The official romanization system for Taiwanese Hokkien in Taiwan is locally referred to as Tâi-uân Lô-má-jī Phing-im Hong-àn (lit.'Taiwan romanized script pingyin scheme') or Taiwan Minnanyu Luomazi Pinyin Fang'an (lit.'Taiwan Southern Min pingyin scheme')[I],[1] often shortened to Tâi-lô. It is derived from Pe̍h-ōe-jī and since 2006 has been one of the phonetic notation systems officially promoted by Taiwan's Ministry of Education.[2] The system is used in the MoE's Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan. It is nearly identical to Pe̍h-ōe-jī, apart from: using ts tsh instead of ch chh, using u instead of o in vowel combinations such as oa and oe, using i instead of e in eng and ek, using oo instead of o͘, and using nn instead of ⁿ.
The Taiwanese Romanization System uses 16 basic Latin letters (A, B, E, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, S, T, U), 7 digraphs (Kh, Ng, nn, Oo, Ph, Th, Ts) and a trigraph (Tsh). In addition, it uses 6 diacritics to represent tones.
"nn" is only used after a vowel to express nasalization, so it only appears capitalized in all-caps texts.
Palatalization occurs when "j, s, ts, tsh" are followed by "i", so "ji, si, tsi, tshi" are sometimes governed as trigraphs and tetragraphs.
Of the 10 unused basic Latin letters, "R" is sometimes used to express dialectal vowels (somewhat similar to erhua), while the others (C, D, F, Q, V, W, X, Y, Z) are only used in loanwords.
Sample texts
Tâi-lô
Pe̍h-uē-jī (PUJ) sī tsı̍t khuán iōng Latin (Lô-má) phìng-im hē-thóng lâi siá Tâi-uân ê gí-giân ê su-bīn bûn-jī. In-uī tong-tshoo sī thuân-kàu-sū ín--jı̍p-lâi ê, sóo-í ia̍h-ū-lâng kā PUJ kiò-tsò Kàu-huē Lô-má-jī, hı̍k-tsiá sī kán-tshing Kàu-lô. Put-jî-kò hiān-tāi ê sú-iōng-tsiá bē-tsió m̄-sī kàu-tôo, kàu-tôo mā tsin tsē bē-hiáu PUJ.
Pe̍h-ōe-jī
Pe̍h-ōe-jī (POJ) sī chı̍t khoán iōng Latin (Lô-má) phèng-im hē-thóng lâi siá Tâi-ôan ê gí-giân ê su-bīn bûn-jī. In-ūi tong-chho͘ sī thôan-kàu-sū ín--jı̍p-lâi ê, só͘-í ia̍h-ū-lâng kā POJ kiò-chò Kàu-hōe Lô-má-jī, he̍k-chiá sī kán-chheng Kàu-lô. Put-jî-kò hiān-tāi ê sú-iōng-chiá bē-chió m̄-sī kàu-tô͘, kàu-tô͘ mā chin chē bē-hiáu POJ.
A hyphen links elements of a compound word. A double hyphen indicates that the following syllable has a neutral tone and therefore that the preceding syllable does not undergo tone sandhi.
The following are tone characters and their respective Unicode codepoints used in Tâi-lô. The tones used by Tâi-lô should use Combining Diacritical Marks instead of Spacing Modifier Letters used by bopomofo.[4][5] As Tâi-lô is not encoded in Big5, the prevalent encoding used in Traditional Chinese, some Taiwanese Romanization System letters are not directly encoded in Unicode, instead should be typed using combining diacritical marks officially.[6]
1.^Yellow cells indicate that there are no single Unicode character for that letter; the character shown here uses Combining Diacritical Mark characters to display the letter.[5]
Characters not directly encoded in Unicode requires premade glyphs in fonts in order for applications to correctly display the characters.[5]
^"Táiwān mǐnnányǔ luómǎzì pīnyīn fāng'àn" 臺灣閩南語羅馬字拼音方案 [Taiwan Southern Min Romanization System] (PDF) (in Chinese). 2006. Retrieved 20 November 2019 – via language.moe.edu.tw.
