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Wikipedia

The Times

January 13, 2023

This article is about the British newspaper based in London. For other uses, see The Times (disambiguation).

The Times is a British daily national newspaper based in London. It began in 1785 under the title The Daily Universal Register, adopting its current name on 1 January 1788. The Times and its sister paper The Sunday Times (founded in 1821) are published by Times Newspapers, since 1981 a subsidiary of News UK, in turn wholly owned by News Corp. The Times and The Sunday Times, which do not share editorial staff, were founded independently and have only had common ownership since 1966.[3] In general, the political position of The Times is considered to be centre-right.[4]

The Times
Front page, 19 October 2015
TypeDaily newspaper
FormatCompact
Owner(s)News UK
EditorTony Gallagher
Founded1 January 1785; 238 years ago (1785-01-01) (as The Daily Universal Register)
Political alignmentPolitical position: centre to centre-right
Political parties:
HeadquartersThe News Building, London
1 London Bridge Place, SE1 9GF
CountryUnited Kingdom
Circulation
  • 359,960 (print, February 2020)
  • 304,000 (digital, June 2019)
[1][2]
Sister newspapersThe Sunday Times
ISSN0140-0460
Websitethetimes.co.uk

The Times is the first newspaper to have borne that name, lending it to numerous other papers around the world, such as The Times of India and The New York Times. In countries where these other titles are popular, the newspaper is often referred to as The London Times,[5][6] or as The Times of London,[7] although the newspaper is of national scope and distribution. It is considered a newspaper of record in the UK.[8]

The Times had an average daily circulation of 417,298 in January 2019;[9] in the same period, The Sunday Times had an average weekly circulation of 712,291.[9] An American edition of The Times has been published since 6 June 2006.[10] The Times has been heavily used by scholars and researchers because of its widespread availability in libraries and its detailed index. A complete historical file of the digitised paper, up to 2019, is online from Gale Cengage Learning.[11][12]

History

1785 to 1890

 
Front page of The Times from 4 December 1788

The Times was founded by publisher John Walter on 1 January 1785 as The Daily Universal Register,[13] with Walter in the role of editor.[14] Walter had lost his job by the end of 1784 after the insurance company for which he worked went bankrupt due to losses from a Jamaican hurricane. Unemployed, Walter began a new business venture.[15][16] At that time, Henry Johnson invented the logography, a new typography that was reputedly faster and more precise (although three years later, it was proved less efficient than advertised). Walter bought the logography's patent and with it opened a printing house to produce books.[16] The first publication of the newspaper The Daily Universal Register was on 1 January 1785. Walter changed the title after 940 editions on 1 January 1788 to The Times.[13][16] In 1803, Walter handed ownership and editorship to his son of the same name.[16] In spite of Walter Sr's sixteen-month stay in Newgate Prison for libel printed in The Times,[16] his pioneering efforts to obtain Continental news, especially from France, helped build the paper's reputation among policy makers and financiers.[17]

The Times used contributions from significant figures in the fields of politics, science, literature, and the arts to build its reputation. For much of its early life, the profits of The Times were very large and the competition minimal, so it could pay far better than its rivals for information or writers. Beginning in 1814, the paper was printed on the new steam-driven cylinder press developed by Friedrich Koenig.[18][19] In 1815, The Times had a circulation of 5,000.[20]

Thomas Barnes was appointed general editor in 1817. In the same year, the paper's printer James Lawson, died and passed the business onto his son John Joseph Lawson (1802–1852). Under the editorship of Barnes and his successor in 1841, John Thadeus Delane, the influence of The Times rose to great heights, especially in politics and amongst the City of London. Peter Fraser and Edward Sterling were two noted journalists, and gained for The Times the pompous/satirical nickname 'The Thunderer' (from "We thundered out the other day an article on social and political reform."). The increased circulation and influence of the paper was based in part to its early adoption of the steam-driven rotary printing press. Distribution via steam trains to rapidly growing concentrations of urban populations helped ensure the profitability of the paper and its growing influence.[21]

The Times was one of the first newspapers to send war correspondents to cover particular conflicts. William Howard Russell, the paper's correspondent with the army in the Crimean War, was immensely influential with his dispatches back to England.[22][23]

 
A wounded British officer reading The Times's report of the end of the Crimean War, in John Everett Millais' painting Peace Concluded.

1890 to 1981

The Times faced financial extinction in 1890 under Arthur Fraser Walter, but it was rescued by an energetic editor, Charles Frederic Moberly Bell. During his tenure (1890–1911), The Times became associated with selling the Encyclopædia Britannica using aggressive American marketing methods introduced by Horace Everett Hooper and his advertising executive, Henry Haxton. Due to legal fights between the Britannica's two owners, Hooper and Walter Montgomery Jackson, The Times severed its connection in 1908 and was bought by pioneering newspaper magnate, Alfred Harmsworth, later Lord Northcliffe.[24]

In editorials published on 29 and 31 July 1914, Wickham Steed, the Times's Chief Editor, argued that the British Empire should enter World War I.[25] On 8 May 1920, also under the editorship of Steed, The Times in an editorial endorsed the anti-Semitic fabrication The Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion as a genuine document, and called Jews the world's greatest danger. In the leader entitled "The Jewish Peril, a Disturbing Pamphlet: Call for Inquiry", Steed wrote about The Protocols of the Elders of Zion:

What are these 'Protocols'? Are they authentic? If so, what malevolent assembly concocted these plans and gloated over their exposition? Are they forgery? If so, whence comes the uncanny note of prophecy, prophecy in part fulfilled, in part so far gone in the way of fulfillment?".[26]

The following year, when Philip Graves, the Constantinople (modern Istanbul) correspondent of The Times, exposed The Protocols as a forgery,[27] The Times retracted the editorial of the previous year.

In 1922, John Jacob Astor, son of the 1st Viscount Astor, bought The Times from the Northcliffe estate. The paper gained a measure of notoriety in the 1930s with its advocacy of German appeasement; editor Geoffrey Dawson was closely allied with those in the government who practised appeasement, most notably Neville Chamberlain. Candid news reports by Norman Ebbut from Berlin that warned of warmongering were rewritten in London to support the appeasement policy.[28][29]

Kim Philby, a double agent with primary allegiance to the Soviet Union, was a correspondent for the newspaper in Spain during the Spanish Civil War of the late 1930s. Philby was admired for his courage in obtaining high-quality reporting from the front lines of the bloody conflict. He later joined British Military Intelligence (MI6) during World War II, was promoted into senior positions after the war ended, and defected to the Soviet Union when discovery was inevitable in 1963.[30]

Between 1941 and 1946, the left-wing British historian E. H. Carr was assistant editor. Carr was well known for the strongly pro-Soviet tone of his editorials.[31] In December 1944, when fighting broke out in Athens between the Greek Communist ELAS and the British Army, Carr in a Times leader sided with the Communists, leading Winston Churchill to condemn him and the article in a speech to the House of Commons.[32] As a result of Carr's editorial, The Times became popularly known during that stage of World War II as "the threepenny Daily Worker" (the price of the Communist Party's Daily Worker being one penny).[33]

On 3 May 1966, it resumed printing news on the front page – previously the front page had been given over to small advertisements, usually of interest to the moneyed classes in British society. Also in 1966, the Royal Arms, which had been a feature of the newspaper's masthead since its inception, was abandoned.[34][35] In the same year, members of the Astor family sold the paper to Canadian publishing magnate Roy Thomson. His Thomson Corporation brought it under the same ownership as The Sunday Times to form Times Newspapers Limited.[36]

An industrial dispute prompted the management to shut the paper for nearly a year from 1 December 1978 to 12 November 1979.[37]

The Thomson Corporation management were struggling to run the business due to the 1979 energy crisis and union demands. Management sought a buyer who was in a position to guarantee the survival of both titles, and had the resources and was committed to funding the introduction of modern printing methods.[citation needed]

Several suitors appeared, including Robert Maxwell, Tiny Rowland and Lord Rothermere; however, only one buyer was in a position to meet the full Thomson remit, Australian media magnate Rupert Murdoch.[38] Robert Holmes à Court, another Australian magnate had previously tried to buy The Times in 1980.[39]

From 1981

 
Frontpage weekly magazine The Times, 15 May 1940, with headline: "The old prime minister and the new".

