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Jaipur

March 07, 2023

This article is about the metropolitan area in Rajasthan, India. For its namesake district, see Jaipur district. For other uses, see Jaipur (disambiguation).

Jaipur (/ˈdʒaɪpʊər/ (listen);[8][9][10] Hindi: Jayapura), formerly Jeypore, is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Rajasthan. As of 2022, the city had a population of 4.5 million, making it the tenth most populous city in the country. Jaipur is also known as the Pink City, due to the dominant colour scheme of its buildings. It is also known as the Paris of India, and C. V. Raman called it the Island of Glory. It is located 268 km (167 miles) from the national capital New Delhi. Jaipur was founded in 1727 by the Kachhwaha Rajput ruler Jai Singh II,[11][12] the ruler of Amer, after whom the city is named. It was one of the earliest planned cities of modern India, designed by Vidyadhar Bhattacharya.[13] During the British Colonial period, the city served as the capital of Jaipur State. After independence in 1947, Jaipur was made the capital of the newly formed state of Rajasthan.

Jaipur
Metropolis
Clockwise from top:
Hawa Mahal, City wall of Jaipur, Birla Mandir, Albert Hall Museum, Jantar Mantar, World Trade Park, Jal Mahal, Amber Fort
Nickname: 
The Pink City
Jaipur
Location of Jaipur in Rajasthan
Jaipur
Jaipur (India)
Coordinates: 26°54′N 75°48′E / 26.9°N 75.8°E / 26.9; 75.8Coordinates: 26°54′N 75°48′E / 26.9°N 75.8°E / 26.9; 75.8
Country India
StateRajasthan
DistrictJaipur
Establishment1727
Founded byJai Singh II
Named forJai Singh II
Government
 • TypeMunicipal Corporation
 • BodyJaipur Municipal Corporation
 • MayorSomya Gurjar(Jaipur Greater)[1]
Munesh Gurjar (Jaipur Heritage)[1]
Area
[2]
 • Total467 km2 (180 sq mi)
 • Rank1st in Rajasthan
Elevation
431 m (1,414 ft)
Population
 (2022)[3]
 • Total4,546,189
 • Rank10th India
 • Density9,700/km2 (25,000/sq mi)
Demonym(s)Jaipuri, Jaipuriya
Language
 • OfficialHindi, Rajasthani[4]
 • Additional officialEnglish[4]
 • RegionalDhundari[5]
Time zoneUTC+05:30 (IST)
Pincode(s)
3020xx
Area code(s)+91-141
Vehicle registrationRJ-14 (Jaipur South)
RJ-45 (Jaipur North)
RJ-52 (Shahpura)
RJ-41 (Chomu)
RJ-47 (Dudu)
RJ-32 (Kotputli)
GDP Nominal$9.81 billion[6]
Percapita$2,158 or ₹1.52 lakh[6]
GDP Nominal (Jaipur district)Rs. 1,22,140 crores (2020–21)[7]
Websitejaipurmc.org
Official nameJaipur City, Rajasthan
CriteriaCultural: (ii), (iv), (vi)
Designated2019 (43rd session)
Reference no.1605
RegionSouthern Asia

Jaipur is a popular tourist destination in India and forms a part of the west Golden Triangle tourist circuit along with Delhi and Agra (240 km, 149 mi).[14] It also serves as a gateway to other tourist destinations in Rajasthan such as Jodhpur (348 km, 216 mi), Jaisalmer (571 km, 355 mi), Bharatpur (186 km, 116 mi), Udaipur (421 km, 262 mi), Kota (252 km, 156 mi) and Mount Abu (520 km, 323 mi).

On 6 July 2019, UNESCO World Heritage Committee inscribed Jaipur the "Pink City of India" among its World Heritage Sites.[15] The city is also home to the UNESCO World Heritage Sites Amer Fort and Jantar Mantar.

History

Main article: History of Jaipur
 
Jai Singh II, the founder of Jaipur

The city of Jaipur was founded by the King of Amber, Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II on 18 November 1727, who ruled from 1699 to 1743. He planned to shift his capital from Amber, 11 kilometres (7 mi) to Jaipur to accommodate the growing population and increasing scarcity of water.[13] Jai Singh consulted several books on architecture and architects while planning the layout of Jaipur. Under the architectural guidance of Vidyadhar Bhattacharya, Jaipur was planned based on the principles of Vastu Shastra and Shilpa Shastra.[16] The construction of the city began in 1726 and took four years to complete the major roads, offices, and palaces. The architecture of the city was heavily influenced by the 17th century architectural renaissance during Mughal rule in Northern India. Hence much of it resembles architecture styles from around the Muslim world. The city was divided into nine blocks, two of which contained the state buildings and palaces, with the remaining seven allotted to the public. Huge ramparts were built, pierced by seven fortified gates.[13]

During the rule of Sawai Ram Singh I, the city was painted pink to welcome HRH Albert Edward, Prince of Wales (who later became King Edward VII, Emperor of India), in 1876.[17] Many of the avenues still remain painted in pink, giving Jaipur a distinctive appearance and the epithet Pink city.[18]

In the 19th century, the city grew rapidly and by 1900 it had a population of 160,000. The wide boulevards were paved and its chief industries were the working of metals and marble, fostered by a school of art founded in 1868.[12] The city had three colleges, including a Sanskrit college (1865) and a girls' school (1867) opened during the reign of the Maharaja Ram Singh II.[19][20]

Large areas of the city including the airport were flooded in August 1981, resulting in the death of eight people and much damage to the city's Dravyavati River.[21] The floods were caused by three days of cloud burst that produced more rain than the annual average.[22]

Geography

Climate

Jaipur has a monsoon-influenced hot semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification BSh) with long, extremely hot summers and short, mild to warm winters. Annual precipitation is over 63 cm, falling mostly in July and August due to monsoon, causing the average temperatures in these two months to be lower compared to drier May and June. During the monsoon, there are frequent, heavy rains and thunderstorms, but flooding is not common. The highest temperature ever recorded was 49.0 °C (120.2 °F), on 23 May 1994. The city's average temperature remains below 20 °C or 68 °F between December and February. These months are mild, dry, and pleasant, sometimes chilly. The lowest temperature ever recorded was −2.2 °C (28.0 °F) on 31 January 1905, 1 February 1905 & 16 January 1964. Jaipur, like many other major cities of the world, is a significant urban heat island zone with surrounding rural temperatures occasionally falling below freezing in winters.[23]

