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City of Salford

January 14, 2023

This article is about the Metropolitan Borough in Greater Manchester. For the main settlement, see Salford. For the local government district in existence from 1844 to 1974, see County Borough of Salford.

The City of Salford (/ˈsɒlfərd/) is a metropolitan borough within Greater Manchester, England. The borough is named after its main settlement, Salford. The borough covers the towns of Eccles, Swinton, Walkden and Pendlebury, as well as the villages and suburbs of Monton, Little Hulton, Boothstown, Ellenbrook, Clifton, Cadishead, Pendleton, Winton and Worsley.[2] The borough has a population of 270,000,[3] and is administered from the Salford Civic Centre in Swinton. Salford is the historic centre of the Salford Hundred an ancient subdivision of Lancashire. The City of Salford is the 5th-most populous district in Greater Manchester.[4]

Salford
City and Metropolitan borough
City of Salford
Clockwise from top left: Salford City Council Logo, Salford Lads Club, Bridgewater Canal Worsley, Barton Aqueduct, Metrolink Tram at Salford Quays, Ordsall Hall, MediaCityUK
Coat of Arms of the city council
Motto(s): 
Salus Populi Suprema Lex"
"The Welfare of the People is the Highest Law"
Salford shown within Greater Manchester
Coordinates: 53°30′35″N 2°20′04″W / 53.50972°N 2.33444°W / 53.50972; -2.33444Coordinates: 53°30′35″N 2°20′04″W / 53.50972°N 2.33444°W / 53.50972; -2.33444
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
CountryEngland
RegionNorth West England
Ceremonial county & Combined authorityGreater Manchester
Admin HQSwinton
Historic countySalford Hundred, Lancashire
City status (Salford)1926
Metropolitan borough status1 April 1974
City status1 April 1974
Areas of the city
(2011 census BUASD)
List
Government
 • TypeMetropolitan borough, City
 • Governing bodySalford City Council
 • Ceremonial MayorCllr John Mullen
 • Elected MayorPaul Dennett (L)
 • MPs:Rebecca Long-Bailey (L)
Graham Stringer (L)
Barbara Keeley (L)
Area
 • Total37.53 sq mi (97.19 km2)
Elevation
223 ft (68 m)
Population
 (2021)
 • Total269,923 (Ranked 59th)
 • Density5,810/sq mi (2,243/km2)
 • Ethnicity
(2005 estimate) [1]
93.3% White
3.9% S.Asian and mixed
1.5% Black and mixed
1.0% Chinese and other
DemonymsSalfordian
Time zoneUTC+0 (Greenwich Mean Time)
Postcode
M
Area code0161
ISO 3166-2GB-SLF
ONS code00BR (ONS)
E08000006 (GSS)
OS grid referenceSJ805985
NUTS 3UKD31
Websitewww.salford.gov.uk

The city's boundaries, set by the Local Government Act 1972, include five former local government districts. It is bounded on the southeast by the River Irwell, which forms part of its boundary with Manchester to the east, and by the Manchester Ship Canal to the south, which forms its boundary with Trafford. The metropolitan boroughs of Wigan, Bolton, and Bury lie to the west, northwest, and north respectively. Some parts of the city, which lies directly west of Manchester, are highly industrialized and densely populated, but around one-third of the city consists of rural open space. The western half of the city stretches across an ancient peat bog, Chat Moss.

Salford has a history of human activity stretching back to the Neolithic age. There are over 250 listed buildings in the city, including Salford Cathedral, and three Scheduled Ancient Monuments. With the Industrial Revolution, Salford and its neighboring settlements grew alongside the textile industry. The former County Borough of Salford was granted city status in 1926 and thus making it the second city in Greater Manchester after neighboring Manchester. The city and its industries experienced a decline throughout much of the 20th century. Since the 1990s, parts of Salford have undergone regeneration, especially Salford Quays, home of BBC North and Granada Television, and the area around the University of Salford.

Salford Red Devils are a professional rugby league club in Super League and Salford City F.C. is a professional football club in League Two. Old Trafford, the home of Manchester United, in Trafford, is opposite Salford Quays.

History

 
Kersal Cell, built in the 16th century, was a manor house built on the site of a Cluniac priory.
 
Former Salford Town Hall, Bexley Square

Although the metropolitan borough of the City of Salford was a 20th-century creation, the area has a long history of human activity, extending back to the Stone Age. Neolithic flint arrow-heads and tools, and evidence of Bronze Age activity has been discovered in Salford.[5] The northerly section of Watling Street, a Roman road from Manchester (Mamucium) via Bury to Ribchester (Bremetennacum), passes through the city;[6] a hoard of over 550 bronze Roman coins dating between 259 AD and 278 AD was discovered in Boothstown;[7] and a Romano-British bog body, Worsley Man, was discovered in the Chat Moss peat bog.[8]

In 1142, a monastic cell (small monastic house) dedicated to St. Leonard was established in Kersal.[6] The 12th century hundred of Salford was created as Salfordshire in the historic county of Lancashire and survived until the 19th century,[9] when it was replaced by one of the first county boroughs in the country. Salford became a free borough in about 1230,[10] when it was granted a charter as a free borough by the Earl Ranulph of Chester.[11] The cell in Kersal was sold in 1540 during the Dissolution of the Monasteries.[6] A 16th-century manor house, called Kersal Cell, was built on the site of the priory.[12] In the English Civil War between King Charles I and parliament, Salford was Royalist.[13] Salford was also noted as Jacobite territory; its inhabitants supported Charles Edward Stuart's claim to the Kingdom of Great Britain and hosted him when he rode through the area during the Jacobite rising of 1745.[13]

 
The Barton Swing Aqueduct in the closed position.

During the Industrial Revolution, Salford grew as a result of the textile industry.[14] Although Salford experienced an increase in population, it was overshadowed by the dominance of Manchester and did not evolve as a commercial centre in the same way.[15] On 15 September 1830, Eccles was site of the world's first railway accident.[16] During a stop in Eccles to take on water, William Huskisson, Member of Parliament for Liverpool, had his leg crushed by Stephenson's Rocket; at the time he was in conversation with the Duke of Wellington, who was opening the railway, and did not get out of the way of the train in time. Although Huskisson was taken to Eccles for treatment he died of his injuries.[17] The six-foot-tall Oglala Sioux tribesman, "Surrounded By the Enemy", died here from a bronchial infection at age twenty-two in 1887 during a tour of Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show and was buried at Brompton Cemetery.[18] In 1894, the Manchester Ship Canal was opened, running from the River Mersey to Salford Quays; when it was complete it was the largest navigation canal in the world.[19] Along the route of the canal, it was necessary to create an aqueduct carrying the Bridgewater Canal over the Ship Canal. The Barton Swing Aqueduct, designed by Sir Edward Leader Williams,[20] is 100 metres (330 ft) long and weighs 1,450 metric tons (1,427 long tons; 1,598 short tons).[21][22]

At the start of the 20th century, Salford began to decline due to competition from outside the UK. A survey in 1931 concluded that parts of Salford were amongst the worst slums in the country.[23] Salford was granted city status in 1926.[24] During World War II, Salford Docks were regularly bombed.[25]

In the decades following the Second World War there was a significant economic and population decline in Salford.[26] In 1961 a small part of Eccles was added to the city. On 1 April 1974, the City and County Borough of Salford was abolished under the Local Government Act 1972, and was replaced by the metropolitan borough of City of Salford, one of ten local government districts in the new metropolitan county of Greater Manchester.[9][27] The city status of the new district was confirmed by additional letters patent issued on the same day.[28] Since the early 1990s, the decline has slowed.[26]

Prior to the metropolitan borough's creation, the name Salford for the new local government district courted controversy. Salford was "thought second-class by those in Eccles", who preferred the new name "Irwell" for the district (with reference to the River Irwell).[29] A councillor for the then City and County Borough of Salford objected to this suggestion, stating this label was nothing but "a dirty stinking river".[29] The name Irwell won 8 votes to Salford's 7, but a private protest and deliberation favoured Salford as the name for the new city, citing that the River Irwell would pass through two other Greater Manchester districts, and that it "doesn't touch Worsley".[29]

Geography

 
The River Irwell marks the border between Salford & Manchester

The City of Salford is bounded to the north by the Metropolitan Borough of Bolton and Metropolitan Borough of Bury. To the south by the Metropolitan Borough of Trafford and to the west by the Metropolitan Borough of Wigan. Manchester lies directly across the river from Salford. The natural mossland of Chat Moss lies in the south western corner of the city; it covers an area of about 10.6 square miles (27.5 km2), accounting for about 30% of the city's area,[30] and lies 75 feet (23 m) above sea level.[31] The moss makes up the largest area of prime farmland in Greater Manchester.[30] Kersal Moor is an area of moorland spanning 8 hectares (20 acres) in Kersal; it is a local nature reserve and a Site of Biological Importance.[32][33] Greenspace accounts for 55.7% of the City of Salford's total area, domestic buildings and gardens comprise 20.0%, and the rest is made up of roads and non-domestic buildings.[34]

To the south of Salford are the docks of Salford Quays, now home to the MediaCityUK. MediaCityUK is a large area that crosses the boundary into Trafford Park, Trafford. Although Salford Quays is in the City of Salford and has created job opportunities and more housing since the 2010s when it was built.