In 1981, The Times and The Sunday Times were bought from Thomson by Rupert Murdoch's News International.[40] The acquisition followed three weeks of intensive bargaining with the unions by company negotiators John Collier and Bill O'Neill. Murdoch gave legal undertakings to maintain separate journalism resources for the two titles.[41] The Royal Arms was reintroduced to the masthead at about this time, but whereas previously it had been that of the reigning monarch, it would now be that of the House of Hanover, who were on the throne when the newspaper was founded.[35]

After 14 years as editor, William Rees-Mogg resigned upon completion of the change of ownership.[40] Murdoch began to make his mark on the paper by appointing Harold Evans as his replacement.[42] One of his most important changes was the introduction of new technology and efficiency measures. Between March 1981 and May 1982, following agreement with print unions, the hot-metal Linotype printing process used to print The Times since the 19th century was phased out and replaced by computer input and photo-composition. This allowed print room staff at The Times and The Sunday Times to be reduced by half. However, direct input of text by journalists ("single-stroke" input) was still not achieved, and this was to remain an interim measure until the Wapping dispute of 1986, when The Times moved from New Printing House Square in Gray's Inn Road (near Fleet Street) to new offices in Wapping.[43][44]

Robert Fisk,[45] seven times British International Journalist of the Year,[46] resigned as foreign correspondent in 1988 over what he saw as "political censorship" of his article on the shooting-down of Iran Air Flight 655 in July 1988. He wrote in detail about his reasons for resigning from the paper due to meddling with his stories, and the paper's pro-Israel stance.[47]

In June 1990, The Times ceased its policy of using courtesy titles ("Mr", "Mrs", or "Miss" prefixes) for living persons before full names on first reference, but it continues to use them before surnames on subsequent references. In 1992, it accepted the use of "Ms" for unmarried women "if they express a preference."[48]

In November 2003, News International began producing the newspaper in both broadsheet and tabloid sizes.[49] Over the next year, the broadsheet edition was withdrawn from Northern Ireland, Scotland, and the West Country. Since 1 November 2004, the paper has been printed solely in tabloid format.[50]

On 6 June 2005, The Times redesigned its Letters page, dropping the practice of printing correspondents' full postal addresses. Published letters were long regarded as one of the paper's key constituents. According to its leading article "From Our Own Correspondents", the reason for removal of full postal addresses was to fit more letters onto the page.[51]

In a 2007 meeting with the House of Lords Select Committee on Communications, which was investigating media ownership and the news, Murdoch stated that the law and the independent board prevented him from exercising editorial control.[52]

In May 2008, printing of The Times switched from Wapping to new plants at Waltham Cross in Hertfordshire, and Merseyside and Glasgow, enabling the paper to be produced with full colour on every page for the first time.[53]

On 26 July 2012, to coincide with the official start of the London 2012 Olympics and the issuing of a series of souvenir front covers, The Times added the suffix "of London" to its masthead.[citation needed]

In March 2016, the paper dropped its rolling digital coverage for a series of 'editions' of the paper at 9am, midday and 5pm on weekdays.[54] The change also saw a redesign for the paper's app for smartphones and tablets.[55]

In April 2018, IPSO upheld a complaint against The Times for its report of a court hearing in a Tower Hamlets fostering case.[56]

In April 2019, culture secretary Jeremy Wright said he was minded to allow a request by News UK to relax the legal undertakings given in 1981 to maintain separate journalism resources for The Times and The Sunday Times.[41][57]

In 2019, IPSO upheld complaints against The Times over their article "GPS data shows container visited trafficking hotspot",[58] and for three articles as part of a series on pollution in Britain's waterways – "No river safe for bathing", "Filthy Business" and "Behind the story".[56] IPSO also upheld complaints in 2019 against articles headlined "Funding secret of scientists against hunt trophy ban",[59] and "Britons lose out to rush of foreign medical students".[60]

Content

The Times features news for the first half of the paper; the Opinion/Comment section begins after the first news section with world news normally following this. The business pages begin on the centre spread, and are followed by The Register, containing obituaries, a Court & Social section, and related material. The sport section is at the end of the main paper. In April 2016, the cover price of The Times became £1.40 on weekdays and £1.50 on Saturdays.[61]

Times2

The Times' main supplement, every day, is the times2, featuring various columns.[62][63] It was discontinued in early March 2010,[64][65] but reintroduced on 12 October 2010 after discontinuation was criticised.[66] Its regular features include a puzzles section called Mind Games. Its previous incarnation began on 5 September 2005, before which it was called T2 and previously Times 2.[66] The supplement contains arts and lifestyle features, TV and radio listings, and theatre reviews. The newspaper employs Richard Morrison as its classical music critic.[67]

The Game

The Game is included in the newspaper on Mondays, and details all the weekend's football activity (Premier League and Football League Championship, League One and League Two.) The Scottish edition of The Game also includes results and analysis from Scottish Premier League games. During the FIFA World Cup and UEFA Euros there is a daily supplement of The Game.[68]

Saturday supplements

The Saturday edition of The Times contains a variety of supplements. These supplements were relaunched in January 2009 as: Sport, Saturday Review (arts, books, TV listings and ideas), Weekend (including travel and lifestyle features), Playlist (an entertainment listings guide) and The Times Magazine (columns on various topics).[69]

The Times Magazine

The Times Magazine features columns touching on various subjects such as celebrities, fashion and beauty, food and drink, homes and gardens or simply writers' anecdotes. Notable contributors include Giles Coren, Food and Drink Writer of the Year in 2005 and Nadiya Hussain, winner of The Great British Bake Off.[70]

Online presence

"The Times Online" redirects here. For the online version of The Beaver County Times, see The Beaver County Times.

The Times and The Sunday Times have had an online presence since 1996, originally at the-times.co.uk and sunday-times.co.uk, and later at timesonline.co.uk. There are now two websites: thetimes.co.uk is aimed at daily readers, and the thesundaytimes.co.uk site at providing weekly magazine-like content. There are also iPad and Android editions of both newspapers. Since July 2010, News UK has required readers who do not subscribe to the print edition to pay £2 per week to read The Times and The Sunday Times online.[71]

Visits to the websites have decreased by 87% since the paywall was introduced, from 21 million unique users per month to 2.7 million.[72] In April 2009, the timesonline site had a readership of 750,000 readers per day.[73] In October 2011, there were around 111,000 subscribers to The Times' digital products.[74] A Reuters Institute survey in 2021 put the number of digital subscribers at around 400,000, and ranked The Times as having the sixth highest trust rating out of 13 different outlets polled.[75]

The Times Digital Archive is available by subscription.

Ownership

The Times has had the following eight owners since its foundation in 1785:[76]

Readership

At the time of Harold Evans' appointment as editor in 1981, The Times had an average daily sale of 282,000 copies in comparison to the 1.4 million daily sales of its traditional rival The Daily Telegraph.[42] By November 2005, The Times sold an average of 691,283 copies per day, the second-highest of any British "quality" newspaper (after The Daily Telegraph, which had a circulation of 903,405 copies in the period), and the highest in terms of full-rate sales.[79] By March 2014, average daily circulation of The Times had fallen to 394,448 copies,[80] compared to The Daily Telegraph's 523,048,[81] with the two retaining respectively the second-highest and highest circulations among British "quality" newspapers. In contrast The Sun, the highest-selling "tabloid" daily newspaper in the United Kingdom, sold an average of 2,069,809 copies in March 2014,[82] and the Daily Mail, the highest-selling "middle market" British daily newspaper, sold an average of 1,708,006 copies in the period.[83]

The Sunday Times has a significantly higher circulation than The Times, and sometimes outsells The Sunday Telegraph. In January 2019, The Times had a circulation of 417,298[9] and The Sunday Times 712,291.[9]

In a 2009 national readership survey, The Times was found to have the highest number of ABC1 25–44 readers and the largest numbers of readers in London of any of the "quality" papers.[84]

Typeface

The Times is the originator of the widely used Times New Roman typeface, originally developed by Stanley Morison of The Times in collaboration with the Monotype Corporation for its legibility in low-tech printing. In November 2006, The Times began printing headlines in a new typeface, Times Modern. The Times was printed in broadsheet format for 219 years, but switched to compact size in 2004 in an attempt to appeal more to younger readers and commuters using public transport. The Sunday Times remains a broadsheet.

[T]he various typefaces used before the introduction (The) Times New Roman [sic] didn't really have a formal name.

They were a suite of types originally made by Miller and Co. (later Miller & Richards) in Edinburgh around 1813, generally referred to as "modern". When The Times began using Monotype (and other hot-metal machines) in 1908, this design was remade by Monotype for its equipment. As near as I can tell, it looks like Monotype Series no. 1 – Modern (which was based on a Miller & Richards typeface) – was what was used up until 1932.