^Jiaoyu bu (2008) [first edition 2007]. Táiwān mǐnnányǔ luómǎzì pīnyīn fāng'àn shǐyòng shǒucè 臺灣閩南語羅馬字拼音方案使用手冊 [Practical Manual for the Taiwan Southern Min Romanization System] (PDF) (in Chinese) (2nd ed.). ISBN978-986-01-6637-8.
^Jiaoyu bu (2007). [Practical Manual for the Taiwan Southern Min Romanization System] (PDF) (in Chinese). ISBN978-986-00-7755-1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-11-18. Retrieved 2014-06-23.
^aiongg (2020-11-22). "aiongg/POJFonts". GitHub - POJ Fonts. from the original on 2021-04-12. Retrieved 2020-12-02.
^ abcdTseng Gorong (2019-01-11). "談金萱的台羅變音符號設計". justfont blog (in Chinese (Taiwan)). from the original on 2021-04-12. Retrieved 2020-12-02.
^"FAQ - Characters and Combining Marks". unicode.org. from the original on 2021-04-12. Retrieved 2020-12-02.
^Iûⁿ (2009), p. 24 harvp error: no target: CITEREFIûⁿ2009 (help)
^"Fonts version 3.006 (OTF, TTF, WOFF, WOFF2, Variable)". GitHub. Adobe Systems Incorporated. 2010-09-06. from the original on 2020-12-24. Retrieved 2010-09-06.
^Iûⁿ (2009), p. 20. sfnp error: no target: CITEREFIûⁿ2009 (help)
External links
臺灣閩南語羅馬拼音及其發音學習網 (in Chinese), Taiwanese Romanization System (Tai-lo) learning site by the Ministry of Education of Taiwan
January 26, 2023
tâi, uân, phing, hong, official, romanization, system, taiwanese, hokkien, taiwan, locally, referred, taiwan, romanized, script, pingyin, scheme, taiwan, minnanyu, luomazi, pinyin, fang, taiwan, southern, pingyin, scheme, often, shortened, tâi, derived, from, . The official romanization system for Taiwanese Hokkien in Taiwan is locally referred to as Tai uan Lo ma ji Phing im Hong an lit Taiwan romanized script pingyin scheme or Taiwan Minnanyu Luomazi Pinyin Fang an lit Taiwan Southern Min pingyin scheme I 1 often shortened to Tai lo It is derived from Pe h ōe ji and since 2006 has been one of the phonetic notation systems officially promoted by Taiwan s Ministry of Education 2 The system is used in the MoE s Dictionary of Frequently Used Taiwan Minnan It is nearly identical to Pe h ōe ji apart from using ts tsh instead of ch chh using u instead of o in vowel combinations such as oa and oe using i instead of e in eng and ek using oo instead of o and using nn instead of ⁿ Tai uan Lo ma ji Phing im Hong anTraditional Chinese臺灣閩南語羅馬字拼音方案Simplified Chinese台湾闽南语罗马字拼音方案Literal meaningTaiwan Southern Min pingyin schemeTranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinTaiwan Mǐnnanyǔ Luomǎzi Pinyin Fang anBopomofoㄊㄞˊ ㄨㄢ ㄇㄧㄣˇ ㄋㄢˊ ㄩˇ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄇㄚˇ ㄗˋ ㄆㄧㄣ ㄧㄣ ㄈㄤ ㄢˋGwoyeu RomatzyhTair uan Miinnanyeu Luomaatzyh Pin in Fang annWade GilesT ai wan Min nan yu Lo ma tzu P in in Fang an Tongyong PinyinTaiwan Mǐnnan yǔ Luomǎzih Pinyin Fang anMPS2Taiwan Mǐnnanyǔ Luomǎzi Pinyin Fang anHakkaRomanizationThoi