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Wikipedia

Elections by country

January 01, 1970

Further information: Election

For each de jure and de facto sovereign state and dependent territory an article on elections in that entity has been included and information on the way the head of state, head of government, and the legislature is selected. Merged cells for "head of state" and "head of government" indicate the office is the same for that country; merged cells for "lower house" and "upper house" indicate a unicameral legislature. The linked articles include the results of the elections. For a chronological order, see the electoral calendar.

A edit

Country Head of state Head of government Legislature
Lower house Upper house
  Abkhazia Direct election[1] Direct election[1]
  Afghanistan Autocrat elected by legislature[2][3][4] Appointment by autocrat[2] Appointment by autocrat[5]
  Åland President of Finland Election by legislature Direct election
  Albania Election by legislature[6] Election by legislature[6] Direct election[6]
  Algeria Direct election[7] Election by legislature[7] Direct election[7] Partially elected by electoral college, rest appointed by President[7]
  American Samoa President of the United States[8] Direct election[8] Direct election[8] Election by regional governing councils[8]
  Andorra The President of France and the Bishop of Urgell are co-heads of state[9] Election by legislature[9] Direct election[9]
  Angola Election by legislature[10] Direct election[10]
  Anguilla Monarchy[11] Election by legislature[11] Direct election and appointments[11]
  Antigua and Barbuda Monarchy[12] Election by legislature[12] Direct election[12] Appointments[12]
  Argentina Direct election[13] Direct election[13]
  Armenia Election by Legislature Election by Legislature Direct election [14]
  Aruba Monarch of the Netherlands[15] Election by legislature[15] Direct election[15]
  Australia Monarchy[16] Election by legislature[16] Direct election[16]
  Austria Direct election[17] Election by legislature[17] Direct election[17] Indirect election[17]
  Azerbaijan Direct election[18] Appointment by head of state[18] Direct election[18]

B edit

Country Head of state Head of government Legislature
Lower house Upper house
  Bahamas Monarchy[19] Election by legislature[19] Direct election[19] Appointments[19]
  Bahrain Monarchy[20] Appointment by head of state[20] Direct election[20] Appointments[20]
  Bangladesh Election by legislature[21] Election by legislature[21] Direct and indirect election[21]
  Barbados Election by legislature[22] Election by legislature[21] Direct election[22] Appointments[22]
  Belarus Direct election[23] Appointment by head of state[23] Direct election[23] Indirect election and appointments[23]
  Belgium Monarchy[24] Election by legislature[24] Direct election[24] Indirect election[24]
  Belize Monarchy[25] Election by legislature[25] Direct election[25] Appointments[25]
  Benin Direct election[26] Direct election[26]
  Bermuda Monarchy[27] Election by legislature[27] Direct election[27] Appointments[27]
  Bhutan Monarchy[28] Elected by legislature[28] Direct election[28] Direct election and appointments[28]
  Bolivia Direct election[29] Direct election[29]
  Bosnia and Herzegovina Rotating presidency of directly elected candidates[30] Appointment by head of state[30] Direct election[30] Indirect election[30]
  Botswana Election by legislature[31] Direct election[31] Hereditary and appointments[31]
  Brazil Direct election[32] Direct election[32] Direct election[32]
  British Virgin Islands Monarchy[33] Election by legislature[33] Direct election[33]
  Brunei Monarchy[34] Appointments by head of state[34]
  Bulgaria Direct election[35] Election by legislature[35] Direct election[35]
  Burkina Faso Direct election[36] Appointment by head of state[36] Direct election[36]
Burma see Myanmar
  Burundi Direct election[37] Direct election and co-option[37] Indirect election[37]

C edit

Country Head of state Head of government Legislature
Lower house Upper house
Cabo Verde see Cape Verde
  Cambodia Monarch elected by Royal Council[38] Election by lower house of legislature[38] Direct election[38] Indirect election and appointments[38]
  Cameroon Direct election[39] Appointment by head of state[39] Direct election[39] Indirect election and appointments[39]
  Canada Monarchy[40] Election by lower house of legislature[40] Direct election[40] Appointments[40]
  Cape Verde Direct election[41] Appointment by head of state[41] Direct election[41]
  Cayman Islands Monarchy[42] Election by legislature[42] Direct election and appointments[42]
  Central African Republic Direct election[43] Appointment by head of state[44] Direct election[43]
  Chad Direct election[45] Appointment by head of state[45] Direct election[45]
  Chile Direct election[46] Direct election[46]
  China Election by legislature[47] Appointment by head of state[47] Indirect election[47]
  Colombia Direct election[48] Direct election[48] Direct election[48]
  Comoros Direct election[49] Direct and indirect election[49]
Congo (Brazzaville) see Republic of the Congo
Congo (Kinshasa) see Democratic Republic of the Congo
  Cook Islands Monarchy[50] Election by legislature[50] Direct election[50]
  Costa Rica Direct election[51] Direct election[51]
  Côte d'Ivoire Direct election[52] Appointment by head of state[52] Direct election[52]
  Croatia Direct election[53] Election by legislature[53] Direct election[53]
  Cuba Election by legislature[54] Direct election[54]
  Curaçao Monarch of the Netherlands[55] Election by legislature[55] Direct election[55]
  Cyprus Direct election[56] Direct election[56]
  Czech Republic Direct election[57] Appointment by head of state[57] Direct election[57]

D edit

Country Head of state Head of government Legislature
Lower house Upper house
  Democratic Republic of the Congo Direct election[58] Appointment by head of state[58] Direct election[58] Indirect election[58]
  Denmark Monarchy[59] Election by legislature[59] Direct election[59]
  Djibouti Direct election[60] Appointment by head of state[60] Direct election[60]
  Dominica Election by legislature[61] Appointment by head of state[61] Direct election and appointments[61]
  Dominican Republic Direct election[62] Direct election[62]

E edit

Country Head of state Head of government Legislature
Lower house Upper house
  East Timor Direct election[63] Election by legislature[63] Direct election[63]
  Ecuador Direct election[64] Direct election[64]
  Egypt Direct election[65] Appointment by head of state[65] Direct election and appointments[65]
  El Salvador Direct election[66] Direct election[66]
  Equatorial Guinea Direct election[67] Appointment by head of state[67] Direct election[67] Direct election and appointments[67]
  Eritrea Election by legislature[68] Direct and indirect election[68]
  Estonia Election by legislature and/or electoral college[69] Appointment by head of state[69] Direct election[69]
  Eswatini Monarchy[70] Appointment by head of state[70] Election by traditional local councils and appointments[70] Election by lower house and appointments[70]
  Ethiopia Election by legislature[71] Election by legislature[71] Direct election[71] Indirect election[71]

