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Wikipedia

Nevada

January 02, 2023

This article is about the U.S. state. For other uses, see Nevada (disambiguation).
"Silver State" redirects here. For other uses, see Silver State (disambiguation).

Nevada (/nəˈvædə/ nə-VAD-ə; Spanish: [neˈβaða]) is a state in the Western region of the United States.[c] It is bordered by Oregon to the northwest, Idaho to the northeast, California to the west, Arizona to the southeast, and Utah to the east. Nevada is the 7th-most extensive, the 32nd-most populous, and the 9th-least densely populated of the U.S. states. Nearly three-quarters of Nevada's people live in Clark County, which contains the Las Vegas–Paradise metropolitan area,[4] including three of the state's four largest incorporated cities.[5] Nevada's capital is Carson City. Las Vegas is the largest city in the state.

Nevada
State
State of Nevada
Flag
Seal
Nickname(s): 
The Silver State (official);
The Sagebrush State; The Battle Born State
Motto: 
All for Our Country
Anthem: "Home Means Nevada"
Map of the United States with Nevada highlighted
CountryUnited States
Before statehoodNevada Territory, Utah Territory, Arizona Territory
Admitted to the UnionOctober 31, 1864 (36th)
CapitalCarson City
Largest cityLas Vegas
Largest metro and urban areasLas Vegas Valley
Government
 • GovernorSteve Sisolak (D)
 • Lieutenant GovernorLisa Cano Burkhead (D)
LegislatureNevada Legislature
 • Upper houseSenate
 • Lower houseAssembly
JudiciarySupreme Court of Nevada
U.S. senatorsCatherine Cortez Masto (D)
Jacky Rosen (D)
U.S. House delegation1: Dina Titus (D)
2: Mark Amodei (R)
3: Susie Lee (D)
4: Steven Horsford (D) (list)
Area
 • Total110,577 sq mi (286,382 km2)
 • Land109,781.18 sq mi (284,332 km2)
 • Water791 sq mi (2,048 km2)  0.72%
 • Rank7th
Dimensions
 • Length492 mi (787 km)
 • Width322 mi (519 km)
Elevation
5,500 ft (1,680 m)
Highest elevation
(Boundary Peak[1][2][a][b])
13,147 ft (4,007.1 m)
Lowest elevation
(Colorado River at California border[2][a])
481 ft (147 m)
Population
 (2020)
 • Total3,104,614
 • Rank32nd
 • Density26.8/sq mi (10.3/km2)
  • Rank42nd
 • Median household income
$60,365[3]
 • Income rank
24th
DemonymNevadan
Language
 • Official languageEnglish[citation needed]
Time zones
most of stateUTC−08:00 (Pacific)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−07:00 (PDT)
West WendoverUTC−07:00 (Mountain)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−06:00 (MDT)
USPS abbreviation
NV
ISO 3166 codeUS-NV
Traditional abbreviationNev.
Latitude35° N to 42° N
Longitude114° 2′ W to 120° W
Websitewww.nv.gov
Nevada state symbols
Living insignia
BirdMountain bluebird (Sialia currucoides)
FishLahontan cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii henshawi)
FlowerSagebrush (Artemisia tridentata)
GrassIndian Rice Grass
InsectVivid Dancer Damselfly (Argia vivida)
MammalDesert bighorn sheep
ReptileDesert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii)
TreeBristlecone pine, Single-leaf Piñon (Pinus monophylla)
Inanimate insignia
ColorsSilver, Blue
FossilIchthyosaur (Shonisaurus popularis)
GemstoneVirgin Valley Black Fire Opal
MineralSilver
RockSandstone
SoilOrovada series
SongHome Means Nevada
OtherElement: Neon
State route marker
State quarter
Released in 2006
Lists of United States state symbols

Nevada is officially known as the "Silver State" because of the importance of silver to its history and economy. It is also known as the "Battle Born State" because it achieved statehood during the Civil War (the words "Battle Born" also appear on its state flag); Due to a presidency held by Abraham Lincoln the Union benefited immensly by it's the support of newly awarded statehood by the infusion of the monetary support of nearly $400 million in Silver ore generated at the time by the Comstock load [6]. Known also as the "Sagebrush State", for the native plant of the same name; and as the "Sage-hen State".[7] The name means "snowy" in Spanish, referring to Nevada's small overlap with the Sierra Nevada mountain range; however, the rest of Nevada is largely desert and semi-arid, much of it within the Great Basin. Areas south of the Great Basin are within the Mojave Desert, while Lake Tahoe and the Sierra Nevada lie on the western edge. About 86% of the state's land is managed by various jurisdictions of the U.S. federal government, both civilian and military.[8]

American Indians of the Paiute, Shoshone, and Washoe tribes inhabit what is now Nevada. The first Europeans to explore the region were Spanish. They called the region Nevada (snowy) because of the snow which covered the mountains in winter similar to the Sierra Nevada in Spain. The area formed part of Alta California's territory within the Viceroyalty of New Spain, which gained independence as Mexico in 1821. The United States annexed the area in 1848 after its victory in the Mexican–American War, and it was incorporated as part of Utah Territory in 1850. The discovery of silver at the Comstock Lode in 1859 led to a population boom that became an impetus to the creation of Nevada Territory out of western Utah Territory in 1861. Nevada became the 36th state on October 31, 1864, as the second of two states added to the Union during the Civil War (the first being West Virginia).[9]

Nevada has a reputation for its libertarian laws. In 1940, with a population of just over 110,000 people, Nevada was by far the least-populated state, with less than half the population of the next least-populous state, Wyoming.[10] However, legalized gambling and lenient marriage and divorce laws transformed Nevada into a major tourist destination in the 20th century.[11][12] Nevada is the only U.S. state where prostitution is legal, though it is illegal in its most populated regions – Clark County (Las Vegas), Washoe County (Reno) and Carson City (which, as an independent city, is not within the boundaries of any county). The tourism industry remains Nevada's largest employer,[13] with mining continuing as a substantial sector of the economy: Nevada is the fourth-largest producer of gold in the world.[14] Nevada is the driest state, and over time, and influenced by climate change, droughts in Nevada have been increasing in frequency and severity,[15] putting a further strain on Nevada's water security.

Etymology

The name "Nevada" comes from the Spanish adjective nevada [neˈβaða], meaning "snow-covered" or “snowy”.[16] The state takes its name from the Nevada Territory, which in turn was named for the Sierra Nevada.[17]

Nevadans pronounce the second syllable with the "a" of "apple" (/nɪˈvædə/) while some people from outside of the state pronounce it with the "a" of "palm" (/nɪˈvɑːdə/).[18] Although the quality, but not the length, of the latter pronunciation could be perceived as closer to the Spanish pronunciation ([æ] is near-low front, [ɑ] is low back and [a] is low front, though often retracted to central [ä] in Spanish), it is not the pronunciation used by Nevadans. State Assemblyman Harry Mortenson proposed a bill to recognize the alternative pronunciation of Nevada,[19] though the bill was not supported by most legislators and never received a vote. The Nevadan pronunciation is the one used by the state legislature. At one time, the state's official tourism organization, TravelNevada, stylized the name of the state as "Nevăda", with a breve over the a indicating the locally preferred pronunciation,[20] which was also available as a license plate design until 2007.[21]

History

Main article: History of Nevada
Further information: History of Las Vegas

Native American history

Before the arrival of Europeans, the earliest inhabitants were Native American tribes including the Goshute, the Southern Paiute people, the Mohave people, and the Wašišiw (Washoe people).[22][23]

Before 1861

Main articles: The Californias § History, and Alta California
Further information: Treaty of Córdoba, Declaration of Independence of the Mexican Empire, First Mexican Empire, Provisional Government of Mexico, First Mexican Republic, Centralist Republic of Mexico, Siete Leyes, and Definitive treaty of peace and friendship between Mexico and Spain
 
Mexico in 1824. Alta California included today's Nevada.

Francisco Garcés was the first European in the area.[24] Nevada was annexed as a part of the Spanish Empire in the northwestern territory of New Spain. Administratively, the area of Nevada was part of the Commandancy General of the Provincias Internas in the Viceroyalty of New Spain. Nevada became a part of Alta California (Upper California) province in 1804 when the Californias were split. With the Mexican War of Independence won in 1821, the province of Alta California became a territory (state) of Mexico, with a small population. Jedediah Smith entered the Las Vegas Valley in 1827, and Peter Skene Ogden traveled the Humboldt River in 1828. When the Mormons created the State of Deseret in 1847, they laid claim to all of Nevada within the Great Basin and the Colorado watershed. They also founded the first white settlement in what is now Nevada, Mormon Station (modern-day Genoa), in 1851. In June 1855, William Bringhurst and 29 fellow Mormon missionaries from Utah arrived at a site just northeast of downtown Las Vegas and built a 150-foot square adobe fort, the first permanent structure erected in the valley, which remained under the control of Salt Lake City until the winter of 1858–1859.

As a result of the Mexican–American War and the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, Mexico permanently lost Alta California in 1848. The new areas acquired by the United States continued to be administered as territories. As part of the Mexican Cession (1848) and the subsequent California Gold Rush that used Emigrant Trails through the area, the state's area evolved first as part of the Utah Territory, then the Nevada Territory (March 2, 1861; named for the Sierra Nevada).[25]

 
Sculpture representing a steam locomotive, in Ely, Nevada. Early locomotives played an important part in Nevada's mining industry.

The first discovery of a major U.S. deposit of silver ore occurred in Comstock Lode under Virginia City, Nevada, in 1859.

Separation from Utah Territory

Main articles: Utah Territory, Organic act § List of organic acts, Nevada Territory, and Nevada in the American Civil War
 
Nevada territory in 1861

On March 2, 1861, the Nevada Territory separated from the Utah Territory and adopted its current name, shortened from The Sierra Nevada (Spanish for "snow-covered mountain range"). The 1861 southern boundary is commemorated by Nevada Historical Markers 57 and 58 in Lincoln and Nye counties.

Statehood (1864)

Main articles: Admission to the Union, List of U.S. states by date of admission to the Union, Nevada in the American Civil War, and Constitution of Nevada

Eight days before the presidential election of 1864, Nevada became the 36th state in the Union, despite lacking the minimum 60,000 residents that Congress typically required a potential state to have in order to become a state.[26] (At the time, Nevada's population was little more than 10,000.) Governor Nye was frustrated that previous attempts to send the constitution via overland mail and by sea had failed by October 24, so on October 26 the full text was sent by telegraph at a cost of $4,303.27[27][d] – the most costly telegraph on file at the time for a single dispatch, equivalent to $74,556.44 in 2021. Finally, the response from Washington came on October 31, 1864: "the pain is over, the child is born, Nevada this day was admitted into the Union". Statehood was rushed to the date of October 31 to help ensure Abraham Lincoln's reelection on November 8 and post-Civil War Republican dominance in Congress,[28] as Nevada's mining-based economy tied it to the more industrialized Union. As it turned out, however, Lincoln and the Republicans won the election handily and did not need Nevada's help.

Nevada is one of only two states to significantly expand its borders after admission to the Union, with the other being Missouri, which acquired additional territory in 1837 due to the Platte Purchase. In 1866 another part of the western Utah Territory was added to Nevada in the eastern part of the state, setting the current eastern boundary. Nevada achieved its current southern boundaries on January 18, 1867, when it absorbed the portion of Pah-Ute County in the Arizona Territory west of the Colorado River, essentially all of present-day Nevada south of the 37th parallel. The transfer was prompted by the discovery of gold in the area, and officials thought Nevada would be better able to oversee the expected population boom. This area includes most of what is now Clark County and the Las Vegas metropolitan area.

Mining shaped Nevada's economy for many years (see Silver mining in Nevada). When Mark Twain lived in Nevada during the period described in Roughing It, mining had led to an industry of speculation and immense wealth. Both mining and population temporarily declined in the late 19th century. However, the rich silver strike at Tonopah in 1900, followed by strikes in Goldfield and Rhyolite, created a second mining boom in Nevada and Nevada's population.

Gambling and labor

Unregulated gambling was commonplace in the early Nevada mining towns but was outlawed in 1909 as part of a nationwide anti-gambling crusade. Because of subsequent declines in mining output and the decline of the agricultural sector during the Great Depression, Nevada again legalized gambling on March 19, 1931, with approval from the legislature. Governor Fred B. Balzar's signature enacted the most liberal divorce laws in the country and open gambling. The reforms came just eight days after the federal government presented the $49 million construction contract for Boulder Dam (now Hoover Dam).[29]

Nuclear testing

The Nevada Test Site, 65 miles (105 km) northwest of the city of Las Vegas, was founded on January 11, 1951, for the testing of nuclear weapons. The site consists of about 1,350 square miles (3,500 km2) of the desert and mountainous terrain. Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site began with a 1 kiloton of TNT (4.2 TJ) nuclear bomb dropped on Frenchman Flat on January 27, 1951. The last atmospheric test was conducted on July 17, 1962, and the underground testing of weapons continued until September 23, 1992. The location is known for having the highest concentration of nuclear-detonated weapons in the U.S.

Over 80% of the state's area is owned by the federal government. The primary reason for this is homesteads were not permitted in large enough sizes to be viable in the arid conditions that prevail throughout desert Nevada. Instead, early settlers would homestead land surrounding a water source, and then graze livestock on the adjacent public land, which is useless for agriculture without access to water (this pattern of ranching still prevails).

2020s

The COVID-19 pandemic was confirmed to have reached the U.S. state of Nevada on March 5, 2020. Because of concerns about coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Nevada governor Steve Sisolak declared a state of emergency on March 12, 2020. Four days later, Nevada reported its first death. On March 17, 2020, Sisolak ordered the closure of non-essential businesses in the state, to help prevent the spread of the coronavirus. Grocery stores were among the businesses considered essential, and restaurants were allowed to provide drive-thru, takeout, and delivery services. At the end of March 2020, Sisolak announced a 90-day moratorium on evictions and foreclosures for commercial and residential tenants. The moratorium would be extended several times over the next year.

Various protests were held against Sisolak's shutdown order beginning in April 2020. Las Vegas mayor Carolyn Goodman was also critical of the shutdown and its length, urging Sisolak to reopen the state. Goodman was widely criticized after suggesting that Las Vegas become a control group to test the effectiveness of social distancing. Nevada launched the first phase of its reopening on May 9, 2020. Restaurants, retailers, outdoor malls, and hair salons were among the businesses allowed to reopen, but with precautions in place, such as limiting occupancy to 50 percent. A second phase went into effect on May 29, 2020. It allowed for the reopening of state parks and businesses such as bars, gyms, and movie theaters. Casinos began reopening on June 4, 2020.

Geography

 
Mountains west of Las Vegas in the Mojave Desert
 
A valley near Pyramid Lake
 
Topographic map of Nevada

Nevada is almost entirely within the Basin and Range Province and is broken up by many north–south mountain ranges. Most of these ranges have endorheic valleys between them.

Much of the northern part of the state is within the Great Basin, a mild desert that experiences hot temperatures in the summer and cold temperatures in the winter. Occasionally, moisture from the Arizona Monsoon will cause summer thunderstorms; Pacific storms may blanket the area with snow. The state's highest recorded temperature was 125 °F (52 °C) in Laughlin (elevation of 605 feet or 184 meters) on June 29, 1994.[30] The coldest recorded temperature was −52 °F (−47 °C) set in San Jacinto in 1972, in the northeastern portion of the state.[30]

The Humboldt River crosses the state from east to west across the northern part of the state, draining into the Humboldt Sink near Lovelock. Several rivers drain from the Sierra Nevada eastward, including the Walker, Truckee, and Carson rivers. All of these rivers are endorheic basins, ending in Walker Lake, Pyramid Lake, and the Carson Sink, respectively. However, not all of Nevada is within the Great Basin. Tributaries of the Snake River drain the far north, while the Colorado River, which also forms much of the boundary with Arizona, drains much of southern Nevada.

The mountain ranges, some of which have peaks above 13,000 feet (4,000 m), harbor lush forests high above desert plains, creating sky islands for endemic species. The valleys are often no lower in elevation than 3,000 feet (910 m), while some in central Nevada are above 6,000 feet (1,800 m).

 
Little Finland rock formation in Nevada

The southern third of the state, where the Las Vegas area is situated, is within the Mojave Desert. The area receives less rain in the winter but is closer to the Arizona Monsoon in the summer. The terrain is also lower, mostly below 4,000 feet (1,200 m), creating conditions for hot summer days and cool to chilly winter nights.

Nevada and California have by far the longest diagonal line (in respect to the cardinal directions) as a state boundary at just over 400 miles (640 km). This line begins in Lake Tahoe nearly 4 miles (6.4 km) offshore (in the direction of the boundary), and continues to the Colorado River where the Nevada, California, and Arizona boundaries merge 12 miles (19 km) southwest of the Laughlin Bridge.

The largest mountain range in the southern portion of the state is the Spring Mountain Range, just west of Las Vegas. The state's lowest point is along the Colorado River, south of Laughlin.

Nevada has 172 mountain summits with 2,000 feet (610 m) of prominence. Nevada ranks second in the United States by the number of mountains, behind Alaska, and ahead of California, Montana, and Washington.[31]

Climate

Further information: Climate change in Nevada
 
Köppen climate types of Nevada, using 1991-2020 climate normals.

Nevada is the driest state in the United States.[32] It is made up of mostly desert and semi-arid climate regions, and, with the exception of the Las Vegas Valley, the average summer diurnal temperature range approaches 40 °F (22 °C) in much of the state. While winters in northern Nevada are long and fairly cold, the winter season in the southern part of the state tends to be of short duration and mild. Most parts of Nevada receive scarce precipitation during the year. The most rain that falls in the state falls on the east and northeast slopes of the Sierra Nevada.

The average annual rainfall per year is about 7 inches (180 mm); the wettest parts get around 40 inches (1,000 mm). Nevada's highest recorded temperature is 125 °F (52 °C) at Laughlin on June 29, 1994, and the lowest recorded temperature is −50 °F (−46 °C) at San Jacinto on January 8, 1937. Nevada's 125 °F (52 °C) reading is the third highest statewide record high temperature of a U.S. state, just behind Arizona's 128 °F (53 °C) reading and California's 134 °F (57 °C) reading.