van Men nam ngi Lo ma sṳ Piang yim Fong onYue CantoneseYale RomanizationToihwaan Mahnnaahmyuh Lohmahjih Pingyam Fōng onJyutpingToi4waan1 Man5naam4jyu6 Lo4maa5zi6 Ping3jam1 Fong1on3Southern MinHokkien POJTai oan Ban lam gi Lo ma ji Pheng im Hong anTai loTai uan Ban lam gi Lo ma ji Phing im Hong anTai uan Lo ma ji Phing im Hong anTraditional Chinese臺灣羅馬字拼音方案Simplified Chinese台湾罗马字拼音方案Literal meaningTaiwan romanized script pingyin schemeTranscriptionsSouthern MinHokkien POJTai oan Lo ma ji Pheng im Hong anTai loTai uan Lo ma ji Phing im Hong anTai loTraditional Chinese臺羅拼音Simplified Chinese台罗拼音TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinTailuo PinyinBopomofoㄊㄞˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄆㄧㄣ ㄧㄣGwoyeu RomatzyhTairluo Pin inWade GilesT ai lo P in in Tongyong PinyinTailuo PinyinMPS2Tailuo PinyinHakkaRomanizationThoi lo Piang yimSouthern MinHokkien POJTai lo Pheng imTai loTai lo Phing im Taiwanese Romanization System Contents 1 Alphabet 1 1 Sample texts 2 Values 2 1 Consonants 2 2 Vowels amp Rhymes 2 3 Tones 3 Computing 3 1 Unicode codepoints 3 2 Font support 4 Notes 4 1 Words in native languages 5 References 6 External linksAlphabet EditThe Taiwanese Romanization System uses 16 basic Latin letters A B E G H I J K L M N O P S T U 7 digraphs Kh Ng nn Oo Ph Th Ts and a trigraph Tsh In addition it uses 6 diacritics to represent tones Capital letter A B E G H I J K Kh L M N Ng NN O Oo P Ph S T Th Ts Tsh ULower case a b e g h i j k kh l m n ng nn o oo p ph s t th ts tsh uIPA a b e ɡ h ʔ i d z k kʰ l m n ŋ o ɔ p pʰ s t tʰ t s t sʰ u Letter name variant 1 a bi e gi hi i ji ki khi li mi ni ngi inn o oo pi phi si ti thi tsi tshi uLetter name variant 2 a be e ge ha i je ka kha e luh e muh e nuh nge enn o oo pe phe e suh te the tse tshe u nn is only used after a vowel to express nasalization so it only appears capitalized in all caps texts Palatalization occurs when j s ts tsh are followed by i so ji si tsi tshi are sometimes governed as trigraphs and tetragraphs Of the 10 unused basic Latin letters R is sometimes used to express dialectal vowels somewhat similar to erhua while the others C D F Q V W X Y Z are only used in loanwords Sample texts Edit Tai lo Pe h ue ji PUJ si tsi t khuan iōng Latin Lo ma phing im he thong lai sia Tai uan e gi gian e su bin bun ji In ui tong tshoo si thuan kau su in ji p lai e soo i ia h u lang ka PUJ kio tso Kau hue Lo ma ji hi k tsia si kan tshing Kau lo Put ji ko hian tai e su iōng tsia be tsio m si kau too kau too ma tsin tse be hiau PUJ Pe h ōe ji Pe h ōe ji POJ si chi t khoan iōng Latin Lo ma pheng im he thong lai sia Tai oan e gi gian e su bin bun ji In ui tong chho si thoan kau su in ji p lai e so i ia h u lang ka POJ kio cho Kau hōe Lo ma ji he k chia si kan chheng Kau lo Put ji ko hian tai e su iōng chia be