This article is about the general concept. For town governments establishing official links, see Sister city. For the area typically called the "Twin Cities" in the United States, see Minneapolis–Saint Paul. For other uses, see Twin city.
Twin cities are a special case of two neighboring cities or urban centres that grow into a single conurbation – or narrowly separated urban areas – over time. There are no formal criteria, but twin cities are generally comparable in status and size, though not necessarily equal; a city and a substantially smaller suburb would not typically qualify, even if they were once separate. Tri-cities and quad cities are similar phenomena involving three or four municipalities.
High-rise buildings in Minneapolis's Cedar-Riverside neighborhood, with the Downtown Saint Paul skyline visible in the background. Minneapolis' city limits border those of Saint Paul, the capital of Minnesota. From Downtown Minneapolis to Downtown Saint Paul is only 10 miles in length. This gave birth to the nickname of the region, the "Twin Cities" metropolitan area.A view of the town of Tornio (Finland), which forms a twin city with Haparanda (Sweden)
A common – but not universal – scenario is two cities that developed concurrently on opposite sides of a river. For example, Minneapolis and Saint Paul in Minnesota – one of the most widely known pairs of "Twin Cities" – were founded several miles apart on opposite sides of the Mississippi River, and competed for prominence as they grew.
In some cases twin cities eventually merge into a single legal municipality, such as Buda and Pest merging in 1873 into Budapest, Hungary; Brooklyn being annexed by New York City in 1898; or the three ancient cities of Hankou, Hanyang, and Wuchang joining in 1927 into Wuhan, China.
This article may contain excessive or irrelevant examples. Please help improve the article by adding descriptive text and removing less pertinent examples.(November 2009)
Rome, Italy and Vatican City, Holy See. Vatican City is the only sovereign state surrounded entirely by a single city, Rome. The Vatican was an area in Rome and part of Italy until 1929, when Pope Pius XI and Benito Mussolini signed the Lateran Treaty.
The Florence-Muscle Shoals Metropolitan Area in Alabama, United States, is locally referred to as "the Quad Cities", with Florence, Muscle Shoals, Sheffield, and Tuscumbia, Alabama. Formerly, when Muscle Shoals was a mere village, this region was known as "Tri-Cities", Alabama. In fact, all except Florence are incorporated as towns.
Fukuoka in Japan, a city of 1.4 million people, formerly the twin cities of Hakata and Fukuoka until the late 19th century.
Kitakyushu in Japan, a city of 900,000 people, created in 1963 by the merger of Yahata, Kokura, Moji, Wakamatsu, and Tobata. Yahata and Kokura had formerly been major cities in their own right.
Saitama in Japan, a city of 1.2 million people, created in 2001 by the merger of the cities of Urawa, Omiya, Yono, and later Iwatsuki. Urawa and Omiya could formerly have been considered twin cities.
Pakistan
Islamabad, the capital city of Pakistan, has been expanded to include smaller towns including Rawat in its territory.
Lahore, the second largest city of Pakistan, has, as of 2013, grown out so much that small towns by this giant city, such as Shahdara, have been absorbed in its city limits.
Taiwan
The former cities of Taoyuan and Zhongli, Taiwan, which merged along with the entire county in 2014 to form a single municipality city of Taoyuan, the two cities sit directly next to each other and shares almost the same population.
Thailand
Bangkok, the capital and largest city of Thailand, was created in 1971, when the previous Bangkok province (Phra Nakhon) was merged with Thonburi province.
Vietnam
The cities of Saigon and Cholon merged in 1931 to form a single city named Saigon-Cholon; in 1956, the name Cholon was dropped and the city became known as Saigon (now Ho Chi Minh City), Vietnam.
Eindhoven, the Netherlands, merged with five neighbouring municipalities (Woensel, Tongelre, Stratum, Gestel en Blaarthem and Strijp) into the new Groot-Eindhoven ("Greater Eindhoven") in 1920. The prefix "Groot-" was later dropped.
Montreal, Quebec, Canada, was merged with the other 27 communities on the Island of Montreal by an act in the Quebec Parliament in 2002. Following a change in the provincial government, several communities later voted via referendum to de-merge and there are now a total of 15, leaving Montreal merged with the other 12.
Lloydminster, Canada, on the Saskatchewan-Alberta border, was formed as a single entity in 1903, when both future provinces were part of the Northwest Territories, but was divided into two separate entities in 1905 because the border between the newly created provinces bisected the community. In 1930, the two towns were reunited as a single town under the shared jurisdiction of both provinces, and Lloydminster was reincorporated as a single city in 1958.
Fremont, California was formed in 1956 by the combination of the five towns of Centerville, Irvington, Niles, Mission San Jose, and Warm Springs, California. The town of Newark has always refused to merge into Fremont, and Newark is completely surrounded by Fremont.
Boston, Massachusetts is made up of the former towns of Boston, Dorchester, Brighton, Roxbury, Charlestown, and Hyde Park.
Minneapolis, Minnesota. St. Anthony (not to be confused with St. Anthony Village, a modern city which is a suburb) was a twin city to Minneapolis in the two cities' youth. Minneapolis annexed St. Anthony in the late 1800s.
Park Hills, Missouri was formed in 1994 by a four-way municipal merger involving the cities of Flat River, Elvins, and Esther, plus the village of Rivermines.
Jersey City, New Jersey, was incorporated in 1820, and slowly grew by annexing surrounding municipalities: Van Vorst Twp. (1851), Bergen City (1869), Hudson City (1869), Bergen Twp. (1869) and finally Greenville Twp. (1873).
New York City, New York (five boroughs, historically especially between Manhattan and Brooklyn)
What is now the city of Winston-Salem, North Carolina was once two separate towns called Winston and Salem that were combined into one.[n 28]
Lincoln City, Oregon was formed in 1965 by merging the extant seaside towns of Oceanlake, Delake, and Taft, with the adjoining unincorporated areas of Nelscott and Cutler City.
Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, which absorbed the cities of South Bethlehem, and West Bethlehem. The former Bethlehem and South Bethlehem are situated in Northampton County, and West Bethlehem is in Lehigh County. As a result, present-day Bethlehem straddles the county line.
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, annexed Allegheny City, which is now the quarter of the city that lies north of the Allegheny and Ohio rivers. Also annexed was Birmingham, now referred to as the "South Side".
Besźel and Ul Qoma in China Miéville's novel The City & the City are intertwined twin city-states in Eastern Europe whose inhabitants have trained themselves to only see the city they live in and unsee the city they don't.
^Separated by the Zambezi River at the location of Victoria Falls, each city benefits from tourism created by Victoria Falls, the largest waterfall in the world as measured by combined height and width (see Victoria Falls Size). The primary airport of the region, Harry Mwanga Nkumbula International Airport, is located in Livingstone and brings tourists from all over the world. The two cities share an international border that is located halfway across the Victoria Falls Bridge, which was completed in 1905.
^Separated by the North Saskatchewan River. While the communities are commonly referred to by the collective "The Battlefords," they retain distinctive identities.
^The cities meet at the border between Texas and Arkansas, and their name is a portmanteau of those states' names as well as that of Louisiana, whose border lies approximately 25 miles to the south. See Texarkana metropolitan area and Ark-La-Tex.
^The cities are connected by two twin cantilever bridges which merge the two cities together as sister cities. The cities meet on the Mississippi and Louisiana state border and along the Mississippi River adjacent to each other. They both share long history together. Natchez, Mississippi is also a historical part of Concordia Parish, Louisiana, to which Vidalia is the seat of Concordia Parish. See Natchez–Vidalia Bridge, Concordia Parish and Adams County, Mississippi.
^Nicknamed the Petroplex in a nod to the DFW region's nickname, as well as its strong reliance on the oil industry.
^Until 1930, the community, divided by the Alberta-Saskatchewan border, was two separate, adjacent towns. However, with the Town of Lloydminster Acts in administration the large town became integrated while still bi-provincial.
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This article is about the general concept For town governments establishing official links see Sister city For the area typically called the Twin Cities in the United States see Minneapolis Saint Paul For other uses see Twin city This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Twin cities news newspapers books scholar JSTOR March 2011 Learn how and when to remove this template message Twin cities are a special case of two neighboring cities or urban centres that grow into a single conurbation or narrowly separated urban areas over time There are no formal criteria but twin cities are generally comparable in status and size though not necessarily equal a city and a substantially smaller suburb would not typically qualify even if they were once separate Tri cities and quad cities are similar phenomena involving three or four municipalities High rise buildings in Minneapolis s Cedar Riverside neighborhood with the Downtown Saint Paul skyline visible in the background Minneapolis city limits border those of Saint Paul the capital of Minnesota From Downtown Minneapolis to Downtown Saint Paul is only 10 miles in length This gave birth to the nickname of the region the Twin Cities metropolitan area A view of the town of Tornio Finland which forms a twin city with Haparanda Sweden A common but not universal scenario is two cities that developed concurrently on opposite sides of a river For example Minneapolis and Saint Paul in Minnesota one of the most widely known pairs of Twin Cities were founded several miles apart on opposite sides of the Mississippi River and competed for prominence as they grew In some cases twin cities are separated by a state border such as Albury New South Wales and Wodonga Victoria in Australia on opposite sides of the Murray River Islamabad and Rawalpindi are the twin cities of Pakistan Islamabad is the Federal Territory of Pakistan while Rawalpindi is a city in the Punjab province Cities on opposite sides of international borders sometimes share enough cultural and historical identity to be seen as twins such as Haparanda Sweden and Tornio Finland Leticia Colombia and Tabatinga Brazil or Valga Estonia and Valka Latvia In some cases twin cities eventually merge into a single legal municipality such as Buda and Pest merging in 1873 into Budapest Hungary Brooklyn being annexed by New York City in 1898 or the three ancient cities of Hankou Hanyang and Wuchang joining in 1927 into Wuhan China As a single urban area twin cities may share an airport whose airport codes include both cities initials e g DFW Dallas Fort Worth LBA Leeds Bradford MSP Minneapolis Saint Paul RDU Raleigh and Durham and CAK Akron Canton Contents 1 Examples 1 1 Africa 1 1 1 Egypt 1 1 2 Ghana 1 1 3 Zambia Zimbabwe 1 1 4 South Africa 1 1 5 International 1 2 North America 1 2 1 Canada 1 2 2 United States 1 2 3 International 1 2 4 Historic 1 3 South America 1 3 1 Argentina 1 3 2 Brazil 1 3 3 Chile 1 3 4 Peru 1 3 5 Venezuela 1 4 Asia 1 4 1 Current 1 4 2 International 1 4 3 Historic 1 5 Europe 1 5 1 Current 1 5 2 International 1 5 3 Historic 1 6 Oceania 2 Tri cities 3 Quad cities 4 More than four cities 5 Examples of cities formed by amalgamation 5 1 Asia 5 2 Europe 5 3 North America 6 Fictional twin cities 7 See also 8 Notes 9 ReferencesExamples edit nbsp Cross border example of twin cities Plaza Internacional of the Frontera