Climate data for Jaipur (Jaipur International Airport) 1981–2010, extremes 1952–2012
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 31.7
(89.1) 		36.7
(98.1) 		42.8
(109.0) 		44.9
(112.8) 		49.0
(120.2) 		47.2
(117.0) 		46.7
(116.1) 		41.7
(107.1) 		41.7
(107.1) 		40.0
(104.0) 		36.4
(97.5) 		32.0
(89.6) 		49.0
(120.2)
Mean maximum °C (°F) 27.2
(81.0) 		31.4
(88.5) 		37.1
(98.8) 		41.9
(107.4) 		44.3
(111.7) 		43.7
(110.7) 		39.4
(102.9) 		36.1
(97.0) 		37.5
(99.5) 		36.9
(98.4) 		33.1
(91.6) 		28.3
(82.9) 		44.8
(112.6)
Average high °C (°F) 22.6
(72.7) 		25.7
(78.3) 		31.6
(88.9) 		37.4
(99.3) 		40.7
(105.3) 		39.6
(103.3) 		34.6
(94.3) 		32.7
(90.9) 		34.2
(93.6) 		33.8
(92.8) 		29.3
(84.7) 		24.5
(76.1) 		32.2
(90.0)
Average low °C (°F) 8.6
(47.5) 		11.4
(52.5) 		16.8
(62.2) 		22.2
(72.0) 		26.5
(79.7) 		27.7
(81.9) 		26.1
(79.0) 		24.8
(76.6) 		23.6
(74.5) 		19.6
(67.3) 		14.0
(57.2) 		9.5
(49.1) 		19.2
(66.6)
Mean minimum °C (°F) 3.8
(38.8) 		6.1
(43.0) 		11.3
(52.3) 		16.7
(62.1) 		20.9
(69.6) 		22.2
(72.0) 		23.1
(73.6) 		22.3
(72.1) 		20.8
(69.4) 		15.2
(59.4) 		9.1
(48.4) 		4.8
(40.6) 		3.5
(38.3)
Record low °C (°F) −2.2
(28.0) 		−2.2
(28.0) 		3.3
(37.9) 		9.4
(48.9) 		15.6
(60.1) 		18.4
(65.1) 		20.6
(69.1) 		18.9
(66.0) 		15.0
(59.0) 		11.1
(52.0) 		3.3
(37.9) 		0.0
(32.0) 		−2.2
(28.0)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 5.5
(0.22) 		4.9
(0.19) 		4.2
(0.17) 		8.2
(0.32) 		18.7
(0.74) 		68.8
(2.71) 		220.8
(8.69) 		194.8
(7.67) 		71.4
(2.81) 		20.1
(0.79) 		5.3
(0.21) 		3.8
(0.15) 		626.5
(24.67)
Average rainy days 0.6 0.9 0.7 0.9 1.3 4.2 9.8 9.4 4.8 1.2 0.2 0.3 34.3
Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) 37 29 21 17 19 33 60 67 50 31 34 39 36
Average dew point °C (°F) 6
(43) 		7
(45) 		7
(45) 		8
(46) 		12
(54) 		19
(66) 		24
(75) 		24
(75) 		21
(70) 		13
(55) 		9
(48) 		6
(43) 		13
(55)
Average ultraviolet index 5 7 9 11 12 12 12 12 10 8 6 5 9.1
Source 1: India Meteorological Department[24][25][26]Climate of Jaipur[27]Time and Date (dewpoints, 2005–2015)[28]
Source 2: Weather Atlas[29]

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1881 142,600—    
1891 158,900+11.4%
1901 160,000+0.7%
1911 137,100−14.3%
1921 120,200−12.3%
1931 144,200+20.0%
1941 175,800+21.9%
1951 291,000+65.5%
1961 403,400+38.6%
1968 533,200+32.2%
1971 636,800+19.4%
1981 1,004,700+57.8%
1991 1,518,200+51.1%
2001 2,322,575+53.0%
2011 3,073,350+32.3%
Source: Census of India[30][31][32]

According to the provisional report of 2011 census, Jaipur city had a population of 3,073,350.[32] The overall literacy rate for the city is 84.34%. 90.61% males and 77.41% females were literate.[32] The sex ratio was 898 females per 1,000 males & the child sex ratio was recorded 854.[32] However, the population of the city is expected to grow up to around 39.1 lakhs (3.91 million).

Languages

The official language of Jaipur is Hindi and the additional official language is English.[4] The native and main dialect of the city is Dhundari. The Marwari and Standard Hindi dialects are also spoken, along with English.[5][33]

Religion

Religion in Jaipur City (2011)
Religion Percent(%)
Hinduism
 
 87.9%
Islam
 
 8.6%
Jainism
 
 2.4%
Others
 
 1.2%

According to the 2011 census, Hindus form the majority religious group accounting for 87.9% of the city's population, followed by Muslims (8.6%), Jains (2.4%) and others (1.2%).[34]

Governance and politics

 
Rajasthan Vidhan Sabha

Civic administration

The Jaipur Municipal Corporation (JMC) was established in the year 1994.[35] The area of the municipal corporation is 467 square km[2] and it is governed under the Rajasthan Municipality Act of 1959.[35] The municipal corporation is headed by a mayor.[36]

JMC was recently bifurcated into two Municipal Corporations, namely Greater Jaipur Municipal Corporation and Jaipur Heritage Municipal Corporation.[37] Originally, the municipality had 91 wards and each ward was represented by an elected member. However, the Local Self Government Department of Rajasthan divided Jaipur into two municipal corporations, namely Greater Jaipur Municipal Corporation and Heritage Jaipur Municipal Corporation, with 150 and 100 wards each, respectively.[38]

The latest elections were held in October 2020, which were postponed due to COVID-19.[39] However, elections for the 100 wards of Jaipur Heritage Municipal Corporation were held on 29 October 2020.[40]

The mayor is the elected representative of the city. The current mayor of Jaipur Municipal Corporation (Greater) is Smt. Somya Gurjar since 10 November 2020 and the mayor for Jaipur Municipal Corporation (Heritage) is Smt. Munesh Gurjar since 10 November 2020. [41] The administration duties are carried out by the municipal commissioner and his group of officials. The municipal commissioner of Jaipur is Mahendra Soni (IAS).

The estimated municipal budget for the year 2022-23 is ₹8950 lakhs.[42] The key revenue sources for Jaipur municipality are taxes which include House tax, Urban Development tax and octroi compensation. Along with this it also gains revenue from various fees and user charges.[42] The masterplan for the city 2025 was created by the Jaipur Development Authority.[43]

Legislative assembly and state agencies

Jaipur consists of two parliamentary constituencies Jaipur and Jaipur Rural.[44] The political party with a majority in Jaipur is the Indian National Congress. It also has electives from the BJP and INC party.[45]

The Jaipur Lok Sabha constituency comprises eight Vidhansabha (legislative assembly) segments, all of which fall partly in Jaipur city.[46] MLA for Hawa Mahal is Mahesh Joshi from INC, MLA for Vidhyadhar Nagar is Narpat Singh Rajvi from BJP, MLA for Civil Lines is Pratap Singh Khachariyavas from INC, MLA for Kishanpole is Amin Kagzi from INC, MLA for Adarsh Nagar is Rafeek Khan from INC,[47][48] MLA for Malviya Nagar constituency is Kalicharan Saraf from BJP, MLA for Sanganer constituency is Ashok Lahoty from BJP and lastly the MLA for Bagru is Ganga Devi from INC.[47][48]

The Jaipur Rural Lok Sabha constituency also comprises eight vidhan sabha segments. There are in the northern outskirts of the Jaipur city. MLA for Kotputli is Rajendra Singh Yadav from INC, MLA for Viratnagar is Indraj Gurjar from INC, MLA for Shahpura is Alok Beniwal (Independent), MLA for Phulera is Nirmal Kumawat from BJP, MLA for Jhotwara is Lalchand Kataria from INC, MLA for Amber is Satish Poonia from BJP, MLA for Jamwa Ramgarh is Gopal Meena from INC and lastly MLA for Bansur is Shakuntala Rawat from INC.

Law and order

The city police in Jaipur is under the jurisdiction of the Rajasthan State Department.[49] The current Police Commissioner for Jaipur City Police is Mr. Anand Srivastava.[50] In Jaipur City, there is a District and Sessions court present. It also has a family court.[51]

Civic utilities

Jaipur Development Authority (JDA) is the nodal government agency responsible for the planning and development of Jaipur. Jaipur also falls under the Jaipur district of the state of Rajasthan in western India. There are 13 tehsils in the district, which are named Jaipur, Amer, Bassi, Chaksu, Chomu, Mojmabad, Jamwa Ramgarh, Phage, Phulera, Kotputli, Sanganer, Shahpura, Viratnagar. The total area of the district is 14068 square km.[52]

Jaipur Municipal Corporation is responsible for maintaining the city's civic infrastructure and carrying out associated administrative duties.[53]

Electricity in Jaipur City is supplied through Jaipur Vidyut Vitaran Nigam LTD(JVVNL) by the Government of Rajasthan.[54] Jaipur MC has a fire department wing and there are 11 fire stations, with 50 fire tenders in the state capital. However, with the city is expanding and the population increasing, the existing infrastructure is not sufficient to cater to the city's requirements.[55] Jaipur, a Tier 2 city, also does not have rescue tenders, used for cutting material, or a turntable ladder (TTL), used for dousing flames from aerial angles without entering the building.[55]

Water supply, sewerage and drainage

The Rajasthan government has formed the Jaipur Water Supply and Sewerage Board (JWSSB) for the management of water supply and sewerage services in urban areas of the city. JWSSB, an autonomous body, has been constituted under the JWSSB Ordinance, 2018.[56] It will ensure water supply as per the standards stipulated by the Bureau of Indian Standards, the State Pollution Control Board or Rajasthan's Public Health Engineering Department (PHED).[56] JWSSB will be responsible for financing, designing, constructing, altering, repairing, operating, and maintaining various water supply and sewerage schemes. It will also provide meters and carry out commercial services such as meter reading, billing, and revenue collection.[56]

