Georgia's location, nestled between the Black Sea, Russia, and Turkey, renders it strategically important. It is developing as the gateway from the Black Sea to the Caucasus and the larger Caspian region, but also serves as a buffer between Russia and Turkey. Georgia has a long and tumultuous relationship with Russia, but it is reaching out to its other neighbours and looking to the West in search of alternatives and opportunities. It signed a partnership and cooperation agreement with the European Union, participates in the Partnership for Peace, and encourages foreign investment. France, Germany, South Korea, the United Kingdom, and the United States all have embassies in Tbilisi. Georgia in 2004-2008 sought to become a member of NATO, but did not succeed in the face of strong Russian opposition.[1]
Nicaraguan-Georgian diplomatic relations established on 19 September 1994[46] and ended on 29 November 2008. The Georgian Foreign Ministry said that it had cut diplomatic ties with Nicaragua in a response to the latter's recognition of independence of breakaway South Ossetia and Abkhazia.[47]
Armenia and Georgia have a long history of cultural and political relations. The interaction peaked in the Middle Ages when both nations engaged in prolific cultural dialogue and allied themselves against the neighboring Muslim empires. There were frequent intermarriages between Armenian and Georgian the royal and noble families and both ethnicities intermingled in several border areas.
Armenia has an embassy in Tbilisi and a general consulate in Batumi.
There are 284,761 Azeris in Georgia. They are the largest minority of Georgia and comprise 6.5% of Georgia's population mostly in Kvemo Kartli, Kakheti, Shida Kartli and Mtskheta-Mtianeti. There is also a large Azeri community in the capital city of Tbilisi.[51] The Georgian minority in Azerbaijan is less sizable. They are known as Ingiloy and are mostly concentrated in northwestern Azerbaijan.
Azerbaijan has an embassy in Tbilisi and a general consulate in Batumi.
Georgia has an embassy in Baku and a general consulate in Ganja.
On 29 August 2008, in the aftermath of the 2008 South Ossetia war, Deputy Foreign Minister Grigol Vashadze announced that Georgia had broken diplomatic relations with Russia. He also said that Russian diplomats must leave Georgia, and that no Georgian diplomat would remain in Russia, while only consular relations would be maintained. Russian foreign ministry spokesman Andrei Nesterenko said that Russia regretted this step.[104]
After the war, when Abkhazia and South Ossetia broke away from Georgia, Georgia and Sweden both did not recognize the independence of both states. There were protests near the Russian embassy in Stockholm, as the war was going on 12 August 2008. The protests was held by a group of Georgians and Swedes.
4 February 2011[120]—16 February 2012[121] 31 March 2014[122]
On 16 February 2012 Georgia issued a presidential order ending diplomatic relations with Tuvalu. This comes in response to a visit by the Prime Minister of Tuvalu, Willy Telavi, to Abkhazia and South Ossetia in September 2011, where he announced that the Pacific nation would recognise the two states.[121]However, the Prime Minister of Tuvalu, Enele Sopoaga retracted the recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia on 31 March 2014 when Tuvalu's Foreign Minister Taukelina Finikaso signed an agreement to establish diplomatic relations with Georgia. Tuvalu's Foreign Minister said that his country supports Georgia's territorial integrity in its international recognized borders.[122][123]
^Tsygankov, Andrei P. (2013). "The Russia-NATO mistrust: Ethnophobia and the double expansion to contain 'the Russian Bear'". Communist and Post-Communist Studies. 46 (1): 179–188. doi:10.1016/j.postcomstud.2012.12.015.
^Utiashvili, Tamta (4 June 2014). "Why Is a Small State Like Georgia Important for the USA, the EU and Russia?". e-ir.info/. Retrieved 21 October 2014.
^Kramer, Andrew (29 August 2008). "Georgia and Russia Cut Diplomatic Ties". The New York Times. Retrieved 21 October 2014.
^"Bilateral relations between Georgia and the United Republic of Tanzania". Retrieved 4 September 2022.
^"Bilateral relations". Retrieved 1 September 2022.
^"LIST OF COUNTRIES MAINTAINING DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH MONGOLIA" (PDF). p. 3. (PDF) from the original on 21 December 2021. Retrieved 21 December 2021.
^"Gaceta del Senado MIÉRCOLES 15 DE AGOSTO DE 2018 / GACETA: LXIII/3SPR-29/82954" (in Spanish). Retrieved 1 September 2022.
^"Bilateral Relations between Georgia and the People's Republic of China". Retrieved 1 September 2022.
^"Bilateral relations between Georgia and the Republic of Zambia". Retrieved 2 September 2022.
^Wertz, Daniel; Oh, JJ; Kim, Insung (August 2016). Issue Brief: DPRK Diplomatic Relations(PDF). The National Committee on North Korea. p. 8. (PDF) from the original on 28 December 2016.
^"Uruguay, Georgia discuss signing free trade agreement". 20 August 2021. Retrieved 3 May 2022.
^"Relations between Georgia and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan". Retrieved 1 September 2022.
^"Relations between Georgia and Kingdom of Saudi Arabia". Retrieved 1 September 2022.
^(PDF). p. 166. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 29 December 2015.
^"LIST OF MEMBER STATES OF THE UNITED NATIONS (193) HAVING DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH CAMBODIA". mfaic.gov.kh. Retrieved 2 October 2021.
^"Relations Between Georgia and Yemen". Retrieved 1 September 2022.
^"Bilateral relations between Georgia and the Republic of Cote d'Ivoire". Retrieved 2 September 2011.
^"Bilateral relations between Georgia and the Republic of Tunisia". Retrieved 2 September 2022.
^"Bilateral relations between Georgia and the Republic of Sierra Leone". Retrieved 2 September 2012.
^"Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka". Retrieved 1 September 2022.
