Campbeltown

This article is about the town in Scotland. For other uses, see Campbeltown (disambiguation).

Campbeltown (/ˈkæmbəltən/ ^ⓘ; Scottish Gaelic: Ceann Loch Chille Chiarain or Ceann Locha) is a town and former royal burgh in Argyll and Bute, Scotland. It lies by Campbeltown Loch on the Kintyre peninsula. Campbeltown became an important centre for Scotch whisky, and a busy fishing port.

Campbeltown Scottish Gaelic: Ceann Loch Chille Chiarain^[1] Scots: Cammeltoun^[2]
Town and former royal burgh
Campbeltown Viewed from the slopes of Beinn Ghuilean
Campbeltown Location within Argyll and Bute
Population	4,500 (mid-2020 est.)^[3]
OS grid reference	NR 71800 20300
• Edinburgh	101 mi (163 km)
• London	352 mi (566 km)
Council area	Argyll and Bute
Lieutenancy area	Argyll and Bute
Country	Scotland
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	Campbeltown
Postcode district	PA28
Dialling code	01586
UK Parliament	Argyll and Bute
Scottish Parliament	Argyll and Bute
List of places UK Scotland 55°25′23″N 5°36′29″W / 55.423°N 5.608°W / 55.423; -5.608

The 2018 population estimate was 4,600 indicating a reduction since the 2011 census.^[4]

History

Originally known as Kinlochkilkerran (an anglicization of the Gaelic, which means 'head of the loch by the kirk of Ciarán'), Campbeltown was renamed in the 17th century as Campbell's Town after Archibald Campbell (Earl of Argyll) was granted the site in 1667.^[5] Campbeltown Town Hall was completed in 1760.^[6]

Economy

 

Main street, with Campbeltown Town Hall visible

In addition to the benefits of distilling, and whisky tourism, there were two major employers in 2018, Campbeltown Creamery and CS Wind UK, who provided "a substantial portion of the Campbeltown area’s high skilled jobs and are a vital part of the local economy," according to the Scottish government. A report in October 2019 had raised warning signs for the economy of Argyll & Bute; the report also suggested that up to 70 jobs at CS Wind UK could be lost but did not specify a time frame.^[7]

Both companies confirmed the prediction of job redundancies, leading the Scottish government to hold an emergency summit in November 2019 to discuss steps that might be taken for improving the local economy. Participants included Argyll & Bute Council, Highlands & Islands Enterprise, trades unions and local employers.^[8][9] After the summit, a "working group" was formed in late November 2019.^[10]

The number of dairy farms supplying Campbeltown Creamery reduced from 147 to 28 and the number of dairy cows fell from 6600 to 2500. Consequently, the Creamery became unviable. A plan by a small number of local dairy farmers to take over the running of the Creamery failed in early December 2019. The milk produced in Kintyre is now transported by road tankers to Lockerbie and Mull of Kintyre Cheddar is no longer available.^[9]

By early December 2019, CS Wind UK had declared 22 jobs redundant. The Scottish government was working with the company to search for long-term solutions.^[11] Preliminary discussions did not produce optimism about the future stability of the company. The Unite union indicated that while CS Wind had been profitable, it was not receiving an adequate number of orders to sustain full employment.^[12] The plant was shut down in 2019 and production shifted to CS Wind's cheaper Vietnam plant in Phú Mỹ.^[13]

Whisky

Campbeltown is one of five areas in Scotland categorised as a distinct malt whisky producing region, and is home to the Campbeltown single malts. At one point it had over 30 distilleries and proclaimed itself "the whisky capital of the world". However, a focus on quantity rather than quality, and the combination of Prohibition and the Great Depression in the United States, led to most distilleries going out of business. Today only three active distilleries remain in Campbeltown: Glen Scotia, Glengyle, and Springbank.^{[14][15][16][17]}

Campbeltown is a "protected locality" for Scotch Whisky distilling under the UK's Scotch Whisky Regulations 2009.^[18]

The folk song titled "Campbeltown Loch, I wish you were whisky" is based on the town's history in this industry.^[19]

Climate

As with the rest of Scotland, Campbeltown experiences a maritime climate with cool summers and mild winters. The nearest official Met Office weather station for which online records are available is at Campbeltown Airport/RAF Machrihanish, about 3 mi (4.8 km) west of the town centre.

