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1938

January 26, 2023

1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1938th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 938th year of the 2nd millennium, the 38th year of the 20th century, and the 9th year of the 1930s decade.

1938 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1938
MCMXXXVIII
Ab urbe condita2691
Armenian calendar1387
ԹՎ ՌՅՁԷ
Assyrian calendar6688
Baháʼí calendar94–95
Balinese saka calendar1859–1860
Bengali calendar1345
Berber calendar2888
British Regnal year2 Geo. 6 – 3 Geo. 6
Buddhist calendar2482
Burmese calendar1300
Byzantine calendar7446–7447
Chinese calendar丁丑年 (Fire Ox)
4634 or 4574
    — to —
戊寅年 (Earth Tiger)
4635 or 4575
Coptic calendar1654–1655
Discordian calendar3104
Ethiopian calendar1930–1931
Hebrew calendar5698–5699
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1994–1995
 - Shaka Samvat1859–1860
 - Kali Yuga5038–5039
Holocene calendar11938
Igbo calendar938–939
Iranian calendar1316–1317
Islamic calendar1356–1357
Japanese calendarShōwa 13
(昭和１３年)
Javanese calendar1868–1869
Juche calendar27
Julian calendarGregorian minus 13 days
Korean calendar4271
Minguo calendarROC 27
民國27年
Nanakshahi calendar470
Thai solar calendar2480–2481
Tibetan calendar阴火牛年
(female Fire-Ox)
2064 or 1683 or 911
    — to —
阳土虎年
(male Earth-Tiger)
2065 or 1684 or 912
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1938.


Events

January

Main article: January 1938
 
January 16: Benny Goodman in New York City
 
January 27: The Honeymoon Bridge, Niagara, collapses under ice.

February

Main article: February 1938

March

Main article: March 1938
 
March 4: Oil discovery in Saudi Arabia

April

Main article: April 1938
  • April 10
    • Édouard Daladier becomes prime minister of France. He appoints as Foreign Minister a leading advocate of the policy of appeasement, Georges Bonnet, effectively negating Blum's reassurances of March 14.
    • In a result that astonishes even Hitler, the Austrian electorate in a national referendum approves Anschluss by an overwhelming 99.73%.
  • April 16 – The UK and Italy sign an agreement that sees Britain recognise Italian control of Ethiopia (formally on November 16), in return for an Italian pledge to withdraw all its 10,000 troops from Spain, at the conclusion of the civil war there.
  • April 18 – Superman first appears in Action Comics #1 (cover date June). The date is established in court documents released during the legal battle over the rights to Superman (on April 18, 2018, DC Comics released Action Comics #1000).
  • April 24 – Konstantin Päts becomes the first President of Estonia.

May

Main article: May 1938

June

Main article: June 1938

July

Main article: July 1938

August

Main article: August 1938
  • August – In the face of overwhelming Japanese military pressure, Chiang Kai-shek withdraws his government to Chungking.
  • August 10 – At a secret summit with his leading generals, Hitler attacks General Beck's arguments against Fall Grün, winning the majority of his senior officers over to his point of view.
  • August 18 – Colonel General Ludwig Beck, convinced that Hitler's decision to attack Czechoslovakia will lead to a general European war, resigns his position as Chief of the Army General Staff in protest.
  • August 23 – Hitler, hosting a dinner on board the ocean liner Patria in Kiel Bay, tells the Regent of Hungary, Admiral Horthy, that action against Czechoslovakia is imminent and that "he who wants to sit at the table must at least help in the kitchen", a reference to Horthy's designs on Carpathian Ruthenia.

September

Main article: September 1938

October

Main article: October 1938

November

Main article: November 1938

December

Main article: December 1938

Date unknown

Births

Births
January · February · March · April · May · June · July · August · September · October · November · December

January–February

March–April

May–June

July–August

September–October

November–December

Date unknown

Deaths

January

February

March

April

 
Patriarch Khoren I of Armenia

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Nobel Prizes

 

References

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External links

  • The 1930s Timeline: 1938 – from American Studies Programs at The University of Virginia
  • 1938 – "The Fateful Year" for the Jews in Nazi Germany June 29, 2011, at the Wayback Machine - About the Holocaust- Yad Vashem

