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Kowloon

January 26, 2023

This article is about an urban area in Hong Kong. For other uses, see Kowloon (disambiguation).
"Kowloon" is a transliteration of 九龍. For other transliterations, see 九龍 (disambiguation).

Kowloon (/ˌkaʊˈluːn/) is an urban area in Hong Kong comprising the Kowloon Peninsula and New Kowloon. With a population of 2,019,533 and a population density of 43,033/km2 (111,450/sq mi) in 2006, it is the most populous area in Hong Kong, compared with Hong Kong Island and the rest of the New Territories. The peninsula's area is about 47 km2 (18 sq mi).

Kowloon
九龍
Kowloon as viewed from Hong Kong Island
Location within Hong Kong (in green)
Area
 • Land67 km2 (26 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total2,108,419 (2.1 million)
 • Density43,033/km2 (111,450/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+8 (Hong Kong Time)
Kowloon
"Kowloon" in Traditional (top) and Simplified (bottom) Chinese characters
Traditional Chinese九龍
Simplified Chinese九龙
JyutpingGau2-lung4
Literal meaning"Nine Dragons"

Location

Kowloon is located directly north of Hong Kong Island across Victoria Harbour. It is bordered by the Lei Yue Mun strait to the east, Mei Foo Sun Chuen, Butterfly Valley and Stonecutter's Island to the west, a mountain range, including Tate's Cairn and Lion Rock to the north, and Victoria Harbour to the south. Also, there are many islands scattered around Kowloon, like CAF island.

Administration

Main articles: Kowloon Central, Kowloon East, and Kowloon West

Kowloon comprises the following districts:

Name

The name 'Kowloon' (Chinese: 九龍; lit. 'nine dragons') alludes to eight mountains and a Chinese emperor: Kowloon Peak, Tung Shan, Tate's Cairn, Temple Hill, Unicorn Ridge, Lion Rock, Beacon Hill, Crow's Nest and Emperor Bing of Song.[1] It was also spelt 'Kawloong' in some 19th century sources.[2]

History

 
Kowloon c. 1868, depicting the Qing-era Kowloon Walled City and Lion Rock (in the background)
 
Map of Kowloon in 1915
 
Hong Kong's old airport, Kai Tak, was located in Kowloon Bay.

The part of Kowloon south of Boundary Street, together with Stonecutters Island, was ceded by Qing China to the United Kingdom under the Convention of Peking of 1860. For many years the area remained largely undeveloped, used by the British mainly for tiger-hunting expeditions.[3][self-published source?] The part of Kowloon north of Boundary Street (New Kowloon) was leased by the British as part of the New Territories under the 1898 Second Convention of Peking for 99 years. Within New Kowloon is Kowloon City, an area of Hong Kong where the Kowloon Walled City used to be located. The Kowloon Walled City itself was demolished in 1993. The same area was called Kwun Fu Cheung (官富場) during the Song dynasty (960–1279). "New Kowloon" has remained part of the New Territories.

Statutorily, "Kowloon" is only the area south of Boundary Street and Stonecutters Island, but in common use, New Kowloon is not regarded as part of the New Territories, but as an integral part of the Kowloon urban area whether north or south of Boundary Street.

Large-scale development of Kowloon began in the early 20th century, with the construction of the Kowloon-Canton Railway and the Kowloon Wharf, but because of the close proximity of Kowloon's built-up area to Kai Tak Airport, building construction was limited by flight paths. As a result, compared to Hong Kong Island, Kowloon had a much lower skyline.[1] After World War II, Kowloon became extremely congested when slums for refugees from the newly established People's Republic of China gave way to public housing estates, mixed with private residential, commercial, and industrial areas.

The area of reclaimed land known as West Kowloon was once home to a dockyard for the Royal Navy.[where?]

The 1911 census recorded a population of 7,306, with most being Hakka.[4] The invasion of China by Japan in 1937 caused the population of Kowloon to grow drastically. Between 1937 and 1939, 750,000 refugees arrived in Kowloon and nearby areas, with many not having residence.[5]

Demographics

As of 2011, 2,108,419 people lived in Kowloon.[6]

About 94.2% of Kowloon's residents are of Han Chinese[citation needed] ethnicity. The largest ethnic minority groups are Indonesians (1.8%), Filipinos (1.5%), Indians (0.5%), Nepalese (0.4%), and British (0.3%).[6] Around 86% of Kowloon's residents use Cantonese as their usual language, while 2.3% use English and 1.2% use Mandarin.[6]

Localities

Kowloon comprises these localities of Hong Kong:

Education

Lists of primary and secondary schools in Kowloon by district:

Tertiary education

Notable people

Transport

 
Western Harbour Crossing, one of the tunnels that link Kowloon with Hong Kong Island

Kowloon is connected to Hong Kong Island by two road-only tunnels (the Cross-Harbour Tunnel and the Western Harbour Crossing), three MTR railway tunnels (Tsuen Wan line, Tung Chung line/Airport Express and East Rail) and one combined road and MTR rail link tunnel (Eastern Harbour Tunnel, containing the Tseung Kwan O line and road traffic in separate parallel conduits). No bridges connect the island and Kowloon.