F edit

Country Head of state Head of government Legislature
Lower house Upper house
  Falkland Islands Monarchy[72] Indirect appointment by monarch[72] Direct election and appointments[72]
  Faroe Islands Monarch of Denmark[73] Election by legislature[73] Direct election[73]
Federated States of Micronesia see Micronesia
  Fiji Election by legislature[74] Appointment by president[74] Direct election[74]
  Finland Direct election[75] Election by legislature[75] Direct election[75]
  France Direct election[76] Appointment by president[76] Direct election[76] Indirect election[76]
  French Polynesia President of France[77] Election by legislature[77] Direct election[77]

G edit

Country Head of state Head of government Legislature
Lower house Upper house
  Gabon Direct election[78] Appointment by head of state[78] Direct election[78] Indirect election[78]
  Gambia Direct election[79] Direct election and appointments[79]
  Georgia Direct election[80] Election by legislature[80] Direct election[80]
  Germany Election by electoral college[81] Election by legislature[81] Direct election[81] Representation of state governments[81]
  Ghana Direct election[82] Direct election[82]
  Gibraltar Monarchy[83] Election by legislature[83] Direct and indirect election[83]
  Greece Election by legislature[84] Election by legislature[84] Direct election[84]
  Greenland Monarch of Denmark[85] Election by legislature[85] Direct election[85]
  Grenada Monarchy[86] Election by legislature[86] Direct election[86] Appointment[86]
  Guam President of the United States[87] Direct election[87] Direct election[87]
  Guatemala Direct election[88] Direct election[88]
  Guernsey Monarchy[89] Election by legislature[89] Direct election[89]
  Guinea Direct election[90] Appointment by head of state[90] Direct election[90]
  Guinea-Bissau Direct election[91] Appointment by head of state[91] Direct election[91]
  Guyana Election by legislature[92] Direct election[92]

H edit

Country Head of state Head of government Legislature
Lower house Upper house
  Haiti Direct election[93] Appointment by head of state[94] Direct election[93]
  Honduras Direct election[95] Direct election[95]
  Hong Kong Election by election committee followed by appointment by state council[96] Election by election committee followed by appointment by state council[96] Direct election and indirect election[96]
Holy See see Vatican City
  Hungary Election by legislature[97] Election by legislature[97] Direct election[97]

I edit

Country Head of state Head of government Legislature
Lower house Upper house
  Iceland Direct election[98] Election by legislature[98] Direct election[98]
  India Election by electoral college[99] Election by legislature[99] Direct election[99] Indirect election[99]
  Indonesia Direct election[100] Direct election[100]
  Iran Election by Assembly of Experts[101] Direct election[101] Direct election and appointment[101]
  Iraq Election by legislature[102] Election by legislature[102] Direct election[102]
  Ireland Direct election[103] Election by lower house of legislature[103] Direct election[103] Election by functional constituencies and appointment[103]
  Isle of Man Monarchy[104] Election by legislature[104] Direct election[104] Indirect election/ex officio[104]
  Israel Election by legislature[105] Appointment by president[106] Direct election[105]
  Italy Election by legislature[107] Appointment by president[107] Direct election[107]

J edit

Country Head of state Head of government Legislature
Lower house Upper house
  Jamaica Monarchy[108] Election by lower house of legislature[108] Direct election[108] Appointment[108]
  Japan Monarchy[109] Election by lower house of legislature[109] Direct election[109]
  Jersey Monarchy[110] Election by legislature[110] Direct election[110]
  Jordan Monarchy[111] Appointment by monarch[111] Direct election[111] Appointment by monarch[111]

K edit

Country Head of state Head of government Legislature
Lower house Upper house
  Kazakhstan Direct election[112] Appointment by head of state[112] Direct and indirect election[112] Indirect election and appointments[112]
  Kenya Direct election[113] Direct election and appointments[113] Direct election[113]
  Kiribati Direct election[114] Direct election and appointments[114]
Korea, North see North Korea
Korea, South see South Korea
  Kosovo Election by legislature[115] Election by legislature[115] Direct election[115]
  Kuwait Monarchy[116] Appointment by head of state[116] Direct election and appointments[116]
  Kyrgyzstan Direct election[117] Election by legislature[117] Direct election[117]

L edit

Country Head of state Head of government Legislature
Lower house Upper house
  Laos Election by legislature[118] Election by legislature[118] Direct election[118]
  Latvia Election by legislature[119] Appointment by head of state[119] Direct election[119]
  Lebanon Election by legislature[120] Appointment by head of state[120] Direct election[120]
  Lesotho Monarchy[121] Election by lower house of legislature[121] Direct election[121] Appointments[121]
  Liberia Direct election[122] Direct election[122] Direct election[122]
  Libya Head of Presidential Council[123] Direct election[124]
  Liechtenstein Monarchy[125] Election by legislature[125] Direct election[125]
  Lithuania Direct election[126] Appointment by head of state[126] Direct election[126]
  Luxembourg Monarchy[127] Election by legislature[127] Direct election[127]

M edit

Country Head of state Head of government Legislature
Lower house Upper house
  Macau Election by election committee[128] Election by election committee[128] Direct election, indirect election, and appointments[128]
  Madagascar Direct election[129] Election by lower house of legislature[129] Direct election[129] Indirect election and appointments[129]
  Malawi Direct election[130] Direct election[130]
  Malaysia Election by the rulers of the Malay states[131] Election by lower house of legislature[131] Direct election[131] Indirect election and appointments[131]
  Maldives Direct election[132] Direct election[132]
  Mali Direct election[133] Appointment by head of state[133] Direct election[133]
  Malta Election by legislature Appointment by head of state Direct election
  Marshall Islands Election by legislature Direct election
  Mauritania Direct election Direct election Indirect election
  Mauritius Election by legislature Direct election
  Mexico Direct election Direct election Direct election
  Micronesia Election by legislature Direct election
  Moldova Direct election Direct election
  Monaco Monarchy Direct election
  Mongolia Direct election Direct election
  Montenegro Direct election Direct election
  Montserrat Monarchy[134] Election by legislature[134] Direct election[134]
  Morocco Monarchy Appointment by head of state Direct election Indirect election and election by functional groups
  Mozambique Direct election Direct election
  Myanmar Election by legislature Direct election and appointments

