An English exonym is a name in the English language for a place (a toponym), or occasionally other terms, which does not follow the local usage (the endonym). Exonyms and endonyms are features of all languages, and other languages may have their own exonym for English endonyms, for example Llundain is the Welsh exonym for the English endonym "London".
Romanization, or transcription of a non-Latin alphabet endonym into a Latin alphabet, is not generally regarded as creating exonyms: "The application of any scientifically sound romanization system to a non-Roman endonym merely re-creates that original endonym in another legitimate form" (Päll, 2002).[1][2] However old romanization systems may leave a legacy of "familiar" spellings, as in the case of, for example, romanization of Burmese.[3] This affects romanization of Arabic, romanization of Chinese, and many other non-Latin alphabet place names.
Translations of non-proper nouns such as "river" and "lake" also do not qualify as exonyms.
This section lists English-language exonyms that are for places located in multiple countries, English names of countries, and typical patterns.
Countries and territoriesedit
The following is a list of countries and territories whose names in local languages differ from their (non-local) English ones. The list includes countries with limited recognition, autonomous territories of sovereign countries, and fully sovereign countries.
Country names are listed in their short form, and do not include names spelled identically in English. Near-identical names in pronunciation or spelling are included, but countries named with non-proper nouns (like Central African Republic or United Arab Emirates) are not. It is debatable whether the mere omission of a diacritical mark (as in several instances in the table below) creates an exonym.
The languages listed are official languages and/or prominent local languages, except if the name for the associated country is spelled the same as in English. Languages in italics are no longer spoken in the given country, but the name listed retains some use.
Likewise, exonyms in italics are obsolete or are disputed.
Historically, English borrowed French names for many places in Dutch-speaking areas of Belgium. With a few exceptions this practice is no longer followed by most sources.[7]
Numerous places in the predominantly French speaking province of Quebec have historically had English exonyms; in most cases, the exonym was a straight translation of the place's French name, with only one major city[which?] which ever had an English exonym that was entirely different from its original French name. With a few exceptions, such as Quebec City, these are no longer widely used. Exonyms are also commonly seen with regard to First Nations and Inuit peoples and communities; although government and media sources have evolved in recent years toward using these places' native endonyms, common usage may still favour the older exonyms.
During the Khmer Rogue period (1975–1979), the country was known in English as Democratic Kampuchea, closer to the endonym than its modern English exonym. The English exonym of Cambodia is based on the French exonym, Cambodge. The endonym is sometimes used in English, but the exonym is far more common.
Some of the apparent "exonyms" for China are the result of change in romanization of Chinese to modern pinyin, for example "Tientsin" to "Tianjin". Other apparent exonyms are the result of the English name being based on one of the other varieties of Chinese besides Mandarin. Additionally, certain names which may now be considered exonyms actually preserve older Mandarin pronunciations which have changed in the intervening centuries.[9][10] For all areas in mainland China, names written in Chinese are written in simplified characters. For all areas in the special administrative regions (SARs), the names will be written in traditional characters.
Historically, English-language sources used German names for many places in what is now the Czech Republic. With some exceptions (such as the Elbe and Oder rivers, both of which flow into Germany) this is no longer done by most sources.[13]
The exonym for Greece in English comes from Magna Graecia, which was a historical region in Italy colonized by the Greeks. The endonym Ellás comes from Helen of Troy, the legendary Greek figure whose abduction caused the Greek city-states to unite and fight against Troy during the Trojan War.
The vast majority of placenames in Ireland are anglicisations, or phonetic renderings, of Irish language names. The exceptions to this are listed here:
The below listing is only a summary. Modern Israeli transcription systems (romanization of Hebrew) vary from the spellings of many hundreds of place names of Ancient Israel adopted by Bible translations - both Christian, such as the King James Version (1611) and also Jewish versions such as the JPS (1917).[15]
The English name for Japan derives from the Portuguese name for the country, Japão, which was based on a Chinese transcription of Japan's endonym, Nippon or Nihon (日本).[16]
The English name for the country derives from the city name Marrakesh.[20] The Arabic name for the country, al-Magrib (المغرب), is Arabic for "the west".
Historically, English-language sources borrowed French-language names for some places in German-speaking Switzerland. This is no longer done, and many sources now use German names for most Swiss German-speaking places.[23]
Bangkok was the name of a village built on the west bank of the Chao Phraya river before it grew and became the new capital of Siam, after the fall of Ayutthaya in 1767.[24] The city is called Krung Thep among Thai citizens, but Bangkok among non-Thai citizens. The Thai government has attempted to change the official English name to Krung Thep, but the unofficial name of Bangkok remains in common use.
In June 2022, the United Nations agreed to change the country's official name in English as Türkiye at the request of the Turkish government.[29] However, the majority of English speakers still refer to the country as Turkey in daily use.
Russian name; though the Russian endonym Kiev prevailed after the Soviet Union ended in 1991, in the late 2010s media outlets and governments began using Kyiv at the request of the Ukrainian government.
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This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources English exonyms news newspapers books scholar JSTOR December 2013 Learn how and when to remove this message An English exonym is a name in the English language for a place a toponym or occasionally other terms which does not follow the local usage the endonym Exonyms and endonyms are features of all languages and other languages may have their own exonym for English endonyms for example Llundain is the Welsh exonym for the English endonym London Romanization or transcription of a non Latin alphabet endonym into a Latin alphabet is not generally regarded as creating exonyms The application of any scientifically sound romanization system to a non Roman endonym merely re creates that original endonym in another legitimate form Pall 2002 1 2 However old romanization systems may leave a legacy of familiar spellings as in the case of for example romanization of Burmese 3 This affects romanization of Arabic romanization of Chinese and many other non Latin alphabet place names Translations of non proper nouns such as river and lake also do not qualify as exonyms A less common form of exonym is usage for names and titles Personal exonyms are typically limited to regnal names such as popes John Paul II and monarchs Charles V less commonly well known historical authors John Calvin for French Jean Calvin are referred to by exonyms The list does not include the list of English translated personal names Contents 1 General 1 1 Countries and territories 1 2 Other territories 2 Specific countries 2 1 Albania 2 2 Algeria 2 3 Armenia 2 4 Australia 2 5 Austria 2 6 Azerbaijan 2 7 Belarus 2 8 Belgium 2 9 Bosnia amp Herzegovina 2 10 Bulgaria 2 11 Canada 2 12 Cambodia 2 13 Central African Republic 2 14 Chile 2 15 China 2 16 Croatia 2 17 Cuba 2 18 Cyprus 2 19 Czech Republic 2 20 Denmark 2 20 1 Faroe Islands 2 20 2 Greenland 2 21 Egypt 2 22 Estonia 2 23 Finland 2 24 France 2 25 Georgia 2 26 Germany 2 27 Greece 