Gallery

 
Kowloon Peninsula panorama

References

  1. ^ a b Fallon, Steve. (2006) Hong Kong and Macau. Lonely Planet Publishing. ISBN 981-258-246-0
  2. ^ "KAWLOONG FERRY STATION: Hong Kong postcard (C48147)". eBay.
  3. ^ 10,000 Chinese Numbers. Lulu.com. p. 207. ISBN 9780557006212. from the original on 23 August 2016.[self-published source]
  4. ^ James Hayes, The Hong Kong Region 1850–1911. Hong Kong, 2012. ISBN 9888139118
  5. ^ "Hong Kong 2003 – History". www.yearbook.gov.hk. from the original on 26 September 2011. Retrieved 28 April 2018.
  6. ^ a b c District Profiles, Hong Kong Census, 2011, from the original on 27 September 2013, retrieved 27 September 2013

External links

 
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Kowloon.
  •   Media related to Kowloon at Wikimedia Commons
  •   Media related to Kowloon West at Wikimedia Commons

Coordinates: 22°19′N 114°11′E / 22.317°N 114.183°E / 22.317; 114.183

January 26, 2023
kowloon, this, article, about, urban, area, hong, kong, other, uses, disambiguation, transliteration, 九龍, other, transliterations, 九龍, disambiguation, urban, area, hong, kong, comprising, peninsula, with, population, population, density, 2006, most, populous, . This article is about an urban area in Hong Kong For other uses see Kowloon disambiguation Kowloon is a transliteration of 九龍 For other transliterations see 九龍 disambiguation Kowloon ˌ k aʊ ˈ l uː n is an urban area in Hong Kong comprising the Kowloon Peninsula and New Kowloon With a population of 2 019 533 and a population density of 43 033 km2 111 450 sq mi in 2006 it is the most populous area in Hong Kong compared with Hong Kong Island and the rest of the New Territories The peninsula s area is about 47 km2 18 sq mi Kowloon 九龍Kowloon as viewed from Hong Kong IslandLocation within Hong Kong in green Area Land67 km2 26 sq mi Population 2011 Total2 108 419 2 1 million Density43 033 km2 111 450 sq mi Time zoneUTC 8 Hong Kong Time Kowloon Kowloon in Traditional top and Simplified bottom Chinese charactersTraditional Chinese九龍Simplified Chinese九龙JyutpingGau2 lung4Literal meaning Nine Dragons TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinJǐulongIPA tɕjo ʊ lʊ ŋ HakkaRomanizationgiu3lung2Yue CantoneseYale RomanizationGauluhngJyutpingGau2 lung4IPA kɐ ulo ŋ Contents 1 Location 2 Administration 3 Name 4 History 5 Demographics 6 Localities 7 Education 7 1 Tertiary education 8 Notable people 9 Transport 10 Gallery 11 References 12 External linksLocation EditKowloon is located directly north of Hong Kong Island across Victoria Harbour It is bordered by the Lei Yue Mun strait to the east Mei Foo Sun Chuen Butterfly Valley and Stonecutter s Island to the west a mountain range including Tate s Cairn and Lion Rock to the north and Victoria Harbour to the south Also there are many islands scattered around Kowloon like CAF island Administration EditMain articles Kowloon Central Kowloon East and Kowloon West Kowloon comprises the following districts Kowloon City Kwun Tong Sham Shui Po Wong Tai Sin Yau Tsim MongName EditThe name Kowloon Chinese 九龍 lit nine dragons alludes to eight mountains and a Chinese emperor Kowloon Peak Tung Shan Tate s Cairn Temple Hill Unicorn Ridge Lion Rock Beacon Hill Crow s Nest and Emperor Bing of Song 1 It was also spelt Kawloong in some 19th century sources 2 History Edit Kowloon c 1868 depicting the Qing era Kowloon Walled City and Lion Rock in the background Map of Kowloon in 1915 Hong Kong s old airport Kai Tak was located in Kowloon Bay The part of Kowloon south of Boundary Street together with Stonecutters Island was ceded by Qing China to the United Kingdom under the Convention of Peking of 1860 For many years the area remained largely undeveloped used by the British mainly for tiger hunting expeditions 3 self published source The part of Kowloon north of Boundary Street New Kowloon was leased by the British as part of the New Territories under the 1898 Second Convention of Peking for 99 years Within New Kowloon is Kowloon City an area of Hong Kong where the Kowloon Walled City used to be located The Kowloon Walled City itself was demolished in 1993 The same area was called Kwun Fu Cheung 官富場 during the Song dynasty 960 1279 New Kowloon has remained part of the New Territories Statutorily Kowloon is only the area south of Boundary Street and Stonecutters Island but in common use New Kowloon is not regarded as part of the New Territories but as an integral part of the Kowloon urban area whether north or south of Boundary Street Large scale development of Kowloon began in the early 20th century with