N edit

Country Head of state Head of government Legislature
Lower house Upper house
  Nagorno Karabakh Direct election Direct election
  Namibia Direct election[135] Direct election[135] Indirect election[135]
  Nauru Election by legislature[136] Direct election[136]
  Nepal Indirect election[137] Election by legislature[137] Direct election[137] Indirect election and appointments[137]
  Netherlands Monarchy[138] Election by legislature[138] Direct election[138] Indirect election[138]
  New Caledonia President of France[139] Election by legislature[139] Indirect election[139]
  New Zealand Monarchy[140] Election by legislature[140] Direct election[140]
  Nicaragua Direct election[141] Direct election and ex officio[141]
  Niger Direct election[142] Appointment by head of state[142] Direct election[142]
  Nigeria Direct election Direct election
  Niue Monarchy[143] Election by legislature[143] Direct election[143]
  Norfolk Island Monarchy[144] Indirect appointment by head of state[144] Direct election[144]
  North Korea Elected by legislature[145] Direct election
  North Macedonia Direct election[146] Election by legislature[146] Direct election[146]
  Northern Cyprus Direct election Direct election
  Northern Mariana Islands President of the United States[147] Direct election[147] Direct election[147]
  Norway Monarchy Direct election

O edit

Country Head of state Head of government Legislature
Lower house Upper house
  Oman Monarchy[148] Indirect election[148] Appointments[148]

P edit

Country Head of state Head of government Legislature
Lower house Upper house
  Pakistan Election by legislature Direct election Indirect election
  Palau Direct election Direct election
  Palestine Direct election Direct election
  Panama Direct election Direct election
  Papua New Guinea Monarchy[149] Election by legislature[149] Direct election[149]
  Paraguay Direct election Direct election
People's Republic of China see China
  Peru Direct election Direct election
  Philippines Direct election Direct election
  Pitcairn Islands Monarchy[150] Direct election[150] Direct election and appointment[150]
  Poland Direct election Appointment by head of state Direct election
  Portugal Direct election Appointment by head of state[151] Direct election
  Puerto Rico President of the United States[152] Direct election[152] Direct election[152]

Q edit

Country Head of state Head of government Legislature
Lower house Upper house
  Qatar Monarchy[153] Appointed by monarch[153] Appointed by monarch[153]

R edit

Country Head of state Head of government Legislature
Lower house Upper house
Republic of China see Taiwan
  Republic of the Congo Direct election Direct election Indirect election
  Romania Direct election[154] Appointed by head of state[154] Direct election[154]
  Russia Direct election Direct election Indirect election and appointments
  Rwanda Direct election[155] Appointment by head of state[155] Direct election and appointments[155] Indirect election and appointments[155]

S edit

Country Head of state Head of government Legislature
Lower house Upper house
  Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Election by legislature[156] Appointment by head of state[157] Direct election[158]
  Saint Helena Monarchy[159] Appointment by head of state[159] Direct election and appointments[159]
  Saint Kitts and Nevis Monarchy[160] Election by legislature[160] Direct election and appointments[160]
  Saint Lucia Monarchy Direct election Appointments
  Saint Pierre and Miquelon President of France[161] Election by legislature[161] Direct election[161]
  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Monarchy Direct election and appointments
  Samoa Election by legislature Direct election
  San Marino Election by legislature Direct election
  São Tomé and Príncipe Direct election Direct election
  Saudi Arabia Monarchy[162] Appointment by monarch[162]
  Senegal Direct election Direct election
  Serbia Direct election Direct election
  Seychelles Direct election Direct election
  Sierra Leone Direct election Direct election
  Singapore Direct election Direct election
  Sint Maarten Monarch of the Netherlands[163] Election by legislature[163] Direct election[163]
  Slovakia Direct election Direct election
  Slovenia Direct election Direct election Representation of interest groups
  Solomon Islands Monarchy[164] Election by legislature[164] Direct election[164]
  Somalia Direct election Transition
  Somaliland Direct election Direct election Traditional leaders
  South Africa Election by lower house of legislature[165] Direct election[165] Indirect election[165]
  South Korea Direct election Direct election
  South Ossetia Direct election Direct election
  South Sudan Direct election Direct election
  Spain Monarchy Election by legislature Direct election Direct and indirect election
  Sri Lanka Direct election Direct election
  Sudan Direct election Appointments due to transition Indirect election
  Suriname Election by electoral college Direct election
  Sweden Monarchy[166] Election by legislature[166] Direct election[166]
  Switzerland Election by legislature Direct election
  Syria Approval by referendum Direct election

T edit

Country Head of state Head of government Legislature
Lower house Upper house
  Taiwan Direct election Direct election
  Tajikistan Direct election Direct election Indirect election and appointments
  Tanzania Direct election Direct election
  Thailand Monarchy Election by legislature Direct election Direct election and appointments
Timor-Leste see East Timor
  Togo Direct election Direct election
  Tokelau Monarchy[167] Rotation of village leaders[167] Direct election[167]
  Tonga Monarchy Partially direct election, partially by limited suffrage, partially ex officio
  Transnistria Direct election Direct election
  Trinidad and Tobago Election by legislature Direct election Appointments
  Tunisia Direct election Election by legislature Direct election
  Turkey Direct election Direct election
  Turkmenistan Direct election Direct election
  Turks and Caicos Islands Monarchy[168] Election by legislature[168] Direct election[168]
  Tuvalu Monarchy[169] Election by legislature[169] Direct election[169]

U edit

Country Head of state Head of government Legislature
Lower house Upper house
  Uganda Direct election[170] Direct election and appointments[170]
  Ukraine Direct election[171] Election by legislature[171] Direct election[171]
  United Arab Emirates Indirect election by heads of constituent states[172] Indirect election by heads of constituent states[172] Appointments and indirect election[172]
  United Kingdom Monarchy[173] Election by legislature[173] Direct election[173] Appointments, hereditary peers, and indirect election[173]
  United States Indirect election, Election by the 50 States using their electoral college[174] Direct election[174]
  Uruguay Direct election Direct election
  Uzbekistan Direct election Direct election Indirect election and appointments

V edit

Country Head of state Head of government Legislature
Lower house Upper house
  Vanuatu Election by electoral college[175] Election by legislature[175] Direct election[175]
  Vatican City Monarch elected by college of cardinals[176] Appointment by monarch[176] Appointment by monarch[176]
  Venezuela Direct election Direct election
  Vietnam Election by legislature Direct election
  Virgin Islands President of the United States[177] Direct election[177] Direct election

W edit

Country Head of state Head of government Legislature
Lower house Upper house
  Wallis and Futuna President of France[178] Appointment by president[178] Direct election[178]

Y edit

Country Head of state Head of government Legislature
Lower house Upper house
  Yemen Direct election[179] Appointment by head of state[179] Direct election[179] Appointment by head of state[179]