2 28 Haiti 2 29 Hungary 2 30 Iceland 2 31 India 2 32 Indonesia 2 33 Iran 2 34 Iraq 2 35 Ireland 2 36 Israel 2 37 Italy 2 38 Japan 2 39 Laos 2 40 Latvia 2 41 Lebanon 2 42 Libya 2 43 Lithuania 2 44 Malaysia 2 45 Mexico 2 46 Moldova 2 47 Mongolia 2 48 Morocco 2 49 Myanmar 2 50 Nepal 2 51 Netherlands 2 52 Norway 2 53 North Korea 2 54 Palestine 2 55 Philippines 2 56 Poland 2 57 Portugal 2 58 Romania 2 59 Russia 2 60 Saudi Arabia 2 61 Serbia 2 62 Slovakia 2 63 Slovenia 2 64 Somalia 2 65 South Africa 2 66 South Korea 2 67 Spain 2 68 Sri Lanka 2 69 Sudan 2 70 Sweden 2 71 Switzerland 2 72 Syria 2 73 Thailand 2 74 Taiwan 2 75 Tunisia 2 76 Turkey 2 77 Ukraine 2 78 United Kingdom 2 79 United States 2 80 Vietnam 2 81 Yemen 3 See also 4 ReferencesGeneral editThis section lists English language exonyms that are for places located in multiple countries English names of countries and typical patterns Countries and territories edit The following is a list of countries and territories whose names in local languages differ from their non local English ones The list includes countries with limited recognition autonomous territories of sovereign countries and fully sovereign countries Country names are listed in their short form and do not include names spelled identically in English Near identical names in pronunciation or spelling are included but countries named with non proper nouns like Central African Republic or United Arab Emirates are not It is debatable whether the mere omission of a diacritical mark as in several instances in the table below creates an exonym The languages listed are official languages and or prominent local languages except if the name for the associated country is spelled the same as in English Languages in italics are no longer spoken in the given country but the name listed retains some use Likewise exonyms in italics are obsolete or are disputed Countries and territories English name Endonym Language nbsp Abkhazia Aṗsny Aԥsny Abkhaz Abkhaziya Abhaziya Russian nbsp Afghanistan Afġanestan افغانستان Dari Afġanistan افغانستان Pashto nbsp Albania Shqiperi a Standard Albanian Shqipyni a Gheg Albanian nbsp Algeria Al Dzayir الدزاير Maghrebi Arabic Al Jaza ir الجزائر Standard Arabic nbsp Armenia Hayastan Հայաստան Armenian nbsp Austria Osterreich Standard German nbsp Azerbaijan Azerbaycan Azeri nbsp Bahrain Al Baḥrayn البحرين Standard Arabic nbsp Bangladesh ব ল দ শ Bangladesh Bengali nbsp Belarus Byelarus Belarus Belarusian Russian nbsp Belgium Belgie Dutch Belgien Standard German Belgique French nbsp Benin Benin French nbsp Bhutan Druk Yul འབ ག ཡ ལ Dzongkha nbsp Bolivia Mborivia Guarani Puliwya Quechua Wuliwya Aymara nbsp Bosnia amp Herzegovina Bosna amp Hercegovina Bosna amp Hercegovina Bosnian nbsp Brazil Brasil Portuguese nbsp Bulgaria Balgariya Blgariya Bulgarian nbsp Burkina Faso Burkĩna Faso Mossi nbsp Burundi Uburundi Kirundi nbsp Cambodia Kampucie កម ព ជ Khmer nbsp Cameroon Cameroun French Kamerun Fula nbsp Cape Verde Cabo Verde Portuguese Kabu Verdi Cape Verdean Creole nbsp Chad Tchad French Tshad تشاد Standard Arabic nbsp Chile Chili Aymara Chli Mapudungun Chili Quechua Tire Rapa Nui nbsp China Zhōngguo 中国 Mandarin nbsp Colombia Colombia Spanish nbsp Comoros Comores French Juzur Al Qamar جزر القمر Standard Arabic Komori Comorian nbsp Congo Brazzaville Kongo Lingala Kongo Balazvile Kongo nbsp Congo Kinshasa Kongo Luba Katanga Kongo Kinsasa Lingala Kongo Kongo Kongu Swahili nbsp Cook Islands Kuki Airani Cook Islands Maori nbsp Croatia Hrvatska Croatian nbsp Cyprus Kibris Turkish Kypros Kypros Greek nbsp Czech Republic Czechia Ceska republika Cesko Czech nbsp Denmark Danmark Danish nbsp Djibouti Jabuuti Somali Jibuti جيبوتي Standard Arabic Yibuuti Afar nbsp Dominica Dominique French Wai tu kubuli Island Carib nbsp East Timor Timor Leste Portuguese Timor Lorosa e Tetum nbsp Ecuador Ekuatur Shuar Ikwayur Quechua nbsp Egypt Maṣr م صر Egyptian Arabic Miṣr م صر Standard Arabic nbsp Eritrea Ertra ኤርትራ Tigrinya Iritriya إرتريا Standard Arabic nbsp Estonia Eesti Estonian nbsp Ethiopia Itiyoophiyaa Afar Itoobiya Somali Itoophiyaa Oromo ʾityōṗṗya ኢትዮጵያ Amharic Tigrinya nbsp Fiji Fiji फ ज Fiji Hindi Viti Fijian nbsp Finland Suomi Finnish nbsp France France French nbsp Gambia Gambi Wolof Kambiya Mandinka nbsp Georgia Sakartvelo საქართველო Georgian nbsp Germany Deutschland Standard German nbsp Ghana Gaana Twi nbsp Greece Elladha Ellada Greek nbsp Grenada La Gwenad Grenadian Creole nbsp Guinea Bissau Guine Bissau Portuguese nbsp Guinea Conakry Ginea Conakry Fula Guinee Conakry French nbsp Haiti Ayiti Haitian Creole Haiti French nbsp Honduras Honduras Spanish nbsp Hong Kong Xianggǎng Chinese nbsp Hungary Magyarorszag Hungarian nbsp Iceland Island Icelandic nbsp India Bhaaratham ഭ രത Malayalam Bharat भ रत Marathi Dogri Hindi Maithili Nepali Bharat ભ રત Gujarati Bharat ب ارت भ रत Kashmiri Bharat بھارت ਭ ਰਤ Punjabi Bharat ڀارت भ रत Sindhi Bharat بھارت Urdu Bharata ಭ ರತ Kannada Bharatam भ रतम Sanskrit Bharathadesaṁ భ రతద శ Telugu Bharatham ப ரதம Tamil Bharot भ रत Konkani Bharot ভ রত Bengali Bharot ভ ৰত Assamese Meitei Bharot भ रत Bodo Bharoto ଭ ରତ Odia Sinot ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ Santali nbsp Iran Iran ایران Persian nbsp Iraq Al Iraq ا ل ع ر اق Standard Arabic Eraq عێراق Kurdish nbsp Ireland Eire Irish nbsp Israel Isra il إ س ر ائ يل Standard Arabic Yisrael ישראל Hebrew nbsp Italy Italia Standard Italian nbsp Ivory Coast Cote d Ivoire French nbsp Japan Nihon Nippon 日本 Japanese nbsp Jordan Al Urdunn الأردن Standard Arabic nbsp Kazakhstan Qazaqstan Қazakstan Kazakh nbsp Kosovo Kosove Albanian nbsp Kuwait Al Kuwait الكويت Standard Arabic il Ikwet الكويت Gulf Arabic nbsp Kyrgyzstan Kirǧizstan Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyz nbsp Laos Lao ລາວ Lao nbsp Latvia Latvija Latvian Lețmō Livonian nbsp Lebanon Libnen لبنان Levantine Arabic Lubnan لبنان Standard Arabic nbsp Libya Libiya ليبيا Standard Arabic nbsp Lithuania Lietuva Lithuanian nbsp Luxembourg Letzebuerg Luxembourgish Luxemburg Standard German nbsp Madagascar Madagasikara Malagasy nbsp Malawi Malaŵi Chewa Tumbuka nbsp Malaysia Mǎlaixiya 马来西亚 Mandarin nbsp Maldives Dhivehi Raajje ދ ވ ހ ރ އ ޖ Dhivehi nbsp Mali Mali مالي Standard Arabic nbsp Marshall Islands Aorōkin M ajel Marshallese nbsp Mauritania Agawej Berber Cengiṭ Berber Gannaar Wolof Mauritanie French Moritani Pulaar Muritanya موريتانيا Standard Arabic Murutaane Soninke nbsp Mauritius Maurice French Moris Mauritian Creole nbsp Mexico Mexico Spanish Mexihco Nahuatl nbsp Moldova Moldaviya Moldaviya Russian nbsp Monaco Monegue Occitan Munegu Ligurian nbsp Mongolia Mongol Uls Mongol Uls Mongolian nbsp Montenegro Crna Gora Crna Gora Montenegrin nbsp Morocco Al Maġrib المغرب Standard Arabic lmeɣrib ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ Standard Moroccan Tamazight Maroc French nbsp Mozambique Mocambique Portuguese Msumbiji Swahili Mozambiki Chewa Muzambhiki Tsonga nbsp Myanmar Myǎma မ န မ Burmese nbsp Namibia Namibie Afrikaans nbsp Nauru Naoero Nauruan nbsp Nepal Nepal न प ल Nepali nbsp Netherlands Nederland Dutch nbsp New Zealand Aotearoa Maori nbsp Niger Al Nayjar النيجر Standard Arabic nbsp Nigeria Naijiriya Igbo Naijiriya Yoruba Najeriya Hausa nbsp Niue Niue Niuean nbsp North Korea Chosǒn 조선 Korean nbsp North Macedonia Maqedonia e Veriut Albanian Severna Makedonija Severna Makedoniјa Macedonian nbsp Norway Noorja Southern Sami Noreg Norwegian Nynorsk Norga Northern Sami Norge Norwegian Bokmal Vuodna Lule Sami nbsp Oman Uman عمان Standard Arabic nbsp Pakistan Pakistan پاک ستان Urdu nbsp Palau Belau Palauan Parao パラオ Japanese nbsp Palestine Filasṭin فلسطين Standard Arabic nbsp Panama Panama Spanish nbsp Papua New Guinea Papua Niu Gini Hiri Motu Papua Niugini Tok Pisin nbsp Paraguay Paraguai Guarani Paraguay Spanish nbsp Peru Peru Spanish Piruw Aymara Quechua nbsp Philippines Pilipinas Tagalog nbsp Poland Polska Polish nbsp Portugal Portugal Portuguese nbsp Qatar Giṭar قطر Gulf Arabic Qaṭar قطر Standard Arabic nbsp Romania Romania Romanian nbsp Russia Rossiya Rossi ya Russian nbsp Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Christopher and Nevis English nbsp Samoa Samoa Samoan nbsp Saudi Arabia al Suʿudiyya ٱلس ع ود ي ة Standard Arabic nbsp Senegal Senegaal Wolof Senegal French nbsp Serbia Srbija Serbian nbsp Seychelles Sesel Seychellois