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Visa requirements for Canadian citizens

December 20, 2023

Visa requirements for Canadian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Canada. According to the June 2023 Henley Passport Index, holders of a Canadian passport can visit 186 countries and territories without a visa or with a visa on arrival, ranking the Canadian passport 8th in the world (tied with Greece, Hungary and Poland).[a][1]

Visa requirements map edit

 
Map displaying the various visa requirements for Canadian citizens.
  Canada
  Visa not required or Electronic Travel Authorisation
  Visa on arrival
  eVisa required
  Visa available both on arrival or online
  Visa required prior to arrival or not established

Visa requirements edit

The following table indicates the entry requirements and duration of stay for a given country, along with any notes that may be relevant for that given country.

Country Entry requirement Stay duration Notes (excluding departure fees) Reciprocity
  Afghanistan Visa required[2][3]
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit Afghanistan due to the security situation, likely terrorist attacks, the ongoing armed conflict, the risk of kidnapping and the high crime rate.[4]
 Yes
  Albania Visa not required[5] 90 days No
  Algeria Visa required[6][7] Yes
  Andorra Visa not required[8] 90 days [9] Yes
  Angola Visa not required[10][11] 30 days
  • 30 days extendable once.[12]
  • Visitors who have been granted an online pre-visa or have requested a pre-visa from an Angolan consulate abroad are issued a visa upon arrival at the country's border crossings.[12]
  • Maximum total stay of 90 days within a one-year period.[13]
  • Visitors must have a return/onward ticket and a hotel reservation confirmation.[14]
  • International Certificate of Vaccination required.[12]
 No
  Antigua and Barbuda Visa not required[15] 6 months No
  Argentina Visa not required[16] 90 days No
  Armenia eVisa / Visa on arrival[17][18] 180 days per year No
  Australia and territories Electronic Travel Authorisation[19] 90 days
  • 90 days on each visit in 12-month period
  • Canadian Passport Holders may enter using Smartgate system.
 Yes
  Austria Visa not required[20] 90 days Yes
  Azerbaijan eVisa[23][24] 30 days[25] No
  Bahamas Visa not required[26] 8 months Yes
  Bahrain eVisa / Visa on arrival[27] 14 days No
  Bangladesh Visa on arrival[28] 30 days No
  Barbados Visa not required[29] 6 months Yes
  Belarus Visa not required[30] 30 days No
  Belgium Visa not required[34] 90 days Yes
  Belize Visa not required[35] No
  Benin eVisa[36][37] 30 days[38]
  • Must have an international vaccination certificate.
 No
  Bhutan eVisa[39][40] Yes
  Bolivia Visa not required[41] 90 days No
  Bosnia and Herzegovina Visa not required[42] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 6-month period.
 No
  Botswana Visa not required[43] 90 days No
  Brazil Visa not required / eVisa[44][45] 90 days
  • Up to 90 days per visit, but no more than 180 days per year.
  • Brazilian authorities have announced that Canadian citizens will require a visa beginning January 10, 2024[46][47]
 No
  Brunei Visa not required[48] 14 days Yes
  Bulgaria Visa not required[49] 90 days Yes
  Burkina Faso eVisa / Visa on arrival[50][51]
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit Burkina Faso due to the threat posed by terrorism, kidnapping and the instability of the political situation.[52]
 No
  Burundi Visa on arrival[53] 1 month Yes
  Cambodia eVisa / Visa on arrival[55][56] 30 days
  • Visa is also obtainable online.
 No
  Cameroon eVisa[57][58][59] Yes
  Cape Verde Visa not required[60][61] 30 days
  • Must register online at least five days prior to arrival.[62]
 No
  Central African Republic Visa required[63]
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit the Central African Republic due to unstable security conditions and violent crime.[64]
 Yes
  Chad Visa required[65][66] Yes
  Chile Visa not required[67] 90 days Yes
  China Visa required[68]
  • 72-hour visit without a visa when in transit at Changsha, Chengdu, Chongqing, Guangzhou, Guilin, Harbin, Kunming, Qingdao, Wuhan, Xi'an and Xiamen.