Z edit

Country Head of state Head of government Legislature
Lower house Upper house
  Zambia Direct election[180] Mostly direct election, some appointments[180]
  Zimbabwe Direct election[181] Direct election[181] Mix of direct and indirect election[181]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b "Useful Information". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Abkhazia. 2017. Retrieved 25 August 2017.
  2. ^ a b Ramachandran, Sudha (10 September 2021). "What Role Will the Taliban's 'Supreme Leader' Play in the New Government?". The Diplomat. Retrieved 5 July 2022.
  3. ^ Jones, Seth G. (December 2020). . CTC Sentinel. 13 (11). Combating Terrorism Center. Archived from the original on 11 February 2022. Retrieved 7 July 2022. an autocratic political system that eschews democracy
  4. ^ "Taliban sources – Afghan Taliban appoint Mansour as leader". Reuters. Peshawar, Pakistan. 30 July 2015. Retrieved 7 July 2022. The shura held outside Quetta unanimously elected Mullah Mansour as the new emir of the Taliban
  5. ^ Sayed, Abdul (8 September 2021). "Analysis: How Are the Taliban Organized?". Voice of America. Retrieved 5 July 2022.
  6. ^ a b c Albania. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  7. ^ a b c d Algeria. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  8. ^ a b c d American Samoa. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  9. ^ a b c Andorra. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  10. ^ a b Angola. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  11. ^ a b c Anguilla. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  12. ^ a b c d Antigua and Barbuda. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  13. ^ a b Argentina. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  14. ^ Armenia. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  15. ^ a b c Aruba. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  16. ^ a b c Australia. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  17. ^ a b c d Austria. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  18. ^ a b c Azerbaijan. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  19. ^ a b c d Bahamas, The. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  20. ^ a b c d Bahrain. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  21. ^ a b c d Bangladesh. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  22. ^ a b c Barbados. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  23. ^ a b c d Belarus. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  24. ^ a b c d Belgium. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  25. ^ a b c d Belize. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  26. ^ a b Benin. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  27. ^ a b c d Bermuda. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  28. ^ a b c d Bhutan. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  29. ^ a b Bolivia. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  30. ^ a b c d Bosnia and Herzegovina. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  31. ^ a b c Botswana. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  32. ^ a b c Brazil. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  33. ^ a b c British Virgin Islands. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  34. ^ a b Brunei. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  35. ^ a b c Bulgaria. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  36. ^ a b c Burkina Faso. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  37. ^ a b c Burundi. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  38. ^ a b c d Cambodia. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  39. ^ a b c d Cameroon. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  40. ^ a b c d Canada. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  41. ^ a b c Cabo Verde. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  42. ^ a b c Cayman Islands. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  43. ^ a b Central African Republic. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  44. ^ "Central African president names PM in decree: radio". Reuters. 2 April 2016. Retrieved 3 September 2017.
  45. ^ a b c Chad. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  46. ^ a b Chile. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  47. ^ a b c China. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  48. ^ a b c Colombia. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  49. ^ a b Comoros. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  50. ^ a b c Cook Islands. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  51. ^ a b Costa Rica. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  52. ^ a b c Cote d'Ivoire. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  53. ^ a b c Croatia. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  54. ^ a b Cuba. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  55. ^ a b c Curacao. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  56. ^ a b Cyprus. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  57. ^ a b c Czechia. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  58. ^ a b c d Congo, Democratic Republic of the. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  59. ^ a b c Denmark. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  60. ^ a b c Djibouti. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  61. ^ a b c Dominica. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  62. ^ a b Dominican Republic. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  63. ^ a b c Timor-Leste. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  64. ^ a b Ecuador. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  65. ^ a b c Egypt. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  66. ^ a b El Salvador. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  67. ^ a b c d Equatorial Guinea. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  68. ^ a b Eritrea. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  69. ^ a b c Estonia. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  70. ^ a b c d Swaziland. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  71. ^ a b c d Ethiopia. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  72. ^ a b c Falkland Islands. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  73. ^ a b c Faroe Islands. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  74. ^ a b c Fiji. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  75. ^ a b c Finland. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  76. ^ a b c d France. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  77. ^ a b c French Polynesia. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  78. ^ a b c d Gabon. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  79. ^ a b Gambia, The. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  80. ^ a b c Georgia. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  81. ^ a b c d Germany. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  82. ^ a b Ghana. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  83. ^ a b c Gibraltar. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  84. ^ a b c Greece. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  85. ^ a b c Greenland. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  86. ^ a b c d Grenada. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  87. ^ a b c Guam. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  88. ^ a b Guatemala. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  89. ^ a b c Guernsey. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  90. ^ a b c Guinea. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  91. ^ a b c Guinea-Bissau. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  92. ^ a b Guyana. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  93. ^ a b Haiti. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  94. ^ Charles, Jacqueline (22 February 2017). "A doctor with no political experience has been tapped to become Haiti's next prime minister". The Miami Herald. Retrieved 8 September 2017.
  95. ^ a b Honduras. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  96. ^ a b c Hong Kong. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  97. ^ a b c Hungary. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  98. ^ a b c Iceland. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  99. ^ a b c d India. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  100. ^ a b Indonesia. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  101. ^ a b c Iran. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  102. ^ a b c Iraq. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  103. ^ a b c d Ireland. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  104. ^ a b c d Isle of Man. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  105. ^ a b Israel. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  106. ^ "Basic Law: The Government (2001)". Basic Law: The Government (2001). Official Website of the Knesset. Retrieved 20 November 2018.
  107. ^ a b c Italy. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  108. ^ a b c d Jamaica. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  109. ^ a b c Japan. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  110. ^ a b c Jersey. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
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  113. ^ a b c Kenya. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  114. ^ a b Kiribati. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  115. ^ a b c Kosovo. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  116. ^ a b c Kuwait. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  117. ^ a b c Kyrgyzstan. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  118. ^ a b c Laos. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  119. ^ a b c Latvia. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  120. ^ a b c Lebanon. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  121. ^ a b c d Lesotho. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
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  126. ^ a b c Lithuania. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  127. ^ a b c Luxembourg. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  128. ^ a b c Macau. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  129. ^ a b c d Madagascar. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  130. ^ a b Malawi. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  131. ^ a b c d Malaysia. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  132. ^ a b Maldives. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  133. ^ a b c Mali. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  134. ^ a b c Montserrat. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  135. ^ a b c Namibia. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  136. ^ a b Nauru. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  137. ^ a b c d Nepal. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  138. ^ a b c d Netherlands. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  139. ^ a b c New Caledonia. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  140. ^ a b c New Zealand. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  141. ^ a b Nicaragua. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  142. ^ a b c Niger. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  143. ^ a b c Niue. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  144. ^ a b c Norfolk Island. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  145. ^ North Korea's parliament elects the Head of State
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  147. ^ a b c Northern Mariana Islands. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  148. ^ a b c Oman. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
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  154. ^ a b c Romania. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  155. ^ a b c d Rwanda. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
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  160. ^ a b c Saint Kitts and Nevis. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  161. ^ a b c Saint Pierre and Miquelon. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  162. ^ a b Saudi Arabia. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  163. ^ a b c . The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
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  166. ^ a b c Sweden. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
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  169. ^ a b c Tuvalu. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
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  177. ^ a b Virgin Islands. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
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External links edit