The River Irwell runs south east through Kearsley, Clifton and Agecroft then meanders around Lower Broughton and Kersal, Salford Crescent and the centre of Manchester, joining the rivers Irk and Medlock. Turning west, it meets the Mersey south of Irlam, where the route of the river was altered in the late 19th century to form part of the course of the Manchester Ship Canal. The ship canal, opened in 1894, forms part of Salford's southern boundaries with Trafford.[35] The city's climate is generally temperate, like the rest of Greater Manchester. The nearest weather station is 10 miles (16 km) away at Ringway, in Manchester; the mean highest and lowest temperatures (13.2 °C (55.8 °F) and 6.4 °C (43.5 °F)) are slightly above the national average, while the annual rainfall (806.6 millimetres (31.76 in)) and average hours of sunshine (1394.5 hours) are respectively above and below the national averages.[36][37]

Governance

Parliamentary constituencies

See also: List of Parliamentary constituencies in Salford

The City of Salford is represented by Members of Parliament (MPs) for three constituencies, Salford and Eccles by Rebecca Long-Bailey (Labour),[38] Worsley and Eccles South by Barbara Keeley (Labour),[39] and the Broughton and Kersal wards of Salford in Blackley and Broughton by Graham Stringer (Labour).[40]

Council

Main article: Salford City Council

In 1974, Salford City Council was created to administer the newly formed local government district. Until 1986, it shared power with the Greater Manchester County Council. The council offices are in Swinton, in what was formerly Swinton and Pendlebury Town Hall. The Labour Party have been in control of the council since its formation in 1974.[41] The council has a constitution detailing how they should operate in performing their duties.[42]

Salford City Council was assessed by the Audit Commission and judged to be "improving well" in providing services for local people. Overall the council was awarded "three star" status meaning it was "performing well" and "consistently above minimum requirements", similar to 46% of all local authorities.[43]

The metropolitan borough of the City of Salford is based on the former County Borough of the City of Salford which included the city centre, Pendleton, Weaste, Claremont, Langworthy, Broughton, Kersal, Ordsall and Seedley. The city is entirely unparished and absorbed the municipal boroughs of Eccles and Swinton and Pendlebury and the urban districts of Irlam and Worsley. An urban district was a type of local government district which covered an urbanised area.

Since 2012, in addition to the long-existing and largely ceremonial, annually appointed civic mayor of Salford, the city has also had a directly elected mayor.

Party political make-up of Salford Council
Party Seats in 2022
  Labour 49
  Conservative 8
  Lib Dems 2
  Independent 1

Electoral wards

There are 60 councillors representing 20 wards. Swinton and Walkden have six councillors each.[44]

Ward name Area (ha)/mi2 Population (2014)
Barton 244 hectares (0.94 sq mi) [45] 12,462 [46]
Boothstown and Ellenbrook 860 hectares (3.3 sq mi) [47] 9,532 [48]
Broughton 267 hectares (1.03 sq mi) [49] 14,916 [50]
Cadishead 1,476 hectares (5.70 sq mi) [51] 10,739 [52]
Claremont 190 hectares (0.73 sq mi)[53] 10,166 [54]
Eccles 270 hectares (1.0 sq mi) [55] 11,499 [56]
Irlam 935 hectares (3.61 sq mi) [57] 9,857 [58]
Irwell Riverside 451 hectares (1.74 sq mi) [59] 12,939 [60]
Kersal 313 hectares (1.21 sq mi) [61] 12,929 [62]
Langworthy 203 hectares (0.78 sq mi) [63] 12,980 [64]
Little Hulton 452 hectares (1.75 sq mi) [65] 13,469 [66]
Ordsall 414 hectares (1.60 sq mi) [67] 16,725 [68]
Pendlebury 662 hectares (2.56 sq mi) [69] 13,434 [70]
Swinton North 349 hectares (1.35 sq mi) [71] 11,473 [72]
Swinton South 281 hectares (1.08 sq mi) [73] 11,458 [74]
Walkden North 448 hectares (1.73 sq mi) [75] 12,232 [76]
Walkden South 361 hectares (1.39 sq mi) [77] 10,185 [78]
Weaste and Seedley 354 hectares (1.37 sq mi) [79] 12,616 [80]
Winton 370 hectares (1.4 sq mi) [81] 12,339 [82]
Worsley 838 hectares (3.24 sq mi) [83] 10,090 [84]

Central Salford and Salford West

The district is divided into two areas (Central Salford and Salford West)[85] for some purposes including planning, regeneration and housing.

  • Central Salford is the eastern part of the district and comprises seven wards: Broughton, Claremont, Irwell Riverside, Kersal, Ordsall, Langworthy and Weaste & Seedley. This is the more urban half of the district and lies partly within the Manchester Inner Ring Road. Salford Quays lies within this area. Between 2005 and 2011, the Central Salford Urban Regeneration Company was responsible for urban regeneration in this area, securing over £1 billion of private sector investment.[86] Social housing is provided by Salix Homes in this area.
  • Salford West comprises the other 13 wards, including the towns of Eccles, Pendlebury, Swinton and Walkden. This is the more suburban and rural half of the district. Salford City Council's aspiration is that "In 2028, Salford West will be one of the most desirable and prosperous areas in Greater Manchester."[87] Social housing is provided by City West Housing Trust in this area.

Coat of arms

 
The coat of arms of Salford City Council

The coat of arms of Salford City Council depicts a weaving shuttle surrounded by five bees with a three masted ship above, on a shield flanked by two lions.[88] The blue background with a gold chief is taken from the arms of the city council of the County Borough of Salford, who in turn took it from the colours of the Earl of Chester. The shuttle and five bees represent the industry of the area and five settlements who benefited from the textile industry.[88] The ship is borrowed from the crest of Eccles Borough Council and represents the importance of waterways to the city. The ship is flanked by two millrinds – the iron centres of millstones – symbolising engineering.[88] The lions are taken from the crest of the Borough of Swinton and Pendlebury; they are wearing iron steel chain representing engineering. The shield is topped by a griffin carrying a pennon depicting three boars' heads. The griffin is taken from the crest of Eccles and the boars are from the crest of Irlam Urban District.[88] Beneath the shield is a scroll reading salus populi suprema lex, Latin for "the welfare of the people is the highest law".[88]

Budget

In 2017–18, Salford City Council agreed to spend £267 million. They agreed an estimated £79M on children's services (30%); £56M on community health and social care (21%); £40M on levies and charges (15%); £39M on environment and community safety (14%); £36M and on capital financing (13%); £9M on corporate business (3%); £7M on regeneration (3%); and £2M on public health, reform and commissioning (1%). For the 2016–17 financial year, the council's income is expected to consist of £65M including council tax and efficiency savings. The net expenditure is therefore expected to be £202M.[89]

Audit

A Comprehensive Area Assessment by the Audit Commission in 2009 found that Salford's key priorities are improving health, reducing crime, helping young people achieve A-level qualifications, social services, including the views of minority groups, improving skills and "making Salford a cleaner and more attractive place to live".[90]