The lowest temperature to be reported in recent years was −12.9 °C (8.8 °F) during December 2010.^[20]

Climate data for Machrihanish, 10 m (33 ft) ASL, 1981-2010
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	7.8 (46.0)	7.8 (46.0)	9.2 (48.6)	11.1 (52.0)	13.9 (57.0)	15.9 (60.6)	17.4 (63.3)	17.5 (63.5)	15.9 (60.6)	13.0 (55.4)	10.2 (50.4)	8.3 (46.9)	12.4 (54.3)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	2.6 (36.7)	2.4 (36.3)	3.3 (37.9)	4.4 (39.9)	6.8 (44.2)	9.4 (48.9)	11.3 (52.3)	11.4 (52.5)	9.9 (49.8)	7.6 (45.7)	5.0 (41.0)	2.9 (37.2)	6.4 (43.5)
Average rainfall mm (inches)	128.5 (5.06)	91.8 (3.61)	105.7 (4.16)	75.0 (2.95)	63.4 (2.50)	73.0 (2.87)	77.6 (3.06)	94.5 (3.72)	108.6 (4.28)	143.8 (5.66)	134.9 (5.31)	129.3 (5.09)	1,226.2 (48.28)
Average rainy days (≥ 0.1 mm)	17.7	13.9	16.0	12.2	12.2	11.5	13.0	14.0	15.0	17.8	17.8	16.7	177.7
Mean monthly sunshine hours	47.8	75.1	101.6	163.4	214.8	181.1	157.7	159.7	126.8	87.1	54.7	42.8	1,412.5
Source: Met Office^[21]

Culture

Main article: List of listed buildings in Campbeltown

 

The old Library and Museum

 

The Wee Picture House

Campbeltown boasts a museum and a heritage centre. The museum has a varied collection of items from Campbeltown's past, and prehistoric items excavated from sites around Kintyre, such as axeheads, jewellery and combs. The 19th-century building, by John James Burnet, also houses the Registrars office and Customer Service Point for Argyll and Bute council and has plaques or exhibits related to famous Kintyre people: for example, William McTaggart and William Mackinnon.^[22] Near the museum is the cinema known as the Wee Picture House, a small but distinctive Art Nouveau building of the Glasgow School dating from 1913 and believed to be the oldest surviving purpose-built cinema in Scotland.^[23] These buildings are on the waterfront, as is a 14th-century Celtic cross that also served as a mercat cross.^[24][25]

St Kieran (Ciarán of Clonmacnoise) lived in this area before the town existed.^[26] A cave named after him can be visited at low tide, as can the cave on nearby Island Davaar where pilgrims and tourists go to see a 19th-century crucifixion painting.^[27]

Campbeltown also hosts the annual Mull Of Kintyre Music Festival, which has seen acts ranging from up-and-coming local bands to well-established groups such as Deacon Blue, The Stranglers and Idlewild perform.^[28]

The Kintyre Songwriters Festival, a fairly low key annual gathering aimed at promoting the wealth and variety of original music across the area, which started in 2009. The festival is held during the last weekend of May and is open to anyone interested in performing.^[29]

On Friday 16 June 2006, First Minister Jack McConnell flew to Campbeltown to officially open Campbeltown's new 'Aqualibrium' Centre. Aqualibrium, designed by Page\Park Architects, replaced the old Campbeltown swimming pool, which was previously closed due to safety concerns; the centre houses Campbeltown's library (with the old building being the museum only), swimming pool, gym, conference centre and 'Mussel Ebb' Cafe.^[30]

The Kintyre Camanachd are a local shinty team that belongs to the Camanachd Association.^[31]

The local amateur football team, Campbeltown Pupils AFC, are members of the West of Scotland Football League Division 4 which largely comprises clubs based in the Greater Glasgow and Inverclyde areas, requiring the Campbeltown team to make a round trip of over 200 miles (320 km) for away fixtures most weekends.^[32]

Argyll FM is a local radio station based in Campbeltown on 106.5, 107.1 and 107.7.^[33]

In May 2012 Campbeltown and Dunoon were jointly named in a report by the Scottish Agricultural College as the rural places in Scotland most vulnerable to a downturn. The "vulnerability index" ranked 90 Scottish locations according to factors associated with economic and social change.^[34][35]

Transport

 

Campbeltown Ferry Terminal

 

Campbeltown Airport terminal building

Campbeltown Airport is near the town, and has a scheduled service to/from Glasgow International Airport on weekdays and some summer Sundays.^[36]