January 26, 2023
1938, january, february, march, april, june, july, august, september, october, november, december, mcmxxxviii, common, year, starting, saturday, gregorian, calendar, year, common, anno, domini, designations, 938th, year, millennium, 38th, year, 20th, century, . 1938 January February March April May June July August September October November December 1938 MCMXXXVIII was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar the 1938th year of the Common Era CE and Anno Domini AD designations the 938th year of the 2nd millennium the 38th year of the 20th century and the 9th year of the 1930s decade Millennium 2nd millenniumCenturies 19th century 20th century 21st centuryDecades 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950sYears 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 19411938 in various calendarsGregorian calendar1938MCMXXXVIIIAb urbe condita2691Armenian calendar1387ԹՎ ՌՅՁԷAssyrian calendar6688Bahaʼi calendar94 95Balinese saka calendar1859 1860Bengali calendar1345Berber calendar2888British Regnal year2 Geo 6 3 Geo 6Buddhist calendar2482Burmese calendar1300Byzantine calendar7446 7447Chinese calendar丁丑年 Fire Ox 4634 or 4574 to 戊寅年 Earth Tiger 4635 or 4575Coptic calendar1654 1655Discordian calendar3104Ethiopian calendar1930 1931Hebrew calendar5698 5699Hindu calendars Vikram Samvat1994 1995 Shaka Samvat1859 1860 Kali Yuga5038 5039Holocene calendar11938Igbo calendar938 939Iranian calendar1316 1317Islamic calendar1356 1357Japanese calendarShōwa 13 昭和１３年 Javanese calendar1868 1869Juche calendar27Julian calendarGregorian minus 13 daysKorean calendar4271Minguo calendarROC 27民國27年Nanakshahi calendar470Thai solar calendar2480 2481Tibetan calendar阴火牛年 female Fire Ox 2064 or 1683 or 911 to 阳土虎年 male Earth Tiger 2065 or 1684 or 912Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1938 Contents 1 Events 1 1 January 1 2 February 1 3 March 1 4 April 1 5 May 1 6 June 1 7 July 1 8 August 1 9 September 1 10 October 1 11 November 1 12 December 1 13 Date unknown 2 Births 2 1 January February 2 2 March April 2 3 May June 2 4 July August 2 5 September October 2 6 November December 2 7 Date unknown 3 Deaths 3 1 January 3 2 February 3 3 March 3 4 April 3 5 May 3 6 June 3 7 July 3 8 August 3 9 September 3 10 October 3 11 November 3 12 December 4 Nobel Prizes 5 References 6 External linksEvents EditJanuary Edit Main article January 1938 January 20 King Farouk January 16 Benny Goodman in New York City January 1 State owned railway networks are created by merger in France SNCF and the Netherlands Nederlandse Spoorwegen NS 1 January 20 King Farouk of Egypt marries Safinaz Zulficar who becomes Queen Farida in Cairo 2 January 27 The Honeymoon Bridge at Niagara Falls New York collapses as a result of an ice jam 3 January 27 The Honeymoon Bridge Niagara collapses under ice February Edit Main article February 1938 February 4 Adolf Hitler abolishes the War Ministry and creates the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht High Command of the Armed Forces giving him direct control of the German military In addition he dismisses political and military leaders considered unsympathetic to his philosophy or policies General Werner von Fritsch is forced to resign as Commander of Chief of the German Army following accusations of homosexuality and replaced by General Walther von Brauchitsch Foreign Minister Baron Konstantin von Neurath is dismissed and replaced by Joachim von Ribbentrop Walt Disney s Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs the first cel animated feature in motion picture history is released in the United States following a premiere on December 21 of the previous year February 6 Black Sunday at Bondi Beach Sydney Australia 300 swimmers are dragged out to sea in 3 freak waves 80 lifesavers save all but 5 4 February 10 Carol II of Romania takes dictatorial powers Second Sino Japanese War Bombing of Chongqing begins February 12 Chancellor Kurt von Schuschnigg of Austria meets Adolf Hitler at Berchtesgaden and under threat of invasion is forced to yield to German demands for greater Nazi participation in the Austrian government February 22 The Battle of Teruel ends in a Nationalist victory with recapture of the city a turning point in the Spanish Civil War 5 February 24 A nylon bristle toothbrush becomes the first commercial product to be made with nylon yarn 6 March Edit Main article March 1938 March 4 Oil discovery in Saudi Arabia March 1 Lee Byung chul establishes a trucking business in Daegu Korea which he names Samsung Trading Co the forerunner to Samsung 7 March 3 The Santa Ana River in California United States spills over its banks during a rainy winter killing 58 people in Orange County and causing trouble as far inland as Palm Springs 8 Sir Nevile Henderson British Ambassador to Germany presents a proposal to Hitler for an international consortium to rule much of Africa in which Germany would be assigned a leading role in exchange for a German promise never to resort to war to change her frontiers Hitler rejects the British offer March 12 Anschluss German troops occupy Austria annexation is declared the following day March 14 French Premier Leon Blum reassures the Czechoslovak government that France will honor its treaty obligations to aid Czechoslovakia in the event of a German invasion March 17 Poland presents an ultimatum to Lithuania to establish normal diplomatic relations that were severed over the Vilnius Region March 27 Italian mathematician Ettore Majorana disappears suddenly under mysterious circumstances while travelling by ship from Palermo to Naples March 28 At a meeting with Hitler in Berlin Konrad Henlein is instructed to make increasing demands concerning the status of the Sudetenland but to avoid reaching an agreement with Czechoslovak authorities March 30 Italy s Duce Benito Mussolini is granted equal power over the Italian military to that of King Victor Emmanuel III as First Marshal of the Empire 9 April Edit Main article April 1938 April 10 Edouard Daladier becomes prime minister of France He appoints as Foreign Minister a leading advocate of the policy of appeasement Georges Bonnet effectively negating Blum s reassurances of March 14 In a result that astonishes even Hitler the Austrian electorate in a national referendum approves Anschluss by an overwhelming 99 73 April 16 The UK and Italy sign an agreement that sees Britain recognise Italian control of Ethiopia formally on November 16 in return for an Italian pledge to withdraw all its 10 000 troops from Spain at the conclusion of the civil war there April 18 Superman first appears in Action Comics 1 cover date June The date is established in court documents released during the legal battle over the rights to Superman on April 18 2018 DC Comics released Action Comics 1000 April 24 Konstantin Pats becomes the first President of Estonia May Edit Main article May 1938 May 5 The Vatican recognizes Francisco Franco s government in Spain General Ludwig Beck Chief of the German Army s General Staff submits a memorandum to Hitler opposing Fall Grun Case Green the plan for a war with Czechoslovakia under the grounds that Germany is ill prepared for the world war likely to result from such an attack May 12 U S Secretary of State Cordell Hull rejects the Soviet Union s offer of a joint defence pact to counter the rise of Nazi Germany May 14 Chile withdraws from the League of Nations May 19 May Crisis 1938 Czechoslovak intelligence receives reports of menacing German military concentrations it later appears the reports are false May 20 Czechoslovakia orders a partial mobilization of its armed forces along the German border May 21 Tsuyama massacre