Wikipedia
March 14
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| March 14 in recent years |
| 2022 (Monday) |
| 2021 (Sunday) |
| 2020 (Saturday) |
| 2019 (Thursday) |
| 2018 (Wednesday) |
| 2017 (Tuesday) |
| 2016 (Monday) |
| 2015 (Saturday) |
| 2014 (Friday) |
| 2013 (Thursday) |
March 14 is the 73rd day of the year (74th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 292 days remain until the end of the year.
Events
Pre-1600
- 1074 – Battle of Mogyoród: Dukes Géza and Ladislaus defeat their cousin Solomon, King of Hungary, forcing him to flee to Hungary's western borderland.[1]
- 1590 – Battle of Ivry: Henry of Navarre and the Huguenots defeat the forces of the Catholic League under Charles, Duke of Mayenne, during the French Wars of Religion.[2]
1601–1900
- 1647 – Thirty Years' War: Bavaria, Cologne, France and Sweden sign the Truce of Ulm.[3]
- 1663 – According to his own account, Otto von Guericke completes his book Experimenta Nova (ut vocantur) Magdeburgica de Vacuo Spatio, detailing his experiments on vacuum and his discovery of electrostatic repulsion.[4]
- 1674 – The Third Anglo-Dutch War: The Battle of Ronas Voe results in the Dutch East India Company ship Wapen van Rotterdam being captured with a death toll of up to 300 Dutch crew and soldiers.[5]
- 1757 – Admiral Sir John Byng is executed by firing squad aboard HMS Monarch for breach of the Articles of War.[6]
- 1780 – American Revolutionary War: Spanish forces capture Fort Charlotte in Mobile, Alabama, the last British frontier post capable of threatening New Orleans.[7]
- 1794 – Eli Whitney is granted a patent for the cotton gin.[8]
- 1885 – The Mikado, a light opera by W. S. Gilbert and Arthur Sullivan, receives its first public performance at the Savoy Theatre in London.[9]
- 1900 – The Gold Standard Act is ratified, placing the United States currency on the gold standard.[10]
1901–present
- 1901 – Utah governor Heber Manning Wells vetoes a bill that would have eased restriction on polygamy.[11]
- 1903 – Pelican Island National Wildlife Refuge, the first national wildlife refuge in the US, is established by President Theodore Roosevelt.[12]
- 1920 – In the second of the 1920 Schleswig plebiscites, about 80% of the population in Zone II votes to remain part of Weimar Germany.[13]
- 1926 – The El Virilla train accident, Costa Rica, kills 248 people and wounds another 93 when a train falls off a bridge over the Río Virilla between Heredia and Tibás.[14]
- 1931 – Alam Ara, India's first talking film, is released.[15]
- 1939 – Slovakia declares independence under German pressure.[16]
- 1942 – Anne Miller becomes the first American patient to be treated with penicillin, under the care of Orvan Hess and John Bumstead.[17]
- 1943 – The Holocaust: The liquidation of the Kraków Ghetto is completed.[18]
- 1945 – The R.A.F. drop the Grand Slam bomb in action for the first time, on a railway viaduct near Bielefeld, Germany.[19]
- 1951 – Korean War: United Nations troops recapture Seoul for the second time.[20]
- 1961 – A USAF B-52 bomber crashes near Yuba City, California whilst carrying nuclear weapons.[21]
- 1964 – Jack Ruby is convicted of killing Lee Harvey Oswald, the assumed assassin of John F. Kennedy.[22]
- 1967 – The body of U.S. President John F. Kennedy is moved to a permanent burial place at Arlington National Cemetery.[23]
- 1972 – Sterling Airways Flight 296 crashes near Kalba, United Arab Emirates while on approach to Dubai International Airport, killing 112 people.[24]
- 1978 – The Israel Defense Forces launch Operation Litani, a seven-day campaign to invade and occupy southern Lebanon.[25]
- 1979 – Alia Royal Jordanian Flight 600 crashes at Doha International Airport, killing 45 people.[26]
- 1980 – LOT Polish Airlines Flight 007 crashes during final approach near Warsaw, Poland, killing 87 people, including a 14-man American boxing team.[27]