Demography

Ethnicity

Ethnic Group Year
2021[91]
Number %
White: Total 222,248 82.4
White: British 199,614 74.0
White: Irish 2,882 1.1
White: Roma 515 0.2
White: Gypsy or Irish Traveller 295 0.1
White: Other 18,942 7.0
Asian or Asian British: Total 14,938 5.5
Asian or Asian British: Indian 3,744 1.4
Asian or Asian British: Pakistani 4,074 1.5
Asian or Asian British: Bangladeshi 803 0.3
Asian or Asian British: Chinese 3,319 1.2
Asian or Asian British: Other Asian 2,998 1.1
Black or Black British: Total 16,473 6.1
Black or Black British: African 13,477 5.0
Black or Black British: Caribbean 1,338 0.5
Other Black 1,658 0.6
Mixed or British Mixed: Total 8,501 3.2
Mixed: White and Black Caribbean 2,596 1.0
Mixed: White and Black African 2,098 0.8
Mixed: White and Asian 1,844 0.7
Mixed: Other Mixed 1,963 0.7
Other: Total 7,762 2.9
Other: Arab 3,214 1.2
Other: Any other ethnic group 4,548 1.7
Total 269,923 100%

At the 2011 UK census, the City of Salford had a total population of 233,933.[92] Of the 103,556 households in Salford, 25.4% were married or same-sex civil partnership couples living together, 36.4% were one-person households, 11.2% were co-habiting couples and 13.5% were lone parents. The figures for lone parent households were above the national average of 10.6%, and the percentage of married couples was also below the national average of 33.2%; the proportion of one person households was higher than the national average of 30.3%.[93]

The population density was 24.1 persons per hectare (Salford covers 9,719 hectares), 117,151 (50.1%) female, and 116,782 (49.9%) male.[94] Of those aged 16–74 in Salford, 27.1% had no academic qualifications, significantly higher than 22.5% in all of England.[95] 11.8% of Salford's residents were born outside the United Kingdom, lower than the national average of 13.8%.[96] The largest minority group was recorded as Asian, at 4.1% of the population.[97]

The number of theft from a vehicle offences and theft of a vehicle per 1,000 of the population was 21.3 and 7.9 compared to the English national average of 7.6 and 2.9 respectively.[98] The number of sexual offences was 1.1 compared to the average of 0.9.[98] The national average of violence against another person was 16.7 compared to the Salford average of 27.2.[98] The figures for crime statistics were all recorded during the 2006/7 financial year.[99] Although all were above the averages for England, Salford's crime rate was lower than Manchester's.[100]

Population change

 
Salford tower blocks in 2001. Tower blocks were mostly built between the 1950s and 1970s.

The table below details the population change since 1801, including the percentage change since the last available census data. Although the City of Salford has existed as a metropolitan borough since 1974, figures have been generated by combining data from the towns, villages, and civil parishes that would later be constituent parts of the city.

Population growth in City of Salford since 1801
YearPopulation±%
180129,495—    
181138,460+30.4%
182149,114+27.7%
183168,744+40.0%
184191,361+32.9%
1851108,699+19.0%
1861148,740+36.8%
1871188,781+26.9%
YearPopulation±%
1881228,822+21.2%
1891265,000+15.8%
1901296,210+11.8%
1911331,098+11.8%
1921333,031+0.6%
1931334,989+0.6%
1941318,152−5.0%
1951302,160−5.0%
YearPopulation±%
1961291,240−3.6%
1971280,739−3.6%
1981241,532−14.0%
1991230,726−4.5%
2001216,103−6.3%
2011233,900+8.2%
Source: Vision of Britain[101]

Religion

See also: List of churches in Greater Manchester
 
Aerial photo of Salford Cathedral, one of the oldest and most prominent landmarks in the City of Salford. Also the home of the Diocese and Bishop of Salford.
 
St Peters' Church, Swinton and Pendlebury.

The following table shows the religious identity of residents residing in the city of Salford.

Religion 2011[102] 2021[103]
Number % Number %
Christian 150,111 64.2 128,785 47.7
Muslim 6,030 2.6 13,542 5.0
Jewish 7,687 3.3 10,373 3.8
Hindu 1,504 0.6 2,113 0.8
Sikh 324 0.1 728 0.3
Buddhism 1,040 0.4 1,022 0.4
Other religion 691 0.3 1,068 0.4
No religion 52,105 22.3 96,140 35.6
Religion not stated 14,441 6.2 16,152 6.0
Total 233,933 100.00% 269,923 100.00%

Salford is covered by the Roman Catholic Diocese of Salford,[104] and the Church of England Diocese of Manchester.[105]

During the mid-19th century, there was an influx of Irish people into the Salford area, largely due to the famine in Ireland.[106] In 1848, Salford Roman Catholic Cathedral was consecrated, reflecting Salford's large Irish-born community at the time.[107]

Of Salford's six Grade I listed buildings, three are churches. St Augustine's Church, Pendlebury, was built in 1874 by George Frederick Bodley.[108] The Church of St Mary the Virgin, in Eccles, was originally built in the 13th century but was expanded in the 15th. A church has been on the site since at least the 12th century.[108][109] St Mark's Church, Worsley was built in 1846 by George Gilbert Scott.[108] The six Grade II* listed churches are the Church of St Andrew in Eccles,[108][110] the Cathedral Church of St John,[111] the Church of St Luke in Pendleton,[112] Monton Unitarian Church in Monton,[113] the Church of St Philip in Salford,[114] and the United Reformed Church.[108]

Economy

 
Salford Quays

Salford Docks (also called Manchester Docks) were opened by Queen Victoria in 1894, providing docks in Manchester and Salford for the Manchester Ship Canal which linked Manchester to the sea.[115] During the 1970s, the docks fell into decline as they proved too small for new, larger ships,[115] and when they were abandoned in 1982 over 3,000 people lost their jobs.[115] Salford City Council purchased the docks in 1984 and since then they underwent regeneration as a centre of tourism in Salford, which included the construction of the Lowry Centre.[115] More than 10,000 people are employed in the Quays in jobs such as retail, construction, and e-commerce.[116] In 2007, it was confirmed that the BBC would be moving five of its departments to a new development on Pier 9 of Salford Quays, called MediaCityUK.[117] The move was completed in 2011.

City of Salford Compared
2011 UK Census[118] City of Salford North West England
Population of working age 173,117 5,184,216 38,881,374
Full-time employment 39.3% 37.5% 38.6%
Part-time employment 12.5% 13.9% 13.7%
Self employed 6.6% 8.2% 9.8%
Unemployed 5.2% 4.7% 4.4%
Retired 12.1% 14.8% 13.7%

Finance and professional services, tourism and culture, and computer and internet based services have been identified as growth industries in Greater Manchester and are concentrated in Manchester and Salford.[119] Average house prices in the City of Salford are sixth out of all the metropolitan boroughs in Greater Manchester, 7.6% lower than the average for the county.[120] There are, however, areas of considerable affluence, within the city, such as Broughton Park, parts of Kersal, Ellesmere Park, Worsley, parts of Swinton and Pendlebury and the ultra-modern Salford Quays.

At the 2011 UK census, Salford had 173,117 residents aged 16 to 74. 4.7% of these people were students with jobs, 4.1% looking after home or family, 6.9% permanently sick or disabled and 2.9% economically inactive for other reasons. The City of Salford has a high rate of people who are permanently sick and disabled, 70% higher than the national average of 4.0%.[118]

In 2011, of 106,904 residents of the City of Salford in employment, the industry of employment was: 17.8% retail and wholesale; 7.6% manufacturing;13.7% health and social work; 8.7% education; 7.2% construction; 5.2% transport and storage; 6.6% accommodation and food service; 6.2% administrative and support services; 6.0% professional, scientific and technical; 5.1% public administration and defence; 4.4% financial and insurance; 3.4% information and communication; 1.6% real estate; 0.9% water supply and waste management; 0.6% energy supply; 0.1% agriculture, forestry and fishing; 0.1% mining and quarrying; and 4.7% other. This was roughly in line with national figures, except for the proportion of jobs in agriculture which is less than half the national average, reflecting the city's suburban nature and its proximity to the centre of Manchester.[121]

JCDecaux UK has its Manchester office in the Metroplex Business Park in Salford.[122]

Culture

Landmarks

See also: List of tallest buildings and structures in Salford, List of Scheduled Monuments in Greater Manchester, Grade I listed buildings in Greater Manchester, Grade II* listed buildings in Greater Manchester, and List of public art in Greater Manchester

