Munger
Munger, formerly spelt as Monghyr,[7] is a twin city and a Municipal Corporation situated in the Indian state of Bihar.[8] It is the administrative headquarters of Munger district and Munger Division. Munger was one of the major cities in Eastern India and undivided Bengal during Mughal period and British Raj. It is one of the major political,cultural,educational and commercial center of Bihar and Eastern India. Munger is situated about 180km from east of capital city Patna, about 480km west of Eastern India's largest city kolkata and 1200km from country's capital New Delhi.
Munger | |
|---|---|
| Nickname: Yoga Nagri[1] | |
Munger Location in Bihar, India Munger Munger (India) | |
| Coordinates: 25°22′52″N 86°27′54″E / 25.381°N 86.465°ECoordinates: 25°22′52″N 86°27′54″E / 25.381°N 86.465°E | |
| Country | India |
| State | Bihar |
| District | Munger |
| Established | 1834 |
| Founded by | Chandragupta Maurya |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipal Corporation |
| • Body | Munger Municipal Corporation |
| • Mayor | Smt. Kumkum Devi |
| • Municipal Commissioner | Nikhil Dhanraj (IAS) |
| • MLA,Munger | Pranav Kumar (BJP) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 89 km2 (34 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 43 m (141 ft) |
| Population (2011)[3] | |
| • Total | 213,101 |
| • Rank | 11th in Bihar |
| • Density | 2,400/km2 (6,200/sq mi) |
| Demonym | Mungeri |
| Language | |
| • Official | Hindi[4] |
| • Additional official | Urdu[4] |
| • Regional | Hindi, English, Angika, Maithili[5] |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 811201 to 811214 , 813201[6] |
| Telephone code | +91-6344 |
| Vehicle registration | BR-08 |
| Website | munger |
Historically, Munger is known for being an ancient seat of rule. The twin city comprises Munger and Jamalpur situated on the southern bank of the river Ganges.[9] It is situated 08 km from Jamalpur Junction,180 km east of capital city Patna and 430 Km from Kolkata the capital of West Bengal.
Munger is said to have been founded by the Guptas (4th century CE) and contains a fort that houses the tomb of the Muslim saint Shah Mushk Nafā (died 1497). In 1763, the Nawab of Bengal Mir Qasim made Munger his capital and built an arsenal and several palaces. It was constituted a municipality in 1864.
Geography
Climate
The climate of Munger is subtropical (warm in summer and cold during winter). The Köppen climate classification sub-type for this climate is humid subtropical.[10]
| Climate data for Munger, India | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 23.5 (74.3) | 26.4 (79.6) | 32.5 (90.5) | 37.0 (98.6) | 37.9 (100.3) | 35.5 (95.9) | 31.9 (89.4) | 31.2 (88.1) | 31.5 (88.7) | 30.8 (87.5) | 27.7 (81.9) | 24.2 (75.6) | 30.8 (87.5) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 9.4 (48.9) | 11.9 (53.4) | 16.9 (62.4) | 21.8 (71.3) | 24.6 (76.3) | 25.4 (77.7) | 24.9 (76.8) | 24.8 (76.6) | 24.2 (75.5) | 20.9 (69.7) | 14.4 (57.9) | 10 (50) | 19.1 (66.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 15 (0.6) | 18 (0.7) | 13 (0.5) | 13 (0.5) | 41 (1.6) | 170 (6.8) | 300 (11.7) | 280 (11) | 230 (8.9) | 81 (3.2) | 5.1 (0.2) | 2.5 (0.1) | 1,160 (45.7) |
| Source: weatherbase[10] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
As per 2011 census, Munger Municipal Corporation has a total population of 213,101 out of which 113,173 were males and 99,928 were females. It had a sex ratio of 883. The population between 0 and 6 years was 29,260. The literacy rate of the 7+ population was 81.83 per cent.[11]
Economy
Indian Railways operates of Asia's largest and oldest railway workshops at Jamalpur. This was set up by the British Raj in 1862.[13]
Munger has also ITC Factory established by the British. Ordinance Gun Factory Munger , ITC Milk Dairy and many others.[citation needed]
Culture
Munger is known for Sita Manpatthar (Sita charan) Sitacharan temple situated on a boulder in the middle of the Ganges in Munger (Mithilanchal) is the main center of public faith regarding Chhath festival. It is believed that Mata Sita performed the Chhaith festival in Munger. It was only after this that Chhath Mohaparv started. That is why Chhath Mohaparva is celebrated with great pomp in Munger.[14]Munger is also famous for Durga Puja Mahotsav which is celebrated for 10 days. The first nine days are celebrated with great fervor across the city. On the 10th day evening, one side rushes to the Polo Grounds for Ravan Badh, while the other side prepares for a unique ritual known as "Shobha Yatra." The “Shobha Yatra of Badi Durga of Sadipur” marks the importance of Badi Durga of Munger all over the country. People from all over the city join this yatra, and the deity is immersed early in the morning in the holy river Ganges.