^"Diplomatic Relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Laos. Retrieved 30 June 2021.
^"Bilateral Relations between Georgia and the Central African Republic". Retrieved 2 September 2022.
^"Bilateral Relations between Georgia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo". Retrieved 2 September 2022.
^"Bilateral Relations between Georgia and the Republic of the Congo". Retrieved 2 September 2022.
^ ab. Archived from the original on 26 March 2018. Retrieved 25 March 2018.
^"Information on establishment of diplomatic relations between Georgia and the Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe". 12 September 2014. Retrieved 2 September 2022.
^ ab"Information about the break-off of the diplomatic relations between Georgia and Syrian Arab Republic". Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Georgia). Retrieved 16 April 2019.
^"國家/地方政府基本資料-喬治亞(Georgia)". Taiwanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 10 July 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
^"საქართველოს საგარეო საქმეთა სამინისტრო - უზბეკეთის რესპუბლიკა". mfa.gov.ge. Retrieved 6 April 2018.
^ ab"Bilateral Relations Between Georgia and the Kingdom of the Netherlands". Embassy of Georgia to the Kingdom of the Netherlands. 7 March 2020. Retrieved 7 March 2020.
^"Ambassador's Welcome Speech". Embassy of Georgia to the Kingdom of the Netherlands. 7 March 2020. Retrieved 7 March 2020.
^. britishembassy.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 27 May 2008. Retrieved 6 April 2018.
^"Embassy of Georgia to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland". Retrieved 31 December 2016.
^"Relations Between Georgia and the Commonwealth of Australia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia. Retrieved 10 November 2020. Diplomatic relations between Georgia and the Commonwealth of Australia were established on July 16, 1992.
^. Archived from the original on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 26 January 2017.
^ ab"Fiji Government Online Portal - GEORGIA-FIJI RELATIONS POSITIVE". www.fiji.gov.fj. Retrieved 6 April 2018.
^"საქართველოს საგარეო საქმეთა სამინისტრო - ფიჯის კუნძულების რესპუბლიკა". www.mfa.gov.ge. Retrieved 6 April 2018.
^"Bilateral Relations Between Georgia and the Kiribati". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia. Retrieved 10 November 2020. Diplomatic relations between Georgia and the Kiribati were established on 28 September 2012.
^"Georgia and Tuvalu established diplomatic relations". Georgian Daily. 4 February 2011. Retrieved 12 July 2011.
^ abCivil.ge (17 February 2012). "Georgia Cuts Diplomatic Ties with Tuvalu". Civil Georgia. Retrieved 17 February 2012.
^ ab. civil.ge. 31 March 2014. Archived from the original on 31 March 2014. Retrieved 31 March 2014.
^"Tuvalu scraps recognition of Georgia breakaway regions". Business Standard India. Business Standard/AFP (Tbilisi). 31 March 2014. Retrieved 1 April 2014.
External links
United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia
and President Rosalyn Higgins concurring and Joint Dissenting Opinion and
January 28, 2023
foreign, relations, georgia, georgia, location, nestled, between, black, russia, turkey, renders, strategically, important, developing, gateway, from, black, caucasus, larger, caspian, region, also, serves, buffer, between, russia, turkey, georgia, long, tumul. Georgia s location nestled between the Black Sea Russia and Turkey renders it strategically important It is developing as the gateway from the Black Sea to the Caucasus and the larger Caspian region but also serves as a buffer between Russia and Turkey Georgia has a long and tumultuous relationship with Russia but it is reaching out to its other neighbours and looking to the West in search of alternatives and opportunities It signed a partnership and cooperation agreement with the European Union participates in the Partnership for Peace and encourages foreign investment France Germany South Korea the United Kingdom and the United States all have embassies in Tbilisi Georgia in 2004 2008 sought to become a member of NATO but did not succeed in the face of strong Russian opposition 1 Georgia is a member of the United Nations the Council of Europe and the OSCE Because of its strategic location Georgia is in both the Russian and American spheres of influence 2 however Georgia s relationship with Russia is at its lowest point since 1921 due to controversies regarding espionage and the Russo Georgian War As a result Georgia broke off diplomatic relations with Russia and has left the Commonwealth of Independent States 3 Contents 1 Diplomatic relations 2 Relations by country 2 1 Multilateral 2 2 Africa 2 3 Americas 2 4 Asia 2 5 Europe 2 6 Oceania 3 Overview 4 See also 5 Further reading 6 Notes 7 References 8 External linksDiplomatic relations Edit Countries with which Georgia maintains diplomatic relationsGeorgia maintains diplomatic relations with 186 UN member states Holy See and the Sovereign Military Order of Malta The list below excludes Tanzania as no date is given 4 Country 5 Date1 New Zealand 11 March 19922 United States 6 24 March 19923 Austria 25 March 19924 Germany 13 April 19925 Cuba 18 April 19926 Greece 20 April 19927 Netherlands 22 April 19928 United Kingdom 27 April 19929 Poland 28 April 199210 Egypt 11 May 199211 Italy 11 May 199212 Mongolia 7 12 May 199213 Hungary 14 May 199214 Iran 15 May 199215 Turkey 21 May 1992 Holy See 23 May 199216 Portugal 23 May 199217 Israel 1 June 199218 Belgium 5 June 199219 Bulgaria 5 June 199220 Norway 5 June 199221 Chile 8 June 199222 Mexico 8 8 June 199223 China 9 9 June 199224 Liechtenstein 10 10 June 199225 Switzerland 10 June 199226 Armenia 17 June 199227 Estonia 17 June 199228 Moldova 25 June 199229 Romania 11 25 June 199230 Vietnam 12 30 June 199231 Denmark 1 July 199232 Finland 8 July 199233 Cyprus 9 July 199234 Spain 9 July 199235 Kyrgyzstan 13 10 July 199236 Australia 16 July 199237 Turkmenistan 16 July 199238 Thailand 14 21 July 199239 Ukraine 22 July 199240 Canada 23 July 199241 Kazakhstan 15 23 July 199242 Zimbabwe 16 24 July 199243 Morocco 17 30 July 199244 Japan 3 August 199245 France 21 August 