Robert Wiene (German:[ˈviːnə]; 27 April 1873 – 17 July 1938) was a German film director, screenwriter and producer, active during the silent era. He is widely-known for directing the landmark 1920 film The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari and a succession of other expressionist films. Wiene also directed a variety of other films of varying styles and genres. Following the Nazi rise to power in Germany, Wiene, who was of Jewish descent,[1] fled into exile.
Robert Wiene was born in Breslau, in the German Province of Silesia (now the city of Wrocław in Poland), as the elder son of the successful theatre actor Karl Wiene. His younger brother Conrad also became an actor. Wiene spent his childhood in various cities throughout Central and Western Europe, including Vienna, Stuttgart, Dresden and Prague.
Prior to his directing career, Wiene at studied law at the University of Berlin and the University of Vienna.[citation needed] He practiced law in Weimar until 1908, when he moved back to Vienna to manage a theatre company. During this time, he also acted, in small parts on the stage.
Career in Austria and GermanyEdit
His first involvement with film was in 1912, writing and (possibly) directing Die Waffen der Jugend.[citation needed] In 1919, he co-founded with Heinz Hanus the Filmbund (Film Union), a professional association of Austrian filmmakers and one of the first organizations of its kind in Europe.[2]
Four months after the Nazis took power, Wiene's latest film, Taifun, was banned on 3 May 1933. A Hungarian film company had been inviting German directors to come to Budapest to make films in simultaneous German/Hungarian versions, and given his uncertain career prospects under the new German regime Wiene took up that offer in September to direct "One Night in Venice" (1934).[3] Wiene went later to London, and finally to Paris where together with Jean Cocteau he tried to produce a sound remake of The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari.[4]
Wiene never returned to Germany, although the reason is unclear. He had no connection to left-wing politics, and had collaborated with Nazi favorite Richard Strauss on "Der Rosenkavalier" in 1925. Although one German obituary identified him as a Jew, he had identified himself as a Protestant in Viennese university and residence records from 1894 through 1925.[3] In addition, Wiene had adapted from a novel and directed the 1923 silent religious film I.N.R.I., depicting in a conventional way the events preceding the crucifixion of Christ.[citation needed]
Wiene died in Paris ten days before the end of production of a spy film, Ultimatum, after having suffered from cancer. The film was finished by Wiene's friend Robert Siodmak.[citation needed]
Selected filmographyEdit
Only about 20 of the more than 90 movies in which Robert Wiene collaborated still exist:[5]
DirectorEdit
1912 Die Waffen der Jugend (The Weapons of Youth) {probably co-director of Friedrich Müller}
^Christian Rogowski, The Many Faces of Weimar Cinema: Rediscovering Germany's Filmic Legacy, Camden House (2010), p. 6
^Palfy, Isabella (1993). "Kino und Film in der ersten österreichischen Republik. Die Filmpublizistik der Tonfilmzeit von 1929-1938". Fakultät für Grund- und Integrativwissenschaften (Dissertation). Universität Wien (77).
^ abJung, Uli; Schatzberg, Walter (1993). "The Invisible Man behind "Caligari": The Life of Robert Wiene". Film History. 5 (1): 22–35. JSTOR 3815107.
^Robinson, David. Das Cabinet des Dr. Caligari. British Film Institute, 2004, p. 58.
^Uli Jung, Walter Schatzberg: Beyond Caligari – The Films of Robert Wiene. Berghahn Books, p. vi.
ReferencesEdit
Jung, Uli & Schatzberg, Walter. Beyond Caligari: The Films of Robert Wiene. Berghahn Books, 1999.
robert, wiene, german, ˈviːnə, april, 1873, july, 1938, german, film, director, screenwriter, producer, active, during, silent, widely, known, directing, landmark, 1920, film, cabinet, caligari, succession, other, expressionist, films, wiene, also, directed, v. Robert Wiene German ˈviːne 27 April 1873 17 July 1938 was a German film director screenwriter and producer active during the silent era He is widely known for directing the landmark 1920 film The Cabinet of Dr Caligari and a succession of other expressionist films Wiene also directed a variety of other films of varying styles and genres Following the Nazi rise to power in Germany Wiene who was of Jewish descent 1 fled into exile Robert WieneRobert Wiene in the early 1930sBorn 1873 04 27 27 April 1873Breslau Silesia German Empire present day Wroclaw Lower Silesian Voivodeship Poland Died17 July 1938 1938 07 17 aged 65 Paris FranceOccupationsFilm directorscreenwriterYears active1913 1938RelativesConrad Wiene brother Contents 1 Biography 1 1 Early life 1 2 Career in Austria and Germany 1 3 Exile and death 2 Selected filmography 2 1 Director 2 2 Writer 3 Notes 4 References 5 External linksBiography EditEarly life Edit Robert Wiene was born in Breslau in the German Province of Silesia now the city of Wroclaw in Poland as the elder son of the successful theatre actor Karl Wiene His younger brother Conrad also became an actor Wiene spent his childhood in various cities throughout Central and Western Europe including Vienna Stuttgart Dresden and Prague Prior to his directing career Wiene at studied law at the University of Berlin and the University of Vienna citation needed He practiced law in Weimar until 1908 when he moved back to Vienna to manage a theatre company During this time he also acted in small parts on the stage Career in Austria and Germany Edit His first