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ISO/IEC 8859-15

January 19, 2024

ISO/IEC 8859-15:1999, Information technology — 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets — Part 15: Latin alphabet No. 9, is part of the ISO/IEC 8859 series of ASCII-based standard character encodings, first edition published in 1999. It is informally referred to as Latin-9 (and for a while Latin-0). It is similar to ISO 8859-1, and thus also intended for “Western European” languages, but replaces some less common symbols with the euro sign and some letters that were deemed necessary:[1] This encoding is by far most used, close to half the use, by German, though this is the least used encoding for German.

ISO/IEC 8859-15:1999
MIME / IANAISO-8859-15
Alias(es)latin-9, latin-0, latin-6
StandardISO/IEC 8859
ClassificationISO 8859 (extended ASCII, ISO 4873 level 1)
ExtendsUS-ASCII
Based onISO-8859-1
Preceded byISO-8859-1
A4 A6 A8 B4 B8 BC BD BE
8859-1 ¤ ¦ ¨ ´ ¸ ¼ ½ ¾
8859-15 € Š š Ž ž Œ œ Ÿ

ISO-8859-15 is the IANA preferred charset name for this standard when supplemented with the C0 and C1 control codes from ISO/IEC 6429.

Microsoft has assigned code page 28605 a.k.a. Windows-28605 to ISO-8859-15. IBM has assigned code page 923 (CCSID 923) to ISO 8859-15.[2][3]

All the printable characters from both ISO/IEC 8859-1 and ISO/IEC 8859-15 are also found in Windows-1252. Since October 2016, less than 0.1% (actually currently less than 0.02%) of all web sites use ISO-8859-15.[4][5]

History edit

The identifier ISO 8859-15 was proposed for the Sami languages in 1996, which was eventually rejected, but was passed as ISO-IR 197.[6][7][8]

A proposal called ISO 8859-0 was made in 1997, to replace 4 unused or rarely used ISO 8859-1 characters (¤, ¨, ´, and ¸) with €, Œ, œ, and Ÿ.[9] € became necessary when the euro was introduced. Œ and œ are French ligatures, and Ÿ is needed so that French text can be converted from lower-case to all-caps and back again without loss. Ironically, the last three had already been present in DEC's Multinational Character Set (MCS) in 1983, a character set from which ECMA-94 (1985) and ISO-8859-1 (1987) were derived. Since their original codepoints were now occupied by other characters, less logical codepoints had to be chosen for their reintroduction.

The same proposal also recommended replacing 6 more characters (¢, ¦, ±, ¼, ½, ¾) with "some other characters to cover a maximum of languages".[9] For the euro sign, some wanted to replace the plus–minus sign instead of the currency sign. The currency sign is used in some applications as a field separator and in some others to indicate subtotal. There was strong opposition to this. One person said "The proposed «+-» is not an adequate fall-back, as this sequence, though rarely used, has already a fixed mathematical meaning, quite different from «±»; and, even if a reader would deduce the intended meaning, «±», from the context, «+-» in lieu of «±» will hurt a physicist's æsthetic feelings at least as much as «oe» in lieu of an o-e ligature a Francophone's.."[10] In the end the ± and ¢ were not replaced.

Eventually four characters were selected: Š, š, Ž, and ž,[citation needed] which are used in Finnish and Estonian for the transliteration of Russian loanwords and names. The proposal was renamed to ISO 8859-15.[when?]

There were attempts to make ISO 8859-15 the default character set for 8-bit communication, but it was never able to supplant the popular ISO 8859-1. It did see some use as the default character set for the text console and terminal programs under Linux when the euro sign was needed, but the use of full Unicode was not practical, but this has since been replaced with UTF-8.

Coverage edit

ISO 8859-15 encodes what it refers to as "Latin alphabet no. 9". This character set is used throughout the Americas, Western Europe, Oceania, and much of Africa. It is also commonly used in most standard romanizations of East-Asian languages.