— Dan Rhatigan, type director[85]
 
An example of the Times New Roman typeface

In 1908, The Times started using the Monotype Modern typeface.[86]

The Times commissioned the serif typeface Times New Roman, created by Victor Lardent at the English branch of Monotype, in 1931.[87] It was commissioned after Stanley Morison had written an article criticizing The Times for being badly printed and typographically antiquated.[88] The typeface was supervised by Morison and drawn by Victor Lardent, an artist from the advertising department of The Times. Morison used an older typeface named Plantin as the basis for his design, but made revisions for legibility and economy of space. Times New Roman made its debut in the issue of 3 October 1932.[89] After one year, the design was released for commercial sale. The Times stayed with Times New Roman for 40 years, but new production techniques and the format change from broadsheet to tabloid in 2004 have caused the newspaper to switch typeface five times since 1972. However, all the new typeface have been variants of the original New Roman type:

  • Times Europa was designed by Walter Tracy in 1972 for The Times, as a sturdier alternative to the Times font family, designed for the demands of faster printing presses and cheaper paper. The typeface features more open counter spaces.[90]
  • Times Roman replaced Times Europa on 30 August 1982.[91]
  • Times Millennium was made in 1991,[91] drawn by Gunnlaugur Briem on the instructions of Aurobind Patel, composing manager of News International.
  • Times Classic first appeared in 2001.[92] Designed as an economical face by the British type team of Dave Farey and Richard Dawson, it took advantage of the new PC-based publishing system at the newspaper, while obviating the production shortcomings of its predecessor Times Millennium. The new typeface included 120 letters per font. Initially the family comprised ten fonts, but a condensed version was added in 2004.[93]
  • Times Modern was unveiled on 20 November 2006, as the successor of Times Classic.[91] Designed for improving legibility in smaller font sizes, it uses 45-degree angled bracket serifs. The typeface was published by Elsner + Flake as EF Times Modern; it was designed by Research Studios, led by Ben Preston (deputy editor of The Times) and designer Neville Brody.[94]

Political alignment

Historically, the paper was not overtly pro-Tory or Whig, but has been a long time bastion of the British Establishment and empire. In 1959, the historian of journalism Allan Nevins analysed the importance of The Times in shaping the views of events of London's elite, writing:

For much more than a century The Times has been an integral and important part of the political structure of Great Britain. Its news and its editorial comment have in general been carefully coordinated, and have at most times been handled with an earnest sense of responsibility. While the paper has admitted some trivia to its columns, its whole emphasis has been on important public affairs treated with an eye to the best interests of Britain. To guide this treatment, the editors have for long periods been in close touch with 10 Downing Street.[95]

The Times adopted a stance described as "peculiarly detached" at the 1945 general election; although it was increasingly critical of the Conservative Party's campaign, it did not advocate a vote for any one party.[96] However, the newspaper reverted to the Conservatives for the next election five years later. It supported the Conservatives for the subsequent three elections, followed by support for both the Conservatives and the Liberal Party for the next five elections, expressly supporting a Con–Lib coalition in 1974. The paper then backed the Conservatives solidly until 1997, when it declined to make any party endorsement but supported individual (primarily Eurosceptic) candidates.[97]

For the 2001 general election, The Times declared its support for Tony Blair's Labour government, which was re-elected by a landslide (although not as large as in 1997). It supported Labour again in 2005, when Labour achieved a third successive win, though with a reduced majority.[98] In 2004, according to MORI, the voting intentions of its readership were 40% for the Conservative Party, 29% for the Liberal Democrats, and 26% for Labour.[99] For the 2010 general election, the newspaper declared its support for the Conservatives once again; the election ended in the Tories taking the most votes and seats but having to form a coalition with the Liberal Democrats in order to form a government as they had failed to gain an overall majority.[100]

Its changes in political alignment make it the most varied newspaper in terms of political support in British history.[100] Some columnists in The Times are connected to the Conservative Party such as Daniel Finkelstein, Tim Montgomerie, Matthew Parris, and Matt Ridley, but there are also columnists connected to the Labour Party such as David Aaronovitch and Jenni Russell.[101]

The Times occasionally makes endorsements for foreign elections. In November 2012, it endorsed a second term for Democrat Barack Obama although it also expressed reservations about his foreign policy.[102]

During the 2019 Conservative leadership election, The Times endorsed Boris Johnson,[103] and subsequently endorsed the Conservative Party in the general election of that year.[104]

Libel cases against The Times

Imam Abdullah Patel

In 2019, The Times published an article about Imam Abdullah Patel which wrongly claimed Patel had blamed Israel for the 2003 murder of a British police officer by a terror suspect in Manchester. The story also wrongly claimed that Patel ran a primary school that had been criticised by Ofsted for segregating parents at events, which Ofsted said was contrary to "British democratic principles". The Times settled Patel's defamation claim by issuing an apology and offering to pay damages and legal costs. Patel's solicitor, Zillur Rahman, said the case "highlights the shocking level of journalism to which the Muslim community are often subject".[105]

Sultan Choudhury

In 2019, The Times published an article titled "Female Circumcision is like clipping a nail, claimed speaker". The article featured a photo of Sultan Choudhury beside the headline, leading some readers to incorrectly infer that Choudhury had made the comment. Choudhury lodged a complaint with the Independent Press Standards Organisation and sued The Times for libel. In 2020, The Times issued an apology, amended its article and agreed to pay Choudhury damages and legal costs. Choudhury's solicitor, Nishtar Saleem, said "This is another example of irresponsible journalism. Publishing sensational excerpts on a ‘free site’ whilst concealing the full article behind a paywall is a dangerous game".[citation needed]

Cage

See also: Cage (organisation)

In December 2020, Cage and Moazzam Begg received damages of £30,000 plus costs in a libel case they had brought against The Times newspaper. In June 2020, a report in The Times had suggested that Cage and Begg were supporting a man who had been arrested in relation to a knife attack in Reading in which three men were murdered. The Times report also suggested that Cage and Begg were excusing the actions of the accused man by mentioning mistakes made by the police and others. In addition to paying damages, The Times printed an apology. Cage stated that the damages amount would be used to "expose state-sponsored Islamophobia and those complicit with it in the press. ... The Murdoch press empire has actively supported xenophobic elements and undermined principles of open society and accountability. ... We will continue to shine a light on war criminals and torture apologists and press barons who fan the flames of hate".[106][107][108]

Sponsorships

The Times, along with the British Film Institute, sponsors "The Times" bfi London Film Festival.[109] It also sponsors the Cheltenham Literature Festival and the Asia House Festival of Asian Literature at Asia House, London.[110]

Editors

Name[14] Tenure
John Walter 1785 to 1803
John Walter, Jnr 1803 to 1812
Sir John Stoddart 1812 to 1816
Thomas Barnes 1817 to 1841
John Thadeus Delane 1841 to 1877
Thomas Chenery 1877 to 1884
George Earle Buckle 1884 to 1912
George Geoffrey Dawson 1912 to 1919
George Sydney Freeman 1919 (two-month 'inter-regnum')[111]
Henry Wickham Steed 1919 to 1922
George Geoffrey Dawson 1923 to 1941
Robert McGowan Barrington-Ward 1941 to 1948
William Francis Casey 1948 to 1952
Sir William John Haley 1952 to 1966
William Rees-Mogg 1967 to 1981
Harold Evans 1981 to 1982
Charles Douglas-Home 1982 to 1985
Charles Wilson 1985 to 1990
Simon Jenkins 1990 to 1992
Peter Stothard 1992 to 2002
Robert Thomson 2002 to 2007
James Harding 2007 to 2012
John Witherow 2013 to 2022

Related publications

An Irish digital edition of the paper was launched in September 2015 at TheTimes.ie.[112][113] A print edition was launched in June 2017, replacing the international edition previously distributed in Ireland.[114] The Irish edition was set to close in June 2019 with the loss of 20 jobs.[115]

The Times Literary Supplement (TLS) first appeared in 1902 as a supplement to The Times, becoming a separately paid-for weekly literature and society magazine in 1914.[116] The TLS is owned and published by News International and co-operates closely with The Times, with its online version hosted on The Times website, and its editorial offices based in 1 London Bridge Street, London.[117]

Between 1951 and 1966, The Times published a separately paid-for quarterly science review, The Times Science Review.[citation needed] The Times started a new, free, monthly science magazine, Eureka, in October 2009.[118] The magazine closed in October 2012.[119]

Times Atlases have been produced since 1895. They are currently produced by the Collins Bartholomew imprint of HarperCollins Publishers. The flagship product is The Times Comprehensive Atlas of the World.[120]

In 1971, The Times began publishing the Times Higher Education Supplement (now known as the Times Higher Education) which focuses its coverage on tertiary education.[121]

In popular culture

In the dystopian future world of George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four, The Times has been transformed into an organ of the totalitarian ruling party.[122] The book's lead character Winston Smith is employed in the task of rewriting past issues of the newspaper for the Ministry of Truth.[123]

Rex Stout's fictional detective Nero Wolfe is described as fond of solving the London Times' crossword puzzle at his New York home, in preference to those of American papers.[124][125]

In the James Bond series by Ian Fleming, James Bond reads The Times. As described by Fleming in From Russia, with Love: The Times was "the only paper that Bond ever read."[126]

See also

References

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Further reading

  • Bingham, Adrian. "The Times Digital Archive, 1785–2006 (Gale Cengage)," English Historical Review (2013) 128#533 pp. 1037–1040. doi:10.1093/ehr/cet144
  • Evans, Harold (1983). Good Times, Bad Times. Weidenfeld and Nicolson. ISBN 0-297-78295-9. - includes sections of black-and-white photographic plates, plus a few charts and diagrams in text pages.
  • Merrill, John C. and Harold A. Fisher. The world's great dailies: profiles of fifty newspapers (1980) pp. 320–29.
  • Morison, Stanley. The History of the Times: Volume 1: The Thunderer" in the Making 1785–1841. Volume 2: The Tradition Established 1841–1884. Volume 3: The Twentieth Century Test 1884–1912. Volume 4 [published in two parts]:The 150th Anniversary and Beyond 1912–1948. (1952)
  • Riggs, Bruce Timothy. "Geoffrey Dawson, editor of "The Times" (London), and his contribution to the appeasement movement" (PhD dissertation, U of North Texas, 1993) online, bibliography pp 229–33.

