Lower Carniola is delineated by the Ljubljana Basin with the city of Ljubljana to the northwest, by the Kolpa River and the border with Croatia with the Gorjanci Mountains to the south and southeast, by the Sava River to the north and northeast, and by Mount Krim, the Bloke Plateau, and the Potok Plateau (Slovene: Potočanska planota) to the west. The southernmost region down to the border with Croatia on the Kolpa River is called White Carniola and usually considered part of Lower Carniola.[1]
In the 17th century, the Habsburg duchy of Carniola was internally divided into three administrative districts. This division was thoroughly described by the scholar Johann Weikhard von Valvasor in his 1689 work The Glory of the Duchy of Carniola. The districts were known in German as Kreise (kresija in old Slovene). They were: Upper Carniola with its centre in Ljubljana (formerly Kranj), comprising the northern areas of the duchy; Inner Carniola comprising the southwest, with its centre in Postojna, and Lower Carniola in the southeast, roughly corresponding to the medieval Windic March of the Holy Roman Empire. While the bulk of the population spoke Slovene, the German-speaking exclave of the Gottschee Germans existed around Kočevje in the south.
This division remained, in various arrangements, up to the 1860s, when the old administrative districts were abolished and Lower Carniola was subdivided into the smaller Bezirke of Novo Mesto (Rudolfswert), Kočevje (Gottschee), and Krško (Gurkfeld). Nevertheless, the regional identity remained strong also thereafter. Upon the dissolution of Austria-Hungary after World War I, Carniola was incorporated first into the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs and then into the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes and it ceased to exist as a separate political and geographical unit. The Carniolan regional identity soon faded away, but the regional identification with its sub-units (Upper Carniola, Lower Carniola, and, to a lesser extent, Inner Carniola) remain strong.
Since the 1890s, Lower Carniola has become significantly more connected with the surrounding regions through the construction of the Ljubljana–Novo Mesto Railway (1894), Sevnica–Trebnje Railway (1908, 1938), and the Brotherhood and Unity Highway (1958) linking Ljubljana and Zagreb.[2] In the early 21st century the Brotherhood and Unity Highway was replaced with the modern A2 motorway (completed in 2011).[3][4]
^Ferenc, Tone. 1988. "Dolenjska." Enciklopedija Slovenije, vol. 2, pp. 287–298. Ljubljana: Mladinska knjiga, p. 287.
^Topole, Maja (1998). "Promet" [Transport]. Mirnska dolina: regionalna geografija porečja Mirne na Dolenjskem [Mirna Valley: The Regional Geography of the Mirna Basin in the Lower Carniola] (in Slovenian). Znanstvenoraziskovalni center Slovenske akademije znanosti in umetnosti. p. 155. ISBN961-6182-64-1.
^Bole, David; Gabrovec, Matej (2012). "Daily Commuters in Slovenia" (PDF). Geografski Vestnik. 84 (1): 177.
^"Slovenian A2 Motorway Completed". Government Communication Office, Republic of Slovenia. 28 October 2011.
External linksedit
Media related to Lower Carniola at Wikimedia Commons
lower, carniola, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, august, 20. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Lower Carniola news newspapers books scholar JSTOR August 2013 Learn how and when to remove this message Lower Carniola Slovene Dolenjska German Unterkrain is a traditional region in Slovenia the southeastern part of the historical Carniola region Lower CarniolaTraditional regionTypical Lower Carniolan landscape in Sveti Vrh1714 map of Carniola by Johann Homann Lower Carniola in greenCountrySloveniaElevation400 m 1 300 ft Traditional regions of Slovenia LittoralCarniola 2a Upper 2b Inner 2c LowerCarinthiaStyriaPrekmurje Contents 1 Geography 2 History 3 Culture 4 Image gallery 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksGeography editLower Carniola is delineated by the Ljubljana Basin with the city of Ljubljana to the northwest by the Kolpa River and the border with Croatia with the Gorjanci Mountains to the south and southeast by the Sava River to the north and northeast and by Mount Krim the Bloke Plateau and the Potok Plateau Slovene Potocanska planota to the west The southernmost region down to the border with Croatia on the Kolpa River is called White Carniola and usually considered part of Lower Carniola 1 Within the Kocevje Rog karst plateau the mountains reach an elevation of up to 1 099 m 3 606 ft The historic centre of Lower Carniola is Novo Mesto and other towns include Kocevje Grosuplje Krsko Trebnje Mirna Crnomelj Semic and Metlika History editIn the 17th century the Habsburg duchy of Carniola was internally divided into three administrative districts This division was thoroughly described by the scholar Johann Weikhard von Valvasor in his 1689 work The Glory of the Duchy of Carniola The districts were known in German as Kreise kresija in old Slovene They were Upper Carniola with its centre in Ljubljana formerly Kranj comprising the northern areas of the duchy Inner Carniola comprising the southwest with its centre in Postojna and Lower Carniola in the southeast roughly corresponding to the medieval Windic March of the Holy Roman Empire While the bulk of the population spoke Slovene the German speaking exclave of the Gottschee Germans existed around Kocevje in the south This division remained in various arrangements up to the 1860s when the old administrative districts were abolished and Lower Carniola was subdivided into the smaller Bezirke of Novo Mesto Rudolfswert Kocevje Gottschee and Krsko Gurkfeld Nevertheless the regional identity remained strong also thereafter Upon the dissolution of Austria Hungary after World War I Carniola was incorporated first into the State of Slovenes Croats and Serbs and then into the Kingdom of Serbs Croats and Slovenes and it ceased to exist as a separate political and geographical unit The Carniolan regional identity soon faded away but the regional identification with its sub units Upper Carniola Lower Carniola and to a lesser extent Inner Carniola remain strong Since the 1890s Lower Carniola has become significantly more connected with the surrounding regions through the construction of the Ljubljana Novo Mesto Railway 1894 Sevnica Trebnje Railway 1908 1938 and the Brotherhood and Unity Highway 1958 linking Ljubljana and Zagreb 2 In the early 21st century the Brotherhood and Unity Highway was replaced with the modern A2 motorway completed in 2011 3 4 Culture editSince 2013 Woodland pristava an annual electronic dance music festival has been held at the Pristava in Sticna Image gallery edit nbsp Novo Mesto nbsp Sticna Abbey nbsp Zuzemberk nbsp Kostanjevica na Krki Monastery nbsp Mirna Castle nbsp Rural landscape near Trebnje nbsp Lower Carniolan folk costumesSee also editLower Carniolan dialect group Gottscheerish Southeast Slovenia Statistical RegionReferences edit Ferenc Tone 1988 Dolenjska Enciklopedija Slovenije vol 2 pp 287 298 Ljubljana Mladinska knjiga p 287 Topole Maja 1998 Promet Transport Mirnska dolina regionalna geografija porecja Mirne na Dolenjskem Mirna Valley The Regional Geography of the Mirna Basin in the Lower Carniola in Slovenian Znanstvenoraziskovalni center Slovenske akademije znanosti in umetnosti p 155 ISBN 961 6182 64 1 Bole David Gabrovec Matej 2012 Daily Commuters in Slovenia PDF Geografski Vestnik 84 1 177 Slovenian A2 Motorway Completed Government Communication Office Republic of Slovenia 28 October 2011 External links edit nbsp Media related to Lower Carniola at Wikimedia Commons 45 52 00 N 14 59 00 E 45 86667 N 14 98333 E 45 86667 14 98333 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Lower Carniola amp oldid 1212182073, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