de la Paz On the left Santana do Livramento Brazil on the right Rivera Uruguay This article may contain excessive or irrelevant examples Please help improve the article by adding descriptive text and removing less pertinent examples November 2009 See also Border town Africa edit Egypt edit Cairo and Giza 1 Triple cities if counting Shubra El Kheima Port Said and Port FuadGhana edit Sekondi TakoradiZambia Zimbabwe edit Victoria Falls Zimbabwe and Livingstone Zambia n 1 South Africa edit Johannesburg and Pretoria Gauteng ProvinceInternational edit Kinshasa and BrazzavilleNorth America edit Canada edit Halifax and Dartmouth in Nova Scotia n 2 Kitchener and Waterloo Ontario Battleford and North Battleford Saskatchewan The Battlefords n 3 Toronto and MississaugaUnited States edit Texarkana Arkansas and Texarkana Texas n 4 Fort Collins and Loveland Colorado Hartford and New Britain Connecticut Fort Myers and Cape Coral Florida Fort Lauderdale and Miami Florida St Petersburg and Tampa Florida n 5 Augusta Georgia and North Augusta South Carolina Champaign and Urbana Illinois n 6 Bloomington and Normal Illinois Waterloo and Cedar Falls Iowa Bangor and Brewer Maine Lewiston and Auburn Maine n 7 Benton Harbor and St Joseph Michigan Montague and Whitehall Michigan Houghton and Hancock Michigan Duluth Minnesota and Superior Wisconsin n 8 Minneapolis and Saint Paul Minnesota n 9 Natchez Mississippi and Vidalia Louisiana n 10 Crystal City and Festus Missouri New York New York and Jersey City New Jersey Raleigh and Durham North Carolina Winston Salem and Greensboro North Carolina Winston Salem itself was formerly a pair of twin cities until the two merged Fargo North Dakota and Moorhead Minnesota n 11 Grand Forks North Dakota and East Grand Forks Minnesota Cincinnati Ohio and Covington Kentucky Portland Oregon and Vancouver Washington Delmar Maryland and Delmar Delaware Scranton and Wilkes Barre Pennsylvania n 12 Allentown and Bethlehem Pennsylvania Greenville and Spartanburg South Carolina n 13 Bristol Tennessee and Bristol Virginia Memphis Tennessee and West Memphis Arkansas Dallas and Fort Worth Texas n 14 Midland and Odessa Texas n 15 Bluefield Virginia and Bluefield West Virginia Neenah and Menasha Wisconsin Marinette Wisconsin and Menominee Michigan Seattle and Tacoma WashingtonInternational edit Examples sharing names or similar names across an international border include Canada United States border Niagara Falls Ontario Canada Niagara Falls New York United States Sault Ste Marie Ontario Canada Sault Ste Marie Michigan United States North Portal Saskatchewan Canada Portal North Dakota United States Mexico United States border Tecate Baja California Mexico Tecate California United States Boquillas del Carmen Coahuila Mexico Boquillas Texas United States Naco Sonora Mexico Naco Arizona United States Nogales Sonora Mexico Nogales Arizona United States San Luis Rio Colorado Sonora Mexico San Luis Arizona United States Nuevo Laredo Tamaulipas Mexico Laredo Texas United States Nuevo Progreso Rio Bravo Tamaulipas Mexico Progreso Texas United States Calexico California United States Mexicali Baja California Mexico see Calexico MexicaliPairs with unrelated names Mexico Guatemala border Ciudad Hidalgo Chiapas Mexico and Ayutla San Marcos Guatemala United States Canada border Detroit Michigan United States and Windsor Ontario Canada see Detroit Windsor International Falls Minnesota United States and Fort Frances Ontario Canada United States Mexico border Douglas Arizona United States and Agua Prieta Sonora Mexico Yuma Arizona United States and San Luis Rio Colorado Sonora Mexico San Diego California United States and Tijuana Baja California Mexico see San Diego Tijuana Brownsville Texas United States and Matamoros Tamaulipas Mexico see Brownsville Matamoros Del Rio Texas United States and Ciudad Acuna Coahuila Mexico Eagle Pass Texas United States and Piedras Negras Coahuila Mexico El Paso Texas United States and Ciudad Juarez Chihuahua Mexico see El Paso Juarez Presidio Texas United States and Manuel Ojinaga Chihuahua MexicoHistoric edit Lloydminster Alberta Saskatchewan Canada n 16 Thunder Bay Ontario Canada n 17 Saginaw and East Saginaw Michigan United States n 18 Stanwood and East Stanwood Washington United States n 19 Brooklyn and New York City New York United States n 20 South America edit Argentina edit Carmen de Patagones and Viedma Parana Entre Rios and Santa FeBrazil edit Americana Sao Paulo and Santa Barbara d Oeste Juazeiro and Petrolina Olinda and Recife Vila Velha and VitoriaChile edit Concepcion and Talcahuano Coquimbo and La Serena Valparaiso and Vina del MarPeru edit Callao and LimaVenezuela edit Acarigua and Araure Guarenas and GuatireAsia edit Current edit Bangladesh Dhaka and Narayanganj Bangladesh China Guangzhou and Foshan China Xi an and Xianyang China Beijing and Langfang China Wuxi and Suzhou China Chaozhou and Shantou China Haifeng and Lufeng China Hongkong and Shenzhen China 2 India Ahmedabad and Gandhinagar India 3 Allahabad and Naini India 3 Aurangabad and Jalna India Bangalore and Hosur India Bishangarh and Jalore India Chumoukedima and Dimapur India Cuttack and Bhubaneswar India 4 Durg and Bhilai India 4 Hubli and Dharwad India 4 Mysore and Srirangapatna Karnataka India Kankroli and Rajsamand India 4 Kochi and Ernakulam India 4 5 Coimbatore and Tiruppur Kolkata and Howrah India 4 Mumbai and Navi Mumbai Maharashtra India 4 Mumbai and Thane Maharashtra India 4 Munger and Jamalpur India 4 Noida and Greater Noida India 4 Pondicherry and Cuddalore India Pune and Pimpri Chinchwad Maharashtra India 4 Ranchi and Hatia India 4 Sangli and Miraj Maharashtra India Surat and Navsari India Sumerpur and Sheoganj India Thrissur and Guruvayur India 4 Vijayawada and Guntur Andhra Pradesh India 4 Bangarpet and Kolar Gold Fields Karnataka India Harihar and Davangere Karnataka India Shivamoga and Bhadravati Karnataka