Average daily maximum and minimum temperatures for selected cities in Nevada[33]
Location July (°F) July (°C) December (°F) December (°C)
Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min
Las Vegas 106 81 41 27 56 38 13 3
Reno 92 57 33 14 45 25 7 –4
Carson City 89 52 32 11 45 22 7 –5
Elko 90 50 32 10 37 14 2 –9
Fallon 92 54 33 12 45 19 7 –7
Winnemucca 93 52 34 11 41 17 5 –8
Laughlin 112 80 44 27 65 43 18 6

Flora and fauna

The vegetation of Nevada is diverse and differs by state area. Nevada contains six biotic zones: alpine, sub-alpine, ponderosa pine, pinion-juniper, sagebrush and creosotebush.[34]

Counties

Further information: List of counties in Nevada
 
The Las Vegas Strip looking South
 
Carson City Mint in Carson City. Carson City is an independent city and the capital of Nevada.

Nevada is divided into political jurisdictions designated as counties. Carson City is officially a consolidated municipality, meaning it legally functions as both a city and a county. As of 1919, there were 17 counties in the state, ranging from 146 to 18,159 square miles (380 to 47,030 km2).

Lake County, one of the original nine counties formed in 1861, was renamed Roop County in 1862. Part of the county became Lassen County, California, in 1864, resolving border uncertainty. In 1883, Washoe County annexed the portion that remained in Nevada.[35]

In 1969, Ormsby County was dissolved and the Consolidated Municipality of Carson City was created by the Legislature in its place coterminous with the old boundaries of Ormsby County.

Bullfrog County was formed in 1987 from part of Nye County. After the creation was declared unconstitutional, the county was abolished in 1989.[35]

Humboldt County was designated as a county in 1856 by Utah Territorial Legislature and again in 1861 by the new Nevada Legislature.

Clark County is the most populous county in Nevada, accounting for nearly three-quarters of its residents. Las Vegas, Nevada's most populous city, has been the county seat since the county was created in 1909 from a portion of Lincoln County, Nevada. Before that, it was a part of Arizona Territory. Clark County attracts numerous tourists: An estimated 44 million people visited Clark County in 2014.[36]

Washoe County is the second-most populous county of Nevada. Its county seat is Reno. Washoe County includes the Reno–Sparks metropolitan area.

Lyon County is the third most populous county. It was one of the nine original counties created in 1861. It was named after Nathaniel Lyon, the first Union General to be killed in the Civil War. Its current county seat is Yerington. Its first county seat was established at Dayton on November 29, 1861.[37]

Nevada counties
County name County seat Year founded 2021 population[38] Percent of total Area (mi2) Percent of total Population density (/mi2)
Carson City Carson City 1861 58,993 1.88 % 157 0.14 % 407.80
Churchill Fallon 1861 25,723 0.82 % 5,024 4.54 % 5.22
Clark Las Vegas 1908 2,292,476 72.92 % 8,061 7.29 % 290.52
Douglas Minden 1861 49,870 1.59 % 738 0.67 % 70.24
Elko Elko 1869 53,915 1.71 % 17,203 15.56 % 3.14
Esmeralda Goldfield 1861 743 0.02 % 3,589 3.25 % 0.21
Eureka Eureka 1869 1,903 0.06 % 4,180 3.78 % 0.46
Humboldt Winnemucca 1856/1861 17,648 0.56 % 9,658 8.73 % 1.83
Lander Battle Mountain 1861 5,734 0.18 % 5,519 4.99 % 1.04
Lincoln Pioche 1867 4,525 0.14 % 10,637 9.62 % 0.43
Lyon Yerington 1861 60,903 1.94 % 2,024 1.83 % 30.44
Mineral Hawthorne 1911 4,586 0.15 % 3,813 3.45 % 1.22
Nye Tonopah 1864 53,450 1.70 % 18,199 16.46 % 2.94
Pershing Lovelock 1919 6,741 0.21 % 6,067 5.49 % 1.12
Storey Virginia City 1861 4,143 0.13 % 264 0.24 % 15.75
Washoe Reno 1861 493,392 15.69 % 6,542 5.92 % 78.29
White Pine Ely 1869 9,182 0.29 % 8,897 8.05 % 1.03
Totals Counties: 17 3,143,991 110,572 28.64

Settlements

 
 
Largest cities or towns in Nevada
Source:[39]
Rank Name County Pop.
 
Las Vegas
 
Henderson 		1 Las Vegas Clark 641,903  
Reno
 
North Las Vegas
2 Henderson Clark 317,610
3 Reno Washoe 264,165
4 North Las Vegas Clark 262,527
5 Enterprise Clark 221,831
6 Spring Valley Clark 215,597
7 Sunrise Manor Clark 205,618
8 Paradise Clark 191,238
9 Sparks Washoe 108,445
10 Carson City Carson City 58,639

Parks and recreation areas

 
The quartzite of Doso Doyabi in Great Basin National Park

Recreation areas maintained by the federal government

Northern Nevada

Southern Nevada

Wilderness

Further information: List of wilderness areas in Nevada

There are 68 designated wilderness areas in Nevada, protecting some 6,579,014 acres (2,662,433 ha) under the jurisdiction of the National Park Service, U.S. Forest Service, and Bureau of Land Management.[40]

State parks

Further information: List of Nevada state parks

The Nevada state parks comprise protected areas managed by the state of Nevada, including state parks, state historic sites, and state recreation areas. There are 24 state park units, including Van Sickle Bi-State Park which opened in July 2011 and is operated in partnership with the state of California.[41]

Demographics

Population

See also: Hispanics and Latinos in Nevada and Basque Americans in Nevada
 
Population density map of Nevada
Historical population
Census Pop. %±
18606,857—
187042,941526.2%
188062,26645.0%
189047,355−23.9%
190042,335−10.6%
191081,87593.4%
192077,407−5.5%
193091,05817.6%
1940110,24721.1%
1950160,08345.2%
1960285,27878.2%
1970488,73871.3%
1980800,49363.8%
19901,201,83350.1%
20001,998,25766.3%
20102,700,55135.1%
20203,104,61415.0%
2021 (est.)3,143,9911.3%
Source: 1910–2020[42]

The United States Census Bureau determined Nevada had a population of 3,104,614 at the 2020 U.S. census. In 2021, the estimated population of Nevada was 3,143,991, an increase of 39,377 residents (1.27%) since the 2020 census.[43] Nevada had the highest percentage growth in population from 2017 to 2018. At the 2020 census, 6.0% of the state's population were reported as under 5, 22.5% were under 18, and 16.1% were 65 or older. Females made up about 49.8% of the population.

Since the 2020 census, the population of Nevada had a natural increase of 2,374 (the net difference between 42,076 births and 39,702 deaths); and an increase due to net migration of 36,605 (of which 34,280 was due to domestic and 2,325 was due to international migration).[44]

The center of population of Nevada is in southern Nye County.[45] In this county, the unincorporated town of Pahrump, 60 miles (97 km) west of Las Vegas on the California state line, has grown very rapidly from 1980 to 2020. At the 2020 census, the town had 44,738 residents.[46] Las Vegas grew from a gulch of 100 people in 1900 to 10,000 by 1950 to 100,000 by 1970, and was America's fastest-growing city and metropolitan area from 1960 to 2000.

From about the 1940s until 2003, Nevada was the fastest-growing state in the U.S. percentage-wise. Between 1990 and 2000, Nevada's population increased by 66%, while the nation's population increased by 13%. More than two-thirds of the population live in Clark County, which is coextensive with the Las Vegas metropolitan area. Thus, in terms of population, Nevada is one of the most centralized states in the nation.

Henderson and North Las Vegas are among the top 20 fastest-growing U.S. cities with populations over 100,000. The rural community of Mesquite 65 miles (105 km) northeast of Las Vegas was an example of micropolitan growth in the 1990s and 2000s. Other desert towns like Indian Springs and Searchlight on the outskirts of Las Vegas have seen some growth as well.

Since 1950, the rate of population born in Nevada has never peaked above 27 percent, the lowest rate of all states. In 2012, only 25% of Nevadans were born in Nevada.[47]

Ethnic composition as of the 2020 census
Race and Ethnicity[48] Alone Total
White (non-Hispanic) 45.9% 45.9
 
 50.6% 50.6
 
Hispanic or Latino[e] — 28.7% 28.7
 
Multiracial — 14.0% 14
 
African American (non-Hispanic) 9.4% 9.4
 
 11.1% 11.1
 
Asian 8.6% 8.6
 
 10.7% 10.7
 
Native American 0.8% 0.8
 
 2.1% 2.1
 
Pacific Islander 0.7% 0.7
 
 1.5% 1.5
 
Other 0.6% 0.6
 
 1.4% 1.4
 

According to the 2017 American Community Survey, 28.2% of Nevada's population were of Hispanic or Latino origin (of any race): Mexican (21.4%), Puerto Rican (0.9%), Cuban (1.0%), and other Hispanic or Latino origin (4.8%).[49] The five largest non-Hispanic White ancestry groups were: German (11.3%), Irish (9.0%), English (6.9%), Italian (5.8%), and American (4.7%).[49]

 
Map of counties in Nevada by racial plurality, per the 2020 census
Legend

In 1980, non-Hispanic whites made up 83.3% of the state's population.[50]

Nevada historical racial composition
Racial composition 1970[50] 1990[50] 2000[51] 2010[52]
White 86.7% 78.7% 65.2% 66.2%
Black 5.7% 6.6% 6.8% 8.1%
Asian 0.7% 3.2% 4.5% 7.2%
Native 1.6% 1.6% 1.3% 1.2%
Other race 0.3% 4.4% 8.0% 12.0%
Two or more races – – 3.8% 4.7%
Hispanic or Latino (of any race) 5.6% 10.4% 19.7% 26.5%

As of 2011, 63.6% of Nevada's population younger than age 1 were minorities.[53] Las Vegas is a majority-minority city. According to the United States Census Bureau estimates, as of July 1, 2018, non-Hispanic Whites made up 48.7% of Nevada's population.[54]

In Douglas, Mineral, and Pershing counties, a plurality of residents are of Mexican ancestry. In Nye County and Humboldt County, residents are mostly of German ancestry; Washoe County has many Irish Americans. Americans of English descent form pluralities in Lincoln County, Churchill County, Lyon County, White Pine County, and Eureka County.

Asian Americans lived in the state since the California Gold Rush of the 1850s brought thousands of Chinese miners to Washoe county. They were followed by a few hundred Japanese farmworkers in the late 19th century. By the late 20th century, many immigrants from China, Japan, Korea, the Philippines, Bangladesh, India, and Vietnam came to the Las Vegas metropolitan area. The city now has one of America's most prolific Asian American communities, with a mostly Chinese and Taiwanese area known as "Chinatown" west of I-15 on Spring Mountain Road. Filipino Americans form the largest Asian American group in the state, with a population of more than 113,000. They comprise 56.5% of the Asian American population in Nevada and constitute about 4.3% of the entire state's population.[55]

Mining booms drew many Greek and Eastern European immigrants to Nevada.[56] In the early twentieth century, Greeks, Slavs, Danes, Japanese, Italians, and Basques poured into Nevada.[57]

Native American tribes in Nevada are the Northern and Southern Paiute, Western Shoshone, Goshute, Hualapai, Washoe, and Ute tribes.[58]

Whites remain the largest racial or ethnic group in Nevada.[59] Hispanics are the fastest growing ethnic group in Nevada.[60] There is a growing Mexican and Central American population in Nevada. Many of Nevada’s Latino immigrants are from Mexico, Guatemala and El Salvador.[61] Nevada also has a growing multiracial population.[62]

The top countries of origin for immigrants in Nevada were Mexico (39.5 percent of immigrants), the Philippines (14.3 percent), El Salvador (5.2 percent), China (3.1 percent), and Cuba (3 percent).[63]

The most common ancestries in Nevada include Mexican, German, Irish, English, Italian and Asian.[64]

Nevada is the third most diverse state in the country, behind only Hawaii and California.[65][66]

Birth data

Note: Births within the table do not add up, due to Hispanics being counted both by their ethnicity and by their race, giving a higher overall number.

Live Births by Single Race/Ethnicity of Mother
Race 2013[67] 2014[68] 2015[69] 2016[70] 2017[71] 2018[72] 2019[73] 2020[74]
White 27,293 (77.9%) 27,638 (77.1%) 27,648 (76.2%) ... ... ... ... ...
non-Hispanic White 14,951 (42.7%) 15,151 (42.2%) 14,937 (41.2%) 13,918 (38.4%) 13,171 (36.8%) 13,021 (36.5%) 12,479 (35.6%) 11,602 (34.5%)
Black 4,215 (12.0%) 4,603 (12.8%) 4,803 (13.2%) 4,205 (11.6%) 4,471 (12.5%) 4,564 (12.8%) 4,514 (12.9%) 4,533 (13.5%)
Asian 3,097 (8.8%) 3,145 (8.8%) 3,337 (9.2%) 2,666 (7.3%) 2,685 (7.5%) 2,613 (7.3%) 2,587 (7.4%) 2,467 (7.3%)
Pacific Islander ... ... ... 308 (0.8%) 322 (0.9%) 340 (1.0%) 372 (1.1%) 358 (1.1%)
American Indian 425 (1.2%) 475 (1.3%) 510 (1.4%) 303 (0.8%) 305 (0.9%) 280 (0.8%) 277 (0.8%) 234 (0.7%)
Hispanic (of any race) 12,718 (36.3%) 13,006 (36.3%) 13,225 (36.4%) 13,391 (36.9%) 13,176 (36.8%) 13,307 (37.3%) 13,238 (37.7%) 12,763 (37.9%)
Total Nevada 35,030 (100%) 35,861 (100%) 36,298 (100%) 36,260 (100%) 35,756 (100%) 35,682 (100%) 35,072 (100%) 33,653 (%)
  • Since 2016, data for births of White Hispanic origin are not collected, but included in one Hispanic group; persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race.
 
The Winnemucca Sand Dunes, north of Winnemucca
 
Downtown Reno
 
East Las Vegas suburbs

A small percentage of Nevada's population lives in rural areas. The culture of these places differs significantly from major metropolitan areas. People in these rural counties tend to be native Nevada residents, unlike in the Las Vegas and Reno areas, where the vast majority of the population was born in another state. The rural population is also less diverse in terms of race and ethnicity. Mining plays an important role in the economies of the rural counties, with tourism being less prominent.[75] Ranching also has a long tradition in rural Nevada.[76]

Locations by per capita income

Ranked by per capita income in 2000
Rank Place Per capita income County
1 Incline Village–Crystal Bay $52,521 Washoe
2 Kingsbury $41,421 Douglas
3 Mount Charleston $38,821 Clark
4 Verdi–Mogul $38,233 Washoe
5 Zephyr Cove–Round Hill Village $37,218 Douglas
6 Summerlin South $33,017 Clark
7 Blue Diamond $30,479 Clark
8 Minden $30,405 Douglas
9 Boulder City $29,770 Clark
10 Spanish Springs $26,908 Washoe
Further information: Nevada locations by per capita income

Religion

Religion in Nevada[77]
Religion Percent
Protestant
 
 35%
Unaffiliated
 
 28%
Catholic
 
 25%
Mormon
 
 4%
Jewish
 
 2%
Buddhist
 
 0.5%
Hindu
 
 0.1%
Muslim
 
 0.1%

Church attendance in Nevada is among the lowest of all U.S. states. In a 2009 Gallup poll only 30% of Nevadans said they attended church weekly or almost weekly, compared to 42% of all Americans (only four states were found to have a lower attendance rate than Nevada's).[78] In 2020, the Public Religion Research Institute determined 67% of the population were Christian,[79] reflecting a 1% increase in religiosity from 2014's separate Pew study.[80]

Major religious affiliations of the people of Nevada were, according to the Pew Research Center in 2014: Protestant 35%, Irreligious 28%, Roman Catholic 25%, Latter-day Saints 4%, Jewish 2%, Hindu less than 1%, Buddhist 0.5% and Muslim less than 0.1%. Parts of Nevada (in the eastern parts of the state) are situated in the Mormon Corridor.

The largest denominations by number of adherents in 2010 were the Roman Catholic Church with 451,070; The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints with 175,149; and the Southern Baptist Convention with 45,535; Buddhist congregations 14,727; Baháʼí Faith 1,723; and Muslim 1,700.[81] The Jewish community is represented by The Rohr Jewish Learning Institute and Chabad.[82][83] According to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 6.2% of Nevadans are adherents, making it the sixth highest percentage state in the Union.[84]

Languages

The most common non-English languages spoken in Nevada are Spanish, Tagalog and Chinese.[85] Indigenous languages of Nevada include Northern Paiute, the Southern Paiute, Shoshone, and Washo.[86]

Economy

See also: Nevada locations by per capita income
 
Nevada quarter
 
MGM Grand, with sign promoting it as The City of Entertainment
 
Lake Tahoe on the Nevada–California border
 
Goldstrike (Post-Betze) Mine in the Carlin Trend, the largest Carlin-type deposit in the world, containing more than 35,000,000 troy ounces (1,100 t) gold[87]
 
Ranching in Washoe County

The economy of Nevada is tied to tourism (especially entertainment and gambling related), mining, and cattle ranching. Nevada's industrial outputs are tourism, entertainment, mining, machinery, printing and publishing, food processing, and electric equipment. The Bureau of Economic Analysis[88][89] estimates Nevada's total state product in 2018 was $170 billion.[90] The state's per capita personal income in 2020 was $53,635, ranking 31st in the nation.[91] Nevada's state debt in 2012 was calculated to be $7.5 billion, or $3,100 per taxpayer.[92] As of May 2021, the state's unemployment rate was 7.8%.[93]

Mining

Main articles: Gold mining in Nevada and Silver mining in Nevada

In portions of the state outside of the Las Vegas and Reno metropolitan areas mining plays a major economic role. By value, gold is by far the most important mineral mined. In 2004, 6,800,000 ounces (190,000,000 g) of gold worth $2.84 billion were mined in Nevada, and the state accounted for 8.7% of world gold production. Silver is a distant second, with 10,300,000 ounces (290,000,000 g) worth $69 million mined in 2004.[94] Other minerals mined in Nevada include construction aggregates, copper, gypsum, diatomite and lithium. Despite its rich deposits, the cost of mining in Nevada is generally high, and output is very sensitive to world commodity prices.

Cattle ranching

Cattle ranching is a major economic activity in rural Nevada. Nevada's agricultural outputs are cattle, hay, alfalfa, dairy products, onions, and potatoes. As of January 1, 2006, there were an estimated 500,000 head of cattle and 70,000 head of sheep in Nevada.[95] Most of these animals forage on rangeland in the summer, with supplemental feed in the winter. Calves are generally shipped to out-of-state feedlots in the fall to be fattened for the market. Over 90% of Nevada's 484,000 acres (196,000 ha) of cropland is used to grow hay, mostly alfalfa, for livestock feed. This livestock is usually used for food.