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to The Times.
 
Wikisource has original text related to this article:
The Times
 
Wikiquote has quotations related to The Times.
  • Times (London, England) Collection at the Harry Ransom Center
  • Official website (Mobile)
  • Today's The Times front page at the Newseum website
  • Works by or about The Times at Internet Archive (archives)
  • Works by The Times at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)  
  • Anthony Trollope's satire
  • Journalism Now: The Times
  • including a detailing landmark Times atlases
  • Archive from 1785 to 2008 – full text and original layout, searchable (not free of charge, registration required)
  • Neil, Andrew; Griffiths, Ian; Fitzpatrick, Barry (15 January 2006). "Three views of the industrial dispute twenty years on". The Observer. UK.

January 13, 2023
times, this, article, about, british, newspaper, based, london, other, uses, disambiguation, british, daily, national, newspaper, based, london, began, 1785, under, title, daily, universal, register, adopting, current, name, january, 1788, sister, paper, sunda. This article is about the British newspaper based in London For other uses see The Times disambiguation The Times is a British daily national newspaper based in London It began in 1785 under the title The Daily Universal Register adopting its current name on 1 January 1788 The Times and its sister paper The Sunday Times founded in 1821 are published by Times Newspapers since 1981 a subsidiary of News UK in turn wholly owned by News Corp The Times and The Sunday Times which do not share editorial staff were founded independently and have only had common ownership since 1966 3 In general the political position of The Times is considered to be centre right 4 The TimesFront page 19 October 2015TypeDaily newspaperFormatCompactOwner s News UKEditorTony GallagherFounded1 January 1785 238 years ago 1785 01 01 as The Daily Universal Register Political alignmentPolitical position centre to centre right Political parties Conservative Party 2010 present New Labour 2001 2010 HeadquartersThe News Building London1 London Bridge Place SE1 9GFCountryUnited KingdomCirculation359 960 print February 2020 304 000 digital June 2019 1 2 Sister newspapersThe Sunday TimesISSN0140 0460Websitethetimes wbr co wbr ukMedia of the United KingdomList of newspapersThe Times is the first newspaper to have borne that name lending it to numerous other papers around the world such as The Times of India and The New York Times In countries where these other titles are popular the newspaper is often referred to as The London Times 5 6 or as The Times of London 7 although the newspaper is of national scope and distribution It is considered a newspaper of record in the UK 8 The Times had an average daily circulation of 417 298 in January 2019 9 in the same period The Sunday Times had an average weekly circulation of 712 291 9 An American edition of The Times has been published since 6 June 2006 10 The Times has been heavily used by scholars and researchers because of its widespread availability in libraries and its detailed index A complete historical file of the digitised paper up to 2019 is online from Gale Cengage Learning 11 12 Contents 1 History 1 1 1785 to 1890 1 2 1890 to 1981 1 3 From 1981 2 Content 2 1 Times2 2 2 The Game 2 3 Saturday supplements 2 3 1 The Times Magazine 2 4 Online presence 3 Ownership 4 Readership 5 Typeface 6 Political alignment 7 Libel cases against The Times 7 1 Imam Abdullah Patel 7 2 Sultan Choudhury 7 3 Cage 8 Sponsorships 9 Editors 10 Related publications 11 In popular culture 12 See also 13 References 14 Further reading 15 External linksHistory Edit1785 to 1890 Edit Front page of The Times from 4 December 1788 The Times was founded by publisher John Walter on 1 January 1785 as The Daily Universal Register 13 with Walter in the role of editor 14 Walter had lost his job by the end of 1784 after the insurance company for which he worked went bankrupt due to losses from a Jamaican hurricane Unemployed Walter began a new business venture 15 16 At that time Henry Johnson invented the logography a new typography that was reputedly faster and more precise although three years later it was proved less efficient than advertised Walter bought the logography s patent and with it opened a printing house to produce books 16 The first publication of the newspaper The Daily Universal Register was on 1 January 1785 Walter changed the title after 940 editions on 1 January 1788 to The Times 13 16 In 1803 Walter handed ownership and editorship to his son of the same name 16 In spite of Walter Sr s sixteen month stay in Newgate Prison for libel printed in The Times 16 his pioneering efforts to obtain Continental news especially from France helped build the paper s reputation among policy makers and financiers 17 The Times used contributions from significant figures in the fields of politics science literature and the arts to build its reputation For much of its early life the profits of The Times were very large and the competition minimal so it could pay far better than its rivals for information or writers Beginning in 1814 the paper was printed on the new steam driven cylinder press developed by Friedrich Koenig 18 19 In 1815 The Times had a circulation of 5 000 20 Thomas Barnes was appointed general editor in 1817 In the same year the paper s printer James Lawson died and passed the business onto his son John Joseph Lawson 1802 1852 Under the editorship of Barnes and his successor in 1841 John Thadeus Delane the influence of The Times rose to great heights especially in politics and amongst the City of London Peter Fraser and Edward Sterling were two noted journalists and gained for The Times the pompous satirical nickname The Thunderer from We thundered out the other day an article on social and political reform The increased circulation and influence of the paper was based in part to its early adoption of the steam driven rotary printing press Distribution via steam trains to rapidly growing concentrations of urban populations helped ensure the profitability of the paper and its growing influence 21 The Times was one of the first newspapers to send war correspondents to cover particular conflicts William Howard Russell the paper s correspondent with the army in the Crimean War was immensely influential with his dispatches back to England 22 23 A wounded British officer reading The Times s report of the end of the Crimean War in John Everett Millais painting Peace Concluded 1890 to 1981 Edit The Times faced financial extinction in 1890 under Arthur Fraser Walter but it was rescued by an energetic editor Charles Frederic Moberly Bell During his tenure 1890 1911 The Times became associated with selling the Encyclopaedia Britannica using aggressive American marketing methods introduced by Horace Everett Hooper and his advertising executive Henry Haxton Due to legal fights between the Britannica s two owners Hooper and Walter Montgomery Jackson The Times severed its connection in 1908 and was bought by pioneering newspaper magnate Alfred Harmsworth later Lord Northcliffe 24 In editorials published on 29 and 31 July 1914 Wickham Steed the Times s Chief Editor argued that the British Empire should enter World War I 25 On 8 May 1920 also under the editorship of Steed The Times in an editorial endorsed the anti Semitic fabrication The Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion as a genuine document and called Jews the world s greatest danger In the leader entitled The Jewish Peril a Disturbing Pamphlet Call for Inquiry Steed wrote about The Protocols of the Elders of Zion What are these Protocols Are they authentic If so what malevolent assembly concocted these plans and gloated over their exposition Are they forgery If so whence comes the uncanny note of prophecy prophecy in part fulfilled in part so far gone in the way of fulfillment 26 The following year when Philip Graves the Constantinople modern Istanbul correspondent of The Times exposed The Protocols as a forgery 27 The Times retracted the editorial of the previous year In 1922 John Jacob Astor son of the 1st Viscount Astor bought The Times from the Northcliffe estate The paper gained a measure of notoriety in the 1930s with its advocacy of German appeasement editor Geoffrey Dawson was closely allied with those in the government who practised appeasement most notably Neville Chamberlain Candid news reports by Norman Ebbut from Berlin that warned of warmongering were rewritten in London to support the appeasement policy 28 29 Kim Philby a double agent with primary allegiance to the Soviet Union was a correspondent for the newspaper in Spain during the Spanish Civil War of the late 1930s Philby was admired for his courage in obtaining high quality reporting from the front lines of the bloody conflict He later joined British Military Intelligence MI6 during World War II was promoted into senior positions after the war ended and defected to the Soviet Union when discovery was inevitable in 1963 30 Roy Thomson Between 1941 and 1946 the left wing British historian E H Carr was assistant editor Carr was well known for the strongly pro Soviet tone of his editorials 31 In December 1944 when fighting broke out in Athens between the Greek Communist ELAS and the British Army Carr in a Times leader sided with the Communists leading Winston Churchill to condemn him and the article in a speech to the House of Commons 32 As a result of Carr s editorial The Times became popularly known during that stage of World War II as the threepenny Daily Worker the price of the Communist Party s Daily Worker being one penny 33 On 3 May 1966 it resumed printing news on the front page previously the front page had been