chio m si kau to kau to ma chin che be hiau POJ Han ji 白話字 POJ 是一款用拉丁 羅馬 拼音系統來寫臺灣的語言的書面文字 因為當初是傳教士引入來的 所以也有人共POJ叫做教會羅馬字 或者是簡稱教羅 不而過現代的使用者袂少毋是教徒 教徒嘛真濟袂曉POJ IPA peʔued ʑi pi o d ʑe ɕi t ɕiʔkʰuan ioŋ latin loma pʰiŋim hetʰoŋ lai ɕa taiuan e gigiɛn e subin bund ʑi inui toŋt sɔ ɕi tʰuankausu ind ʑiʔlai e sɔi iaʔulaŋ ka pi o d ʑi kiot so kauhue lomad ʑi hiʔt ɕia ɕi kant ɕʰiŋ kaulo puʔd ʑiko hiɛntai e suioŋt ɕia bet ɕio m ɕi kautɔ kautɔ ma t ɕin t se behiau pi o d ʑi Values EditConsonants Edit Initials Bilabial Alveolar Alveolo palatal Velar GlottalVoiceless Voiced Voiceless Voiced Voiceless Voiced Voiceless Voiced VoicelessNasal m m ㄇ 毛 moo n n ㄋ 耐 nai ng ŋ ㄫ 雅 nga Plosive Unaspirated p p ㄅ 邊 pian b b ㆠ 文 bun t t ㄉ 地 te k k ㄍ 求 kiu g g ㆣ 語 gi Aspirated ph pʰ ㄆ 波 pho th tʰ ㄊ 他 thann kh kʰ ㄎ 去 khi Affricate Unaspirated ts ts ㄗ 曾 tsan j dz ㆡ 熱 jua h tsi tɕ ㄐ 尖 tsiam ji dʑ ㆢ 入 ji p Aspirated tsh tsʰ ㄘ 出 tshut tshi tɕʰ ㄑ 手 tshiu Fricative s s ㄙ 衫 sann si ɕ ㄒ 寫 sia h h ㄏ 喜 hi Lateral l l ɾ ㄌ 柳 liu Finals Bilabial Alveolar Velar GlottalNasal consonant m m ㆬ n n ㄣ ng ŋ ㆭStop consonant p p ㆴ t t ㆵ k k ㆶ h ʔ ㆷ Syllabic consonant Bilabial VelarNasal m m ㆬ 姆 ḿ ng ŋ ㆭ 酸 sng Vowels amp Rhymes Edit Simple amp Nasal Front Central BackSimple Nasal Simple Nasal Simple NasalClose i i ㄧ 衣 i inn ĩ ㆪ 圓 inn u u ㄨ 污 u unn ũ ㆫ 張 tiunn Mid e e ㆤ 禮 le enn ẽ ㆥ 生 senn o e ㄜ 高 ko oo ɔ ㆦ 烏 oo onn ɔ ㆧ 翁 onn Open a a ㄚ 查 tsa ann a ㆩ 衫 sann Dialect Tai lo IPA Bopomofoir ɨ ㆨer e ㄜee ɛ ㄝere ee ㄜㆤ a o pronounced e ㄜ in general dialect in Kaohsiung and Tainan o ㄛ in Taipei nn forms the nasal vowels There is also syllabic m and ng Vowel s Open syllabus Nasal Plosive m n ŋ p t k ʔ a a ann am an ang ap at ak ah annh ai ai ainn aih ainnh au au auh e e enn eh ennh i i inn im in ing ip it ik ih innh ia ia iann iam ian iang iap iat iak iah iannh iau iau iaunn iauh ie io ioh iɔ iong iok iu iu iunn iuh iunnh Vowel s Open syllabus Nasal Plosive m n ŋ p t k ʔ e o oh ɔ oo onn om ong op ok ooh onnh u u un ut uh ua ua uann uan uat uah uai uai uainn ue ue ueh ui ui m m mh ŋ ng nghing pronounced ɪeŋ ik pronounced ɪek Tones Edit Tone No 1 2 6 3 4 5 7 8Name 陰平 上聲 陰去 陰入 陽平 陽去 陽入im ping siōng siann im khi im ji p iong ping iong khi iong ji pSymbol None Acute Grave None p t k h Circumflex macron Vertical line above p t k h Pitch ʔ ʔ55 51 31 3ʔ 24 33 5ʔExample tong 東 tong 黨 tong 棟 tok 督 tong 同 tōng 洞 to k 毒 A hyphen links elements of a compound word A double hyphen indicates that the following syllable has a neutral tone and therefore that the preceding syllable does not undergo tone sandhi Licit syllables 3 O b g h j k kh l m n ng p ph s t th ts tsha a ba ga ha ka kha la ma na nga pa pha sa ta tha tsa tsha aah ah bah hah kah khah lah nah pah phah sah tah thah tsah tshah ahai ai bai gai hai kai khai lai mai nai ngai pai phai sai