199246 Bangladesh 27 August 199247 Kuwait 3 September 199248 Sweden 19 September 199249 Iceland 21 September 199250 Philippines 18 21 September 199251 India 28 September 199252 United Arab Emirates 20 October 199253 Argentina 2 November 199254 Azerbaijan 8 November 199255 Ghana 4 December 199256 South Korea 14 December 199257 Czech Republic 1 January 199358 Slovakia 1 January 199359 Indonesia 25 January 199360 Slovenia 28 January 199361 Croatia 1 February 199362 Malta 1 February 199363 Monaco 1 February 199364 Singapore 19 16 February 199365 Sudan 20 10 March 199366 Latvia 11 March 199367 Qatar 16 March 199368 Burundi 21 March 199369 Lebanon 1 April 199370 South Africa 23 April 199371 Brazil 28 April 199372 Malaysia 21 7 May 199373 Bahrain 10 May 199374 Algeria 27 May 199375 Ethiopia 29 June 199376 Albania 8 July 199377 Zambia 22 14 October 199378 Belarus 6 January 199479 North Korea 23 11 March 199480 Jordan 6 April 199481 Libya 10 May 199482 Uruguay 24 11 May 199483 Pakistan 25 12 May 199484 Saudi Arabia 26 27 May 199485 Afghanistan 12 July 199486 Tajikistan 27 4 August 199487 Uzbekistan 19 August 199488 Lithuania 16 September 199489 Luxembourg 17 October 199490 Cambodia 28 17 November 199491 Serbia 26 June 199592 Yemen 29 5 September 199593 Ivory Coast 30 21 December 199594 Tunisia 31 7 March 199695 Jamaica 32 31 July 199696 Ireland 12 September 199697 Mozambique 13 September 199698 San Marino 19 November 199699 Angola 10 March 1997100 Sierra Leone 33 7 April 1997101 Colombia 6 June 1997102 Ecuador 28 January 1998103 Bosnia and Herzegovina 16 March 1998104 Costa Rica 5 May 1998105 Sri Lanka 34 16 June 1998 Sovereign Military Order of Malta 24 July 1998106 Guinea 31 July 1998107 Laos 35 6 November 1998108 Panama 18 November 1998109 Bolivia 20 November 1998110 El Salvador 32 17 May 1999111 Myanmar 32 16 August 1999112 Nigeria June 2000113 Djibouti 32 22 November 2000114 Nepal 32 22 September 2005115 Andorra 5 April 2006116 Oman 1 January 2007117 Madagascar 24 May 2007118 Iraq 18 September 2007119 Montenegro 29 October 2007120 Peru 14 January 2010121 Botswana 32 15 January 2010122 Cape Verde 32 22 January 2010123 Dominican Republic 22 January 2010124 Marshall Islands 32 18 February 2010125 Saint Lucia 32 25 February 2010126 Brunei 1 March 2010127 Liberia 32 4 March 2010128 Paraguay 9 March 2010129 Maldives 32 11 March 2010130 Samoa 32 12 March 2010131 Comoros 32 26 March 2010132 Fiji 32 29 March 2010133 Antigua and Barbuda 7 April 2010134 Gambia 21 April 2010135 Guatemala 27 April 2010136 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 32 27 April 2010137 Equatorial Guinea 23 June 2010138 Kenya 32 2 July 2010139 Senegal 32 19 August 2010140 Uganda 32 9 December 2010141 Dominica 15 December 2010142 Central African Republic 36 22 December 2010143 East Timor 32 22 December 2010144 Democratic Republic of the Congo 37 14 January 2011145 Somalia 32 26 January 2011146 Tuvalu 32 4 February 2011147 Mauritius 32 3 March 2011148 Republic of Congo 38 3 March 2011149 Guinea Bissau 9 March 2011150 Honduras 9 March 2011151 Solomon Islands 32 11 March 2011152 Rwanda 32 23 March 2011153 Trinidad and Tobago 32 8 April 2011154 Bahamas 13 May 2011155 Suriname 32 27 May 2011156 Mauritania 32 16 June 2011157 Federated States of Micronesia 32 12 August 2011158 Gabon 19 September 2011159 Malawi 39 19 September 2011160 Palau 39 17 October 2011161 Saint Kitts and Nevis 32 26 October 2011162 Grenada 23 November 2011163 Haiti 32 16 December 2011164 Eritrea 32 24 February 2012165 Guyana 23 April 2012166 Niger 32 30 May 2012167 Mali 32 31 May 2012168 South Sudan 32 15 June 2012169 Kiribati 28 September 2012170 Burkina Faso 32 2 October 2012171 Seychelles 32 15 March 2013172 Vanuatu 32 12 July 2013173 Lesotho 32 23 September 2013174 Cameroon 32 26 September 2013175 Togo 32 27 May 2014176 Chad 32 19 June 2014177 Sao Tome and Principe 40 12 September 2014178 Benin 32 25 September 2014179 Tonga 32 18 February 2015180 Namibia 32 5 November 2015181 Eswatini 32 20 May 2016182 Papua New Guinea 32 4 October 2016183 Belize 1 October 2017184 Barbados 32 8 March 2018185 North Macedonia 32 15 March 2019Relations by country EditMultilateral Edit Organization Formal Relations Began Notes European Union See Georgia European Union relations NATO See Georgia NATO relationsAfrica Edit Country Formal Relations Began Notes Algeria 27 May 1993 See Algeria Georgia relations Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 May 1993 Algeria is represented in Georgia through its embassy in Ankara Turkey Georgia is represented in Algeria through its embassy in Madrid Spain Egypt 11 May 1992 41 See Egypt Georgia relations Egypt is represented in Georgia through its embassy in Yerevan Armenia Georgia has an embassy in Cairo 42 Georgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about the relation with Egypt Georgian foreign minister visits Egypt South Africa 23 April 1994 See Georgia South Africa relations South Africa is represented in Georgia through its embassy in Kyiv Ukraine Georgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about the relations with South Africa South African Department of Foreign Affairs about the relations with GeorgiaAmericas Edit Country Formal Relations Began Notes Brazil April 1993 See Brazil Georgia relations Brazil has an embassy in Tbilisi Georgia has an embassy in Brasilia Canada 23 July 1992 See Canada Georgia relations Canada is accredited to Georgia from its embassy in Ankara Turkey Georgia has an embassy in Ottawa Mexico 8 June 1992 43 See Georgia Mexico relations Georgia has an embassy in Mexico City 44 Mexico is accredited to Georgia from its embassy in Ankara Turkey and maintains an honorary consulate in Tbilisi 45 Nicaragua note 1 14 September 1994 46 28 November 2008 47 See Georgia Nicaragua relations Nicaraguan Georgian diplomatic relations established on 19 September 1994 46 and ended on 29 November 2008 The Georgian Foreign Ministry said that it had cut diplomatic ties with Nicaragua in a response to the latter s recognition of independence of breakaway South Ossetia and Abkhazia 47 United States 23 April 1992 48 See Georgia United States relations