The town is the westernmost town in the island of Great Britain (if the port of Mallaig is not counted as a town). It has the population of a large village, but lays claim to its town status based on its port and its central close grid of streets. Its position near the end of a long peninsula makes for a time-consuming road journey, and to some extent the area relies on sea and air transport, like the Inner Hebrides. However it is linked to the rest of Scotland by the A83 (to Tarbet) and A82 (from Tarbet to Glasgow). Bus service is provided by West Coast Motors, who also operate services to Glasgow for Scottish Citylink.^[37]

Ferries sail from Campbeltown to Ballycastle in Northern Ireland, operated by Kintyre Express. The service, which runs to Ballycastle every Friday to Monday during summer months and on Mondays and Fridays during the winter months, commenced in 2011.^[38]

In 2006 a foot passenger ferry operated by Kintyre Express ran between Campbeltown and Troon every Monday, Wednesday and Friday with a crossing time of one hour in calm weather. By 2007 this ferry no longer ran, although the vessel can be chartered privately.^[38]

Starting 23 May 2013, Caledonian MacBrayne began operating a ferry service across the Firth of Clyde to Ardrossan, calling at Brodick on Saturdays.^[39]

Campbeltown was linked to Machrihanish by a canal (1794 – mid-1880s) that was superseded by the Campbeltown and Machrihanish Light Railway, which closed in 1932. The railway, which was originally built to serve the Machrihanish Coalfield, ran from Campbeltown railway station to Machrihanish railway station.^[40]

Preceding station		Ferry		Following station
Terminus		Caledonian MacBrayne Kintyre Ferry (Summer only)		Ardrossan
				Brodick
Terminus		Kintyre Express Ferry		Ballycastle

Language

Campbeltown is one of the few communities in the Scottish Highlands where the Scots language predominated in recent centuries, rather than the previously widespread Scottish Gaelic, an enclave of Lowland Scots speech surrounded by Highland Scottish speech.^[41]

Notable people

 

Main Street and Campbeltown Cross

 

Campbeltown harbour

• Alexander Beith, minister and author in Gaelic and English. Free Church Moderator^[42]
• Hugh Henry Brackenridge, American writer, lawyer, judge, and justice of the Pennsylvania Supreme Court^[43]
• John Campbell Mitchell, landscape artist^[44]
• T. Lindsay Galloway, civil and mining engineer and coal master of Argyll Colliery^[45]
• James Gulliver, founder of Argyll Foods^[46]
• Sir William Mackinnon, 1st Baronet, Scottish ship-owner and businessman^[47]
• Norman Macleod (Caraid nan Gaidheal), Scottish divine and miscellaneous writer, served at the parish of Campbeltown, father of Norman Macleod (below)^[48]
• Norman Macleod, Scottish clergyman and author^[49]
• Angus MacVicar, author and broadcaster^[50]
• Neil McBain, professional footballer and football manager^[51]
• Paul McCartney, musician, singer, songwriter, ex-member of the Beatles and an ex-leader of Wings, owns a farm (named High Park) near the town^[52]
• Jill McGown, British writer of mystery novels^[53]
• Duncan McNab McEachran, Canadian veterinarian and academic^[54]
• Dan McPhail, professional footballer who made 437 appearances in the Football League^[55]
• William McTaggart, landscape artist^[56]
• Denzil Meyrick, author of Kinloch novels^[57]
• John Neil Munro, journalist and author of biographies^[58]
• Rodney Pattisson, English yachtsman^[59]
• George Pirie, artist who was associated with the Glasgow Boys in the 1880s^[60]
• Kieran Prendergast, diplomat and a former Under-Secretary-General for Political Affairs at the United Nations^[61]
• Bob Pursell, footballer who played for Liverpool F.C. in the early 20th century^[62]
• Peter Pursell, footballer. he won one cap for Scotland in 1914^[63]
• Very Rev James Curdie Russell, Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland^[64] minister of Campbeltown^[65]
• Angus Stewart, Lord Stewart, lawyer and Senator of the College of Justice, a judge of the Supreme Courts of Scotland^[66]
• John Stewart, Australian politician^[67]
• Gerald Tait, Olympic sailor^[68]
• Lawrence Tynes, placekicker in the National Football League. Grew up in Campbeltown when his father was with the US Navy^[69]
• George Wylie, member of the Wisconsin State Assembly and State Senate^[70]

Town twinnings

Campbeltown is twinned with Kümmersbruck, Bavaria, Germany. ^[71]

Gallery

Campbeltown

•  
  Campbeltown Loch and Campbeltown. Looking down from the top of Davaar. In the foreground is the Doirlinn, then the loch. On the western side of the loch is Campbeltown and beyond that Machrihanish Bay can be seen.
•  
  Unloading the catch at Campbeltown
•  
  Campbeltown Pier
•  
  Campbeltown Heritage Centre