Creole nbsp Singapore Ciṅkappur ச ங கப ப ர Tamil Singapura Malay Xinjiapō 新加坡 Mandarin nbsp Slovakia Slovensko Slovak nbsp Slovenia Slovenija Slovene nbsp Somalia aṣ Ṣumal الصومال Standard Arabic Soomaaliya Somali nbsp Somaliland Ṣumaliland صوماليلاند Standard Arabic nbsp South Korea Hanguk 한국 Korean nbsp South Sudan Paguot Thudan Dinka nbsp South Ossetia Alaniya Alaniya Russian Allonston Allonston Ossetian nbsp Spain Espainia Basque Espana Galician Spanish Espanha Occitan Espanya Catalan nbsp Sri Lanka Ilaṅkai இலங க Tamil Sri Laṁka ශ ර ල ක Sinhala nbsp Sudan as Sudan السودان Standard Arabic nbsp Sweden Sverige Swedish nbsp Switzerland Helvetia Latin Schweiz Standard German Suisse French Svizra Romansh Svizzera Standard Italian nbsp Syria Suriya سوريا Standard Arabic nbsp Taiwan Taiuan 臺灣 Hokkien Taiwan 臺灣 Mandarin Taywan Amis Tǒivǎn 臺灣 Hakka nbsp Tajikistan Tojikiston Toҷikiston Tajik nbsp Thailand Pratheṣ thịy praethsithy Thai nbsp Transnistria Nistrenia Nistreniya Romanian Pridnestrovye Pridnestrove Russian Prydnistrovya Pridnistrov ya Ukrainian nbsp Tunisia Tunest Berber Tunisie French Tunis تونس Standard Arabic nbsp Turkey Turkiye Turkish nbsp Turkmenistan Turkmenistan Turkmen nbsp Uganda Yuganda Luganda nbsp Ukraine Ukrajina Ukrayina Ukrainian nbsp Uzbekistan Oʻzbekiston Ўzbekiston Uzbek nbsp Vatican City Stato della Citta del Vaticano Standard Italian Status Civitatis Vaticanae Latin nbsp Vietnam Việt Nam Vietnamese nbsp Yemen Al Yaman ا ل ي م ن Standard Arabic Other territories edit The following is a list of other territories regions which are not deemed as countries or sovereign states Other territories English name Endonym Language nbsp Alsace Elsass German Elsass Alsatian nbsp Basque Country Pais Vasco Spanish Euskadi Basque nbsp Bavaria Bayern German Boarn Bavarian nbsp Bohemia Cechy Czech Bohmen German nbsp Brittany Bretagne French Breizh Breton nbsp Catalonia Catalunya Catalan Cataluna Spanish nbsp Cornwall Kernow Cornish nbsp Corsica Corse French nbsp Crimea Krym Krym Russian Krym Krim Ukrainian Qirim Crimean Tatar nbsp Faroe Islands Faeroerne Danish Foroyar Faroese nbsp Flanders Vlaanderen Dutch nbsp Friesland Fryslan Frisian nbsp Galicia Galiza Galician nbsp Greenland Gronland Danish Kalaallit Nunaat Greenlandic nbsp Hawaii Hawai i Hawaiian nbsp Kashubia Kaszuby Polish Kaszebe Kashubian nbsp Kurdistan Kurdistan کوردستان Sorani Kurdish Kurdistan كردستان Arabic Persian Kurdistan Turkish K urdistan Քուրդիստան Armenian Kurdistan Zazaki nbsp Lombardy Lombardia Italian nbsp Moravia Morava Czech Mahren German nbsp Normandy Normandie French Normaundie Norman nbsp Northern Ireland Tuaisceart Eireann Irish Norlin Airlann Ulster Scots nbsp Occitania Occitanie French Occitania Occitan nbsp Piedmont Piemonte Italian Piemont Piedmontese nbsp Pomerania Pomorze Polish Pommern German nbsp Quebec Quebec French nbsp Sardinia Sardegna Italian Sardigna Sardinian nbsp Scotland Alba Scottish Gaelic nbsp Sicily Sicilia Italian Sicilian nbsp Silesia Slask Polish Slezsko Czech Slōnsk Silesian Schlesien German nbsp Tibet Xizang 西藏 Mandarin Bod བ ད Tibetan nbsp Wales Cymru Welsh nbsp Wallonia Wallonie FrenchSpecific countries editAlbania edit nbsp Albania Shqiperia English name Endonym Notes Name Language Durazzo Durres Albanian Dated Italian name Tirana Tirane Albanian Tirana is Albanian for the Tirana Algeria edit nbsp Algeria Al Jaza ir الجزائر English name Endonym Notes Name Language Algiers Al Jaza ir الج زائر Standard Arabic Constantine Qusanṭinah قسنطينة Standard Arabic Oran Wahran و هران Standard Arabic Name of the country and its capital city in Arabic Al Jaza ir الجزائر is Arabic for the islands 4 Armenia edit nbsp Armenia Hayastan Հայաստան English name Endonym Notes Name Language Ararat Plain Araratyan dasht Արարատյան դաշտ Armenian Igdir Ovasi Turkish Yerevan Erevan Երևան Armenian Armenian place pronounced like English name Australia edit Most places in Australia have additional names in various indigenous Australian languages nbsp Australia English name Endonym Notes Name Language Ayers Rock Uluru Pitjantjatjara Dated Rose Hill Parramatta Dharug Archaic Tasmania Lutruwita Nuenonne Palawa kani Austria edit See also List of English exonyms for German toponyms nbsp Austria Osterreich English name Endonym Notes Name Language Ammergau Alps Ammergebirge 5 German Bavarian Prealps Bayerische Voralpen 5 German Brenner Pass Brennerpass 5 German Carinthia Karnten 6 5 German Carpathian Basin Karpatenbecken 5 German Danube river Donau 6 German Drava Drau 5 German Drave Drau 5 German Dated Lake Constance Bodensee 6 5 German Northern Limestone Alps Nordliche Kalkalpen 5 German Southern Limestone Alps Sudliche Kalkalpen 5 German Styria Steiermark 6 5 German Tyrol Tirol 5 German Vienna Wien 6 German Wetterstein Wettersteingebirge 5 German Azerbaijan edit nbsp Azerbaijan Azerbaycan English name Endonym Notes Name Language Baku Baki Azeri Barda Berde Azeri Caucasus Qafqaz Azeri Ganja Gence Azeri Lachin Lacin Azeri Sumgait Sumqayit Azeri Belarus edit nbsp Belarus Belarus English name Endonym Notes Name Language Bielorussia Byelorussia Belorussia Belarusian Russian obsolete White Russia Belorussia Belarusian Russian obsolete Belgium edit Historically English borrowed French names for many places in Dutch speaking areas of Belgium With a few exceptions this practice is no longer followed by most sources 7 nbsp Belgium Belgie Belgique English name Endonym Notes Name Language Antwerp Antwerpen Dutch Bruges Brugge Dutch French name Brussels Brussel Dutch Bruxelles French Courtrai Kortrijk Dutch Archaic French name Filford Vilvoorde Dutch Archaic Flanders Vlaanderen Dutch Gaunt Gent Dutch Archaic Ghent Gent Dutch Louvain Leuven Dutch Archaic French name Mechlin Mechelen Dutch Archaic Ostend Oostende Dutch Wallonia Wallonie French Ypres Ieper Dutch French name Bosnia amp Herzegovina edit nbsp Bosnia amp Herzegovina Bosna amp Hercegovina Bosna amp Hercegovina English name Endonym Notes Name Language Bosnia Bosna Bosna Bosnian Herzegovina Hercegovina Hercegovina Bosnian German spelling English name pronounced the same Narenta Neretva Neretva Bosnian Italian name sometimes used in English Bulgaria edit nbsp Bulgaria Balgariya Blgariya English name Endonym Notes Name Language Balkan Mountains Stara Planina Stara Planina Bulgarian Danube river Dunav Dunav Bulgarian Philippopolis Plovdiv Plovdiv Bulgarian Archaic Rhodope Mountains Rodopi Rodopi Bulgarian Sofia Sofiya Sofiya Bulgarian Southern Dobruja Dobrudzha Dobrudzha Bulgarian Bulgarian half of former Dobruja region Thrace Trakiya Trakiya Bulgarian Canada edit Numerous places in the predominantly French speaking province of Quebec have historically had English exonyms in most cases the exonym was a straight translation of the place s French name with only one major city which which ever had an English exonym that was entirely different from its original French name With a few exceptions such as Quebec City these are no longer widely used Exonyms are also commonly seen with regard to First Nations and Inuit peoples and communities although government and media sources have evolved in recent years toward using these places native endonyms common usage may still favour the older exonyms nbsp Canada English name Endonym Notes Name Language Arctic Red River Tsiigehtchic Gwich in Archaic Big Trout Lake Kitchenuhmaykoosib Oji Cree Cambridge Bay Iqaluktuuttiaq Inuinnaqtun Chesterfield Inlet Igluligaarjuk ᐃᒡᓗᓕᒑᕐᔪᒃ Inuktitut Fort Franklin Delįne Sahtu Archaic Fort Hope Eabametoong Ojibwe Fort Norman Tulita Sahtu Archaic Fraserville Riviere du Loup French Archaic Frobisher Bay Iqaluit ᐃᖃᓗᐃᑦ Inuktitut Archaic Gjoa Haven Uqsuqtuuq ᐅᖅᓱᖅᑑᖅ Inuktitut Holman Ulukhaktok Inuinnaqtun Archaic Harrington Lake Lac Mousseau French Iroquois River Riviere Richelieu French Archaic Island of Orleans Ile d Orleans French Lansdowne House Neskantaga Oji Cree Mount Royal Mont Royal French Quebec City Quebec French Queen Charlotte Island Haida Gwaii Haida Archaic Rankin Inlet Kangiqliniq ᑲᖏᕿᓂᖅ Inuktitut Saint Andrew Saint Andre d Argenteuil French Archaic Saint John Saint Jean sur Richelieu French Archaic Summer Beaver Nibinamik ᓃᐱᓇᒥᐦᐠ Ojibwe The River Ouse La Riviere Grand French Archaic Kenhionhata tie Mohawk Three Rivers Trois Rivieres French Archaic Two Mountains Deux Montagnes French Archaic Whale Cove Tikiraqjuaq