  • 144-hour visit without a visa when in transit through Beijing Capital International Airport, Dalian, Hangzhou, Shijiazhuang Zhengding International Airport in Hebei, Nanjing, Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport and Shanghai Pudong International Airport, Shanghai Railway Station and the Port of Shanghai; Shenyang and Tianjin Binhai International Airport
  • Visas for Canadian citizens are valid for up to 9 years and 11 months.
 Yes
  Colombia Visa not required[69] 90 days
  • Extendable up to 180-days stay within a one-year period.
 No
  Comoros Visa on arrival[70] 45 days No
  Republic of the Congo Visa required[71][72] Yes
  Democratic Republic of the Congo eVisa[73][74] 7 days[75] Yes
  Costa Rica Visa not required[76] 90 days No
  Côte d'Ivoire eVisa[77][78] 3 months No
  Croatia Visa not required[79] 90 days Yes
  Cuba Tourist card required[80] 90 days
  • Tourist card is generally included in airfare, with most Canadians unaware that they need a tourist visa for Cuba due to the tourist card being handed out on flights, but it can also be purchased from the airline transporting the passenger into Cuba and must be obtained before taking a flight that will land in Cuba.
  • Tourist card is valid up to 90 days stay for Canadian citizens.
 Yes
  Cyprus Visa not required[81] 90 days Yes
  Czech Republic Visa not required[82] 90 days Yes
  Denmark and territories Visa not required[83] 90 days Yes
  Djibouti eVisa[85][86] 31 days No
  Dominica Visa not required[87] 6 months No
  Dominican Republic Visa not required[88] 30 days No
  Ecuador Visa not required[89] 90 days No
  Egypt Visa required[90][91] No
  El Salvador Visa not required[92] 3 months No
  Equatorial Guinea eVisa[93][94][95] Yes
  Eritrea Visa required[96] Yes
  Estonia Visa not required[97] 90 days Yes
  Eswatini Visa not required[98] 30 days No
  Ethiopia eVisa / Visa on arrival[99] up to 90 days No
  Fiji Visa not required[102] 4 months No
  Finland Visa not required[103] 90 days Yes
  France and territories Visa not required[104] 90 days Yes
  Gabon eVisa[107][108] 90 days No
  Gambia Visa not required[109] 90 days Yes
  Georgia Visa not required[110] 1 year No
  Germany Visa not required[111] 90 days Yes
  Ghana Visa required[112][113] Yes
  Greece Visa not required[114] 90 days Yes
  Grenada Visa not required[115] 3 months
  • May enter on an ID card if not departing from the United States.
  • Beginning on 1 December 2020, all travellers to Grenada will be required to complete an online application in order to receive a Pure Safe Travel Authorization Certificate to enter Grenada.[116]
 No
  Guatemala Visa not required[117] 90 days No
  Guinea eVisa[118][119] 90 days No
  Guinea-Bissau Visa on arrival[120] 90 days No
  Guyana Visa not required[121] 3 months No
  Haiti Visa not required[122] 3 months
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit Haiti due to the threat posed by kidnappings, gang violence and the potential for civil unrest.[123]
 No
  Honduras Visa not required[124] 3 months No
  Hungary Visa not required[125] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period regardless of previous time spent in other Schengen countries,[126] with ETIAS.[SchA 1]
 Yes
  Iceland Visa not required[127] 90 days Yes
  India eVisa[128][129] 30 days
  • Canadians who are or have been Pakistani nationals or have had ancestors who are or have been Pakistani nationals are required to follow a stringent and longer procedure.[130]
 No
  Indonesia e-VOA / Visa on arrival[131] 30 days
  • 30 day VOA (IDR 500,000) renewable a maximum of once for 30 days.[132][133]
 No
  Iran Visa required[134]
  • Canadian citizens who want to travel to Iran, need to do so with a fully organized tour. Applying for an Iranian visa without booking a complete tour from a local travel agency will result in getting rejected by the Iranian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA). Tourists for Kish Island do not require a visa for a total of 14 days.[135][circular reference]
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit Iran due to the volatile security situation, the regional threat of terrorism and the possibility of arbitrary detention[136]
 Yes
  Iraq Visa on arrival[137] 60 days