See also

• Lochend Castle, Campbeltown
• Charles Campbell (member for Campbeltown)
• Hazelburn distillery
• HMS Minona

References

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3. "Mid-2020 Population Estimates for Settlements and Localities in Scotland". National Records of Scotland. 31 March 2022. Retrieved 31 March 2022.
4. "Campbeltown (Argyll and Bute, Scotland, United Kingdom) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map, Location, Weather and Web Information". www.citypopulation.de.
5. "Campbeltown" in A Dictionary of British Place-Names, A. D. Mills, Oxford University Press, 2003. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. University of Hull. 12 December 2009
6. Historic Environment Scotland. "Main Street, Town Hall, including lamp standards (LB22918)". Retrieved 9 July 2022.
7. "Largely negative economic data and a slew of job losses, the North Coast 500 shows which economic road to take – The State of Britain".
8. "Campbeltown economic summit - gov.scot". www.gov.scot.
9. Cameron, Greig (17 May 2023). "Farmers join forces in attempt to save Campbeltown Creamery" – via www.thetimes.co.uk.
10. "Working group formed after emergency economic summit". Campbeltown Courier. 22 November 2019.
11. "First Minister intervention plea as jobs go at CS Wind". Scotland Against Spin. 5 December 2019.
12. McPhee, David (3 December 2019). "Scottish Government sought to 'assist' troubled CS Wind prior to job losses". Energy Voice.
13. Meek, James (15 July 2021). "Who holds the welding rod?". London Review of Books. 43 (14). Retrieved 10 July 2021.
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20. "2010 minimum". UKMO. 24 December 2010.
21. "Machrihanish Climate period: 1981-2010". Met Office. Retrieved 8 January 2014.
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36. "Flybe timetable: flight from Campbelltown Airport". Flybe. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
37. "Services". West Coast Motors. Retrieved 10 July 2022.
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39. "New ferry link for Campbeltown". Caledonian MacBrayne. 15 April 2013. Retrieved 9 June 2014.
40. Macmillan, Nigel S.C. (2000). The Campbeltown & Machrihanish Light Railway (third ed.). Plateway Press. p. 12. ISBN 978-1-871980-17-2.
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51. "Neil McBain". LFC History. Retrieved 10 July 2022.
52. Rowley, Tom (11 October 2013). "Paul McCartney and the Mull of Kintyre: 'Maybe the memories make it too painful for him to return'".
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54. Duncan McNab McEachran at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography
55. Vickers, John. . Archived from the original on 25 May 2012. Retrieved 9 January 2014.
56. "William McTaggart: The Storm". Campbeltown Heritage Centre. Retrieved 10 July 2022.
57. "Scottish author Denzil Meyrick tells Janet Christie about his Kintyre-set novels and his hopes for the planned TV crime drama series". The Scotsman. 4 December 2021. Retrieved 10 July 2022.
58. "John Neil Munro". Birlinn. Retrieved 10 July 2022.
59. Campbell, Alan (8 May 2012). "Olympic sailor asks to be removed from Scottish Sports Hall of Fame.. because he's English".
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61. "SECRETARY-GENERAL APPOINTS KIERAN PRENDERGAST OF UNITED KINGDOM AS USG FOR POLITICAL AFFAIRS - Meetings Coverage and Press Releases".
62. . Archived from the original on 28 January 2012.
63. "QPFC.com - A Historical Queen's Park FC Website". www.qpfc.com. Retrieved 18 January 2021.
64. "Rothesay in line for £1.5m in heritage funding". 13 May 2009.
65. "James Curdie Russell". The University of Glasgow Story. Retrieved 10 July 2022.
66. Scottish Government (14 October 2010). "College of Justice".
67. "Mr John Stewart [2] (1876–1957)". Former members of the Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
68. . Archived from the original on 24 March 2013.
69. Brown, Oliver (22 January 2008). "Celtic humour keeps Lawrence Tynes on song".
70. "George Wylie, Morrisonville, Succumbs Here". The Capital Times. Madison, WI. 9 December 1926. p. 1. Retrieved 5 March 2021 – via Newspapers.com.  
71. Bayer, Josef. "Schottland zu Gast". www.asamnet.de.

External links

 

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Campbeltown.

 

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Campbeltown.

 

Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article "Campbeltown".

• Campbeltown Website
• Campbeltown Courier - source for local news
• Mull Of Kintyre Music Festival- official site
• Kintyre Songwriters Festival- official site

• Map sources for Campbeltown