As of September 2003, the City of Salford has 6 Grade I, 14 Grade II*, and 253 Grade II listed buildings.[123] The city has the equal second highest number of Grade I listed buildings out of the districts of Greater Manchester, behind Manchester. The Grade I listed buildings are the Church of St Augustine, the Parish Church of St Mary the Virgin, St Mark's Church, Ordsall Hall, Wardley Hall, and a bridge over the River Irwell.[123] Salford Cathedral, built in 1845, is the seat of the Diocese of Salford and a Grade II* listed building.[124] Most of Salford's tallest buildings are mid-20th century residential tower blocks or 21st century high rise apartments. A study by Christopher Collier of the University of Salford suggested that Manchester's drizzly climate is largely due to the multitude of high-rise blocks in Salford.[125][126] Collier has proposed that they have a "dramatic influence on the region's weather patterns", and may contribute to the 8 °C (14 °F) temperature difference between Salford and its surrounding countryside.[125]

There are three Scheduled Ancient Monuments in the city. The oldest is an Iron Age promontory fort occupied from 500 BC–200 AD.[127] Also scheduled is Hanging Bridge on the border with Manchester, dating to the 14th century,[128] and an underground section of the Bridgewater Canal in Swinton built in 1759.[129]

Sport

 
Salford City Football Club stadium, Peninsula Stadium on Moor Lane, Salford. The spire of the cathedral is partly visible.

Salford is home to a number of past and present rugby league teams. Founded in 1873, Salford Red Devils play in the Super League at the AJ Bell Stadium, in Barton, Salford.[130] They are 6 times Champions and they won the Challenge Cup in 1938,[131] and have experienced two previous stretches in the Super League, 1997–2002 and 2004–2007.[132][133] In 2008 they won the Northern Rail Cup beating Doncaster 60–0 in the Final at Blackpool. They previously won the same trophy in 2003. They also won the National League 1 Grand Final in 2008, beating Celtic Crusaders after extra time in Warrington.[134] Construction on a new 20,000 seat £35 million pound stadium was complete in 2012. Now named the AJ Bell stadium it is home to Salford Red Devils and Sale Sharks rugby union team.[135][136]

Swinton Lions were founded in 1866 and play in the Championship at heywood road sale.[137] They won the Rugby Football League Championship six times between 1927 and 1964, before it was superseded by Super League. They have also won the Challenge Cup three times between 1900 and 1928.

Broughton Rangers were founded in 1877 and won the Rugby League Challenge Cup in the 1901–02 and 1910–11 seasons.[131] The club folded in 1955, but were reformed as a local amateur club in 2007 with the support of Salford Red Devils.[138][139]

At amateur level, the city is represented in rugby league by the Langworthy Reds. They are the oldest amateur rugby league club in Salford.

Also in Salford are several football and cricket teams. Irlam F.C. is an amateur football team that has played in the Manchester Football League since 1989.[140] They were founded in 1969 as Mitchell Shackleton Football Club and changed their name in 2006.[141] Salford City F.C. was founded in 1940 and play in the Football League Two.[142] Monton & Weaste C.C. and Clifton C.C. have played in the Central Lancashire Cricket League since 2005 and 2006 respectively. Walkden play in the Bolton Cricket League.[143] Little Hulton play in the Bolton and District Cricket Association.[144] Winton and Worsley play in the Manchester and District Cricket Association.[145]

Education

See also: List of schools in City of Salford
 
Established in 1967, the University of Salford is one of four universities in Greater Manchester and has approximately 19,000 students.

Overall, Salford was ranked 75th out of all the Local Education Authorities (LEAs) – and seventh in Greater Manchester – in National Curriculum assessment performance in 2007.[146] Unauthorised absences and authorised absences from Salford secondary schools in 2006–07 were 2.0% and 7.0% respectively, both higher than the national average (1.4% and 6.4%).[147] In 2007, the Salford LEA was ranked 127th out of 149 in the country – and ninth in Greater Manchester – based on the percentage of pupils attaining at least 5 A*–C grades at General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) including maths and English (37.8% compared with the national average of 46.7%).[148] In 2007, Beis Yaakov High School was the most successful school in Salford at GCSE, with 90% of the pupils gaining five or more GCSEs at A*–C grade including maths and English. Bridgewater School was the most successful at A–level.[149]

The University of Salford is one of four universities in Greater Manchester and was ranked 81st by The Times. It has over 19,000 students[150] and a 69.7% level of student satisfaction. In 2007, the university received nearly 17,000 applications for 3,660 places.[151] The university is undergoing £150M of redevelopment through investment in new facilities, including a £10M law school and a £22M building for health and social care which were opened in 2006.[151] In 2007, the drop out rate from the university was 25%. Of the students graduating, 50% gained first class or 2:1 degrees,[151] which is below the national average of about 55%.[152]

Transport

 
Salford Central railway station

The city of Salford is served by nine railway stations on four routes. Eccles and Patricroft are on the northern route of the Liverpool to Manchester Line, while Irlam, in the southwest of the borough, is on the southern route. Clifton is on the line to Bolton and Preston; Swinton, Moorside and Walkden are on the Manchester to Southport Line via Wigan; and Salford Central and Salford Crescent are served by both routes. A station at Pendleton was closed in 1998 after suffering fire damage and a loss of patronage in favour of nearby Salford Crescent, opened a few years earlier.[153] All train services are provided by Northern,[154] though First transpennine offer occasional services during peak hours.

The Eccles line of the Manchester Metrolink runs through the City of Salford, with stations at Exchange Quay, Salford Quays, Anchorage, Harbour City, Broadway, Langworthy, Weaste, Ladywell and Eccles. The line was opened in two stages, in 1999 and 2000, as Phase 2 of the system's development.[155] In 2010 a new tram stop was opened at MediaCityUK, a 1 stop spur off the main Eccles line. Trams operate from here to Etihad Campus, sharing most of the route with the Eccles to Ashton line. Some Eccles and Ashton bound services also stop here, especially during peak hours. These lines provide good access for Eccles and the Quays to the rest of Greater Manchester.

There are bus stations at Pendleton and Eccles. Buses run to destinations throughout the city, across Greater Manchester and further afield: Pendleton is served by a route to Preston,[156] Eccles Interchange is next to the Metrolink stop.

The council is responsible for the administration and maintenance of public roads and footpaths in the city.[157]

Since 2020, electric scooters have been available for public hire in central Salford, Salford Quays, Ordsall, Pendleton and at the University of Salford. The e-scooter hire service is operated by shared micromobility company Lime.[158]

Notable people

Twin towns

The City of Salford has formal twinning arrangements with four European places and one in Canada.[159] Each was originally twinned with a place within the city prior to its creation in 1974.

Freedom of the City

The following people and military units have received the Freedom of the City of Salford.

Individuals

[163]

Military units

Military units:[163]

See also

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Bibliography

  • Birks, H.J.B (1965). "Late-glacial deposits at Bagmere, Cheshire, and Chat Moss, Lancashire". New Phytologist. Blackwell Publishing. 64 (2): 270–281. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1965.tb05396.x. ISSN 0028-646X.
  • Clark, David M. (1973). Greater Manchester Votes: A Guide to the New Metropolitan Authorities. Redrose.
  • Cooper, Glynis (2005). Salford: An Illustrated History. The Breedon Books Publishing Company. ISBN 1-85983-455-8.
  • Nevell, Mike (1997). The Archaeology of Trafford. Trafford Metropolitan Borough Council with the University of Manchester Archaeological Unit. ISBN 1-870695-25-9.
  • Owen, David (1983). The Manchester Ship Canal. Manchester University Press. ISBN 0-7190-0864-6.
  • Pain, Stephanie (23 September 2003). "The Head from Worsley Moss". New Scientist. Reed Business Information Ltd (2414). ISSN 0262-4079.

