Wikipedia
Bilabial ejective stop
The bilabial ejective is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨pʼ⟩.
| Bilabial ejective stop | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| pʼ | |||
| IPA Number | 101 + 401 | ||
| Audio sample | |||
source · help | |||
| Encoding | |||
| Entity (decimal) | pʼ | ||
| Unicode (hex) | U+0070 U+02BC | ||
| X-SAMPA | p_> | ||
| Braille | |||
| |||
Features
Features of the bilabial ejective:
- Its manner of articulation is occlusive, which means it is produced by obstructing airflow in the vocal tract. Since the consonant is also oral, with no nasal outlet, the airflow is blocked entirely, and the consonant is a plosive.
- Its place of articulation is bilabial, which means it is articulated with both lips.
- It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.
- Because the sound is not produced with airflow over the tongue, the central–lateral dichotomy does not apply.
- The airstream mechanism is ejective (glottalic egressive), which means the air is forced out by pumping the glottis upward.
Occurrence
In addition to the languages listed below, this sound is also a common phonological feature of the Ethiopian Linguistic Area, especially Ethiopian Semitic languages.
| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adyghe | пӏакӏэ/ | [pʼaːt͡ʃʼa] (help·info) | 'thin' | ||
| Amharic | ጴጥሮስ/p̣iéṭros | [pʼetʼros] | 'Peter' | ||
| Armenian | Yerevan dialect[1] | պոչ/pochʿ | [pʼotʃʰ] | 'tail' | Corresponds to tenuis [p⁼] in other Eastern dialects |
| Chechen | пӏелг/ṗelg | [pʼelɡ] | 'finger' | ||
| Ganza[2]: 95 | [pʼá̰bḭ́] | 'gathering' | |||
| Georgian | პეპელა/pepela | [pʼɛpʼɛlɑ] | 'butterfly' | ||
| Hadza | hûbbu | [ɦuːpʼu] | 'to lift something heavy' | (mimetic) | |
| Haida | ttappad | [tʼapʼat] | 'to break' | (mimetic) | |
| Halkomelem | p̓əq̓ | [pʼəqʼ] | 'white' | ||
| Kabardian | цӏапӏэ/claplè | [t͡sʼaːpʼa] (help·info) | 'mean' | ||
| Nez Perce | p’íłin | [ˈpʼiɬin] | 'hole' | ||
| Ossetian | Iron | пъовыр/phovyr | [ˈpʼovɪ̈r] | 'cook' | |
| Quechua | p’acha | [pʼat͡ʃa] | 'clothes' | ||
| Ubykh | wıp'ts'e | [wɨpʼtsʼɜ] | 'your name' | See Ubykh phonology | |
| Yurok[3] | kaap' | [kaːpʼ] | 'leaves' | ||
See also
Notes
- ^ Dum-Tragut (2009:17–18)
- ^ Smolders, Joshua (2016). "A Phonology of Ganza" (pdf). Linguistic Discovery. 14 (1): 86–144. doi:10.1349/PS1.1537-0852.A.470. Retrieved 2017-01-16.
- ^ "Yurok consonants". Yurok Language Project. UC Berkeley. from the original on 2011-06-29. Retrieved 2021-04-17.
References
- Dum-Tragut, Jasmine (2009), Armenian: Modern Eastern Armenian, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company
External links
- List of languages with [pʼ] on PHOIBLE