- 1982 – The South African government bombs the headquarters of the African National Congress in London.[28]
- 1988 – In the Johnson South Reef Skirmish Chinese forces defeat Vietnamese forces in an altercation over control of one of the Spratly Islands.[29]
- 1995 – Norman Thagard becomes the first American astronaut to ride to space on board a Russian launch vehicle.[30]
- 2006 – The 2006 Chadian coup d'état attempt ends in failure.[31]
- 2007 – The Nandigram violence in Nandigram, West Bengal, results in the deaths of at least 14 people.[32]
- 2008 – A series of riots, protests, and demonstrations erupt in Lhasa and subsequently spread elsewhere in Tibet.[33]
- 2017 – A naming ceremony for the chemical element nihonium takes place in Tokyo, with then Crown Prince Naruhito in attendance.[34][35]
- 2019 – Cyclone Idai makes landfall near Beira, Mozambique, causing devastating floods and over 1,000 deaths.[36]
- 2021 – Burmese security forces kill at least 65 civilians in the Hlaingthaya massacre[37]
Births
Pre-1600
None
1601–1900
- 1638 – Johann Georg Gichtel, German mystic (d. 1710)[38]
- 1737 – Ioan Nicolidi of Pindus, Aromanian physician and noble (d. 1828)[39]
- 1790 – Ludwig Emil Grimm, German painter and engraver (d. 1863)[40]
- 1800 – James Bogardus, American inventor and architect (d. 1874)[41]
- 1801 – Kristjan Jaak Peterson, Estonian poet (d. 1822)[42]
- 1804 – Johann Strauss I, Austrian composer and conductor (d. 1849)[43]
- 1813 – Joseph P. Bradley, American lawyer and jurist (d. 1892)[44]
- 1820 – Victor Emmanuel II of Italy (d. 1878)[45]
- 1822 – Teresa Cristina of the Two Sicilies (d. 1889)[46]
- 1823 – Théodore de Banville, French poet and critic (d. 1891)[47]
- 1833 – Frederic Shields, English painter and illustrator (d. 1911)[48]
- 1833 – Lucy Hobbs Taylor, American dentist and educator (d. 1910)[49]
- 1835 – Giovanni Schiaparelli, Italian astronomer and historian (d. 1910)[50]
- 1836 – Isabella Beeton, English author of Mrs Beeton's Book of Household Management (d. 1865)[51]
- 1837 – Charles Ammi Cutter, American librarian (d. 1903)[52]
- 1844 – Umberto I of Italy (d. 1900)[53]
- 1844 – Arthur O'Shaughnessy, English poet and herpetologist (d. 1881)[54]
- 1847 – Castro Alves, Brazilian poet and playwright (d. 1871)[55]
- 1853 – Ferdinand Hodler, Swiss painter (d. 1918)[56]
- 1854 – Paul Ehrlich, German physician and biologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1915)[57]
- 1854 – John Lane, English publisher, co-founded The Bodley Head (d. 1925)[58]
- 1854 – Alexandru Macedonski, Romanian author and poet (d. 1920)[59]
- 1854 – Thomas R. Marshall, American lawyer and politician, 28th Vice President of the United States of America (d. 1925)[60]
- 1862 – Vilhelm Bjerknes, Norwegian physicist and meteorologist (d. 1951)[61]
- 1863 – Casey Jones, American engineer (d. 1900)[62]
- 1868 – Emily Murphy, Canadian jurist, author, and activist (d. 1933)[63]
- 1869 – Algernon Blackwood, English author and playwright (d. 1951)[64]
- 1874 – Anton Philips, Dutch businessman, co-founded Philips Electronics (d. 1951)[65]
- 1879 – Albert Einstein, German-American physicist, engineer, and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1955)[49]
- 1882 – Wacław Sierpiński, Polish mathematician and academic (d. 1969)[66]
- 1885 – Raoul Lufbery, French-American soldier and pilot (d. 1918)[67]
- 1886 – Firmin Lambot, Belgian cyclist (d. 1964)[68]
- 1887 – Sylvia Beach, American-French bookseller and publisher, who founded Shakespeare and Company (d. 1962)[69]
- 1898 – Reginald Marsh, French-American painter and illustrator (d. 1954)[70]
- 1899 – K. C. Irving, Canadian businessman, founded Irving Oil (d. 1992)[71]
1901–present
- 1901 – Sid Atkinson, South African hurdler and long jumper (d. 1977)[72]