ᑎᑭᕋᕐᔪᐊᖅ Inuktitut Cambodia edit During the Khmer Rogue period 1975 1979 the country was known in English as Democratic Kampuchea closer to the endonym than its modern English exonym The English exonym of Cambodia is based on the French exonym Cambodge The endonym is sometimes used in English but the exonym is far more common nbsp Cambodia Kampuchea កម ព ជ English name Endonym Notes Name Language Mekong River Tonle Mekongk ទន ល ម គង គ Khmer Phnom Penh Phnum Penh ភ ន ព ញគ Khmer Sihanoukville Krong Preah Sihanouk ក រ ងព រ ស ហន Khmer Kampong Som ក ពង ស ម Khmer Central African Republic edit nbsp Central African Republic Kodorosese ti Beafrika Republique centrafricaine English name Endonym Notes Name Language Bangi Bangi Sango Bangi is occasionally used in English Bangui French Chile edit nbsp Chile English name Endonym Notes Name Language Easter Island Isla de Pascua Spanish Rapa Nui Rapa Nui Fireland 8 Tierra del Fuego Spanish Obsolete China edit This section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section Unsourced material may be challenged and removed May 2023 Learn how and when to remove this message Some of the apparent exonyms for China are the result of change in romanization of Chinese to modern pinyin for example Tientsin to Tianjin Other apparent exonyms are the result of the English name being based on one of the other varieties of Chinese besides Mandarin Additionally certain names which may now be considered exonyms actually preserve older Mandarin pronunciations which have changed in the intervening centuries 9 10 For all areas in mainland China names written in Chinese are written in simplified characters For all areas in the special administrative regions SARs the names will be written in traditional characters See also Pinyin and Chinese postal romanization nbsp China Zhōngguo 中国 English name Endonym Notes Name Language Amoy Amoy Min Nan 11 Archaic Xiamen 厦门 Mandarin E mn g Amoy E mui Amoy Canton Guǎngzhōu 广州 Mandarin Archaic Gwong2 Zau1 Cantonese Archaic Changbai Mountain Changbaishan 长白山 Mandarin Paektusan 백두산 Korean Chengchow Zhengzhōu 郑州 Mandarin Archaic change in romanization Chengtu Chengdu 成都 Mandarin Archaic change in romanization Chungking Chongqing 重庆 Mandarin Archaic change in romanization Foochow Fuzhōu 福州 Mandarin Archaic change in romanization Forbidden City Gugōng 故宫 Zĭjincheng 紫禁城 Mandarin Means Ancient Palace and Purple Forbidden City respectively Fukien Fujian 福建 Mandarin Archaic change in romanization Gobi Desert Gebi Shamo 戈壁沙漠 Mandarin Govi ᠭᠣᠪᠢ Mongolian Hangchow Hangzhōu 杭州 Mandarin Archaic change in romanization Heilungkiang Heilongjiang 黑龙江 Mandarin Archaic change in romanization Khejluntszyan Hejlunczyan Russian Hohhot Kokeqota ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠬᠣᠲᠠ Mongolian Huhehaote 呼和浩特 Hushi 呼市 Mandarin Hokkien Fujian 福建 Hokkien Archaic but survives in English name of the language Hong Kong Hoeng1 Gong2 香港 Cantonese Xianggǎng Mandarin Inner Mongolia Obur mongɣul ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ Mongolian Nei Mĕnggǔ 内蒙古 Mandarin Kalgan Kalgan ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠᠨ Mongolian Zhangjiakŏu 张家口 Kalagan 喀拉干 Mandarin Archaic Kwangchow Gwong2 Zau1 Cantonese Guǎngzhōu 广州 Mandarin Archaic change in romanization Kweilin Gveilinz Zhuang Guilin 桂林 Mandarin Archaic change in romanization Lop Nor Lop Nur Luobupō 罗布泊 Mandarin Lob Nughur ᠯᠣᠪ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ Mongolian script Lop Nur لوپنۇر Uighur Macau Ou3 mun2 澳門 Cantonese Aomen 澳门 Mandarin Mekong River Meigōnghe 湄公河 Mandarin Mount Everest Zhumulǎngmǎ Feng 珠穆朗玛峰 Mandarin Chomolungma ཇ མ ག ང མ Tibetan Mukden Mukden Manchu 12 Archaic Shenyang 沈阳 Mandarin Nanking Nanjing 南京 Mandarin Archaic change in romanization Paotou Baotou 包头 Mandarin Obsolete English spelling Buɣutu qota ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠲᠤ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ Mongolian Peking Beijing 北京 Mandarin Archaic change in romanization Port Arthur Dalian 大连 Mandarin Archaic Santow Shantou 汕头 Mandarin Archaic Shaanxi Shǎnxi 陕西 Mandarin Name spelled using Guoyeu Romatzyh romanization as the name would be the same as Shanxi using pinyin without tones Sian Xi an 西安 Mandarin Archaic change in romanization Sinkiang Xinjiang 新疆 Mandarin Archaic change in romanization Soochow Suzhōu 苏州 Mandarin Archaic change in romanization Swatow Shantou 汕头 Mandarin Suan1tao5 汕头 Teochew English orthography close to Teochew pronunciation Teochew n sound is nasal Szechuan Sichuan 四川 Mandarin Archaic change in romanization Tibet Bod བ ད Tibetan Xizang 西藏 Mandarin Tsingtao Qingdăo 青岛 Mandarin Archaic change in romanization Yangtze River Chang jiang 長江 长江 Mandarin Based on the archaic name Yangzĭ Jiang 揚子江 扬子江 Yellow River Huang He 黃河 Mandarin Yenchi Yanji 延吉 Mandarin Archaic change in romanization Yenji 옌지 Yǒnkil 연길 Korean Yenki Yenji 옌지 Yǒnkil 연길 Korean Yanji 延吉 Mandarin Croatia edit nbsp Croatia Hrvatska English name Endonym Notes Name Language Danube Dunav Croatian Dalmatia Dalmacija Croatian Istria Istra Croatian Ragusa Dubrovnik Croatian Historical exonym Zara Zadar Croatian Historical exonym Cuba edit nbsp Cuba English name Endonym Notes Name Language Bay of Pigs Bahia de Cochinos Spanish Cochino is one of several Spanish words used to define pig Havana La Habana Spanish Cyprus edit nbsp Cyprus Kypros Kibris English name Endonym Notes Place Language Famagusta Ammokhostos Ammoxwstos Greek Gazimaǧusa Turkish Kyrenia Girne Turkish Keryneia Keryneia Greek Limassol Lemesos Lemesos Greek Limasol Turkish Nicosia Lefkosa Turkish Lefkosia Leykwsia Greek Czech Republic edit Historically English language sources used German names for many places in what is now the Czech Republic With some exceptions such as the Elbe and Oder rivers both of which flow into Germany this is no longer done by most sources 13 nbsp Czech Republic Ceska republika English name Endonym Notes Name Language Beskids Beskydy Czech Bohemia Cechy Czech Latin name Bohemian Forest Sumava Czech Bohemian Karst Cesky kras Czech Bohemian Paradise Cesky raj Czech Bohemian Switzerland Ceske Svycarsko Czech Budweis Ceske Budejovice Czech Archaic German name Carlsbad Karlovy Vary Czech Archaic German name Elbe river Labe Czech German name Fichtel Mountains Smrciny Czech German name Franzensbad Frantiskovy Lazne Czech Archaic German name Giant Mountains Krkonose Czech Hanakia Hana Czech Archaic Lachia Lassko Czech Marienbad Marianske Lazne Czech Archaic German name Moravia Morava Czech Latin name Moravian Slovakia Slovacko Czech Moravian Wallachia Valassko Czech Oder river Odra Czech German name Ore Mountains Krusne hory Czech Pilsen Plzen Czech Archaic German name Prague Praha Czech French name Silesia Slezsko Czech Slōnsk Silesian Sudetes Sudeten Sudeten Mountains Krkonossko jesenicka subprovincie Sudety Czech Sudetenland Sudety Czech Upper Palatine Forest Cesky les Czech Denmark edit nbsp Denmark Danmark English name Endonym Notes Name Language Copenhagen Kobenhavn Danish Elsinore Helsingor Danish Dated Funen Fyn Danish Jutland Jylland Danish Sleswick Schleswig Low German Slesvig Danish The Scaw Skagen Danish Dated Zealand Sjaelland Danish Faroe Islands edit nbsp Faroe Islands Foroyar English name Endonym Notes Name Language Thor s Haven Torshavn Danish Dated Greenland edit Several places were known under Danish names or a variant of them Now only the local Greenlandic is used nbsp Greenland Kalaallit Nunaat English name Endonym Notes Name Language Frederikdshab Paamiut Greenlandic Obsolete Godthab Nuuk Greenlandic Obsolete Jacobshaven Ilulissat Greenlandic Obsolete Sondre Stromfjord Kangerlussuaq Greenlandic Obsolete Sondrestrom Kangerlussuaq Greenlandic Obsolete Thule Qaanaaq Greenlandic Obsolete Egypt edit nbsp Egypt Miṣr مصر English name Endonym Notes Name Language Alexandria Al Iskandariyya الإسكندرية Egyptian Arabic Alexandria ⲁⲗⲉⲝⲁⲛⲇⲣⲓⲁ Coptic Eskendereyya اسكندرية Egyptian Arabic Rakote ⲣⲁⲕⲟϯ Coptic Cairo Al Qahirah القاهرة Standard Arabic Maṣr م صر Egyptian Arabic Giza Al Jizah الجيزة Standard Arabic El Gizeh الجيزة Egyptian Arabic Luxor Al Uqṣur الاقصر Standard Arabic Babe ⲡⲁⲡⲉ Coptic Loqṣor الأقصر Egyptian Arabic Memphis Manf م ن ف Standard Arabic Memfi ⲙⲉⲙϥⲓ Coptic Nile An Nil النيل Standard Arabic En Nil النيل Egyptian Arabic Nilus Latin Port Said Bur Sa id