India Arcot and Ranipet Tamil Nadu India Attur and Narasingapuram Tamil Nadu India Bhavani and Komarapalayam Tamil Nadu India Dharmapuri and Nallampalli Tamil Nadu India Erode and Pallipalayam Tamil Nadu India Namakkal and Karur Tamil Nadu India Tiruchirappalli and Srirangam Tamil Nadu India Tirunelveli and Palayamkottai Tamil Nadu India 4 Hyderabad and Secunderabad Telangana state India Asansol and Durgapur West Bengal India Barrackpore and Barasat West Bengal India Coochbehar and Alipurduar West Bengal India Jalpaiguri and Mainaguri West Bengal India Siliguri and Jalpaiguri West Bengal India Vellore Tamil Nadu India and Chittoor Andhra Pradesh India Chennai and Tambaram Tamil Nadu India Iraq Erbil and Mosul Iraq Seleucia and Ctesiphon Iraq n 21 Israel Ramla and Lod Israel Tel Aviv and Jaffa Israel Japan Aomori and Hakodate Japan Kamisu and Kashima Japan n 22 Kitakyushu and Shimonoseki Japan Kyoto and Otsu Japan Maebashi and Takasaki Japan Nasushiobara and Otawara Japan n 23 Okayama and Kurashiki Japan n 24 Osaka and Sakai Japan n 25 Sanjo and Tsubame Japan Toyohashi and Toyokawa Japan Tsukuba and Tsuchiura Japan n 26 Yokkaichi and Suzuka Japan Lebanon Beirut and Jounieh Lebanon Nepal Bharatpur and Gaindakot Nepal Butwal and Tilottama Nepal Nepalgunj and Kohalpur Nepal North Korea Rason and Chongjin Pakistan Jhelum and Sarai Alamgir Pakistan Peshawar and Mardan Pakistan Rawalpindi and Islamabad Pakistan Palestine Ramallah and al Bireh Palestine Philippines Dipolog and Dapitan Philippines Saudi Arabia Dammam and Khobar Saudi Arabia South Korea Seoul and Incheon South Korea Busan and Ulsan South Korea Sejong City and Daejeon South Korea Yangyang and Sokcho South Korea Taiwan Taipei and New Taipei Taiwan Thailand Bangkok and Nonthaburi Thailand Chiang Mai and Lamphun Thailand Songkhla and Hatyai Thailand Vietnam Ho Chi Minh City and Binh Duong Vietnam Phan Rang Thap Cham VietnamInternational edit Azerbaijan Iran Border Astara Azerbaijan and Astara Iran China North Korea Border Dandong China and Sinuiju North Korea China Russia Border Manzhouli China and Zabaykalsk Russia Heihe China and Blagoveshchensk Russia China Vietnam Border Dongxing China and Mong Cai Vietnam Hekou China and Lao Cai Vietnam Malaysia Singapore Border Johor Bahru Malaysia and Singapore 6 Laos Thailand Border Vientiane Laos and Nong Khai Thailand Laos Vietnam Border Dansavan Laos and Lao Bao Vietnam United Arab Emirates Oman Border Al Ain United Arab Emirates and Al Buraimi OmanHistoric edit Victoria and Kowloon colonial Hong Kong although in both colonial Hong Kong and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Victoria is the only city recognised by law they were widely considered to be separate cities until at least the mid 1970s 7 Chirala Perala India Fukuoka merger of east side of Naka river Hakata and the west side Fukuoka Ise Japan merger of Uji Yamada Joetsu Japan merger of Takada Naoetsu Naha and Shuri Okinawa Japan once separate cities Shuri became integrated as a district of Naha Wuhan China merger of Wuchang Hankou Hanyang Saigon and Cholon Vietnam merged into Saigon Cholon now Ho Chi Minh City Europe edit Current edit Denmark Norresundby and Aalborg Denmark Finland Kotka and Hamina Finland France Frejus and Saint Raphael France Lyon and Villeurbanne France Germany Frankfurt and Offenbach Germany Ludwigshafen and Mannheim Germany Mainz and Wiesbaden Germany Monchengladbach and Rheydt Germany Nuremberg and Fuerth Germany Sindelfingen and Boblingen Germany Ulm and Neu Ulm Germany Villingen Schwenningen Germany Ireland Ballybofey and Stranorlar in County Donegal Ireland are often called the Twin Towns and form the built up area of Ballybofey and Stranorlar Norway Fredrikstad and Sarpsborg Norway Porsgrunn and Skien Norway Sandnes and Stavanger Norway Poland Bydgoszcz and Torun Poland Kalisz and Ostrow Wielkopolski Poland Portugal Porto and Vila Nova de Gaia Portugal Povoa de Varzim and Vila do Conde Portugal Serbia Novi Sad and Petrovaradin Serbia Temerin and Backi Jarak Serbia Zemun and New Belgrade Serbia Spain Alcobendas and San Sebastian de los Reyes Spain Aldaia and Alaquas Spain Coslada and San Fernando de Henares Spain Elda and Petrer Spain Llombai and Catadau Spain Santa Cruz de Tenerife and San Cristobal de la Laguna Spain Sweden Jonkoping and Huskvarna Sweden Ukraine Donetsk and Makiivka Ukraine United Kingdom Bournemouth and Poole United Kingdom Brighton and Hove United Kingdom Chatham and Rochester United Kingdom 8 Chester England and Saltney Wales Leeds and Bradford United Kingdom Manchester and Salford United Kingdom Newcastle upon Tyne and Gateshead England Liverpool and Birkenhead England Kingston upon Hull and Grimsby England Warwick and Leamington Spa EnglandInternational edit Austria Slovakia border Vienna Austria and Bratislava Slovakia This is an example of capital cities of neighboring nations being twin cities of one another Austria Slovenia border Bad Radkersburg Austria and Gornja Radgona Slovenia Belgium France border Comines Belgium and Comines France Mouscron Belgium and Tourcoing France Wervik Belgium and Wervicq Sud France Croatia Bosnia and Herzegovina border Slavonski Brod Croatia and Bosanski Brod Bosnia and Herzegovina Czech Republic Poland border Cesky Tesin Czech Republic and Cieszyn Poland Denmark Sweden border Copenhagen Denmark and Malmo Sweden Estonia Latvia border Valga Estonia and Valka Latvia Estonia Russia border Narva Estonia and Ivangorod Russia Finland Russia border Imatra Finland and Svetogorsk Russia Finland Sweden border Tornio Finland and Haparanda Sweden France Germany border Strasbourg France and Kehl Germany France Spain border Hendaye France and Irun Spain Germany Poland border Frankfurt Oder Germany and Slubice Poland Gorlitz Germany and Zgorzelec Poland Guben Germany and Gubin Poland Heringsdorf Germany and Swinoujscie Poland Germany Switzerland border Konstanz Germany and