The Jaipur Development Authority has divided the city into four main drainage zones with the northern and central zones draining into the Dravyavati river while the western zone drains into the Chandler lake and the eastern and southern areas combined drain into the Dhundh River.[57] Sewerage systems and STPs have been constructed accordingly with the installed capacity being 730 km of sewer lines and 442 MLD of sewage treatment.[58]

Solid waste management

The corporation has a new solid waste management system that includes door-to-door collection, transportation of garbage in covered vehicles, proper deployment of dustbins, use of modern equipment.[59] The system ensures private investment as well as public participation with a small amount of monthly user charges. The size of the JMC garbage can be kept at a manageable level.[59]

Complete Sanitation work in 3 zones, namely, Hawamahal Zone (East), Hawamahal (West), Motidungari Zone, and Pratap Nagar has been contracted out through National Tendering.[59]

Tourism

See also: List of attractions in Jaipur

Jaipur is a major tourist destination in India forming a part of the Golden Triangle.[60] In the 2008 Conde Nast Traveller Readers Choice Survey, Jaipur was ranked the 7th best place to visit in Asia.[61] According to TripAdvisor's 2015 Traveller's Choice Awards for Destination, Jaipur ranked 1st among the Indian destinations for the year.[62] The Presidential Suite at the Raj Palace Hotel, billed at US$45,000 per night, was listed in second place on CNN's World's 15 most expensive hotel suites in 2012.[63]

Jaipur Exhibition & Convention Centre (JECC) is Rajasthan's biggest convention and exhibition centre.[64] It is famous for organising events such as Vastara, Jaipur Jewellery Show, Stonemart 2015 and Resurgent Rajasthan Partnership Summit 2015.[65]

Visitor attractions include the Birla Auditorium, Albert Hall Museum, Hawa Mahal, Jal Mahal, City Palace, Amer Fort, Jantar Mantar, Nahargarh Fort, Jaigarh Fort, Birla Mandir, Galtaji, Govind Dev Ji Temple, Garh Ganesh Temple, Moti Dungri Ganesh Temple, Sanghiji Jain temple and the Jaipur Zoo.[66] The Jantar Mantar observatory (The Jantar Mantar is a collection of 19 astronomical instruments remarkable at their time.) and Amer Fort are one of the World Heritage Sites.[67] Hawa Mahal is a five-storey pyramidal shaped monument with 953 windows[68] that rises 15 metres (50 ft) from its high base. Sisodiya Rani Bagh and Kanak Vrindavan are the major parks in Jaipur.[69] Raj Mandir is a notable cinema hall in Jaipur.

Jaipur now has options to view the entire city via a Hot Air Balloon ride.[70]

Travel+Leisure – The World's Best Awards 2020

Jaipur was ranked Number 8 in "The Top 15 Cities in Asia".[71]

Culture

Jaipur has many cultural sites like Jawahar Kala Kendra formed by Architect Charles Correa and Ravindra Manch. Government Central Museum hosts several arts and antiquities. There is a government museum at Hawa Mahal and an art gallery at Viratnagar. There are statues depicting Rajasthani culture around the city.[72][73] Jaipur has many traditional shops selling antiques and handicrafts, as well as contemporary brands reviving traditional techniques, such as Anokhi. The prior rulers of Jaipur patronised a number of arts and crafts. They invited skilled artisans, artists and craftsmen from India and abroad who settled in the city. Some of the crafts include bandhani, block printing, stone carving and sculpture, tarkashi, zari, gota-patti, kinari and zardozi, silver jewellery, gems, kundan, meenakari and jewellery, Lakh ki Chudiya, miniature paintings, blue pottery, ivory carving, shellac work and leather ware.[74][69]

Jaipur has its own performing arts. The Jaipur Gharana for Kathak is one of the three gharanas of the major north Indian classical dance form of Kathak.[75] The Jaipur Gharana of Kathak is known for its rapid intricate dance forms, vivacious body movements and subtle Abhinaya.[75] The Ghoomar is a popular folk dance style.[76][77][78] Tamasha is an art form where Kathputli puppet dance is shown in play form.[33] Major festivals celebrated in Jaipur include Elephant Festival, Gangaur, Makar Sankranti, Holi, Diwali, Vijayadashami, Teej, Eid, Mahavir Jayanti and Christmas. Jaipur is also famous for the Jaipur Literature Festival, the world's largest free literature festival in which authors, writers and literature lovers from all over the country participate.[79]

Architecture

 
Streets of Jaipur

The city was planned according to the Indian Vastu shastra by Vidyadhar Bhattacharya in 1727.[80] There are three gates facing east, west, and north. The eastern gate is called Suraj pol (sun gate), the western gate is called Chand pol (moon gate) and the northern gate faces the ancestral capital of Amer.[16][81]

The city is unusual among pre-modern Indian cities in the regularity of its streets, and the division of the city into six sectors by broad streets 34 m (111  ft) wide. The urban quarters are further divided by networks of gridded streets. Five-quarters wrap around the east, south, and west sides of a central palace quarter, with a sixth quarter immediately to the east. The Palace quarter encloses the Hawa Mahal palace complex, formal gardens, and a small lake. Nahargarh Fort, which was the residence of the King Sawai Jai Singh II, crowns the hill in the northwest corner of the old city.[69]

Cuisine

 
Dal Bati Churma

Typical dishes include Dal Baati Churma, Missi Roti, Gatte ki Sabzi, Lahsun ki chutney, Ker Sangri, Makke ki Ghat, Bajre ki Ghat, Bajre ki Roti and Laal Maans.[82] Jaipur is also known for its sweets which include Ghevar, Feeni, Mawa Kachori, Gajak, Meethi thuli, Chauguni ke laddu, and Moong Thal.[83][84]

Economy

 
World Trade Park, Jaipur, is a shopping mall opened in 2012.

As per the official records released by the Directorate of Economics and Statistics (Rajasthan), the GDP(nominal) of Jaipur district is estimated at INR 1,22,140 crores ($15.8 billion) in 2020–21, with a per-capita GDP of INR 1,41,305.[85] In addition to its role as the provincial capital, educational, and administrative centre, the economy of Jaipur is fuelled by tourism, gemstone cutting, the manufacture of jewellery and luxury textiles, and information technology.[86]

Three major trade promotion organisations have their offices in Jaipur. These are: Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry, (FICCI) the PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry (PHDCCI) and the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) which has its regional offices here. In 2008, Jaipur was ranked 31 among the 50 Emerging Global Outsourcing cities.[87] Jaipur Stock Exchange was one of the regional stock exchanges in India and was founded in 1989 but was closed in March 2015.[88]

Jaipur has emerged as a hub of automotive industries. JCB, Hero MotoCorp and Robert Bosch GmbH have their manufacturing plants in Jaipur.[89][90][91] Chemical manufacturers in the city are Aro Granite and Emami Agrotech. National Engineering Industries have a plant in Jaipur.[92]

The city is among top emerging IT hubs of India along with Ahmedabad, Bhubaneswar and Kochi. Mahindra World City is an integrated business zone in Jaipur. It is home to several software and IT companies including Genpact, Appirio, Infosys, Wipro, ICICI Bank, Connexions and Deutsche Bank.[93][94] The Government of Rajasthan have built Asia's largest incubator in Jaipur – the Bhamashah Techno Hub.[95]

Jaipur is a major hub for arts and crafts. It has many traditional shops selling antiques, jewellery, handicrafts, gems, bangles, pottery, carpets, textiles, leather and metal products. Jaipur is one of India's largest manufacturers of hand-knotted rugs.[96][97] Jaipur foot, a rubber-based prosthetic leg for people with below-knee amputations, was designed and is produced in Jaipur.[98][99] World Trade Park Jaipur, is a shopping mall in Jaipur opened in 2012.