  • Canadian citizens can now obtain a visa on arrival at Iraq’s airports, land and sea crossings for 60 days, for a fee of 75 US Dollar.
  • Visa on arrival for 15 days at Erbil and Sulaymaniyah airports.
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit Iraq due to the volatile security situation.[138]
 No
  Ireland Visa not required[139] 90 days Yes
  Israel Visa not required[140] 3 months
  • Entry refused to anyone who "knowingly issues a public call for boycotting Israel."[141]
 Yes
  Italy Visa not required[142] 90 days Yes
  Jamaica Visa not required[143] 90 days
  • 90 days (business), 6 months (tourist)
 No
  Japan Visa not required[144] 90 days Yes
  Jordan eVisa / Visa on arrival[145][146]
  • Visa can be obtained upon arrival, it will cost a total of 40 JOD, obtainable at most international ports of entry and land border crossings. (except King Hussein/Allenby Bridge)
 No
  Kazakhstan Visa not required[147][148] 30 days No
  Kenya eVisa[149][150] 3 months No
  Kiribati Visa not required[151] 90 days
  • May not exceed 90 days within any given 12 months period
 No
  North Korea Visa required[152][153] Yes
  South Korea Electronical Travel Authorization[155][156] 6 months
  • The validity period of a K-ETA is 3 years from the date of approval.[157]
 Yes
  Kuwait eVisa / Visa on arrival[158][159] 3 months No
  Kyrgyzstan Visa not required[160] 60 days No
  Laos eVisa / Visa on arrival[161] 30 days
  • Visa on arrival is available at Luang Prabang, Pakse and Vientiane international airports, the 4 Thai-Lao Friendship Bridges[Note 1] and 6 border crossings.[Note 2][162] Visa on arrival facilities are being gradually phased out since January 2020.[163]
  • e-Visa may be used to enter Laos through Luang Prabang, Pakse and Vientiane international airports, 3 Thai-Lao Friendship Bridges[Note 3] and in Boten (road and railroad).[164]
  • 17[Note 4] of the 31 border crossings are only open to visa holders.[162]
  • Visa on arrival is extendable for additional 60 days at the Department of Immigration in Vientiane.[165]
 No
  Latvia Visa not required[166] 90 days Yes
  Lebanon Free visa on arrival[167] 1 month
  • Extendable for 2 additional months; granted free of charge at Beirut International Airport or any other port of entry if there is no Israeli visa or seal, holding a telephone number, an address in Lebanon, and a non-refundable return or circle trip ticket.
 No
  Lesotho Visa not required[168] No
  Liberia Visa required[169][170] Yes
  Libya Visa required[171][172]
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit Libya due to persistent insecurity, including sustained armed conflict, a high risk of terrorist attacks, an unpredictable political situation and a high crime rate.[173]
 Yes
  Liechtenstein Visa not required[174] 90 days Yes
  Lithuania Visa not required[175] 90 days Yes
  Luxembourg Visa not required[176] 90 days Yes
  Madagascar eVisa / Visa on arrival[177][178] 90 days No
  Malawi eVisa / Visa on arrival[179][180] 90 days No
  Malaysia Visa not required[181] 3 months No
  Maldives Free visa on arrival[182] 30 days
  • Extendable stay
 No
  Mali Visa required[183][184]
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit Mali due to the threat of terrorism, kidnapping and banditry.[185]
 Yes
  Malta Visa not required[186] 90 days Yes
  Marshall Islands Visa on arrival[187] 90 days No
  Mauritania Visa on arrival[188] No
  Mauritius Visa not required[189] 90 days No
  Mexico Visa not required[190] 180 days
  • Actual permitted duration of stay is decided on arrival by border agents, and is often shorter than 180 days
 Yes
  Micronesia Visa not required[191] 30 days No
  Moldova Visa not required[192] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 No
  Monaco Visa not required[193] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
  • Monaco does not have a visa policy of its own and the Schengen visa policy applies.
 Yes
  Mongolia Visa not required[194] 30 days No
  Montenegro Visa not required[195] 90 days No
  Morocco Visa not required[196] 3 months No
  Mozambique Visa not required[197][198] 30 days
  • Travelers must register on the e-Visa platform at least 48 hours prior to travel and pay a processing fee of 650 MT.
 No