Largest employers

The largest employers in the state, as of the first fiscal quarter of 2011, are the following, according to the Nevada Department of Employment, Training and Rehabilitation:[96]

Infrastructure

Transportation

 
State route shield
 
U.S. Route 50, also known as "The Loneliest Road in America"

Amtrak's California Zephyr train uses the Union Pacific's original transcontinental railroad line in daily service from Chicago to Emeryville, California, serving Elko, Winnemucca, and Reno. Las Vegas has had no passenger train service since Amtrak's Desert Wind was discontinued in 1997. Amtrak Thruway Motorcoaches provide connecting service from Las Vegas to trains at Needles, California, Los Angeles, and Bakersfield, California; and from Stateline, Nevada, to Sacramento, California. There have been a number of proposals to re-introduce service to either Los Angeles or Southern California.

The Union Pacific Railroad has some railroads in the north and south of Nevada. Greyhound Lines provide some bus service to the state.

Interstate 15 (I-15) passes through the southern tip of the state, serving Las Vegas and other communities. I-215 and I-515 also serve the Las Vegas metropolitan area. I-80 crosses through the northern part of Nevada, roughly following the path of the Humboldt River from Utah in the east and the Truckee River westward through Reno into California. It has a spur route, I-580. Nevada also is served by several U.S. highways: US 6, US 50, US 93, US 95 and US 395. There are also 189 Nevada state routes. Many of Nevada's counties have a system of county routes as well, though many are not signed or paved in rural areas. Nevada is one of a few states in the U.S. that do not have a continuous interstate highway linking its two major population centers – the road connection between the Las Vegas and Reno areas is a combination of several different Interstate and U.S. highways. The Interstate 11 proposed routing may eventually remedy this.

The state is one of just a few in the country to allow semi-trailer trucks with three trailers – what might be called a "road train" in Australia. But American versions are usually smaller, in part because they must ascend and descend some fairly steep mountain passes.

RTC Transit is the public transit system in the Las Vegas metropolitan area. The agency is the largest transit agency in the state and operates a network of bus service across the Las Vegas Valley, including the use of The Deuce, double-decker buses, on the Las Vegas Strip and several outlying routes. RTC RIDE operates a system of local transit bus service throughout the Reno-Sparks metropolitan area. Other transit systems in the state include Carson City's JAC. Most other counties in the state do not have public transportation at all.

Additionally, a 4-mile (6.4 km) monorail system provides public transportation in the Las Vegas area. The Las Vegas Monorail line services several casino properties and the Las Vegas Convention Center on the east side of the Las Vegas Strip, running near Paradise Road, with a possible future extension to Harry Reid International Airport. Several hotels also run their own monorail lines between each other, which are typically several blocks in length.

Harry Reid International Airport in Las Vegas is the busiest airport serving Nevada. The Reno-Tahoe International Airport (formerly known as the Reno Cannon International Airport) is the other major airport in the state.

Energy

See also: List of power stations in Nevada
External image
  Map of Nevada electricity grid

Nevada has had a thriving solar energy sector. An independent study in 2013 concluded that solar users created a $36 million net benefit. However, in December 2015, the Public Utility Commission let the state's only power company, NV Energy, charge higher rates and fees to solar panel users, leading to an immediate collapse of rooftop solar panel use.[97]

In December 1987, Congress amended the Nuclear Waste Policy Act to designate Yucca Mountain nuclear waste repository as the only site to be characterized as a permanent repository for all of the nation's highly radioactive waste.[98]

Affordable housing

Over the last six years, the National Low Income Housing Coalition calculates the discrepancy between available affordable housing units and renters who earn below the poverty line. In Nevada, only 15 affordable rental homes are available per 100 extremely low income (ELI) households.[99] The shortage extends to a deficit in supply of 71,358 affordable rental homes. This is the largest discrepancy of any state. The most notable catalyst for this shortage is The Great Recession and Housing Crisis of 2007 and 2008. Since then, housing prices have increased while demand has increased, and supply has struggled to match the increase in demand. In addition to this, low-income service workers are slowly being pushed out by an influx of tech professionals. In Nevada there is essentially a standard of six-figure income to affordably rent a single-family home.[100] Considering the average salary in Nevada, $54,842 per year, this standard is on average, unaffordable.[101] The disproportionate cost of housing compared to average salary has led to 112,872 renters to be paying more than half of their yearly income towards housing.[102]

The definition of an affordable home is “one that a household can obtain for 30 percent or less of its annual income”. So, there is clearly a long way to go in order to close the gap between housing prices and relative income in the state. Renters are looking for solutions to still be able to live in the state in a way that their income can support. As a result, single adults are being forced to split rent with other renters or move residences to farther outside metro areas. One solution being offered is to increase the supply of higher income positions within the state to make things more affordable. However, this would require Nevadans to retrain in new jobs or careers.

Education

Education in Nevada is achieved through public and private elementary, middle, and high schools, as well as colleges and universities.

A May 2015 educational reform law expanded school choice options to 450,000 Nevada students who are at up to 185% of the federal poverty level. Education savings accounts (ESAs) are enabled by the new law to help pay the tuition for private schools. Alternatively, families "can use funds in these accounts to also pay for textbooks and tutoring".[103][104]

Approximately 86.9% of Nevada residents have attained at least a high school degree or equivalent, which is below the national average of 88.6%.[105]

Public school districts

Public school districts in Nevada include:

Colleges and universities

Research institutes

The Nevada Aerospace Hall of Fame provides educational resources and promotes the aerospace and aviation history of the state.[106]

Law and government

Government

Main article: Government of Nevada
 
The Nevada State Legislative Building in Carson City

Under the Constitution of the State of Nevada, the powers of the Nevada government are divided among three separate departments: the executive consisting of the governor of Nevada and their cabinet along with the other elected constitutional officers; the legislative consisting of the Nevada Legislature, which includes the Assembly and the Senate; and the judicial consisting of the Supreme Court of Nevada and lower courts.

The governor is the chief magistrate of Nevada,[107] the head of the executive department of the state's government,[107] and the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces.[108] The current governor is Steve Sisolak, a Democrat.

The Nevada Legislature is a bicameral body divided into an Assembly and Senate. Members of the Assembly serve two years, and members of the Senate serve four years. Both houses of the Nevada Legislature will be impacted by term limits starting in 2010, as senators and assemblymen/women will be limited to a maximum of twelve years in each house (by appointment or election which is a lifetime limit) – a provision of the constitution which was recently upheld by the Supreme Court of Nevada in a unanimous decision. Each session of the legislature meets for a constitutionally mandated 120 days in every odd-numbered year, or longer if the governor calls a special session.

On December 18, 2018, Nevada became the first in the United States with a female majority in its legislature. Women hold nine of the 21 seats in the Nevada Senate, and 23 of the 42 seats in the Nevada Assembly.[109]

The Supreme Court of Nevada is the state supreme court and the head of the Nevada Judiciary. Original jurisdiction is divided between the district courts (with general jurisdiction), and justice courts and municipal courts (both of limited jurisdiction). Appeals from District Courts are made directly to the Nevada Supreme Court, which under a deflective model of jurisdiction, has the discretion to send cases to the Court of Appeals for final resolution.[110]

Incorporated towns in Nevada, known as cities, are given the authority to legislate anything not prohibited by law. A recent movement has begun to permit home rule to incorporate Nevada cities to give them more flexibility and fewer restrictions from the Legislature. Town Boards for unincorporated towns are limited local governments created by either the local county commission, or by referendum, and form a purely advisory role and in no way diminish the responsibilities of the county commission that creates them.

State agencies

Law

 
The courthouse of the Supreme Court of Nevada

In 1900, Nevada's population was the smallest of all states and was shrinking, as the difficulties of living in a "barren desert" began to outweigh the lure of silver for many early settlers. Historian Lawrence Friedman has explained what happened next:

Nevada, in a burst of ingenuity, built an economy by exploiting its sovereignty. Its strategy was to legalize all sorts of things that were illegal in California ... after the easy divorce came easy marriage and casino gaming. Even prostitution is legal in Nevada, in any county that decides to allow it. Quite a few of them do.[111]

With the advent of air conditioning for summertime use and Southern Nevada's mild winters, the fortunes of the state began to turn around, as it did for Arizona, making these two states the fastest growing in the Union.

Prostitution

See also: Prostitution in Nevada

Nevada is the only state where prostitution is legal – in a licensed brothel in a county which has specifically voted to permit it. It is illegal in larger jurisdictions such as Clark County (which contains Las Vegas), Washoe County (which contains Reno), and the independent city of Carson City.

Divorce

Nevada's early reputation as a "divorce haven" arose from the fact that before the no-fault divorce revolution in the 1970s, divorces were difficult to obtain in the United States. Already having legalized gambling and prostitution, Nevada continued the trend of boosting its profile by adopting one of the most liberal divorce statutes in the nation. This resulted in Williams v. North Carolina (1942), 317 U.S. 287 (1942), in which the U.S. Supreme Court ruled North Carolina had to give "full faith and credit" to a Nevada divorce. The Court modified its decision in Williams v. North Carolina (1945), 325 U.S. 226 (1945), by holding a state need not recognize a Nevada divorce unless one of the parties was domiciled there at the time the divorce was granted and the forum state was entitled to make its own determination.

As of 2009, Nevada's divorce rate was above the national average.[112]

Taxes

Nevada's tax laws are intended to draw new residents and businesses to the state. Nevada has no personal income tax or corporate income tax.[113] Since Nevada does not collect income data it cannot share such information with the federal government, the IRS.[114]

The state sales tax (similar to VAT or GST) in Nevada is variable depending upon the county. The statewide tax rate is 6.85%, with five counties (Elko, Esmeralda, Eureka, Humboldt, and Mineral) charging this amount. Counties may impose additional rates via voter approval or through approval of the state legislature; therefore, the applicable sales tax varies by county from 6.85% to 8.375% (Clark County). Clark County, which includes Las Vegas, imposes four separate county option taxes in addition to the statewide rate: 0.25% for flood control, 0.50% for mass transit, 0.25% for infrastructure, and 0.25% for more law enforcement. In Washoe County, which includes Reno, the sales tax rate is 7.725%, due to county option rates for flood control, the ReTRAC train trench project, and mass transit, and an additional county rate approved under the Local Government Tax Act of 1991.[115] The minimum Nevada sales tax rate changed on July 1, 2009.[116]

The lodging tax rate in unincorporated Clark County, which includes the Las Vegas Strip, is 12%. Within the boundaries of the cities of Las Vegas and Henderson, the lodging tax rate is 13%.

Corporations such as Apple Inc. allegedly have set up investment companies and funds in Nevada to avoid paying taxes.[117]

Gay rights

Main article: Recognition of same-sex unions in Nevada

In 2009, the Nevada Legislature passed a bill creating a domestic partnership registry which enables gay couples to enjoy the same rights as married couples. In June 2015, gay marriage became legal in Nevada due to the U.S. Supreme Court case Obergefell v. Hodges.

Incorporation

Nevada provides a friendly environment for the formation of corporations, and many (especially California) businesses have incorporated in Nevada to take advantage of the benefits of the Nevada statute. Nevada corporations offer great flexibility to the board of directors and simplify or avoid many of the rules that are cumbersome to business managers in some other states. In addition, Nevada has no franchise tax, although it does require businesses to have a license for which the business has to pay the state.

Financial institutions

Similarly, many U.S. states have usury laws limiting the amount of interest a lender can charge, but federal law allows corporations to "import" these laws from their home state. Nevada has no cap on interest rates that may be agreed to in contracts.[118]

Alcohol and other drugs

See also: Alcohol laws of Nevada and Cannabis in Nevada

Nevada has very liberal alcohol laws. Bars are permitted to remain open 24 hours, with no "last call". Liquor stores, convenience stores and supermarkets may also sell alcohol 24 hours per day and may sell beer, wine and spirits.

In 2016, Nevada voters approved Question 2, which legalized the possession, transportation and cultivation of personal use amounts of marijuana for adults age 21 years and older, and authorized the creation of a regulated market for the sale of marijuana to adults age 21 years and older through state-licensed retail outlets.[119] Nevada voters had previously approved medical marijuana in 2000, but rejected marijuana legalization in a similar referendum in 2006. Marijuana in all forms remains illegal under federal law.

Aside from cannabis legalization, non-alcohol drug laws are a notable exception to Nevada's otherwise libertarian principles. It is notable for having the harshest penalties for drug offenders in the country. Nevada remains the only state to still use mandatory minimum sentencing guidelines for possession of drugs.[120]

The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) reported, in their Behavioral Health Barometer for Nevada, published in 2014, changes to substance abuse patterns and addiction across the southwestern state.[121] Between 2012 and 2013, adolescents in Nevada abused illicit substances at a slightly higher percentage than nationally. 10.2 percent of Nevada's adolescents abused illicit drugs compared to 9.2 percent across the United States. Between 2009 and 2013, 11.7 percent of all adolescents in the state reported abusing illicit, intoxicating substances in the month prior to the survey; this represents 25,000 adolescents.

Smoking

Nevada voters enacted a smoking ban ("The Nevada Clean Indoor Air Act") in November 2006 which became effective on December 8, 2006. It outlaws smoking in most workplaces and public places. Smoking is permitted in bars, but only if the bar serves no food, or the bar is inside a larger casino. Smoking is also permitted in casinos, certain hotel rooms, tobacco shops, and brothels.[122] However, some businesses do not obey this law and the government tends not to enforce it.[123] In 2011, smoking restrictions in Nevada were relaxed for certain places which allow only people 21 or older inside.[124]

Crime

Main article: Crime in Nevada

In 2006, the crime rate in Nevada was about 24% higher than the national average rate, though crime has since decreased. Property crimes accounted for about 85% of the total crime rate in Nevada, which was 21% higher than the national rate. The remaining 20.3% were violent crimes.[125] A complete listing of crime data in the state for 2013 can be found here:[126]

Politics

See also: Political party strength in Nevada
Party registration as of September 2022[127]
Party Total voters Percentage
Democratic 721,457 32.99%
Republican 640,416 29.29%
Independent American 97,235 4.45%
Libertarian 21,156 0.97%
Other parties 54,617 2.50%
Nonpartisan 651,751 29.81%
Total 2,186,632 100.00%

State politics

 
Party registration by county (February 2021):
  Democrat >= 30%
  Republican >= 40%
  Republican >= 50%
  Republican >= 60%

Due to heavy growth in the southern portion of the state, there is a noticeable divide between the politics of northern and southern Nevada. Historically, northern Nevada has been very Republican. The more rural counties of the north are among the most conservative regions of the country. Carson City, the state's capital, is a Republican-leaning swing city/county. Washoe County, home to Reno, has historically been strongly Republican, but now has become more of a Democratic-leaning swing county, like the state as a whole. Clark County, home to Las Vegas, has been a stronghold for the Democratic Party since it was founded in 1909, having voted Republican only six times and once for a third-party candidate.[citation needed] Clark and Washoe counties have long dominated the state's politics. Between them, they cast 87% of Nevada's vote, and elect a substantial majority of the state legislature. The last Republican to carry Clark County was George H. W. Bush in 1988, and the last Republican to carry Washoe County was George W. Bush in 2004. The great majority of the state's elected officials are from either Las Vegas or Reno.[citation needed]

In 2014, Republican Adam Laxalt, despite losing both Clark and Washoe counties, was elected Attorney General. However, he had lost Clark County only by 5.6% and Washoe County by 1.4%, attributable to lower turnout in these counties.[128]

National politics

See also: United States presidential elections in Nevada

Nevada has voted for the winner in nearly every presidential election from 1912 to 2020, the only exceptions being 1976 when it voted for Gerald Ford over Jimmy Carter and 2016 when the state was carried by Hillary Clinton over Donald Trump. This includes Nevada supporting Democrats John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson in 1960 and 1964, respectively, Republican Richard Nixon in 1968 and in 1972, Republican Ronald Reagan in 1980 and in 1984, Republican George H.W. Bush in 1988, Democrat Bill Clinton in 1992 and 1996, Republican George W. Bush in 2000 and 2004, and Democrat Barack Obama winning the state in both 2008 and 2012, as well as Joe Biden in the 2020 election. This gives the state status as a political bellwether. From 1912 to 2020, Nevada has been carried by the presidential victor the most out of any state (27 of 29 elections). In 2016, Nevada lost its bellwether status briefly when it narrowly cast its votes for Hillary Clinton. Nevada regained it when Biden won in 2020. Nevada has been won by the winner of nearly every presidential election since its first in 1864, only being carried by the defeated candidate eight times since statehood, most of which were before 1900. It was one of only three states won by John F. Kennedy in the American West in the election of 1960, albeit narrowly.[129]

Presidential election results[130]
Year Democratic Republican
1960 51.2% 54,880 48.8% 52,387
1964 58.6% 79,339 41.4% 56,094
1968 39.3% 60,598 47.5% 73,188
1972 36.3% 66,016 63.7% 115,750
1976 45.8% 92,479 50.2% 101,273
1980 26.9% 66,666 62.5% 155,017
1984 32.0% 91,655 65.9% 188,770
1988 37.9% 132,738 58.8% 206,040
1992 37.4% 189,148 34.7% 175,828
1996 43.9% 203,974 42.9% 199,244
2000 46.0% 279,978 49.5% 301,575
2004 47.9% 397,190 50.5% 418,690
2008 55.2% 533,736 42.7% 412,827
2012 52.4% 531,373 45.7% 463,567
2016 47.9% 539,260 45.5% 512,058
2020 50.1% 703,486 47.7% 669,890

Hillary Clinton narrowly defeated Trump in Nevada in 2016, winning 47.92% of votes to Trump's 45.5%.[131]

The state's U.S. Senators are Democrats Catherine Cortez Masto and Jacky Rosen. The Governorship is held by Steve Sisolak, a Democrat.

Elections

Main article: Elections in Nevada

Nevada is the only U.S. state to have a none of the above option available on its ballots. Officially called None of These Candidates, the option was first added to the ballot in 1975 and is used in all statewide elections, including president, US Senate and all state constitutional positions. In the event "None of These Candidates" receives a plurality of votes in the election, the candidate with the next-highest total is elected.[132]

In a 2020 study, Nevada was ranked as the 23rd on the "Cost of Voting Index" which is a measure of "the ease of voting across the United States".[133]

Culture

Entertainment and tourism

Resort areas like Las Vegas, Reno, Lake Tahoe, and Laughlin attract visitors from around the nation and world. In FY08 their 266 casinos (not counting ones with annual revenue under a million dollars) brought in $12  billion in gaming revenue and another $13 billion in non-gaming revenue. A review of gaming statistics can be found at Nevada gaming area.