Communication

Jaipur has offices of companies like Airtel, Jio, VI (Vodafone-Idea) and BSNL which are providing mobile telephony and there are also various internet service providers in the city. The government of Rajasthan has started free WiFi at various public places like Central Park, Jantar Mantar among others. Rajasthan's first ISP Data Ingenious Global Limited still providing large number of broadband customers and email services in entire Jaipur.[100]

Broadband Services

Jaipur has got a good network of broadband services both in Old Jaipur and New Jaipur. Jaipur is served by BSNL FTTH, Tata Play Fiber, ACT, Data Ingenious, Jio and Airtel.[citation needed]

Media

Major daily newspapers in Jaipur include Amar Ujala,[101] Rajasthan Patrika, Dainik Bhaskar, Indian Express, Dainik Navajyoti and The Times of India.[102][103] The state-owned All India Radio is broadcast both on the medium wave and FM band in the city. Private FM stations include Radio Mirchi (98.3 MHz), Radio City (91.1 MHz), My FM (94.3 MHz), FM Tadka 95 FM (95.0 MHz), Mirchi Love (104.0 MHz), Red FM 93.5 (93.5 MHz) and Gyan Vani (105.6 MHz). The city has a community FM channel in FM Radio 7 (90.4 MHz) by India International School Institutional Network. The public broadcaster Doordarshan (Prasar Bharati) provides a regional channel in addition to the private broadcasters.

Transport

Roads

Jaipur is located on National Highway No.48 connecting Delhi and Mumbai. National Highway 52 links Jaipur with Kota and National Highway 21 links Jaipur with Agra. RSRTC operates bus service to major cities in Rajasthan, New Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Punjab and Gujarat. City buses are operated by Jaipur City Transport Services Limited (JCTSL)[104] of RSRTC.[105] The service operates more than 400 regular and low-floor buses. Major bus depots are located at Vaishali Nagar, Vidyadhar Nagar and Sanganer.

Jaipur BRTS was approved by the government in August 2006. Jaipur BRTS is managed by JCSTL, a special purpose vehicle formed by Jaipur Development Authority and Jaipur Nagar Nigam. In Phase I, two corridors have been proposed: a "North-South Corridor" from Sikar Road to Tonk Road and an "East-West Corridor" from Ajmer Road to Delhi Road. A section of the North-South Corridor from bypass near Harmada to Pani Pech became operational in 2010.[106][107]

Jaipur Ring Road is a project of Jaipur Development Authority to reduce increasing traffic of Jaipur city[108] which connects NH-21 (Agra Road), NH-48 (Ajmer Road), NH-52 (Tonk Road), and NH-52 (Malpura Road) having a length of 150 km.[109] The 57 km out of 150 km long six-lane Jaipur Ring Road has been completed at a cost of Rs. 1217 crore which was inaugurated by Sushma Swaraj, Arun Jaitley and Nitin Gadkari.

Bhawani Singh Road, named after the last Maharaja of Jaipur which begins from Nehru Sahkar Bhawan and ends at the intersection where Birla Mandir is situated is one of the most popular roads in the city with notable places like Rambagh Palace, Golf Club and Jaipur Development Authority Office falling on its path. A similarly named road; Bhawani Singh Lane, serves as a place where the prominent people of Jaipur reside. The road also serves as a passage for the offices of companies like ETV Rajasthan, Redington India Limited, Hal Clyde Denison, and Rajasthan Tourism Bureau.[110]

Rail

Jaipur is the headquarters of North Western Railway Zone of Indian Railways.[111]

Metro

 
Jaipur Metro

Jaipur Metro commenced commercial operation on 3 June 2015.[112] Phase-1A is operational between Mansarovar and Chandpole consisting of nine stations namely Mansarovar, New Aatish Market, Vivek Vihar, Shyam Nagar, Ram Nagar, Civil Line, Railway Station, Sindhi Camp and Chandpole.[113] The Phase-1B was constructed with an estimated cost of ₹97.32 billion ($1.74 billion).[114] It became operational on 23 September 2020.[115][116]

Airport

Jaipur International Airport is in Sanganer, 12.2 km (8 miles) from the centre. The airport handled 363,899 international and 2,540,451 domestic passengers in 2015–2016.[117] Jaipur Airport also provides air cargo services. During winter, sometimes flights towards Indira Gandhi International Airport are diverted to Jaipur Airport due to heavy fog in Delhi.[118]

Education

 
MNIT

Public and private schools in Jaipur are governed by the Central Board of Secondary Education or Board of Secondary Education, Rajasthan, International Board of education and follow a "10+2" plan. This plan entails eight years of primary education and four years of secondary education. The secondary school includes two years of upper secondary education, which is more specific and diverse than the two years of lower secondary education before it.[119] Languages of instruction include English and Hindi.

Notable institutions in the city are: University of Rajasthan, Rajasthan University of Health Sciences, Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar Law University, Rajasthan Sanskrit University, Haridev Joshi University of Journalism and Mass Communication, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, LNM Institute of Information Technology, University of Technology, National Institute of Ayurveda, Sawai Man Singh Medical College and Subodh College among others. There are several digital marketing institutes in Jaipur As EIIM, Digilearning, Quibus training to name a few.

Admission to Engineering colleges in Jaipur, many of which are affiliated to Rajasthan Technical University (Kota), is through Rajasthan Engineering Admission Process. Some of the colleges that are affiliated to Rajasthan Technical University are Maharishi Arvind Institute of Engineering & Technology, Poornima College of Engineering, Arya College | Arya Group of Colleges.

Sports

The main cricket stadium in the city, Sawai Mansingh Stadium, has a seating capacity of 30,000 and has hosted national and international cricket matches.[120] It is also the home ground of IPL team Rajasthan Royals. Sawai Mansingh Indoor Stadium, Chaugan Stadium and Railway Cricket Ground are the other sporting arenas in the city.

A new stadium has been proposed for Chonp Village with a seating capacity 75,000. It would be the third-largest cricket stadium in the world after the Sardar Patel Stadium and the Melbourne Cricket Ground.

The city is represented in the IPL by Rajasthan Royals (2008–2016; 2018–present)[121][122] and in Pro Kabaddi League by Jaipur Pink Panthers.[123]

A new cricket stadium located 27 km from Jaipur is under construction. In July 2021, Chief Minister Ashok Gehlot said that the stadium will have a total seating capacity of 75000 and will be constructed in two phases, of which the seating accommodation of 45,000 people will be completed in the first phase and expansion for another 30,000 will be done in the second phase.[124][125]

In popular culture

Paul McCartney wrote and recorded the Jaipur tribute song "Riding into Jaipur" (4:08) whose minimalist lyrics say: « riding to Jaipur, riding through the night, riding with my baby, oh what a delight, oh what a delight, it is. » The song was released on his 2001 studio album Driving Rain.

Jaipur is the setting for the film The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel and its sequel, The Second Best Exotic Marigold Hotel, which follow the adventures of a group of senior European ex-pats who retire to Jaipur and in the process discover their true selves.

Notable people

See also

Tehsils of Jaipur:

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Further reading

  • Bhatt, Kavi Shiromani; Shastry, Mathuranath (1948). Jaipur Vaibhawam (History of Jaipur written in Sanskrit). Re-published in 2002 by Kalanath Shastry, Manjunath Smriti Sansthan, Jaipur.
  • Khangarot, R.S., Nathawat, P.S. (1990) Jaigarh- The Invincible Fort of Amer. RBSA Publishers, Jaipur.
  • Sachdev, Vibhuti; Tillotson, Giles Henry Rupert (2002). Building Jaipur: The Making of an Indian City. Reaktion Books, London. ISBN 1-86189-137-7.
  • Sarkar, Jadunath (1984). A History of Jaipur. Orient Longman Limited, New Delhi. ISBN 81-250-0333-9.
  • Volwahsen, Andreas (2001). Cosmic Architecture in India: The Astronomical Monuments of Maharaja Jai Singh II, Prestel Mapin, Munich.

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jaipur.
 
Wikiquote has quotations related to Jaipur.
 
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Jaipur.