 
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January 01, 1970
elections, country, further, information, election, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers. Further information Election This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Elections by country news newspapers books scholar JSTOR December 2010 Learn how and when to remove this message For each de jure and de facto sovereign state and dependent territory an article on elections in that entity has been included and information on the way the head of state head of government and the legislature is selected Merged cells for head of state and head of government indicate the office is the same for that country merged cells for lower house and upper house indicate a unicameral legislature The linked articles include the results of the elections For a chronological order see the electoral calendar Contents A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y ZA editCountry Head of state Head of government Legislature Lower house Upper house nbsp Abkhazia Direct election 1 Direct election 1 nbsp Afghanistan Autocrat elected by legislature 2 3 4 Appointment by autocrat 2 Appointment by autocrat 5 nbsp Aland President of Finland Election by legislature Direct election nbsp Albania Election by legislature 6 Election by legislature 6 Direct election 6 nbsp Algeria Direct election 7 Election by legislature 7 Direct election 7 Partially elected by electoral college rest appointed by President 7 nbsp American Samoa President of the United States 8 Direct election 8 Direct election 8 Election by regional governing councils 8 nbsp Andorra The President of France and the Bishop of Urgell are co heads of state 9 Election by legislature 9 Direct election 9 nbsp Angola Election by legislature 10 Direct election 10 nbsp Anguilla Monarchy 11 Election by legislature 11 Direct election and appointments 11 nbsp Antigua and Barbuda Monarchy 12 Election by legislature 12 Direct election 12 Appointments 12 nbsp Argentina Direct election 13 Direct election 13 nbsp Armenia Election by Legislature Election by Legislature Direct election 14 nbsp Aruba Monarch of the Netherlands 15 Election by legislature 15 Direct election 15 nbsp Australia Monarchy 16 Election by legislature 16 Direct election 16 nbsp Austria Direct election 17 Election by legislature 17 Direct election 17 Indirect election 17 nbsp Azerbaijan Direct election 18 Appointment by head of state 18 Direct election 18 B editCountry Head of state Head of government Legislature Lower house Upper house nbsp Bahamas Monarchy 19 Election by legislature 19 Direct election 19 Appointments 19 nbsp Bahrain Monarchy 20 Appointment by head of state 20 Direct election 20 Appointments 20 nbsp Bangladesh Election by legislature 21 Election by legislature 21 Direct and indirect election 21 nbsp Barbados Election by legislature 22 Election by legislature 21 Direct election 22 Appointments 22 nbsp Belarus Direct election 23 Appointment by head of state 23 Direct election 23 Indirect election and appointments 23 nbsp Belgium Monarchy 24 Election by legislature 24 Direct election 24 Indirect election 24 nbsp Belize Monarchy 25 Election by legislature 25 Direct election 25 Appointments 25 nbsp Benin Direct election 26 Direct election 26 nbsp Bermuda Monarchy 27 Election by legislature 27 Direct election 27 Appointments 27 nbsp Bhutan Monarchy 28 Elected by legislature 28 Direct election 28 Direct election and appointments 28 nbsp Bolivia Direct election 29 Direct election 29 nbsp Bosnia and Herzegovina Rotating presidency of directly elected candidates 30 Appointment by head of state 30 Direct election 30 Indirect election 30 nbsp Botswana Election by legislature 31 Direct election 31 Hereditary and appointments 31 nbsp Brazil Direct election 32 Direct election 32 Direct election 32 nbsp British Virgin Islands Monarchy 33 Election by legislature 33 Direct election 33 nbsp Brunei Monarchy 34 Appointments by head of state 34 nbsp Bulgaria Direct election 35 Election by legislature 35 Direct election 35 nbsp Burkina Faso Direct election 36 Appointment by head of state 36 Direct election 36 Burma see Myanmar nbsp Burundi Direct election 37 Direct election and co option 37 Indirect election 37 C editCountry Head of state Head of government Legislature Lower house Upper house Cabo Verde see Cape Verde nbsp Cambodia Monarch elected by Royal Council 38 Election by lower house of legislature 38 Direct election 38 Indirect election and appointments 38 nbsp Cameroon Direct election 39 Appointment by head of state 39 Direct election 39 Indirect election and appointments 39 nbsp Canada Monarchy 40 Election by lower house of legislature 40 Direct election 40 Appointments 40 nbsp Cape Verde Direct election 41 Appointment by head of state 41 Direct election 41 nbsp Cayman Islands Monarchy 42 Election by legislature 42 Direct election and appointments 42 nbsp Central African Republic Direct election 43 Appointment by head of state 44 Direct election 43 nbsp Chad Direct election 45 Appointment by head of state 45 Direct election 45 nbsp Chile Direct election 46 Direct election 46 nbsp China Election by legislature 47 Appointment by head of state 47 Indirect election 47 nbsp Colombia Direct election 48 Direct election 48 Direct election 48 nbsp Comoros Direct election 49 Direct and indirect election 49 Congo Brazzaville see Republic of the Congo Congo Kinshasa see Democratic Republic of the Congo nbsp Cook Islands Monarchy 50 Election by legislature 50 Direct election 50 nbsp Costa Rica Direct election 51 Direct election 51 nbsp Cote d Ivoire Direct election 52 Appointment by head of state 52 Direct election 52 nbsp Croatia Direct election 53 Election by legislature 53 Direct election 53 nbsp Cuba Election by legislature 54 Direct election 54 nbsp Curacao Monarch of the Netherlands 55 Election by legislature 55 Direct election 55 nbsp Cyprus Direct election 56 Direct election 56 nbsp Czech Republic Direct election 57 Appointment by head of state 57 Direct election 57 D editCountry Head of state Head of government Legislature Lower house Upper house nbsp Democratic Republic of the Congo Direct election 58 Appointment by head of state 58 Direct election 58 Indirect election 58 nbsp Denmark Monarchy 59 Election by legislature 59 Direct election 59 nbsp Djibouti Direct election 60 Appointment by head of state 60 Direct election 60 nbsp Dominica Election by legislature 61 Appointment by head of state 61 Direct election and appointments 61 nbsp Dominican Republic Direct election 62 Direct election 62 E editCountry Head of state Head of government Legislature Lower house Upper house nbsp East Timor Direct election 63 Election by legislature 63 Direct election 63 nbsp Ecuador Direct election 64 Direct election 64 nbsp Egypt Direct election 65 Appointment by head of state 65 Direct election and appointments 65 nbsp El Salvador Direct election 66 Direct election 66 nbsp Equatorial Guinea Direct election 67 Appointment by head of state 67 Direct election 67 Direct election and appointments 67 nbsp Eritrea Election by legislature 68 Direct and indirect election 68 nbsp Estonia Election by legislature and or electoral college 69 Appointment by head of state 69 Direct election 69 nbsp Eswatini Monarchy 70 Appointment by head of state 70 Election by traditional local councils and appointments 70 Election by lower house and appointments 70 nbsp Ethiopia Election by legislature 71 Election by legislature 71 Direct election 71 Indirect election 71 F editCountry Head of state Head of government Legislature Lower house Upper house nbsp Falkland Islands Monarchy 72 Indirect appointment by monarch 72 Direct election and appointments 72 nbsp Faroe Islands Monarch of Denmark 73 Election by legislature 73 Direct election 73 Federated States of Micronesia see Micronesia nbsp Fiji Election by legislature 74 Appointment by president 74 Direct election 74 nbsp Finland Direct election 75 Election by legislature 75 Direct election 75 nbsp France Direct election 76 Appointment by president 76 Direct election 76 Indirect election 76 nbsp French Polynesia President of France 77 Election by legislature 77 Direct election 77 G editCountry Head of state Head of government Legislature Lower house Upper house nbsp Gabon Direct election 78 Appointment by head of state 78 Direct election 78 Indirect election 78 nbsp Gambia Direct election 79 Direct election and appointments 79 nbsp Georgia Direct election 80 Election by legislature 80 Direct election 80 nbsp Germany Election by electoral college 81 Election by legislature 81 Direct election 81 Representation of state governments 81 nbsp Ghana Direct election 82 Direct election 82 nbsp Gibraltar Monarchy 83 Election by legislature 83 Direct and indirect election 83 nbsp Greece Election by legislature 84 Election by legislature 84 Direct election 84 nbsp Greenland Monarch of Denmark 85 Election by legislature 85 Direct election 85 nbsp Grenada Monarchy 86 Election by legislature 86 Direct election 86 Appointment 86 nbsp Guam President of the United States 