At the 2006 census, its population was 161,674 in 25,158 households.[3] The following census in 2011 counted 195,222 people in 52,204 households.[4] The latest census in 2016 showed a population of 223,504 people in 63,820 households.[2]
The roots of the name "Bushehr" are uncertain. It is unlikely that it is derived from Abū Šahr ("father of the city"), a theory which remains popular. It may be an abbreviation of Bokht-Ardashir ("Ardashir has given"), though this is not backed by any conclusive evidence.[5][6]
History
Origins
A number of alleged premodern references to Bushehr, including the first made by an Arab geographer in 1225, have been disputed as perhaps alluding to the modern city of Reishahr, a harbor 10 km to the south, where archaeological evidence points to the presence of a much older settlement.[5] Reishahr is also most likely equivalent to the town of Mesambria, a place the Greeks knew since the campaign of Nearchus (died 300 BC), and which also has been occasionally identified with Bushehr.[6]
Similar to other fishing and pearling villages in southern Iran, Bushehr was inhabited and managed by Arabs from the other side of the Persian Gulf. It was first during the early 19th-century, that direct Iranian control was established there.[5]
Rise
In 1734, the Iranian military commander Nader made Bushehr (then still a minor fishing village) the headquarters of the Persian Gulf fleet that he sought to create.[6][5] This marked the start of Bushehr's rising importance. In order to build a massive warship, Nader even brought heavy wood from Mazandaran's forests, which was 1,000 km away from Bushehr. The shell of this ship drew notice from European travelers for the next 50 years. The naval aspirations of Nader ended when he was murdered in 1747, but Bushehr continued to serve as an prominent port for at least the following 150 years. Between 1737–1753, the Dutch East India Company ran a trading facility there.[5]
Aside from Bushehr's strategic significance—being situated 300 km from Shiraz and 600 km from that of Ottoman-ruled Basra—the place offered few benefits and numerous drawbacks. The town and its surrounding area were somewhat shielded by the interior's hilly terrain and narrow gorges, but were still vulnerable to pirate intrusion. In the 19th century, European ships had to dock around four kilometers offshore and transfer freight and passengers through small boats due to the shallow path to both the shoreline and the bay. Despite the numerous windcatchers on top of the houses, the water in the wells was salty, and the summer heat and humidity were unbearable.[5]
The main commercial port of Iran
Bushehr soon replaced Bandar Abbas as the country's most important commercial port. This was because of Iran's political and economic centre being moved to Shiraz under the Zand ruler Karim Khan Zand (r. 1751–1779), who had established his authority in western Iran.[5][6]
Bushehr has a hot semi-arid climate (Köppen: BSh) with a precipitation pattern resembling a Mediterranean climate, albeit it is both too hot and dry for too long to qualify as such, by a wide margin, due to the threshold for hot climates being much higher in terms of required rainfall.
Bushehr is twelve kilometres from the site of the Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant being built in cooperation with Russia. The work was begun by the Bonn firm Kraftwerk Union [de] A.G., a unit of Siemens AG, which contracted to build two nuclear reactors based on a contract worth $4 to $6 billion, signed in 1975.
Work stopped in January 1979, and Kraftwerk Union fully withdrew from the project in July 1979, with one reactor 50% complete, and the other reactor 85% complete. They said they based their action on Iran's non-payment of $450 million in overdue payments. The company had received $2.5 billion of the total contract. Their cancellation came following the 1979 Iranian Revolution. Iran subsequently requested that Siemens finish construction, but Siemens declined. Shortly afterward Iraq invaded Iran and the nuclear programme was stopped until the end of the war. The reactors were damaged by multiple Iraqi airstrikes between March 1984 and 1988.[14]
In 1995, Russia signed a contract to supply a light water reactor for the plant (the contract is believed to be valued between $700 million and $1.2 billion USD). The agreement calls for the spent fuel rods to be sent back to Russia for reprocessing. The plant started adding electricity to the national grid on 3 September 2011,[15] and was officially opened in a ceremony on 12 September 2011.[citation needed]
^OpenStreetMap contributors (30 March 2023). "Bushehr, Bushehr County" (Map). OpenStreetMap. Retrieved 30 March 2023.