March 07, 2023
jaipur, this, article, about, metropolitan, area, rajasthan, india, namesake, district, district, other, uses, disambiguation, ʊər, listen, hindi, jayapura, formerly, jeypore, capital, largest, city, indian, state, rajasthan, 2022, update, city, population, mi. This article is about the metropolitan area in Rajasthan India For its namesake district see Jaipur district For other uses see Jaipur disambiguation Jaipur ˈ dʒ aɪ p ʊer listen 8 9 10 Hindi Jayapura formerly Jeypore is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Rajasthan As of 2022 update the city had a population of 4 5 million making it the tenth most populous city in the country Jaipur is also known as the Pink City due to the dominant colour scheme of its buildings It is also known as the Paris of India and C V Raman called it the Island of Glory It is located 268 km 167 miles from the national capital New Delhi Jaipur was founded in 1727 by the Kachhwaha Rajput ruler Jai Singh II 11 12 the ruler of Amer after whom the city is named It was one of the earliest planned cities of modern India designed by Vidyadhar Bhattacharya 13 During the British Colonial period the city served as the capital of Jaipur State After independence in 1947 Jaipur was made the capital of the newly formed state of Rajasthan JaipurMetropolisClockwise from top Hawa Mahal City wall of Jaipur Birla Mandir Albert Hall Museum Jantar Mantar World Trade Park Jal Mahal Amber FortNickname The Pink CityJaipurLocation of Jaipur in RajasthanShow map of RajasthanJaipurJaipur India Show map of IndiaCoordinates 26 54 N 75 48 E 26 9 N 75 8 E 26 9 75 8 Coordinates 26 54 N 75 48 E 26 9 N 75 8 E 26 9 75 8Country IndiaStateRajasthanDistrictJaipurEstablishment1727Founded byJai Singh IINamed forJai Singh IIGovernment TypeMunicipal Corporation BodyJaipur Municipal Corporation MayorSomya Gurjar Jaipur Greater 1 Munesh Gurjar Jaipur Heritage 1 Area 2 Total467 km2 180 sq mi Rank1st in RajasthanElevation431 m 1 414 ft Population 2022 3 Total4 546 189 Rank10th India Density9 700 km2 25 000 sq mi Demonym s Jaipuri JaipuriyaLanguage OfficialHindi Rajasthani 4 Additional officialEnglish 4 RegionalDhundari 5 Time zoneUTC 05 30 IST Pincode s 3020xxArea code s 91 141Vehicle registrationRJ 14 Jaipur South RJ 45 Jaipur North RJ 52 Shahpura RJ 41 Chomu RJ 47 Dudu RJ 32 Kotputli GDP Nominal 9 81 billion 6 Percapita 2 158 or 1 52 lakh 6 GDP Nominal Jaipur district Rs 1 22 140 crores 2020 21 7 Websitejaipurmc wbr orgUNESCO World Heritage SiteOfficial nameJaipur City RajasthanCriteriaCultural ii iv vi Designated2019 43rd session Reference no 1605RegionSouthern AsiaJaipur is a popular tourist destination in India and forms a part of the west Golden Triangle tourist circuit along with Delhi and Agra 240 km 149 mi 14 It also serves as a gateway to other tourist destinations in Rajasthan such as Jodhpur 348 km 216 mi Jaisalmer 571 km 355 mi Bharatpur 186 km 116 mi Udaipur 421 km 262 mi Kota 252 km 156 mi and Mount Abu 520 km 323 mi On 6 July 2019 UNESCO World Heritage Committee inscribed Jaipur the Pink City of India among its World Heritage Sites 15 The city is also home to the UNESCO World Heritage Sites Amer Fort and Jantar Mantar Contents 1 History 2 Geography 2 1 Climate 3 Demographics 3 1 Languages 3 2 Religion 4 Governance and politics 4 1 Civic administration 4 2 Legislative assembly and state agencies 4 3 Law and order 5 Civic utilities 5 1 Water supply sewerage and drainage 5 2 Solid waste management 6 Tourism 7 Culture 7 1 Architecture 7 2 Cuisine 8 Economy 9 Communication 9 1 Broadband Services 9 2 Media 10 Transport 10 1 Roads 10 2 Rail 10 3 Metro 10 4 Airport 11 Education 12 Sports 13 In popular culture 14 Notable people 15 See also 16 References 17 Further reading 18 External linksHistory EditMain article History of Jaipur Jai Singh II the founder of Jaipur The city of Jaipur was founded by the King of Amber Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II on 18 November 1727 who ruled from 1699 to 1743 He planned to shift his capital from Amber 11 kilometres 7 mi to Jaipur to accommodate the growing population and increasing scarcity of water 13 Jai Singh consulted several books on architecture and architects while planning the layout of Jaipur Under the architectural guidance of Vidyadhar Bhattacharya Jaipur was planned based on the principles of Vastu Shastra and Shilpa Shastra 16 The construction of the city began in 1726 and took four years to complete the major roads offices and palaces The architecture of the city was heavily influenced by the 17th century architectural renaissance during Mughal rule in Northern India Hence much of it resembles architecture styles from around the Muslim world The city was divided into nine blocks two of which contained the state buildings and palaces with the remaining seven allotted to the public Huge ramparts were built pierced by seven fortified gates 13 During the rule of Sawai Ram Singh I the city was painted pink to welcome HRH Albert Edward Prince of Wales who later became King Edward VII Emperor of India in 1876 17 Many of the avenues still remain painted in pink giving Jaipur a distinctive appearance and the epithet Pink city 18 In the 19th century the city grew rapidly and by 1900 it had a population of 160 000 The wide boulevards were paved and its chief industries were the working of metals and marble fostered by a school of art founded in 1868 12 The city had three colleges including a Sanskrit college 1865 and a girls school 1867 opened during the reign of the Maharaja Ram Singh II 19 20 Large areas of the city including the airport were flooded in August 1981 resulting in the death of eight people and much damage to the city s Dravyavati River 21 The floods were caused by three days of cloud burst that produced more rain than the annual average 22 Geography EditClimate Edit Jaipur has a monsoon influenced hot semi arid climate Koppen climate classification BSh with long extremely hot summers and short mild to warm winters Annual precipitation is over 63 cm falling mostly in July and August due to monsoon causing the average temperatures in these two months to be lower compared to drier May and June During the monsoon there are frequent heavy rains and thunderstorms but flooding is not common The highest temperature ever recorded was 49 0 C 120 2 F on 23 May 1994 The city s average temperature remains below 20 C or 68 F between December and February These months are mild dry and pleasant sometimes chilly The lowest temperature ever recorded was 2 2 C 28 0 F on 31 January 1905 1 February 1905 amp 16 January 1964 Jaipur like many other major cities of the world is a significant urban heat island zone with surrounding rural temperatures occasionally falling below freezing in winters 23 Climate data for Jaipur Jaipur International Airport 1981 2010 extremes 1952 2012Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec YearRecord high C F 31 7 89 1 36 7 98 1 42 8 109 0 44 9 112 8 49 0 120 2 47 2 117 0 46 7 116 1 41 7 107 1 41 7 107 1 40 0 104 0 36 4 97 5 32 0 89 6 49 0 120 2 Mean maximum C F 27 2 81 0 31 4 88 5 37 1 98 8 41 9 107 4 44 3 111 7 43 7 110 7 39 4 102 9 36 1 97 0 37 5 99 5 36 9 98 4 33 1 91 6 28 3 82 9 44 8 112 6 Average high C F 22 6 72 7 25 7 78 3 31 6 88 9 37 4 99 3 40 7 105 3 39 6 103 3 34 6 94 3 32 7 90 9 34 2 93 6 33 8 92 8 29 3 84 7 24 5 76 1 32 2 90 0 Average low C F 8 6 47 5 11 4 52 5 16 8 62 2 22 2 72 0 26 5 79 7 27 7 81 9 26 1 79 0 24 8 76 6 23 6 74 5 19 6 67 3 14 0 57 2 9 5 49 1 19 2 66 6 Mean minimum C F 3 8 38 8 6 1 43 0 11 3 52 3 16 7 62 1 20 9 69 6 22 2 72 0 23 1 73 6 22 3 72 1 20 8 69 4 15 2 59 4 9 1 48 4 4 8 40 6 3 5 38 3 Record low C F 2 2 28 0 2 2 28 0 3 3 37 9 9 4 48 9 15 6 60 1 18 4 65 1 20 6 69 1 18 9 66 0 15 0 59 0 11 1 52 0 3 3 37 9 0 0 32 0 2 2 28 0 Average rainfall mm inches 5 5 0 22 4 9 0 19 4 2 0 17 8 2 0 32 18 7 0 74 68 8 2 71 220 8 8 69 194 8 7 67 71 4 2 81 20 1 0 79 5 3 0 21 3 8 0 15 626 5 24 67 Average rainy days 0 6 0 9 0 7 0 9 1 3 4 2 9 8 9 4 4 8 1 2 0 2 0 3 34 3Average relative humidity at 17 30 IST 37 29 21 17 19 33 60 67 50 31 34 39 36Average dew point C