Kreuzlingen Switzerland Laufenburg Baden Germany and Laufenburg Aargau Switzerland separated between the Rhine River used to be one city until 1801 1802 Hungary Slovakia border Esztergom Hungary and Sturovo Slovakia Komarno Slovakia and Komarom Hungary Ireland United Kingdom border Strabane Northern Ireland and Lifford Ireland Italy Slovenia border Gorizia Italy and Nova Gorica Slovenia Italy Vatican City border Rome Italy and Vatican City Holy See Vatican City is the only sovereign state surrounded entirely by a single city Rome The Vatican was an area in Rome and part of Italy until 1929 when Pope Pius XI and Benito Mussolini signed the Lateran Treaty The Netherlands Germany border Kerkrade The Netherlands and Herzogenrath Germany Spain Gibraltar border La Linea de la Concepcion Spain and Gibraltar Switzerland Germany France border Basel Switzerland and Weil am Rhein Germany and Saint Louis FranceHistoric edit Knokke and Heist aan Zee United into Knokke Heist Belgium Gradec and Kaptol United into Zagreb Croatia Frydek and Mistek United into Frydek Mistek Czech Republic Barmen and Elberfeld Germany United into Wuppertal Kouvola and Kuusankoski United into Kouvola Finland West Berlin West Germany and East Berlin East Germany United into Berlin Germany Buda and Pest United into Budapest Hungary Bielsko and Biala Poland United into Bielsko Biala City of London and City of Westminster England Absorbed into London United Kingdom Berwick upon Tweed and Tweedmouth until the former was taken by England from Scotland Aanekoski and Suolahti United into Aanekoski Finland Oceania edit Albury and Wodonga Australia Canberra and Queanbeyan Australia Darwin and Palmerston Australia Forster and Tuncurry Australia Gold Coast and Tweed Heads Australia Harden and Murrumburrah Australia Kalgoorlie and Boulder Australia Napier and Hastings New Zealand Perth and Fremantle Australia Townsville and Thuringowa AustraliaTri cities editMain article Tri Cities disambiguation Australia Brisbane Gold Coast and Sunshine Coast Queensland Australia see South East Queensland Sydney Wollongong and Newcastle Australia in the geological region known as the Sydney Basin Canada The Tri cities of British Columbia consist of Coquitlam Port Coquitlam and Port Moody The Tri citites of Kitchener Waterloo and Cambridge Ontario Canada the cities collective metropolitan area is often called the K W Tri City Area Tri Town Ontario Canada Cobalt Haileybury and New Liskeard China Xiamen Quanzhou Zhangzhou Fujian Germany Wuppertal Remscheid Solingen Rhineland originally a quad city until 1929 when Elberfeld and Barmen merged to form Wuppertal India Chandigarh Mohali and Panchkula India 9 Vijayawada Amaravati and Guntur India Chennai Avadi and Tambaram Warangal Hanamkonda Kazipet in India see Warangal Tri City Japan Kyoto Osaka Kobe see Keihanshin Malaysia Parit Buntar Perak Nibong Tebal Penang and Bandar Baharu Kedah Mexico Guadalajara Tlaquepaque Zapopan Jalisco Mexico Nepal Bhaktapur Kathmandu and Patan Nepal Tricity Nepal consisting of the cities of Baglung Beni and Kushma Philippines Cebu City Mandaue and Lapu Lapu City the Philippines Poland Gdansk Gdynia and Sopot Poland see Tricity Poland Wejherowo Rumia and Reda Poland see Kashubian Tricity Saudi Arabia The Dammam metropolitan area consisting of Dammam Dhahran and Khobar Saudi Arabia South Africa The metropolitan municipalities of Johannesburg Tshwane Pretoria and Ekurhuleni East Rand Gauteng Province Gqeberha Port Elizabeth Kariega Uitenhage and Despatch in Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality Eastern Cape Province East London Bhisho and Qonce King William s Town in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality Eastern Cape Province Sudan Khartoum North Khartoum and Omdurman Sudan Sweden Stockholm Solna and Sundbyberg Sweden Trollhattan Uddevalla and Vanersborg Sweden United Arab Emirates The Dubai Sharjah Ajman metropolitan area consisting of Dubai Sharjah and Ajman United Arab Emirates United States Burbank Glendale and Pasadena in Los Angeles County California United States Fremont Newark and Union City in Alameda County California United States Oceanside Vista and Carlsbad in San Diego County California United States Riverside San Bernardino and Ontario California United States the cities collective metropolitan area is often called the Inland Empire San Jose San Francisco and Oakland California United States n 27 College Park East Point and Hapeville Georgia United States all of which are near Hartsfield Jackson Atlanta International Airport Geneva Batavia and St Charles in Kane County Illinois United States also known as Tri Cities Illinois Bay City Saginaw and Midland Michigan United States the cities collective metropolitan area is often called the Greater Tri Cities the Great Lakes Bay Region or the MBS region Ferrysburg Grand Haven and Spring Lake Michigan United States Iron River Caspian and Gaastra Michigan United States Ironwood Bessemer and Wakefield Michigan United States Grand Island Kearney and Hastings in south central Nebraska United States also known as Tri Cities Nebraska Rochester Dover and Somersworth New Hampshire United States Farmington Bloomfield and Aztec New Mexico United States Albany Troy and Schenectady New York United States in the region known as the Capital District Binghamton Endicott and Johnson City New York United States the cities collective metropolitan area is often called the Triple Cities New York New York Newark and Jersey City New Jersey United States Greensboro Winston Salem and High Point North Carolina United States the cities collective metropolitan area is often called the Piedmont Triad Raleigh Durham and Chapel Hill North Carolina United States the cities collective metropolitan area is often called the Research Triangle Tuttle Newcastle and Blanchard Oklahoma United States also known as the Tri City Area Johnson City