^ ab. AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 18. Archived from the original (Excel) on 3 August 2017. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
^. AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 18. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
^"Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011)" (Excel). Iran Data Portal (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 18. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
bushehr, bushir, redirects, here, village, hormozgan, province, bushir, hormozgan, administrative, divisions, province, county, persian, بوشهر, buːˈʃe, listen, also, known, bandar, city, central, district, county, province, iran, port, city, capital, province,. Bushir redirects here For the village in Hormozgan Province see Bushir Hormozgan For the administrative divisions see Bushehr province and Bushehr County Bushehr Persian بوشهر buːˈʃe h ɾ listen also known as Bandar e Bushehr is a city in the Central District of Bushehr County Bushehr province Iran It is a port city and the capital of the province Bushehr Persian بوشهرCityPanoramic Tower clock at night Malek Palace Amiriya Mansion Saadat schoolBushehrCoordinates 28 55 35 N 50 51 05 E 28 92639 N 50 85139 E 28 92639 50 85139 Coordinates 28 55 35 N 50 51 05 E 28 92639 N 50 85139 E 28 92639 50 85139 1 CountryIranProvinceBushehrCountyBushehrDistrictCentralElevation18 m 59 ft Population 2016 2 City223 504 Metro398 581Time zoneUTC 3 30 IRST ClimateBShWebsitewww wbr bushehrcity wbr ir wbr en www wbr bushehrcity wbr irAt the 2006 census its population was 161 674 in 25 158 households 3 The following census in 2011 counted 195 222 people in 52 204 households 4 The latest census in 2016 showed a population of 223 504 people in 63 820 households 2 Contents 1 Etymology 2 History 2 1 Origins 2 2 Rise 2 3 The main commercial port of Iran 3 Demographics 4 Climate 5 Nuclear development 6 References 7 Sources 8 External linksEtymology EditThe roots of the name Bushehr are uncertain It is unlikely that it is derived from Abu Sahr father of the city a theory which remains popular It may be an abbreviation of Bokht Ardashir Ardashir has given though this is not backed by any conclusive evidence 5 6 History EditOrigins Edit A number of alleged premodern references to Bushehr including the first made by an Arab geographer in 1225 have been disputed as perhaps alluding to the modern city of Reishahr a harbor 10 km to the south where archaeological evidence points to the presence of a much older settlement 5 Reishahr is also most likely equivalent to the town of Mesambria a place the Greeks knew since the campaign of Nearchus died 300 BC and which also has been occasionally identified with Bushehr 6 Similar to other fishing and pearling villages in southern Iran Bushehr was inhabited and managed by Arabs from the other side of the Persian Gulf It was first during the early 19th century that direct Iranian control was established there 5 Rise Edit In 1734 the Iranian military commander Nader made Bushehr then still a minor fishing village the headquarters of the Persian Gulf fleet that he sought to create 6 5 This marked the start of Bushehr s rising importance In order to build a massive warship Nader even brought heavy wood from Mazandaran s forests which was 1 000 km away from Bushehr The shell of this ship drew notice from European travelers for the next 50 years The naval aspirations of Nader ended when he was murdered in 1747 but Bushehr continued to serve as an prominent port for at least the following 150 years Between 1737 1753 the Dutch East India Company ran a trading facility there 5 Aside from Bushehr s strategic significance being situated 300 km from Shiraz and 600 km from that of Ottoman ruled Basra the place offered few benefits and numerous drawbacks The town and its surrounding area were somewhat shielded by the interior s hilly terrain and narrow gorges but were still vulnerable to pirate intrusion In the 19th century European ships had to dock around four kilometers offshore and transfer freight and passengers through small boats due to the shallow path to both the shoreline and the bay Despite the numerous windcatchers on top of the houses the water in the wells was salty and the summer heat and humidity were unbearable 5 The main commercial port of Iran Edit Bushehr soon replaced Bandar Abbas as the country s most important commercial port This was because of Iran s political and economic centre being moved to Shiraz under the Zand ruler Karim Khan Zand r 1751 1779 who had established his authority in western Iran 5 6 Demographics EditLinguistic composition of the city 7 Bushehr Iran linguistic compositionlanguage percentMixed 50 Bushehri 25 Tehrani Persian 15 Arabic 9 95 Koroshi Balochi 0 05 Climate EditBushehr has a hot semi arid climate Koppen BSh with a precipitation pattern resembling a Mediterranean climate albeit it is both too hot and dry for too long to qualify as such by a wide margin due to the threshold for hot climates being much higher in terms of required rainfall Climate data for Bushehr 1951 2010 Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec YearRecord high C F 30 0 86 0 32 0 89 6 38 0 100 4 42 5 108 5 47 0 116 6 48 6 119 5 50 0 122 0 47 0 116 6 46 0 114 8 41 0 105 8 34 5 94 1 32 0 89 6 50 0 122 0 Average high C F 18 6 65 5 20 2 68 4 24 2 75 6 29 6 85 3 34 5 94 1 36 4 97 5 37 8 100 0 38 1 100 6 36 6 97 9 32 9 91 2 26 6 79 9 21 0 69 8 29 7 85 5 Daily mean C F 14 5 58 1 