87 Direct election 87 Direct election 87 nbsp Guatemala Direct election 88 Direct election 88 nbsp Guernsey Monarchy 89 Election by legislature 89 Direct election 89 nbsp Guinea Direct election 90 Appointment by head of state 90 Direct election 90 nbsp Guinea Bissau Direct election 91 Appointment by head of state 91 Direct election 91 nbsp Guyana Election by legislature 92 Direct election 92 H editCountry Head of state Head of government Legislature Lower house Upper house nbsp Haiti Direct election 93 Appointment by head of state 94 Direct election 93 nbsp Honduras Direct election 95 Direct election 95 nbsp Hong Kong Election by election committee followed by appointment by state council 96 Election by election committee followed by appointment by state council 96 Direct election and indirect election 96 Holy See see Vatican City nbsp Hungary Election by legislature 97 Election by legislature 97 Direct election 97 I editCountry Head of state Head of government Legislature Lower house Upper house nbsp Iceland Direct election 98 Election by legislature 98 Direct election 98 nbsp India Election by electoral college 99 Election by legislature 99 Direct election 99 Indirect election 99 nbsp Indonesia Direct election 100 Direct election 100 nbsp Iran Election by Assembly of Experts 101 Direct election 101 Direct election and appointment 101 nbsp Iraq Election by legislature 102 Election by legislature 102 Direct election 102 nbsp Ireland Direct election 103 Election by lower house of legislature 103 Direct election 103 Election by functional constituencies and appointment 103 nbsp Isle of Man Monarchy 104 Election by legislature 104 Direct election 104 Indirect election ex officio 104 nbsp Israel Election by legislature 105 Appointment by president 106 Direct election 105 nbsp Italy Election by legislature 107 Appointment by president 107 Direct election 107 J editCountry Head of state Head of government Legislature Lower house Upper house nbsp Jamaica Monarchy 108 Election by lower house of legislature 108 Direct election 108 Appointment 108 nbsp Japan Monarchy 109 Election by lower house of legislature 109 Direct election 109 nbsp Jersey Monarchy 110 Election by legislature 110 Direct election 110 nbsp Jordan Monarchy 111 Appointment by monarch 111 Direct election 111 Appointment by monarch 111 K editCountry Head of state Head of government Legislature Lower house Upper house nbsp Kazakhstan Direct election 112 Appointment by head of state 112 Direct and indirect election 112 Indirect election and appointments 112 nbsp Kenya Direct election 113 Direct election and appointments 113 Direct election 113 nbsp Kiribati Direct election 114 Direct election and appointments 114 Korea North see North Korea Korea South see South Korea nbsp Kosovo Election by legislature 115 Election by legislature 115 Direct election 115 nbsp Kuwait Monarchy 116 Appointment by head of state 116 Direct election and appointments 116 nbsp Kyrgyzstan Direct election 117 Election by legislature 117 Direct election 117 L editCountry Head of state Head of government Legislature Lower house Upper house nbsp Laos Election by legislature 118 Election by legislature 118 Direct election 118 nbsp Latvia Election by legislature 119 Appointment by head of state 119 Direct election 119 nbsp Lebanon Election by legislature 120 Appointment by head of state 120 Direct election 120 nbsp Lesotho Monarchy 121 Election by lower house of legislature 121 Direct election 121 Appointments 121 nbsp Liberia Direct election 122 Direct election 122 Direct election 122 nbsp Libya Head of Presidential Council 123 Direct election 124 nbsp Liechtenstein Monarchy 125 Election by legislature 125 Direct election 125 nbsp Lithuania Direct election 126 Appointment by head of state 126 Direct election 126 nbsp Luxembourg Monarchy 127 Election by legislature 127 Direct election 127 M editCountry Head of state Head of government Legislature Lower house Upper house nbsp Macau Election by election committee 128 Election by election committee 128 Direct election indirect election and appointments 128 nbsp Madagascar Direct election 129 Election by lower house of legislature 129 Direct election 129 Indirect election and appointments 129 nbsp Malawi Direct election 130 Direct election 130 nbsp Malaysia Election by the rulers of the Malay states 131 Election by lower house of legislature 131 Direct election 131 Indirect election and appointments 131 nbsp Maldives Direct election 132 Direct election 132 nbsp Mali Direct election 133 Appointment by head of state 133 Direct election 133 nbsp Malta Election by legislature Appointment by head of state Direct election nbsp Marshall Islands Election by legislature Direct election nbsp Mauritania Direct election Direct election Indirect election nbsp Mauritius Election by legislature Direct election nbsp Mexico Direct election Direct election Direct election nbsp Micronesia Election by legislature Direct election nbsp Moldova Direct election Direct election nbsp Monaco Monarchy Direct election nbsp Mongolia Direct election Direct election nbsp Montenegro Direct election Direct election nbsp Montserrat Monarchy 134 Election by legislature 134 Direct election 134 nbsp Morocco Monarchy Appointment by head of state Direct election Indirect election and election by functional groups nbsp Mozambique Direct election Direct election nbsp Myanmar Election by legislature Direct election and appointmentsN editCountry Head of state Head of government Legislature Lower house Upper house nbsp Nagorno Karabakh Direct election Direct election nbsp Namibia Direct election 135 Direct election 135 Indirect election 135 nbsp Nauru Election by legislature 136 Direct election 136 nbsp Nepal Indirect election 137 Election by legislature 137 Direct election 137 Indirect election and appointments 137 nbsp Netherlands Monarchy 138 Election by legislature 138 Direct election 138 Indirect election 138 nbsp New Caledonia President of France 139 Election by legislature 139 Indirect election 139 nbsp New Zealand Monarchy 140 Election by legislature 140 Direct election 140 nbsp Nicaragua Direct election 141 Direct election and ex officio 141 nbsp Niger Direct election 142 Appointment by head of state 142 Direct election 142 nbsp Nigeria Direct election Direct election nbsp Niue Monarchy 143 Election by legislature 143 Direct election 143 nbsp Norfolk Island Monarchy 144 Indirect appointment by head of state 144 Direct election 144 nbsp North Korea Elected by legislature 145 Direct election nbsp North Macedonia Direct election 146 Election by legislature 146 Direct election 146 nbsp Northern Cyprus Direct election Direct election nbsp Northern Mariana Islands President of the United States 147 Direct election 147 Direct election 147 nbsp Norway Monarchy Direct electionO editCountry Head of state Head of government Legislature Lower house Upper house nbsp Oman Monarchy 148 Indirect election 148 Appointments 148 P editCountry Head of state Head of government Legislature Lower house Upper house nbsp Pakistan Election by legislature Direct election Indirect election nbsp Palau Direct election Direct election nbsp Palestine Direct election Direct election nbsp Panama Direct election Direct election nbsp Papua New Guinea Monarchy 149 Election by legislature 149 Direct election 149 nbsp Paraguay Direct election Direct election People s Republic of China see China nbsp Peru Direct election Direct election nbsp Philippines Direct election Direct election nbsp Pitcairn Islands Monarchy 150 Direct election 150 Direct election and appointment 150 nbsp Poland Direct election Appointment by head of state Direct election nbsp Portugal Direct election Appointment by head of state 151 Direct election nbsp Puerto Rico President of the United States 152 Direct election 152 Direct election 152 Q editCountry Head of state Head of government Legislature Lower house Upper house nbsp Qatar Monarchy 153 Appointed by monarch 153 Appointed by monarch 153 R editCountry Head of state Head of government Legislature Lower house Upper house Republic of China see Taiwan nbsp Republic of the Congo Direct election Direct election Indirect election nbsp Romania Direct election 154 Appointed by head of state 154 Direct election 154 nbsp Russia Direct election Direct election Indirect election and appointments nbsp Rwanda Direct election 155 Appointment by head of state 155 Direct election and appointments 155 Indirect election and appointments 155 S editCountry Head of state Head of government Legislature Lower house Upper house nbsp Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Election by legislature 156 Appointment by head of state 157 Direct election 158 nbsp Saint Helena Monarchy 159 Appointment by head of state 159 Direct election and appointments 159 nbsp Saint Kitts and Nevis Monarchy 160 Election by legislature 160 Direct election and appointments 160 nbsp Saint Lucia Monarchy Direct election Appointments nbsp Saint Pierre and Miquelon President of France 161 Election by legislature 161 Direct election 161 