Matsuo Toi kills 30 people in a village in Okayama Japan in the world s worst spree killing by an individual until 1982 May 23 No evidence of German troop movements against Czechoslovakia is found and the May Crisis subsides Germany is nevertheless perceived to have backed down in the face of Czechoslovak mobilization and international diplomatic unity but the issue of the future of the Sudetenland is far from resolved May 25 Spanish Civil War Alicante is bombed by fascist rebels resulting in 313 deaths The Soviet ambassador to the United States A A Troyanovsky declares Moscow ready to defend Czechoslovakia May 28 In a conference at the Reich Chancellery Hitler declares his decision to destroy Czechoslovakia by military force and orders the immediate mobilization of 96 Wehrmacht divisions May 30 Hitler issues a revised directive for Fall Grun Case Green the invasion of Czechoslovakia to be carried out by October 1 1938 June Edit Main article June 1938 June 5 amp 7 The 1938 Yellow River flood is created by the Nationalist government in central China breaching embankments during the early stage of the Second Sino Japanese War in an attempt to halt the rapid advance of Japanese forces The flood kills at least 400 000 covers and destroys thousands of square kilometers of farmland and shifts the mouth of the Yellow River hundreds of kilometers to the south June 11 Fire destroys 214 buildings in Ludza Latvia June 15 Laszlo Biro patents the ballpoint pen in Britain June 19 Italy beats Hungary 4 2 to win the 1938 FIFA World Cup June 22 Heavyweight boxing champion Joe Louis knocks out Max Schmeling in the first round of their rematch at Yankee Stadium in New York City 10 June 25 Dr Douglas Hyde takes office as the first President of Ireland 11 July Edit Main article July 1938 July The Mauthausen concentration camp is built in Austria July 1 The South African Press Association is established with offices in Cape Town Johannesburg Durban Bloemfontein and Pretoria July 3 The steam locomotive Mallard sets the world speed record for steam by reaching 125 88 mph on the London and North Eastern Railway The last reunion of the Blue and Gray commemorates the 75th anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg in Gettysburg Pennsylvania July 5 The Non Intervention Committee reaches an agreement to withdraw all foreign volunteers from the Spanish Civil War The agreement is respected by most Republican International Brigades notably those from England and the United States but is ignored by the governments of Germany and Italy July 6 The Evian Conference on Refugees is convened in France No country in Europe is prepared to accept Jews fleeing persecution and the United States will take only 27 370 July 14 Howard Hughes sets a new record by completing a 91 hour airplane flight around the world July 18 Wrong Way Corrigan takes off from New York ostensibly heading for California He lands in Ireland instead July 22 Britain rejects a proposal from its ambassador in Berlin Nevile Henderson for a four power summit on Czechoslovakia consisting of Britain France Germany and the U S S R as London will under no circumstances accept the U S S R as a diplomatic partner July 24 The north face of the Eiger in the Alps is first ascended July 28 1938 Greek coup d etat attempt A revolt against the Ioannis Metaxas dictatorship in Greece is put down in Chania Pan Am flying boat Hawaii Clipper disappears with 6 passengers and 9 crew members en route from Guam to Manila August Edit Main article August 1938 August In the face of overwhelming Japanese military pressure Chiang Kai shek withdraws his government to Chungking August 10 At a secret summit with his leading generals Hitler attacks General Beck s arguments against Fall Grun winning the majority of his senior officers over to his point of view August 18 Colonel General Ludwig Beck convinced that Hitler s decision to attack Czechoslovakia will lead to a general European war resigns his position as Chief of the Army General Staff in protest August 23 Hitler hosting a dinner on board the ocean liner Patria in Kiel Bay tells the Regent of Hungary Admiral Horthy that action against Czechoslovakia is imminent and that he who wants to sit at the table must at least help in the kitchen a reference to Horthy s designs on Carpathian Ruthenia September Edit Main article September 1938 September The European crisis over German demands for annexation of the Sudeten borderland of Czechoslovakia becomes increasingly severe September 5 Czechoslovakian President Edvard Benes invites mid level representatives of the Sudeten Germans Hradcany Palace to tell them he will accept whatever demands they care to make provided the Sudetenland remains part of the Republic of Czechoslovakia September 6 What eventually proves to be the last of the Nuremberg Rallies begins It draws worldwide attention because it is widely assumed that Hitler in his closing remarks will signal whether there will be peace with or war over Czechoslovakia September 7 The Times publishes a lead article which calls on Czechoslovakia to cede the Sudetenland to Germany September 10 Hermann Goring in a speech at Nuremberg calls the Czechs a miserable pygmy race who are harassing the human race That same evening Edvard Benes President of Czechoslovakia makes a broadcast in which he appeals for calm September 12 Hitler makes his much anticipated closing address at Nuremberg in which he vehemently attacks the Czech people and President Benes American news commentator Hans von Kaltenborn begins his famous marathon of broadcast bulletins over the CBS Radio Network with a summation of Hitler s address September 13 The followers of Konrad Henlein begin an armed revolt against the Czechoslovak government in Sudetenland Martial law is declared and after much bloodshed on both sides order is temporarily restored Neville Chamberlain personally sends a telegram to Hitler urgently requesting that they both meet September 15 Neville Chamberlain arrives in Berchtesgaden to begin negotiations with Hitler over the Sudetenland September 16 Lord Runciman is recalled to London from Prague in order to brief the British government on the situation in the Sudetenland September 17 Neville Chamberlain returns temporarily to London to confer with his cabinet The U S S R Red Army masses along the Ukrainian frontier Rumania agrees to allow Soviet soldiers free passage across her territory to defend Czechoslovakia September 18 During a meeting between Neville Chamberlain the recently elected Premier of France Edouard Daladier and Daladier s Foreign Minister Georges Bonnet it becomes apparent that neither the British nor the French governments are prepared to go to war over the Sudetenland The Soviet Union declares it will come to the defence of Czechoslovakia only if France honours her commitment to defend Czechoslovak independence Mussolini makes a speech in Trieste Italy where he indicates that Italy is supporting Germany in the Sudeten crisis September 21 In the early hours of the day representatives of the French and British governments call on Czechoslovak President Edvard Benes to tell him France and Britain will not fight Hitler if he decides to annex the Sudetenland by force Late in the afternoon the Czechoslovak government capitulates to the French and British demands Winston Churchill warns of grave consequences to European security if Czechoslovakia is partitioned The same day Soviet Foreign Commissar Maxim Litvinov makes a similar statement in the League of Nations Following the capitulation of the Czech government to Germany s demands both Poland and Hungary demand slices of Czech territory where their