On 9 January 2009 the U S Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice and Georgian Foreign Minister Grigol Vashadze signed a Charter on Strategic Partnership a nonbinding document outlining areas of cooperation and reiterating the U S support for Georgia s territorial integrity and to Georgia s NATO membership 49 Asia Edit Country Formal Relations Began Notes Armenia 17 July 1992 50 See Armenia Georgia relations There are nearly 250 000 Armenians in Georgia among them 115 000 living in Samtskhe Javakheti and 83 000 in Tbilisi 51 The Georgian minority in Armenia is less sizable Armenia and Georgia have a long history of cultural and political relations The interaction peaked in the Middle Ages when both nations engaged in prolific cultural dialogue and allied themselves against the neighboring Muslim empires There were frequent intermarriages between Armenian and Georgian the royal and noble families and both ethnicities intermingled in several border areas Armenia has an embassy in Tbilisi and a general consulate in Batumi Georgia has an embassy in Yerevan Both countries are full members of the Euronest Parliamentary Assembly and the EU s Eastern Partnership Azerbaijan 18 November 1992 52 See Azerbaijan Georgia relations There are 284 761 Azeris in Georgia They are the largest minority of Georgia and comprise 6 5 of Georgia s population mostly in Kvemo Kartli Kakheti Shida Kartli and Mtskheta Mtianeti There is also a large Azeri community in the capital city of Tbilisi 51 The Georgian minority in Azerbaijan is less sizable They are known as Ingiloy and are mostly concentrated in northwestern Azerbaijan Azerbaijan has an embassy in Tbilisi and a general consulate in Batumi Georgia has an embassy in Baku and a general consulate in Ganja Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe the Organization for Security and Co operation in Europe OSCE and the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation BSEC China 9 June 1992 53 See China Georgia relations China recognized the independence of Georgia on 27 December 1991 China has an embassy in Tbilisi 54 Georgia has an embassy in Beijing Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs about the relations with Georgia Georgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about the relations with China East Timor 22 December 2011 See East Timor Georgia relations Georgia is represented in Timor by its embassy in Jakarta 55 Hong Kong See Georgia Hong Kong relations India 28 September 1992 56 See Georgia India relations Georgia has an embassy in New Delhi India is represented in Georgia through its embassy in Yerevan Armenia and an honorary consulate in Tbilisi 57 Georgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with India Iran 15 May 1992 58 See Persia Georgia relations Georgia Iran relations Persia and Georgia have had relations for thousands of years Iraq 18 September 2007 See Georgia Iraq relations Israel 1 June 1992 59 See Georgia Israel relations Georgia has an embassy in Tel Aviv Israel has an embassy in Tbilisi There are 13 000 Georgian Jews living in Georgia citation needed Japan 3 August 1992 60 See Georgia Japan relations Since November 2006 Georgia has maintained an embassy in Tokyo Japan has an embassy in Tbilisi Georgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about the relations with Japan Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs about the relations with Georgia Kazakhstan 24 July 1992 61 See Georgia Kazakhstan relations Georgia has an embassy in Nur Sultan and an honorary consulate in Almaty Kazakhstan has an embassy in Tbilisi Both countries are full members of the Organization for Security and Co operation in Europe Georgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about the relation with Kazakhstan Kazakh Ministry of Foreign Affairs about the relation with Georgia Kyrgyzstan 10 July 1992 See Georgia Kyrgyzstan relations Georgia is represented in Kyrgyzstan by its embassy in Nur Sultan 62 Kyrgyzstan is represented in Georgia by its embassy in Baku 63 Both countries are full members of the Organization for Security and Co operation in Europe Malaysia 7 May 1993 64 See Georgia Malaysia relations Georgia has an embassy in Kuala Lumpur Malaysia is represented in Georgia through its embassy in Kyiv Ukraine Georgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Malaysia Myanmar 16 August 1999 See Georgia Myanmar relations South Korea 14 December 1992 65 See Georgia South Korea relations The establishment of diplomatic relations between the Republic of Korea and Georgia began on 14 December 1992 66 Georgian embassy in Seoul 67 68 South Korean embassy in Tbilisi 66 69 Bilateral Trade in 2014 Exports 143 million US dollars Imports 19 million US dollars The number of the South Koreans living in Georgia in 2014 was about 50 Georgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about the relations with the Republic of Korea Syria 18 May 1993 70 5 June 2018 71 See Georgia Syria relations Georgia began the procedure of terminating diplomatic relations with Syria due to Damascus recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia Taiwan none Republic of China passports are not valid for entry in Georgia while the Taiwanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs declared Georgia as a non friendly country to Taiwan 72 Tajikistan 4 August 1994 See Georgia Tajikistan relations Georgia is represented in Tajikistan by its embassy in Tashkent 73 Tajikistan is represented in Georgia by its embassy in Baku 63 Both countries are full members of the Organization for Security and Co operation in Europe Turkey 21 May 1992 74 See Georgia Turkey relations Georgia has an embassy in Ankara and two consulates general in Istanbul and Trabzon 75 Turkey has an embassy in Tbilisi and a consulate general in Batumi 76 Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe the Organization for Security and Co operation in Europe OSCE the Black Sea Naval Co operation Task Group BLACKSEAFOR the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation BSEC and the World Trade Organization WTO Turkey is also a member of NATO while