  Myanmar eVisa[199][200] 28 days
  • eVisa holders must arrive via Yangon, Nay Pyi Taw or Mandalay airports or via land border crossings with Thailand — Tachileik, Myawaddy and Kawthaung or India — Rih Khaw Dar and Tamu.
  • eVisa available for both tourism (allowed stay is 28 days) or business (allowed stay is 70 days) purposes.
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit Myanmar due to the risk of politically motivated violence and civil unrest.[201]
 No
  Namibia Visa not required[202] 3 months No
  Nauru Visa required[203]
  • Criminal record and medical fitness certificates are not required for Canadian citizens.[204]
 Yes
    Nepal eVisa / Visa on arrival[205][206] 90 days No
  Netherlands and territories Visa not required[207] 90 days Yes
  New Zealand Electronic Travel Authority[208] 3 months
  • May enter using eGate.[209]
  • International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy must be paid upon requesting an Electronic Travel Authority.[210]
  • Holders of an Australian Permanent Resident Visa or Resident Return Visa may be granted a New Zealand Resident Visa on arrival permitting indefinite stay (pursuant to the Trans-Tasman Travel Arrangement), subject to meeting character requirements and obtaining an Electronic Travel Authority prior to departure.[211] Such travelers are not required to pay the International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy.[210]
 Yes
  Nicaragua Visa not required[212] 90 days No
  Niger Visa required[213]
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit Niger due to political instability and the risk of terrorism and kidnapping.[214]
 Yes
  Nigeria eVisa[215][216] 90 days[217] Yes
  North Macedonia Visa not required[218] 90 days No
  Norway Visa not required[219] 3 months Yes
  Oman Visa not required / eVisa[222][223] 14 days / 30 days No
  Pakistan ETA / Online Visa[224][225] 30 days / 3 months
  • Electronic Travel Authorization to obtain a visa on arrival for tourism purposes.[226]
  • Electronic Travel Authorization to obtain a visa on arrival for business purposes.[227]
  • Online Visa eligible.
 No
  Palau Free visa on arrival[228] 30 days
  • Extendable stay by twice only with a fee
 No
  Panama Visa not required[229] 180 days No
  Papua New Guinea eVisa[230][231] 60 days Yes
  Paraguay Visa not required[232][233] 90 days No
  Peru Visa not required[234] 90 days No
  Philippines Visa not required[235] 30 days No
  Poland Visa not required[236] 90 days Yes
  Portugal Visa not required[237] 90 days Yes
  Qatar Visa not required[238][239] 30 days No
  Romania Visa not required[240] 90 days Yes
  Russia Visa required[241][242]
  • Cruise ship passengers cruising in and out of a Russian port within 72 hours, who spend each night on board, and who only leave the ship on tours organized by the cruise company, do not require a tourist visa.[243]
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit Russia due to the Russo-Ukrainian War.[244]
 Yes
  Rwanda eVisa / Visa on arrival[245][246] 30 days No
  Saint Kitts and Nevis Visa not required[247] 6 months No
  Saint Lucia Visa not required[248] 6 weeks No
  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Visa not required[249][250] 3 months No
  Samoa Visa not required[251] 60 days Yes
  San Marino Visa not required[252] Yes
  São Tomé and Príncipe Visa not required[253] 15 days No
  Saudi Arabia eVisa / Visa on arrival[254][255] 90 days No
  Senegal Visa not required[256] 90 days No
  Serbia Visa not required[257] 90 days No
  Seychelles Free Visitor's Permit on arrival[258] 3 months
  • Extendable up to a year with a fee
 No
  Sierra Leone eVisa / Visa on arrival[259] 30 days[260][261] No
  Singapore Visa not required[262] 30 days Yes
  Slovakia Visa not required[263] 90 days Yes
  Slovenia Visa not required[264] 90 days Yes
  Solomon Islands Free Visitor's permit on arrival[265] 3 months
  • 3 months with any year period
 Yes
  Somalia Visa on arrival[266]
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit Somalia due to the extremely volatile security situation and high threat of domestic terrorism.[267]
 No
  South Africa Visa not required[268] 90 days No
  South Sudan eVisa[269][270]
  • Obtainable online.