Kingsport and Bristol Tennessee Bristol Virginia United States also known as Tri Cities Tennessee Beaumont Port Arthur and Orange Texas United States also known as the Golden Triangle Texas Dallas Fort Worth and Arlington Texas United States Petersburg Colonial Heights and Hopewell Virginia United States also known as Tri Cities Virginia Pasco Richland and Kennewick Washington United States also known as Tri Cities Washington Washington D C Alexandria Virginia and Arlington County Virginia United StatesQuad cities editChina Xinhui Taishan Kaiping and Enping together formed Siyi area in Jiangmen Guangdong Finland Helsinki Espoo Kauniainen and Vantaa in Uusimaa Finland together form the largest metropolis in the country and its actual capital area Thailand Pattaya Chonburi Metropolitan Area consists of the City of Pattaya Town of Chonburi Portal town of Laem Chabang and Town of Sattahip on the west coast of Chonburi Province Thailand United Kingdom The West Yorkshire Built up Area consists of the cities of Leeds Bradford and Wakefield and the large town of Huddersfield United Kingdom United States The Florence Muscle Shoals Metropolitan Area in Alabama United States is locally referred to as the Quad Cities with Florence Muscle Shoals Sheffield and Tuscumbia Alabama Formerly when Muscle Shoals was a mere village this region was known as Tri Cities Alabama In fact all except Florence are incorporated as towns Quad Cities of Davenport and Bettendorf Iowa and Rock Island and Moline Illinois United States It also includes a fifth member East Moline Illinois Allentown Bethlehem Pennsylvania and Easton Pennsylvania Phillipsburg New Jersey United States the collective area is often called the Lehigh Valley The Quad Cities of Minnesota United States consist of Virginia Eveleth Gilbert and Mountain Iron The cities of Pullman Washington Moscow Idaho Lewiston Idaho and Clarkston Washington United States have marketed themselves as Quad Cities 10 More than four cities editDenmark The Triangle Region Denmark consisting of Billund Fredericia Haderslev Kolding Middelfart Vejen and Vejle Denmark Germany The Ruhr district Germany consisting of Dortmund Essen Duisburg Bochum Oberhausen Mulheim Bottrop Gelsenkirchen and Herne in its core India In India the cities of New Delhi Noida Greater Noida Ghaziabad Gurgaon and Faridabad have formed a huge metropolitan area known as National Capital Region India Malaysia In Malaysia the cities of Kuala Lumpur Petaling Jaya Subang Jaya Puchong Shah Alam Klang Port Klang Putrajaya Cyberjaya and Kajang have formed a huge metropolitan area around the size of Singapore known as Greater Kuala Lumpur Kazakhstan In Kazakhstan the cities of Karaganda Temirtau Shakhtinsk Abai Saran Topar Dolinka Shahan Kokpekti and Novodolinsky form an industrial mining area known since Soviet times as Karbass Karaganda coal basin United States In the US states of Illinois and Iowa The cities of Davenport and Bettendorf in Iowa Rock Island Moline and East Moline in Illinois form a metropolitan area known as the Quad Cities In the US states of Michigan and Wisconsin sit the 6 cities of Iron Mountain Kingsford Quinnesec Norway in Michigan Aurora and Niagara in Wisconsin The area is collectively known as the Iron Mountain Area In the US state of Virginia Norfolk Chesapeake Hampton Newport News Portsmouth Suffolk and Virginia Beach the cities collective metropolitan area is often called Hampton RoadsExamples of cities formed by amalgamation editAsia edit China Wuhan in China consists of the towns of Wuchang Hankou and Hanyang in Hubei Province India Delhi India What used to be Old Delhi New Delhi and a collection of smaller villages has now grown into the current megalopolis that is seen today also known as the National Capital Region NCR In Telangana India the cities of Hyderabad and Secunderabad are merged to form Greater Hyderabad Japan Fukuoka in Japan a city of 1 4 million people formerly the twin cities of Hakata and Fukuoka until the late 19th century Kitakyushu in Japan a city of 900 000 people created in 1963 by the merger of Yahata Kokura Moji Wakamatsu and Tobata Yahata and Kokura had formerly been major cities in their own right Saitama in Japan a city of 1 2 million people created in 2001 by the merger of the cities of Urawa Omiya Yono and later Iwatsuki Urawa and Omiya could formerly have been considered twin cities Pakistan Islamabad the capital city of Pakistan has been expanded to include smaller towns including Rawat in its territory Lahore the second largest city of Pakistan has as of 2013 grown out so much that small towns by this giant city such as Shahdara have been absorbed in its city limits Taiwan The former cities of Taoyuan and Zhongli Taiwan which merged along with the entire county in 2014 to form a single municipality city of Taoyuan the two cities sit directly next to each other and shares almost the same population Thailand Bangkok the capital and largest city of Thailand was created in 1971 when the previous Bangkok province Phra Nakhon was merged with Thonburi province Vietnam The cities of Saigon and Cholon merged in 1931 to form a single city named Saigon Cholon in 1956 the name Cholon was dropped and the city became known as Saigon now Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam Europe edit Germany Berlin Berlin and Colln in Germany Duisburg Duisburg and Hamborn 1929 1935 called Duisburg Hamborn in North Rhine Westphalia Germany Wuppertal Barmen and Elberfeld in North Rhine Westphalia Germany Greece Athens incorporated dozens of villages and towns and absorbed whole of Athens basin and parts outside of it notably Piraeus Hungary Budapest Hungary is the amalgamation of Buda Pest and obuda The Netherlands Eindhoven the Netherlands merged with five neighbouring municipalities Woensel Tongelre Stratum Gestel en Blaarthem and Strijp into the new Groot Eindhoven Greater Eindhoven in 1920 