- 1903 – Adolph Gottlieb, American painter and sculptor (d. 1974)[73]
- 1904 – Doris Eaton Travis, American actress and dancer (d. 2010)[74]
- 1905 – Raymond Aron, French journalist, sociologist, and philosopher (d. 1983)[75]
- 1906 – Ulvi Cemal Erkin, Turkish composer and educator (d. 1972)[76]
- 1908 – Ed Heinemann, American designer of military aircraft (d. 1991)[77]
- 1908 – Maurice Merleau-Ponty, French philosopher and academic (d. 1961)[78]
- 1908 – Philip Conrad Vincent, English engineer and businessman, founded Vincent Motorcycles (d. 1979)[79]
- 1911 – Akira Yoshizawa, Japanese origamist (d. 2005)[80]
- 1912 – Cliff Bastin, English footballer (d. 1991)[81]
- 1912 – Les Brown, American saxophonist, composer, and bandleader (d. 2001)[82]
- 1912 – W. Graham Claytor, Jr. American lieutenant, lawyer, and politician, 15th United States Secretary of the Navy (d. 1994)[83]
- 1912 – W. Willard Wirtz, American lawyer and politician, 10th United States Secretary of Labor (d. 2010)[84]
- 1914 – Lee Hays, American singer-songwriter (d. 1981)[85]
- 1914 – Bill Owen, English actor and songwriter (d. 1999)[86]
- 1914 – Lee Petty, American race car driver and businessman, founded Petty Enterprises (d. 2000)[87]
- 1915 – Alexander Brott, Canadian violinist, composer, and conductor (d. 2005)[88]
- 1916 – Horton Foote, American author, playwright, and screenwriter (d. 2009)[49]
- 1917 – Alan Smith, English lieutenant and pilot (d. 2013)[89]
- 1918 – Zoia Horn, American librarian (d. 2014)[90]
- 1919 – Max Shulman, American author and screenwriter (d. 1988)[91]
- 1920 – Hank Ketcham, American author and cartoonist, created Dennis the Menace (d. 2001)[92]
- 1920 – Dorothy Tyler-Odam, English high jumper (d. 2014)[93]
- 1921 – S. Truett Cathy, American businessman, founded Chick-fil-A (d. 2014)[94]
- 1921 – Ada Louise Huxtable, American author and critic (d. 2013)[95]
- 1922 – Les Baxter, American pianist and composer (d. 1996)[96]
- 1923 – Diane Arbus, American photographer (d. 1971)[97]
- 1925 – William Clay Ford, Sr., American businessman (d. 2014)[98]
- 1925 – Joseph A. Unanue, American sergeant and businessman (d. 2013)[99]
- 1926 – François Morel, Canadian pianist, composer, conductor, and educator (d. 2018)[100]
- 1928 – Frank Borman, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut[49]
- 1928 – Félix Rodríguez de la Fuente, Spanish environmentalist (d. 1980)[101]
- 1929 – Bob Goalby, American golfer (d. 2022)[102]
- 1932 – Mark Murphy, American singer-songwriter and actor (d. 2015)[103]
- 1932 – Naina Yeltsina, Russian wife of Boris Yeltsin, First Lady of Russia[104]
- 1933 – Michael Caine, English actor[49]
- 1933 – Quincy Jones, American singer-songwriter, trumpet player, and producer[49]
- 1934 – Eugene Cernan, American captain, pilot, and astronaut (d. 2017)[105]
- 1934 – Paul Rader, American 15th General of The Salvation Army[106]
- 1936 – Bob Charles, New Zealand golfer[107]
- 1937 – Peter van der Merwe, South African cricketer and referee (d. 2013)[108]
- 1938 – Eleanor Bron, English actress and screenwriter[109]
- 1938 – Jan Crouch, American televangelist, co-founder of the Trinity Broadcasting Network (d. 2016)[110]
- 1938 – John Gleeson, Australian cricketer (d. 2016)[111]
- 1938 – Árpád Orbán, Hungarian footballer (d. 2008)[112][113]
- 1939 – Raymond J. Barry, American actor[114]
- 1939 – Bertrand Blier, French director and screenwriter[115]
- 1939 – Yves Boisset, French director and screenwriter[116]
- 1941 – Wolfgang Petersen, German-American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2022)[117]
- 1942 – Rita Tushingham, English actress[49]
- 1943 – Anita Morris, American actress and singer (d. 1994)[118]
- 1944 – Boris Brott, Canadian composer and conductor[119]
- 1944 – Václav Nedomanský, Czech ice hockey player and manager[120]
- 1944 – Bobby Smith, English footballer and manager[121]