  • Printed visa authorization must be presented at the time of travel.
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit South Sudan due to armed conflicts, inter-ethnic violence and high levels of violent crime.[271]
 No
  Spain Visa not required[272] 90 days Yes
  Sri Lanka ETA / Visa on arrival[273][274] 30 days[275]
  • Electronic Travel Authorization can also be obtained on arrival.
  • 30 days extendable to 6 months.
 No
  Sudan Visa required[276][277]
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit Sudan due to the armed conflict, civil unrest and the volatile security situation.[278]
 Yes
  Suriname Visa not required[279][280] 90 days
  • An entrance fee of 25 USD or 25 Euros must be paid online prior to arrival.[281]
  • Multiple entry eVisa is also available.[282]
 No
  Sweden Visa not required[283] 90 days Yes
   Switzerland Visa not required[284] 90 days Yes
  Syria Visa required[285][286]
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit Syria due to the ongoing armed conflict, terrorism, criminality, arbitrary detention, torture and forced disappearance.[287]
 Yes
  Taiwan Visa not required[288] 90 days Yes
  Tajikistan Visa not required[289] 30 days
  • E-visa also available.[290]
  • E-visa holders can enter through all border points.
 No
  Tanzania eVisa / Visa on arrival[291][292] 3 months No
  Thailand Visa not required[293] 30 days
  • Maximum two visits annually if not arriving by air.
 No
  Timor-Leste Visa on arrival[294] 30 days No
  Togo eVisa[295][296] 15 days No
  Tonga Free visa on arrival[297] 31 days No
  Trinidad and Tobago Visa not required[298] No
  Tunisia Visa not required[299] 4 months No
  Turkey eVisa[300][301] 3 months
  • Cruise ship passengers cruising in and out of a Turkish port within a single day do not require a tourist visa.[302]
 No
  Turkmenistan Visa required[303] Yes
  Tuvalu Visa on arrival[304] 1 month No
  Uganda eVisa[305][306] 3 months
  • May apply online.
  • Can also be entered on an East Africa Tourist Visa issued by Kenya or Rwanda.
 No
  Ukraine Visa not required[307] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit Ukraine due to the Russo-Ukrainian War.[308]
 No
  United Arab Emirates Visa not required[309][310][311][312] 30 days
  • Visa is obtained free of charge for stays longer than 30 days.[313]
 Yes
  United Kingdom Visa not required[314] 6 months
  • Can use ePassport gates starting 1 June 2019 [315]
 Yes
  United States Visa not required[316] 6 months
  • ESTA exempt. Canada passport holders do not have to get a ESTA
  • 6 month stay rather than typical 90 day VWP stay
  • Most non immigrant statuses can be applied for on arrival at a port of entry
  • Canada is not a Visa Waiver Program country, the permission to travel is from US immigration law.
  • Canadian Passport required and must be valid for the period of intended stay.[316]
  • Canadian Passport exemptions only for nationals of Canada with a NEXUS card embarking in Canada or USA.[316]
    For frequent travellers there is NEXUS card program designed to let pre-approved, low-risk travellers cross the Canada–United States border quickly.[317]
 Yes
  Uruguay Visa not required[318] 3 months No
  Uzbekistan Visa not required[319] 30 days No
  Vanuatu Visa not required[320] 30 days No
   Vatican City Visa not required[321] Yes
  Venezuela Visa required[322][323]
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit Venezuela due to the significant level of violent crime, the unstable political and economic situations and the decline in basic living conditions.[324]
 Yes
  Vietnam eVisa[325][326]
  • eVisa is valid for 90 days and multiple entry.
 No
  Yemen Visa required[327][328]
  • The Canadian government advises its citizens not to visit Yemen due to the ongoing armed conflict, terrorist attacks and kidnapping.[329]
 Yes
  Zambia Visa not required[330][331] 90 days
  • Also eligible for a universal visa allowing access to Zimbabwe.
 No
  Zimbabwe eVisa / Visa on arrival[332][333] 3 months
  • Also eligible for a universal visa allowing access to Zambia.
 No
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad Beginning in November 2023, the ETIAS system will become mandatory for all non-EU international travellers.[21][22]