nationals reside The 1938 New England hurricane in the United States strikes Long Island and southern New England killing over 300 along the Rhode Island shoreline and 600 altogether September 22 Unable to survive the previous day s capitulation to the demands of the English and French governments Czechoslovak premier Milan Hodza resigns General Jan Syrovy takes his place Neville Chamberlain arrives in the city of Bad Godesberg for another round of talks with Hitler over the Sudetenland crisis Hitler raises his demands to include occupation of all German Sudeten territories by October 1 That night after a telephone conference Chamberlain reverses himself and advises the Czechoslovaks to mobilize 12 September 23 The Czechoslovak army mobilizes 13 As the Polish army masses along the Czech border the Soviet Union warns Poland that if it crosses the Czech frontier Russia will regard the 1932 non aggression pact between the two countries as void September 24 Sir Eric Phipps British Ambassador to France reports to London all that is best in France is against war almost at any price being opposed only by a small but noisy and corrupt war group Phipps s report creates major doubts about the ability and or willingness of France to go to war 14 At 1 30 AM Adolf Hitler and Neville Chamberlain conclude their talks on the Sudetenland Chamberlain agrees to take Hitler s demands codified in the Godesberg Memorandum personally to the Czech Government The Czech Government rejects the demands as does Chamberlain s own cabinet The French Government also initially rejects the terms and orders a partial mobilization of the French army September 25 British Royal Navy is ordered to sea 15 September 26 In a vitriolic speech at Berlin s Sportpalast Hitler defies the world and implies war with Czechoslovakia will begin at any time September 28 As his self imposed October 1 deadline for occupation of the Sudetenland approaches Adolf Hitler invites Italian Duce Benito Mussolini French Premier Edourd Deladier and British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain to one last conference in Munich The Czechs themselves are not invited September 29 Colonel Graham Christie former British military attache in Berlin is told by Carl Friedrich Goerdeler that the mobilization of the Royal Navy has badly damaged the popularity of the Nazi regime as the German public realizes that Fall Grun is likely to cause a world war Munich Agreement German Italian British and French leaders agree to German demands regarding annexation of the Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia The Czechoslovak government is largely excluded from the negotiations and is not a signatory to the agreement The Republic of Hatay is declared in Syria September 30 Neville Chamberlain returns to Britain from meeting with Adolf Hitler and declares Peace for our time October Edit Main article October 1938 October The Imperial Japanese Army largely overruns Canton October 1 German troops march into the Sudetenland The Polish government gives the Czech government an ultimatum stating that Zaolzie region must be handed over within twenty four hours The Czechs have little choice but to comply Polish forces occupy Zaolzie October 2 Tiberias massacre Arab raiders murder 19 Jewish immigrants Disgusted with Neville Chamberlain s conduct at Munich Duff Cooper resigns his post as First Lord of the Admiralty With his resignation formal debate begins in the Parliament of the United Kingdom on the Munich Agreement but with Chamberlain at the peak of his popularity there can be little doubt His Majesty s Government will receive a vote of confidence October 4 The Republican forces in the Spanish Civil War begin withdrawing their foreign volunteers from combat as agreed on July 5 October 5 Edvard Benes president of Czechoslovakia resigns Nuremberg Laws In Nazi Germany Jews passports are invalidated and those who need a passport for emigration purposes are given one marked with the letter J Jude Jew 16 October 16 Winston Churchill in a broadcast address to the United States condemns the Munich Agreement as a defeat and calls upon America and western Europe to prepare for armed resistance against Hitler October 18 The German government expels 12 000 Polish Jews living in Germany the Polish government accepts 4 000 and refuses admittance to the remaining 8 000 who are forced to live in the no man s land on the German Polish frontier October 21 In direct contravention of the recently signed Munich Agreement Adolf Hitler circulates among his high command a secret memorandum stating that they should prepare for the liquidation of the rest of Czechoslovakia and the occupation of Memel October 24 French Foreign Minister Georges Bonnet carries out a major purge of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs dismissing or exiling a number of anti appeasement officials such as Pierre Comert and Rene Massigli At a friendly luncheon in Berchtesgaden German foreign minister Joachim von Ribbentrop tells Jozef Lipski the Polish ambassador to Germany that the Free City of Danzig must return to Germany that the Germans must be given extraterritorial rights in the Polish Corridor and that Poland must sign the Anti Comintern Pact October 27 DuPont announces a name for its new synthetic yarn nylon November Edit Main article November 1938 November 9 10 Night of Broken Glass November 2 Arising from The Munich Agreement Hungary is awarded the Felvidek region of South Slovakia and Ruthenia November 7 Ernst vom Rath the Third Secretary at the German Embassy in Paris is assassinated by Herschel Grynszpan November 9 Holocaust Kristallnacht In Germany the night of broken glass begins as Nazi activists and sympathizers loot and burn Jewish businesses the all night affair sees 7 500 Jewish businesses destroyed 267 synagogues burned 91 Jews killed and at least 25 000 Jewish men arrested 17 November 10 Ismet Inonu becomes the second president of Turkey November 11 Celal Bayar forms the new government of Turkey 10th government Celal Bayar had served twice as a prime minister November 12 French Finance Minister Paul Reynaud brings into effect a series of laws aiming at improving French productivity thus aiming to undo the economic weaknesses which led to Munich and undoes most of the economic and social laws of the Popular Front November 16 LSD is first synthesized by Albert Hofmann from ergotamine at the Sandoz Laboratories in Basel 18 November 18 Trade union members elect John L Lewis as the first president of the Congress of Industrial Organizations in the United States November 25 French Foreign Minister Georges Bonnet informs Leon Noel the French Ambassador to Poland that France should find an excuse for terminating the 1921 Franco Polish alliance November 30 The Czechoslovak parliament elects Emil Hacha as the new president of Czechoslovakia Benito Mussolini and his Foreign Minister Count Galeazzo Ciano order spontaneous demonstrations in the Italian Chamber of Deputies demanding that France cede Tunisia Nice Corsica and French Somaliland to Italy This begins an acute crisis in Franco Italian relations that lasts until March 1939 Corneliu Zelea Codreanu leader of the Romanian fascist Iron Guard is murdered on the orders of King Carol II of Romania Officially Codreanu and the 13 other Iron Guard leaders are shot while trying to escape A general strike is called in France by the French Communist Party to protest the laws of November 12 December Edit Main article December 1938 December President Roosevelt agrees to loan 25 million to Chiang Kai shek cementing the Sino American relationship and angering the Japanese government Adolf Hitler is Time