- 1944 – Tom Stannage, Australian historian and academic (d. 2012)[122]
- 1945 – Jasper Carrott, English comedian, actor, and game show host[123]
- 1945 – Michael Martin Murphey, American singer-songwriter and guitarist[124]
- 1945 – Walter Parazaider, American saxophonist[125]
- 1946 – William Lerach, American securities and class action attorney[126]
- 1946 – Wes Unseld, American basketball player, coach, and manager (d. 2020)[127]
- 1947 – Roy Budd, English pianist and composer (d. 1993)[128]
- 1947 – William J. Jefferson, American lawyer and politician[129]
- 1947 – Jona Lewie, English singer-songwriter and keyboard player[130]
- 1948 – Tom Coburn, American physician and politician (d. 2020)[131]
- 1948 – Billy Crystal, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter[49]
- 1948 – Theo Jansen, Dutch sculptor[132]
- 1950 – Rick Dees, American actor and radio host[49]
- 1951 – Jerry Greenfield, American businessman and philanthropist, co-founded Ben & Jerry's[133]
- 1953 – Nick Keir, Scottish singer-songwriter (d. 2013)[134]
- 1955 – Jonathan Kaufer, American director and screenwriter (d. 2013)[135]
- 1956 – Indu Malhotra, Judge of the Supreme Court of India[136]
- 1956 – Alexey Pajitnov, Russian video game designer and computer engineer, creator of Tetris[137]
- 1956 – Butch Wynegar, American baseball player and coach[138]
- 1957 – Tad Williams, American author[139]
- 1958 – Albert II, Prince of Monaco[140]
- 1959 – Laila Robins, American actress[141]
- 1959 – Tamara Tunie, American actress[49]
- 1960 – Heidi Hammel, American astronomer and academic[142]
- 1960 – Kirby Puckett, American baseball player (d. 2006)[143]
- 1961 – Garry Jack, Australian rugby league player and coach[144]
- 1961 – Mike Lazaridis, Greek–Canadian businessman and philanthropist, founded BlackBerry Limited[145]
- 1963 – Bruce Reid, Australian cricketer and coach[146]
- 1965 – Kevin Brown, American baseball player and coach[147]
- 1965 – Aamir Khan, Indian film actor, producer, and director[148]
- 1965 – Billy Sherwood, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer[149]
- 1965 – Kevin Williamson, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter[150]
- 1966 – Jonas Elmer, Danish actor, director, and screenwriter[151]
- 1966 – Elise Neal, American actress and producer[152]
- 1968 – Megan Follows, Canadian-American actress[153]
- 1969 – Larry Johnson, American basketball player and actor[154]
- 1970 – Kristian Bush, American singer-songwriter and guitarist[155]
- 1972 – Irom Chanu Sharmila, Indian poet and activist[156]
- 1973 – Rohit Shetty, Indian film director and producer[157]
- 1974 – Santino Marella, Canadian professional wrestler[158]
- 1974 – Patrick Traverse, Canadian ice hockey player[159]
- 1975 – Steve Harper, English footballer and referee[160]
- 1975 – Dmitri Markov, Belarusian-Australian pole vaulter[161]
- 1976 – Phil Vickery, English rugby player and sportscaster[162]
- 1977 – Vadims Fjodorovs, Latvian footballer and coach[163]
- 1977 – Naoki Matsuda, Japanese footballer (d. 2011)[164]
- 1977 – Jeremy Paul, New Zealand-Australian rugby player[165]
- 1978 – Pieter van den Hoogenband, Dutch swimmer[166]
- 1979 – Nicolas Anelka, French footballer and manager[167]
- 1979 – Chris Klein, American actor[168]
- 1979 – Sead Ramović, German-Bosnian footballer[169]
- 1980 – Aaron Brown, English footballer and coach[170]
- 1980 – Ben Herring, New Zealand rugby player[171]
- 1981 – Bobby Jenks, American baseball player[49]
- 1981 – George Wilson, American football player[172]
- 1982 – Carlos Marinelli, Argentinian footballer[173]
- 1982 – François Sterchele, Belgian footballer (d. 2008)[174]
- 1983 – Bakhtiyar Artayev, Kazakh boxer[175]
- 1986 – Elton Chigumbura, Zimbabwean cricketer[176]
- 1986 – Jessica Gallagher, Australian skier and cyclist[177]