Dependent, disputed, or restricted territories edit

Visa requirements for Canadian citizens for visits to various territories, disputed areas, partially recognized countries, and restricted zones:

Africa
Asia
Caribbean and North Atlantic
Europe
Oceania
South America
  •   Galápagos — Online pre-registration is required. Transit Control Card must also be obtained at the airport prior to departure.[400]
South Atlantic and Antarctica

Consular protection of Canadian citizens abroad edit

See also: List of diplomatic missions of Canada
 
Countries that have a Canadian Embassy or High Commission are shown in blue. Canada is shown in green.

Canada has diplomatic and consular offices (including honorary consuls) in over 270 locations in approximately 180 foreign countries. In some countries Canadians may receive consular assistance from Australian missions under the Canada–Australia Consular Services Sharing Agreement. On the last page of a standard Canadian passport, under "Reach Us", it states "In case of an emergency you can reach us by: contacting the nearest Canadian government office (in countries where there is no Canadian office, you should contact the nearest British or Australian office...".

Non-visa restrictions edit

This section is transcluded from Non-visa travel restrictions. (edit | history)

Blank passport pages edit

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[416] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.

Vaccination edit

Main articles: Vaccination requirements for international travel, International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, and Vaccine passports during the COVID-19 pandemic
 
Cover of the new International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines since 2021

Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers older than nine months to one year[417] to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.[418]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently or has transited for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.[419][420]

An increasing number of countries have been imposing additional COVID-19 related health restrictions such as quarantine measures and testing requirements. Many countries increasingly consider the vaccination status of travellers with regard to quarantine requirements or when deciding to allow them entry at all.[421]

Passport validity length edit

Very few countries, such as Paraguay, just require a valid passport on arrival.

However many countries and groupings now require only an identity card – especially from their neighbours. Other countries may have special bilateral arrangements that depart from the generality of their passport validity length policies to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[422][423] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[424]

Some countries, such as Japan,[425] Ireland and the United Kingdom,[426] require a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay.

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[427] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[428] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru,[429] Philippines,[430] Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[431]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Honduras, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except the Republic of Ireland) together with Switzerland also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives[432] and South Africa.

Criminal record edit

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[433] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record while others impose restrictions depending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.

Persona non grata edit

 
Entry Permit to Nagorno-Karabakh issued in Yerevan as a stand-alone document rather than a visa affixed in a passport

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning entry into that country. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[434]

For example, Azerbaijan bans visits by foreign citizens that have previously entered Azerbaijan through non-Azerbaijani controlled borders. This includes the illegal entry into the separatist region of Nagorno-Karabakh[435] (the de facto independent Republic of Artsakh), its surrounding Armenian-occupied territories, and the Azerbaijani exclaves of Karki, Yuxarı Əskipara, Barxudarlı, and Sofulu which are de jure part of Azerbaijan but under the control of Armenia. Foreign citizens who enter these territories will be permanently banned from entering the Republic of Azerbaijan[436] and will be included in their "list of personae non gratae".[437] As of 2 September 2019, the list mentioned 852 people.

Israeli stamps edit

 
Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport)

Kuwait,[438] Lebanon,[439] Libya,[440] Syria,[441] and Yemen[442] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.[citation needed]

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Biometrics edit

See also: Countries applying biometrics

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to change planes rather than go landside.[443]

Fingerprinting countries/regions include Afghanistan,[444][445] Argentina,[446] Brunei, Cambodia,[447] China,[448] Ethiopia,[449] Ghana, Guinea,[450] India, Japan,[451][452] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[453] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[454] Mongolia, Paraguay, Saudi Arabia,[455] Singapore, South Korea,[456] Taiwan, Thailand,[457] Uganda,[458] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by domestic legislation),[459][460][461] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[462]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[463] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[464][465] The United States Department of Homeland Security has announced plans to greatly increase the biometric data it collects at US borders.[466] In 2018, Singapore began trials of iris scanning at three land and maritime immigration checkpoints.[467][468]

Visa requirements amendment log edit

Visa requirements for Canadian citizens were lifted by Austria in 1956,[469] Finland in 1958,[469] Japan (20 September 1964),[470] Micronesia (18 December 1980),[471] Taiwan (1 January 1994),[472] Ukraine (1 August 2005),[473] Kyrgyzstan (27 July 2012),[474] Mongolia (1 January 2014), Kazakhstan (1 January 2017), Argentina (1 January 2018),[475] Armenia (10 July 2018),[476][477][478][479] and Brazil (17 June 2019).[480]

Canadian citizens were made eligible for eVisas by India (1 May 2015),[481] Brazil (25 January 2018, visa free since 17 June 2019)[482] and Angola (30 March 2018).[483]

Foreign travel statistics edit

This section is transcluded from Canadian passport. (edit | history)

According to the statistics these are the numbers of Canadian visitors to various countries per annum in 2015 (unless otherwise noted):