Nevada has by far the most hotel rooms per capita in the United States. According to the American Hotel and Lodging Association, there were 187,301 rooms in 584 hotels (of 15 or more rooms). The state is ranked just below California, Texas, Florida, and New York in the total number of rooms, but those states have much larger populations. Nevada has one hotel room for every 14 residents, far above the national average of one hotel room per 67 residents.[134]

Prostitution is legal in parts of Nevada in licensed brothels, but only counties with populations under 400,000 have the option to legalize it. Although prostitution is not a major part of the Nevada economy, employing roughly 300 women as independent contractors, it is a very visible endeavor. Of the 14 counties permitted to legalize prostitution under state law, eight have chosen to legalize brothels. State law prohibits prostitution in Clark County (which contains Las Vegas), and Washoe County (which contains Reno). However, prostitution is legal in Storey County, which is part of the Reno–Sparks metropolitan area.

Sports

See also: Las Vegas § Sports; Sports in the Las Vegas metropolitan area; Reno, Nevada § Sports; and Henderson, Nevada § Sports

The Las Vegas Valley is home to the Vegas Golden Knights of the National Hockey League who began to play in the 2017–18 NHL season at T-Mobile Arena on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada, the Las Vegas Raiders of the National Football League who began play at Allegiant Stadium in Las Vegas in 2020 after moving from Oakland, California, and the Las Vegas Aces of the WNBA who began playing in 2018 at Mandalay Bay Events Center after relocating from San Antonio.

Nevada takes pride in college sports, most notably its college football. College teams in the state include the Nevada Wolf Pack (representing the University of Nevada, Reno) and the UNLV Rebels (representing the University of Nevada, Las Vegas), both in the Mountain West Conference (MW).

UNLV is most remembered for its men's basketball program, which experienced its height of supremacy in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Coached by Jerry Tarkanian, the Runnin' Rebels became one of the most elite programs in the country. In 1990, UNLV won the Men's Division I Championship by defeating Duke 103–73, which set tournament records for most points scored by a team and largest margin of victory in the national title game.

In 1991, UNLV finished the regular season undefeated, a feat that would not be matched in Division I men's basketball for more than 20 years. Forward Larry Johnson won several awards, including the Naismith Award. UNLV reached the Final Four yet again, but lost their national semifinal against Duke 79–77. The Runnin' Rebels were the Associated Press pre-season No. 1 back to back (1989–90, 1990–91). North Carolina is the only other team to accomplish that (2007–08, 2008–09).

The state's involvement in major-college sports is not limited to its local schools. In the 21st century, the Las Vegas area has become a significant regional center for college basketball conference tournaments. The MW, West Coast Conference, and Western Athletic Conference all hold their men's and women's tournaments in the area, and the Pac-12 holds its men's tournament there as well. The Big Sky Conference, after decades of holding its men's and women's conference tournaments at campus sites, began holding both tournaments in Reno in 2016.

Las Vegas has hosted several professional boxing matches, most recently at the MGM Grand Garden Arena with bouts such as Mike Tyson vs. Evander Holyfield, Evander Holyfield vs. Mike Tyson II, Oscar De La Hoya vs. Floyd Mayweather and Oscar De La Hoya vs. Manny Pacquiao and at the newer T-Mobile Arena with Canelo Álvarez vs. Amir Khan.

Along with significant rises in popularity in mixed martial arts (MMA), a number of fight leagues such as the UFC have taken interest in Las Vegas as a primary event location due to the number of suitable host venues. The Mandalay Bay Events Center and MGM Grand Garden Arena are among some of the more popular venues for fighting events such as MMA and have hosted several UFC and other MMA title fights. The city has held the most UFC events with 86 events.

The state is also home to the Las Vegas Motor Speedway, which hosts NASCAR's Pennzoil 400 and South Point 400. Two venues in the immediate Las Vegas area host major annual events in rodeo. The Thomas & Mack Center, built for UNLV men's basketball, hosts the National Finals Rodeo. The PBR World Finals, operated by the bull riding-only Professional Bull Riders, was also held at the Thomas & Mack Center before moving to T-Mobile Arena in 2016.

The state is also home to famous tennis player, Andre Agassi, and current baseball superstar Bryce Harper.

List of teams

Major professional teams
Team Sport League Venue (capacity) Established Titles
Las Vegas Raiders Football NFL Allegiant Stadium (65,000) 2020 3[f]
Vegas Golden Knights Ice hockey NHL T-Mobile Arena (17,500) 2017 0
Las Vegas Aces Women's basketball WNBA Michelob Ultra Arena (12,000) 2018 1
Minor professional teams
Team Sport League Venue (capacity) Established Titles
Las Vegas Aviators Baseball MiLB (AAA–PCL) Las Vegas Ballpark (10,000) 1983 2
Reno Aces Greater Nevada Field (9,013) 2009 2
NBA G League Ignite Basketball NBAGL Dollar Loan Center (5,567) are 2020 0
Las Vegas Royals ABA 0
Vegas Ballers TBL Tarkanian Basketball Center (N/A) 0
Vegas Vipers Football XFL 2022 0
Henderson Silver Knights Ice hockey AHL Dollar Loan Center (5,567) 2020 0
Las Vegas Lights FC Soccer USLC Cashman Field (9,334) 2018 0
Nevada Storm Women's football WFA Damonte Ranch High School (N/A)
Fernley High School (N/A)
Galena High School (N/A) 		2008 0
Sin City Trojans Desert Pines High School (N/A) 0
Vegas Knight Hawks Indoor football IFL Dollar Loan Center (6,019) 2021 0
Las Vegas Desert Dogs Box lacrosse NLL Michelob Ultra Arena (12,000) 0
Amateur teams
Team Sport League Venue (capacity) Established Titles
Reno Ice Raiders Ice hockey MWHL Reno Ice 2015 0
Vegas Jesters City National Arena (600) 2012 0
Las Vegas Thunderbirds USPHL 2019 0
Las Vegas Legends Soccer NPSL Peter Johann Memorial Field (2,500) 2021 0
Nevada Coyotes FC UPSL Rio Vista Sports Complex (N/A) 2016 0
College teams

Military

 
A map that details the federal land in southern Nevada, showing Nellis Air Force Base Complex and Nevada Test Site

Several United States Navy ships have been named USS Nevada in honor of the state. They include:

Area 51 is near Groom Lake, a dry salt lake bed. The much smaller Creech Air Force Base is in Indian Springs, Nevada; Hawthorne Army Depot in Hawthorne; the Tonopah Test Range near Tonopah; and Nellis AFB in the northeast part of the Las Vegas Valley. Naval Air Station Fallon in Fallon; NSAWC, (pronounced "EN-SOCK") in western Nevada. NSAWC consolidated three Command Centers into a single Command Structure under a flag officer on July 11, 1996. The Naval Strike Warfare Center (STRIKE "U") based at NAS Fallon since 1984, was joined with the Navy Fighter Weapons School (TOPGUN) and the Carrier Airborne Early Warning Weapons School (TOPDOME) which both moved from NAS Miramar as a result of a Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) decision in 1993 which transferred that installation back to the Marine Corps as MCAS Miramar. The Seahawk Weapon School was added in 1998 to provide tactical training for Navy helicopters.

These bases host a number of activities including the Joint Unmanned Aerial Systems Center of Excellence, the Naval Strike and Air Warfare Center, Nevada Test and Training Range, Red Flag, the U.S. Air Force Thunderbirds, the United States Air Force Warfare Center, the United States Air Force Weapons School, and the United States Navy Fighter Weapons School.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b Elevation to North American Vertical Datum of 1988.
  2. ^ The distinction of highest point in Nevada goes to the summit of Boundary Peak, so named because it is very near the Nevada–California border, at the northern terminus of the White Mountains. However, Boundary Peak can be considered a subsidiary summit of Montgomery Peak, whose summit is in California, since the topographic prominence of Boundary Peak is only 253 feet (77 m), which falls under the often used 300-foot (91 m) cutoff for an independent peak. Also, Boundary Peak is less than 1 mile (1.6 km) away from its higher neighbor. Hence Boundary Peak can be described as not being wholly within Nevada. By contrast, the prominence of Wheeler Peak, 13,063 feet (3,982 m), is quite large and in fact it is the twelfth largest in the contiguous United States. Wheeler Peak is the highest point in a radius of more than 200 square miles (520 km2) and is entirely within the state of Nevada.
  3. ^ Also sometimes placed in the Mountain West and Southwestern United States.
  4. ^ The National Archives press release states that the cost was $4,313.27, but the amount $4,303.27 is actually written on the document.
  5. ^ Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin are not distinguished between total and partial ancestry.
  6. ^ Two titles were won when the team was based in Oakland, California and one was won when they were based in Los Angeles, California.

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External links

  • "Nevada" (official state website).
  • "Nevada State Guide". Library of Congress.
  • . ALA. Archived from the original on January 6, 2014. Retrieved May 11, 2008. Annotated list of searchable databases produced by Nevada state agencies and compiled by the Government Documents Roundtable of the American Library Association.
  • State Tourism website
  • Energy Profile for Nevada
  • USGS real-time, geographic, and other scientific resources of Nevada
  • 1875 County Map at Texas Tech Southwest Collection
  • County Maps of Nevada Full color maps. List of cities, towns and county seats
  • Nevada State Facts from USDA
  • Forgotten Nevada – Ghost Towns and Mining Camps of Nevada
  • Nevada at Curlie
  •   Geographic data related to Nevada at OpenStreetMap
  • Online Nevada Encyclopedia, Nevada Humanities
Preceded by List of U.S. states by date of statehood
Admitted on October 31, 1864 (36th) 		Succeeded by

Coordinates: 39°N 117°W / 39°N 117°W / 39; -117 (State of Nevada)