External links

  •   Media related to City of Salford at Wikimedia Commons
  • www.salford.gov.uk, Salford City Council
  • www.visitsalford.info, Visit Salford
  • , TVSalford, Salford's Community TV Channel
  • www.salfordonline.com, Video news and features about the City of Salford

January 14, 2023
city, salford, this, article, about, metropolitan, borough, greater, manchester, main, settlement, salford, local, government, district, existence, from, 1844, 1974, county, borough, salford, metropolitan, borough, within, greater, manchester, england, borough. This article is about the Metropolitan Borough in Greater Manchester For the main settlement see Salford For the local government district in existence from 1844 to 1974 see County Borough of Salford The City of Salford ˈ s ɒ l f er d is a metropolitan borough within Greater Manchester England The borough is named after its main settlement Salford The borough covers the towns of Eccles Swinton Walkden and Pendlebury as well as the villages and suburbs of Monton Little Hulton Boothstown Ellenbrook Clifton Cadishead Pendleton Winton and Worsley 2 The borough has a population of 270 000 3 and is administered from the Salford Civic Centre in Swinton Salford is the historic centre of the Salford Hundred an ancient subdivision of Lancashire The City of Salford is the 5th most populous district in Greater Manchester 4 SalfordCity and Metropolitan boroughCity of SalfordClockwise from top left Salford City Council Logo Salford Lads Club Bridgewater Canal Worsley Barton Aqueduct Metrolink Tram at Salford Quays Ordsall Hall MediaCityUKCoat of Arms of the city councilMotto s Salus Populi Suprema Lex The Welfare of the People is the Highest Law Salford shown within Greater ManchesterCoordinates 53 30 35 N 2 20 04 W 53 50972 N 2 33444 W 53 50972 2 33444 Coordinates 53 30 35 N 2 20 04 W 53 50972 N 2 33444 W 53 50972 2 33444Sovereign stateUnited KingdomCountryEnglandRegionNorth West EnglandCeremonial county amp Combined authorityGreater ManchesterAdmin HQSwintonHistoric countySalford Hundred LancashireCity status Salford 1926Metropolitan borough status1 April 1974City status1 April 1974Areas of the city 2011 census BUASD List AgecroftBarton upon IrwellBlackfriarsBoothstownBroughtonCadisheadCity CentreEccles Town GreengateIrlams o th HeightKersalLangworthyLittle HultonLinnyshawMontonOrdsallPatricroftPeel GreenPendlebury Town PendletonSalford QuaysSeedleySwinton Town Walkden Town WardleyWeasteWintonWorsleyGovernment TypeMetropolitan borough City Governing bodySalford City Council Ceremonial MayorCllr John Mullen Elected MayorPaul Dennett L MPs Rebecca Long Bailey L Graham Stringer L Barbara Keeley L Area Total37 53 sq mi 97 19 km2 Elevation223 ft 68 m Population 2021 Total269 923 Ranked 59th Density5 810 sq mi 2 243 km2 Ethnicity 2005 estimate 1 93 3 White3 9 S Asian and mixed1 5 Black and mixed1 0 Chinese and otherDemonymsSalfordianTime zoneUTC 0 Greenwich Mean Time PostcodeMArea code0161ISO 3166 2GB SLFONS code00BR ONS E08000006 GSS OS grid referenceSJ805985NUTS 3UKD31Websitewww salford gov ukThe city s boundaries set by the Local Government Act 1972 include five former local government districts It is bounded on the southeast by the River Irwell which forms part of its boundary with Manchester to the east and by the Manchester Ship Canal to the south which forms its boundary with Trafford The metropolitan boroughs of Wigan Bolton and Bury lie to the west northwest and north respectively Some parts of the city which lies directly west of Manchester are highly industrialized and densely populated but around one third of the city consists of rural open space The western half of the city stretches across an ancient peat bog Chat Moss Salford has a history of human activity stretching back to the Neolithic age There are over 250 listed buildings in the city including Salford Cathedral and three Scheduled Ancient Monuments With the Industrial Revolution Salford and its neighboring settlements grew alongside the textile industry The former County Borough of Salford was granted city status in 1926 and thus making it the second city in Greater Manchester after neighboring Manchester The city and its industries experienced a decline throughout much of the 20th century Since the 1990s parts of Salford have undergone regeneration especially Salford Quays home of BBC North and Granada Television and the area around the University of Salford Salford Red Devils are a professional rugby league club in Super League and Salford City F C is a professional football club in League Two Old Trafford the home of Manchester United in Trafford is opposite Salford Quays Contents 1 History 2 Geography 3 Governance 3 1 Parliamentary constituencies 3 2 Council 3 2 1 Electoral wards 3 3 Central Salford and Salford West 3 4 Coat of arms 3 5 Budget 3 6 Audit 4 Demography 4 1 Ethnicity 4 2 Population change 4 3 Religion 5 Economy 6 Culture 6 1 Landmarks 6 2 Sport 7 Education 8 Transport 9 Notable people 10 Twin towns 11 Freedom of the City 11 1 Individuals 11 2 Military units 12 See also 13 References 13 1 Bibliography 14 External linksHistory Edit Kersal Cell built in the 16th century was a manor house built on the site of a Cluniac priory Former Salford Town Hall Bexley Square Although the metropolitan borough of the City of Salford was a 20th century creation the area has a long history of human activity extending back to the Stone Age Neolithic flint arrow heads and tools and evidence of Bronze Age activity has been discovered in Salford 5 The northerly section of Watling Street a Roman road from Manchester Mamucium via Bury to Ribchester Bremetennacum passes through the city 6 a hoard of over 550 bronze Roman coins dating between 259 AD and 278 AD was discovered in Boothstown 7 and a Romano British bog body Worsley Man was discovered in the Chat Moss peat bog 8 In 1142 a monastic cell small monastic house dedicated to St Leonard was established in Kersal 6 The 12th century hundred of Salford was created as Salfordshire in the historic county of Lancashire and survived until the 19th century 9 when it was replaced by one of the first county boroughs in the country Salford became a free borough in about 1230 10 when it was granted a charter as a free borough by the Earl Ranulph of Chester 11 The cell in Kersal was sold in 1540 during the Dissolution of the Monasteries 6 A 16th century manor house called Kersal Cell was built on the site of the priory 12 In the English Civil War between King Charles I and parliament Salford was Royalist 13 Salford was also noted as Jacobite territory its inhabitants supported Charles Edward Stuart s claim to the Kingdom of Great Britain and hosted him when he rode through the area during the Jacobite rising of 1745 13 The Barton Swing Aqueduct in the closed position During the Industrial Revolution Salford grew as a result of the textile industry 14 Although Salford experienced an increase in population it was overshadowed by the dominance of Manchester and did not evolve as a commercial centre in the same way 15 On 15 September 1830 Eccles was site of the world s first railway accident 16 During a stop in Eccles to take on water William Huskisson Member of Parliament for Liverpool had his leg crushed by Stephenson s Rocket at the time he was in conversation with the Duke of Wellington who was opening the railway and did not get out of the way of the train in time Although Huskisson was taken to Eccles for treatment he died of his injuries 17 The six foot tall Oglala Sioux tribesman Surrounded By the Enemy died here from a bronchial infection at age twenty two in 1887 during a tour of Buffalo Bill s Wild West Show and was buried at Brompton Cemetery 18 In 1894 the Manchester Ship Canal was opened running from the River Mersey to Salford Quays when it was complete it was the largest navigation canal in the world 19 Along the route of the canal it was necessary to create an aqueduct carrying the Bridgewater Canal over the Ship Canal The Barton Swing Aqueduct designed by Sir Edward Leader Williams 20 is 100 metres 330 ft long and weighs 1 450 metric tons 1 427 long tons 1 598 short tons 21 22 At the start of the 20th century Salford began to decline due to competition from outside the UK A survey in 1931 concluded that parts of Salford were amongst the worst slums in the country 23 Salford was granted city status in 1926 24 During World War II Salford Docks were regularly bombed 25 In the decades following the Second World War there was a significant economic and population decline in Salford 26 In 1961 a small part of Eccles was added to the city On 1 April 1974 the City and County Borough of Salford was abolished under the Local Government Act 1972 and was replaced by the metropolitan borough of City of Salford one of ten local government districts in the new metropolitan county of Greater Manchester 9 27 The city status of the new district was confirmed by additional letters patent issued on the same day 28 Since the early 1990s the decline has slowed 26 Prior to the metropolitan borough s creation the name Salford for the new local government district courted controversy Salford