Places of interest
- Munger Fort, covers an area of around 222 acres
- Chandika Asthan, a sacred Shakti-Peeth
- Kastaharni Ghat on the Ganges
- Bhimbandh Wildlife Sanctuary
- Bihar School of Yoga
- Sita Kund hotspring[15]
- Rishi Kund hotspring[16][17]
- Pir Pahar[18][17]
- Jai Prakash Udyaan / Company Garden [17]
- Dolphin ECO Park for the conservation of Gangetic river dolphin.[19]
- Mir Qasim's Tunnel[20]
- Peer Shah Nafah Shrine[21]
- Kharagpur Jheel (Lake) [17]
- Goenka Shivalaya / Machli Talab [22][17]
Transport
Rail
Munger has two railway stations known as: Jamalpur Junction and Munger Railway Station. The former is the main railhead for the city while the latter, which was earlier called Purabsarai Railway Station, acts as suburban facility. Stations are connected with Sahibganj Loop.
The rail system provides connection to cities such as New Delhi, Mumbai,Surat, Yesvantpur Junction, Jamshedpur, Jammu Tawi, Dibrugarh, Guwahati, Lucknow, Patna, Ranchi, Agartala, Hyderabad, Deoghar Junction, Muzaffarpur Junction and Dhanbad. The Munger Ganga Bridge, which takes both rail and road-traffic, connects Munger to the nearby cities of Begusarai, Saharsa Junction, Katihar and Khagaria Junction as well as various districts of North Bihar.[23] The bridge is the third-largest rail-cum-road bridge in India.[24]
Road
Munger is connected to major parts of India by various National and State Highways. The major cities of Bihar and Jharkhand - such as Patna, Ranchi, Bhagalpur, Purnia, Bihar sharif, Muzaffarpur, Jamshedpur, Dhanbad, Gaya, Bokaro and Darbhanga - can be reached by NH 33, NH 333B, NH 333A, NH 31 and NH 333 and various state Highways. Regular bus service are provided by BSRTC for all the major cities and other destinations. Citybuses, Taxies, Autorikshaw, E-Rickshaw, etc. are available all the times in the entire city for transportation.
The Munger Ganga Bridge link Munger to various districts of North Bihar and north-eastern India by 2021.[citation needed]
Air
Munger Airport is located in Safyabad, which is 5 km from Munger. It was re-inaugurated by Chief Minister Nitish Kumar on 24 May 2016.[25][26] Munger has no international airport with commercial service. Domestic airport with commercial service is Jay Prakash Narayan Airport in Patna around 180 km away, which is served by all major airlines.
Nearest international airport is Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose International Airport in Kolkata Which is around 480 km away from Munger.
Education
- Bihar School of Yoga is one of the notable organizations in the field of Yoga established in 1964 by Satyananda Saraswati.
- Indian Railway Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering
- Biswanath Singh Institute of Legal Studies
- Munger University
- Government Engineering College, Munger
- Forestry College, Munger[27]
- Rahmani Foundation, Munger[28]
Notable people
- Sharadindu Bandyopadhyay, Bengali writer, lawyer and script-writer in Hindi films.
- Nandalal Bose, sculptor and painter
- George Browne, 6th Marquess of Sligo (1856–1935), Anglo-Irish aristocrat, born in Munger
- Mona Das - Washington State Senate
- Brahmanand Mandal - Former MP from Munger Lok Sabha constituency
- Muhammad Ali Mungeri, Indian Muslim scholar, founder Nadwatul Ulama
- Wali Rahmani - General Secretary of All India Muslim Personal Law Board of India
- Ramdhari Singh Dinkar, poet
- Monazir Hassan -four-time MLA from Munger and one-time member of the Indian Parliament in 15th Lok Sabha (2009 to 2014) and represented Begusarai (Lok Sabha constituency).[29]
- Krishna Singh, first Chief Minister of Bihar and a freedom fighter
- Kumar Suresh Singh, Director-General of Anthropological Survey of India[30]
- Udit Narayan Singh of Shakarpura Raj Zamindari- local benefactor
- Niranjanananda Saraswati, yoga Guru
- Satyananda Saraswati, founder of Bihar School of Yoga
References
- ^ "Economy | Munger District, Government of Bihar | India". munger.nic.in. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
- ^ "Munger City" (PDF). nagarseva.bihar.gov.in. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
- ^ "Census of India Search details". censusindia.gov.in. from the original on 18 May 2015. Retrieved 10 May 2015.
