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Lufeng, Guangdong

April 19, 2023

Lufeng
陆丰市
Lukfung
County-level & Sub-prefectural city
The entrance to Xuanwu Mountain in Jieshi
Lufeng
Location in Guangdong
Coordinates: 22°55′08″N 115°39′08″E / 22.9188°N 115.6521°E / 22.9188; 115.6521Coordinates: 22°55′08″N 115°39′08″E / 22.9188°N 115.6521°E / 22.9188; 115.6521
CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvinceGuangdong
Prefecture-level cityShanwei
Area
 • Total1,681 km2 (649 sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)

Lufeng, alternately romanized as Lukfung,[a] is a county-level city in the southeast of Guangdong province, administered as a part of the prefecture-level city of Shanwei. It lies on the mainland on coast of the South China Sea east of Hong Kong.

History

Under the Qing, the area was known as Lufeng County. Together with neighboring Haifeng and the now separated Luhe county now carved out from Lufeng, it formed the short-lived Hailufeng Soviet in 1927. It was later promoted to county-level city status.

The area rose to prominence in the early 21st century as a scene of unrest. Jieshi saw serious inter-village violence over road use in October 2009 and March 2010[4] and, in September 2011, a series of protests or riots occurred in Wukan Village over allegations of Communist Party members unfairly selling farmers' land for development.[5] Fresh protests broke out in December, when one of the village leaders died in the police custody. The police blocked the roads leading to the village.[6]

Administration

 
Lufeng (labelled as LU-FENG (LUKFUNG) 陸豐) (1954)

As of 2005 year's end, the city comprises three urban subdistricts and 17 towns. These are organised into 47 neighbourhood committees and 280 village committees.[citation needed]

The city's executive, legislature and judiciary are located in the Donghai Subdistrict (东海街道), together with the CPC subbranch and PSB suboffice. Wukan Village, site of the Wukan protests, is also located in the Donghai subdistrict.

Urban subdistricts

  • Donghai (东海)
  • Chengdong (城东)
  • Hexi (河西)

Towns

  • Jieshi (碣石)
  • Qiaochong (桥冲)
  • Bomei (博美)
  • Jiazi (Kapchi; Chiatzu) (甲子)
  • Jiadong (甲东)
  • Jiaxi (甲西镇)
  • Hudong (湖东)
  • Beiyang (陂洋)
  • Nantang (南塘)
  • Bawan (八万)
  • Tanxi (潭西)
  • Da'an (大安)
  • Jinxiang (金厢)
  • Neihu (内湖)
  • Xinan (西南)
  • Shangying (上英)
  • Hedong (河东)

Demography

Lufeng has a population of 1.7 million,[7] the most of them are Han Chinese. More specifically, a considerable percentage of the population belong to the Minnan sub group; the rest are Teochews, Hakka and Ming Dynasty Jianghuai military speakers. Therefore, dialects of both Min Nan, Teochew and Hakka are spoken, in addition to Mandarin, which is used in official and public life. The Hailufeng dialect, however, only refers to the Hokkien variant.

Climate

Climate data for Lufeng (1981−2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 28.7
(83.7) 		29.4
(84.9) 		30.2
(86.4) 		32.5
(90.5) 		34.1
(93.4) 		36.0
(96.8) 		37.8
(100.0) 		37.0
(98.6) 		36.6
(97.9) 		34.7
(94.5) 		32.7
(90.9) 		29.3
(84.7) 		37.8
(100.0)
Average high °C (°F) 19.9
(67.8) 		19.7
(67.5) 		21.9
(71.4) 		25.5
(77.9) 		28.5
(83.3) 		30.5
(86.9) 		31.9
(89.4) 		32.1
(89.8) 		31.2
(88.2) 		29.2
(84.6) 		25.9
(78.6) 		21.7
(71.1) 		26.5
(79.7)
Daily mean °C (°F) 14.7
(58.5) 		15.2
(59.4) 		17.9
(64.2) 		21.7
(71.1) 		25.0
(77.0) 		27.3
(81.1) 		28.4
(83.1) 		28.3
(82.9) 		27.1
(80.8) 		24.3
(75.7) 		20.5
(68.9) 		16.2
(61.2) 		22.2
(72.0)
Average low °C (°F) 11.3
(52.3) 		12.4
(54.3) 		15.1
(59.2) 		19.1
(66.4) 		22.3
(72.1) 		24.8
(76.6) 		25.5
(77.9) 		25.4
(77.7) 		24.1
(75.4) 		20.9
(69.6) 		16.8
(62.2) 		12.5
(54.5) 		19.2
(66.5)
Record low °C (°F) 2.6
(36.7) 		3.9
(39.0) 		2.8
(37.0) 		9.6
(49.3) 		14.4
(57.9) 		18.6
(65.5) 		21.8
(71.2) 		21.7
(71.1) 		17.9
(64.2) 		11.6
(52.9) 		6.2
(43.2) 		1.0
(33.8) 		1.0
(33.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 29.6
(1.17) 		63.6
(2.50) 		112.9
(4.44) 		158.5
(6.24) 		262.9
(10.35) 		440.1
(17.33) 		329.6
(12.98) 		352.9
(13.89) 		199.8
(7.87) 		34.1
(1.34) 		26.6
(1.05) 		28.3
(1.11) 		2,038.9
(80.27)
Average relative humidity (%) 73 78 82 83 84 86 84 84 80 74 71 69 79
Source: China Meteorological Data Service Center[8]