involvement with film was in 1912 writing and possibly directing Die Waffen der Jugend citation needed In 1919 he co founded with Heinz Hanus the Filmbund Film Union a professional association of Austrian filmmakers and one of the first organizations of its kind in Europe 2 His most memorable feature films are the horror film The Cabinet of Dr Caligari 1920 and Raskolnikow 1923 an adaptation of Dostoyevsky s Crime and Punishment both of which had a deep influence on the German cinema of that time citation needed Exile and death Edit Four months after the Nazis took power Wiene s latest film Taifun was banned on 3 May 1933 A Hungarian film company had been inviting German directors to come to Budapest to make films in simultaneous German Hungarian versions and given his uncertain career prospects under the new German regime Wiene took up that offer in September to direct One Night in Venice 1934 3 Wiene went later to London and finally to Paris where together with Jean Cocteau he tried to produce a sound remake of The Cabinet of Dr Caligari 4 Wiene never returned to Germany although the reason is unclear He had no connection to left wing politics and had collaborated with Nazi favorite Richard Strauss on Der Rosenkavalier in 1925 Although one German obituary identified him as a Jew he had identified himself as a Protestant in Viennese university and residence records from 1894 through 1925 3 In addition Wiene had adapted from a novel and directed the 1923 silent religious film I N R I depicting in a conventional way the events preceding the crucifixion of Christ citation needed Wiene died in Paris ten days before the end of production of a spy film Ultimatum after having suffered from cancer The film was finished by Wiene s friend Robert Siodmak citation needed Selected filmography EditOnly about 20 of the more than 90 movies in which Robert Wiene collaborated still exist 5 Director Edit 1912 Die Waffen der Jugend The Weapons of Youth probably co director of Friedrich Muller 1914 Er rechts sie links He This Way She That Way 1915 Die Konservenbraut The Canned Bride 1915 Der springende Hirsch oder Die Diebe von Gunsterburg The Leaping Stag directed together with Walter Turszinsky 1916 Hohen und Tiefen Highs and Lows Short film 1916 Frau Eva Mrs Eva 1916 Der Liebesbrief der Konigin The Queen s Love Letter 1916 Der Sekretar der Konigin The Queen s Secretary 1916 Das wandernde Licht The Wandering Light 1916 Die Rauberbraut The Robber Bride 1916 Der Mann im Spiegel The Man in the Mirror 1916 Lehmanns Brautfahrt Lehmann s Honeymoon 1917 Das Leben ein Traum Life Is a Dream 1917 Der standhafte Benjamin Steadfast Benjamin 1917 Veilchen Nr 4 Violet no 4 probably director 1917 Furcht Fear 1920 Das Cabinet des Dr Caligari The Cabinet of Dr Caligari 1920 Die drei Tanze der Mary Wilford The Three Dances of Mary Wilford 1920 Genuine Genuine 1920 Die Nacht der Konigin Isabeau The Night of Queen Isabeau 1920 Der Schrecken im Hause Ardon Panic in the House of Ardon 1921 Die Rache einer Frau A Woman s Revenge 1922 Die hollische Macht The Infernal Power 1923 Raskolnikow Raskolnikow 1923 Der Puppenmacher von Kiang Ning The Doll Maker of Kiang Ning 1923 I N R I I N R I 1924 Orlac s Hande The Hands of Orlac 1924 Pension Groonen Boarding House Groonen 1925 Der Leibgardist Der Gardeoffizier The Guardsman 1926 Der Rosenkavalier Der Rosenkavalier 1926 Die Konigin vom Moulin Rouge The Queen of Moulin Rouge 1927 Die Geliebte The Mistress 1927 Die beruhmte Frau The Famous Woman 1928 Die Frau auf der Folter The Woman on the Rack 1928 Leontines Ehemanner Leontine s Husbands 1928 Die grosse Abenteuerin The Great Adventuress 1928 Unfug der Liebe Folly of Love 1930 Der Andere The Other 1930 Le procureur Hallers The Prosecutor Hallers 1931 Nuits de Venise co director Pierre Billon 1931 Der Liebesexpress The Love Express 1931 Panik in Chicago Panic in Chicago 1933 Polizeiakte 909 Taifun Typhoon 1934 Eine Nacht in Venedig One Night in Venice 1938 Ultimatum Ultimatum finished after his death by Robert Siodmak Writer Edit The Weapons of Youth 1913 The Marriage of Luise Rohrbach 1917 Frank Hansen s Fortune 1917 Imprisoned Soul 1917 The Princess of Neutralia 1917 Countess Kitchenmaid 1918 The Blue Lantern 1918 The Ringwall Family 1918 Put to the Test 1918 Precious Stones 1918 The Lady the Devil and the Model 1918 Agnes Arnau and Her Three Suitors 1918 The Homecoming of Odysseus 1918 Her Sport 1919 The Man of Action 1919 Victim of Society 1919 A Drive into the Blue 1919 The Living Dead 1919 Ruth s Two Husbands 1919 Diamonds 1920 Monika Vogelsang 1920 The Adventure of Doctor Kircheisen 1921 The Power of Darkness 1924 The Guardsman 1925 Strauss Is Playing Today 1928 Typhoon 1933 Notes Edit Christian Rogowski The Many Faces of Weimar Cinema Rediscovering Germany s Filmic Legacy Camden House 2010 p 6 Palfy Isabella 1993 Kino und Film in der ersten osterreichischen Republik Die Filmpublizistik der Tonfilmzeit von 1929 1938 Fakultat fur Grund und Integrativwissenschaften Dissertation Universitat Wien 77 a b Jung Uli Schatzberg Walter 1993 The Invisible Man behind Caligari The Life of Robert Wiene Film History 5 1 22 35 JSTOR 3815107 Robinson David Das Cabinet des Dr Caligari British Film Institute 2004 p 58 Uli Jung Walter Schatzberg Beyond Caligari The Films of Robert Wiene Berghahn Books p vi References EditJung Uli amp Schatzberg Walter Beyond Caligari The Films of Robert Wiene Berghahn Books 1999 External links EditRobert Wiene at IMDb Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Robert Wiene amp oldid 1173220522, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