nbsp Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Monarchy Direct election and appointments nbsp Samoa Election by legislature Direct election nbsp San Marino Election by legislature Direct election nbsp Sao Tome and Principe Direct election Direct election nbsp Saudi Arabia Monarchy 162 Appointment by monarch 162 nbsp Senegal Direct election Direct election nbsp Serbia Direct election Direct election nbsp Seychelles Direct election Direct election nbsp Sierra Leone Direct election Direct election nbsp Singapore Direct election Direct election nbsp Sint Maarten Monarch of the Netherlands 163 Election by legislature 163 Direct election 163 nbsp Slovakia Direct election Direct election nbsp Slovenia Direct election Direct election Representation of interest groups nbsp Solomon Islands Monarchy 164 Election by legislature 164 Direct election 164 nbsp Somalia Direct election Transition nbsp Somaliland Direct election Direct election Traditional leaders nbsp South Africa Election by lower house of legislature 165 Direct election 165 Indirect election 165 nbsp South Korea Direct election Direct election nbsp South Ossetia Direct election Direct election nbsp South Sudan Direct election Direct election nbsp Spain Monarchy Election by legislature Direct election Direct and indirect election nbsp Sri Lanka Direct election Direct election nbsp Sudan Direct election Appointments due to transition Indirect election nbsp Suriname Election by electoral college Direct election nbsp Sweden Monarchy 166 Election by legislature 166 Direct election 166 nbsp Switzerland Election by legislature Direct election nbsp Syria Approval by referendum Direct electionT editCountry Head of state Head of government Legislature Lower house Upper house nbsp Taiwan Direct election Direct election nbsp Tajikistan Direct election Direct election Indirect election and appointments nbsp Tanzania Direct election Direct election nbsp Thailand Monarchy Election by legislature Direct election Direct election and appointments Timor Leste see East Timor nbsp Togo Direct election Direct election nbsp Tokelau Monarchy 167 Rotation of village leaders 167 Direct election 167 nbsp Tonga Monarchy Partially direct election partially by limited suffrage partially ex officio nbsp Transnistria Direct election Direct election nbsp Trinidad and Tobago Election by legislature Direct election Appointments nbsp Tunisia Direct election Election by legislature Direct election nbsp Turkey Direct election Direct election nbsp Turkmenistan Direct election Direct election nbsp Turks and Caicos Islands Monarchy 168 Election by legislature 168 Direct election 168 nbsp Tuvalu Monarchy 169 Election by legislature 169 Direct election 169 U editCountry Head of state Head of government Legislature Lower house Upper house nbsp Uganda Direct election 170 Direct election and appointments 170 nbsp Ukraine Direct election 171 Election by legislature 171 Direct election 171 nbsp United Arab Emirates Indirect election by heads of constituent states 172 Indirect election by heads of constituent states 172 Appointments and indirect election 172 nbsp United Kingdom Monarchy 173 Election by legislature 173 Direct election 173 Appointments hereditary peers and indirect election 173 nbsp United States Indirect election Election by the 50 States using their electoral college 174 Direct election 174 nbsp Uruguay Direct election Direct election nbsp Uzbekistan Direct election Direct election Indirect election and appointmentsV editCountry Head of state Head of government Legislature Lower house Upper house nbsp Vanuatu Election by electoral college 175 Election by legislature 175 Direct election 175 nbsp Vatican City Monarch elected by college of cardinals 176 Appointment by monarch 176 Appointment by monarch 176 nbsp Venezuela Direct election Direct election nbsp Vietnam Election by legislature Direct election nbsp Virgin Islands President of the United States 177 Direct election 177 Direct electionW editCountry Head of state Head of government Legislature Lower house Upper house nbsp Wallis and Futuna President of France 178 Appointment by president 178 Direct election 178 Y editCountry Head of state Head of government Legislature Lower house Upper house nbsp Yemen Direct election 179 Appointment by head of state 179 Direct election 179 Appointment by head of state 179 Z editCountry Head of state Head of government Legislature Lower house Upper house nbsp Zambia Direct election 180 Mostly direct election some appointments 180 nbsp Zimbabwe Direct election 181 Direct election 181 Mix of direct and indirect election 181 See also editList of close election results List of democracy and elections related topics List of legislatures by countryReferences edit a b Useful Information Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Abkhazia 2017 Retrieved 25 August 2017 a b Ramachandran Sudha 10 September 2021 What Role Will the Taliban s Supreme Leader Play in the New Government The Diplomat Retrieved 5 July 2022 Jones Seth G December 2020 Afghanistan s Future Emirate The Taliban and the Struggle for Afghanistan CTC Sentinel 13 11 Combating Terrorism Center Archived from the original on 11 February 2022 Retrieved 7 July 2022 an autocratic political system that eschews democracy Taliban sources Afghan Taliban appoint Mansour as leader Reuters Peshawar Pakistan 30 July 2015 Retrieved 7 July 2022 The shura held outside Quetta unanimously elected Mullah Mansour as the new emir of the Taliban Sayed Abdul 8 September 2021 Analysis How Are the Taliban Organized Voice of America Retrieved 5 July 2022 a b c Albania The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Algeria The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d American Samoa The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Andorra The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b Angola The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Anguilla The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Antigua and Barbuda The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b Argentina The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency Armenia The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Aruba The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Australia The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Austria The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Azerbaijan The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Bahamas The The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Bahrain The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Bangladesh The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Barbados The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Belarus The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Belgium The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Belize The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b Benin The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Bermuda The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Bhutan The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b Bolivia The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Bosnia and Herzegovina The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Botswana The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Brazil The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c British Virgin Islands The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b Brunei The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Bulgaria The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Burkina Faso The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Burundi The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Cambodia The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Cameroon The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Canada The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Cabo Verde The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Cayman Islands The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b Central African Republic The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency Central African president names PM in decree radio Reuters 2 April 2016 Retrieved 3 September 2017 a b c Chad The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b Chile The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c China The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Colombia The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b Comoros The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Cook Islands The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b Costa Rica The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Cote d Ivoire The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Croatia The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b Cuba The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Curacao The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b Cyprus The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Czechia The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Congo Democratic Republic