The prefix Groot was later dropped Spain Madrid Spain evolved by absorption of other towns like Tetuan de las Victorias Vallecas Chamartin de la Rosa or Aravaca 11 United Kingdom Edinburgh Scotland absorbed a number of surrounding villages but most notably the separate burgh of Leith London England grew from its cores in the City of London and the City of Westminster to encompass many other towns and villages within neighbouring counties and absorbed almost the whole of Middlesex county Manchester and the city of Salford England in the Metropolitan County of Greater Manchester formerly in Lancashire Stoke on Trent England was created in 1910 from the towns of Burslem Hanley Tunstall Longton Fenton and Stoke taking its name from the latter Neighbouring Newcastle under Lyme remains a separate town North America edit Canada Port Alberni British Columbia Canada was formed in 1967 when Alberni and Port Alberni merged to become one city Winnipeg Manitoba Canada amalgamated with 12 surrounding municipalities and its metropolitan corporation in 1971 under what was referred to as unicity reforms in local government restructuring Halifax and Dartmouth Nova Scotia Canada were merged in 1996 along with Bedford and Halifax County to create the Halifax Regional Municipality Greater Sudbury Ontario Canada was formed in 2001 by the amalgamation of the former Regional Municipality of Sudbury comprising the municipalities of Sudbury Nickel Centre Valley East Capreol Rayside Balfour Onaping Falls and Walden plus a number of previously unamalgamated townships The amalgamation made it the most populous city in the Northern Ontario region Kingston Ontario Canada was amalgamated in 1998 with the neighboring Kingston and Pittsburgh Townships Ottawa Ontario Canada was given its large area by the amalgamation in 2001 of the old City of Ottawa the suburbs of Nepean Kanata Gloucester Rockcliffe Park Vanier and Cumberland Orleans and the rural townships of West Carleton Osgoode Rideau and Goulbourn Toronto Ontario Canada formed by an amalgamation of the Old Toronto with East York Etobicoke North York Scarborough and York which were themselves products of earlier amalgamations Thunder Bay Ontario Canada Fort William and Port Arthur Gatineau Quebec Canada formed by the amalgamation of the old City of Gatineau City of Hull City of Aylmer City of Buckingham and the Municipality of Masson Angers all facing the City of Ottawa Ontario from the north shore of the Ottawa River Montreal Quebec Canada was merged with the other 27 communities on the Island of Montreal by an act in the Quebec Parliament in 2002 Following a change in the provincial government several communities later voted via referendum to de merge and there are now a total of 15 leaving Montreal merged with the other 12 Saguenay Quebec Canada Chicoutimi Jonquiere et al Lloydminster Canada on the Saskatchewan Alberta border was formed as a single entity in 1903 when both future provinces were part of the Northwest Territories but was divided into two separate entities in 1905 because the border between the newly created provinces bisected the community In 1930 the two towns were reunited as a single town under the shared jurisdiction of both provinces and Lloydminster was reincorporated as a single city in 1958 United States Helena West Helena Arkansas was formed in 2006 by the merger of the previous cities of Helena and West Helena Fremont California was formed in 1956 by the combination of the five towns of Centerville Irvington Niles Mission San Jose and Warm Springs California The town of Newark has always refused to merge into Fremont and Newark is completely surrounded by Fremont Boston Massachusetts is made up of the former towns of Boston Dorchester Brighton Roxbury Charlestown and Hyde Park Iron River Michigan absorbed the nearby city of Stambaugh and village of Mineral Hills in July 2000 Minneapolis Minnesota St Anthony not to be confused with St Anthony Village a modern city which is a suburb was a twin city to Minneapolis in the two cities youth Minneapolis annexed St Anthony in the late 1800s Park Hills Missouri was formed in 1994 by a four way municipal merger involving the cities of Flat River Elvins and Esther plus the village of Rivermines Jersey City New Jersey was incorporated in 1820 and slowly grew by annexing surrounding municipalities Van Vorst Twp 1851 Bergen City 1869 Hudson City 1869 Bergen Twp 1869 and finally Greenville Twp 1873 New York City New York five boroughs historically especially between Manhattan and Brooklyn What is now the city of Winston Salem North Carolina was once two separate towns called Winston and Salem that were combined into one n 28 Cleveland Cleveland and Ohio City in Ohio Lincoln City Oregon was formed in 1965 by merging the extant seaside towns of Oceanlake Delake and Taft with the adjoining unincorporated areas of Nelscott and Cutler City Bethlehem Pennsylvania which absorbed the cities of South Bethlehem and West Bethlehem The former Bethlehem and South Bethlehem are situated in Northampton County and West Bethlehem is in Lehigh County As a result present day Bethlehem straddles the county line Pittsburgh Pennsylvania annexed Allegheny City which is now the quarter of the city that lies north of the Allegheny and Ohio rivers Also annexed was Birmingham now referred to as the South Side Richmond Richmond and Manchester in central Virginia Bellingham Washington was formed from four cities Fairhaven Sehome Bellingham and Whatcom Fictional twin cities editAnkh Morpork from Terry Pratchett s Discworld novels is referred to as the twin cities of proud Ankh and pestilent Morpork 12 Beszel and Ul Qoma in China Mieville s novel The City amp the City are intertwined twin city states in Eastern Europe whose inhabitants have trained themselves to only see the city they live in and unsee the city they don t Central City and Keystone City from