Transportation

Lufeng railway station on the Xiamen–Shenzhen railway serves the city, though it is located some distance outside the city.

Lufeng East and Lufeng South, both on the Shantou–Shanwei high-speed railway, will serve the city in the future.

Notable people

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The Postal Map spelling was based on the name's local Cantonese pronunciation. Other romanizations include Lu-feng,[1] Luh-fung,[2] and Luh Fung.[3]

References

Citations

  1. ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Kwang-Tung" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. XV (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  2. ^ Baynes, T. S., ed. (1878), "China" , Encyclopædia Britannica, vol. 5 (9th ed.), New York: Charles Scribner's Sons
  3. ^ Bolton & al. (1941), p. 262.
  4. ^ Guangdong Villages Battle over Road-use, Verna Yu, South China Morning Post, 10 March 2010
  5. ^ https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-15032458
  6. ^ Michael Bristow (14 December 2011). "China protest worsens in Guangdong after villager death". BBC News. Retrieved 14 December 2011.
  7. ^ "Beijing: zero tolerance against illegal land-grabs. Asia News. 26 September 2011.
  8. ^ 中国地面气候标准值月值(1981-2010) (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Data Service Center. Retrieved 7 November 2022.

Bibliography

  • Bolton, Kingsley; et al. (1941), Triad Societies, Vol. 5, Abingdon: Routledge, ISBN 9780415243971, reprinted 2000.