F 6 43 7 45 7 45 8 46 12 54 19 66 24 75 24 75 21 70 13 55 9 48 6 43 13 55 Average ultraviolet index 5 7 9 11 12 12 12 12 10 8 6 5 9 1Source 1 India Meteorological Department 24 25 26 Climate of Jaipur 27 Time and Date dewpoints 2005 2015 28 Source 2 Weather Atlas 29 Demographics EditHistorical populationYearPop 1881142 600 1891158 900 11 4 1901160 000 0 7 1911137 100 14 3 1921120 200 12 3 1931144 200 20 0 1941175 800 21 9 1951291 000 65 5 1961403 400 38 6 1968533 200 32 2 1971636 800 19 4 19811 004 700 57 8 19911 518 200 51 1 20012 322 575 53 0 20113 073 350 32 3 Source Census of India 30 31 32 According to the provisional report of 2011 census Jaipur city had a population of 3 073 350 32 The overall literacy rate for the city is 84 34 90 61 males and 77 41 females were literate 32 The sex ratio was 898 females per 1 000 males amp the child sex ratio was recorded 854 32 However the population of the city is expected to grow up to around 39 1 lakhs 3 91 million Languages Edit The official language of Jaipur is Hindi and the additional official language is English 4 The native and main dialect of the city is Dhundari The Marwari and Standard Hindi dialects are also spoken along with English 5 33 Religion Edit Religion in Jaipur City 2011 Religion Percent Hinduism 87 9 Islam 8 6 Jainism 2 4 Others 1 2 According to the 2011 census Hindus form the majority religious group accounting for 87 9 of the city s population followed by Muslims 8 6 Jains 2 4 and others 1 2 34 Governance and politics Edit Rajasthan Vidhan Sabha Civic administration Edit The Jaipur Municipal Corporation JMC was established in the year 1994 35 The area of the municipal corporation is 467 square km 2 and it is governed under the Rajasthan Municipality Act of 1959 35 The municipal corporation is headed by a mayor 36 JMC was recently bifurcated into two Municipal Corporations namely Greater Jaipur Municipal Corporation and Jaipur Heritage Municipal Corporation 37 Originally the municipality had 91 wards and each ward was represented by an elected member However the Local Self Government Department of Rajasthan divided Jaipur into two municipal corporations namely Greater Jaipur Municipal Corporation and Heritage Jaipur Municipal Corporation with 150 and 100 wards each respectively 38 The latest elections were held in October 2020 which were postponed due to COVID 19 39 However elections for the 100 wards of Jaipur Heritage Municipal Corporation were held on 29 October 2020 40 The mayor is the elected representative of the city The current mayor of Jaipur Municipal Corporation Greater is Smt Somya Gurjar since 10 November 2020 and the mayor for Jaipur Municipal Corporation Heritage is Smt Munesh Gurjar since 10 November 2020 41 The administration duties are carried out by the municipal commissioner and his group of officials The municipal commissioner of Jaipur is Mahendra Soni IAS The estimated municipal budget for the year 2022 23 is 8950 lakhs 42 The key revenue sources for Jaipur municipality are taxes which include House tax Urban Development tax and octroi compensation Along with this it also gains revenue from various fees and user charges 42 The masterplan for the city 2025 was created by the Jaipur Development Authority 43 Legislative assembly and state agencies Edit Jaipur consists of two parliamentary constituencies Jaipur and Jaipur Rural 44 The political party with a majority in Jaipur is the Indian National Congress It also has electives from the BJP and INC party 45 The Jaipur Lok Sabha constituency comprises eight Vidhansabha legislative assembly segments all of which fall partly in Jaipur city 46 MLA for Hawa Mahal is Mahesh Joshi from INC MLA for Vidhyadhar Nagar is Narpat Singh Rajvi from BJP MLA for Civil Lines is Pratap Singh Khachariyavas from INC MLA for Kishanpole is Amin Kagzi from INC MLA for Adarsh Nagar is Rafeek Khan from INC 47 48 MLA for Malviya Nagar constituency is Kalicharan Saraf from BJP MLA for Sanganer constituency is Ashok Lahoty from BJP and lastly the MLA for Bagru is Ganga Devi from INC 47 48 The Jaipur Rural Lok Sabha constituency also comprises eight vidhan sabha segments There are in the northern outskirts of the Jaipur city MLA for Kotputli is Rajendra Singh Yadav from INC MLA for Viratnagar is Indraj Gurjar from INC MLA for Shahpura is Alok Beniwal Independent MLA for Phulera is Nirmal Kumawat from BJP MLA for Jhotwara is Lalchand Kataria from INC MLA for Amber is Satish Poonia from BJP MLA for Jamwa Ramgarh is Gopal Meena from INC and lastly MLA for Bansur is Shakuntala Rawat from INC Law and order Edit The city police in Jaipur is under the jurisdiction of the Rajasthan State Department 49 The current Police Commissioner for Jaipur City Police is Mr Anand Srivastava 50 In Jaipur City there is a District and Sessions court present It also has a family court 51 Civic utilities EditJaipur Development Authority JDA is the nodal government agency responsible for the planning and development of Jaipur Jaipur also falls under the Jaipur district of the state of Rajasthan in western India There are 13 tehsils in the district which are named Jaipur Amer Bassi Chaksu Chomu Mojmabad Jamwa Ramgarh Phage Phulera Kotputli Sanganer Shahpura Viratnagar The total area of the district is 14068 square km 52 Jaipur Municipal Corporation is responsible for maintaining the city s civic infrastructure and carrying out associated administrative duties 53 Electricity in Jaipur City is supplied through Jaipur Vidyut Vitaran Nigam LTD JVVNL by the Government of Rajasthan 54 Jaipur MC has a fire department wing and there are 11 fire stations with 50 fire tenders in the state capital However with the city is expanding and the population increasing the existing infrastructure is not sufficient to cater to the city s requirements 55 Jaipur a Tier 2 city also does not have rescue tenders used for cutting material or a turntable ladder TTL used for dousing flames from aerial angles without entering the building 55 Water supply sewerage and drainage Edit The Rajasthan government has formed the Jaipur Water Supply and Sewerage Board JWSSB for the management of water supply and sewerage services in urban areas of the city JWSSB an autonomous body has been constituted under the JWSSB Ordinance 2018 56 It will ensure water supply as per the standards stipulated by the Bureau of Indian Standards the State Pollution Control Board or Rajasthan s Public Health Engineering Department PHED 56 JWSSB will be responsible for financing designing constructing altering repairing operating and maintaining various water supply and sewerage schemes It will also provide meters and carry out commercial services such as meter reading billing and revenue collection 56 The Jaipur Development Authority has divided the city into four main drainage zones with the northern and central zones draining into the Dravyavati river while the western zone drains into the Chandler lake and the eastern and southern areas combined drain into the Dhundh River 57 Sewerage systems and STPs have been constructed accordingly with the installed capacity being 730 km of sewer lines and 442 MLD of sewage treatment 58 Solid waste management Edit The corporation has a new solid waste management system that includes door to door collection transportation of garbage in covered vehicles proper deployment of dustbins use of modern equipment 59 The system ensures private investment as well as public participation with a small amount of monthly user charges The size of the JMC garbage can be kept at a manageable level 59 Complete Sanitation work in 3 zones namely Hawamahal Zone East Hawamahal West Motidungari Zone and Pratap Nagar has been contracted out through National Tendering 59 Tourism EditSee also List of attractions in Jaipur Jaipur is a major tourist destination in India forming a part of the Golden Triangle 60 In the 2008 Conde Nast Traveller Readers Choice Survey Jaipur was ranked the 7th best place to visit in Asia 61 According to TripAdvisor s 2015 Traveller s Choice Awards for Destination Jaipur ranked 1st among the Indian destinations for the year 62 The