- ^ a b (PDF). nclm.nic.in. Ministry of Minority Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 3 January 2019.
- ^ "language | Munger District, Government of Bihar | India". munger.nic.in. Retrieved 12 March 2022.
- ^ "MUNGER Pin Code - 811201, Munger All Post Office Areas PIN Codes, Search MUNGER Post Office Address". ABP Live. Retrieved 27 July 2022.
- ^ Kerkhoff, Kathinka Sinha (2014). Colonising Plants in Bihar (1760-1950). PartridgeIndia. p. 229. ISBN 978-1-4828-3911-1.
- ^ "CDP Munger" (PDF). Urban department, Government of Bihar. (PDF) from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 31 December 2017.
- ^ "CDP Jamalpur" (PDF). Urban Department, Government of Bihar. (PDF) from the original on 9 May 2016. Retrieved 31 December 2017.
- ^ a b "weatherbase.com". weatherbase. 2014. from the original on 12 July 2017. Retrieved 31 December 2017. Retrieved on 8 April 2014.
- ^ "Cities having population 1 lakh and above" (PDF). Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011. (PDF) from the original on 7 May 2012. Retrieved 31 December 2017.
- ^ "Census of india:Socio-cultural aspects". Government of India, Ministry of Home Affairs. Retrieved 9 March 2014.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Kumod Verma (28 November 2013). "Minister releases stamp on Jamalpur railway workshop". Times of India. TNN. from the original on 3 July 2017. Retrieved 31 December 2017.
- ^ "Sitacharan Temple." Live Hindustan.livehindustan.com". Retrieved 8 November 2021.
- ^ "Sita Kund | Munger District, Government of Bihar | India". Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ "कुदरत का करिश्मा, ठंड में भी यहां बहता है गर्म पानी". Hindustan (in Hindi). 13 October 2016. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ a b c d e Bihar, Incredible Munger (28 December 2018). "10 best places to visit in Munger during new year". IM-BIHAR. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ Bihar, Incredible Munger (25 March 2020). "Pir Pahar: The heritage site of Munger, Bihar". IM-BIHAR. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ "मुंगेर में इको पार्क का आनंद ले सकेंगे पर्यटक". Hindustan (in Hindi). 5 October 2017. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ "Mir Kasim Tunnel | Munger District, Government of Bihar | India". Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ "Pir Shah Nafah Shrine | Munger District, Government of Bihar | India". Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ "Goyanka Shivalaya (Mirchi Talab) | Munger District, Government of Bihar | India". Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ Kumod Verma (15 April 2013). "Munger bridge likely to be operational by 2014 year end". The Times of India. TNN. from the original on 8 December 2014. Retrieved 31 December 2017.
- ^ "Top ten rail road bridges in india". Walk Through India. from the original on 13 April 2014. Retrieved 31 December 2017.
- ^ "मुख्यमंत्री ने हवाई अड्डा टर्मिनल का किया उद्घाटन". Dainik Jagran (in Hindi). Munger. 24 May 2016. Retrieved 30 April 2017.
- ^ Kashi Prasad (19 May 2016). "Nitish to open renovated airstrip". The Times of India. Munger. Retrieved 30 April 2017.
- ^ "PHOTOS: बिहार के नाम जुड़ने वाली है एक और बड़ी उपलब्धि, तस्वीरें देख करेंगे गर्व!". News18 (in Hindi). 30 April 2022. Retrieved 25 May 2022.
- ^ Anwar, Tarique (21 October 2015). "Rahmani 30: In the vast expanse of despair, it's the oasis of hope for Muslim students in Bihar". Firstpost. Retrieved 25 May 2022.
- ^ Kumar, Madan (2 July 2018). "Former MP Monazir Hassan returns to JD(U) after a gap of four years". The Times of India. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
- ^ Rajalakshmi, T. K. (30 June 2006). . Frontline. Vol. 23, no. 12. Archived from the original on 11 June 2011.