April 19, 2023
lufeng, guangdong, lufeng, 陆丰市lukfungcounty, level, prefectural, citythe, entrance, xuanwu, mountain, jieshilufenglocation, guangdongcoordinates, 9188, 6521, 9188, 6521, coordinates, 9188, 6521, 9188, 6521countrypeople, republic, chinaprovinceguangdongprefectu. Lufeng 陆丰市LukfungCounty level amp Sub prefectural cityThe entrance to Xuanwu Mountain in JieshiLufengLocation in GuangdongCoordinates 22 55 08 N 115 39 08 E 22 9188 N 115 6521 E 22 9188 115 6521 Coordinates 22 55 08 N 115 39 08 E 22 9188 N 115 6521 E 22 9188 115 6521CountryPeople s Republic of ChinaProvinceGuangdongPrefecture level cityShanweiArea Total1 681 km2 649 sq mi Time zoneUTC 8 China Standard LufengSimplified Chinese陆丰Traditional Chinese陸豐Hanyu PinyinLufengCantonese YaleLuhkfungPostalLukfungLiteral meaningContinent Abundance clarification needed TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinLufengGwoyeu RomatzyhLuhfengWade GilesLu4 feng1IPA lu fe ŋ Yue CantoneseYale RomanizationLuhkfungJyutpingLuk6fung1IPA lo k fo ŋ Lufeng alternately romanized as Lukfung a is a county level city in the southeast of Guangdong province administered as a part of the prefecture level city of Shanwei It lies on the mainland on coast of the South China Sea east of Hong Kong Contents 1 History 2 Administration 2 1 Urban subdistricts 2 2 Towns 3 Demography 4 Climate 5 Transportation 6 Notable people 7 See also 8 Notes 9 References 9 1 Citations 9 2 BibliographyHistory EditUnder the Qing the area was known as Lufeng County Together with neighboring Haifeng and the now separated Luhe county now carved out from Lufeng it formed the short lived Hailufeng Soviet in 1927 It was later promoted to county level city status The area rose to prominence in the early 21st century as a scene of unrest Jieshi saw serious inter village violence over road use in October 2009 and March 2010 4 and in September 2011 a series of protests or riots occurred in Wukan Village over allegations of Communist Party members unfairly selling farmers land for development 5 Fresh protests broke out in December when one of the village leaders died in the police custody The police blocked the roads leading to the village 6 Administration Edit Lufeng labelled as LU FENG LUKFUNG 陸豐 1954 As of 2005 year s end the city comprises three urban subdistricts and 17 towns These are organised into 47 neighbourhood committees and 280 village committees citation needed The city s executive legislature and judiciary are located in the Donghai Subdistrict 东海街道 together with the CPC subbranch and PSB suboffice Wukan Village site of the Wukan protests is also located in the Donghai subdistrict Urban subdistricts Edit Donghai 东海 Chengdong 城东 Hexi 河西 Towns Edit Jieshi 碣石 Qiaochong 桥冲 Bomei 博美 Jiazi Kapchi Chiatzu 甲子 Jiadong 甲东 Jiaxi 甲西镇 Hudong 湖东 Beiyang 陂洋 Nantang 南塘 Bawan 八万 Tanxi 潭西 Da an 大安 Jinxiang 金厢 Neihu 内湖 Xinan 西南 Shangying 上英 Hedong 河东 Demography EditLufeng has a population of 1 7 million 7 the most of them are Han Chinese More specifically a considerable percentage of the population belong to the Minnan sub group the rest are Teochews Hakka and Ming Dynasty Jianghuai military speakers Therefore dialects of both Min Nan Teochew and Hakka are spoken in addition to Mandarin which is used in official and public life The Hailufeng dialect however only refers to the Hokkien variant Climate EditClimate data for Lufeng 1981 2010 Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec YearRecord high C F 28 7 83 7 29 4 84 9 30 2 86 4 32 5 90 5 34 1 93 4 36 0 96 8 37 8 100 0 37 0 98 6 36 6 97 9 34 7 94 5 32 7 90 9 29 3 84 7 37 8 100 0 Average high C F 19 9 67 8 19 7 67 5 21 9 71 4 25 5 77 9 28 5 83 3 30 5 86 9 31 9 89 4 32 1 89 8 31 2 88 2 29 2 84 6 25 9 78 6 21 7 71 1 26 5 79 7 Daily mean C F 14 7 58 5 15 2 59 4 17 9 64 2 21 7 71 1 25 0 77 0 27 3 81 1 28 4 83 1 28 3 82 9 27 1 80 8 24 3 75 7 20 5 68 9 16 2 61 2 22 2 72 0 Average low C F 11 3 52 3 12 4 54 3 15 1 59 2 19 1 66 4 22 3 72 1 24 8 76 6 25 5 77 9 25 4 77 7 24 1 75 4 20 9 69 6 16 8 62 2 12 5 54 5 19 2 66 5 Record low C F 2 6 36 7 3 9 39 0 2 8 37 0 9 6 49 3 14 4 57 9 18 6 65 5 21 8 71 2 21 7 71 1 17 9 64 2 11 6 52 9 6 2 43 2 1 0 33 8 1 0 33 8 Average precipitation mm inches 29 6 1 17 63 6 2 50 112 9 4 44 158 5 6 24 262 9 10 35 440 1 17 33 329 6 12 98 352 9 13 89 199 8 7 87 34 1 1 34 26 6 1 05 28 3 1 11 2 038 9 80 27 Average relative humidity 73 78 82 83 84 86 84 84 80 74 71 69 79Source China Meteorological Data Service Center 8 Transportation EditLufeng railway station on the Xiamen Shenzhen railway serves the city though it is located some distance outside the city Lufeng East and Lufeng South both on the Shantou Shanwei high speed railway will serve the city in the future Notable people EditWen Yuan ning also known as Oon Guan neng Chinese professor writer and diplomat Wong Yuk man Hong Kong politician Charles Heung actor turned film producer and presenter Ada Zhuang C pop artistSee also EditBoshe a village in Jiaxi Wukan protestsNotes Edit The Postal Map spelling was based on the name s local Cantonese pronunciation Other romanizations include Lu feng 1 Luh fung 2 and Luh Fung 3 References EditCitations Edit Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Kwang Tung Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol XV 11th ed Cambridge University Press Baynes T S ed 1878 China Encyclopaedia Britannica vol 5 9th ed New York Charles Scribner s Sons Bolton amp al 1941 p 262 Guangdong Villages Battle over Road use Verna Yu South China Morning Post 10 March 2010 https www bbc co uk news world asia pacific 15032458 Michael Bristow 14 December 2011 China protest worsens in Guangdong after villager death BBC News Retrieved 14 December 2011 Beijing zero tolerance against illegal land grabs Asia News 26 September 2011 中国地面气候标准值月值 1981 2010 in Simplified Chinese China Meteorological Data Service Center Retrieved 7 November 2022 Bibliography Edit Bolton Kingsley et al 1941 Triad Societies Vol 5 Abingdon Routledge ISBN 9780415243971 reprinted 2000 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Lufeng Guangdong amp oldid 1148136094, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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