Presidential Suite at the Raj Palace Hotel billed at US 45 000 per night was listed in second place on CNN s World s 15 most expensive hotel suites in 2012 63 Jaipur Exhibition amp Convention Centre JECC is Rajasthan s biggest convention and exhibition centre 64 It is famous for organising events such as Vastara Jaipur Jewellery Show Stonemart 2015 and Resurgent Rajasthan Partnership Summit 2015 65 Visitor attractions include the Birla Auditorium Albert Hall Museum Hawa Mahal Jal Mahal City Palace Amer Fort Jantar Mantar Nahargarh Fort Jaigarh Fort Birla Mandir Galtaji Govind Dev Ji Temple Garh Ganesh Temple Moti Dungri Ganesh Temple Sanghiji Jain temple and the Jaipur Zoo 66 The Jantar Mantar observatory The Jantar Mantar is a collection of 19 astronomical instruments remarkable at their time and Amer Fort are one of the World Heritage Sites 67 Hawa Mahal is a five storey pyramidal shaped monument with 953 windows 68 that rises 15 metres 50 ft from its high base Sisodiya Rani Bagh and Kanak Vrindavan are the major parks in Jaipur 69 Raj Mandir is a notable cinema hall in Jaipur Jaipur now has options to view the entire city via a Hot Air Balloon ride 70 Albert Hall Museum Hawa Mahal Jal Mahal City Palace Amer Fort Jantar Mantar Jaigarh Fort Galtaji Nahargarh Fort Birla MandirTravel Leisure The World s Best Awards 2020Jaipur was ranked Number 8 in The Top 15 Cities in Asia 71 Culture EditJaipur has many cultural sites like Jawahar Kala Kendra formed by Architect Charles Correa and Ravindra Manch Government Central Museum hosts several arts and antiquities There is a government museum at Hawa Mahal and an art gallery at Viratnagar There are statues depicting Rajasthani culture around the city 72 73 Jaipur has many traditional shops selling antiques and handicrafts as well as contemporary brands reviving traditional techniques such as Anokhi The prior rulers of Jaipur patronised a number of arts and crafts They invited skilled artisans artists and craftsmen from India and abroad who settled in the city Some of the crafts include bandhani block printing stone carving and sculpture tarkashi zari gota patti kinari and zardozi silver jewellery gems kundan meenakari and jewellery Lakh ki Chudiya miniature paintings blue pottery ivory carving shellac work and leather ware 74 69 Jaipur has its own performing arts The Jaipur Gharana for Kathak is one of the three gharanas of the major north Indian classical dance form of Kathak 75 The Jaipur Gharana of Kathak is known for its rapid intricate dance forms vivacious body movements and subtle Abhinaya 75 The Ghoomar is a popular folk dance style 76 77 78 Tamasha is an art form where Kathputli puppet dance is shown in play form 33 Major festivals celebrated in Jaipur include Elephant Festival Gangaur Makar Sankranti Holi Diwali Vijayadashami Teej Eid Mahavir Jayanti and Christmas Jaipur is also famous for the Jaipur Literature Festival the world s largest free literature festival in which authors writers and literature lovers from all over the country participate 79 Architecture Edit Streets of Jaipur The city was planned according to the Indian Vastu shastra by Vidyadhar Bhattacharya in 1727 80 There are three gates facing east west and north The eastern gate is called Suraj pol sun gate the western gate is called Chand pol moon gate and the northern gate faces the ancestral capital of Amer 16 81 The city is unusual among pre modern Indian cities in the regularity of its streets and the division of the city into six sectors by broad streets 34 m 111 ft wide The urban quarters are further divided by networks of gridded streets Five quarters wrap around the east south and west sides of a central palace quarter with a sixth quarter immediately to the east The Palace quarter encloses the Hawa Mahal palace complex formal gardens and a small lake Nahargarh Fort which was the residence of the King Sawai Jai Singh II crowns the hill in the northwest corner of the old city 69 Cuisine Edit Dal Bati Churma Typical dishes include Dal Baati Churma Missi Roti Gatte ki Sabzi Lahsun ki chutney Ker Sangri Makke ki Ghat Bajre ki Ghat Bajre ki Roti and Laal Maans 82 Jaipur is also known for its sweets which include Ghevar Feeni Mawa Kachori Gajak Meethi thuli Chauguni ke laddu and Moong Thal 83 84 Economy Edit World Trade Park Jaipur is a shopping mall opened in 2012 As per the official records released by the Directorate of Economics and Statistics Rajasthan the GDP nominal of Jaipur district is estimated at INR 1 22 140 crores 15 8 billion in 2020 21 with a per capita GDP of INR 1 41 305 85 In addition to its role as the provincial capital educational and administrative centre the economy of Jaipur is fuelled by tourism gemstone cutting the manufacture of jewellery and luxury textiles and information technology 86 Three major trade promotion organisations have their offices in Jaipur These are Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce amp Industry FICCI the PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry PHDCCI and the Confederation of Indian Industry CII which has its regional offices here In 2008 Jaipur was ranked 31 among the 50 Emerging Global Outsourcing cities 87 Jaipur Stock Exchange was one of the regional stock exchanges in India and was founded in 1989 but was closed in March 2015 88 Jaipur has emerged as a hub of automotive industries JCB Hero MotoCorp and Robert Bosch GmbH have their manufacturing plants in Jaipur 89 90 91 Chemical manufacturers in the city are Aro Granite and Emami Agrotech National Engineering Industries have a plant in Jaipur 92 The city is among top emerging IT hubs of India along with Ahmedabad Bhubaneswar and Kochi Mahindra World City is an integrated business zone in Jaipur It is home to several software and IT companies including Genpact Appirio Infosys Wipro ICICI Bank Connexions and Deutsche Bank 93 94 The Government of Rajasthan have built Asia s largest incubator in Jaipur the Bhamashah Techno Hub 95 Jaipur is a major hub for arts and crafts It has many traditional shops selling antiques jewellery handicrafts gems bangles pottery carpets textiles leather and metal products Jaipur is one of India s largest manufacturers of hand knotted rugs 96 97 Jaipur foot a rubber based prosthetic leg for people with below knee amputations was designed and is produced in Jaipur 98 99 World Trade Park Jaipur is a shopping mall in Jaipur opened in 2012 Communication EditJaipur has offices of companies like Airtel Jio VI Vodafone Idea and BSNL which are providing mobile telephony and there are also various internet service providers in the city The government of Rajasthan has started free WiFi at various public places like Central Park Jantar Mantar among others Rajasthan s first ISP Data Ingenious Global Limited still providing large number of broadband customers and email services in entire Jaipur 100 Broadband Services Edit Jaipur has got a good network of broadband services both in Old Jaipur and New Jaipur Jaipur is served by BSNL FTTH Tata Play Fiber ACT Data Ingenious Jio and Airtel citation needed Media Edit Major daily newspapers in Jaipur include Amar Ujala 101 Rajasthan Patrika Dainik Bhaskar Indian Express Dainik Navajyoti and The Times of India 102 103 The state owned All India Radio is broadcast both on the medium wave and FM band in the city Private FM stations include Radio Mirchi 98 3 MHz Radio City 91 1 MHz My FM 94 3 MHz FM Tadka 95 FM 95 0 MHz Mirchi Love 104 0 MHz Red FM 93 5 93 5 MHz and Gyan Vani 105 6 MHz The city has a community FM channel in FM Radio 7 90 4 MHz by India International School Institutional Network The public broadcaster Doordarshan Prasar Bharati provides a regional channel in addition to the private broadcasters Transport EditRoads Edit Jaipur is located on National Highway No 48 connecting Delhi and Mumbai National Highway 52 links Jaipur with Kota and National Highway 21 links Jaipur with Agra RSRTC operates bus service to major cities in Rajasthan New Delhi Uttar Pradesh Haryana Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Punjab and Gujarat City buses are operated by Jaipur