was thought second class by those in Eccles who preferred the new name Irwell for the district with reference to the River Irwell 29 A councillor for the then City and County Borough of Salford objected to this suggestion stating this label was nothing but a dirty stinking river 29 The name Irwell won 8 votes to Salford s 7 but a private protest and deliberation favoured Salford as the name for the new city citing that the River Irwell would pass through two other Greater Manchester districts and that it doesn t touch Worsley 29 Geography Edit The River Irwell marks the border between Salford amp Manchester The City of Salford is bounded to the north by the Metropolitan Borough of Bolton and Metropolitan Borough of Bury To the south by the Metropolitan Borough of Trafford and to the west by the Metropolitan Borough of Wigan Manchester lies directly across the river from Salford The natural mossland of Chat Moss lies in the south western corner of the city it covers an area of about 10 6 square miles 27 5 km2 accounting for about 30 of the city s area 30 and lies 75 feet 23 m above sea level 31 The moss makes up the largest area of prime farmland in Greater Manchester 30 Kersal Moor is an area of moorland spanning 8 hectares 20 acres in Kersal it is a local nature reserve and a Site of Biological Importance 32 33 Greenspace accounts for 55 7 of the City of Salford s total area domestic buildings and gardens comprise 20 0 and the rest is made up of roads and non domestic buildings 34 To the south of Salford are the docks of Salford Quays now home to the MediaCityUK MediaCityUK is a large area that crosses the boundary into Trafford Park Trafford Although Salford Quays is in the City of Salford and has created job opportunities and more housing since the 2010s when it was built The River Irwell runs south east through Kearsley Clifton and Agecroft then meanders around Lower Broughton and Kersal Salford Crescent and the centre of Manchester joining the rivers Irk and Medlock Turning west it meets the Mersey south of Irlam where the route of the river was altered in the late 19th century to form part of the course of the Manchester Ship Canal The ship canal opened in 1894 forms part of Salford s southern boundaries with Trafford 35 The city s climate is generally temperate like the rest of Greater Manchester The nearest weather station is 10 miles 16 km away at Ringway in Manchester the mean highest and lowest temperatures 13 2 C 55 8 F and 6 4 C 43 5 F are slightly above the national average while the annual rainfall 806 6 millimetres 31 76 in and average hours of sunshine 1394 5 hours are respectively above and below the national averages 36 37 Governance Edit Salford Civic Centre in Swinton The meeting place of Salford City Council Parliamentary constituencies Edit See also List of Parliamentary constituencies in Salford The City of Salford is represented by Members of Parliament MPs for three constituencies Salford and Eccles by Rebecca Long Bailey Labour 38 Worsley and Eccles South by Barbara Keeley Labour 39 and the Broughton and Kersal wards of Salford in Blackley and Broughton by Graham Stringer Labour 40 Council Edit Main article Salford City Council In 1974 Salford City Council was created to administer the newly formed local government district Until 1986 it shared power with the Greater Manchester County Council The council offices are in Swinton in what was formerly Swinton and Pendlebury Town Hall The Labour Party have been in control of the council since its formation in 1974 41 The council has a constitution detailing how they should operate in performing their duties 42 Salford City Council was assessed by the Audit Commission and judged to be improving well in providing services for local people Overall the council was awarded three star status meaning it was performing well and consistently above minimum requirements similar to 46 of all local authorities 43 The metropolitan borough of the City of Salford is based on the former County Borough of the City of Salford which included the city centre Pendleton Weaste Claremont Langworthy Broughton Kersal Ordsall and Seedley The city is entirely unparished and absorbed the municipal boroughs of Eccles and Swinton and Pendlebury and the urban districts of Irlam and Worsley An urban district was a type of local government district which covered an urbanised area Since 2012 in addition to the long existing and largely ceremonial annually appointed civic mayor of Salford the city has also had a directly elected mayor Party political make up of Salford Council Party Seats in 2022 Labour 49 Conservative 8 Lib Dems 2 Independent 1Electoral wards Edit There are 60 councillors representing 20 wards Swinton and Walkden have six councillors each 44 Ward name Area ha mi2 Population 2014 Barton 244 hectares 0 94 sq mi 45 12 462 46 Boothstown and Ellenbrook 860 hectares 3 3 sq mi 47 9 532 48 Broughton 267 hectares 1 03 sq mi 49 14 916 50 Cadishead 1 476 hectares 5 70 sq mi 51 10 739 52 Claremont 190 hectares 0 73 sq mi 53 10 166 54 Eccles 270 hectares 1 0 sq mi 55 11 499 56 Irlam 935 hectares 3 61 sq mi 57 9 857 58 Irwell Riverside 451 hectares 1 74 sq mi 59 12 939 60 Kersal 313 hectares 1 21 sq mi 61 12 929 62 Langworthy 203 hectares 0 78 sq mi 63 12 980 64 Little Hulton 452 hectares 1 75 sq mi 65 13 469 66 Ordsall 414 hectares 1 60 sq mi 67 16 725 68 Pendlebury 662 hectares 2 56 sq mi 69 13 434 70 Swinton North 349 hectares 1 35 sq mi 71 11 473 72 Swinton South 281 hectares 1 08 sq mi 73 11 458 74 Walkden North 448 hectares 1 73 sq mi 75 12 232 76 Walkden South 361 hectares 1 39 sq mi 77 10 185 78 Weaste and Seedley 354 hectares 1 37 sq mi 79 12 616 80 Winton 370 hectares 1 4 sq mi 81 12 339 82 Worsley 838 hectares 3 24 sq mi 83 10 090 84 Central Salford and Salford West Edit The district is divided into two areas Central Salford and Salford West 85 for some purposes including planning regeneration and housing Central Salford is the eastern part of the district and comprises seven wards Broughton Claremont Irwell Riverside Kersal Ordsall Langworthy and Weaste amp Seedley This is the more urban half of the district and lies partly within the Manchester Inner Ring Road Salford Quays lies within this area Between 2005 and 2011 the Central Salford Urban Regeneration Company was responsible for urban regeneration in this area securing over 1 billion of private sector investment 86 Social housing is provided by Salix Homes in this area Salford West comprises the other 13 wards including the towns of Eccles Pendlebury Swinton and Walkden This is the more suburban and rural half of the district Salford City Council s aspiration is that In 2028 Salford West will be one of the most desirable and prosperous areas in Greater Manchester 87 Social housing is provided by City West Housing Trust in this area Coat of arms Edit The coat of arms of Salford City Council The coat of arms of Salford City Council depicts a weaving shuttle surrounded by five bees with a three masted ship above on a shield flanked by two lions 88 The blue background with a gold chief is taken from the arms of the city council of the County Borough of Salford who in turn took it from the colours of the Earl of Chester The shuttle and five bees represent the industry of the area and five settlements who benefited from the textile industry 88 The ship is borrowed from the crest of Eccles Borough Council and represents the importance of waterways to the city The ship is flanked by two millrinds the iron centres of millstones symbolising engineering 88 The lions are taken from the crest of the Borough of Swinton and Pendlebury they are wearing iron steel chain representing engineering The shield is topped by a griffin carrying a pennon depicting three boars heads The griffin is taken from the crest of Eccles and the boars are from the crest of Irlam Urban District 88 Beneath the shield is a scroll reading salus populi suprema lex Latin for the welfare of the people is the highest law 88 Budget Edit In 2017 18 Salford City Council agreed to spend 267 million They agreed an estimated 79M on children s services 30 56M on community health and social care 21 40M on levies and charges 15 39M on environment and community safety 14 36M and on capital financing 13 9M on corporate business 3 7M on regeneration 3 and 2M on public health reform and commissioning 1 For the 2016 17 financial year the council s income is expected to consist of 65M including council tax and efficiency savings The net expenditure is therefore expected to be 202M 89 Audit Edit A Comprehensive Area Assessment by the Audit Commission in 2009 found that Salford s key priorities are improving health reducing crime helping young people achieve A level qualifications social services including the views of minority groups improving skills and making Salford a cleaner and more attractive place to live 90 Demography EditEthnicity Edit Ethnic Group Year2021 91 Number White Total 222 248 82 4White British 199 614 74 0White Irish 2 882 1 1White Roma 515 0 2White Gypsy or Irish Traveller 295 0 1White Other 18 942 7 0Asian or Asian British Total 14 938 5 5Asian or Asian