Each character is encoded as a single eight-bit code value. These code values can be used in almost any data interchange system to communicate in the following languages:

Modern languages with complete coverage of their alphabet
Notes
  1. ^ Complete support except for Ǿ/ǿ which are missing. Ǿ/ǿ can be replaced with Ø/ø at the cost of increased ambiguity.
  2. ^ Commonly supported with nearly complete coverage of the Dutch alphabet, as the missing IJ, ij should always be represented as two-character IJ or ij in electronic form.
  3. ^ US and modern British
  4. ^ In 2017, the Council for German Orthography officially adopted a capital, ⟨ẞ⟩, before support for German was complete.
  5. ^ New orthography
  6. ^ Basic classical orthography
  7. ^ Basic classical orthography
  8. ^ Rumi script
  9. ^ Bokmål and Nynorsk
  10. ^ European and Brazilian

Coverage of punctuation signs and apostrophes edit

See also: Latin-script alphabet

For some languages listed above, the correct typographical quotation marks are missing, since only «, », ", and ' are included.

Also, this encoding does not provide the correct character for the apostrophe, and oriented single high quotation marks, although some texts use the spacing grave accent and spacing acute accent, which are both part of ISO 8859-1, instead of the 6-shaped/9-shaped quotations marks or apostrophes (and this works reliably with some font styles, where all these characters are displayed as slanted wedge glyphs).

Codepage layout edit

Differences from ISO-8859-1 have the Unicode code point shown underneath the character.

ISO/IEC 8859-15[11][12][13]
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
0x
1x
2x  SP  ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . /
3x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; < = > ?
4x @ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O
5x P Q R S T U V W X Y Z [ \ ] ^ _
6x ` a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o
7x p q r s t u v w x y z { | } ~
8x
9x
Ax NBSP ¡ ¢ £ €
20AC 		¥ Š
0160 		§ š
0161 		© ª « ¬ SHY ® ¯
Bx ° ± ² ³ Ž
017D 		µ · ž
017E 		¹ º » Œ
0152 		œ
0153 		Ÿ
0178 		¿
Cx À Á Â Ã Ä Å Æ Ç È É Ê Ë Ì Í Î Ï
Dx Ð Ñ Ò Ó Ô Õ Ö × Ø Ù Ú Û Ü Ý Þ ß
Ex à á â ã ä å æ ç è é ê ë ì í î ï
Fx ð ñ ò ó ô õ ö ÷ ø ù ú û ü ý þ ÿ

Aliases edit

ISO 8859-15 also has the following, vendor-specific aliases:

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "ISO-8859-15". IANA. Retrieved 8 March 2016.
  2. ^ . Archived from the original on 2013-02-28.
  3. ^ . Archived from the original on 2014-12-01.
  4. ^ "Historical trends in the usage of character encodings, November 2018". w3techs.com.
  5. ^ "Frequently Asked Questions". w3techs.com.
  6. ^ TIEKE representing Finnish Standards Association SFS (1999-12-07). Sami supplementary Latin set no 2 (PDF). ITSCJ/IPSJ. ISO-IR-209.
  7. ^ Everson, Michael. "Proposed ISO 8859-15". Retrieved 26 February 2017.
  8. ^ Everson, Michael. "Proposed ISO 8859-14 (later 15)". Retrieved 26 February 2017.
  9. ^ a b Everson, Michael. "Proposed ISO 8859-0 (later 15)". Retrieved 26 February 2017.
  10. ^ Stolz, Otto (July 11, 1997). "Re: New Draft ISO 8859-0". Unicode Mail List (Mailing list).
  11. ^ Code Page CPGID 00923 (pdf) (PDF), IBM
  12. ^ Code Page CPGID 00923 (txt), IBM
  13. ^ International Components for Unicode (ICU), ibm-923_P100-1998.ucm, 2002-12-03
  14. ^ Baird, Cathy; Chiba, Dan; Chu, Winson; Fan, Jessica; Ho, Claire; Law, Simon; Lee, Geoff; Linsley, Peter; Matsuda, Keni; Oscroft, Tamzin; Takeda, Shige; Tanaka, Linus; Tozawa, Makoto; Trute, Barry; Tsujimoto, Mayumi; Wu, Ying; Yau, Michael; Yu, Tim; Wang, Chao; Wong, Simon; Zhang, Weiran; Zheng, Lei; Zhu, Yan; Moore, Valarie (2002) [1996]. "Appendix A: Locale Data". Oracle9i Database Globalization Support Guide (PDF) (Release 2 (9.2) ed.). Oracle Corporation. Oracle A96529-01. (PDF) from the original on 2017-02-14. Retrieved 2017-02-14.