City Transport Services Limited JCTSL 104 of RSRTC 105 The service operates more than 400 regular and low floor buses Major bus depots are located at Vaishali Nagar Vidyadhar Nagar and Sanganer Jaipur BRTS was approved by the government in August 2006 Jaipur BRTS is managed by JCSTL a special purpose vehicle formed by Jaipur Development Authority and Jaipur Nagar Nigam In Phase I two corridors have been proposed a North South Corridor from Sikar Road to Tonk Road and an East West Corridor from Ajmer Road to Delhi Road A section of the North South Corridor from bypass near Harmada to Pani Pech became operational in 2010 106 107 Jaipur Ring Road is a project of Jaipur Development Authority to reduce increasing traffic of Jaipur city 108 which connects NH 21 Agra Road NH 48 Ajmer Road NH 52 Tonk Road and NH 52 Malpura Road having a length of 150 km 109 The 57 km out of 150 km long six lane Jaipur Ring Road has been completed at a cost of Rs 1217 crore which was inaugurated by Sushma Swaraj Arun Jaitley and Nitin Gadkari Bhawani Singh Road named after the last Maharaja of Jaipur which begins from Nehru Sahkar Bhawan and ends at the intersection where Birla Mandir is situated is one of the most popular roads in the city with notable places like Rambagh Palace Golf Club and Jaipur Development Authority Office falling on its path A similarly named road Bhawani Singh Lane serves as a place where the prominent people of Jaipur reside The road also serves as a passage for the offices of companies like ETV Rajasthan Redington India Limited Hal Clyde Denison and Rajasthan Tourism Bureau 110 Rail Edit Jaipur Junction Railway Station Jaipur is the headquarters of North Western Railway Zone of Indian Railways 111 Metro Edit Jaipur Metro Jaipur Metro commenced commercial operation on 3 June 2015 112 Phase 1A is operational between Mansarovar and Chandpole consisting of nine stations namely Mansarovar New Aatish Market Vivek Vihar Shyam Nagar Ram Nagar Civil Line Railway Station Sindhi Camp and Chandpole 113 The Phase 1B was constructed with an estimated cost of 97 32 billion 1 74 billion 114 It became operational on 23 September 2020 115 116 Airport Edit Jaipur International Airport is in Sanganer 12 2 km 8 miles from the centre The airport handled 363 899 international and 2 540 451 domestic passengers in 2015 2016 117 Jaipur Airport also provides air cargo services During winter sometimes flights towards Indira Gandhi International Airport are diverted to Jaipur Airport due to heavy fog in Delhi 118 Education Edit MNIT Public and private schools in Jaipur are governed by the Central Board of Secondary Education or Board of Secondary Education Rajasthan International Board of education and follow a 10 2 plan This plan entails eight years of primary education and four years of secondary education The secondary school includes two years of upper secondary education which is more specific and diverse than the two years of lower secondary education before it 119 Languages of instruction include English and Hindi Notable institutions in the city are University of Rajasthan Rajasthan University of Health Sciences Dr Bhimrao Ambedkar Law University Rajasthan Sanskrit University Haridev Joshi University of Journalism and Mass Communication Suresh Gyan Vihar University Malaviya National Institute of Technology LNM Institute of Information Technology University of Technology National Institute of Ayurveda Sawai Man Singh Medical College and Subodh College among others There are several digital marketing institutes in Jaipur As EIIM Digilearning Quibus training to name a few Admission to Engineering colleges in Jaipur many of which are affiliated to Rajasthan Technical University Kota is through Rajasthan Engineering Admission Process Some of the colleges that are affiliated to Rajasthan Technical University are Maharishi Arvind Institute of Engineering amp Technology Poornima College of Engineering Arya College Arya Group of Colleges Sports Edit Sawai Mansingh Stadium The main cricket stadium in the city Sawai Mansingh Stadium has a seating capacity of 30 000 and has hosted national and international cricket matches 120 It is also the home ground of IPL team Rajasthan Royals Sawai Mansingh Indoor Stadium Chaugan Stadium and Railway Cricket Ground are the other sporting arenas in the city A new stadium has been proposed for Chonp Village with a seating capacity 75 000 It would be the third largest cricket stadium in the world after the Sardar Patel Stadium and the Melbourne Cricket Ground The city is represented in the IPL by Rajasthan Royals 2008 2016 2018 present 121 122 and in Pro Kabaddi League by Jaipur Pink Panthers 123 A new cricket stadium located 27 km from Jaipur is under construction In July 2021 Chief Minister Ashok Gehlot said that the stadium will have a total seating capacity of 75000 and will be constructed in two phases of which the seating accommodation of 45 000 people will be completed in the first phase and expansion for another 30 000 will be done in the second phase 124 125 In popular culture EditPaul McCartney wrote and recorded the Jaipur tribute song Riding into Jaipur 4 08 whose minimalist lyrics say riding to Jaipur riding through the night riding with my baby oh what a delight oh what a delight it is The song was released on his 2001 studio album Driving Rain Jaipur is the setting for the film The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel and its sequel The Second Best Exotic Marigold Hotel which follow the adventures of a group of senior European ex pats who retire to Jaipur and in the process discover their true selves Notable people EditGayatri Devi 23 May 1919 29 July 2009 Maharani of Jaipur Irrfan Khan Indian actor in Bollywood British and American films Anshu Jain 1963 2022 banker Hasrat Jaipuri 1922 1999 Urdu Hindi poet and Bollywood lyricist Syed Akbar Jaipuri 1928 1998 Urdu poet from Jaipur Mungtu Ram Jaipuria Indian industrialist and educationist son of Anandaram Jaipuria and the founder of Seth Anandram Jaipuria College and Seth M R Jaipuria Schools including Seth Anandram Jaipuria School Lucknow Rajaram Jaipuria 1934 2015 Indian industrialist and educationist son of Mungtu Ram Jaipuria Ravi Jaipuria Indian businessman Ajay Data Indian entrepreneur Sitaram Jaipuria 1926 1985 Indian politician Habib Miyan claimed to be the oldest man in the world Man Singh II 21 August 1912 24 June 1970 Smita Bansal Indian Actress Asrani Indian Actor Daulat Mal Bhandari Vikrant Bhargava Ila Arun Vishwa Mohan Bhatt Sunil Vaswani Apurvi Chandela Jesse Randhawa Ashish Sharma Hafiz Salahuddin Yusuf Shubhi Sharma Indian actress who is active mainly in Bhojpuri language films 126 127 Rohit Jangid wushu player 128 See also EditGram Bharati Samiti Jaipuria VidyalayaTehsils of Jaipur Chomu Shahpura Sanganer PhuleraReferences Edit a b Jaipur Tussle between Heritage and 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EditBhatt Kavi Shiromani Shastry Mathuranath 1948 Jaipur Vaibhawam History of Jaipur written in Sanskrit Re published in 2002 by Kalanath Shastry Manjunath Smriti Sansthan Jaipur Khangarot R S Nathawat P S 1990 Jaigarh The Invincible Fort of Amer RBSA Publishers Jaipur Sachdev Vibhuti Tillotson Giles Henry Rupert 2002 Building Jaipur The Making of an Indian City Reaktion Books London ISBN 1 86189 137 7 Sarkar Jadunath 1984 A History of Jaipur Orient Longman Limited New Delhi ISBN 81 250 0333 9 Volwahsen Andreas 2001 Cosmic Architecture in India The Astronomical Monuments of Maharaja Jai Singh II Prestel Mapin Munich External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jaipur Wikiquote has quotations related to Jaipur Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Jaipur Geographic data related to Jaipur at OpenStreetMapPortal IndiaJaipur at Wikipedia s sister projects Media from Commons News from Wikinews Quotations from Wikiquote Texts from Wikisource Travel guides from Wikivoyage Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Jaipur amp oldid 1142652257, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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