بور سعيد Standard Arabic Bor Sa id بور سعيد Egyptian Arabic Suez As Suways السويس Standard Arabic The English name of Egypt derives from the French name Egypte which is derived from the Greek name Aigyptos Aigyptos 14 Estonia edit nbsp Estonia Eesti English name Endonym Notes Name Language Lake Peipus Peipsi jarv Estonian Reval Tallinn Estonian Obsolete Finland edit nbsp Finland Suomi English name Endonym Notes Name Language Karelia Karjala Finnish From Latin Lapponia Lappi Finnish From Latin Ostrobothnia Pohjanmaa Finnish From Latin compare Swedish Osterbotten Savonia Savo Finnish From Latin Tavastia Hame Finnish From Latin France edit nbsp France English name Endonym Notes Name Language Bay of Biscay Golfe de Gascogne French Bethwyn Bethune French Archaic Brittany Breizh Breton Bretagne French Burgundy Bourgogne French Camerick Cambrai French Obsolete Corsica Corse French Corsica Corsican Cressy Crecy en Ponthieu French Dauphiny Dalfinat Occitan Darfenat Arpitan Dauphine French Archaic Dunkirk Dunkerque French English Channel La Manche French Flanders Flandre French French Riviera Cote d Azur French Gascony Gascogne French Gasconha Gascon Lyons Liyon Arpitan Lyon French Archaic Marseilles Marseille French Archaic Marselha Occitan Normandy Normandie French Normaundie Norman Picardy Picardie French Rheims Reims French Archaic Rhine River Rhin French Rone Rouen French Obsolete Savoy Savoie French Savoue Arpitan Ushant Eusa Breton Ouessant French Georgia edit nbsp Georgia Sakartvelo საქართველო English name Endonym Notes Name Language Caucasus Kavkasioni კავკასიონი Georgian Tiflis Tbilisi თბილისი Georgian Obsolete Germany edit See also List of English exonyms for German toponyms and Names of Germany This list does not include German place names with ss written with ss or umlauts being removed in some writing nbsp Germany Deutschland English name Endonym Notes Name 5 6 Language Aix la Chapelle Aachen Standard German Archaic Oche Ripuarian Baltic Sea Ostsee Standard German Bavaria Bayern Standard German Bay of Lubeck Lubecker Bucht Standard German German name means Lubeck Bight Bay of Mecklenburg Mecklenburger Bucht Standard German German name means Mecklenburg Bight Bay of Meldorf Meldorfer Bucht Standard German German name means Meldorf Bight Bay of Pomerania Pommersche Bucht Standard German German name means Pomeranian Bight Bay of Wismar Wismarer Bucht Standard German German name means Wismar Bight Black Forest Schwarzwald Standard German Brunswick Braunschweig Standard German Archaic Brunswiek Low Saxon Cleves Kleve Standard German Archaic Coblence Koblenz Standard German Archaic Coblenz Koblenz Standard German Dated Cologne Kolle Ripuarian Koln Standard German Constance Konstanz Standard German Dated Danube river Donau Standard German Eastphalia Oostfalen Low Saxon Ostfalen Standard German Egge Hills Eggegebirge Standard German German name means Egge Mountains Franconia Franken Standard German Frankn Austro Bavarian Franconian Jura Frankenalb Standard German Frankenjura also used in German Frankfort Frangford am Maa Hessian Archaic Frankfurt am Main Standard German Hamelin Hameln Standard German Hanover Hannober Low Saxon Hannover Standard German Hassberge Hills Hassberge Standard German Heligoland deat Lun Heligolandic North Frisian Halilonj Bokingharde North Frisian Helgoland Standard German Hesse Hessen Standard German Hessia Hessen Standard German Hither Pomerania Vorpommern Standard German Hohwacht Bay Hohwachter Bucht Standard German Jade Bight Jadebusen Standard German Kaufungen Forest Kaufunger Wald Standard German Kiel Canal Nordostseekanal Standard German Knull Knullgebirge Standard German German name also used in English Lake Constance Bodensee Standard German Lower Bavarian Upland Niederbayerisches Hugelland Standard German Lusatia Lausitz Standard German Luzica Upper Sorbian Luzyca Lower Sorbian Malborow Marburg Standard German Archaic Mayence Mainz Standard German Archaic Mentz Mainz Standard German Archaic British English Moselle river Mosel Standard German Musel Moselle Franconian Munich Minga Austro Bavarian Munchen Standard German Nuremberg Narrnberch East Franconian Nurnberg Standard German Ore Mountains Erzgebirge Standard German Palatinate Palz Palatinate German Pfalz Standard German Pomerania Pommern Standard German Prussia Preussen Standard German Ratisbon Regensburg Standard German Archaic Rengschburch Austro Bavarian Rhenish Massif Rheinisches Schiefergebirge Standard German Rhine river Rhein Standard German Saxe Coburg Gotha Sachsen Coburg und Gotha Standard German English now uses translation Saxe Coburg and Gotha Saxony Sachsen Standard German Sassen Low Saxon Swabia Schwaben Standard German Szczecin Lagoon Stettiner Haff Standard German Thuringia Thuringen Standard German Treier Moselle Franconian Treves Trier Standard German Archaic French name Western Pomerania Vorpommern Standard German Westphalia Westfalen Low Saxon Standard German Greece edit The exonym for Greece in English comes from Magna Graecia which was a historical region in Italy colonized by the Greeks The endonym Ellas comes from Helen of Troy the legendary Greek figure whose abduction caused the Greek city states to unite and fight against Troy during the Trojan War nbsp Greece Elladha Ellas Ellada Ἑllas English name Endonym Notes Name Language Attica Attiki Attikh Greek Athens Athina A8hna Greek Boetia Voiotia Boiwtia Greek Corfu Kerkyra Kerkyra Greek Corinth Korinthos Korin8os Greek Crete Kriti Krhth Greek Cyclades Kykladhes Kyklades Greek Dodecanese Dhodhekanisa Dwdekanhsa Greek Epirus Ipeiros Hpeiros Greek Euboea Evvoia Eyboia Greek Heraklion Irakleio Hrakleio Greek Icaria Ikaria Ikaria Greek Ithaca Ithaki I8akh Greek Lepanto Nafpaktos Naypaktos Greek Archaic Macedonia Makedonia Makedonia Greek Mediterranean Sea Mesogeios thalassa Mesogeios 8alassa Greek Missolonghi Mesologi Mesologgi Greek Naupactus Nafpaktos Naypaktos Greek Greek name also used in English Navarino Pylos Pylos Greek Archaic Patras Patra Patra Greek Peloponnese Peloponnisos Peloponnhsos Greek Philippi Filippoi Filippoi Greek Piraeus Peiraias Peiraias Greek Rhodes Rodhos Rodos Greek Rhodope Mountains Rodhopi Rodoph Greek Salonica Thessaloniki 8essalonikh Greek Archaic Samothrace Samothraki Samo8rakh Greek Sparta Sparti Sparth Greek Thebes Thiva 8hba Greek Thessalonica Thessaloniki 8essalonikh Greek Greek name also used in English Thessaly Thessalia 8essalia Greek Thrace Thraki 8rakh Greek Zante Zakynthos Zakyn8os Greek Archaic Haiti edit nbsp Haiti Haiti Ayiti English name Endonym Notes Name Language Labadee Labadie French Hungary edit nbsp Hungary Magyarorszag English name Endonym Notes Name Language Budapest Budapest Hungarian Carpathian Mountains Karpatok Hungarian Comorn Komarom Hungarian Dated Danube River Duna Hungarian Pesth Pest Hungarian Archaic Iceland edit nbsp Iceland Island English name Endonym Notes Name Language Blue Lagoon Blaa lonid Icelandic Westman Islands Vestmannaeyjar Icelandic Dated translation India edit See also List of renamed Indian public places nbsp India Bharat भ रत English name Endonym Notes Name Language Allahabad Prayagraj प रय गर ज Hindi Officially amended to Prayagraj but still in use in popular culture Allepey Alappuzha ആലപ പ ഴ Malayalam Dated Bangalore Bengaluru ಬ ಗಳ ರ Kannada Benares Varanasi व र णस Hindi Dated Bombay Mumbai म बई Marathi Dated Calcutta Kolkata কলক ত Bengali Dated Cawnpore Kanpur क नप र Hindi Obsolete Cochin Kochi ക ച ച Malayalam Delhi Dilli द ल ल Hindi Ganges River Ganga ग ग Hindi Indus River Sindhu स न ध Sanskrit Jaypore Jaipur जयप र Hindi Obsolete Laccadive Islands Lakshadweep ലക ഷദ വ പ Malayalam Obsolete Madras Chennai ச ன ன Tamil Dated Palghat Palakkad പ ലക ക ട Malayalam Obsolete Pondicherry Puducherry ப த ச ச ர Tamil Dated Poona Pune प ण Marathi Dated Simla Shimla श मल Hindi Obsolete Trivandrum Thiruvananthapuram ത ര വനന തപ ര Malayalam Indonesia edit nbsp Indonesia English name Endonym Note Name Language Bencoolen Bengkulu Indonesian Historical Billiton Belitung Indonesian Obsolete Borneo Kalimantan Indonesian These exonyms are also unofficially used in Indonesia Celebes Sulawesi Indonesian Ceram Seram Island Indonesian Java Jawa Indonesian Lesser Sunda Islands Kepulauan Nusa Tenggara Indonesian Kepulauan Sunda Kecil Indonesian Historical Moluccas Maluku Islands Indonesian New Guinea