magazine s Man of the Year as the most influential person of the year December 1 Slovakia is granted the status of an autonomous state under Catholic priest Fr Joseph Tiso December 6 German Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop visits Paris where he is allegedly informed by French Foreign Minister Georges Bonnet that France now recognizes all of Eastern Europe as being in Germany s exclusive sphere of influence Bonnet s alleged statement he subsequently always denies making the remark to Ribbentrop is a major factor in German policy in 1939 December 11 Kingdom of Yugoslavia parliamentary election The opposition gains votes but not seats December 13 The Neuengamme concentration camp opens near Hamburg December 15 The Netherlands closes its border to refugees December 17 Otto Hahn discovers the nuclear fission of uranium the scientific and technological basis of nuclear power which marks the beginning of the Atomic Age December 23 A coelacanth a fish thought to have been extinct is caught off the coast of South Africa near the Chalumna River December 24 Leading Korean dancer Choi Seung hee arrives in Le Havre France after her tour in the United States This is to begin her European tour in France Belgium Switzerland Italy Germany and the Netherlands 19 She is the first Korean Wave entertainer December 27 A massive avalanche of snow hits a construction worker dormitory site in Kurobe Japan killing 87 people Date unknown Edit Majlis Khuddam ul Ahmadiyya is established by Khalifat ul Masih II Mirza Basheer ud Din Mahmood Ahmad the second Caliph of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community The Walther P38 pistol design is agreed to by the German military The last Schomburgk s deer in the wild is said to have been killed 20 Herbert E Ives and G R Stilwell execute the Ives Stilwell experiment showing that ions radiate at frequencies affected by their motion 21 Births EditBirthsJanuary February March April May June July August September October November December January February Edit King Juan Carlos I of Spain Etta James Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands Istvan Szabo January 1 Frank Langella American actor Fuad Masum 9th President of Iraq January 2 Goh Kun Korean politician Mayor of Seoul and 31st Prime Minister of the Republic of Korea South Korea Bohumil Nemecek Czechoslovakian Olympic boxer d 2010 22 January 4 Mohamed Rahmat Tok Mat Malaysian politician d 2010 23 January 5 King Juan Carlos I of Spain 24 Ngũgĩ wa Thiong o Kenyan writer January 7 Roland Topor French illustrator d 1997 25 January 10 Donald Knuth American mathematician and computer scientist 26 January 13 Shivkumar Sharma Indian musician January 14 Morihiro Hosokawa Japanese politician 50th Prime Minister of Japan 27 Jack Jones American singer 28 Allen Toussaint American musician composer d 2015 29 January 23 Georg Baselitz German painter sculptor January 25 Etta James African American singer d 2012 Shotaro Ishinomori Japanese manga artist father of Henshin Heroes d 1998 Vladimir Vysotsky Russian singer songwriter poet and actor d 1980 January 28 Tomas Lindahl Swedish biochemist recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry January 29 Shuji Tsurumi Japanese men s artistic gymnast January 30 Islam Karimov President of Uzbekistan d 2016 January 31 Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands February 1 Sherman Hemsley African American comedian and actor d 2012 30 February 2 Pilar Pellicer Mexican actress d 2020 31 February 3 Emile Griffith American welterweight boxer d 2013 February 11 Mohammed Gammoudi Tunisian Olympic athlete 32 February 12 Judy Blume American author February 13 Oliver Reed English actor d 1999 February 18 Istvan Szabo Hungarian film director February 24 James Farentino American actor d 2012 Phil Knight American sportswear entrepreneur 33 February 25 Herb Elliott Australian runner February 27 Pascale Petit French actressMarch April Edit Ricardo Lagos Escobar Alpha Conde Kofi Annan Claudia Cardinale March 1 Tufuga Efi Samoa political figure 3rd Prime Minister of Samoa and O le Ao o le Malo of Samoa March 2 Ricardo Lagos Escobar President of Chile March 4 Alpha Conde 4th President of Guinea 34 Paula Prentiss American actress March 5 Fred Williamson American football player and actor 35 March 7 David Baltimore American biologist recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine March 12 Dumitru Fărcaș Romanian tarogato player d 2018 March 14 Arpad Orban Hungarian footballer d 2008 36 37 March 17 Rudolf Nureyev Russian born dancer choreographer d 1993 Keith O Brien Roman Catholic prelate Archbishop of Edinburgh d 2018 March 18 Timo Makinen Finnish racing driver d 2017 Shashi Kapoor Indian actor director and producer d 2017 38 March 21 Luigi Tenco Italian singer songwriter d 1967 March 24 David Irving English author and Holocaust denier March 25 Hoyt Axton American country music singer songwriter and actor d 1999 March 26 Anthony James Leggett American physicist Nobel Prize laureate March 30 Klaus Schwab German economist founder of the World Economic Forum March 31 Sheila Dikshit Indian politician d 2019 April 7 Freddie Hubbard American jazz trumpeter d 2008 April 8 Kofi Annan Ghanaian Secretary General of the United Nations recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize d 2018 April 10 Viktor Chernomyrdin Russian politician d 2010 April 11 Kurt Moll German bass d 2017 April 15 Claudia Cardinale Tunisian born Italian actress April 16 Kasdi Merbah Algerian politician 4th Prime Minister of Algeria d 1993 April 20 Betty Cuthbert Australian track athlete d 2017 39 April 22 Issey Miyake Japanese fashion designer 40 d 2022 April 26 Giovanni Benvenuti Italian Olympic boxer 41 Duane Eddy American rock guitarist 42 April 28 Madge Sinclair Jamaican American actress d 1995 43 April 29 Bernard Madoff American financial fraudster d 2021 April 30 Larry Niven American authorMay June Edit King Moshoeshoe II Giuliano Amato Princess Desiree May 2 King Moshoeshoe II of Lesotho d 1996 May 13 Giuliano Amato 48th Prime Minister of Italy May 16 Marco Aurelio Denegri Peruvian literature critic television host and sexologist d 2018 44 May 19 Girish Karnad Indian actor screenwriter and playwright d 2019 45 May 22 Susan Strasberg American actress d 1999 May 24 Prince Buster Jamaican singer songwriter d 2016 May 26 William Bolcom American composer and arranger Teresa Stratas Canadian operatic soprano 46 May 28 Jerry West American basketball player and executive 47 June 2 Princess Desiree Baroness Silfverschiold Princess of Sweden June 5 Karin Balzer German athlete d 2019 48 June 10 Abdul Aziz Shamsuddin Malaysian politician d 2020 June 24 Abulfaz Elchibey Azerbaijani political figure 2nd President of Azerbaijan d 2000 June 26 Maria Velho da Costa Portuguese writer June 30 Billy Mills American Olympic athlete 49 July August Edit Diana Rigg Natalie Wood Leonid Kuchma Kenny Rogers Paul Martin July 1 Hariprasad Chaurasia Indian classical flutist July 3 Bolo Yeung Hong Kong actor Sjaak Swart Dutch footballer 50 July 4 Bill Withers African American singer songwriter d 2020 July 7 Ponatshego Kedikilwe Botswana politician July 9 Brian Dennehy American actor d 2020 July 15 Enrique Figuerola Cuban sprinter 51 July 18 Paul Verhoeven Dutch film director 52 July 19 Jayant Narlikar Indian astrophysicist July 20 Diana Rigg English actress d 2020 53 Natalie Wood American actress d 1981 54 July 21 Janet Reno American lawyer U S Attorney General under Bill Clinton d 2016 55 July 22 Terence Stamp English actor July 27 Gary Gygax American author game designer d 2008 July 28 Luis Aragones Spanish football player manager d 2014 