January 02, 2023
nevada, this, article, about, state, other, uses, disambiguation, silver, state, redirects, here, other, uses, silver, state, disambiguation, spanish, neˈβaða, state, western, region, united, states, bordered, oregon, northwest, idaho, northeast, california, w. This article is about the U S state For other uses see Nevada disambiguation Silver State redirects here For other uses see Silver State disambiguation Nevada n e ˈ v ae d e ne VAD e Spanish neˈbada is a state in the Western region of the United States c It is bordered by Oregon to the northwest Idaho to the northeast California to the west Arizona to the southeast and Utah to the east Nevada is the 7th most extensive the 32nd most populous and the 9th least densely populated of the U S states Nearly three quarters of Nevada s people live in Clark County which contains the Las Vegas Paradise metropolitan area 4 including three of the state s four largest incorporated cities 5 Nevada s capital is Carson City Las Vegas is the largest city in the state NevadaStateState of NevadaFlagSealNickname s The Silver State official The Sagebrush State The Battle Born StateMotto All for Our CountryAnthem Home Means Nevada source source track Map of the United States with Nevada highlightedCountryUnited StatesBefore statehoodNevada Territory Utah Territory Arizona TerritoryAdmitted to the UnionOctober 31 1864 36th CapitalCarson CityLargest cityLas VegasLargest metro and urban areasLas Vegas ValleyGovernment GovernorSteve Sisolak D Lieutenant GovernorLisa Cano Burkhead D LegislatureNevada Legislature Upper houseSenate Lower houseAssemblyJudiciarySupreme Court of NevadaU S senatorsCatherine Cortez Masto D Jacky Rosen D U S House delegation1 Dina Titus D 2 Mark Amodei R 3 Susie Lee D 4 Steven Horsford D list Area Total110 577 sq mi 286 382 km2 Land109 781 18 sq mi 284 332 km2 Water791 sq mi 2 048 km2 0 72 Rank7thDimensions Length492 mi 787 km Width322 mi 519 km Elevation5 500 ft 1 680 m Highest elevation Boundary Peak 1 2 a b 13 147 ft 4 007 1 m Lowest elevation Colorado River at California border 2 a 481 ft 147 m Population 2020 Total3 104 614 Rank32nd Density26 8 sq mi 10 3 km2 Rank42nd Median household income 60 365 3 Income rank24thDemonymNevadanLanguage Official languageEnglish citation needed Time zonesmost of stateUTC 08 00 Pacific Summer DST UTC 07 00 PDT West WendoverUTC 07 00 Mountain Summer DST UTC 06 00 MDT USPS abbreviationNVISO 3166 codeUS NVTraditional abbreviationNev Latitude35 N to 42 NLongitude114 2 W to 120 WWebsitewww wbr nv wbr govNevada state symbolsLiving insigniaBirdMountain bluebird Sialia currucoides FishLahontan cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii henshawi FlowerSagebrush Artemisia tridentata GrassIndian Rice GrassInsectVivid Dancer Damselfly Argia vivida MammalDesert bighorn sheepReptileDesert tortoise Gopherus agassizii TreeBristlecone pine Single leaf Pinon Pinus monophylla Inanimate insigniaColorsSilver BlueFossilIchthyosaur Shonisaurus popularis GemstoneVirgin Valley Black Fire OpalMineralSilverRockSandstoneSoilOrovada seriesSongHome Means NevadaOtherElement NeonState route markerState quarterReleased in 2006Lists of United States state symbolsNevada is officially known as the Silver State because of the importance of silver to its history and economy It is also known as the Battle Born State because it achieved statehood during the Civil War the words Battle Born also appear on its state flag Due to a presidency held by Abraham Lincoln the Union benefited immensly by it s the support of newly awarded statehood by the infusion of the monetary support of nearly 400 million in Silver ore generated at the time by the Comstock load 6 Known also as the Sagebrush State for the native plant of the same name and as the Sage hen State 7 The name means snowy in Spanish referring to Nevada s small overlap with the Sierra Nevada mountain range however the rest of Nevada is largely desert and semi arid much of it within the Great Basin Areas south of the Great Basin are within the Mojave Desert while Lake Tahoe and the Sierra Nevada lie on the western edge About 86 of the state s land is managed by various jurisdictions of the U S federal government both civilian and military 8 American Indians of the Paiute Shoshone and Washoe tribes inhabit what is now Nevada The first Europeans to explore the region were Spanish They called the region Nevada snowy because of the snow which covered the mountains in winter similar to the Sierra Nevada in Spain The area formed part of Alta California s territory within the Viceroyalty of New Spain which gained independence as Mexico in 1821 The United States annexed the area in 1848 after its victory in the Mexican American War and it was incorporated as part of Utah Territory in 1850 The discovery of silver at the Comstock Lode in 1859 led to a population boom that became an impetus to the creation of Nevada Territory out of western Utah Territory in 1861 Nevada became the 36th state on October 31 1864 as the second of two states added to the Union during the Civil War the first being West Virginia 9 Nevada has a reputation for its libertarian laws In 1940 with a population of just over 110 000 people Nevada was by far the least populated state with less than half the population of the next least populous state Wyoming 10 However legalized gambling and lenient marriage and divorce laws transformed Nevada into a major tourist destination in the 20th century 11 12 Nevada is the only U S state where prostitution is legal though it is illegal in its most populated regions Clark County Las Vegas Washoe County Reno and Carson City which as an independent city is not within the boundaries of any county The tourism industry remains Nevada s largest employer 13 with mining continuing as a substantial sector of the economy Nevada is the fourth largest producer of gold in the world 14 Nevada is the driest state and over time and influenced by climate change droughts in Nevada have been increasing in frequency and severity 15 putting a further strain on Nevada s water security Contents 1 Etymology 2 History 2 1 Native American history 2 2 Before 1861 2 3 Separation from Utah Territory 2 4 Statehood 1864 2 4 1 Gambling and labor 2 4 2 Nuclear testing 2 4 3 2020s 3 Geography 3 1 Climate 3 2 Flora and fauna 3 3 Counties 3 4 Settlements 4 Parks and recreation areas 4 1 Recreation areas maintained by the federal government 4 1 1 Northern Nevada 4 1 2 Southern Nevada 4 2 Wilderness 4 3 State parks 5 Demographics 5 1 Population 5 2 Locations by per capita income 5 3 Religion 5 4 Languages 6 Economy 6 1 Mining 6 2 Cattle ranching 6 3 Largest employers 7 Infrastructure 7 1 Transportation 7 2 Energy 7 3 Affordable housing 8 Education 8 1 Public school districts 8 2 Colleges and universities 8 3 Research institutes 9 Law and government 9 1 Government 9 1 1 State agencies 9 2 Law 9 2 1 Prostitution 9 2 2 Divorce 9 2 3 Taxes 9 2 4 Gay rights 9 2 5 Incorporation 9 2 6 Financial institutions 9 2 7 Alcohol and other drugs 9 2 8 Smoking 9 2 9 Crime 10 Politics 10 1 State politics 10 2 National politics 10 3 Elections 11 Culture 11 1 Entertainment and tourism 11 2 Sports 11 2 1 List of teams 11 2 1 1 Major professional teams 11 2 1 2 Minor professional teams 11 2 1 3 Amateur teams 11 2 1 4 College teams 12 Military 13 See also 14 Notes 15 References 16 External linksEtymology EditThe name Nevada comes from the Spanish adjective nevada neˈbada meaning snow covered or snowy 16 The state takes its name from the Nevada Territory which in turn was named for the Sierra Nevada 17 Nevadans pronounce the second syllable with the a of apple n ɪ ˈ v ae d e while some people from outside of the state pronounce it with the a of palm n ɪ ˈ v ɑː d e 18 Although the quality but not the length of the latter pronunciation could be perceived as closer to the Spanish pronunciation ae is near low front ɑ is low back and a is low front though often retracted to central a in Spanish it is not the pronunciation used by Nevadans State Assemblyman Harry Mortenson proposed a bill to recognize the alternative pronunciation of Nevada 19 though the bill was not supported by most legislators and never received a vote The Nevadan pronunciation is the one used by the state legislature At one time the state s official tourism organization TravelNevada stylized the name of the state as Nevăda with a breve over the a indicating the locally preferred pronunciation 20 which was also available as a license plate design until 2007 21 History EditMain article History of NevadaFurther information History of Las Vegas Native American history Edit Before the arrival of Europeans the earliest inhabitants were Native American tribes including the Goshute the Southern Paiute people the Mohave people and the Wasisiw Washoe people 22 23 Before 1861 Edit Main articles The Californias History and Alta California Further information Treaty of Cordoba Declaration of Independence of the Mexican Empire First Mexican Empire Provisional Government of Mexico First Mexican Republic Centralist Republic of Mexico Siete Leyes and Definitive treaty of peace and friendship between Mexico and Spain Mexico in 1824 Alta California included today s Nevada Francisco Garces was the first European in the area 24 Nevada was annexed as a part of the Spanish Empire in the northwestern territory of New Spain Administratively the area of Nevada was part of the Commandancy General of the Provincias Internas in the Viceroyalty of New Spain Nevada became a part of Alta California Upper California province in 1804 when the Californias were split With the Mexican War of Independence won in 1821 the province of Alta California became a territory state of Mexico with a small population Jedediah Smith entered the Las Vegas Valley in 1827 and Peter Skene Ogden traveled the Humboldt River in 1828 When the Mormons created the State of Deseret in 1847 they laid claim to all of Nevada within the Great Basin and the Colorado watershed They also founded the first white settlement in what is now Nevada Mormon Station modern day Genoa in 1851 In June 1855 William Bringhurst and 29 fellow Mormon missionaries from Utah arrived at a site just northeast of downtown Las Vegas and built a 150 foot square adobe fort the first permanent structure erected in the valley which remained under the control of Salt Lake City until the winter of 1858 1859 As a result of the Mexican American War and the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo Mexico permanently lost Alta California in 1848 The new areas acquired by the United States continued to be administered as territories As part of the Mexican Cession 1848 and the subsequent California Gold Rush that used Emigrant Trails through the area the state s area evolved first as part of the Utah Territory then the Nevada Territory March 2 1861 named for the Sierra Nevada 25 Sculpture representing a steam locomotive in Ely Nevada Early locomotives played an important part in Nevada s mining industry The first discovery of a major U S deposit of silver ore occurred in Comstock Lode under Virginia City Nevada in 1859 Separation from Utah Territory Edit Main articles Utah Territory Organic act List of organic acts Nevada Territory and Nevada in the American Civil War Nevada territory in 1861 On March 2 1861 the Nevada Territory separated from the Utah Territory and adopted its current name shortened from The Sierra Nevada Spanish for snow covered mountain range The 1861 southern boundary is commemorated by Nevada Historical Markers 57 and 58 in Lincoln and Nye counties Statehood 1864 Edit Main articles Admission to the Union List of U S states by date of admission to the Union Nevada in the American Civil War and Constitution of Nevada Eight days before the presidential election of 1864 Nevada became the 36th state in the Union despite lacking the minimum 60 000 residents that Congress typically required a potential state to have in order to become a state 26 At the time Nevada s population was little more than 10 000 Governor Nye was frustrated that previous attempts to send the constitution via overland mail and by sea had failed by October 24 so on October 26 the full text was sent by telegraph at a cost of 4 303 27 27 d the most costly telegraph on file at the time for a single dispatch equivalent to 74 556 44 in 2021 Finally the response from Washington came on October 31 1864 the pain is over the child is born Nevada this day was admitted into the Union Statehood was rushed to the date of October 31 to help ensure Abraham Lincoln s reelection on November 8 and post Civil War Republican dominance in Congress 28 as Nevada s mining based economy tied it to the more industrialized Union As it turned out however Lincoln and the Republicans won the election handily and did not need Nevada s help Nevada is one of only two states to significantly expand its borders after admission to the Union with the other being Missouri which acquired additional territory in 1837 due to the Platte Purchase In 1866 another part of the western Utah Territory was added to Nevada in the eastern part of the state setting the current eastern boundary Nevada achieved its current southern boundaries on January 18 1867 when it absorbed the portion of Pah Ute County in the Arizona Territory west of the Colorado River essentially all of present day Nevada south of the 37th parallel The transfer was prompted by the discovery of gold in the area and officials thought Nevada would be better able to oversee the expected population boom This area includes most of what is now Clark County and the Las Vegas metropolitan area Mining shaped Nevada s economy for many years see Silver mining in Nevada When Mark Twain lived in Nevada during the period described in Roughing It mining had led to an industry of speculation and immense wealth Both mining and population temporarily declined in the late 19th century However the rich silver strike at Tonopah in 1900 followed by strikes in Goldfield and Rhyolite created a second mining boom in Nevada and Nevada s population Gambling and labor Edit Unregulated gambling was commonplace in the early Nevada mining towns but was outlawed in 1909 as part of a nationwide anti gambling crusade Because of subsequent declines in mining output and the decline of the agricultural sector during the Great Depression Nevada again legalized gambling on March 19 1931 with approval from the legislature Governor Fred B Balzar s signature enacted the most liberal divorce laws in the country and open gambling The reforms came just eight days after the federal government presented the 49 million construction contract for Boulder Dam now Hoover Dam 29 Nuclear testing Edit The Nevada Test Site 65 miles 105 km northwest of the city of Las Vegas was founded on January 11 1951 for the testing of nuclear weapons The site consists of about 1 350 square miles 3 500 km2 of the desert and mountainous terrain Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site began with a 1 kiloton of TNT 4 2 TJ nuclear bomb dropped on Frenchman Flat on January 27 1951 The last atmospheric test was conducted on July 17 1962 and the underground testing of weapons continued until September 23 1992 The location is known for having the highest concentration of nuclear detonated weapons in the U S Over 80 of the state s area is owned by the federal government The primary reason for this is homesteads were not permitted in large enough sizes to be viable in the arid conditions that prevail throughout desert Nevada Instead early settlers would homestead land surrounding a water source and then graze livestock on the adjacent public land which is useless for agriculture without access to water this pattern of ranching still prevails 2020s Edit The COVID 19 pandemic was confirmed to have reached the U S state of Nevada on March 5 2020 Because of concerns about coronavirus disease 2019 COVID 19 Nevada governor Steve Sisolak declared a state of emergency on March 12 2020 Four days later Nevada reported its first death On March 17 2020 Sisolak ordered the closure of non essential businesses in the state to help prevent the spread of the coronavirus Grocery stores were among the businesses considered essential and restaurants were allowed to provide drive thru takeout and delivery services At the end of March 2020 Sisolak announced a 90 day moratorium on evictions and foreclosures for commercial and residential tenants The moratorium would be extended several times over the next year Various protests were held against Sisolak s shutdown order beginning in April 2020 Las Vegas mayor Carolyn Goodman was also critical of the shutdown and its length urging Sisolak to reopen the state Goodman was widely criticized after suggesting that Las Vegas become a control group to test the effectiveness of social distancing Nevada launched the first phase of its reopening on May 9 2020 Restaurants retailers outdoor malls and hair salons were among the businesses allowed to reopen but with precautions in place such as limiting occupancy to 50 percent A second phase went into effect on May 29 2020 It allowed for the reopening of state parks and businesses such as bars gyms and movie theaters Casinos began reopening on June 4 2020 Geography EditThis article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Nevada news newspapers books scholar JSTOR December 2021 Learn how and when to remove this template message Mountains west of Las Vegas in the Mojave Desert A valley near Pyramid Lake Topographic map of Nevada Nevada is almost entirely within the Basin and Range Province and is broken up by many north south mountain ranges Most of these ranges have endorheic valleys between them Much of the northern part of the state is within the Great Basin a mild desert that experiences hot temperatures in the summer and cold temperatures in the winter Occasionally moisture from the Arizona Monsoon will cause summer thunderstorms Pacific storms may blanket the area with snow The state s highest recorded temperature was 125 F 52 C in Laughlin elevation of 605 feet or 184 meters on June 29 1994 30 The coldest recorded temperature was 52 F 47 C set in San Jacinto in 1972 in the northeastern portion of the state 30 The Humboldt River crosses the state from east to west across the northern part of the state draining into the Humboldt Sink near Lovelock Several rivers drain from the Sierra Nevada eastward including the Walker Truckee and Carson rivers All of these rivers are endorheic basins ending in Walker Lake Pyramid Lake and the Carson Sink respectively However not all of Nevada is within the Great Basin Tributaries of the Snake River drain the far north while the Colorado River which also forms much of the boundary with Arizona drains much of southern Nevada The mountain ranges some of which have peaks above 13 000 feet 4 000 m harbor lush forests high above desert plains creating sky islands for endemic species The valleys are often no lower in elevation than 3 000 feet 910 m while some in central Nevada are above 6 000 feet 1 800 m Little Finland rock formation in Nevada The southern third of the state where the Las Vegas area is situated is within the Mojave Desert The area receives less rain in the winter but is closer to the Arizona Monsoon in the summer The terrain is also lower mostly below 4 000 feet 1 200 m creating conditions for hot summer days and cool to chilly winter nights Nevada and California have by far the longest diagonal line in respect to the cardinal directions as a state boundary at just over 400 miles 640 km This line begins in Lake Tahoe nearly 4 miles 6 4 km offshore in the direction of the boundary and continues to the Colorado River where the Nevada California and Arizona boundaries merge 12 miles 19 km southwest of the Laughlin Bridge The largest mountain range in the southern portion of the state is the Spring Mountain Range just west of Las Vegas The state s lowest point is along the Colorado River south of Laughlin Nevada has 172 mountain summits with 2 000 feet 610 m of prominence Nevada ranks second in the United States by the number of mountains behind Alaska and ahead of California Montana and Washington 31 Climate Edit Further information Climate change in Nevada Koppen climate types of Nevada using 1991 2020 climate normals Nevada is the driest state in the United States 32 It is made up of mostly desert and semi arid climate regions and with the exception of the Las Vegas Valley the average summer diurnal temperature range approaches 40 F 22 C in much of the state While winters in northern Nevada are long and fairly cold the winter season in the southern part of the state tends to be of short duration and mild Most parts of Nevada receive scarce precipitation during the year The most rain that falls in the state falls on the east and northeast slopes of the Sierra Nevada The average annual rainfall per year is about 7 inches 180 mm the wettest parts get around 40 inches 1 000 mm Nevada s highest recorded temperature is 125 F 52 C at Laughlin on June 29 1994 and the lowest recorded temperature is 50 F 46 C at San Jacinto on January 8 1937 Nevada s 125 F 52 C reading is the third highest statewide record high temperature of a U S state just behind Arizona s 128 F 53 C reading and California s 134 F 57 C reading Average daily maximum and minimum temperatures for selected cities in Nevada 33 Location July F July C December F December C Max Min Max Min Max Min Max MinLas Vegas 106 81 41 27 56 38 13 3Reno 92 57 33 14 45 25 7 4Carson City 89 52 32 11 45 22 7 5Elko 90 50 32 10 37 14 2 9Fallon 92 54 33 12 45 19 7 7Winnemucca 93 52 34 11 41 17 5 8Laughlin 112 80 44 27 65 43 18 6Flora and fauna Edit The vegetation of Nevada is diverse and differs by state area Nevada contains six biotic zones alpine sub alpine ponderosa pine pinion juniper sagebrush and creosotebush 34 Counties Edit Further information List of counties in Nevada The Las Vegas Strip looking South Carson City Mint in Carson City Carson City is an independent city and the capital of Nevada Nevada is divided into political jurisdictions designated as counties Carson City is officially a consolidated municipality meaning it legally functions as both a city and a county As of 1919 there were 17 counties in the state ranging from 146 to 18 159 square miles 380 to 47 030 km2 Lake County one of the original nine counties formed in 1861 was renamed Roop County in 1862 Part of the county became Lassen County California in 1864 resolving border uncertainty In 1883 Washoe County annexed the portion that remained in Nevada 35 In 1969 Ormsby County was dissolved and the Consolidated Municipality of Carson City was created by the Legislature in its place coterminous with the old boundaries of Ormsby County Bullfrog County was formed in 1987 from part of Nye County After the creation was declared unconstitutional the county was abolished in 1989 35 Humboldt County was