given over to small advertisements usually of interest to the moneyed classes in British society Also in 1966 the Royal Arms which had been a feature of the newspaper s masthead since its inception was abandoned 34 35 In the same year members of the Astor family sold the paper to Canadian publishing magnate Roy Thomson His Thomson Corporation brought it under the same ownership as The Sunday Times to form Times Newspapers Limited 36 An industrial dispute prompted the management to shut the paper for nearly a year from 1 December 1978 to 12 November 1979 37 The Thomson Corporation management were struggling to run the business due to the 1979 energy crisis and union demands Management sought a buyer who was in a position to guarantee the survival of both titles and had the resources and was committed to funding the introduction of modern printing methods citation needed Several suitors appeared including Robert Maxwell Tiny Rowland and Lord Rothermere however only one buyer was in a position to meet the full Thomson remit Australian media magnate Rupert Murdoch 38 Robert Holmes a Court another Australian magnate had previously tried to buy The Times in 1980 39 From 1981 Edit Frontpage weekly magazine The Times 15 May 1940 with headline The old prime minister and the new In 1981 The Times and The Sunday Times were bought from Thomson by Rupert Murdoch s News International 40 The acquisition followed three weeks of intensive bargaining with the unions by company negotiators John Collier and Bill O Neill Murdoch gave legal undertakings to maintain separate journalism resources for the two titles 41 The Royal Arms was reintroduced to the masthead at about this time but whereas previously it had been that of the reigning monarch it would now be that of the House of Hanover who were on the throne when the newspaper was founded 35 After 14 years as editor William Rees Mogg resigned upon completion of the change of ownership 40 Murdoch began to make his mark on the paper by appointing Harold Evans as his replacement 42 One of his most important changes was the introduction of new technology and efficiency measures Between March 1981 and May 1982 following agreement with print unions the hot metal Linotype printing process used to print The Times since the 19th century was phased out and replaced by computer input and photo composition This allowed print room staff at The Times and The Sunday Times to be reduced by half However direct input of text by journalists single stroke input was still not achieved and this was to remain an interim measure until the Wapping dispute of 1986 when The Times moved from New Printing House Square in Gray s Inn Road near Fleet Street to new offices in Wapping 43 44 Robert Fisk 45 seven times British International Journalist of the Year 46 resigned as foreign correspondent in 1988 over what he saw as political censorship of his article on the shooting down of Iran Air Flight 655 in July 1988 He wrote in detail about his reasons for resigning from the paper due to meddling with his stories and the paper s pro Israel stance 47 In June 1990 The Times ceased its policy of using courtesy titles Mr Mrs or Miss prefixes for living persons before full names on first reference but it continues to use them before surnames on subsequent references In 1992 it accepted the use of Ms for unmarried women if they express a preference 48 In November 2003 News International began producing the newspaper in both broadsheet and tabloid sizes 49 Over the next year the broadsheet edition was withdrawn from Northern Ireland Scotland and the West Country Since 1 November 2004 the paper has been printed solely in tabloid format 50 On 6 June 2005 The Times redesigned its Letters page dropping the practice of printing correspondents full postal addresses Published letters were long regarded as one of the paper s key constituents According to its leading article From Our Own Correspondents the reason for removal of full postal addresses was to fit more letters onto the page 51 In a 2007 meeting with the House of Lords Select Committee on Communications which was investigating media ownership and the news Murdoch stated that the law and the independent board prevented him from exercising editorial control 52 In May 2008 printing of The Times switched from Wapping to new plants at Waltham Cross in Hertfordshire and Merseyside and Glasgow enabling the paper to be produced with full colour on every page for the first time 53 On 26 July 2012 to coincide with the official start of the London 2012 Olympics and the issuing of a series of souvenir front covers The Times added the suffix of London to its masthead citation needed In March 2016 the paper dropped its rolling digital coverage for a series of editions of the paper at 9am midday and 5pm on weekdays 54 The change also saw a redesign for the paper s app for smartphones and tablets 55 In April 2018 IPSO upheld a complaint against The Times for its report of a court hearing in a Tower Hamlets fostering case 56 In April 2019 culture secretary Jeremy Wright said he was minded to allow a request by News UK to relax the legal undertakings given in 1981 to maintain separate journalism resources for The Times and The Sunday Times 41 57 In 2019 IPSO upheld complaints against The Times over their article GPS data shows container visited trafficking hotspot 58 and for three articles as part of a series on pollution in Britain s waterways No river safe for bathing Filthy Business and Behind the story 56 IPSO also upheld complaints in 2019 against articles headlined Funding secret of scientists against hunt trophy ban 59 and Britons lose out to rush of foreign medical students 60 Content EditThe Times features news for the first half of the paper the Opinion Comment section begins after the first news section with world news normally following this The business pages begin on the centre spread and are followed by The Register containing obituaries a Court amp Social section and related material The sport section is at the end of the main paper In April 2016 the cover price of The Times became 1 40 on weekdays and 1 50 on Saturdays 61 Times2 Edit The Times main supplement every day is the times2 featuring various columns 62 63 It was discontinued in early March 2010 64 65 but reintroduced on 12 October 2010 after discontinuation was criticised 66 Its regular features include a puzzles section called Mind Games Its previous incarnation began on 5 September 2005 before which it was called T2 and previously Times 2 66 The supplement contains arts and lifestyle features TV and radio listings and theatre reviews The newspaper employs Richard Morrison as its classical music critic 67 The Game Edit The Game is included in the newspaper on Mondays and details all the weekend s football activity Premier League and Football League Championship League One and League Two The Scottish edition of The Game also includes results and analysis from Scottish Premier League games During the FIFA World Cup and UEFA Euros there is a daily supplement of The Game 68 Saturday supplements Edit The Saturday edition of The Times contains a variety of supplements These supplements were relaunched in January 2009 as Sport Saturday Review arts books TV listings and ideas Weekend including travel and lifestyle features Playlist an entertainment listings guide and The Times Magazine columns on various topics 69 The Times Magazine Edit The Times Magazine features columns touching on various subjects such as celebrities fashion and beauty food and drink homes and gardens or simply writers anecdotes Notable contributors include Giles Coren Food and Drink Writer of the Year in 2005 and Nadiya Hussain winner of The Great British Bake Off 70 Online presence Edit The Times Online redirects here For the online version of The Beaver County Times see The Beaver County Times The Times and The Sunday Times have had an online presence since 1996 originally at the times co uk and sunday times co uk and later at timesonline co uk There are now two websites thetimes co uk is aimed at daily readers and the thesundaytimes co uk site at providing weekly magazine like content There are also iPad and Android editions of both newspapers Since July 2010 News UK has required readers who do not subscribe to the print edition to pay 2 per week to read The Times and The Sunday Times online 71 Visits to the websites have decreased by 87 since the paywall was introduced from 21 million unique users per month to 2 7 million 72 In April 2009 the timesonline site had a readership of 750 000 readers per day 73 In October 2011 there were around 111 000 subscribers to The Times digital products 74 A Reuters Institute survey in 2021 put the number of digital subscribers at around 400 000 and ranked The Times as having the sixth highest trust rating out of 13 different outlets polled 75 The Times Digital Archive is available by subscription Ownership EditThe Times has had the following eight owners since its foundation in 1785 76 1785 to 1803 John Walter 1803 to 1847 John Walter 2nd 1847 to 1894 John Walter 3rd 1894 to 1908 Arthur Fraser Walter 1908 to 1922 Lord Northcliffe 1922 to 1966 Astor family 1966 to 1981 Roy Thomson 1981 to present News UK formerly News International a wholly owned subsidiary of News Corp run by Rupert Murdoch 77 78 John Walter the founder of The Times John Walter 2nd John Walter 3rd Lord Northcliffe Roy Thomson Rupert MurdochReadership EditAt the time of Harold Evans appointment as editor in 1981 The Times had an average daily sale of 282 000 copies in comparison to the 1 4 million daily sales of its traditional rival The Daily Telegraph 42 By November 2005 The Times sold an average of 691 283 copies per day the second highest of any British quality newspaper