Alberto Fujimori President of Peru Chuan Leekpai Thai politician 20th Prime Minister of Thailand July 29 Peter Jennings Canadian American journalist d 2005 56 August 1 Edward Sokoine 2nd Prime Minister of Tanzania d 1984 August 3 Sir Terry Wogan Irish radio broadcaster television presenter personality d 2016 57 August 4 Jean Nguza Karl i Bond Zairian politician d 2003 August 8 Otto Rehhagel German football player manager Connie Stevens American actress singer and businesswoman August 9 Michele Girardon French actress d 1975 Leonid Kuchma President of Ukraine Rod Laver Australian tennis player 58 August 14 Bennie Muller Dutch footballer 59 August 15 Stephen Breyer former Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States 60 August 16 Emmanuel Rakotovahiny 8th Prime Minister of Madagascar d 2020 August 19 Valentin Mankin Ukrainian Soviet sailor Olympic triple champion and silver medalist d 2014 Diana Muldaur American actress August 20 Jacqueline Andere Mexican actress 61 Alain Vivien French politician August 21 Kenny Rogers American country singer d 2020 August 24 Halldor Blondal Icelandic politician August 28 Paul Martin 21st Prime Minister of Canada August 29 Elliott Gould American actorSeptember October Edit Wim Kok Farah Diba Christopher Lloyd September 1 Alan Dershowitz American lawyer and academic September 2 Giuliano Gemma Italian actor d 2013 62 September 3 Ryōji Noyori Japanese chemist Nobel laureate September 6 Dennis Oppenheim American artist d 2011 63 September 10 Tomasi Puapua Tuvaluan politician 2nd Prime Minister of Tuvalu and 6th Governor General of Tuvalu September 23 Romy Schneider German French actress d 1982 64 September 25 Celestino Rocha da Costa 2nd Prime Minister of Sao Tome and Principe d 2010 Jonathan Motzfeldt Prime Minister of Greenland d 2010 65 September 28 Ben E King American singer songwriter d 2015 September 29 Wim Kok Dutch politician 48th Prime Minister of the Netherlands from 1994 until 2002 d 2018 66 October 1 Stella Stevens American actress and model October 3 Eddie Cochran American rock and roll singer d 1960 67 Pedro Pablo Kuczynski Peruvian entrepreneur and politician 66th President of Peru October 4 Kurt Wuthrich Swiss chemist Nobel Prize laureate October 8 Bronislovas Lubys 5th Prime Minister of Lithuania d 2011 October 14 Farah Diba Empress of Iran October 15 Fela Kuti Nigerian musician activist d 1997 October 16 Nico German American singer d 1988 October 17 Evel Knievel American motorcycle daredevil d 2007 68 October 18 Dawn Wells American actress d 2020 69 October 22 Derek Jacobi English actor and director 70 Christopher Lloyd American actor 71 October 29 Ralph Bakshi Israeli cartoonist film director and video producer Ellen Johnson Sirleaf 24th President of Liberia 72 October 30 Ed Lauter American actor d 2013 November December Edit Queen Sofia of Spain Benjamin Mkapa Ted Turner Jon Voight November 2 Pat Buchanan American conservative political operative journalist pundit and one time presidential candidate 73 Queen Sofia of Spain November 5 Joe Dassin French singer d 1980 74 Ionatana Ionatana 5th Prime Minister of Tuvalu d 2000 Cesar Luis Menotti Argentine football coach November 8 Satch Sanders American basketball player 75 November 12 Benjamin Mkapa 3rd President of Tanzania d 2020 November 13 Jean Seberg American actress d 1979 November 16 Robert Nozick American philosopher d 2002 76 November 17 Gordon Lightfoot Canadian folk singer November 18 Ahmad Obeidat Prime Minister of Jordan Norbert Ratsirahonana 9th Prime Minister of Madagascar November 19 Ted Turner American entrepreneur 77 November 20 Dick Smothers American actor and comedian November 21 Helen Indian actress and dancer November 24 Oscar Robertson African American basketball player November 26 Porter Goss American politician Central Intelligence Agency director December 5 J J Cale American singer songwriter guitarist d 2013 December 8 John Kofi Agyekum Kufuor President of Ghana December 13 Heino German singer December 15 Juan Carlos Wasmosy 48th President of Paraguay December 16 Liv Ullmann Norwegian actress 78 December 17 Peter Snell New Zealand athlete d 2019 79 December 23 Bob Kahn American Internet pioneer December 28 Lagumot Harris Nauruan politician President d 1999 December 29 Jon Voight American actor 80 Date unknown Edit Sidi Ould Cheikh Abdallahi President of Mauritania d 2020 Tafazzul Haque Habiganji Bangladeshi Islamic scholar and politician d 2020 81 Deaths EditJanuary Edit Prince Nicholas of Greece and Denmark Andreas Michalakopoulos January 2 Henry Victor Deligny French general b 1855 January 3 Arturo Berutti Argentinian composer b 1862 January 4 Paola Drigo Italian novelist b 1876 January 5 Karel Baxa Czechoslovakian politician b 1863 January 8 Christian Rohlfs German painter b 1849 January 9 Johnny Gruelle American cartoonist and children s book author b 1880 82 January 11 Isidore Konti Austrian born Hungarian sculptor b 1862 January 17 Vladimir Beneshevich Soviet scholar martyr executed b 1874 January 20 Emile Cohl French caricaturist animator b 1857 Liu Xiang Chinese general b 1890 January 21 Georges Melies French film director b 1861 January 22 Sergei Buturlin Soviet ornithologist b 1872 January 26 Zitkala Sa Native American writer activist musician translator and editor b 1876 83 January 23 J P Dahlen Swedish worker politician b 1881 January 28 Bernd Rosemeyer German racing driver b 1909 January 29 Armando Palacio Valdes Spanish writer b 1853 January 31 Marcella Cosgrave Irish nationalist leader b 1873 February Edit Edmund Landau February 6 George Auriol French poet b 1863 February 7 Harvey Firestone American tire manufacturer b 1868 February 8 Prince Nicholas of Greece and Denmark b 1872 February 9 Arturo Caprotti Italian engineer architect b 1881 February 11 Kazimierz Twardowski Polish philosopher logician b 1866 February 16 Hal De Forrest Portuguese born American actor b 1862 February 18 Leopoldo Lugones Argentine writer journalist b 1874 February 19 Edmund Landau German mathematician b 1877 February 21 Matvei Petrovich Bronstein Soviet physicist executed b 1906 March Edit Cevat Cobanli Lidia Charskaya Lakshminath Bezbaroa March 1 Gabriele D Annunzio Italian writer war hero and politician b 1863 March 2 William Blomfield New Zealand cartoonist b 1866 March 7 Andreas Michalakopoulos Greek politician 47th Prime Minister of Greece b 1876 March 10 Ahn Changho Korean independence activist b 1878 March 12 Lyda Roberti Polish actress b 1906 March 13 Cevat Cobanli Ottoman military commander Turkish army officer b 1870 Clarence Darrow American attorney b 1857 84 March 14 Wang Mingzhang Chinese general of the National Revolutionary Army b 1893 March 15 Alexei Rykov Premier of Russia and Premier of the Soviet Union executed b 1881 Nikolai Bukharin Soviet politician executed b 1888 Genrikh Yagoda Soviet police and intelligence official executed b 1891 March 18 Lidia Charskaya Soviet actress writer b 1875 March 19 Magzhan Zhumabayev Soviet writer pedagogue b 1893 March 20 Martin Burrell Canadian politician b 1858 Aleksandar Malinov 17th Prime Minister of Bulgaria b 1867 March 26 Lakshminath Bezbaroa Indian writer dramatist novelist poet and editor b 1864 March 27 William Stern German psychologist philosopher b 1871 Helen M Winslow American editor author and publisher b 1851 85 March 28 Zheng Xiaoxu Chinese statesman diplomat and calligrapher first Prime Minister of Manchukuo b 1860 March 29 Marcel Bloch Swiss aviator b 1890 April Edit Patriarch Khoren I of Armenia Cesar Vallejo April 1 Louis Henri Foreau French painter b 1866 April 6 Khoren I of Armenia Catholicos of the Armenian Apostolic Church and patriarch b 1873 April 8 King