designated as a county in 1856 by Utah Territorial Legislature and again in 1861 by the new Nevada Legislature Clark County is the most populous county in Nevada accounting for nearly three quarters of its residents Las Vegas Nevada s most populous city has been the county seat since the county was created in 1909 from a portion of Lincoln County Nevada Before that it was a part of Arizona Territory Clark County attracts numerous tourists An estimated 44 million people visited Clark County in 2014 36 Washoe County is the second most populous county of Nevada Its county seat is Reno Washoe County includes the Reno Sparks metropolitan area Lyon County is the third most populous county It was one of the nine original counties created in 1861 It was named after Nathaniel Lyon the first Union General to be killed in the Civil War Its current county seat is Yerington Its first county seat was established at Dayton on November 29 1861 37 Nevada counties County name County seat Year founded 2021 population 38 Percent of total Area mi2 Percent of total Population density mi2 Carson City Carson City 1861 58 993 1 88 157 0 14 407 80Churchill Fallon 1861 25 723 0 82 5 024 4 54 5 22Clark Las Vegas 1908 2 292 476 72 92 8 061 7 29 290 52Douglas Minden 1861 49 870 1 59 738 0 67 70 24Elko Elko 1869 53 915 1 71 17 203 15 56 3 14Esmeralda Goldfield 1861 743 0 02 3 589 3 25 0 21Eureka Eureka 1869 1 903 0 06 4 180 3 78 0 46Humboldt Winnemucca 1856 1861 17 648 0 56 9 658 8 73 1 83Lander Battle Mountain 1861 5 734 0 18 5 519 4 99 1 04Lincoln Pioche 1867 4 525 0 14 10 637 9 62 0 43Lyon Yerington 1861 60 903 1 94 2 024 1 83 30 44Mineral Hawthorne 1911 4 586 0 15 3 813 3 45 1 22Nye Tonopah 1864 53 450 1 70 18 199 16 46 2 94Pershing Lovelock 1919 6 741 0 21 6 067 5 49 1 12Storey Virginia City 1861 4 143 0 13 264 0 24 15 75Washoe Reno 1861 493 392 15 69 6 542 5 92 78 29White Pine Ely 1869 9 182 0 29 8 897 8 05 1 03Totals Counties 17 3 143 991 110 572 28 64Settlements Edit Largest cities or towns in Nevada Source 39 Rank Name County Pop Las Vegas Henderson 1 Las Vegas Clark 641 903 Reno North Las Vegas2 Henderson Clark 317 6103 Reno Washoe 264 1654 North Las Vegas Clark 262 5275 Enterprise Clark 221 8316 Spring Valley Clark 215 5977 Sunrise Manor Clark 205 6188 Paradise Clark 191 2389 Sparks Washoe 108 44510 Carson City Carson City 58 639Parks and recreation areas Edit Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area Calico basin Great Basin National Park The quartzite of Doso Doyabi in Great Basin National Park Valley of Fire State Park Mount Charleston Recreation areas maintained by the federal government Edit Northern Nevada Edit California National Historic Trail Humboldt National Forest Great Basin National Park Old Spanish National Historic Trail Pony Express National Historic TrailSouthern Nevada Edit Ash Meadows National Wildlife Preserve Bootleg Canyon Mountain Bike Park Toiyabe National Forest Inyo National Forest Mount Charleston and the Mount Charleston Wilderness Spring Mountains and the Spring Mountains National Recreation Area Lake Mead National Recreation Area Death Valley National Park Red Rock Canyon National Conservation AreaWilderness Edit Further information List of wilderness areas in Nevada There are 68 designated wilderness areas in Nevada protecting some 6 579 014 acres 2 662 433 ha under the jurisdiction of the National Park Service U S Forest Service and Bureau of Land Management 40 State parks Edit Further information List of Nevada state parks The Nevada state parks comprise protected areas managed by the state of Nevada including state parks state historic sites and state recreation areas There are 24 state park units including Van Sickle Bi State Park which opened in July 2011 and is operated in partnership with the state of California 41 Demographics EditPopulation Edit See also Hispanics and Latinos in Nevada and Basque Americans in Nevada Population density map of Nevada Historical populationCensus Pop 18606 857 187042 941526 2 188062 26645 0 189047 355 23 9 190042 335 10 6 191081 87593 4 192077 407 5 5 193091 05817 6 1940110 24721 1 1950160 08345 2 1960285 27878 2 1970488 73871 3 1980800 49363 8 19901 201 83350 1 20001 998 25766 3 20102 700 55135 1 20203 104 61415 0 2021 est 3 143 9911 3 Source 1910 2020 42 The United States Census Bureau determined Nevada had a population of 3 104 614 at the 2020 U S census In 2021 the estimated population of Nevada was 3 143 991 an increase of 39 377 residents 1 27 since the 2020 census 43 Nevada had the highest percentage growth in population from 2017 to 2018 At the 2020 census 6 0 of the state s population were reported as under 5 22 5 were under 18 and 16 1 were 65 or older Females made up about 49 8 of the population Since the 2020 census the population of Nevada had a natural increase of 2 374 the net difference between 42 076 births and 39 702 deaths and an increase due to net migration of 36 605 of which 34 280 was due to domestic and 2 325 was due to international migration 44 The center of population of Nevada is in southern Nye County 45 In this county the unincorporated town of Pahrump 60 miles 97 km west of Las Vegas on the California state line has grown very rapidly from 1980 to 2020 At the 2020 census the town had 44 738 residents 46 Las Vegas grew from a gulch of 100 people in 1900 to 10 000 by 1950 to 100 000 by 1970 and was America s fastest growing city and metropolitan area from 1960 to 2000 From about the 1940s until 2003 Nevada was the fastest growing state in the U S percentage wise Between 1990 and 2000 Nevada s population increased by 66 while the nation s population increased by 13 More than two thirds of the population live in Clark County which is coextensive with the Las Vegas metropolitan area Thus in terms of population Nevada is one of the most centralized states in the nation Henderson and North Las Vegas are among the top 20 fastest growing U S cities with populations over 100 000 The rural community of Mesquite 65 miles 105 km northeast of Las Vegas was an example of micropolitan growth in the 1990s and 2000s Other desert towns like Indian Springs and Searchlight on the outskirts of Las Vegas have seen some growth as well Since 1950 the rate of population born in Nevada has never peaked above 27 percent the lowest rate of all states In 2012 only 25 of Nevadans were born in Nevada 47 Ethnic composition as of the 2020 census Race and Ethnicity 48 Alone TotalWhite non Hispanic 45 9 45 9 50 6 50 6 Hispanic or Latino e 28 7 28 7 Multiracial 14 0 14 African American non Hispanic 9 4 9 4 11 1 11 1 Asian 8 6 8 6 10 7 10 7 Native American 0 8 0 8 2 1 2 1 Pacific Islander 0 7 0 7 1 5 1 5 Other 0 6 0 6 1 4 1 4 According to the 2017 American Community Survey 28 2 of Nevada s population were of Hispanic or Latino origin of any race Mexican 21 4 Puerto Rican 0 9 Cuban 1 0 and other Hispanic or Latino origin 4 8 49 The five largest non Hispanic White ancestry groups were German 11 3 Irish 9 0 English 6 9 Italian 5 8 and American 4 7 49 Map of counties in Nevada by racial plurality per the 2020 censusLegend Non Hispanic White 30 40 50 60 60 70 70 80 80 90 In 1980 non Hispanic whites made up 83 3 of the state s population 50 Nevada historical racial composition Racial composition 1970 50 1990 50 2000 51 2010 52 White 86 7 78 7 65 2 66 2 Black 5 7 6 6 6 8 8 1 Asian 0 7 3 2 4 5 7 2 Native 1 6 1 6 1 3 1 2 Other race 0 3 4 4 8 0 12 0 Two or more races 3 8 4 7 Hispanic or Latino of any race 5 6 10 4 19 7 26 5 As of 2011 63 6 of Nevada s population younger than age 1 were minorities 53 Las Vegas is a majority minority city According to the United States Census Bureau estimates as of July 1 2018 non Hispanic Whites made up 48 7 of Nevada s population 54 In Douglas Mineral and Pershing counties a plurality of residents are of Mexican ancestry In Nye County and Humboldt County residents are mostly of German ancestry Washoe County has many Irish Americans Americans of English descent form pluralities in Lincoln County Churchill County Lyon County White Pine County and Eureka County Asian Americans lived in the state since the California Gold Rush of the 1850s brought thousands of Chinese miners to Washoe county They were followed by a few hundred Japanese farmworkers in the late 19th century By the late 20th century many immigrants from China Japan Korea the Philippines Bangladesh India and Vietnam came to the Las Vegas metropolitan area The city now has one of America s most prolific Asian American communities with a mostly Chinese and Taiwanese area known as Chinatown west of I 15 on Spring Mountain Road Filipino Americans form the largest Asian American group in the state with a population of more than 113 000 They comprise 56 5 of the Asian American population in Nevada and constitute about 4 3 of the entire state s population 55 Mining booms drew many Greek and Eastern European immigrants to Nevada 56 In the early twentieth century Greeks Slavs Danes Japanese Italians and Basques poured into Nevada 57 Native American tribes in Nevada are the Northern and Southern Paiute Western Shoshone Goshute Hualapai Washoe and Ute tribes 58 Whites remain the largest racial or ethnic group in Nevada 59 Hispanics are the fastest growing ethnic group in Nevada 60 There is a growing Mexican and Central American population in Nevada Many of Nevada s Latino immigrants are from Mexico Guatemala and El Salvador 61 Nevada also has a growing multiracial population 62 The top countries of origin for immigrants in Nevada were Mexico 39 5 percent of immigrants the Philippines 14 3 percent El Salvador 5 2 percent China 3 1 percent and Cuba 3 percent 63 The most common ancestries in Nevada include Mexican German Irish English Italian and Asian 64 Nevada is the third most diverse state in the country behind only Hawaii and California 65 66 Birth dataNote Births within the table do not add up due to Hispanics being counted both by their ethnicity and by their race giving a higher overall number Live Births by Single Race Ethnicity of Mother Race 2013 67 2014 68 2015 69 2016 70 2017 71 2018 72 2019 73 2020 74 White 27 293 77 9 27 638 77 1 27 648 76 2 non Hispanic White 14 951 42 7 15 151 42 2 14 937 41 2 13 918 38 4 13 171 36 8 13 021 36 5 12 479 35 6 11 602 34 5 Black 4 215 12 0 4 603 12 8 4 803 13 2 4 205 11 6 4 471 12 5 4 564 12 8 4 514 12 9 4 533 13 5 Asian 3 097 8 8 3 145 8 8 3 337 9 2 2 666 7 3 2 685 7 5 2 613 7 3 2 587 7 4 2 467 7 3 Pacific Islander 308 0 8 322 0 9 340 1 0 372 1 1 358 1 1 American Indian 425 1 2 475 1 3 510 1 4 303 0 8 305 0 9 280 0 8 277 0 8 234 0 7 Hispanic of any race 12 718 36 3 13 006 36 3 13 225 36 4 13 391 36 9 13 176 36 8 13 307 37 3 13 238 37 7 12 763 37 9 Total Nevada 35 030 100 35 861 100 36 298 100 36 260 100 35 756 100 35 682 100 35 072 100 33 653 Since 2016 data for births of White Hispanic origin are not collected but included in one Hispanic group persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race The Winnemucca Sand Dunes north of Winnemucca Downtown Reno East Las Vegas suburbs A small percentage of Nevada s population lives in rural areas The culture of these places differs significantly from major metropolitan areas People in these rural counties tend to be native Nevada residents unlike in the Las Vegas and Reno areas where the vast majority of the population was born in another state The rural population is also less diverse in terms of race and ethnicity Mining plays an important role in the economies of the rural counties with tourism being less prominent 75 Ranching also has a long tradition in rural Nevada 76 Locations by per capita income Edit Ranked by per capita income in 2000 Rank Place Per capita income County1 Incline Village Crystal Bay 52 521 Washoe2 Kingsbury 41 421 Douglas3 Mount Charleston 38 821 Clark4 Verdi Mogul 38 233 Washoe5 Zephyr Cove Round Hill Village 37 218 Douglas6 Summerlin South 33 017 Clark7 Blue Diamond 30 479 Clark8 Minden 30 405 Douglas9 Boulder City 29 770 Clark10 Spanish Springs 26 908 WashoeFurther information Nevada locations by per capita incomeReligion Edit Religion in Nevada 77 Religion PercentProtestant 35 Unaffiliated 28 Catholic 25 Mormon 4 Jewish 2 Buddhist 0 5 Hindu 0 1 Muslim 0 1 Church attendance in Nevada is among the lowest of all U S states In a 2009 Gallup poll only 30 of Nevadans said they attended church weekly or almost weekly compared to 42 of all Americans only four states were found to have a lower attendance rate than Nevada s 78 In 2020 the Public Religion Research Institute determined 67 of the population were Christian 79 reflecting a 1 increase in religiosity from 2014 s separate Pew study 80 Major religious affiliations of the people of Nevada were according to the Pew Research Center in 2014 Protestant 35 Irreligious 28 Roman Catholic 25 Latter day Saints 4 Jewish 2 Hindu less than 1 Buddhist 0 5 and Muslim less than 0 1 Parts of Nevada in the eastern parts of the state are situated in the Mormon Corridor The largest denominations by number of adherents in 2010 were the Roman Catholic Church with 451 070 The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter day Saints with 175 149 and the Southern Baptist Convention with 45 535 Buddhist congregations 14 727 Bahaʼi Faith 1 723 and Muslim 1 700 81 The Jewish community is represented by The Rohr Jewish Learning Institute and Chabad 82 83 According to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter day Saints 6 2 of Nevadans are adherents making it the sixth highest percentage state in the Union 84 Languages Edit The most common non English languages spoken in Nevada are Spanish Tagalog and Chinese 85 Indigenous languages of Nevada include Northern Paiute the Southern Paiute Shoshone and Washo 86 Economy EditSee also Nevada locations by per capita income Nevada quarter MGM Grand with sign promoting it as The City of Entertainment Lake Tahoe on the Nevada California border Goldstrike Post Betze Mine in the Carlin Trend the largest Carlin type deposit in the world containing more than 35 000 000 troy ounces 1 100 t gold 87 Cattle near the Bruneau River in Elko County Ranching in Washoe County The economy of Nevada is tied to tourism especially entertainment and gambling related mining and cattle ranching Nevada s industrial outputs are tourism entertainment mining machinery printing and publishing food processing and electric equipment The Bureau of Economic Analysis 88 89 estimates Nevada s total state product in 2018 was 170 billion 90 The state s per capita personal income in 2020 was 53 635 ranking 31st in the nation 91 Nevada s state debt in 2012 was calculated to be 7 5 billion or 3 100 per taxpayer 92 As of May 2021 the state s unemployment rate was 7 8 93 Mining Edit Main articles Gold mining in Nevada and Silver mining in Nevada In portions of the state outside of the Las Vegas and Reno metropolitan areas mining plays a major economic role By value gold is by far the most important mineral mined In 2004 6 800 000 ounces 190 000 000 g of gold worth 2 84 billion were mined in Nevada and the state accounted for 8 7 of world gold production Silver is a distant second with 10 300 000 ounces 290 000 000 g worth 69 million mined in 2004 94 Other minerals mined in Nevada include construction aggregates copper gypsum diatomite and lithium Despite its rich deposits the cost of mining in Nevada is generally high and output is very sensitive to world commodity prices Cattle ranching Edit Cattle ranching is a major economic activity in rural Nevada Nevada s agricultural outputs are cattle hay alfalfa dairy products onions and potatoes As of January 1 2006 there were an estimated 500 000 head of cattle and 70 000 head of sheep in Nevada 95 Most of these animals forage on rangeland in the summer with supplemental feed in the winter Calves are generally shipped to out of state feedlots in the fall to be fattened for the market Over 90 of Nevada s 484 000 acres 196 000 ha of cropland is used to grow hay mostly alfalfa for livestock feed This livestock is usually used for food Largest employers Edit The largest employers in the state as of the first fiscal quarter of 2011 are the following according to the Nevada Department of Employment Training and Rehabilitation 96 Rank Employer1 Clark County School District2 Washoe County School District3 Clark County4 Wynn Las Vegas5 Bellagio LLC6 MGM Grand Hotel Casino7 Aria Resort amp Casino LLC8 Mandalay Bay Resort and Casino9 Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department10 Caesars Palace11 University of Nevada Las Vegas12 The Venetian Casino Resort13 The Cosmopolitan of Las Vegas14 The Mirage Casino Hotel15 University of Nevada Reno16 University Medical Center of Southern Nevada17 The Palazzo Casino Resort18 Flamingo Las Vegas Operating Company LLC19 Encore Las Vegas20 Luxor Las VegasInfrastructure EditTransportation Edit State route shield U S Route 50 also known as The Loneliest Road in America Amtrak s California Zephyr train uses the Union Pacific s original transcontinental railroad line in daily service from Chicago to Emeryville California serving Elko Winnemucca and Reno Las Vegas has had no passenger train service since Amtrak s Desert Wind was discontinued in 1997 Amtrak Thruway Motorcoaches provide connecting service from Las Vegas to trains at Needles California Los Angeles and Bakersfield California and from Stateline Nevada to Sacramento California There have been a number of proposals to re introduce service to either Los Angeles or Southern California The Union Pacific Railroad has some railroads in the north and south of Nevada Greyhound Lines provide some bus service to the state Interstate 15 I 15 passes through the southern tip of the state serving Las Vegas and other communities I 215 and I 515 also serve the Las Vegas metropolitan area I 80 crosses through the northern part of Nevada roughly following the path of the Humboldt River from Utah in the east and the Truckee River westward through Reno into California It has a spur route I 580 Nevada also is served by several U S highways US 6 US 50 US 93 US 95 and US 395 There are also 189 Nevada state routes Many of Nevada s counties have a system of county routes as well though many are not signed or paved in rural areas Nevada is one of a few states in the U S that do not have a continuous interstate highway linking its two major population centers the road connection between the Las Vegas and Reno areas is a combination of several different Interstate and U S highways The Interstate 11 proposed routing may eventually remedy this The state is one of just a few in the country to allow semi trailer trucks with three trailers what might be called a road train in Australia But American versions are usually smaller in part because they must ascend and descend some fairly steep mountain passes RTC Transit is the public transit system in the Las Vegas metropolitan area The agency is the largest transit agency in the state and operates a network of bus service across the Las Vegas Valley including the use of The Deuce double decker buses on the Las Vegas Strip and several outlying routes RTC RIDE operates a system of local transit bus service throughout the Reno Sparks metropolitan area Other transit systems in the state include Carson City s JAC Most other counties in the state do not have public transportation at all Additionally a 4 mile 6 4 km monorail system provides public transportation in the Las Vegas area The Las Vegas Monorail line services several casino properties and the Las Vegas Convention Center on the east side of the Las Vegas Strip running near Paradise Road with a possible future extension to Harry Reid International Airport Several hotels also run their own monorail lines between each other which are typically several blocks in length Harry Reid International Airport in Las Vegas is the busiest airport serving Nevada The Reno Tahoe International Airport formerly known as the Reno Cannon International Airport is the other major airport in the state Energy Edit See also List of power stations in Nevada External image Map of Nevada electricity gridNevada has had a thriving solar energy sector An independent study in 2013 concluded that solar users created a 36 million net benefit However in December 2015 the Public Utility Commission let the state s only power company NV Energy charge higher rates and fees to solar panel users leading to an immediate collapse of rooftop solar panel use 97 In December 1987 Congress amended the Nuclear Waste Policy Act to designate Yucca Mountain nuclear waste repository as the only site to be characterized as a permanent repository for all of the nation s highly radioactive waste 98 Affordable housing Edit Over the last six years the National Low Income Housing Coalition calculates the discrepancy between available affordable housing units and renters who earn below the poverty line In Nevada only 15 affordable rental homes are available per 100 extremely low income ELI households 99 The shortage extends to a deficit in supply of 71 358 affordable rental homes This is the largest discrepancy of any state The most notable catalyst for this shortage is The Great Recession and Housing Crisis of 2007 and 2008 Since then housing prices have increased while demand has increased and supply has struggled to match the increase in demand In addition to this low income service workers are slowly being pushed out by an influx of tech professionals In Nevada there is essentially a standard of six figure income to affordably rent a single family home 100 Considering the average salary in Nevada 54 842 per year this standard is on average unaffordable 101 The disproportionate cost of housing compared to average salary has led to 112 872 renters to be paying more than half of their yearly income towards housing 102 The definition of an affordable home is one that a household can obtain for 30 percent or less of its annual income So there is clearly a long way to go in order to close the gap between housing prices and relative income in the state Renters are looking for solutions to still be able to live in the state in a way that their income can support As a result single adults are being forced to split rent with other renters or move residences to farther outside metro areas One solution being offered is to increase the supply of higher income positions within the state to make things more affordable However this would require Nevadans to retrain in new jobs or careers Education EditEducation in Nevada is achieved through public and private elementary middle and high schools as well as colleges and universities A May 2015 educational reform law expanded school choice options to 450 000 Nevada students who are at up to 185 of the federal poverty level Education savings accounts ESAs are enabled by the new law to help pay the tuition for private schools Alternatively families can use funds in these accounts to also pay for textbooks and tutoring 103 104 