after The Daily Telegraph which had a circulation of 903 405 copies in the period and the highest in terms of full rate sales 79 By March 2014 average daily circulation of The Times had fallen to 394 448 copies 80 compared to The Daily Telegraph s 523 048 81 with the two retaining respectively the second highest and highest circulations among British quality newspapers In contrast The Sun the highest selling tabloid daily newspaper in the United Kingdom sold an average of 2 069 809 copies in March 2014 82 and the Daily Mail the highest selling middle market British daily newspaper sold an average of 1 708 006 copies in the period 83 The Sunday Times has a significantly higher circulation than The Times and sometimes outsells The Sunday Telegraph In January 2019 The Times had a circulation of 417 298 9 and The Sunday Times 712 291 9 In a 2009 national readership survey The Times was found to have the highest number of ABC1 25 44 readers and the largest numbers of readers in London of any of the quality papers 84 Typeface EditThe Times is the originator of the widely used Times New Roman typeface originally developed by Stanley Morison of The Times in collaboration with the Monotype Corporation for its legibility in low tech printing In November 2006 The Times began printing headlines in a new typeface Times Modern The Times was printed in broadsheet format for 219 years but switched to compact size in 2004 in an attempt to appeal more to younger readers and commuters using public transport The Sunday Times remains a broadsheet T he various typefaces used before the introduction The Times New Roman sic didn t really have a formal name They were a suite of types originally made by Miller and Co later Miller amp Richards in Edinburgh around 1813 generally referred to as modern When The Times began using Monotype and other hot metal machines in 1908 this design was remade by Monotype for its equipment As near as I can tell it looks like Monotype Series no 1 Modern which was based on a Miller amp Richards typeface was what was used up until 1932 Dan Rhatigan type director 85 An example of the Times New Roman typeface In 1908 The Times started using the Monotype Modern typeface 86 The Times commissioned the serif typeface Times New Roman created by Victor Lardent at the English branch of Monotype in 1931 87 It was commissioned after Stanley Morison had written an article criticizing The Times for being badly printed and typographically antiquated 88 The typeface was supervised by Morison and drawn by Victor Lardent an artist from the advertising department of The Times Morison used an older typeface named Plantin as the basis for his design but made revisions for legibility and economy of space Times New Roman made its debut in the issue of 3 October 1932 89 After one year the design was released for commercial sale The Times stayed with Times New Roman for 40 years but new production techniques and the format change from broadsheet to tabloid in 2004 have caused the newspaper to switch typeface five times since 1972 However all the new typeface have been variants of the original New Roman type Times Europa was designed by Walter Tracy in 1972 for The Times as a sturdier alternative to the Times font family designed for the demands of faster printing presses and cheaper paper The typeface features more open counter spaces 90 Times Roman replaced Times Europa on 30 August 1982 91 Times Millennium was made in 1991 91 drawn by Gunnlaugur Briem on the instructions of Aurobind Patel composing manager of News International Times Classic first appeared in 2001 92 Designed as an economical face by the British type team of Dave Farey and Richard Dawson it took advantage of the new PC based publishing system at the newspaper while obviating the production shortcomings of its predecessor Times Millennium The new typeface included 120 letters per font Initially the family comprised ten fonts but a condensed version was added in 2004 93 Times Modern was unveiled on 20 November 2006 as the successor of Times Classic 91 Designed for improving legibility in smaller font sizes it uses 45 degree angled bracket serifs The typeface was published by Elsner Flake as EF Times Modern it was designed by Research Studios led by Ben Preston deputy editor of The Times and designer Neville Brody 94 Political alignment EditHistorically the paper was not overtly pro Tory or Whig but has been a long time bastion of the British Establishment and empire In 1959 the historian of journalism Allan Nevins analysed the importance of The Times in shaping the views of events of London s elite writing For much more than a century The Times has been an integral and important part of the political structure of Great Britain Its news and its editorial comment have in general been carefully coordinated and have at most times been handled with an earnest sense of responsibility While the paper has admitted some trivia to its columns its whole emphasis has been on important public affairs treated with an eye to the best interests of Britain To guide this treatment the editors have for long periods been in close touch with 10 Downing Street 95 The Times adopted a stance described as peculiarly detached at the 1945 general election although it was increasingly critical of the Conservative Party s campaign it did not advocate a vote for any one party 96 However the newspaper reverted to the Conservatives for the next election five years later It supported the Conservatives for the subsequent three elections followed by support for both the Conservatives and the Liberal Party for the next five elections expressly supporting a Con Lib coalition in 1974 The paper then backed the Conservatives solidly until 1997 when it declined to make any party endorsement but supported individual primarily Eurosceptic candidates 97 For the 2001 general election The Times declared its support for Tony Blair s Labour government which was re elected by a landslide although not as large as in 1997 It supported Labour again in 2005 when Labour achieved a third successive win though with a reduced majority 98 In 2004 according to MORI the voting intentions of its readership were 40 for the Conservative Party 29 for the Liberal Democrats and 26 for Labour 99 For the 2010 general election the newspaper declared its support for the Conservatives once again the election ended in the Tories taking the most votes and seats but having to form a coalition with the Liberal Democrats in order to form a government as they had failed to gain an overall majority 100 Its changes in political alignment make it the most varied newspaper in terms of political support in British history 100 Some columnists in The Times are connected to the Conservative Party such as Daniel Finkelstein Tim Montgomerie Matthew Parris and Matt Ridley but there are also columnists connected to the Labour Party such as David Aaronovitch and Jenni Russell 101 The Times occasionally makes endorsements for foreign elections In November 2012 it endorsed a second term for Democrat Barack Obama although it also expressed reservations about his foreign policy 102 During the 2019 Conservative leadership election The Times endorsed Boris Johnson 103 and subsequently endorsed the Conservative Party in the general election of that year 104 Libel cases against The Times EditImam Abdullah Patel Edit In 2019 The Times published an article about Imam Abdullah Patel which wrongly claimed Patel had blamed Israel for the 2003 murder of a British police officer by a terror suspect in Manchester The story also wrongly claimed that Patel ran a primary school that had been criticised by Ofsted for segregating parents at events which Ofsted said was contrary to British democratic principles The Times settled Patel s defamation claim by issuing an apology and offering to pay damages and legal costs Patel s solicitor Zillur Rahman said the case highlights the shocking level of journalism to which the Muslim community are often subject 105 Sultan Choudhury Edit In 2019 The Times published an article titled Female Circumcision is like clipping a nail claimed speaker The article featured a photo of Sultan Choudhury beside the headline leading some readers to incorrectly infer that Choudhury had made the comment Choudhury lodged a complaint with the Independent Press Standards Organisation and sued The Times for libel In 2020 The Times issued an apology amended its article and agreed to pay Choudhury damages and legal costs Choudhury s solicitor Nishtar Saleem said This is another example of irresponsible journalism Publishing sensational excerpts on a free site whilst concealing the full article behind a paywall is a dangerous game citation needed Cage Edit See also Cage organisation In December 2020 Cage and Moazzam Begg received damages of 30 000 plus costs in a libel case they had brought against The Times newspaper In June 2020 a report in The Times had suggested that Cage and Begg were supporting a man who had been arrested in relation to a knife attack in Reading in which three men were murdered The Times report also suggested that Cage and Begg were excusing the actions of the accused man by mentioning mistakes made by the police and others In addition to paying damages The Times printed an apology Cage stated that the damages amount would be used to expose state sponsored Islamophobia and those complicit with it in the press The Murdoch press empire has actively supported xenophobic elements and undermined principles of open society and accountability We will continue to shine a light on war criminals and torture apologists and press barons who fan the flames of hate 106 107 108 Sponsorships EditThe Times along with the British Film Institute sponsors The Times bfi London Film