Papua Indonesian Irian Jaya Indonesian Historical Nugini Indonesian Fossil word Savu Sawu Indonesian One of few alternative names for the island Sabu is officially only used for Sabu Raijua Regency Sabu Indonesian Iran edit nbsp Iran Iran اݐران English name Endonym Note Name Language Bushire Bushehr بوشهر Persian Obsolete Caspian Sea Darya ye Khazar Khazar Sea Persian Isfahan Esfahan اصفهان Persian Meshed Mashhad مشهد Persian Obsolete Teheran Tehran تهران Persian Obsolete Iraq edit nbsp Iraq Al Iraq العراق English name Endonym Notes Name Language Ctesiphon Ṭaysafun طيسفون or Qaṭaysfun قطيسفون Standard Arabic Duhok Dahuk دهوك Standard Arabic Dihok دهۆک Kurdish Beth Nohadra ܒܝܬ ܢܘܗܕܪܐ Syriac Euphrates River Al Furat الفرات Standard Arabic Firat Kurdish Pǝrath ܦܪܬ Syriac Mosul Al Mawṣil الموصل Standard Arabic Mawṣil ܡܘܨܠ Syriac Mosil مووسڵ Kurdish Tigris River Deqlath ܕ ܩܠ ܬ Syriac Dicle دیجلە Kurdish Dijla دجله Standard Arabic Ireland edit Main article Place names in Ireland The vast majority of placenames in Ireland are anglicisations or phonetic renderings of Irish language names The exceptions to this are listed here nbsp Ireland Eire English name Endonym Notes Name Language Arklow an tInbhear Mor Irish Carlingford Cairlinn Irish Connaught Connacht Irish Dated Dalkey Deilginis Irish Dursey Baoi Bhearra Oilean Baoi Irish Dublin Baile Atha Cliath Irish Fastnet Carraig Aonair Irish Haulbowline Inis Sionnach Irish Howth Binn Eadair Irish Killarney Cill Airne Irish Lambay Reachrainn Irish Leinster Laighin Irish Leixlip Leim an Bhradain Irish Meath Mi Irish Munster Mumhan Irish Oxmantown Baile Lochlannach Irish Saltee Na Sailti Irish Selskar Seilsceir Irish Skerries Na Sceiri Irish Strangford Loch Cuan Irish Ulster Ulaidh Irish Waterford Port Lairge Irish Wexford Loch Garman Irish Wicklow Cill Mhantain Irish Israel edit The below listing is only a summary Modern Israeli transcription systems romanization of Hebrew vary from the spellings of many hundreds of place names of Ancient Israel adopted by Bible translations both Christian such as the King James Version 1611 and also Jewish versions such as the JPS 1917 15 nbsp Israel Yisrael ישראל English name Endonym Notes Name Language Acre Ako עכו Modern Hebrew Greek name Beersheba Beer Sheva באר שבע Modern Hebrew Capernaum Kfar Nachum כפר נחום Modern Hebrew Latin name Dead Sea Al Baḥru l Maytu ا ل ب ح ر ال م ي ت Standard Arabic Yam hamMelaḥ ים המלח Modern Hebrew Galilee haGalil הגליל Modern Hebrew Jaffa Yafo יפו Modern Hebrew Joppa Yafo יפו Modern Hebrew Greek name dated Jordan River Nahr al Urdun نهر الأردن Standard Arabic Nahar haYarden נהר הירדן Modern Hebrew Jerusalem ursalim أ ور ش ل يم Standard Arabic Yerushalayim ירושלים Modern Hebrew Latin name Nazareth Natzrat נצרת Modern Hebrew Greek name Sea of Galilee Imat Tbria بحيرة طبريا Standard Arabic Yamat haKineret ימת הכינרת Modern Hebrew Safed Tzfat צפת Modern Hebrew Arabic name Tiberias Tverya טבריה Modern Hebrew Greek name Italy edit nbsp Italy Italia English name Endonym Notes Name Language Apulia Puglia Standard Italian Puglia Neapolitan Aventine Hill Aventino Standard Italian Caelian Hill Celio Standard Italian Capitoline Hill Campidoglio Standard Italian Florence Firenze Standard Italian French name Genoa Genova Standard Italian Zena Ligurian Herculaneum Ercolano Standard Italian English uses different names for the ancient and modern places Janiculum Gianicolo Standard Italian Latin name Latium Lazio Standard Italian English uses different names for the ancient and modern places Leghorn Livorno Standard Italian Obsolete Lombardy Lombardea Lombard French name Lombardia Standard Italian Mantua Mantua Lombard Mantova Standard Italian Milan Milan Lombard Milano Standard Italian Montferrat Monferrato Standard Italian French name Monfra Piedmontese Naples Napoli Standard Italian French name Napule Neapolitan Padua Padova Standard Italian Padova Venetian Piedmont Piemont Piedmontese Piemonte Standard Italian Phlegraean Fields Campi Flegrei Standard Italian Pompeii Pompei Standard Italian Latin name Pontine Marshes Agro Pontino Standard Italian Rome Roma Standard Italian French name Rubicon River Rubicone Standard Italian Sardinia Sardegna Standard Italian Sicily Sicilia Standard Italian Sicilian Sienna Siena Standard Italian Obsolete Syracuse Sarasusa Sicilian Siracusa Standard Italian The Marches Marche Standard Italian Obsolete Tiber Tevere Standard Italian Latin name Tuscany Toscana Standard Italian Turin Torino Standard Italian Turin Piedmontese Trent Trento Standard Italian Dated Trent Ladin and Lombard Tyrol Tirolo Standard Italian Venice Venesia Venetian French name Venezia Standard Italian Vesuvius Vesuvio Neapolitan Standard Italian Latin name Many English exonyms were derived from the French variations such as Rome and Venice Japan edit nbsp Japan Nihon Nippon 日本 English name Endonym Notes Name Language Bonin Islands Ogasawara Guntou 小笠原群島 Japanese Iwo Jima Iou tou 硫黄島 Japanese Alternative reading of endonym Liancourt Rocks Takeshima 竹島 Japanese Ryukyu Islands Nansei shotou 南西諸島 Japanese Volcano Islands Kazan Rettou 火山列島 Japanese The English name for Japan derives from the Portuguese name for the country Japao which was based on a Chinese transcription of Japan s endonym Nippon or Nihon 日本 16 Laos edit nbsp Laos Lao ລາວ English name Endonym Notes Name Language Louangphabang Luang Prabang ຫລວງພະບາງ Lao Also spelled Luangphabang Mekong River Maenam Khong ແມ ນ ຳຂອງ Lao Savannakhet Kaysone Phomvihane ໄກສອນ ພ ມວ ຫານ Lao Viangchan 17 Wiang chan ວຽງຈ ນ Lao Vientiane Lao from French Wiangchan 18 Lao An older variant of the country s name in English uses the definite article the Laos which is now obsolete Latvia edit nbsp Latvia Latvija English name Endonym Notes Name Language Courland Kurzeme Latvian Lettgallia Latgale Latvian Dated Semigallia Zemgale Latvian Dated Lebanon edit nbsp Lebanon Lubnan لبنان English name Endonym Notes Name Language Sidon Ṣayda صيدا Standard Arabic Tyre Ṣur صور Standard Arabic Tripoli Ṭarabulus طرابلس Standard Arabic Libya edit nbsp Libya Libiya ليبيا English name Endonym Notes Name Language Cyrenaica Barqah برقة Standard Arabic Fezzan Fezzan ⴼⵣⵣⴰⵏ Berber Fizzan فزان Standard Arabic Misrata Miṣratah مصراتة Standard Arabic Sirte Sirt سرت Standard Arabic Tripoli Ṭrables Berber Ṭarabulus طرابلس Standard Arabic Ṭrables طرابلس Maghrebi Arabic Tripolitania Ṭrables Berber Ṭarabulus طرابلس Standard Arabic Ṭrables طرابلس Maghrebi Arabic Lithuania edit nbsp Lithuania Lietuva English name Endonym Notes Name Language Neman river Nemunas Lithuanian Nieman river Nemunas Lithuanian Dated Samogitia Zemaitija Lithuanian Sudovia Suduva Lithuanian Yotvingia Dainava Lithuanian Vilna or Wilna Vilnius Lithuanian Obsolete Malaysia edit nbsp Malaysia English name Endonym Notes Name Language Malacca Melaka Malay Penang Island Pulau Pinang Malay Johore Johor Malay Mexico edit nbsp Mexico Mexico English name Endonym Notes Name Language Kino Bay Hermosillo Spanish Rocky Point Puerto Penasco Spanish Dated Moldova edit nbsp Moldova English name Endonym Notes Name Language Kishinev Chisinău Romanian Obsolete Mongolia edit nbsp Mongolia Monggol Ulus Mongol Ulc ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ English name Endonym Notes Name Language Gobi Desert Govi Gov ᠭᠣᠪᠢ Mongolian Ulan Bator Ulaanbaatar Ulaanbaatar ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ Mongolian Obsolete Morocco edit nbsp Morocco Al Magrib المغرب English name Endonym Notes Name Language Casablanca Ad Dar Al Bayḍa الدار البيضاء Standard Arabic Kaza كازا 19 Moroccan Arabic Informal name for the city Anfa ⴰⵏⴼⴰ Berber Fez Fas ⴼⴰⵙ Berber Fas فاس Standard Arabic Marrakesh Murrakus مراكش Standard Arabic Tangier Ṭanja ⵟⴰⵏⵊⴰ Berber Ṭanjah طنجة Standard Arabic The English name for the country derives from the city name Marrakesh 20 The Arabic name for the country al Magrib المغرب is Arabic for the west Myanmar edit nbsp Myanmar Myanma မ န မ English name Endonym Notes Name Language Mekong River Megaung Myit မ ခ င မ စ Burmese Naypyidaw Nay Pyi Taw န ပ ည တ Burmese Pagan Bagan ပ ဂ Burmese Dated Rangoon Yangon ရန က န မ Burmese Dated Ummerapoora Amarapura အမရပ ရ Burmese Dated Nepal edit nbsp Nepal Nepal न प ल English name Endonym Notes Name Language Mount Everest Sagarmatha सगरम थ Nepali Netherlands edit nbsp Netherlands Nederland English name