Georgia is a candidate Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with GeorgiaEurope Edit Country Formal Relations Began Notes Albania 8 July 1993 77 See Albania Georgia relations Albania is represented in Georgia through a non resident ambassador based in Ankara Turkey Georgia is represented in Albania through a non resident ambassador based in Ankara Turkey Austria 18 January 1993 78 See Austria Georgia relations Austria is represented in Georgia through a non resident ambassador based in Vienna and through an honorary consulate in Tbilisi Georgia has an embassy in Vienna and an honorary consulate in Graz Austrian Foreign Ministry list of bilateral treaties with Georgia in German only Georgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Austria Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe Belarus 14 July 1992 See Belarus Georgia relations Belarus has an embassy in Tbilisi Georgia has an embassy in Minsk Bulgaria 5 June 1992 79 See Bulgaria Georgia relations Bulgaria recognized the independence of Georgia on 15 January 1992 Bulgaria has an embassy in Tbilisi 80 Georgia has an embassy in Sofia 81 Georgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about the relations with Bulgaria Croatia See Croatia Georgia relations Cyprus 9 July 1993 82 See Cyprus Georgia relations Cyprus is represented in Georgia through a non resident ambassador based in Athens Greece Georgia has an embassy in Nicosia Denmark 1 July 1992 83 See Denmark Georgia relations France 21 August 1992 84 See France Georgia relations France has an embassy in Tbilisi Georgia has an embassy in Paris Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe Germany 13 April 1992 85 See Georgia Germany relations Germany recognized the independence of Georgia on 22 March 1992 Georgia has an embassy in Berlin 86 Germany has an embassy in Tbilisi 87 Georgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Germany German Federal Foreign Office about relations with Georgia Greece 20 April 1992 See Georgia Greece relations Georgia has an embassy in Athens Greece has an embassy in Tbilisi Georgia Ministry of Foreign Affaires about the relation with Greece Greek Ministry of Foreign Affaires about the relation with Georgia Archived 24 September 2020 at the Wayback Machine Hungary 14 May 1992 88 See Georgia Hungary relations Georgia has an embassy in Budapest Hungary has an embassy and an honorary consulate in Tbilisi 89 Georgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about the relation with Hungary Iceland 21 September 1992 See Georgia Iceland relations Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 September 1992 Italy 11 May 1992 90 See Georgia Italy relations Georgia has an embassy in Rome Italy has an embassy in Tbilisi Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe Latvia 11 March 1993 91 See Georgia Latvia relations Georgia has an embassy in Riga 92 Latvia has an embassy and an honorary consulate in Tbilisi Georgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Latvia Latvian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Georgia Liechtenstein 10 June 1992 See Georgia Liechtenstein relations Lithuania 16 September 1994 93 See Georgia Lithuania relations Georgia has an embassy in Vilnius 94 Lithuania has an embassy in Tbilisi 95 Georgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Lithuania Lithuanian Ministry of Foreign affairs list of bilateral treaties with Poland in Lithuanian only Luxembourg 23 June 1992 See Georgia Luxembourg relations Malta 1 February 1993 96 See Georgia Malta relations Moldova 25 June 1992 97 See Georgia Moldova relations Georgia is represented in Moldova through its embassy in Bucharest Romania Moldova is represented in Georgia through its embassy in Baku Azerbaijan Georgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Moldova Monaco 2 March 2009 See Georgia Monaco relations Montenegro 29 October 2007 See Georgia Montenegro relations Netherlands 22 April 1992 98 99 See Georgia Netherlands relations Embassy of Georgia to the Kingdom of the Netherlands opened in The Hague in 2007 100 Netherlands has an embassy in Tbilisi since 2001 99 Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe Norway 5 June 1992 See Georgia Norway relations Poland 28 April 1992 101 See Georgia Poland relations Georgia has an embassy in Warsaw Poland has an embassy in Tbilisi Romania 25 June 1992 102 See Georgia Romania relations Georgia has an embassy in Bucharest and Romania has an embassy in Tbilisi Both countries are full members of the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation the Black Sea Forum for Partnership and Dialogue and the Community of Democratic Choice Georgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about the relations with Romania Russia note 1 1 July 1992 2 September 2008 103 See Georgia Russia relations On 29 August 2008 in the aftermath of the 2008 South Ossetia war Deputy Foreign Minister Grigol Vashadze announced that Georgia had broken diplomatic relations with Russia He also said that Russian diplomats must leave Georgia and that no Georgian diplomat would remain in Russia while only consular relations would be maintained Russian foreign ministry spokesman Andrei Nesterenko said that Russia regretted this step 104 Serbia 26 June 1995 105 See Georgia Serbia relations Georgia is represented in Serbia through its embassy in Athens Greece Serbia is represented in Georgia through its embassy in Moscow Russia Georgia recognizes Serbia on the issue of Kosovo Serbia recognizes Georgia s territorial integrity regarding South Ossetia and Abkhazia 106 Georgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Serbia Slovenia 13 January 1993 See Georgia Slovenia relations Spain 9 July 1992 See Georgia Spain relations Georgia has an embassy in Madrid Spain is accredited to Georgia from its embassy in Ankara Turkey Sweden 19 September 1992 107 See Georgia Sweden relations Georgia has an embassy in Stockholm Sweden has an embassy in Tbilisi After the war when Abkhazia and South Ossetia broke away from Georgia Georgia and Sweden both did not recognize the independence of both states There were protests near