the current Flash comics are shown as twin cities Before the 1985 86 miniseries Crisis on Infinite Earths Central and Keystone are presented as located in the same space but on different parallel Earths 13 Duckburg and St Canard were depicted in the cartoon Darkwing Duck as sister cities connected by a bridge very similar to Oakland and San Francisco 14 15 Gotham City the home of Batman and Metropolis the home of Superman have sometimes been presented as twin cities mainly in 1970s and 1980s stories by DC Comics In stories presenting them as twin cities Gotham City and Metropolis are located on opposite sides of a large bay identified as Delaware Bay in 1990 s The Atlas of the DC Universe with both cities linked by the Metro Narrows Bridge 16 a suspension bridge resembling New York City s Verrazano Narrows Bridge 17 18 Helium from the Barsoom series of novels by Edgar Rice Burroughs consists of the twin cities Greater Helium and Lesser Helium 19 See also editList of divided cities Cross border town naming Megacity List of metropolitan areas that overlap multiple countries Ecumenopolis Metropolis Megalopolis Sister cityNotes edit Separated by the Zambezi River at the location of Victoria Falls each city benefits from tourism created by Victoria Falls the largest waterfall in the world as measured by combined height and width see Victoria Falls Size The primary airport of the region Harry Mwanga Nkumbula International Airport is located in Livingstone and brings tourists from all over the world The two cities share an international border that is located halfway across the Victoria Falls Bridge which was completed in 1905 Main cities of Metropolitan Halifax they are geographically separated by Halifax Harbour Separated by the North Saskatchewan River While the communities are commonly referred to by the collective The Battlefords they retain distinctive identities The cities meet at the border between Texas and Arkansas and their name is a portmanteau of those states names as well as that of Louisiana whose border lies approximately 25 miles to the south See Texarkana metropolitan area and Ark La Tex Main cities of the Tampa Bay Area Champaign was originally known as West Urbana but has since outgrown its neighbor See Champaign Urbana metropolitan area Also called the Twin Cities or L A See Lewiston Auburn Nicknamed the Twin Ports these form the world s largest freshwater port Also known as the Twin Cities The cities are connected by two twin cantilever bridges which merge the two cities together as sister cities The cities meet on the Mississippi and Louisiana state border and along the Mississippi River adjacent to each other They both share long history together Natchez Mississippi is also a historical part of Concordia Parish Louisiana to which Vidalia is the seat of Concordia Parish See Natchez Vidalia Bridge Concordia Parish and Adams County Mississippi See Fargo Moorhead The core cities of the Wyoming Valley in northeastern Pennsylvania The two largest cities of Upstate South Carolina Their shared international airport is named after both cities Greenville Spartanburg International Airport Twin cores of the Metroplex of northern Texas Nicknamed the Petroplex in a nod to the DFW region s nickname as well as its strong reliance on the oil industry Until 1930 the community divided by the Alberta Saskatchewan border was two separate adjacent towns However with the Town of Lloydminster Acts in administration the large town became integrated while still bi provincial Formed by the amalgamation of Fort William and Port Arthur Ontario in 1970 East Saginaw annexed by Saginaw in 1889 The two Stanwoods consolidated in 1960 Prior to their consolidation into a single city in 1898 as noted in the poem The New Colossus which is inscribed on a plaque at the Statue of Liberty Formed historic Al Mada in Co centers of a shared micropolitan area Co centers of a shared micropolitan area Kurashiki is somewhat more of a suburb Co centers of a shared major metropolitan area See Keihanshin Co centers of a shared major metropolitan area the principal cities of the San Francisco Bay area Nicknamed the Twin City References edit 5 Famous Sets of Twin Cities From Around the Globe Trip Trivia 2019 10 03 Retrieved 2023 05 21 The Chief Executive s 2021 Policy Address Policy Address a b 10 Twin Towns and Sister Cities of Indian States walkthroughindia com 26 September 2013 Retrieved 9 January 2014 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o 10 Twin Towns and Sister Cities of Indian States walkthroughindia com 26 September 2013 Retrieved 9 January 2014 Weather story from 2006 The Hindu Business Line Retrieved 2006 12 31 Johor Bahru amp Singapore Is the conurbation defining megaregion in the South East Asia Young Academic network Retrieved 2023 05 21 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 It s a wise man who knows where Chatham ends and Rochester begins Charles Dickens Tricity residents to get Emaar MGF s Central Plaza soon The Financial Express Jan 6 2014 Quad Cities too generic a name for ID WA cities The Seattle Times 28 April 2010 Retrieved 22 January 2013 Juan Manuel Grijalvo Madrid Barrios desaparecidos y actuales Antiguos municipios independientes See e g the introduction of The Hogfather q Terry Pratchett s Hogfather The Flash volume 1 123 DC Comics September 1961 Starr Joe 2015 08 05 Nerd Rabbit Hole A Guide To Disney s Duck Universe Pajiba Retrieved 2018 05 10 San Francisco Oakland Bay Bridge www visitcalifornia com Retrieved 2018 05 10 Action Comics 451 DC Comics September 1975 New Adventures of Superboy 22 DC Comics October 1981 World s Finest Comics 259 DC Comics October November 1979 Burroughs Edgar Rice 1917 A Princess of Mars A C McClurg amp Co pp 279 80 305 313 14 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Twin cities amp oldid 1215285347, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