British Indian 3 744 1 4Asian or Asian British Pakistani 4 074 1 5Asian or Asian British Bangladeshi 803 0 3Asian or Asian British Chinese 3 319 1 2Asian or Asian British Other Asian 2 998 1 1Black or Black British Total 16 473 6 1Black or Black British African 13 477 5 0Black or Black British Caribbean 1 338 0 5Other Black 1 658 0 6Mixed or British Mixed Total 8 501 3 2Mixed White and Black Caribbean 2 596 1 0Mixed White and Black African 2 098 0 8Mixed White and Asian 1 844 0 7Mixed Other Mixed 1 963 0 7Other Total 7 762 2 9Other Arab 3 214 1 2Other Any other ethnic group 4 548 1 7Total 269 923 100 At the 2011 UK census the City of Salford had a total population of 233 933 92 Of the 103 556 households in Salford 25 4 were married or same sex civil partnership couples living together 36 4 were one person households 11 2 were co habiting couples and 13 5 were lone parents The figures for lone parent households were above the national average of 10 6 and the percentage of married couples was also below the national average of 33 2 the proportion of one person households was higher than the national average of 30 3 93 The population density was 24 1 persons per hectare Salford covers 9 719 hectares 117 151 50 1 female and 116 782 49 9 male 94 Of those aged 16 74 in Salford 27 1 had no academic qualifications significantly higher than 22 5 in all of England 95 11 8 of Salford s residents were born outside the United Kingdom lower than the national average of 13 8 96 The largest minority group was recorded as Asian at 4 1 of the population 97 The number of theft from a vehicle offences and theft of a vehicle per 1 000 of the population was 21 3 and 7 9 compared to the English national average of 7 6 and 2 9 respectively 98 The number of sexual offences was 1 1 compared to the average of 0 9 98 The national average of violence against another person was 16 7 compared to the Salford average of 27 2 98 The figures for crime statistics were all recorded during the 2006 7 financial year 99 Although all were above the averages for England Salford s crime rate was lower than Manchester s 100 Population change Edit Salford tower blocks in 2001 Tower blocks were mostly built between the 1950s and 1970s The table below details the population change since 1801 including the percentage change since the last available census data Although the City of Salford has existed as a metropolitan borough since 1974 figures have been generated by combining data from the towns villages and civil parishes that would later be constituent parts of the city Population growth in City of Salford since 1801YearPopulation 180129 495 181138 460 30 4 182149 114 27 7 183168 744 40 0 184191 361 32 9 1851108 699 19 0 1861148 740 36 8 1871188 781 26 9 YearPopulation 1881228 822 21 2 1891265 000 15 8 1901296 210 11 8 1911331 098 11 8 1921333 031 0 6 1931334 989 0 6 1941318 152 5 0 1951302 160 5 0 YearPopulation 1961291 240 3 6 1971280 739 3 6 1981241 532 14 0 1991230 726 4 5 2001216 103 6 3 2011233 900 8 2 Source Vision of Britain 101 Religion Edit See also List of churches in Greater Manchester Aerial photo of Salford Cathedral one of the oldest and most prominent landmarks in the City of Salford Also the home of the Diocese and Bishop of Salford St Peters Church Swinton and Pendlebury The following table shows the religious identity of residents residing in the city of Salford Religion 2011 102 2021 103 Number Number Christian 150 111 64 2 128 785 47 7Muslim 6 030 2 6 13 542 5 0Jewish 7 687 3 3 10 373 3 8Hindu 1 504 0 6 2 113 0 8Sikh 324 0 1 728 0 3Buddhism 1 040 0 4 1 022 0 4Other religion 691 0 3 1 068 0 4No religion 52 105 22 3 96 140 35 6Religion not stated 14 441 6 2 16 152 6 0Total 233 933 100 00 269 923 100 00 Salford is covered by the Roman Catholic Diocese of Salford 104 and the Church of England Diocese of Manchester 105 During the mid 19th century there was an influx of Irish people into the Salford area largely due to the famine in Ireland 106 In 1848 Salford Roman Catholic Cathedral was consecrated reflecting Salford s large Irish born community at the time 107 Of Salford s six Grade I listed buildings three are churches St Augustine s Church Pendlebury was built in 1874 by George Frederick Bodley 108 The Church of St Mary the Virgin in Eccles was originally built in the 13th century but was expanded in the 15th A church has been on the site since at least the 12th century 108 109 St Mark s Church Worsley was built in 1846 by George Gilbert Scott 108 The six Grade II listed churches are the Church of St Andrew in Eccles 108 110 the Cathedral Church of St John 111 the Church of St Luke in Pendleton 112 Monton Unitarian Church in Monton 113 the Church of St Philip in Salford 114 and the United Reformed Church 108 Economy Edit Salford Quays Salford Docks also called Manchester Docks were opened by Queen Victoria in 1894 providing docks in Manchester and Salford for the Manchester Ship Canal which linked Manchester to the sea 115 During the 1970s the docks fell into decline as they proved too small for new larger ships 115 and when they were abandoned in 1982 over 3 000 people lost their jobs 115 Salford City Council purchased the docks in 1984 and since then they underwent regeneration as a centre of tourism in Salford which included the construction of the Lowry Centre 115 More than 10 000 people are employed in the Quays in jobs such as retail construction and e commerce 116 In 2007 it was confirmed that the BBC would be moving five of its departments to a new development on Pier 9 of Salford Quays called MediaCityUK 117 The move was completed in 2011 City of Salford Compared2011 UK Census 118 City of Salford North West EnglandPopulation of working age 173 117 5 184 216 38 881 374Full time employment 39 3 37 5 38 6 Part time employment 12 5 13 9 13 7 Self employed 6 6 8 2 9 8 Unemployed 5 2 4 7 4 4 Retired 12 1 14 8 13 7 Finance and professional services tourism and culture and computer and internet based services have been identified as growth industries in Greater Manchester and are concentrated in Manchester and Salford 119 Average house prices in the City of Salford are sixth out of all the metropolitan boroughs in Greater Manchester 7 6 lower than the average for the county 120 There are however areas of considerable affluence within the city such as Broughton Park parts of Kersal Ellesmere Park Worsley parts of Swinton and Pendlebury and the ultra modern Salford Quays At the 2011 UK census Salford had 173 117 residents aged 16 to 74 4 7 of these people were students with jobs 4 1 looking after home or family 6 9 permanently sick or disabled and 2 9 economically inactive for other reasons The City of Salford has a high rate of people who are permanently sick and disabled 70 higher than the national average of 4 0 118 In 2011 of 106 904 residents of the City of Salford in employment the industry of employment was 17 8 retail and wholesale 7 6 manufacturing 13 7 health and social work 8 7 education 7 2 construction 5 2 transport and storage 6 6 accommodation and food service 6 2 administrative and support services 6 0 professional scientific and technical 5 1 public administration and defence 4 4 financial and insurance 3 4 information and communication 1 6 real estate 0 9 water supply and waste management 0 6 energy supply 0 1 agriculture forestry and fishing 0 1 mining and quarrying and 4 7 other This was roughly in line with national figures except for the proportion of jobs in agriculture which is less than half the national average reflecting the city s suburban nature and its proximity to the centre of Manchester 121 JCDecaux UK has its Manchester office in the Metroplex Business Park in Salford 122 Culture EditLandmarks Edit See also List of tallest buildings and structures in Salford List of Scheduled Monuments in Greater Manchester Grade I listed buildings in Greater Manchester Grade II listed buildings in Greater Manchester and List of public art in Greater ManchesterAs of September 2003 the City of Salford has 6 Grade I 14 Grade II and 253 Grade II listed buildings 123 The city has the equal second highest number of Grade I listed buildings out of the districts of Greater Manchester behind Manchester The Grade I listed buildings are the Church of St Augustine the Parish Church of St Mary the Virgin St Mark s Church Ordsall Hall Wardley Hall and a bridge over the River Irwell 123 Salford Cathedral built in 1845 is the seat of the Diocese of Salford and a Grade II listed building 124 Most of Salford s tallest buildings are mid 20th century residential tower blocks or 21st century high rise apartments A study by Christopher Collier of the University of Salford suggested that Manchester s drizzly climate is largely due to the multitude of high rise blocks in Salford 125 126 Collier has proposed that they have a dramatic influence on the region s weather patterns and may contribute to the 8 C 14 F temperature difference between Salford and its surrounding countryside 125 There are three Scheduled Ancient Monuments in the city The oldest is an Iron Age promontory fort occupied from 500 BC 200 AD 127 Also scheduled is Hanging Bridge on the border with