the Russian embassy in Stockholm as the war was going on 12 August 2008 The protests was held by a group of Georgians and Swedes Switzerland 10 June 1992 108 See Georgia Switzerland relations Switzerland maintained a consulate in Tbilisi between 1883 and 1922 Switzerland recognized Georgia as an independent state on 23 December 1991 In 1996 Switzerland opened a cooperation office in Tbilisi Since June 2001 Switzerland has an embassy in Tbilisi 109 In 1997 Georgia s Permanent Mission to the international organizations in Geneva was also accredited in Bern Georgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about the relations with Switzerland Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs about the relations with Georgia Ukraine 22 July 1992 110 See Georgia Ukraine relations Relations between Georgia and Ukraine and between the Georgian and Ukrainian people in particular last from the Middle Ages United Kingdom 27 April 1992 111 See Georgia United Kingdom relations The United Kingdom has an embassy in Tbilisi 112 Georgia has an embassy in London 113 British Foreign and Commonwealth Office about the relations with Georgia Georgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about the relations with the United Kingdom Vatican City 5 May 1992 See Georgia Holy See relations Georgia has an Embassy in Rome Vatican has an Apostolic Nunciature in Tbilisi Oceania Edit Country Formal Relations Began Notes Australia 16 July 1992 114 See Australia Georgia relations Australia is accredited to Georgia from its embassy in Ankara Turkey Georgia has an embassy in Canberra Fiji 29 March 2010 115 See Fiji Georgia relations Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 March 2010 116 117 Fiji is represented in Georgia by its embassy in Brussels Belgium 118 Georgia is represented in Fiji by its embassy in Canberra Australia 117 Kiribati 28 September 2012 119 See Georgia Kiribati relations Tuvalu 4 February 2011 120 16 February 2012 121 31 March 2014 122 On 16 February 2012 Georgia issued a presidential order ending diplomatic relations with Tuvalu This comes in response to a visit by the Prime Minister of Tuvalu Willy Telavi to Abkhazia and South Ossetia in September 2011 where he announced that the Pacific nation would recognise the two states 121 However the Prime Minister of Tuvalu Enele Sopoaga retracted the recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia on 31 March 2014 when Tuvalu s Foreign Minister Taukelina Finikaso signed an agreement to establish diplomatic relations with Georgia Tuvalu s Foreign Minister said that his country supports Georgia s territorial integrity in its international recognized borders 122 123 Overview EditGeorgia has established relations with 185 countries and the Order of Malta Georgia has terminated its diplomatic relations with Russia note 1 104 Nicaragua note 1 47 and Syria note 1 71 Georgia has not yet established diplomatic relations with Venezuela note 1 Nauru note 1 Bhutan Cook Islands Niue Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic note 1 and the rest of states with limited recognition See also EditMinistry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia List of diplomatic missions in Georgia List of diplomatic missions of Georgia Georgia European Union relations EU Neighbourhood Info Centre Country profile of GeorgiaFurther reading EditNATO and the South Caucasus Analyses Chronicles Opinion Polls in the Caucasus Analytical Digest No 5 Edilashvili Maia Foreign Direct Investment Declines in Georgia in the Caucasus Analytical Digest No 28Notes Edit a b c d e f g h Has recognized Abkhazia and South Ossetia independenceReferences Edit Tsygankov Andrei P 2013 The Russia NATO mistrust Ethnophobia and the double expansion to contain the Russian Bear Communist and Post Communist Studies 46 1 179 188 doi 10 1016 j postcomstud 2012 12 015 Utiashvili Tamta 4 June 2014 Why Is a Small State Like Georgia Important for the USA the EU and Russia e ir info Retrieved 21 October 2014 Kramer Andrew 29 August 2008 Georgia and Russia Cut Diplomatic Ties The New York Times Retrieved 21 October 2014 Bilateral relations between Georgia and the United Republic of Tanzania Retrieved 4 September 2022 Bilateral relations Retrieved 1 September 2022 Policy amp History Retrieved 1 September 2022 LIST OF COUNTRIES MAINTAINING DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH MONGOLIA PDF p 3 Archived PDF from the original on 21 December 2021 Retrieved 21 December 2021 Gaceta del Senado MIERCOLES 15 DE AGOSTO DE 2018 GACETA LXIII 3SPR 29 82954 in Spanish Retrieved 1 September 2022 Bilateral Relations between Georgia and the People s Republic of China Retrieved 1 September 2022 Liechtenstein Retrieved 1 September 2022 Relations between Georgia and Romania Retrieved 2 September 2022 Anniversary of VN Georgia diplomatic tie establishing congratulated 30 June 2007 Retrieved 1 September 2022 Spisok stran s kotorymi KR ustanovil diplomaticheskie otnosheniya in Russian Retrieved 10 October 2021 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint url status link Relations between Georgia and the Kingdom of Thailand Retrieved 1 September 2022 Strany ustanovivshie diplomaticheskie otnosheniya s Respublikoj Kazahstan in Russian Archived from the original on 20 February 2020 Retrieved 30 April 2022 Bilateral relations Between Georgia and the Republic of Zimbabwe Retrieved 2 September 2022 Bilateral relations between Georgia and the Kingdom of Morocco Retrieved 2 September 2022 PH Georgia Retrieved 1 September 2022 Diplomatic amp consular list Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Singapore Retrieved 11 July 2022 ურთიერთობები საქართველოსა და სუდანს შორის in Georgian Retrieved 2 September 2022 Diplomatic Relations between Georgia and Malaysia Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 16 November 2011 Retrieved 12 July 2011 Bilateral relations between Georgia and the Republic of Zambia Retrieved 2 September 2022 Wertz Daniel Oh JJ Kim Insung August 2016 Issue Brief DPRK Diplomatic Relations PDF The National Committee on North Korea p 8 Archived PDF from the original on 28 December 2016 Uruguay