Endonym Notes Name Language Brill Brielle Dutch Obsolete Dort Dordrecht Dutch Obsolete Flushing Vlissingen Dutch Obsolete Guelders Gelderland Dutch Dated Leyden Leiden Dutch Dated Meuse river Maas Dutch French name Rhine river Rijn Dutch Ryswick Rijswijk Dutch Obsolete The Hague Den Haag Dutch Norway edit nbsp Norway Noreg Norge English name Endonym Notes Name Language Bear Island Bjornoya Norwegian Translation North Cape Davvenjargga Northern Sami Nordkapp Norwegian Slagen Valley Slagndarn Tunsbergian Slagendalen Norwegian The Southland Sorlandet North Korea edit The inhabitants of North Korea prefer the official name of the country the Democratic People s Republic of Korea DPRK 21 Chosǒn or simply Korea nbsp North Korea Chosǒn 조선 English name Endonym Notes Name Language Diamond Mountain Kǔmkang san 금강산 Korean English now uses rough transliteration Mount Kumgang Paektu Mountain Paektu san 백두산 Korean Tumen River Tuman kang 두만강 Korean Mandarin name as the river borders China Yalu River Amnok kang 압록강 Korean Mandarin name as the river borders China Palestine edit nbsp Palestine Filasṭin فلسطين English name Endonym Notes Name Language Bethlehem Beyt Laḥm بيت لحم Levantine Arabic Bayta Laḥm بيت لحم Standard Arabic Gaza City Ġazzah غ ز ة Standard Arabic Hebron Al Ḵalil الخليل Standard Arabic Jericho Ariḥa أريحا Standard Arabic Jerusalem Al Quds الق دس Standard Arabic Latin name Jordan River Nahr al Urdun نهر الأردن Standard Arabic Philippines edit nbsp Philippines Pilipinas English name Endonym Notes Name Language Caloocan Kalookan Tagalog Cebu Sugbo Cebuano Davao Dabaw Cebuano Manila Maynila Tagalog Poland edit nbsp Poland Polska English name Endonym Notes Name Language Auschwitz Oswiecim Polish Dated German name Breslau Wroclaw Polish Dated German name Carpathian Mountains Karpaty Polish Cracow Krakow Polish Danzig Gdansk Polish Dated German name Galicia Galicja Polish Giant Mountains Karkonosze Polish Kashubia Kaszebe Kashubian Kaszuby Polish Kuyavia Kujawy Polish Mazovia Mazowsze Polish Mazuria Mazury Polish Oder river Odra Polish Pomerania Pomorze Polish Subcarpathia Podkarpacie Polish Sudetes Sudeten Sudeten Mountains Sudety Polish Silesia Slask Polish Slōnsk Silesian Vistula river Wisla Polish Warsaw Warszawa Polish Portugal edit nbsp Portugal English name Endonym Notes Name Language Azores Acores Portuguese Spanish name Braganza Braganca Portuguese Dated Spanish name Lisbon Lisboa Portuguese Oporto Porto Portuguese Obsolete Tagus river Tejo Portuguese Latin name Romania edit nbsp Romania Romania English name Endonym Notes Name Language Bucharest București Romanian Carpathian Mountains Carpați Romanian Danube River Dunărea Romanian Jassy Iași 22 Romanian Obsolete Northern Dobruja Dobrogea Romanian Romanian half of former Dobruja region Transylvania Transilvania Romanian Wallachia Țara Romanească Valahia Romanian Russia edit nbsp Russia Rossiya Rossiya English name Endonym Notes Name Language Archangel Arkhangelsk Arhangelsk Russian Dated Black Sea Chernoje Chernoe Russian Caucasus Kavkaz Kavkaz Russian Caspian Sea Kaspijskoje more Kaspijskoe more Russian Grozny Solƶa Ġala Solzha GӀala Chechen Groznyj Groznyj Russian Moscow Moskva Moskva Russian Orel Oryol Oryol Russian Obsolete Pacific Ocean Tikhiy okean Tihij okean Russian Plescow Pskov Pskov Russian Obsolete Saint Petersburg Sankt Peterburg Sankt Peterburg Russian Siberia Sibir Sibir Russian Saudi Arabia edit nbsp Saudi Arabia As Sa udiyah السعودية English name Endonym Notes Name Language Arabian Sea Al Baḥr al Arabi البحر العربي Standard Arabic Empty Quarter Rub al Khali ٱلر ب ع ٱل خ ال ي Standard Arabic Gulf of Aden Ḫaliǧ ʻAdan خليج عدن Standard Arabic Jeddah Jiddah ج د ة Standard Arabic Mecca Makkah مکة Standard Arabic Medina Al Madinah المدينة Standard Arabic Persian Gulf Xalij e fars خلیج فارس Farsi Al Khalij al ˁArabi ا ل خ ل ي ج ٱل ع ر ب ي Standard Arabic Red Sea Al Baḥr al ʾAḥmar البحر الأحمر Standard Arabic Riyadh Er Riyaḍ الرياض Najdi Arabic Ar Riyaḍ الرياض Standard Arabic Serbia edit nbsp Serbia Srbija Srbiјa English name Endonym Notes Name Language Balkan Mountains Stara Planina Stara Planina Serbian Belgrade Beograd Beograd Serbian French name Danube river Dunav Dunav Serbian Slovakia edit nbsp Slovakia Slovensko English name Endonym Notes Name Language Carpathian Mountains Karpaty Slovak Cassovia Kosice Slovak Latin name Danube river Dunaj Slovak Gerlach Peak Gerlachovsky stit Slovak Maple Mountains Javorniky Slovak Slovak Ore Mountains Slovenske rudohorie Slovak Slovenia edit nbsp Slovenia Slovenija English name Endonym Notes Name Language Carinthia Koroska Slovene Inner Carniola Notranjska Slovene Karawanks Karavanke Slovene Karst Kras Slovene Lower Carniola Dolenjska Slovene Slovene Littoral Primorska Slovene Styria Stajerska Slovene Upper Carniola Gorenjska Slovene Somalia edit nbsp Somalia Soomaaliya English name Endonym Notes Name Language Baidoa Baydhabo Somali Chisimaio Kismaayo Somali Obsolete Mogadishu Muqdisho Somali Villabruzzi Jowhaar Somali Dated South Africa edit Many South African towns have multiple names due to the number of languages Additionally some places have been renamed from English and Afrikaans nbsp South Africa English name Endonym Notes Name Language Aliwal North Maletswai Sotho Cape Town ǁHui gaeb Khoekhoe Kaapstad Afrikaans iKapa Xhosa Fish Hoek Vishoek Afrikaans Grahamstown Grahamstad Afrikaans Dated in Afrikaans and English iRhini Xhosa Makhanda iRhini Xhosa Queenstown Komani Sotho Simon s Town Simonstad Afrikaans South Korea edit nbsp South Korea Hanguk 한국 English name Endonym Notes Name Language Liancourt Rocks Dokdo 독도 Korean Port Hamilton Geomundo 거문도 Korean Pusan Busan 부산시 Korean Dated Quelpart Jeju 제주도 Korean Obsolete Spain edit English uses Spanish language exonyms for some places in non Spanish speaking regions of Spain nbsp Spain Espana English name Endonym Notes Name Language Andalusia Andalucia Spanish Basque Country Pais Vasco Spanish Euskadi Basque Biscay Bizkaia Basque Vizcaya Spanish Castile Castilla Spanish Catalonia Catalunya Catalan Latin name Corunna A Coruna Galician Obsolete Douro Duero Spanish Portuguese name Majorca Mallorca Catalan Dated Minorca Menorca Catalan Dated Navarre Nafarroa Basque Pampeluna Pamplona Spanish Dated Saragossa Zaragoza Spanish Dated Seville Sevilla Spanish Tagus Tajo Spanish Latin name Teneriffe Tenerife Spanish Obsolete French name The Groyne A Coruna Galician Obsolete Vittoria Vitoria Gasteiz Compound of the Spanish and Basque names often used separately Dated Vitorixe Basque form of Spanish name Sri Lanka edit Sri Lanka was known as Ceylon in English until 1972 nbsp Sri Lanka Shri Lanka ශ ර ල ක Ilaṅkai இலங க English name Endonym Notes Name Language Adam s Peak Civaṉoḷipatam ச வன ள ப தம Civaṉaṭipatam ச வனட ப தம Tamil Sri Pada ශ ර ප ද Sinhala Batticaloa Maṭṭakkaḷappu மட டக களப ப Tamil Madakalapuwa මඩකලප ව Sinhala Chilaw Cilapam ச ல பம Tamil Halawta හල වත Sinhala Colombo Kolamba ක ළඹ Sinhala Kolumpu க ழ ம ப Tamil Delft Neṭuntivu ந ட ந த வ Tamil Ḍelfṭ ඩ ල ෆ ට Sinhala Galle Galla ග ල ල Sinhala Kali க ல Tamil Jaffna Yaḻppaṇam ய ழ ப ப ணம Tamil Yapanaya ය පනය Sinhala Kandy Kaṇṭi கண ட Tamil Mahanuwara මහන වර Sinhala Kayts urkavaṟtuṟai ஊர க வற த ற Tamil Kayiṭs කය ට ස Sinhala Mutwal Modara ම දර Sinhala Mukattuvaram ம கத த வ ரம Tamil Negombo Meegumuwa ම ගම ව Sinhala Nirkolompu ந ர க ழ ம ப Tamil Point Pedro Paruttittuṟai பர த த த த ற Tamil Peduru Tuḍuva ප ද ර ත ඩ ව Sinhala Trincomalee Tirukōṇamalai த ர க ணமல Tamil Thrikunamalaya ත ර ක ණ මළය Sinhala Sudan edit nbsp Sudan As Sudan السودان English name Endonym Notes Name Language Khartoum Al Ḵurṭum الخ رطوم Standard Arabic El Ḵortum الخ رطوم Sudanese Arabic Nile River An Nil النيل Standard Arabic En Nil النيل Sudanese Arabic Omdurman Omm Dorman أ م درمان Sudanese Arabic Umm Durman أ م درمان Standard Arabic Port Sudan Burtusudan بورتسودان Standard Arabic Bar uut Beja Sweden edit nbsp Sweden Sverige English name Endonym Notes Name Language Dalecarlia Dalarna Elfdalian Latin name Swedish name also used Swedish Gothenburg Goteborg Swedish North Bothnia Norrbotten Swedish Swedish name also used Scania Skane Swedish Latin name The Dales Dalarna Elfdalian Obsolete translation of Swedish name Swedish West Bothnia Vasterbotten Swedish Swedish name also used in English Switzerland edit See also List of English exonyms for German