of the The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Denmark The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Djibouti The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Dominica The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b Dominican Republic The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Timor Leste The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b Ecuador The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Egypt The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b El Salvador The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Equatorial Guinea The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b Eritrea The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Estonia The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Swaziland The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Ethiopia The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Falkland Islands The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Faroe Islands The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Fiji The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Finland The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d France The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c French Polynesia The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Gabon The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b Gambia The The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Georgia The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Germany The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b Ghana The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Gibraltar The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Greece The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Greenland The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Grenada The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Guam The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b Guatemala The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Guernsey The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Guinea The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Guinea Bissau The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b Guyana The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b Haiti The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency Charles Jacqueline 22 February 2017 A doctor with no political experience has been tapped to become Haiti s next prime minister The Miami Herald Retrieved 8 September 2017 a b Honduras The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Hong Kong The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Hungary The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Iceland The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d India The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b Indonesia The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Iran The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Iraq The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Ireland The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Isle of Man The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b Israel The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency Basic Law The Government 2001 Basic Law The Government 2001 Official Website of the Knesset Retrieved 20 November 2018 a b c Italy The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Jamaica The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Japan The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Jersey The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Jordan The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Kazakhstan The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Kenya The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b Kiribati The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Kosovo The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Kuwait The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Kyrgyzstan The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Laos The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Latvia The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Lebanon The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Lesotho The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Liberia The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency Kingsley Patrick 17 December 2015 Libyan politicians sign UN peace deal to unify rival governments The Guardian Archived from the original on 17 December 2015 Libya The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Liechtenstein The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Lithuania The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Luxembourg The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Macau The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Madagascar The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b Malawi The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Malaysia The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b Maldives The World Factbook Central 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Intelligence Agency a b c Papua New Guinea The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Pitcairn Islands The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency Artigo 133 º Constitution of the Portuguese Republic Assembly of the Republic Retrieved 16 November 2022 a b c Puerto Rico The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Qatar The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Romania The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Rwanda The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency The Constitution of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic PDF Archived PDF from the original on February 27 2021 Article 51 The Secretary General of the Frente POLISARIO shall be ex officio the President of the Republic He she shall be elected by the General Congress of the Frente POLISARIO by secret and direct suffrage The Constitution of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic PDF Archived PDF from the original on February 27 2021 Article 53 The President of the Republic shall appoint the Prime Minister and shall terminate his her functions The Constitution of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic PDF Archived PDF from the original on February 27 2021 Article 79 Members of the National Council shall be elected by direct and secret suffrage once between two Congresses a b c Saint Helena Ascension and Tristan da Cunha The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Saint Kitts and Nevis The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Saint Pierre and Miquelon The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b Saudi Arabia The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Sint Maarten The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Solomon Islands The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c South Africa The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Sweden The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Tokelau The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Turks and Caicos Islands The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Tuvalu The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b Uganda The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Ukraine The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c United Arab Emirates The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d United Kingdom The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b United States The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Vanuatu The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Holy See The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b Virgin Islands The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Wallis and Futuna The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c d Yemen The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b Zambia The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency a b c Zimbabwe The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Elections by country http www ipu org parline e parlinesearch asp PARLINE database on national parliaments contains information on the structure and working methods of 265 parliamentary chambers in all of the 189 countries where a national legislature exists ACE Electoral Knowledge Network Expert site providing encyclopedia on Electoral Systems and Management country by country data a library of electoral materials latest election news the opportunity to submit questions to a network of electoral experts and a forum to discuss all of the above Election Resources Adam Carr s Election Archive International Foundation for Electoral Systems Electionguide African Elections Database Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Elections by country amp oldid 1222124731, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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