Georgia discuss signing free trade agreement 20 August 2021 Retrieved 3 May 2022 Relations between Georgia and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan Retrieved 1 September 2022 Relations between Georgia and Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Retrieved 1 September 2022 Tajikistan diplomacy The past and the present I PDF p 166 Archived from the original PDF on 5 March 2016 Retrieved 29 December 2015 LIST OF MEMBER STATES OF THE UNITED NATIONS 193 HAVING DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH CAMBODIA mfaic gov kh Retrieved 2 October 2021 Relations Between Georgia and Yemen Retrieved 1 September 2022 Bilateral relations between Georgia and the Republic of Cote d Ivoire Retrieved 2 September 2011 Bilateral relations between Georgia and the Republic of Tunisia Retrieved 2 September 2022 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av Diplomatic relations between Georgia and Retrieved 1 September 2022 Bilateral relations between Georgia and the Republic of Sierra Leone Retrieved 2 September 2012 Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka Retrieved 1 September 2022 Diplomatic Relations Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Laos Retrieved 30 June 2021 Bilateral Relations between Georgia and the Central African Republic Retrieved 2 September 2022 Bilateral Relations between Georgia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo Retrieved 2 September 2022 Bilateral Relations between Georgia and the Republic of the Congo Retrieved 2 September 2022 a b Georgia and the Republic of Palau have established diplomatic relations Archived from the original on 26 March 2018 Retrieved 25 March 2018 Information on establishment of diplomatic relations between Georgia and the Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe 12 September 2014 Retrieved 2 September 2022 Relations Between Georgia and the Arab Republic of Egypt Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 5 September 2011 Retrieved 12 July 2011 Georgian embassy in Cairo mfa gov ge Archived from the original on 1 May 2011 Retrieved 6 April 2018 Georgia and Mexico established diplomatic relations Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 4 June 2012 Retrieved 23 June 2012 Embassy of Georgia in Mexico City in English Georgian and Spanish mfa gov ge Retrieved 6 April 2018 Inicio embamex sre gob mx Retrieved 6 April 2018 a b Relations between Georgia and the Republic of Nicaragua Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 16 July 2011 Retrieved 12 July 2011 a b c Georgia Cuts Ties with Nicaragua over S Ossetia Abkhazia Recognition Civil ge 29 November 2008 Retrieved 12 July 2011 Relations Between Georgia and the United States of America Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 9 September 2011 Retrieved 12 July 2011 United States Georgia Charter on Strategic Partnership Civil Georgia 9 January 2009 Relations between Georgia and Republic of Armenia Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 4 September 2011 Retrieved 11 July 2011 a b 2002 Georgia census Archived 31 August 2006 at the Wayback Machine Relations between Georgia and the Republic of Azerbaijan Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 4 September 2011 Retrieved 11 July 2011 Relations between Georgia and the People s Republic of China Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 5 September 2011 Retrieved 12 July 2011 Chinese embassy in Tbilissi საქართველოს საგარეო საქმეთა სამინისტრო ინდონეზიის რესპუბლიკა mfa gov ge Archived from the original on 4 May 2018 Retrieved 6 April 2018 Relations between Georgia and the Republic of India Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 8 June 2013 Retrieved 12 July 2011 Welcome to Embassy of India Yerevan Armenia Retrieved 20 February 2015 Relations between Georgia and the Islamic Republic of Iran Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 16 November 2011 Retrieved 12 July 2011 Relations between Georgia and the State of Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 5 September 2011 Retrieved 12 July 2011 Relations between Georgia and Japan Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 16 November 2011 Retrieved 12 July 2011 Relations between Georgia and the Republic of Kazakhstan Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 4 September 2011 Retrieved 12 July 2011 საქართველოს საგარეო საქმეთა სამინისტრო ყაზახეთის რესპუბლიკა mfa gov ge Retrieved 6 April 2018 a b Საქართველოს საგარეო საქმეთა სამინისტრო Home Archived from the original on 24 August 2017 Diplomatic Relations between Georgia and Malaysia Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 16 November 2011 Retrieved 12 July 2011 Relations between Georgia and the Republic of Korea Ministry of Foreign Affairs Republic of Korea a b Ministry of Foreign Affairs Republic of Korea Archived from the original on 24 December 2013 Embassy of Georgia to the Republic of Korea Archived from the original on 3 July 2015 Საქართველოს საელჩო კორეის რესპუბლიკაში 주 조지아 대한민국 대사관 트빌리시 분관 Bilateral Relations between Georgia and the Syrian Arab Republic Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Retrieved 16 April 2019 a b Information about the break off of the diplomatic relations between Georgia and Syrian Arab Republic Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Retrieved 16 April 2019 國家 地方政府基本資料 喬治亞 Georgia Taiwanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs 10 July 2017 Retrieved 3 December 2020 საქართველოს საგარეო საქმეთა სამინისტრო უზბეკეთის რესპუბლიკა mfa gov ge Retrieved 6 April 2018 Turkey s Political Relations With Georgia Ministry of Foreign Affairs Turkey Retrieved 11 July 2011 Embassy of Georgia in Turkey mfa gov ge Retrieved 6 April 2018 Embassy of Turkey in Georgia Retrieved 20 February 2015 Relations between Georgia and the Republic of Albania Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 6 September 2011 Retrieved 11 July 2011 Relations between Georgia and the Republic of Austria Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 16 November 2011 Retrieved 11 July 2011 Relations between Georgia and