The following is the chart of the International Phonetic Alphabet, a standardized system of phonetic symbols devised and maintained by the International Phonetic Association. It is not a complete list of all possible speech sounds in the world's languages, only those about which stand-alone articles exist in this encyclopedia.
The International Phonetic Alphabet and the IPA Chart
Interactive IPA chart
March 12, 2023
international, phonetic, alphabet, chart, this, article, contains, phonetic, transcriptions, international, phonetic, alphabet, introductory, guide, symbols, help, distinction, between, brackets, transcription, delimiters, following, chart, international, phon. This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet IPA For an introductory guide on IPA symbols see Help IPA For the distinction between and see IPA Brackets and transcription delimiters The following is the chart of the International Phonetic Alphabet a standardized system of phonetic symbols devised and maintained by the International Phonetic Association It is not a complete list of all possible speech sounds in the world s languages only those about which stand alone articles exist in this encyclopedia Contents 1 Official chart 2 Vowels 3 Consonants 3 1 Pulmonic consonants 3 2 Non pulmonic consonants 3 3 Co articulated consonants 3 4 Other consonants 4 Tones 5 Auxiliary symbols 6 See also 7 External linksOfficial chart Edit The official IPA chart revised to 2020Vowels EditFront Central BackClose i y ɨ ʉ ɯ uNear close ɪ ʏ ʊClose mid e o ɘ ɵ ɤ oMid e o e ɤ o Open mid ɛ œ ɜ ɞ ʌ ɔNear open ae ɐOpen a ɶ a ɑ ɒIPA help audio full chart template Legend unrounded roundedConsonants EditPulmonic consonants Edit Place Labial Coronal Dorsal LaryngealManner Bi labial Labio dental Linguo labial Dental Alveolar Post alveolar Retro flex Palatal Velar Uvular Pharyn geal epi glottal GlottalNasal m m ɱ n n n ɳ ɳ ɲ ɲ ŋ ŋ ɴPlosive p b p b t d t d ʈ ɖ c ɟ k ɡ q ɢ ʡ ʔSibilant affricate ts dz t ʃ d ʒ tʂ dʐ tɕ dʑNon sibilant affricate pɸ bb p f b v t 8 d d tɹ dɹ t ɹ d ɹ cc ɟʝ kx ɡɣ qx ɢʁ ʡʜ ʡʢ ʔhSibilant fricative s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ ɕ ʑNon sibilant fricative ɸ b f v 8 d 8 d 8 d ɹ ɹ ɻ ɻ c ʝ x ɣ x ʁ ħ ʕ h ɦApproximant ʋ ɹ ɻ j ɰ ʔ Tap flap ⱱ ⱱ ɾ ɾ ɾ ɽ ɽ ɢ ʡ Trill ʙ ʙ r r ɽ r ɽr ʀ ʀ ʜ ʢLateral affricate tɬ dɮ tꞎ dɭ c ɟʎ k ɡʟ Lateral fricative ɬ ɮ ꞎ ɭ ʎ ʟ Lateral approximant l ɭ ʎ ʟ ʟ Lateral tap flap ɺ ɺ ʎ ʟ IPA help audio full chart template Symbols to the right in a cell are voiced to the left are voiceless Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible Non pulmonic consonants Edit BL LD D A PA RF P V U EGEjective Stop pʼ tʼ ʈʼ cʼ kʼ qʼ ʡʼAffricate t 8ʼ tsʼ t ʃʼ tʂʼ kxʼ qxʼFricative ɸʼ fʼ 8ʼ sʼ ʃʼ ʂʼ ɕʼ xʼ xʼLateral affricate tɬʼ c ʼ k ʼLateral fricative ɬʼClick top velar bottom uvular Tenuis kʘqʘ kǀqǀ kǃqǃ k q kǂqǂVoiced ɡʘɢʘ ɡǀɢǀ ɡǃɢǃ ɡ ɢ ɡǂɢǂNasal ŋʘɴʘ ŋǀɴǀ ŋǃɴǃ ŋ ɴ ŋǂɴǂ ʞ Tenuis lateral kǁqǁVoiced lateral ɡǁɢǁNasal lateral ŋǁɴǁImplosive Voiced ɓ ɗ ᶑ ʄ ɠ ʛVoiceless ɓ ɗ ᶑ ʄ ɠ ʛ IPA help audio full chart template Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible Co articulated consonants Edit Nasal n m Labial alveolar ŋ m Labial velar Plosive t pd b Labial alveolar k pɡ b Labial velar q ʡ Uvular epiglottal Fricative approximant ɥ ɥ Labial palatal ʍw Labial velar ɧ Sj sound variable Lateral approximant ɫ Velarized alveolarIPA help full chart templateOther consonants Edit Nasal palatal approximant j Nasal labial velar approximant w Voiceless nasal glottal approximant h Voiceless bilabially post trilled dental stop t ʙ Voiceless bidental fricative h Tones EditTone registers Extra high top High Mid Low Extra low bottom ꜜ Downstepꜛ UpstepTone contours Rising low to high Falling high to low High rising Mid rising Low rising High falling Mid falling Low falling Rising falling Peaking Falling rising Dipping Auxiliary symbols EditDiacritics Voiceless Breathy voiced Dental Voiced Creaky voiced Apical ʰ Aspirated Linguolabial Laminal More rounded ʷ Labialized Nasalized Less rounded ʲ Palatalized ⁿ Nasal release Advanced ˠ Velarized ˡ Lateral release Retracted ˤ Pharyngealized No audible release Centralized Velarized or pharyngealized ᵊ Mid central vowel release Mid centralized Raised ᶿ Voiceless dental fricative release Syllabic Lowered ˣ Voiceless velar fricative release Non syllabic Advanced tongue root ʼ Ejective Rhoticity Retracted tongue root Affricate or double articulationSuprasegmentals ˈ Primary stressˌ Secondary stressː Longˑ Half long Extra short Minor foot group Major intonation group Syllable break Linking absence of a break Global rise Global fallTranscription Phonetic transcription Phonemic transcription Prosodic notation Indistinguishable utterance Sound obscuredSee also EditIPA vowel chart with audio IPA pulmonic consonant chart with audio International Phonetic Alphabet chart for English dialects Extensions to the International Phonetic Alphabet Obsolete and nonstandard symbols in the International Phonetic AlphabetExternal links EditThe International Phonetic Alphabet and the IPA Chart Interactive IPA chart Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title International Phonetic Alphabet chart amp oldid 1143653210, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