Festival 109 It also sponsors the Cheltenham Literature Festival and the Asia House Festival of Asian Literature at Asia House London 110 Editors EditName 14 TenureJohn Walter 1785 to 1803John Walter Jnr 1803 to 1812Sir John Stoddart 1812 to 1816Thomas Barnes 1817 to 1841John Thadeus Delane 1841 to 1877Thomas Chenery 1877 to 1884George Earle Buckle 1884 to 1912George Geoffrey Dawson 1912 to 1919George Sydney Freeman 1919 two month inter regnum 111 Henry Wickham Steed 1919 to 1922George Geoffrey Dawson 1923 to 1941Robert McGowan Barrington Ward 1941 to 1948William Francis Casey 1948 to 1952Sir William John Haley 1952 to 1966William Rees Mogg 1967 to 1981Harold Evans 1981 to 1982Charles Douglas Home 1982 to 1985Charles Wilson 1985 to 1990Simon Jenkins 1990 to 1992Peter Stothard 1992 to 2002Robert Thomson 2002 to 2007James Harding 2007 to 2012John Witherow 2013 to 2022Related publications EditAn Irish digital edition of the paper was launched in September 2015 at TheTimes ie 112 113 A print edition was launched in June 2017 replacing the international edition previously distributed in Ireland 114 The Irish edition was set to close in June 2019 with the loss of 20 jobs 115 The Times Literary Supplement TLS first appeared in 1902 as a supplement to The Times becoming a separately paid for weekly literature and society magazine in 1914 116 The TLS is owned and published by News International and co operates closely with The Times with its online version hosted on The Times website and its editorial offices based in 1 London Bridge Street London 117 Between 1951 and 1966 The Times published a separately paid for quarterly science review The Times Science Review citation needed The Times started a new free monthly science magazine Eureka in October 2009 118 The magazine closed in October 2012 119 Times Atlases have been produced since 1895 They are currently produced by the Collins Bartholomew imprint of HarperCollins Publishers The flagship product is The Times Comprehensive Atlas of the World 120 In 1971 The Times began publishing the Times Higher Education Supplement now known as the Times Higher Education which focuses its coverage on tertiary education 121 In popular culture EditIn the dystopian future world of George Orwell s Nineteen Eighty Four The Times has been transformed into an organ of the totalitarian ruling party 122 The book s lead character Winston Smith is employed in the task of rewriting past issues of the newspaper for the Ministry of Truth 123 Rex Stout s fictional detective Nero Wolfe is described as fond of solving the London Times crossword puzzle at his New York home in preference to those of American papers 124 125 In the James Bond series by Ian Fleming James Bond reads The Times As described by Fleming in From Russia with Love The Times was the only paper that Bond ever read 126 See also Edit Journalism portal London portalHistory of journalism in the United Kingdom List of the oldest newspapersReferences Edit The Times Data Audit Bureau of Circulations The Times amp The Sunday Times surpass 300 000 digital only subscribers News UK Full History of the Times Newspaper 13 November 2019 Christina Schaeffner ed 2009 Political Discourse Media and Translation Cambridge Scholars Publishing p 35 ISBN 9781443817936 With regard to political affiliation The Daily Telegraph is a right wing paper The Times centre right The Financial Times centre right and liberal and The Guardian centre left London Times Caster Semenya and the middle sex OII Australia Intersex Australia Oii org au 20 November 2009 Retrieved 8 April 2014 London Times posts digital subs rise AdNews 4 July 2011 Retrieved 8 April 2014 Times editorial page calls for intervention to save Winehouse Toronto Star Thestar com 26 January 2008 Retrieved 8 April 2014 The UK s other paper of record BBC News 19 January 2004 a b c d National newspaper ABCs Press Gazette 14 February 2019 Retrieved 10 March 2019 Pfanner Eric 27 May 2006 Times of London to Print Daily U S Edition The New York Times Retrieved 4 November 2008 The Times Digital Archive Gale Cengage Learning Retrieved 29 November 2021 Bingham Adrian The Times Digital Archive 1785 2006 Gale Cengage English Historical Review 2013 128 533 pp 1037 1040 doi 10 1093 ehr cet144 a b The Times Encyclopaedia Britannica Online Retrieved 11 September 2016 a b Lewis Leo 16 July 2011 The Times Editors The Times London Archived from the original on 16 July 2011 Retrieved 2 September 2012 Simkin John September 1997 John Walter Spartacus Educational Retrieved 28 December 2019 a b c d e Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Walter John Encyclopaedia Britannica 11th ed Cambridge University Press Times The Extracts from Epsom amp Ewell History Explorer eehe org uk Retrieved 11 October 2021 Sloan W David Parcell Lisa Mullikin 2002 American Journalism History Principles Practices An Historical Reader for Students and Professionals McFarland amp Co ISBN 0 7864 1371 9 Koenig had plans to develop a double feeding printing machine that would increase production and the publisher of The Times in London ordered two of the double feeder machines to be built Briggs Asa Burke Peter 2009 A Social History of the Media From Gutenberg to the Internet Polity p 106 ISBN 978 0 7456 4495 0 Bruckner D J R 20 November 1995 How the Earlier Media Achieved Critical Mass The New York Times the circulation of The Times rose from 5 000 in 1815 to 50 000 in the 1850s Lomas Claire The Steam Driven Rotary Press The Times and the Empire Archived 17 March 2011 at the Wayback Machine Knightley Phillip 5 October 2004 The First Casualty The War Correspondent as Hero and Myth Maker from the Crimea to Iraq JHU Press ISBN 978 0 8018 8030 8 War Correspondents The Edinburgh Review 183 375 129 January 1896 Alfred Charles William Harmsworth Viscount Northcliffe British publisher Encyclopedia Britannica Retrieved 28 December 2019 Ferguson Niall 1999 The Pity of War London Basic Books p 217 ISBN 978 0 465 05711 5 Friedlander Saul 1997 Nazi Germany and the Jews New York HarperCollins p 95 ISBN 978 0 06 019042 2 Ballylickey Manor House 1 July 2010 Archived from the original on 1 July 2010 Retrieved 28 December 2019 Gordon Martel ed The Times and Appeasement The Journals of A L Kennedy 1932 1939 2000 Frank McDonough The Times Norman Ebbut and the Nazis 1927 37 Journal of Contemporary History 27 3 1992 407 424 Cave Brown Anthony 1995 Treason in the blood H St John Philby Kim Philby and the spy case of the century London Robert Hale ISBN 978 0 7090 5582 2 Beloff Max The Dangers of Prophecy pages 8 10 from History Today Volume 42 Issue 9 September 1992 page 9 Davies Robert William Edward Hallett Carr 1892 1982 pages 473 511 from Proceedings of the British Academy Volume 69 1983 page 489 Haslam Jonathan We Need a Faith E H Carr 1892 1982 pages 36 39 from History Today Volume 33 August 1983 page 37 Hasler Charles 1980 The Royal Arms Its Graphic And Decorative Development Jupiter Books p 302 ISBN 978 0904041200 a b Stewart 2005 p 63 Company history Thomson Reuters www thomsonreuters com Retrieved 11 October 2021 BBC ON THIS DAY 13 1979 Times returns after year long dispute 13 November 1979 About us The Times amp The Sunday Times 26 April 2019 Retrieved 11 October 2021 McIlwraith John Holmes a Court Michael Robert 1937 1990 Australian Dictionary of Biography National Centre of Biography Australian National University Retrieved 11 October 2021 a b Stewart Graham 2005 The History of the Times The Murdoch years 1981 2002 HarperCollins p 45 ISBN 0 00 718438 7 a b Murdoch wins preliminary backing to merge his Times titles BBC News Online 11 April 2019 Retrieved 12 April 2019 a b Stewart p 51 Hamilton Alan The Times bids farewell to old technology The Times 1 May 1982 p 2 col C Evans Harold 1984 Good Times Bad Times London Weidenfeld amp Nicolson p 182 ISBN 978 0 297 78295 7 Fisk Robert 2005 The Great War for Civilisation The Conquest of the Middle East London Fourth Estate pp 329 334 ISBN 1 84115 007 X Viewpoint UK war reporter Robert Fisk BBC News 3 December 2005 Archived from the original on 8 December 2005 Robert Fisk Why I had to leave The Times The Independent 11 July 2011 Block Mervin 1997 Writing Broadcast News Shorter Sharper Stronger Bonus Books Inc ISBN 978 1 56625 084 9 Glover Stephen 29 November 2003 The Times has gone tabloid where will the broadsheet revolution end The Spectator Retrieved 29 December 2019 Snoddy Raymond 1 November 2004 Why the Times had to change The Independent Archived from the original on 20 June 2022 Retrieved 29 December 2019 From our own correspondents The Times 6 June 2005 ISSN 0140 0460 Retrieved 28 December 2019 Minute of the meeting with Mr Rupert Murdoch Chairman and Chief Executive Officer News Corporation Inquiry into Media Ownership and the News House of Commons Select Committee on Communications 17 September 2007 p 10 Archived from the original on 1 December 2007 Tryhorn Chris 8 October 2004 Fortress Wapping to Waltham Cross as News International moves its presses The Guardian ISSN 0261 3077 Retrieved 28 December 2019 Rawlinson Kevin 30 March 2016 The Times drops online rolling news for four editions a day The Guardian Retrieved 16 April 2018 The Times and The Sunday Times launch new website and apps News UK 30 March 2016 Retrieved 16 April 2018 a b Ruling www ipso co uk Wright Jeremy Media Matters Written statement HCWS1677 www parliament uk Retrieved 28 June 2019 08527 19 O Nion v The Times IPSO 08417 19 Cooney et al v The Times IPSO Retrieved 11 October 2021 04817 19 Wilson v Sunday Times IPSO Mark Sweney 14 April 2016 The Times increases cover price by 20p the first rise in two years The Guardian Retrieved 9 September 2016 McCafferty Bridgit Hartsell Gundy Arianne 2 September 2015 Literary Research and British Postmodernism Strategies