- 1986 – Andy Taylor, English footballer[178]
- 1988 – Stephen Curry, American basketball player[49]
- 1988 – Rico Freimuth, German decathlete[179]
- 1989 – Kevin Lacroix, Canadian race car driver[180]
- 1990 – Joe Allen, Welsh footballer[181]
- 1990 – Tamás Kádár, Hungarian footballer[182]
- 1990 – Haru Kuroki, Japanese actress[183]
- 1990 – Kolbeinn Sigþórsson, Icelandic footballer[184]
- 1991 – Emir Bekrić, Serbian hurdler[185]
- 1991 – László Szűcs, Hungarian footballer[186]
- 1991 – Steven Zellner, German footballer[187]
- 1993 – Philipp Ziereis, German footballer[188]
- 1994 – Ansel Elgort, American actor and DJ[189]
- 1996 – Batuhan Altıntaş, Turkish footballer[190]
- 1997 – Simone Biles, American gymnast[191]
- 2000 – Paige Rini, Canadian water skier[192]
- 2008 – Abby Ryder Fortson, American actress[193]
Deaths
Pre-1600
- 840 – Einhard, Frankish scholar[194]
- 968 – Matilda of Ringelheim, Saxon queen (b. c. 896)[195]
- 1555 – John Russell, 1st Earl of Bedford (b. 1485)[196]
1601–1900
- 1647 – Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange (b. 1584)[197]
- 1648 – Ferdinando Fairfax, 2nd Lord Fairfax of Cameron, English general and politician (b. 1584)[198]
- 1696 – Jean Domat, French lawyer and jurist (b. 1625)[199]
- 1748 – George Wade, Irish field marshal and politician (b. 1673)[200]
- 1757 – John Byng, British admiral and politician, 11th Commodore Governor of Newfoundland (b. 1704)[6]
- 1791 – Johann Salomo Semler, German historian and critic (b. 1725)[201]
- 1803 – Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock, German poet (b. 1724)[202]
- 1811 – Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton, English academic and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1735)[203]
- 1823 – Charles François Dumouriez, French general and politician, French Minister of War (b. 1739)[204]
- 1860 – Carl Ritter von Ghega, Italian engineer, designed the Semmering railway (b. 1802)[205]
- 1877 – Juan Manuel de Rosas, Argentinian general and politician, 17th Governor of Buenos Aires Province (b. 1793)[206]
- 1883 – Karl Marx, German philosopher and theorist (b. 1818)[207]
- 1884 – Quintino Sella, Italian economist and politician, Italian Minister of Finances (b. 1827)[208]
1901–present
- 1921 – Bernard Ryan executed Irish republican (b. 1901)[209]
- 1923 – Charlie Daly, Executed Irish republican (b. 1896)[210]
- 1932 – George Eastman, American inventor and businessman, founded Eastman Kodak (b. 1854)[211]
- 1932 – Frederick Jackson Turner, American historian (b. 1861)[212]
- 1941 – C. R. M. F. Cruttwell, English historian (b. 1887)[213]
- 1953 – Klement Gottwald, Czechoslovak Communist politician and 14th President of Czechoslovakia (b. 1896)[214]
- 1957 – Evagoras Pallikarides, Cypriot activist (b. 1938)[215]
- 1965 – Marion Jones Farquhar, American tennis player (b. 1879)[216]
- 1968 – Erwin Panofsky, German historian and academic (b. 1892)[217]
- 1969 – Ben Shahn, Lithuanian-American painter, illustrator, and educator (b. 1898)[218]
- 1973 – Howard H. Aiken, American computer scientist and engineer (b. 1900)[219]
- 1973 – Chic Young, American cartoonist (b. 1901)[220]
- 1975 – Susan Hayward, American actress (b. 1917)[221]
- 1976 – Busby Berkeley, American director and choreographer (b. 1895)[222]
- 1977 – Fannie Lou Hamer, American activist and philanthropist (b. 1917)[223]
- 1980 – Mohammad Hatta, Indonesian politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Indonesia (b. 1902)[224]
- 1980 – Félix Rodríguez de la Fuente, Spanish environmentalist (b. 1928)[101]
- 1984 – Hovhannes Shiraz, Armenian poet (b. 1915)[225]
- 1989 – Zita of Bourbon-Parma, Empress of Austria and Queen of Hungary (b. 1892)[226]
- 1991 – Howard Ashman, American playwright and composer (b. 1950)[227]
- 1995 – William Alfred Fowler, American physicist and astronomer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1911)[228]