toponyms Historically English language sources borrowed French language names for some places in German speaking Switzerland This is no longer done and many sources now use German names for most Swiss German speaking places 23 nbsp Switzerland Schweiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra English name Endonym Notes Name Language Basle Basel Standard German Obsolete Berne Bern Standard German Obsolete Geneva Geneve French Genf Standard German Lucerne Luzern Standard German Rhine River Rhein Standard German Valais Wallis Standard German Syria edit nbsp Syria Suriyah سورية English name Endonym Notes Name Language Aleppo Ḥalab ح ل ب Standard Arabic Levantine Arabic Damascus Dimasq د م ش ق Standard Arabic Dimas د م ش ق Levantine Arabic Euphrates River Al Furat الفرات Standard Arabic Homs Ḥimṣ ح م ص Standard Arabic Ḥumṣ ح م ص Levantine Arabic Palmyra Tadmur ت د م ر Standard Arabic Levantine Arabic Latakia Al Laḏiqiyah اللاذقية Standard Arabic El Ladi iyyeh اللاذقية Levantine Arabic Thailand edit Thailand was known as Siam in English until the Siamese revolution of 1932 nbsp Thailand Prathet Thai praethsithy English name Endonym Notes Name Language Bangkok Krung Thep krungethph Thai Bangkok was the name of a village built on the west bank of the Chao Phraya river before it grew and became the new capital of Siam after the fall of Ayutthaya in 1767 24 The city is called Krung Thep among Thai citizens but Bangkok among non Thai citizens The Thai government has attempted to change the official English name to Krung Thep but the unofficial name of Bangkok remains in common use Mekong River Maenam Khong aemnaokhng Thai Singora Songkhla sngkhla Thai Obsolete Taiwan edit This section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section Unsourced material may be challenged and removed May 2023 Learn how and when to remove this message The main island of Taiwan is also known in English as Formosa All Chinese names below are written in traditional characters As mentioned above in the China section many place names in Taiwan use either pinyin or Wade Giles See also Chinese language romanization in Taiwan nbsp Taiwan 臺灣 English name Endonym Notes Name Language Pehoe Phiⁿ o Hokkien Penghu 澎湖 Mandarin Obsolete from Min Nan name Pheno Pescadores Phiⁿ o Hokkien Penghu 澎湖 Mandarin Dated Portuguese name Quemoy Kimoi Hokkien Kinmen 金門 Mandarin Possibly a Spanish or Portuguese transcription of the Zhengzhou Hokkien name for the city Kim mui 25 Tunisia edit nbsp Tunisia Tunis تونس English name Endonym Notes Name Language Gabes Gabes قابس Maghrebi Arabic Pronounced similar to English name Qabis قابس Standard Arabic Sfax Sifaks ⵙⵉⴼⴰⴽⵙ Berber Ṣfaqes صفاقس Maghrebi Arabic Ṣafaqus صفاقس Standard Arabic Sousse Susa Berber Suseh سوسة Maghrebi Arabic Susah سوسة Standard Arabic Turkey edit nbsp Turkey Turkiye English name Endonym Notes Name Language Adalia Antalya Turkish Dated Adrianople Edirne Turkish Dated Alexandretta Iskenderun Turkish Dated Anemurium Anamur Turkish Dated Antioch Antakya Turkish Dated Bosphorus Boǧazici Turkish Byzantium Istanbul Turkish Obsolete Caeserea Kayseri Turkish Dated Cappadocia Kapadokya Turkish Claudiopolis Mut Turkish Dated Constantinople Istanbul Turkish Dated Dardanelles Canakkale Boǧazi Turkish Edessa Sanli urfa Turkish Dated Ephesus Efes Turkish Dated Euphrates River Firat Turkish Gallipoli Gelibolu Turkish Dated Halicarnassus Bodrum Turkish Dated Heraclea Pontica Karadeniz Ereǧli Turkish Dated Iconium Konya Turkish Dated Imbros Gokceada Turkish Greek name Istanbul Istanbul Turkish Some consider Istanbul to be an English exonym of Istanbul 26 Normally spelled without I in English even in sources which would otherwise use it 27 Kerasous Giresun Turkish Dated Laranda Karaman Turkish Dated Magnesia ad Sipylum Manisa Turkish Dated Nicaea Iznik Turkish Dated Nicomedia Izmit Turkish Dated Pergamon Bergama Turkish Dated Philadelphia Alasehir Turkish Dated Prusa Bursa Turkish Dated Scutari Uskudar Turkish Dated 28 Seleucia Silifke Turkish Dated Smyrna Izmir Turkish Dated Tenedos Bozcaada Turkish Greek name Thrace Trakya Turkish Tigris River Dicle Turkish Tralles Aydin Turkish Dated Trebizond Trabzon Turkish Dated In June 2022 the United Nations agreed to change the country s official name in English as Turkiye at the request of the Turkish government 29 However the majority of English speakers still refer to the country as Turkey in daily use Ukraine edit nbsp Ukraine Ukrayina Ukrayina English name Endonym Notes Name Language Black Sea Chorne Chorne Ukrainian Carpathian Ruthenia Karpatska Rus Karpatska Rus Ukrainian Historic region Carpathian Ukraine Karpatska Ukrayina Karpatska Ukrayina Ukrainian Historic region Chernobyl Chornobyl Chornobil Ukrainian Russian name Crimea Krym Krim Ukrainian Region claimed by Russia but many nations do not recognize it as part of Russia 30 Danube River Dunai Dunaj Ukrainian Galicia Halychyna Galichina Ukrainian Historic region Gorlovka Horlivka Gorlivka Ukrainian Archaic Russian name Kharkov Kharkiv Harkiv Ukrainian Archaic Russian name Kiev Kyiv Kiyiv Ukrainian Russian name though the Russian endonym Kiev prevailed after the Soviet Union ended in 1991 in the late 2010s media outlets and governments began using Kyiv at the request of the Ukrainian government Krivoy Rog Kryvyi Rih Krivii Rig Ukrainian Archaic Russian name Podolia Podillia Podillya Ukrainian Historic region Subcarpathia Pidkarpattia Pidkarpattya Ukrainian Historic region Subcarpathian Ruthenia Subcarpathian Rus Pidkarpatska Rus Pidkarpatska Rus Ukrainian Historic region Transcarpathia Zakarpattia Zakarpattya Ukrainian Transcarpathian Ukraine Zakarpatska Ukrayina Zakarpatska Ukrayina Ukrainian Volhynia Volyn Volin Ukrainian Historic region United Kingdom edit The places listed are where non English local languages are mainly used or where the non English names do not regularly correspond to the English one nbsp United Kingdom English name Endonym Notes Name Language Aberdovey Aberdyfi Welsh Dated Abergavenny Y Fenni Welsh Achmore An t Acha Mor Scottish Gaelic Aird of Sleat Aird Shleite Scottish Gaelic Alexandria Magh Leamhna Scottish Gaelic Ammanford Rhydaman Welsh Anglesey Ynys Mon Welsh Applecross A Chomraich Scottish Gaelic Ardvasar Aird a Bhasair Scottish Gaelic Arinagour Airigh na Gobhar Scottish Gaelic Bala Lake Llyn Tegid Welsh Balivanich Baile a Mhanaich Scottish Gaelic Ballygrant Baile a Ghrana Scottish Gaelic Bardsey Island Ynys Enlli Welsh Barmouth Abermaw orY Bermo Welsh Barra Barraigh Scottish Gaelic Barvas Barabhas Scottish Gaelic Bayble Pabail Scottish Gaelic Bearsden Cille Phadraig Ur Scottish Gaelic Formerly Kilpatrick Beauly A Mhanachainn Scottish Gaelic Beaumaris Biwmaris Welsh Benbecula Beinn na Fadhla Scottish Gaelic Bernisdale Bearnasdal Scottish Gaelic Bishopbriggs Coille Dobhair Scottish Gaelic Formerly Cadder Bonvilston Tresimwn Welsh Borrowstounness Bo ness Ceann an Fhail Scottish Gaelic Formerly Kinneil Bowmore Bogh Mor Scottish Gaelic Bracadale Bracadal Scottish Gaelic Brecknockshirenowadays usually Breconshire Brycheiniog Welsh Brecon Aberhonddu Welsh Brecon Beacons Bannau Brycheiniog Welsh Bridgend Scotland Beul an Atha Scottish Gaelic Bridgend Wales Pen y bont ar Ogwr Welsh Breasclete Breascleit Scottish Gaelic Broadford An t Ath Leathann Scottish Gaelic Buckley Bwcle Welsh Builth Wells Llanfair ym Muallt Welsh Caerleon Caerllion Welsh Ca e rnavon Caernarfon Welsh Dated Cairngorms Am Monadh Ruadh Scottish Gaelic Cairnryan Machair An Sgithich Cairn Rioghainne Scottish Gaelic Callinish Calanais Scottish Gaelic Caldey Island Ynys Bŷr Welsh Calgary Calgarraidh Scottish Gaelic Camastianavaig Camas Dionabhaig Scottish Gaelic Campbeltown Ceann Loch Chille Chiaran Scottish Gaelic Cardiff Caerdydd Welsh Cardigan Aberteifi Welsh Carinish Cairinis Scottish Gaelic Carloway Carlabhag Scottish Gaelic Carmarthen Caerfyrddin Welsh Castlebay Bagh a Chaisteal Scottish Gaelic Cardiganshire Ceredigion Welsh Dated Chepstow Cas gwent Welsh Chirk Y Waun Welsh Cleadale Cleadail Scottish Gaelic Coll Cola Scottish Gaelic Colonsay Colbhasa Scottish Gaelic Conway Conwy Welsh Dated Cowbridge Y Bont faen Welsh Craighouse Taigh na Creige Scottish Gaelic Craignure Craig an Iobhar Scottish Gaelic Daliburgh Dalabrog Scottish Gaelic Denbigh Dinbych a, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