and Sources Rowman amp Littlefield p 117 ISBN 978 1 4422 5417 6 Guldberg Helene 7 May 2009 Reclaming Childhood Freedom and Play in an Age of Fear Routledge p 17 ISBN 978 1 135 22626 8 Brook Stephen 17 February 2010 Times set to axe Times2 supplement as staff await news of job cuts The Guardian ISSN 0261 3077 Retrieved 28 December 2019 Ponsford Dominic 3 March 2010 Times2 is axed five years after launch New Statesman Retrieved 28 December 2019 a b Plunkett John 11 October 2010 Times revives Times2 supplement The Guardian ISSN 0261 3077 Retrieved 28 December 2019 BBC Young Musician of the Year Competition www bbc co uk Retrieved 28 December 2019 The Game The Times News UK The Bridge newscommercial co uk Archived from the original on 7 March 2020 Retrieved 28 December 2019 Full History of the Times Newspaper Historic Newspapers 13 November 2019 Retrieved 5 November 2020 Carpenter Louise 14 November 2015 What Nadiya did next The Times ISSN 0140 0460 Retrieved 28 December 2019 Times and Sunday Times websites to charge from June BBC News 26 March 2010 Times and Sunday Times readership falls after paywall BBC News 2 November 2010 Retrieved 2 November 2010 Hindle Debbie 6 April 2009 Times Online travel editor insight BGB Archived from the original on 3 March 2013 Retrieved 11 February 2015 Digital subscribers to The Times and The Sunday Times continue to grow Press release News International 14 October 2011 Archived from the original on 14 November 2012 Retrieved 11 February 2015 Nic Newman 2021 United Kingdom Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism Walter John Academic American Encyclopedia Vol 20 Grolier 1985 p 19 ISBN 978 0 7172 2008 3 Marjoribanks Timothy 2000 News Corporation Technology and the Workplace Global Strategies Local Change Cambridge University Press pp 102 ISBN 978 0 521 77535 9 Ponsford Dominic 30 September 2013 Times and Sunday Times merger ruled out as directors finally approve appointments of Witherow and Ivens Press Gazette Retrieved 29 December 2019 National daily newspaper circulation November 2005 The Guardian London Archived from the original on 14 November 2012 Retrieved 13 February 2012 Print ABCs Seven UK national newspapers losing print sales at more than 10 per cent year on year Press Gazette 23 January 2017 Retrieved 28 January 2017 The Daily Telegraph readership data News Works Archived from the original on 17 November 2014 Retrieved 12 April 2014 The Sun readership data News Works Archived from the original on 24 January 2015 Retrieved 12 April 2014 Daily Mail readership data News Works Archived from the original on 11 April 2014 Retrieved 12 April 2014 An analysis of The Times reader demographic based on NMA figures news agenda and advertising in the paper can be seen in this study Archived 20 February 2010 at the Wayback Machine It was never called Times Old Roman Ultrasparky 19 August 2011 Morison 1953 A Tally of Types Cambridge University Press p 15 Loxley Simon 2006 Type the secret history of letters I B Tauris pp 130 131 ISBN 1 84511 028 5 Carter H G 2004 Morison Stanley Arthur 1889 1967 Oxford Dictionary of National Biography rev David McKitterick Oxford University Press TYPOlis Times New Roman Typolis de 3 October 1932 Retrieved 8 April 2014 Dawson Peter 17 December 2019 The Essential Type Directory A Sourcebook of Over 1 800 Typefaces and Their Histories Running Press p 345 ISBN 978 0 7624 6851 5 a b c Driver David 20 November 2006 After 221 years the world s leading newspaper shows off a fresh face The Times Retrieved 23 June 2018 Typography of News Bigger faster better Fontshop com Retrieved 8 April 2014 Times Font Family Typeface Story Fonts com Retrieved 11 October 2021 Neville Brody s Research Studios Creates New Font and Design Changes for The Times as Compact Format Continues to Attract Loyal Readership London PR Newswire 15 November 2006 Retrieved 8 April 2014 Allan Nevins American Journalism and Its Historical Treatment Journalism Quarterly 1959 36 4 pp 411 22 R B McCallum and Alison Readman The British General Election of 1945 Oxford University Press 1947 p 181 2 David Butler and Dennis Kavanagh The British General Election of 1997 Macmillan London 1997 p 156 Lancaster Dave 1 October 2009 Which political parties do the newspapers support Supanet Retrieved 27 October 2010 Voting intention by newspaper readership Ipsos MORI 9 March 2005 Retrieved 18 July 2009 a b Stoddard Katy 4 May 2010 Newspaper support in UK general elections The Guardian London Retrieved 27 October 2010 Smith Matthew 7 March 2017 How left or right wing are the UK s newspapers YouGov YouGov Retrieved 14 September 2020 America Decides The Times London 1 November 2012 Retrieved 31 December 2021 The Times view on the next prime minister Boris Johnson at No 10 The Times 6 July 2019 ISSN 0140 0460 Retrieved 29 September 2019 The Times s endorsement for the general election Back to the Future The Times 11 December 2019 Retrieved 13 April 2020 Charlotte Tobitt 12 December 2019 Times apologises and pays libel damages to imam who appeared on BBC debate Press Gazette Retrieved 14 December 2020 Sabin Lamiat 4 December 2020 The Times pays 30k damages over article defaming Muslim activists Morning Star Retrieved 8 December 2020 The Times pays 30 000 libel damages to former Guantanamo detainee and CAGE and issues apology for linking them to Reading suspected terror attack Doughty Street Chambers Retrieved 7 June 2021 Times pays damages to advocacy group falsely linked to Reading killer The Guardian 4 December 2020 Retrieved 7 June 2021 Smith Neil 17 September 2003 Female stars lead London festival BBC News Retrieved 20 July 2012 The Times and The Sunday Times Cheltenham Literature Festival Cheltenham Festivals Retrieved 28 December 2019 Power or Influence Can educational journalists make a difference 1997 Retrieved 23 January 2013 Irish edition of The Times launched Marketing ie 16 April 2018 Retrieved 16 April 2018 WATCH Gavan Reilly gives us an overall update from Midday GE16 Today FM Archived from the original on 19 October 2017 Retrieved 29 February 2016 The Ireland edition of The Times available in print www news co uk 24 May 2017 Retrieved 1 June 2017 Horgan Jones Jack Slattery Laura 21 May 2019 Times Ireland to make most editorial staff redundant The Irish Times The ultimate review of reviews London Evening Standard 6 November 2001 Retrieved 20 July 2012 Contact us TLS Retrieved 26 June 2022 Ramsay Fiona 2 October 2009 The Times launches science magazine Eureka Campaign Retrieved 29 December 2019 Turvill William 1 October 2012 News International confirms closure of Times science magazine Eureka Press Gazette Retrieved 29 December 2019 The Times Books our heritage Collins Archived from the original on 29 December 2019 Retrieved 29 December 2019 Case Jennifer M Huisman Jeroen 14 October 2015 Researching Higher Education International perspectives on theory policy and practice Routledge ISBN 978 1 317 38206 5 Shippey Tom 2016 Variations on Newspeak The Open Question of Nineteen Eighty Four Hard Reading Learning from Science Fiction Liverpool Science Fiction Texts and Studies Liverpool University Press p 233 ISBN 9781781384398 Lynskey Dorian 4 June 2019 The Ministry of Truth The Biography of George Orwell s 1984 Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group p 78 ISBN 978 0 385 54406 1 Stout Rex 12 May 2010 Murder by the Book Random House Publishing Group pp vi ISBN 978 0 307 75606 0 Stout Rex 28 April 2010 Triple Jeopardy Random House Publishing Group p 119 ISBN 978 0 307 75630 5 Mullan John 28 December 2002 Licence to sell The Guardian London Retrieved 20 July 2012 Further reading EditBingham Adrian The Times Digital Archive 1785 2006 Gale Cengage English Historical Review 2013 128 533 pp 1037 1040 doi 10 1093 ehr cet144 Evans Harold 1983 Good Times Bad Times Weidenfeld and Nicolson ISBN 0 297 78295 9 includes sections of black and white photographic plates plus a few charts and diagrams in text pages Merrill John C and Harold A Fisher The world s great dailies profiles of fifty newspapers 1980 pp 320 29 Morison Stanley The History of the Times Volume 1 The Thunderer in the Making 1785 1841 Volume 2 The Tradition Established 1841 1884 Volume 3 The Twentieth Century Test 1884 1912 Volume 4 published in two parts The 150th Anniversary and Beyond 1912 1948 1952 Riggs Bruce Timothy Geoffrey Dawson editor of The Times London and his contribution to the appeasement movement PhD dissertation U of North Texas 1993 online bibliography pp 229 33 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to The Times Wikisource has original text related to this article The Times Wikiquote has quotations related to The Times Times London England Collection at the Harry Ransom Center Official website Mobile The Sunday Times site Today s The Times front page at the Newseum website Works by or about The Times at Internet Archive archives Works by The Times at LibriVox public domain audiobooks Anthony Trollope s satire on the mid nineteenth century Times Journalism Now The Times Winchester University Journalism History project on The Times in the 19th century Times World Atlases official website including a History and Heritage section detailing landmark Times atlases Archive from 1785 to 2008 full text and original layout searchable not free of charge registration required Neil Andrew Griffiths Ian Fitzpatrick Barry 15 January 2006 Three views of the industrial dispute twenty years on The Observer UK The Times editor Robert Thomson lecture online From the editorial desk of The Times RMIT School of Applied Communication Public Lecture series Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title The Times amp oldid 1133194830, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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