External links edit

  • ISO/IEC 8859-15:1999
  • ISO/IEC 8859-15:1998 - 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets, Part 15: Latin alphabet No. 9 (draft dated August 1, 1997; superseded by ISO/IEC 8859-15:1999, published March 15, 1999)
  • ISO Latin 9 as compared with ISO Latin 1
  • ISO-IR 203 European supplementary Latin set (September 16, 1998)

January 19, 2024
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ISO IEC 8859 15 1999 Information technology 8 bit single byte coded graphic character sets Part 15 Latin alphabet No 9 is part of the ISO IEC 8859 series of ASCII based standard character encodings first edition published in 1999 It is informally referred to as Latin 9 and for a while Latin 0 It is similar to ISO 8859 1 and thus also intended for Western European languages but replaces some less common symbols with the euro sign and some letters that were deemed necessary 1 This encoding is by far most used close to half the use by German though this is the least used encoding for German ISO IEC 8859 15 1999MIME IANAISO 8859 15Alias es latin 9 latin 0 latin 6StandardISO IEC 8859ClassificationISO 8859 extended ASCII ISO 4873 level 1 ExtendsUS ASCIIBased onISO 8859 1Preceded byISO 8859 1vte A4 A6 A8 B4 B8 BC BD BE8859 1 8859 15 S s Z z Œ œ ŸISO 8859 15 is the IANA preferred charset name for this standard when supplemented with the C0 and C1 control codes from ISO IEC 6429 Microsoft has assigned code page 28605 a k a Windows 28605 to ISO 8859 15 IBM has assigned code page 923 CCSID 923 to ISO 8859 15 2 3 All the printable characters from both ISO IEC 8859 1 and ISO IEC 8859 15 are also found in Windows 1252 Since October 2016 less than 0 1 actually currently less than 0 02 of all web sites use ISO 8859 15 4 5 Contents 1 History 2 Coverage 2 1 Coverage of punctuation signs and apostrophes 3 Codepage layout 4 Aliases 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksHistory editThe identifier ISO 8859 15 was proposed for the Sami languages in 1996 which was eventually rejected but was passed as ISO IR 197 6 7 8 A proposal called ISO 8859 0 was made in 1997 to replace 4 unused or rarely used ISO 8859 1 characters and with Œ œ and Ÿ 9 became necessary when the euro was introduced Œ and œ are French ligatures and Ÿ is needed so that French text can be converted from lower case to all caps and back again without loss Ironically the last three had already been present in DEC s Multinational Character Set MCS in 1983 a character set from which ECMA 94 1985 and ISO 8859 1 1987 were derived Since their original codepoints were now occupied by other characters less logical codepoints had to be chosen for their reintroduction The same proposal also recommended replacing 6 more characters with some other characters to cover a maximum of languages 9 For the euro sign some wanted to replace the plus minus sign instead of the currency sign The currency sign is used in some applications as a field separator and in some others to indicate subtotal There was strong opposition to this One person said The proposed is not an adequate fall back as this sequence though rarely used has already a fixed mathematical meaning quite different from and even if a reader would deduce the intended meaning from the context in lieu of will hurt a physicist s aesthetic feelings at least as much as oe in lieu of an o e ligature a Francophone s 10 In the end the and were not replaced Eventually four characters were selected S s Z and z citation needed which are used in Finnish and Estonian for the transliteration of Russian loanwords and names The proposal was renamed to ISO 8859 15 when There were attempts to make ISO 8859 15 the default character set for 8 bit communication but it was never able to supplant the popular ISO 8859 1 It did see some use as the default character set for the text console and terminal programs under Linux when the euro sign was needed but the use of full Unicode was not practical but this has since been replaced with UTF 8 Coverage editISO 8859 15 encodes what it refers to as Latin alphabet no 9 This character set is used throughout the Americas Western Europe Oceania and much of Africa It is also commonly used in most standard romanizations of East Asian languages Each character is encoded as a single eight bit code value These code values can