- 1997 – Fred Zinnemann, Austrian-American director and producer (b. 1907)[229]
- 1999 – Kirk Alyn, American actor (b. 1910)[230]
- 1999 – John Broome, American author (b. 1913)[231]
- 2003 – Jack Goldstein, Canadian-American painter (b. 1945)[232]
- 2003 – Jean-Luc Lagardère, French engineer and businessman (b. 1928)[233]
- 2006 – Lennart Meri, Estonian director and politician, 2nd President of Estonia (b. 1929)[234]
- 2007 – Lucie Aubrac, French educator and activist (b. 1912)[235]
- 2008 – Chiara Lubich, Italian activist, co-founded the Focolare Movement (b. 1920)[236]
- 2010 – Peter Graves, American actor (b. 1926)[237]
- 2012 – Pierre Schoendoerffer, French director and screenwriter (b. 1928)[238]
- 2012 – Ċensu Tabone, Maltese general and politician, 4th President of Malta (b. 1913)[239]
- 2013 – Jack Greene, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1930)[240]
- 2013 – Aramais Sahakyan, Armenian poet and author (b. 1936)[241]
- 2013 – Ieng Sary, Vietnamese-Cambodian politician, Cambodian Minister for Foreign Affairs (b. 1925)[242]
- 2014 – Tony Benn, English politician, Postmaster General of the United Kingdom (b. 1925)[243]
- 2014 – Meir Har-Zion, Israeli commander (b. 1934)[244]
- 2016 – John W. Cahn, German-American metallurgist and academic (b. 1928)[245]
- 2016 – Peter Maxwell Davies, English composer and conductor (b. 1934)[246]
- 2016 – Suranimala Rajapaksha, Sri Lankan lawyer and politician (b. 1949)[247]
- 2018 – Jim Bowen, English stand-up comedian and TV personality (b. 1937)[248]
- 2018 – Marielle Franco, Brazilian politician and human rights activist (b. 1979)[249]
- 2018 – Stephen Hawking, English physicist and author (b. 1942)[250]
- 2018 – Liam O'Flynn, Irish uileann piper (b. 1945)[251]
- 2019 – Jake Phelps, American skateboarder and Thrasher editor-in-chief (b. 1962)[252]
- 2019 – Charlie Whiting, British motorsport director (b. 1952)[253]
- 2019 – Haig Young, Canadian politician (b. 1928)[254]
- 2022 – Scott Hall, Professional wrestler (b. 1958)[255]
Holidays and observances
- Christian feast day:
- Constitution Day (Andorra)[258]
- Heroes' Day (Saint Vincent and the Grenadines)[259]
- Mother Tongue Day (Estonia)[260]
- Nanakshahi New Year, first day of the month of Chet (Sikhism)[261]
- Pi Day[262]
- Summer Day (Albania)[263]
- White Day on which men give gifts to women; complementary to Valentine's Day (Japan and other Asian nations)[264]
References
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- ^ Charles Oman (1937). A History of the Art of War in the Sixteenth Century. E.P. Dutton. p. 501. ISBN 978-0-598-49757-4.
- ^ Kenneth Meyer Setton (1991). Venice, Austria, and the Turks in the Seventeenth Century. American Philosophical Society. pp. 83. ISBN 978-0-87169-192-7.
- ^ Otto von Guericke (6 December 2012). The New (So-Called) Magdeburg Experiments of Otto Von Guericke. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 20. ISBN 978-94-011-2010-4.
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- ^ Chan, Hing Kai; Chan, Faith Ka Shun; O'Brien, David (2020). International Flows in the Belt and Road Initiative Context: Business, People, History and Geography. Springer Nature. p. 175. ISBN 978-981-15-3133-0. Retrieved 22 May 2020.
- ^ "NASA-1 Norm Thagard". history.nasa.gov. from the original on 21 January 2020. Retrieved 22 May 2020.
- ^ "Troops reportedly stop coup attempt". chicagotribune.com. 16 March 2006. Retrieved 22 May 2020.
- ^ Sen, Swagata (24 December 2009). "2007-Nandigram violence: A state of failure". India Today. from the original on 15 October 2019. Retrieved 22 May 2020.
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External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to March 14.
- BBC: On This Day
- The New York Times: On This Day
- Historical Events on March 14