Approximately 86 9 of Nevada residents have attained at least a high school degree or equivalent which is below the national average of 88 6 105 Public school districts Edit Public school districts in Nevada include Carson City School District Churchill County School District Clark County School District the fifth largest school district in the United States Douglas County School District Elko County School District Esmeralda County School District Eureka County School District Humboldt County School District Lander County School District Lincoln County School District Lyon County School District Mineral County School District Nye County School District Pershing County School District Storey County School District Washoe County School District White Pine County School District Colleges and universities Edit Nevada System of Higher Education University of Nevada Las Vegas UNLV University of Nevada Reno UNR Nevada State College NSC Truckee Meadows Community College TMCC Great Basin College College of Southern Nevada CSN Western Nevada College WNC Sierra Nevada College Touro University Nevada Roseman University of Health Sciences Research institutes Edit Desert Research InstituteThe Nevada Aerospace Hall of Fame provides educational resources and promotes the aerospace and aviation history of the state 106 Law and government EditGovernment Edit Main article Government of Nevada The Nevada State Legislative Building in Carson City Under the Constitution of the State of Nevada the powers of the Nevada government are divided among three separate departments the executive consisting of the governor of Nevada and their cabinet along with the other elected constitutional officers the legislative consisting of the Nevada Legislature which includes the Assembly and the Senate and the judicial consisting of the Supreme Court of Nevada and lower courts The governor is the chief magistrate of Nevada 107 the head of the executive department of the state s government 107 and the commander in chief of the state s military forces 108 The current governor is Steve Sisolak a Democrat The Nevada Legislature is a bicameral body divided into an Assembly and Senate Members of the Assembly serve two years and members of the Senate serve four years Both houses of the Nevada Legislature will be impacted by term limits starting in 2010 as senators and assemblymen women will be limited to a maximum of twelve years in each house by appointment or election which is a lifetime limit a provision of the constitution which was recently upheld by the Supreme Court of Nevada in a unanimous decision Each session of the legislature meets for a constitutionally mandated 120 days in every odd numbered year or longer if the governor calls a special session On December 18 2018 Nevada became the first in the United States with a female majority in its legislature Women hold nine of the 21 seats in the Nevada Senate and 23 of the 42 seats in the Nevada Assembly 109 The Supreme Court of Nevada is the state supreme court and the head of the Nevada Judiciary Original jurisdiction is divided between the district courts with general jurisdiction and justice courts and municipal courts both of limited jurisdiction Appeals from District Courts are made directly to the Nevada Supreme Court which under a deflective model of jurisdiction has the discretion to send cases to the Court of Appeals for final resolution 110 Incorporated towns in Nevada known as cities are given the authority to legislate anything not prohibited by law A recent movement has begun to permit home rule to incorporate Nevada cities to give them more flexibility and fewer restrictions from the Legislature Town Boards for unincorporated towns are limited local governments created by either the local county commission or by referendum and form a purely advisory role and in no way diminish the responsibilities of the county commission that creates them State agencies Edit Attorney General Department of Business amp Industry Department of Conservation amp Natural Resources Consumer Health Assistance Controller s Office Department of Corrections Nevada Department of Cultural Affairs Nevada Commission on Economic Development Department of Education Nevada Secretary of State Election Division Department of Employment Training amp Rehabilitation Gaming Control Board Governor s Office Nevada Film Office Department of Health and Human Services Department of Information Technology Department of Justice Lieutenant Governor Nevada Military Department Division of Minerals Commission on Mineral Resources Department of Motor Vehicles Department of Personnel Advisory Council for Prosecuting Attorneys Public Employees Benefit Program Public Employees Retirement System Department of Public Safety Nevada Public Utilities Commission Department of Secretary of State Department of Taxation Commission on Tourism Department of Transportation Nevada State Treasurer Universities and Community Colleges of Nevada Nevada Office of Veterans Services Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education Nevada Department of Wildlife Law Edit The courthouse of the Supreme Court of Nevada In 1900 Nevada s population was the smallest of all states and was shrinking as the difficulties of living in a barren desert began to outweigh the lure of silver for many early settlers Historian Lawrence Friedman has explained what happened next Nevada in a burst of ingenuity built an economy by exploiting its sovereignty Its strategy was to legalize all sorts of things that were illegal in California after the easy divorce came easy marriage and casino gaming Even prostitution is legal in Nevada in any county that decides to allow it Quite a few of them do 111 With the advent of air conditioning for summertime use and Southern Nevada s mild winters the fortunes of the state began to turn around as it did for Arizona making these two states the fastest growing in the Union Prostitution Edit See also Prostitution in Nevada Nevada is the only state where prostitution is legal in a licensed brothel in a county which has specifically voted to permit it It is illegal in larger jurisdictions such as Clark County which contains Las Vegas Washoe County which contains Reno and the independent city of Carson City Divorce Edit Nevada s early reputation as a divorce haven arose from the fact that before the no fault divorce revolution in the 1970s divorces were difficult to obtain in the United States Already having legalized gambling and prostitution Nevada continued the trend of boosting its profile by adopting one of the most liberal divorce statutes in the nation This resulted in Williams v North Carolina 1942 317 U S 287 1942 in which the U S Supreme Court ruled North Carolina had to give full faith and credit to a Nevada divorce The Court modified its decision in Williams v North Carolina 1945 325 U S 226 1945 by holding a state need not recognize a Nevada divorce unless one of the parties was domiciled there at the time the divorce was granted and the forum state was entitled to make its own determination As of 2009 Nevada s divorce rate was above the national average 112 Taxes Edit Nevada s tax laws are intended to draw new residents and businesses to the state Nevada has no personal income tax or corporate income tax 113 Since Nevada does not collect income data it cannot share such information with the federal government the IRS 114 The state sales tax similar to VAT or GST in Nevada is variable depending upon the county The statewide tax rate is 6 85 with five counties Elko Esmeralda Eureka Humboldt and Mineral charging this amount Counties may impose additional rates via voter approval or through approval of the state legislature therefore the applicable sales tax varies by county from 6 85 to 8 375 Clark County Clark County which includes Las Vegas imposes four separate county option taxes in addition to the statewide rate 0 25 for flood control 0 50 for mass transit 0 25 for infrastructure and 0 25 for more law enforcement In Washoe County which includes Reno the sales tax rate is 7 725 due to county option rates for flood control the ReTRAC train trench project and mass transit and an additional county rate approved under the Local Government Tax Act of 1991 115 The minimum Nevada sales tax rate changed on July 1 2009 116 The lodging tax rate in unincorporated Clark County which includes the Las Vegas Strip is 12 Within the boundaries of the cities of Las Vegas and Henderson the lodging tax rate is 13 Corporations such as Apple Inc allegedly have set up investment companies and funds in Nevada to avoid paying taxes 117 Gay rights Edit Main article Recognition of same sex unions in Nevada In 2009 the Nevada Legislature passed a bill creating a domestic partnership registry which enables gay couples to enjoy the same rights as married couples In June 2015 gay marriage became legal in Nevada due to the U S Supreme Court case Obergefell v Hodges Incorporation Edit Nevada provides a friendly environment for the formation of corporations and many especially California businesses have incorporated in Nevada to take advantage of the benefits of the Nevada statute Nevada corporations offer great flexibility to the board of directors and simplify or avoid many of the rules that are cumbersome to business managers in some other states In addition Nevada has no franchise tax although it does require businesses to have a license for which the business has to pay the state Financial institutions Edit Similarly many U S states have usury laws limiting the amount of interest a lender can charge but federal law allows corporations to import these laws from their home state Nevada has no cap on interest rates that may be agreed to in contracts 118 Alcohol and other drugs Edit See also Alcohol laws of Nevada and Cannabis in Nevada Nevada has very liberal alcohol laws Bars are permitted to remain open 24 hours with no last call Liquor stores convenience stores and supermarkets may also sell alcohol 24 hours per day and may sell beer wine and spirits In 2016 Nevada voters approved Question 2 which legalized the possession transportation and cultivation of personal use amounts of marijuana for adults age 21 years and older and authorized the creation of a regulated market for the sale of marijuana to adults age 21 years and older through state licensed retail outlets 119 Nevada voters had previously approved medical marijuana in 2000 but rejected marijuana legalization in a similar referendum in 2006 Marijuana in all forms remains illegal under federal law Aside from cannabis legalization non alcohol drug laws are a notable exception to Nevada s otherwise libertarian principles It is notable for having the harshest penalties for drug offenders in the country Nevada remains the only state to still use mandatory minimum sentencing guidelines for possession of drugs 120 The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration SAMHSA reported in their Behavioral Health Barometer for Nevada published in 2014 changes to substance abuse patterns and addiction across the southwestern state 121 Between 2012 and 2013 adolescents in Nevada abused illicit substances at a slightly higher percentage than nationally 10 2 percent of Nevada s adolescents abused illicit drugs compared to 9 2 percent across the United States Between 2009 and 2013 11 7 percent of all adolescents in the state reported abusing illicit intoxicating substances in the month prior to the survey this represents 25 000 adolescents Smoking Edit Nevada voters enacted a smoking ban The Nevada Clean Indoor Air Act in November 2006 which became effective on December 8 2006 It outlaws smoking in most workplaces and public places Smoking is permitted in bars but only if the bar serves no food or the bar is inside a larger casino Smoking is also permitted in casinos certain hotel rooms tobacco shops and brothels 122 However some businesses do not obey this law and the government tends not to enforce it 123 In 2011 smoking restrictions in Nevada were relaxed for certain places which allow only people 21 or older inside 124 Crime Edit Main article Crime in Nevada In 2006 the crime rate in Nevada was about 24 higher than the national average rate though crime has since decreased Property crimes accounted for about 85 of the total crime rate in Nevada which was 21 higher than the national rate The remaining 20 3 were violent crimes 125 A complete listing of crime data in the state for 2013 can be found here 126 Politics EditSee also Political party strength in Nevada Party registration as of September 2022 127 Party Total voters PercentageDemocratic 721 457 32 99 Republican 640 416 29 29 Independent American 97 235 4 45 Libertarian 21 156 0 97 Other parties 54 617 2 50 Nonpartisan 651 751 29 81 Total 2 186 632 100 00 State politics Edit Party registration by county February 2021 Democrat gt 30 Republican gt 40 Republican gt 50 Republican gt 60 Due to heavy growth in the southern portion of the state there is a noticeable divide between the politics of northern and southern Nevada Historically northern Nevada has been very Republican The more rural counties of the north are among the most conservative regions of the country Carson City the state s capital is a Republican leaning swing city county Washoe County home to Reno has historically been strongly Republican but now has become more of a Democratic leaning swing county like the state as a whole Clark County home to Las Vegas has been a stronghold for the Democratic Party since it was founded in 1909 having voted Republican only six times and once for a third party candidate citation needed Clark and Washoe counties have long dominated the state s politics Between them they cast 87 of Nevada s vote and elect a substantial majority of the state legislature The last Republican to carry Clark County was George H W Bush in 1988 and the last Republican to carry Washoe County was George W Bush in 2004 The great majority of the state s elected officials are from either Las Vegas or Reno citation needed In 2014 Republican Adam Laxalt despite losing both Clark and Washoe counties was elected Attorney General However he had lost Clark County only by 5 6 and Washoe County by 1 4 attributable to lower turnout in these counties 128 National politics Edit See also United States presidential elections in Nevada Nevada has voted for the winner in nearly every presidential election from 1912 to 2020 the only exceptions being 1976 when it voted for Gerald Ford over Jimmy Carter and 2016 when the state was carried by Hillary Clinton over Donald Trump This includes Nevada supporting Democrats John F Kennedy and Lyndon B Johnson in 1960 and 1964 respectively Republican Richard Nixon in 1968 and in 1972 Republican Ronald Reagan in 1980 and in 1984 Republican George H W Bush in 1988 Democrat Bill Clinton in 1992 and 1996 Republican George W Bush in 2000 and 2004 and Democrat Barack Obama winning the state in both 2008 and 2012 as well as Joe Biden in the 2020 election This gives the state status as a political bellwether From 1912 to 2020 Nevada has been carried by the presidential victor the most out of any state 27 of 29 elections In 2016 Nevada lost its bellwether status briefly when it narrowly cast its votes for Hillary Clinton Nevada regained it when Biden won in 2020 Nevada has been won by the winner of nearly every presidential election since its first in 1864 only being carried by the defeated candidate eight times since statehood most of which were before 1900 It was one of only three states won by John F Kennedy in the American West in the election of 1960 albeit narrowly 129 Presidential election results 130 Year Democratic Republican1960 51 2 54 880 48 8 52 3871964 58 6 79 339 41 4 56 0941968 39 3 60 598 47 5 73 1881972 36 3 66 016 63 7 115 7501976 45 8 92 479 50 2 101 2731980 26 9 66 666 62 5 155 0171984 32 0 91 655 65 9 188 7701988 37 9 132 738 58 8 206 0401992 37 4 189 148 34 7 175 8281996 43 9 203 974 42 9 199 2442000 46 0 279 978 49 5 301 5752004 47 9 397 190 50 5 418 6902008 55 2 533 736 42 7 412 8272012 52 4 531 373 45 7 463 5672016 47 9 539 260 45 5 512 0582020 50 1 703 486 47 7 669 890Hillary Clinton narrowly defeated Trump in Nevada in 2016 winning 47 92 of votes to Trump s 45 5 131 The state s U S Senators are Democrats Catherine Cortez Masto and Jacky Rosen The Governorship is held by Steve Sisolak a Democrat Elections Edit Main article Elections in Nevada Nevada is the only U S state to have a none of the above option available on its ballots Officially called None of These Candidates the option was first added to the ballot in 1975 and is used in all statewide elections including president US Senate and all state constitutional positions In the event None of These Candidates receives a plurality of votes in the election the candidate with the next highest total is elected 132 In a 2020 study Nevada was ranked as the 23rd on the Cost of Voting Index which is a measure of the ease of voting across the United States 133 Culture EditEntertainment and tourism Edit Resort areas like Las Vegas Reno Lake Tahoe and Laughlin attract visitors from around the nation and world In FY08 their 266 casinos not counting ones with annual revenue under a million dollars brought in 12 billion in gaming revenue and another 13 billion in non gaming revenue A review of gaming statistics can be found at Nevada gaming area Nevada has by far the most hotel rooms per capita in the United States According to the American Hotel and Lodging Association there were 187 301 rooms in 584 hotels of 15 or more rooms The state is ranked just below California Texas Florida and New York in the total number of rooms but those states have much larger populations Nevada has one hotel room for every 14 residents far above the national average of one hotel room per 67 residents 134 Prostitution is legal in parts of Nevada in licensed brothels but only counties with populations under 400 000 have the option to legalize it Although prostitution is not a major part of the Nevada economy employing roughly 300 women as independent contractors it is a very visible endeavor Of the 14 counties permitted to legalize prostitution under state law eight have chosen to legalize brothels State law prohibits prostitution in Clark County which contains Las Vegas and Washoe County which contains Reno However prostitution is legal in Storey County which is part of the Reno Sparks metropolitan area Sports Edit See also Las Vegas Sports Sports in the Las Vegas metropolitan area Reno Nevada Sports and Henderson Nevada Sports The Las Vegas Valley is home to the Vegas Golden Knights of the National Hockey League who began to play in the 2017 18 NHL season at T Mobile Arena on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise Nevada the Las Vegas Raiders of the National Football League who began play at Allegiant Stadium in Las Vegas in 2020 after moving from Oakland California and the Las Vegas Aces of the WNBA who began playing in 2018 at Mandalay Bay Events Center after relocating from San Antonio Nevada takes pride in college sports most notably its college football College teams in the state include the Nevada Wolf Pack representing the University of Nevada Reno and the UNLV Rebels representing the University of Nevada Las Vegas both in the Mountain West Conference MW UNLV is most remembered for its men s basketball program which experienced its height of supremacy in the late 1980s and early 1990s Coached by Jerry Tarkanian the Runnin Rebels became one of the most elite programs in the country In 1990 UNLV won the Men s Division I Championship by defeating Duke 103 73 which set tournament records for most points scored by a team and largest margin of victory in the national title game In 1991 UNLV finished the regular season undefeated a feat that would not be matched in Division I men s basketball for more than 20 years Forward Larry Johnson won several awards including the Naismith Award UNLV reached the Final Four yet again but lost their national semifinal against Duke 79 77 The Runnin Rebels were the Associated Press pre season No 1 back to back 1989 90 1990 91 North Carolina is the only other team to accomplish that 2007 08 2008 09 The state s involvement in major college sports is not limited to its local schools In the 21st century the Las Vegas area has become a significant regional center for college basketball conference tournaments The MW West Coast Conference and Western Athletic Conference all hold their men s and women s tournaments in the area and the Pac 12 holds its men s tournament there as well The Big Sky Conference after decades of holding its men s and women s conference tournaments at campus sites began holding both tournaments in Reno in 2016 Las Vegas has hosted several professional boxing matches most recently at the MGM Grand Garden Arena with bouts such as Mike Tyson vs Evander Holyfield Evander Holyfield vs Mike Tyson II Oscar De La Hoya vs Floyd Mayweather and Oscar De La Hoya vs Manny Pacquiao and at the newer T Mobile Arena with Canelo Alvarez vs Amir Khan Along with significant rises in popularity in mixed martial arts MMA a number of fight leagues such as the UFC have taken interest in Las Vegas as a primary event location due to the number of suitable host venues The Mandalay Bay Events Center and MGM Grand Garden Arena are among some of the more popular venues for fighting events such as MMA and have hosted several UFC and other MMA title fights The city has held the most UFC events with 86 events The state is also home to the Las Vegas Motor Speedway which hosts NASCAR s Pennzoil 400 and South Point 400 Two venues in the immediate Las Vegas area host major annual events in rodeo The Thomas amp Mack Center built for UNLV men s basketball hosts the National Finals Rodeo The PBR World Finals operated by the bull riding only Professional Bull Riders was also held at the Thomas amp Mack Center before moving to T Mobile Arena in 2016 The state is also home to famous tennis player Andre Agassi and current baseball superstar Bryce Harper List of teams Edit Major professional teams Edit Team Sport League Venue capacity Established TitlesLas Vegas Raiders Football NFL Allegiant Stadium 65 000 2020 3 f Vegas Golden Knights Ice hockey NHL T Mobile Arena 17 500 2017 0Las Vegas Aces Women s basketball WNBA Michelob Ultra Arena 12 000 2018 1Minor professional teams Edit Team Sport League Venue capacity Established TitlesLas Vegas Aviators Baseball MiLB AAA PCL Las Vegas Ballpark 10 000 1983 2Reno Aces Greater Nevada Field 9 013 2009 2NBA G League Ignite Basketball NBAGL Dollar Loan Center 5 567 are 2020 0Las Vegas Royals ABA 0Vegas Ballers TBL Tarkanian Basketball Center N A 0Vegas Vipers Football XFL 2022 0Henderson Silver Knights Ice hockey AHL Dollar Loan Center 5 567 2020 0Las Vegas Lights FC Soccer USLC Cashman Field 9 334 2018 0Nevada Storm Women s football WFA Damonte Ranch High School