Manchester dating to the 14th century 128 and an underground section of the Bridgewater Canal in Swinton built in 1759 129 Sport Edit Salford City Football Club stadium Peninsula Stadium on Moor Lane Salford The spire of the cathedral is partly visible Salford is home to a number of past and present rugby league teams Founded in 1873 Salford Red Devils play in the Super League at the AJ Bell Stadium in Barton Salford 130 They are 6 times Champions and they won the Challenge Cup in 1938 131 and have experienced two previous stretches in the Super League 1997 2002 and 2004 2007 132 133 In 2008 they won the Northern Rail Cup beating Doncaster 60 0 in the Final at Blackpool They previously won the same trophy in 2003 They also won the National League 1 Grand Final in 2008 beating Celtic Crusaders after extra time in Warrington 134 Construction on a new 20 000 seat 35 million pound stadium was complete in 2012 Now named the AJ Bell stadium it is home to Salford Red Devils and Sale Sharks rugby union team 135 136 Swinton Lions were founded in 1866 and play in the Championship at heywood road sale 137 They won the Rugby Football League Championship six times between 1927 and 1964 before it was superseded by Super League They have also won the Challenge Cup three times between 1900 and 1928 Broughton Rangers were founded in 1877 and won the Rugby League Challenge Cup in the 1901 02 and 1910 11 seasons 131 The club folded in 1955 but were reformed as a local amateur club in 2007 with the support of Salford Red Devils 138 139 At amateur level the city is represented in rugby league by the Langworthy Reds They are the oldest amateur rugby league club in Salford Also in Salford are several football and cricket teams Irlam F C is an amateur football team that has played in the Manchester Football League since 1989 140 They were founded in 1969 as Mitchell Shackleton Football Club and changed their name in 2006 141 Salford City F C was founded in 1940 and play in the Football League Two 142 Monton amp Weaste C C and Clifton C C have played in the Central Lancashire Cricket League since 2005 and 2006 respectively Walkden play in the Bolton Cricket League 143 Little Hulton play in the Bolton and District Cricket Association 144 Winton and Worsley play in the Manchester and District Cricket Association 145 Education EditSee also List of schools in City of Salford Established in 1967 the University of Salford is one of four universities in Greater Manchester and has approximately 19 000 students Overall Salford was ranked 75th out of all the Local Education Authorities LEAs and seventh in Greater Manchester in National Curriculum assessment performance in 2007 146 Unauthorised absences and authorised absences from Salford secondary schools in 2006 07 were 2 0 and 7 0 respectively both higher than the national average 1 4 and 6 4 147 In 2007 the Salford LEA was ranked 127th out of 149 in the country and ninth in Greater Manchester based on the percentage of pupils attaining at least 5 A C grades at General Certificate of Secondary Education GCSE including maths and English 37 8 compared with the national average of 46 7 148 In 2007 Beis Yaakov High School was the most successful school in Salford at GCSE with 90 of the pupils gaining five or more GCSEs at A C grade including maths and English Bridgewater School was the most successful at A level 149 The University of Salford is one of four universities in Greater Manchester and was ranked 81st by The Times It has over 19 000 students 150 and a 69 7 level of student satisfaction In 2007 the university received nearly 17 000 applications for 3 660 places 151 The university is undergoing 150M of redevelopment through investment in new facilities including a 10M law school and a 22M building for health and social care which were opened in 2006 151 In 2007 the drop out rate from the university was 25 Of the students graduating 50 gained first class or 2 1 degrees 151 which is below the national average of about 55 152 Transport Edit Salford Central railway station The city of Salford is served by nine railway stations on four routes Eccles and Patricroft are on the northern route of the Liverpool to Manchester Line while Irlam in the southwest of the borough is on the southern route Clifton is on the line to Bolton and Preston Swinton Moorside and Walkden are on the Manchester to Southport Line via Wigan and Salford Central and Salford Crescent are served by both routes A station at Pendleton was closed in 1998 after suffering fire damage and a loss of patronage in favour of nearby Salford Crescent opened a few years earlier 153 All train services are provided by Northern 154 though First transpennine offer occasional services during peak hours Eccles tram stop The Eccles line of the Manchester Metrolink runs through the City of Salford with stations at Exchange Quay Salford Quays Anchorage Harbour City Broadway Langworthy Weaste Ladywell and Eccles The line was opened in two stages in 1999 and 2000 as Phase 2 of the system s development 155 In 2010 a new tram stop was opened at MediaCityUK a 1 stop spur off the main Eccles line Trams operate from here to Etihad Campus sharing most of the route with the Eccles to Ashton line Some Eccles and Ashton bound services also stop here especially during peak hours These lines provide good access for Eccles and the Quays to the rest of Greater Manchester There are bus stations at Pendleton and Eccles Buses run to destinations throughout the city across Greater Manchester and further afield Pendleton is served by a route to Preston 156 Eccles Interchange is next to the Metrolink stop The council is responsible for the administration and maintenance of public roads and footpaths in the city 157 Since 2020 electric scooters have been available for public hire in central Salford Salford Quays Ordsall Pendleton and at the University of Salford The e scooter hire service is operated by shared micromobility company Lime 158 Notable people EditMark E Smith 1957 2018 leader of post punk band The Fall Harry Williams born 1929 footballerTwin towns EditThe City of Salford has formal twinning arrangements with four European places and one in Canada 159 Each was originally twinned with a place within the city prior to its creation in 1974 Clermont Ferrand France originally twinned with County Borough of Salford in 1966 160 Lunen Germany Municipal Borough of Swinton and Pendlebury 1966 Narbonne France Municipal Borough of Eccles 1957 160 Saint Ouen France Worsley Urban District 1961 160 Oattessel Canada Jaques Urban District 1977 160 Freedom of the City EditThe following people and military units have received the Freedom of the City of Salford This list is incomplete you can help by adding missing items August 2019 Individuals Edit Benjamin Armitage January 1899 Benn Wolfe Levy January 1899 Rt Hon David Lloyd George October 1922 Rt Hon Lord Colwyn July 1933 Edward Arthur Hardy JP January 1960 L S Lowry March 1965 Sir Peter Maxwell Davies November 2004 Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela 30 November 2005 Ryan Giggs January 2010 Harold Riley 15 November 2017 Mike Leigh 24 July 2019 161 Ben Wallsworth 30 October 2019 162 163 Military units Edit Military units 163 The Lancashire Fusiliers 18 October 1947 The Royal Regiment of Fusiliers 26 April 1975 See also Edit Greater Manchester portal2006 Salford Council election Salford local elections Mayor of SalfordReferences Edit City of Salford Metropolitan Borough resident population estimates by ethnic group percentages 2005 estimate Statistics gov uk Archived from the original on 12 June 2011 Retrieved 24 March 2008 United Kingdom Census 2001 Greater Manchester Urban Area statistics gov uk Archived from the original on 5 February 2009 Retrieved 6 December 2007 Authority Greater Manchester Combined Census 2021 First Results Greater Manchester Combined 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1965 Late glacial deposits at Bagmere Cheshire and Chat Moss Lancashire New Phytologist Blackwell Publishing 64 2 270 281 doi 10 1111 j 1469 8137 1965 tb05396 x ISSN 0028 646X Clark David M 1973 Greater Manchester Votes A Guide to the New Metropolitan Authorities Redrose Cooper Glynis 2005 Salford An Illustrated History The Breedon Books Publishing Company ISBN 1 85983 455 8 Nevell Mike 1997 The Archaeology of Trafford Trafford Metropolitan Borough Council with the University of Manchester Archaeological Unit ISBN 1 870695 25 9 Owen David 1983 The Manchester Ship Canal Manchester University Press ISBN 0 7190 0864 6 Pain Stephanie 23 September 2003 The Head from Worsley Moss New Scientist Reed Business Information Ltd 2414 ISSN 0262 4079 External links Edit Media related to City of Salford at Wikimedia Commons www salford gov uk Salford City Council www visitsalford info Visit Salford www tvsalford com TVSalford Salford s Community TV Channel www salfordonline com Video news and features about the City of Salford Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title City of Salford amp oldid 1129333689, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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