Oliver American jazz musician b 1885 April 9 Manuel Carrasco Formiguera Spanish lawyer politician b 1890 April 12 Feodor Chaliapin Soviet bass b 1873 April 14 Gillis Grafstrom Swedish figure skater b 1893 86 April 15 Cesar Vallejo Peruvian poet b 1892 April 16 Steve Bloomer English footballer b 1874 April 17 Viktor Graf von Scheuchenstuel Austro Hungarian general b 1857 April 21 Sultan Majid Afandiyev Soviet revolutionary statesman b 1887 Sir Muhammad Iqbal Indian philosopher poet b 1877 April 25 Aleksander Swietochowski Polish writer b 1849 April 27 Edmund Husserl Austrian philosopher b 1859 87 May Edit Carl von Ossietzky Cao Kun May 4 Carl von Ossietzky German pacifist recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize b 1889 May 6 Victor Cavendish 9th Duke of Devonshire British politician and Governor General of Canada b 1868 May 7 Octavian Goga 37th Prime Minister of Romania b 1881 May 9 Thomas B Thrige Danish industrialist b 1866 May 10 Benjamin Abrahao Botto Brazilian photographer b 1890 Cary D Landis American attorney and politician b 1873 May 13 Charles Edouard Guillaume French physicist Nobel Prize laureate b 1861 May 14 Miguel Cabanellas Spanish army officer b 1872 May 15 Cao Kun 6th President of the Republic of China b 1862 May 16 Lewis Bayly British admiral b 1857 88 Ivan Mrkvicka Czechoslovakian born Bulgarian painter b 1856 May 18 Mikhail Babushkin Soviet polar aviator b 1893 May 22 William Glackens American painter b 1870 May 25 Rafael Colliander Finnish journalist politician b 1870 May 26 John Jacob Abel American pharmacologist b 1857 May 29 Miguel Fleta Spanish tenor b 1897 June Edit Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Edith Anne Stoney Maria Obligado de Soto y Calvo June 3 Tulio Febres Cordero Venezuelan writer journalist b 1860 June 4 Oscar Bystrom Swedish actor b 1857 June 7 Jeno Dsida Hungarian poet translator b 1907 June 15 Ernst Ludwig Kirchner German painter b 1880 June 19 Maria Obligado de Soto y Calvo Argentinian painter b 1857 June 21 Mathilde Comont French born American actress b 1886 June 25 Edith Anne Stoney Irish physicist b 1869 June 26 James Weldon Johnson American author politician and diplomat b 1871 89 June 29 Shlomo Ben Yosef Israeli Zionist leader b 1913 July Edit Queen Marie of Romania Franz I Prince of Liechtenstein July 1 Carrie Daumery Dutch born American actress b 1863 July 2 Sir John James Burnet British architect b 1857 July 4 Otto Bauer Austrian Social Democratic politician b 1881 Suzanne Lenglen French tennis champion b 1899 90 July 9 Benjamin N Cardozo United States Supreme Court Justice b 1870 July 10 Arthur Barclay 15th president of Liberia b 1854 91 July 14 Abel Adams Finnish producer b 1879 July 17 Robert Wiene German director b 1873 July 18 Queen Marie of Romania b 1875 July 20 George Martley Davis Australian politician b 1860 July 24 Pedro Figari Uruguayan painter writer and politician b 1861 July 25 Franz I Prince of Liechtenstein b 1853 Kōsaku Hamada Japanese academic archaeologist and author b 1881 July 27 Tom Crean Irish seaman Antarctic explorer b 1877 July 28 Yakov Alksnis Soviet aviator commander of Red Army Air Forces executed b 1897 Yakov Davydov Soviet general executed b 1888 July 29 Nikolai Krylenko Russian Bolshevik and Soviet politician executed b 1885 August Edit Robert Johnson August 2 Edmund Dunggan Irish born Australian actor b 1862 August 4 Pearl White American actress b 1889 August 6 Warner Oland Swedish born American actor b 1879 92 August 7 Konstantin Stanislavsky Soviet theatre practitioner b 1863 93 August 9 Leo Frobenius German ethnologist archaeologist and Africanist b 1873 August 14 Hugh Trumble Australian test cricketer b 1876 August 16 Robert Johnson American blues singer b 1911 August 21 Tomasz Dabal Polish activist b 1890 August 23 Carlos Echandi Costa Rican surgeon b 1900 Frank Hawks American aviator b 1897 August 26 Teodor Axentowicz Polish born Soviet painter b 1859 August 29 Bela Kun Hungarian Communist leader b 1886 September Edit Blessed Maria Teresa of St Joseph Aurelio Giorni Silouan the Athonite Paul Olaf Bodding September 1 Nikolai Bryukhanov Soviet statesman political figure and People s Commissar of Finances b 1878 September 3 Gustav Adolf Closs German illustrator painter b 1864 September 5 Gheorghe Mărdărescu Romanian general and politician b 1866 September 6 Alfonso de Borbon y Battenberg Prince of Asturias former heir apparent to the throne of Spain b 1907 September 8 Cecilio Apostol Filipino poet laurate b 1877 September 12 Prince Arthur of Connaught b 1883 September 15 Yannoulis Chalepas Greek sculptor b 1851 Thomas Wolfe American author b 1900 September 16 Herman Baltia Belgian general b 1863 Valerie Bergere French born American actress b 1867 September 17 Bruno Jasienski Polish poet b 1901 September 19 Pauline Frederick American actress b 1883 September 20 Maria Teresa of St Joseph German Roman Catholic religious professed and blessed b 1855 September 21 Ivana Brlic Mazuranic Yugoslav writer b 1874 September 23 Philbert Maurice d Ocagne French engineer mathematician b 1862 Aurelio Giorni Italian composer pianist b 1895 September 24 Silouan the Athonite Soviet Orthodox priest and saint b 1866 September 25 Paul Olaf Bodding Norwegian missionary to India creator of the Santali Latin alphabet b 1865 September 30 Tang Shaoyi First Premier of the Republic of China b 1862 October Edit Alexandru Averescu Jose Luis Tejada Sorzano Saint Faustina Kowalska Ernst Barlach October 2 Alexandru Averescu Romanian general politician and 24th Prime Minister of Romania b 1859 October 4 Jose Luis Tejada Sorzano Bolivian lawyer politician and 34th President of Bolivia b 1882 October 5 Faustina Kowalska Polish nun and saint the Secretary of Divine Mercy b 1905 Albert Ranft Swedish theatre director actor b 1858 October 12 Kirill Vladimirovich Grand Duke of Russia b 1876 October 13 E C Segar American comics artist Popeye b 1894 94 October 14 Charles Dalmas French architect b 1863 October 17 Eshref Frasheri Albanian politician b 1874 Karl Kautsky Austrian Marxist theoretician b 1854 October 19 Nino Fidencio Mexican Roman Catholic priest and saint b 1898 95 Prince Fushimi Hiroyoshi of Japan b 1897 October 22 Chrysostomos I of Athens Greek priest metropolitan b 1868 May Irwin Canadian actress singer b 1862 October 24 Ernst Barlach German sculptor and poet b 1870 October 25 Raoul Bensaude French physician b 1866 Alfonsina Storni Argentine poet b 1892 October 27 Lascelles Abercrombie English poet and critic b 1881 96 Alma Gluck American soprano b 1884 October 28 Ramon Franco Spanish aviation pioneer b 1896 Fred Kohler American actor b 1888 October 30 Robert Woolsey American film comedian b 1888 October 31 Sakari Ainali Finnish farmer businessman and politician b 1874 Jean Degoutte French general leader of World War I b 1866 November Edit Mustafa Kemal Ataturk Kaarlo Castren November 4 Jiang Baili Chinese general of the National Revolutionary Army b 1882 citation needed November 7 Prince Georgy Konstantinovich of Russia b 1903 November 9 Vasily Blyukher Soviet military commander Marshal of the Soviet Union b 1889 Ernst vom Rath German diplomat b 1909 November 10 Mustafa Kemal Ataturk 1st Prime Minister of Turkey 1st President of Turkey b c 1881 November 11 Mary Mallon Typhoid Mary first known in the United States asymptomatic carrier of the pathogen associated with typhoid fever b 1869 97 November 14 William Lygon 7th Earl Beauchamp British politician and colonial governor b 1872 November 19 Kaarlo Castren Finnish politician 4th Prime Minister of Finland b 1860 November 20 Arthur Elliott South African photographer b 1870 Maud of Wales Queen of Haakon VII of Norway