N A Fernley High School N A Galena High School N A 2008 0Sin City Trojans Desert Pines High School N A 0Vegas Knight Hawks Indoor football IFL Dollar Loan Center 6 019 2021 0Las Vegas Desert Dogs Box lacrosse NLL Michelob Ultra Arena 12 000 0Amateur teams Edit Team Sport League Venue capacity Established TitlesReno Ice Raiders Ice hockey MWHL Reno Ice 2015 0Vegas Jesters City National Arena 600 2012 0Las Vegas Thunderbirds USPHL 2019 0Las Vegas Legends Soccer NPSL Peter Johann Memorial Field 2 500 2021 0Nevada Coyotes FC UPSL Rio Vista Sports Complex N A 2016 0College teams Edit School Team League Division ConferenceUniversity of Nevada Las Vegas UNLV UNLV Rebels NCAA NCAA Division I Mountain WestUniversity of Nevada Reno UNR Nevada Wolf PackCollege of Southern Nevada CSN CSN Coyotes NJCAA NJCAA Division I Scenic WestWestern Nevada College WNC WNC WildcatsMilitary Edit A map that details the federal land in southern Nevada showing Nellis Air Force Base Complex and Nevada Test Site Several United States Navy ships have been named USS Nevada in honor of the state They include Nevada 1865 screw frigate USS Nevada BM 8 USS Nevada BB 36 USS Nevada SSBN 733 Area 51 is near Groom Lake a dry salt lake bed The much smaller Creech Air Force Base is in Indian Springs Nevada Hawthorne Army Depot in Hawthorne the Tonopah Test Range near Tonopah and Nellis AFB in the northeast part of the Las Vegas Valley Naval Air Station Fallon in Fallon NSAWC pronounced EN SOCK in western Nevada NSAWC consolidated three Command Centers into a single Command Structure under a flag officer on July 11 1996 The Naval Strike Warfare Center STRIKE U based at NAS Fallon since 1984 was joined with the Navy Fighter Weapons School TOPGUN and the Carrier Airborne Early Warning Weapons School TOPDOME which both moved from NAS Miramar as a result of a Base Realignment and Closure BRAC decision in 1993 which transferred that installation back to the Marine Corps as MCAS Miramar The Seahawk Weapon School was added in 1998 to provide tactical training for Navy helicopters These bases host a number of activities including the Joint Unmanned Aerial Systems Center of Excellence the Naval Strike and Air Warfare Center Nevada Test and Training Range Red Flag the U S Air Force Thunderbirds the United States Air Force Warfare Center the United States Air Force Weapons School and the United States Navy Fighter Weapons School See also Edit Nevada portal United States portalIndex of Nevada related articles Outline of Nevada organized list of topics about NevadaNotes Edit a b Elevation to North American Vertical Datum of 1988 The distinction of highest point in Nevada goes to the summit of Boundary Peak so named because it is very near the Nevada California border at the northern terminus of the White Mountains However Boundary Peak can be considered a subsidiary summit of Montgomery Peak whose summit is in California since the topographic prominence of Boundary Peak is only 253 feet 77 m which falls under the often used 300 foot 91 m cutoff for an independent peak Also Boundary Peak is less than 1 mile 1 6 km away from its higher neighbor Hence Boundary Peak can be described as not being wholly within Nevada By contrast the prominence of Wheeler Peak 13 063 feet 3 982 m is quite large and in fact it is the twelfth largest in the contiguous United States Wheeler Peak is the highest point in a radius of more than 200 square miles 520 km2 and is entirely within the state of Nevada Also sometimes placed in the Mountain West and Southwestern United States The National Archives press release states that the cost was 4 313 27 but the amount 4 303 27 is actually written on the document Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin are not distinguished between total and partial ancestry Two titles were won when the team was based in Oakland California and one was won when they were based in Los Angeles California References Edit Boundary NGS Data Sheet National Geodetic Survey National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration United States Department of Commerce Retrieved October 20 2011 a b Elevations and Distances in the United States United States Geological Survey 2001 Archived from the original on October 15 2011 Retrieved October 24 2011 United States Median Household Income United States Census Bureau United States Census Bureau Archived from the original on April 27 2021 Retrieved April 27 2021 Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas Population Totals 2010 2017 2017 Population Estimates United States Census Bureau Population Division Archived from the original on September 26 2018 Retrieved March 2 2019 City and Town Population Totals 2010 2017 Archived from the original on March 28 2019 Retrieved March 2 2019 Nevada in the American Civil War Wikipedia November 23 2022 retrieved January 1 2023 Rines George Edwin ed 1920 Sage brush State Encyclopedia Americana Federal Land Acres in Nevada PDF U S Dept of the Interior Bureau of Land Management Archived from the original PDF on September 30 2006 Retrieved May 7 2009 Rocha Guy Myth No 12 Why Did Nevada Become a State Archived October 24 2013 at the Wayback Machine Nevada State Library and Archives accessed January 9 2011 Race and Hispanic Origin 1790 to 1990 by State PDF Census gov US Census Archived from the original PDF on November 21 2014 Retrieved July 16 2014 Bible Bill Protect Gaming s Legacy Archived July 12 2017 at the Wayback Machine Las Vegas Sun August 11 2000 accessed January 9 2011 Jain Priya Betty Goes Reno Archived December 29 2017 at the Wayback Machine Slate July 21 2010 accessed January 9 2011 Nevada Employment amp Unemployment Estimates for November 2010 Archived May 25 2017 at the Wayback Machine Nevada Department of Employment Training and Rehabilitation Frequently Asked Questions Archived January 23 2018 at the Wayback Machine Nevada Mining Association accessed January 7 2011 Bornstein Seth February 15 2022 West megadrought worsens to driest in at least 1 200 years Las Vegas Sun Associated Press Archived from the original on March 6 2022 Retrieved September 12 2022 Nevada Wordreference com Archived from the original on December 25 2007 Retrieved February 24 2007 Nevada Search Online Etymology Dictionary Archived from the original on September 1 2021 Retrieved September 1 2021 Francis McCabe October 18 2018 You Say Nevada I Say Nevada Archived from the original on August 1 2019 Retrieved November 26 2019 Clifton Guy August 22 2010 You heard it right Bill would let them say Ne VAH da Reno Gazette Journal Archive org Wayback Machine view from December 29 2013 Nevada A World Within A State Apart Nevada Travel amp Tourism Travelnevada com Archived from the original on December 29 2013 Retrieved October 7 2016 Nevada Tourism License Plate dmvnv com Archived from the original on July 3 2019 Retrieved July 3 2019 History of Nevada Archived from the original on November 6 2021 Retrieved March 14 2022 Sapp Rick October 16 2018 Native Americans State by State ISBN 9780785835875 Archived from the original on April 17 2022 Retrieved March 25 2022 Explorers and Settlers in Nevada PDF Washoe County School District p 2 Archived PDF from the original on July 16 2011 Retrieved May 20 2010 Online Etymology Dictionary Archived from the original on June 6 2011 Retrieved May 20 2010 History of Nevada Archived June 8 2019 at the Wayback Machine Encyclopedia Britannica Retrieved June 9 2019 National Archives Celebrates the 145th Anniversary of Nevada Statehood National Archives of the United States September 23 2009 Archived from the original on October 20 2011 Retrieved November 4 2011 Rocha Guy Historical Myth a Month Why Did Nevada Become A State Archived January 13 2008 at the Wayback Machine Moe Al W Nevada s Golden Age of Gambling Puget Sound Books Archived March 13 2020 at the Wayback Machine 2002 p 18 a b National Climatic Data Center Asheville N C and Storm Phillips Stormfax Inc Nevada Archived November 30 2020 at the Wayback Machine PeakVisor Retrieved June 23 2020 Osborn Liz Driest states Currentresults com Archived from the original on January 17 2013 Retrieved January 17 2013 Nevada climate averages Weatherbase Archived from the original on October 9 2015 Retrieved November 11 2015 Federal Writers Project 1940 Nevada a guide to the Silver state US History Publishers p 11 ISBN 978 1 60354 027 8 a b Political History of Nevada Nevada State Library and Archives Archived from the original on September 27 2007 Retrieved August 17 2007 Visitors Clarkcountynv gov Archived from the original on July 17 2014 Retrieved July 27 2014 Laws of the Territory of Nevada passed at the first regular session of the Legislative Assembly San Francisco CA Valentine amp Co 1862 pp 289 291 Archived from the original on July 7 2014 Retrieved May 14 2014 Nevada s Census Population By County 2020 and 2021 Archived from the original on April 22 2022 Retrieved April 12 2022 2020 Nevada QuickFacts U S Census Bureau August 18 2021 Archived from the original on April 22 2022 Retrieved April 12 2022 Wilderness net Wilderness net Archived from the original on July 22 2010 Retrieved July 31 2010 O Daly Lisa Van Sickle Bi State Park Sierra Nevada Geotourism MapGuide Sierranevadageotourism org Archived from the original on September 26 2018 Retrieved September 25 2018 Historical Population Change Data 1910 2020 Census gov United States Census Bureau Archived from the original on April 29 2021 Retrieved May 1 2021 QuickFacts Nevada United States 2021 Population Estimates United States Census Bureau Population Division July 1 2021 Archived from the original on April 6 2022 Retrieved April 12 2022 Cumulative Estimates of the Components of Resident Population Change for the United States Regions States and Puerto Rico April 1 2020 to July 1 2021 xlsx U S Census Bureau December 21 2021 Archived from the original on March 24 2022 Retrieved April 12 2022 Download the Centers of Population by State 2020 txt U S Census Bureau Archived from the original on April 1 2022 Retrieved April 12 2022 Pahrump CDP QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau Quickfacts census gov Archived from the original on May 9 2022 Retrieved April 12 2022 Aisch Gregor Gebeloff Robert Quealy Kevin August 14 2014 Where We Came from and Where We Went State by State The New York Times Archived from the original on March 31 2019 Retrieved March 16 2019 Race and Ethnicity in the United States 2010 Census and 2020 Census census gov United States Census Bureau August 12 2021 Archived from the original on August 15 2021 Retrieved September 26 2021 a b 2017 American Community Survey Demographic and Housing Estimates United States Census Bureau Archived from the original on December 27 1996 Retrieved March 26 2020 a b c Historical Census Statistics on Population Totals By Race 1790 to 1990 and By Hispanic Origin 1970 to 1990 For The United States Regions Divisions and States Census gov Archived from the original on July 25 2008 Retrieved July 27 2014 Table 43 Nevada Race and Hispanic Origin 1860 to 1990 Archived May 14 2015 at the Wayback Machine PDF Profile of General Demographic Characteristics 2000 Archived July 24 2017 at the Wayback Machine PDF United States Census Bureau 2010 Census Data 2010 Census Data Census gov Archived from the original on May 22 2017 Retrieved July 27 2014 Americans under age 1 now mostly minorities but not in Ohio Statistical Snapshot Archived July 14 2016 at the Wayback Machine The Plain Dealer June 3 2012 U S Census Bureau QuickFacts Nevada United States Census Bureau Archived from the original on November 30 2018 Retrieved November 29 2018 Nevada Selected Population Profile in the United States United States Census Bureau Archived from the original on December 27 1996 Retrieved January 17 2013 Stefoff Rebecca 2010 Nevada ISBN 9780761447283 Archived from the original on February 20 2021 Retrieved October 19 2020 Shepperson Wilbur 1970 The Immigrant in Nevada s Short Stories and Biographical Essays PDF Nevada Historical Society Quarterly 13 3 3 Archived PDF from the original on July 26 2021 Retrieved July 26 2021 History of Nevada Indians Archived from the original on February 17 2020 Retrieved February 17 2020 Census data shows communities of color are the new Nevada Census Nevada ranks high in diversity Hispanics fuel growth Immigration and the Contours of Nevada s Latino Population First cut on census data Nevada is diversifying but it s complicated Immigrants in Nevada June 2015 Archived from the original on February 24 2020 Retrieved March 15 2020 Nevada Hawaii is most diverse state in the US census shows The Hill Census Nevada becomes more populous and diverse but growth slows data PDF www cdc gov Archived PDF from the original on September 25 2018 Retrieved September 25 2018 data PDF www cdc gov Archived PDF from the original on September 26 2018 Retrieved September 25 2018 data PDF www cdc gov Archived PDF from the original on September 26 2018 Retrieved September 25 2018 data PDF www cdc gov Archived PDF from the original on June 3 2018 Retrieved May 5 2018 Births Final Data for 2017 PDF Archived PDF from the original on February 1 2019 Retrieved February 21 2019 Data PDF www cdc gov Archived PDF from the original on November 28 2019 Retrieved December 21 2019 Data PDF www cdc gov Archived PDF from the original on June 23 2021 Retrieved March 30 2021 Data PDF www cdc gov Archived PDF from the original on February 10 2022 Retrieved February 20 2022 1 3 billion for 288 jobs The failure of government subsidized renewable energy Nevadabusiness com October 1 2012 Archived from the original on January 17 2013 Retrieved January 17 2013 Robison Jennifer May 3 2014 Before mining and gambling ranching shaped Nevada s culture Las Vegas Review Journal Archived from the original on November 7 2014 Retrieved November 7 2014 Pew Forum on Religion amp Public Life Religions pewforum org Archived from the original on May 6 2015 Retrieved July 31 2010 Mississippians Go to Church the Most Vermonters Least Gallup com February 17 2010 Archived from the original on September 27 2013 Retrieved July 27 2014 PRRI American Values Atlas ava prri org Retrieved September 17 2022 Religious Landscape Study Pew Research Center s Religion amp Public Life Project Retrieved September 17 2022 The Association of Religion Data Archives State Membership Report www thearda com Archived from the original on December 2 2013 Retrieved November 22 2013 Summerlin Area Community Events Calendar Oct 22 28 2015 GateHouse Media Inc Las Vegas Review Journal Archived from the original on November 2 2015 Retrieved November 8 2015 Chabad of Summerlin December 26 2012 Are you an Ethical Person Las Vegas Sun Archived from the original on January 1 2016 Retrieved November 8 2015 Where do the largest percentages of Latter day Saints live Check out these stats on states provinces and territories June 11 2021 Archived from the original on June 11 2021 Retrieved June 11 2021 Nevada Data USA Preserve Nevada Indigenous Languages Cultural Landmarks Among State s Most Endangered October 15 2021 Frank Dave Western Region Gold Deposits completed project Archived from the original on June 7 2013 Retrieved August 17 2013 Bureau of Economic Analysis Bea gov Archived from the original on January 16 2013 Retrieved January 17 2013 GDP by State Greyhill Advisors Archived from the original on January 13 2013 Retrieved September 23 2011 GDP and Personal Income Regional Data Bureau of Economic Analysis Archived from the original on March 29 2019 Retrieved April 25 2019 Per Capita Personal Income by State Annual FRED St Louis MO Federal Reserve Bank of St Louis Archived from the original on July 13 2021 Retrieved July 13 2021 The 34th worst state Truth in Accounting PDF statedatalab org Archived PDF from the original on August 10 2014 Retrieved July 27 2014 Nevada Economy at a Glance U S Bureau of Labor Statistics United States Department of Labor Archived from the original on July 13 2021 Retrieved July 13 2021 Nevada Mining Association Economic Overview of the Nevada Mining Industry 2004 Archived May 28 2006 at the Wayback Machine United States Department of Agriculture Nevada State Agriculture Overview 2005 Archived May 23 2006 at the Wayback Machine Nevada s Largest Employers Statewide Archived April 25 2012 at the Wayback Machine Nevada Workforce Informer Nevada Department of Employment Training and Rehabilitation Hernandez Dan Nevada solar industry collapses after state lets power company raise fees Archived February 18 2019 at the Wayback Machine The Guardian London January 13 2016 Retrieved on February 17 2017 Congress works to revive long delayed plan to store nuclear waste in Yucca Mountain USA Today June 3 2018 Archived from the original on August 1 2019 Retrieved November 14 2019 Sarah Holder March 13 2018 For Low Income Renters the Affordable Housing Gap Persists www bloomberg com Archived from the original on January 31 2022 Retrieved December 6 2021 Can Nevadans afford Nevada A look at the state s housing rental markets FOX5 Las Vegas Archived from the original on December 6 2021 Retrieved December 6 2021 Bureau US Census American Community Survey ACS Census gov Archived from the original on December 5 2021 Retrieved December 6 2021 KMJadmin Affordable Housing Nevada HAND Affordable Housing Las Vegas Nevada HAND Archived from the original on December 6 2021 Retrieved December 6 2021 School Choice Full Education Competition Comes To Nevada Investors Business Daily June 1 2015 Archived from the original on July 15 2015 Retrieved June 2 2015 Nevada Education Savings Accounts Archived from the original on July 7 2015 Retrieved June 5 2015 Nevada U S Census Bureau Nevada U S Census Bureau Archived from the original on June 15 2020 Retrieved July 28 2021 Nevada Aerospace Hall of Fame Nvahof org Archived from the original on January 17 2013 Retrieved January 17 2013 a b NV Const art V 1 NV Const art V 5 Price Michelle L December 18 2018 Nevada becomes 1st US state with female majority Legislature Associated Press Archived from the original on December 20 2018 Retrieved December 20 2018 Court of Appeals Nevada Judiciary Archived from the original on August 12 2017 Retrieved August 12 2017 Lawrence M Friedman American Law in the Twentieth Century New Haven Yale University Press 2002 pp 596 597 Nevada s divorce rate exceeds national average News ReviewJournal com Lvrj com August 25 2011 Archived from the original on May 24 2013 Retrieved January 17 2013 The Tax Foundation Tax Research Areas gt Nevada Tax Foundation Archived from the original on June 22 2012 Retrieved September 15 2010 Nicholas Shaxson Treasure Islands Tax Havens and the Men Who Stole the World The Bodley Head London 2011 Sales Tax Map PDF Archived from the original PDF on January 29 2013 Retrieved May 4 2013 Taxation Publications Tax state nv us Archived from the original on August 13 2010 Retrieved July 31 2010 The Agony and Ecstasy and Disgrace of Steve Jobs The Nation November 9 2011 Archived from the original on January 23 2013 Retrieved January 17 2013 Nevada Interest Rates Laws Archived from the original on December 31 2021 Retrieved December 31 2021 Initiative to Regulate and Tax Marijuana Nevada Secretary of State April 23 2014 Archived from the original on August 17 2016 Retrieved May 23 2016 Las Vegas Nevada Possession of a Controlled Substance Drug Laws www shouselaw com Archived from the original on November 27 2018 Retrieved November 26 2018 Addiction and Mental Health in Nevada Desert Hope Archived from the original on January 11 2021 Retrieved January 28 2021 State smoking ban sparks zone change request for Gardnerville parcel Nevada Appeal serving Carson City Nevada Nevadaappeal com October 6 2007 Archived from the original on December 11 2011 Retrieved July 31 2010 Have Nevada bars given up the smoking habit Kvbc com Archived from the original on September 29 2011 Retrieved July 31 2010 Black amp LoBello smoking ban loosened Archives Black amp LoBello Blacklobellolaw com June 17 2011 Archived from the original on November 29 2014 Retrieved July 27 2014 Overview of Nevada s CorrectionalSystem NICIC January 4 2009 Archived from the original on February 16 2008 Retrieved January 4 2009 2013 Crime In Nevada Annual Report PDF NV Repository 2013 Archived from the original PDF on November 29 2014 Retrieved November 21 2014 Voter Registration Statistics Retrieved October 5 2022 2014 Attorney General General Election Results Dave Leip s Atlas of U S Presidential Elections Archived from the original on July 9 2021 Retrieved July 6 2021 southdem November 9 2012 2012 vs 1960 Daily Kos Archived from the original on March 9 2013 Retrieved January 17 2013 Leip David General Election Results Nevada Dave Leip s Atlas of U S Presidential Elections Archived from the original on July 9 2018 Retrieved March 10 2022 U S Presidential Race silverstateelection com Archived from the original on January 29 2020 Retrieved November 6 2021 Not a fan of any candidate In Nevada you can vote for None of These Candidates PBS NewsHour October 18 2016 Archived from the original on September 12 2018 Retrieved September 12 2018 J Pomante II Michael Li Quan December 15 2020 Cost of Voting in the American States 2020 Election Law Journal Rules Politics and Policy 19 4 503 509 doi 10 1089 elj 2020 0666 S2CID 225139517 Archived from the original on October 25 2021 Retrieved January 14 2022 State by State Fact Sheets on Lodging Industry Archived from the original on May 2 2010 External links EditNevada at Wikipedia s sister projects Definitions from Wiktionary Media from Commons News from Wikinews Quotations from Wikiquote Texts from Wikisource Textbooks from Wikibooks Travel information from Wikivoyage Resources from Wikiversity Nevada official state website Nevada State Guide Library of Congress Nevada State Databases ALA Archived from the original on January 6 2014 Retrieved May 11 2008 Annotated list of searchable databases produced by Nevada state agencies and compiled by the Government Documents Roundtable of the American Library Association State Tourism website Nevada State Library and Archives Energy Profile for Nevada USGS real time geographic and other scientific resources of Nevada US Census Bureau 1875 County Map at Texas Tech Southwest Collection County Maps of Nevada Full color maps List of cities towns and county seats Nevada State Facts from USDA Forgotten Nevada Ghost Towns and Mining Camps of Nevada Nevada s Historical Markers Nevada State Seal Nevada at Curlie Geographic data related to Nevada at OpenStreetMap Online Nevada Encyclopedia Nevada HumanitiesPreceded byWest Virginia List of U S states by date of statehoodAdmitted on October 31 1864 36th Succeeded byNebraska Coordinates 39 N 117 W 39 N 117 W 39 117 State of Nevada Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Nevada amp oldid 1130868592, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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