be used in almost any data interchange system to communicate in the following languages Modern languages with complete coverage of their alphabetAfrikaans Albanian Breton Catalan Danish a Dutch b English c Estonian Faroese Finnish French Galician German missing uppercase ẞ d Icelandic Irish e Italian Latin f Luxembourgish g Malay h Norwegian i Occitan Portuguese j Rhaeto Romanic Rotokas Scottish Gaelic Swedish Tagalog Walloon Scots Spanish Swahili Notes Complete support except for Ǿ ǿ which are missing Ǿ ǿ can be replaced with O o at the cost of increased ambiguity Commonly supported with nearly complete coverage of the Dutch alphabet as the missing IJ ij should always be represented as two character IJ or ij in electronic form US and modern British In 2017 the Council for German Orthography officially adopted a capital ẞ before support for German was complete New orthography Basic classical orthography Basic classical orthography Rumi script Bokmal and Nynorsk European and Brazilian Coverage of punctuation signs and apostrophes edit See also Latin script alphabet For some languages listed above the correct typographical quotation marks are missing since only and are included Also this encoding does not provide the correct character for the apostrophe and oriented single high quotation marks although some texts use the spacing grave accent and spacing acute accent which are both part of ISO 8859 1 instead of the 6 shaped 9 shaped quotations marks or apostrophes and this works reliably with some font styles where all these characters are displayed as slanted wedge glyphs Codepage layout editDifferences from ISO 8859 1 have the Unicode code point shown underneath the character ISO IEC 8859 15 11 12 13 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F0x1x2x SP amp 3x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 lt gt 4x A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O5x P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 6x a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o7x p q r s t u v w x y z 8x9xAx NBSP 20AC S0160 s0161 c ª SHY Bx Z017D µ z017E º Œ0152 œ0153 Ÿ0178 Cx A A A A A A AE C E E E E I I I IDx D N O o O O O O U U U U Y TH ssEx a a a a a a ae c e e e e i i i iFx d n o o o o o o u u u u y th yAliases editISO 8859 15 also has the following vendor specific aliases WE8ISO8859P15 Oracle database 14 See also editWestern Latin character sets computing DIN 91379 Unicode subset for EuropeReferences edit ISO 8859 15 IANA Retrieved 8 March 2016 Code page 923 information document Archived from the original on 2013 02 28 CCSID 923 information document Archived from the original on 2014 12 01 Historical trends in the usage of character encodings November 2018 w3techs com Frequently Asked Questions w3techs com TIEKE representing Finnish Standards Association SFS 1999 12 07 Sami supplementary Latin set no 2 PDF ITSCJ IPSJ ISO IR 209 Everson Michael Proposed ISO 8859 15 Retrieved 26 February 2017 Everson Michael Proposed ISO 8859 14 later 15 Retrieved 26 February 2017 a b Everson Michael Proposed ISO 8859 0 later 15 Retrieved 26 February 2017 Stolz Otto July 11 1997 Re New Draft ISO 8859 0 Unicode Mail List Mailing list Code Page CPGID 00923 pdf PDF IBM Code Page CPGID 00923 txt IBM International Components for Unicode ICU ibm 923 P100 1998 ucm 2002 12 03 Baird Cathy Chiba Dan Chu Winson Fan Jessica Ho Claire Law Simon Lee Geoff Linsley Peter Matsuda Keni Oscroft Tamzin Takeda Shige Tanaka Linus Tozawa Makoto Trute Barry Tsujimoto Mayumi Wu Ying Yau Michael Yu Tim Wang Chao Wong Simon Zhang Weiran Zheng Lei Zhu Yan Moore Valarie 2002 1996 Appendix A Locale Data Oracle9i Database Globalization Support Guide PDF Release 2 9 2 ed Oracle Corporation Oracle A96529 01 Archived PDF from the original on 2017 02 14 Retrieved 2017 02 14 External links editISO IEC 8859 15 1999 ISO IEC 8859 15 1998 8 bit single byte coded graphic character sets Part 15 Latin alphabet No 9 draft dated August 1 1997 superseded by ISO IEC 8859 15 1999 published March 15 1999 ISO Latin 9 as compared with ISO Latin 1 ISO IR 203 European supplementary Latin set September 16 1998 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title ISO IEC 8859 15 amp oldid 1156821793, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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