Bulgaria Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 10 September 2011 Retrieved 11 July 2011 Ministerstvo na vnshnite raboti Ministerstvo na vnshnite raboti Retrieved 6 April 2018 Diaspora Embassy of Georgia to the United States of America Archived from the original on 21 July 2011 Retrieved 20 February 2015 Relations between Georgia and Cyprus Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 16 November 2011 Retrieved 11 July 2011 Bilateral Relations between Georgia and the Kingdom of Denmark Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 5 September 2011 Retrieved 11 July 2011 Relations between Georgia and the Republic of France Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 16 November 2011 Retrieved 11 July 2011 Relations between Georgia and the Federal Republic of Germany Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 28 July 2014 Retrieved 11 July 2011 Georgian embassy in Berlin in Georgian and German only mfa gov ge Archived from the original on 9 July 2007 Retrieved 6 April 2018 Deutsche Botschaft Tiflis Startseite Archived from the original on 10 March 2018 Retrieved 20 February 2015 Relations between Georgia and the Republic of Hungary Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 16 November 2011 Retrieved 11 July 2011 Hungarian embassy in Tbilisi gov hu Retrieved 6 April 2018 Relations between Georgia and the Republic of Italy Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 16 November 2011 Retrieved 11 July 2011 Relations between Georgia and the Republic of Latvia Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 6 September 2011 Retrieved 11 July 2011 Georgian embassy in Riga mfa gov ge Retrieved 6 April 2018 Relations between Georgia and the Republic of Lithuania Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 16 November 2011 Retrieved 11 July 2011 Georgian embassy in Vilnius mfa gov ge Retrieved 6 April 2018 LR Ambasada Gruzijoje Retrieved 20 February 2015 Relations between Georgia and Malta Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 16 November 2011 Retrieved 11 July 2011 Relations between Georgia and the Republic of Moldova Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 16 November 2011 Retrieved 11 July 2011 Bilateral Relations Between Georgia and the Kingdom of the Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 16 November 2011 Retrieved 11 July 2011 a b Bilateral Relations Between Georgia and the Kingdom of the Netherlands Embassy of Georgia to the Kingdom of the Netherlands 7 March 2020 Retrieved 7 March 2020 Ambassador s Welcome Speech Embassy of Georgia to the Kingdom of the Netherlands 7 March 2020 Retrieved 7 March 2020 Relations between Georgia and the Republic of Poland Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 5 September 2011 Retrieved 11 July 2011 Relations between Georgia and Romania Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 16 November 2011 Retrieved 11 July 2011 Relations between Georgia and Russia Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 16 July 2011 Retrieved 11 July 2011 a b Georgia breaks relations with Russia Archived 7 November 2008 at the Wayback Machine Relations Between Georgia and the Republic of Serbia Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 16 November 2011 Retrieved 11 July 2011 Tanjug Serbia Supports Territorial Integrity of Georgia B92 Net 3 June 2015 Relations between Georgia and the Kingdom of Sweden Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 16 November 2011 Retrieved 11 July 2011 Relations between Georgia and Swiss Confederation Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 16 November 2011 Retrieved 11 July 2011 Embassy of Switzerland in Georgia www eda admin ch Retrieved 6 April 2018 Relations between Georgia and Ukraine Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 16 November 2011 Retrieved 11 July 2011 Relations between Georgia and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 8 November 2011 Retrieved 11 July 2011 British embassy in Tbilisi britishembassy gov uk Archived from the original on 27 May 2008 Retrieved 6 April 2018 Embassy of Georgia to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Retrieved 31 December 2016 Relations Between Georgia and the Commonwealth of Australia Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia Retrieved 10 November 2020 Diplomatic relations between Georgia and the Commonwealth of Australia were established on July 16 1992 Georgia and Fiji established diplomatic relations Ministry of Foreign Affairs Georgia Archived from the original on 16 July 2011 Retrieved 12 July 2011 Bilateral Relations Embassy of Georgia to the Commonwealth of Australia Archived from the original on 2 February 2017 Retrieved 26 January 2017 a b Fiji Government Online Portal GEORGIA FIJI RELATIONS POSITIVE www fiji gov fj Retrieved 6 April 2018 საქართველოს საგარეო საქმეთა სამინისტრო ფიჯის კუნძულების რესპუბლიკა www mfa gov ge Retrieved 6 April 2018 Bilateral Relations Between Georgia and the Kiribati Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia Retrieved 10 November 2020 Diplomatic relations between Georgia and the Kiribati were established on 28 September 2012 Georgia and Tuvalu established diplomatic relations Georgian Daily 4 February 2011 Retrieved 12 July 2011 a b Civil ge 17 February 2012 Georgia Cuts Diplomatic Ties with Tuvalu Civil Georgia Retrieved 17 February 2012 a b Tuvalu Retracts Abkhazia S Ossetia Recognition civil ge 31 March 2014 Archived from the original on 31 March 2014 Retrieved 31 March 2014 Tuvalu scraps recognition of Georgia breakaway regions Business Standard India Business Standard AFP Tbilisi 31 March 2014 Retrieved 1 April 2014 External links EditMFA of Georgia Bilateral relations Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia The Permanent Mission of Georgia to the United Nations United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia Georgia v Russia Provisional Measures Order and President Rosalyn Higgins concurring and Joint Dissenting Opinion and ASIL Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Foreign relations of Georgia amp oldid 1135731546, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