b 1869 November 22 Sahachiro Hata Japanese bacteriologist b 1873 November 25 Otto von Lossow Bavarian German general b 1868 November 30 Corneliu Zelea Codreanu Romanian fascist politician leader of the Iron Guard executed along other Guard activists b 1899 December Edit Annie Armstrong December 3 Juho Vennola 5th Prime Minister of Finland b 1872 December 4 Gonzalo Bilbao Spanish painter b 1860 December 7 Anna Marie Hahn German born American serial killer b 1907 December 10 Paul Morgan Austrian actor b 1886 December 11 Christian Lous Lange Norwegian pacifist Nobel Peace Prize recipient b 1869 December 14 Maurice Emmanuel French composer b 1862 December 15 Antonio Rafael Barcelo Puerto Rican lawyer businessman and politician b 1868 Valery Chkalov Soviet test pilot b 1904 98 December 20 Annie Armstrong American missionary leader b 1850 December 24 Bruno Taut German architect urban planner b 1880 December 25 Karel Capek Czech author b 1890 Theodor Fischer German architect b 1862 December 27 Calvin Bridges American scientist b 1889 Osip Mandelstam Soviet poet b 1891 99 Emile Vandervelde Belgian Socialist politician b 1866 December 28 Florence Lawrence Canadian actress b 1886 December 29 Eugenia de Reuss Ianculescu Romanian teacher writer and activist b 1866 Nobel Prizes Edit Physics Enrico Fermi Chemistry Richard Kuhn Physiology or Medicine Corneille Jean Francois Heymans Literature Pearl S Buck Peace Nansen International Office for Refugees GenevaReferences Edit Nederlandse Spoorwegen 2011 06 12 Retrieved 2011 12 27 Murat Bardakci 2017 Neslishah The Last Ottoman Princess Oxford University Press p 158 ISBN 978 977 416 837 6 Fall Of The Honeymoon Bridge PDF niagarafallsmuseums ca Retrieved August 13 2020 Bondi s Black Sunday PDF Archived from the original PDF on 27 September 2011 113 KB Waverley Library Local History Retrieved 27 September 2010 Francisco J Romero Salvado 9 September 2005 The Spanish Civil War Origins Course and Outcomes Macmillan International Higher Education p 150 ISBN 978 0 230 20305 1 Gorton Carruth 1993 The Encyclopedia of World Facts and Dates HarperCollins p 687 ISBN 978 0 06 270012 4 Woo Jaeyeon 22 July 2011 Memorializing the Company Founder With Ads 3 D and Holograms WSJ Archived from the original on 4 March 2016 subscription required Daily Pilot Serving Newport Beach amp Costa Mesa California Archived from the original on July 8 2011 Retrieved 2009 05 18 Dante L Germino 1959 The Italian Fascist Party in Power A Study in Totalitarian Rule U of Minnesota Press p 158 ISBN 978 0 8166 6034 6 David Lee Poremba 18 February 1999 Detroit City of Champions Arcadia Publishing p 25 ISBN 978 1 4396 2152 3 The New International Year Book Dodd Mead and Company 1989 p 352 Neville Chamberlain 2000 The Neville Chamberlain Diary Letters The Downing Street years 1934 1940 Ashgate Pub p 349 ISBN 978 0 7546 5266 3 Eva Gregorovicova 2002 Treasures of the Central State Archives in Prague The State of Bohemia and Czechoslovakia in Documents 1158 1990 Exhibition Catalogue Central State Archives in Prague ISBN 978 80 85475 82 1 The Contemporary Review A Strahan 1953 p 125 Events leading to the Munich settlement BBC Bitesize Retrieved 2020 11 15 Nazi Germany and the Jews 1938 The Fateful Year Archived June 29 2011 at the Wayback Machine on the Yad Vashem website It Came From Within 71 Years Since Kristallnacht Online exhibition from Yad Vashem including survivor testimonies archival footage photos and stories Albert Hofmann translated from the original German LSD Ganz Personlich by J Ott MAPS Volume 6 Number 69 Summer 1969 Kang Joon shik 2012 Choi Seung hee Critical Biography Noonbit p 231 ISBN 978 89 7409 709 7 Acta Theriologica Polish Scientific Publishers 1985 p 291 Ives Herbert E Stilwell G R 1938 An Experimental Study of the Rate of a Moving Atomic Clock Journal of the Optical Society of America 28 7 215 19 Bibcode 1938JOSA 28 215I doi 10 1364 JOSA 28 000215 Retrieved 2011 09 23 Bohumil Nemecek IOC Retrieved February 21 2021 Tok Mat dies The Star January 1 2010 Archived from the original on 22 June 2011 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2021 Philip Knight Oxford Reference Retrieved 25 May 2021 B Turner 12 January 2017 The Statesman s Yearbook 2012 The Politics Cultures and Economies of the World Springer p 565 ISBN 978 1 349 59051 3 Louis Paul 29 November 2014 Tales from the Cult Film Trenches Interviews with 36 Actors from Horror Science Fiction and Exploitation Cinema McFarland p 279 ISBN 978 0 7864 8402 7 Arpad ORBAN Olympic Football Hungary International Olympic Committee June 13 2016 Arpad Orban Stats titles won www footballdatabase eu Shashi Kapoor was always the best man never the groom Latest News amp Updates at Daily News amp Analysis 4 December 2017 Archived from the original on 5 December 2017 Retrieved 4 December 2017 Betty Cuthbert IOC Retrieved February 21 2021 Richard Martin Taryn Benbow Pfalzgraf 2002 Contemporary Fashion St James Press p 475 ISBN 978 1 55862 348 4 Giovanni Benvenuti IOC Retrieved February 21 2021 Stuart Colman 1982 They Kept on Rockin The Giants of Rock n roll Blandford Press p 90 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original on 2020 01 06 Retrieved 2020 08 10 Johnny Gruelle Biography gt gt Raggedy Anne Books https www nps gov people zitkala sa htm Clarence Darrow Is Dead in Chicago The New York Times March 14 1938 Retrieved July 4 2018 Leonard John W 1914 Woman s Who s who of America A Biographical Dictionary of Contemporary Women of the United States and Canada 1914 1915 Public domain ed American commonwealth Company p 895 Gillis Grafstrom IOC Retrieved February 21 2021 Joseph J Kockelmans 1970 Phenomenology and the Natural Sciences Essays and Translations Northwestern University Press p 3 ISBN 978 0 8101 0613 0 The Dreanought Project Lewis Bayly Accessed 12 december 2022 Andrews William L Foster Frances Smith Harris Trudier eds 1997 The Oxford Companion to African American Literature New York Oxford Oxford University Press p 404 ff John Barrett 2001 Wimbledon The Official History of the Championships CollinsWillow p 70 ISBN 978 0 00 711707 9 Dunn Elwood D Beyan Amos J Burrowes Carl Patrick 2000 Historical Dictionary of Liberia Lanham Maryland Scarecrow Press p 33 ISBN 9781461659310 Wollstein Hans J 1994 Strangers in Hollywood the history of Scandinavian actors in American films from 1910 to World War II Scarecrow Press p 309 ISBN 978 0 8108 2938 1 Retrieved July 30 2010 Magarshack David 1950 Stanislavsky A Life London and Boston Faber 1986 ISBN 0 571 13791 1 Page 404 E C Segar in Walker Brian The Comics The Complete Collection New York Abrams ComicArts 2011 pp 238 243 ISBN 9780810995956 Laura Castaneda 5 May 1991 Years After Nino s Death Miracle Curer s Cult Thrives Los Angeles Times Retrieved 12 November 2022 Lascelles Abercrombie British author Britannica www britannica com Typhoid Mary Biography Disease amp Facts Britannica Encyclopedia Britannica Bergman Jay 1998 Valerii Chkalov Soviet Pilot as New Soviet Man Journal of Contemporary History 33 1 135 152 doi 10 1177 003200949803300108 JSTOR 261001 S2CID 157937639 Izvestia 8 January 1991 Reproduced according to ed Osip Mandelstam and his time Sat memories Publisher L Age d Homme Nash Dom 1995 480 p p 402 1 External links Edit1938 WWII Timeline The 1930s Timeline 1938 from American Studies Programs at The University of Virginia 1938 The Fateful Year for the Jews in Nazi Germany Archived June 29 2011 at the Wayback Machine About the Holocaust Yad Vashem Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 1938 amp oldid 1134698976, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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