the construction of the Kowloon Canton Railway and the Kowloon Wharf but because of the close proximity of Kowloon s built up area to Kai Tak Airport building construction was limited by flight paths As a result compared to Hong Kong Island Kowloon had a much lower skyline 1 After World War II Kowloon became extremely congested when slums for refugees from the newly established People s Republic of China gave way to public housing estates mixed with private residential commercial and industrial areas The area of reclaimed land known as West Kowloon was once home to a dockyard for the Royal Navy where The 1911 census recorded a population of 7 306 with most being Hakka 4 The invasion of China by Japan in 1937 caused the population of Kowloon to grow drastically Between 1937 and 1939 750 000 refugees arrived in Kowloon and nearby areas with many not having residence 5 Demographics EditAs of 2011 update 2 108 419 people lived in Kowloon 6 About 94 2 of Kowloon s residents are of Han Chinese citation needed ethnicity The largest ethnic minority groups are Indonesians 1 8 Filipinos 1 5 Indians 0 5 Nepalese 0 4 and British 0 3 6 Around 86 of Kowloon s residents use Cantonese as their usual language while 2 3 use English and 1 2 use Mandarin 6 Localities EditKowloon comprises these localities of Hong Kong Anderson Road area Austin Cha Kwo Ling Cheung Sha Wan Diamond Hill Jordan Hammer Hill Hung Hom Ho Man Tin Kai Tak Kowloon Bay Kowloon City Kowloon Tong Kwun Tong Lai Chi Kok Lam Tin Lei Yue Mun Ma Tau Wai Mong Kok Ngau Chi Wan Ngau Tau Kok Prince Edward San Po Kong Sau Mau Ping Sham Shui Po Shek Kip Mei Tai Kok Tsui To Kwa Wan Tsim Sha Tsui Tsz Wan Shan West Kowloon Wong Tai Sin Yau Ma Tei Yau TongEducation Edit The Hong Kong Polytechnic University in Hung Hom King George V School Homantin Lists of primary and secondary schools in Kowloon by district List of schools in Kowloon City District List of schools in Kwun Tong District List of schools in Sham Shui Po District List of schools in Wong Tai Sin District List of schools in Yau Tsim Mong DistrictTertiary education Edit City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Baptist University Open University of Hong Kong Tung Wah College Hong Kong Nang Yan College of Higher Education Gratia Christian CollegeNotable people EditSean Parry born 1987 cricketerTransport Edit Western Harbour Crossing one of the tunnels that link Kowloon with Hong Kong Island Kowloon is connected to Hong Kong Island by two road only tunnels the Cross Harbour Tunnel and the Western Harbour Crossing three MTR railway tunnels Tsuen Wan line Tung Chung line Airport Express and East Rail and one combined road and MTR rail link tunnel Eastern Harbour Tunnel containing the Tseung Kwan O line and road traffic in separate parallel conduits No bridges connect the island and Kowloon Gallery EditThis section contains an unencyclopedic or excessive gallery of images Please help improve the section by removing excessive or indiscriminate images or by moving relevant images beside adjacent text in accordance with the Manual of Style on use of images June 2019 Learn how and when to remove this template message Urban Council Centenary Garden fountain Tsim Sha Tsui Maze Garden Kowloon Park Tsim Sha Tsui An Air France Boeing 747 passing above Kowloon prior to landing at the old airport in 1998 Star Ferry Pier with the Hong Kong Cultural Centre and Tsim Sha Tsui Clock Tower in the background Kowloon Masjid and Islamic Centre Night view of Kowloon from Hong Kong Island Kowloon Peninsula panoramaReferences Edit Hong Kong portal a b Fallon Steve 2006 Hong Kong and Macau Lonely Planet Publishing ISBN 981 258 246 0 KAWLOONG FERRY STATION Hong Kong postcard C48147 eBay 10 000 Chinese Numbers Lulu com p 207 ISBN 9780557006212 Archived from the original on 23 August 2016 self published source James Hayes The Hong Kong Region 1850 1911 Hong Kong 2012 ISBN 9888139118 Hong Kong 2003 History www yearbook gov hk Archived from the original on 26 September 2011 Retrieved 28 April 2018 a b c District Profiles Hong Kong Census 2011 archived from the original on 27 September 2013 retrieved 27 September 2013External links Edit Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Kowloon Media related to Kowloon at Wikimedia Commons Media related to Kowloon West at Wikimedia Commons Coordinates 22 19 N 114 11 E 22 317 N 114 183 E 22 317 114 183 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Kowloon amp oldid 1125860594, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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