15 8 60 4 19 3 66 7 24 3 75 7 29 0 84 2 31 4 88 5 33 1 91 6 33 3 91 9 30 8 87 4 26 9 80 4 21 3 70 3 16 5 61 7 24 7 76 5 Average low C F 10 3 50 5 11 4 52 5 14 4 57 9 18 9 66 0 23 6 74 5 26 3 79 3 28 4 83 1 28 4 83 1 25 1 77 2 20 9 69 6 16 0 60 8 12 0 53 6 19 6 67 3 Record low C F 1 0 30 2 2 5 36 5 5 0 41 0 8 0 46 4 14 0 57 2 18 0 64 4 21 0 69 8 22 0 71 6 17 0 62 6 12 0 53 6 5 0 41 0 2 0 35 6 1 0 30 2 Average precipitation mm inches 78 5 3 09 31 8 1 25 22 4 0 88 8 6 0 34 2 6 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 01 0 0 0 0 5 7 0 22 39 4 1 55 78 7 3 10 268 0 10 55 Average precipitation days 1 0 mm 5 9 3 4 3 1 1 7 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 2 7 5 3 22 0Average relative humidity 75 72 66 60 56 58 61 65 65 66 66 73 65Mean monthly sunshine hours 199 1 195 4 217 4 232 0 292 5 329 7 314 0 320 9 293 8 279 0 227 3 193 5 3 094 6Source Iran Meteorological Organization records 8 temperatures 9 precipitation 10 humidity 11 days with precipitation 12 sunshine 13 Nuclear development EditMain article Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant Bushehr is twelve kilometres from the site of the Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant being built in cooperation with Russia The work was begun by the Bonn firm Kraftwerk Union de A G a unit of Siemens AG which contracted to build two nuclear reactors based on a contract worth 4 to 6 billion signed in 1975 Work stopped in January 1979 and Kraftwerk Union fully withdrew from the project in July 1979 with one reactor 50 complete and the other reactor 85 complete They said they based their action on Iran s non payment of 450 million in overdue payments The company had received 2 5 billion of the total contract Their cancellation came following the 1979 Iranian Revolution Iran subsequently requested that Siemens finish construction but Siemens declined Shortly afterward Iraq invaded Iran and the nuclear programme was stopped until the end of the war The reactors were damaged by multiple Iraqi airstrikes between March 1984 and 1988 14 In 1995 Russia signed a contract to supply a light water reactor for the plant the contract is believed to be valued between 700 million and 1 2 billion USD The agreement calls for the spent fuel rods to be sent back to Russia for reprocessing The plant started adding electricity to the national grid on 3 September 2011 15 and was officially opened in a ceremony on 12 September 2011 citation needed Iran portalReferences Edit OpenStreetMap contributors 30 March 2023 Bushehr Bushehr County Map OpenStreetMap Retrieved 30 March 2023 a b Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran 1395 2016 AMAR in Persian The Statistical Center of Iran p 18 Archived from the original Excel on 3 August 2017 Retrieved 19 December 2022 Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran 1385 2006 AMAR in Persian The Statistical Center of Iran p 18 Archived from the original Excel on 20 September 2011 Retrieved 25 September 2022 Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran 1390 2011 Excel Iran Data Portal in Persian The Statistical Center of Iran p 18 Retrieved 19 December 2022 a b c d e f g Perry 2017 a b c d de Planhol 1990 Language distribution Bushehr Province Iran Atlas 2015 Retrieved 31 January 2023 Highest record temperature in Bushehr by Month 1951 2010 Iran Meteorological Organization Archived from the original on October 5 2018 Retrieved April 8 2015 Lowest record temperature in Bushehr by Month 1951 2010 Iran Meteorological Organization Archived from the original on October 5 2018 Retrieved April 8 2015 Average Maximum temperature in Bushehr by Month 1951 2010 Iran Meteorological Organization Archived from the original on March 6 2016 Retrieved April 8 2015 Average Mean Daily temperature in Bushehr by Month 1951 2010 Iran Meteorological Organization Archived from the original on April 27 2018 Retrieved April 8 2015 Average Minimum temperature in Bushehr by Month 1951 2010 Iran Meteorological Organization Archived from the original on March 6 2016 Retrieved April 8 2015 Monthly Total Precipitation in Bushehr by Month 1951 2010 Iran Meteorological Organization Archived from the original on May 16 2018 Retrieved April 8 2015 Average relative humidity in Bushehr by Month 1951 2010 Iran Meteorological Organization Archived from the original on March 6 2016 Retrieved April 8 2015 No Of days with precipitation equal to or greater than 1 mm in Bushehr by Month 1951 2010 Iran Meteorological Organization Archived from the original on March 6 2016 Retrieved April 8 2015 Monthly total sunshine hours in Bushehr by Month 1951 2010 Iran Meteorological Organization Archived from the original on March 6 2016 Retrieved April 8 2015 Pike John Bushehr Iran Nuclear Reactor www globalsecurity org Iranian nuclear power station begins generating electricity The Guardian London Reuters 4 September 2011 Retrieved 4 September 2011 Sources EditPerry John R 2017 Bushire In Fleet Kate Kramer Gudrun Matringe Denis Nawas John Stewart Devin J eds Encyclopaedia of Islam THREE Brill Online ISSN 1873 9830 de Planhol Xavier 1990 Busehr i The City Encyclopaedia Iranica External links Edit Bushehr travel guide from Wikivoyage Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bushehr Bushehr Travel Guide Bushehr The Persian Gulf Bushehr s travel review https www citypopulation de mapinex html Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bushehr amp oldid 1147351677, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