tai thai tsai tshai aiainn ainn hainn kainn khainn phainn tainn tsainn ainnak ak bak gak hak kak khak lak pak phak sak tak thak tsak tshak akam am gam ham kam kham lam sam tam tham tsam tsham aman an ban gan han kan khan lan pan phan san tan than tsan tshan anang ang bang gang hang kang khang lang pang phang sang tang thang tsang tshang angann ann hann kann khann phann sann tann thann tsann tshann annannh hannh sannh annhap ap hap kap khap lap sap tap thap tsap tshap apat at bat hat kat khat lat pat sat tat that tsat tshat atau au bau gau hau kau khau lau mau nau ngau pau phau sau tau thau tsau tshau auauh kauh lauh mauh nauh phauh tauh tshauh auhe e be ge he ke khe le me ne nge pe phe se te the tse tshe eeh eh beh heh keh kheh leh meh neh ngeh peh seh teh theh tseh tsheh ehenn enn henn kenn khenn penn phenn senn tenn thenn tsenn tshenn ennennh hennh khennh ennhi i bi gi hi ji ki khi li mi ni pi phi si ti thi tsi tshi iia ia gia hia jia kia khia mia nia ngia sia tia tsia tshia iaiah iah giah hiah kiah khiah liah piah phiah siah tiah thiah tsiah tshiah iahiak khiak piak phiak siak tiak tshiak iakiam iam giam hiam jiam kiam khiam liam siam tiam thiam tsiam tshiam iamian ian bian gian hian jian kian khian lian pian phian sian tian thian tsian tshian ianiang iang giang hiang jiang khiang liang piang phiang siang tsiang tshiang iangiann iann hiann kiann piann siann tiann thiann tsiann tshiann ianniannh hiannh iannhiap iap giap hiap jiap kiap khiap liap siap tiap thiap tsiap tshiap iapiat iat biat giat hiat jiat kiat khiat liat piat phiat siat tiat thiat tsiat tshiat iatiau iau biau giau hiau jiau kiau khiau liau miau niau ngiau piau phiau siau tiau thiau tsiau tshiau iauiauh hiauh khiauh ngiauh iauhiaunn iaunn iaunnih bih khih mih nih pih phih sih tih thih tsih tshih ihik ik bik gik hik kik lik pik phik sik tik thik tsik tshik ikim im gim him jim kim khim lim sim tim thim tsim tshim imin in bin gin hin jin kin khin lin pin phin sin tin thin tsin tshin ining ing bing ging hing king khing ling ping phing sing ting thing tsing tshing inginn inn hinn kinn khinn sinn tinn thinn tsinn tshinn innio io bio gio hio jio kio khio lio pio phio sio tio thio tsio tshio ioioh ioh gioh hioh kioh khioh lioh sioh tioh tsioh tshioh iohiok iok giok hiok jiok kiok khiok liok siok tiok thiok tsiok tshiok iokiong iong giong hiong jiong kiong khiong liong siong tiong thiong tsiong tshiong iongip ip hip jip kip khip lip sip tsip tship ipit it bit hit jit kit khit pit phit sit tit tsit tshit itiu iu biu giu hiu jiu kiu khiu liu niu piu siu tiu thiu tsiu tshiu iuiunn iunn hiunn kiunn khiunn siunn tiunn tsiunn tshiunn iunniunnh iunnh hiunnh iunnhm m hm mmh hmh mhng ng hng kng khng mng nng png sng tng thng tsng tshng ngngh hngh phngh sngh tshngh ngho o bo go ho ko kho lo po pho so to tho tso tsho ooh oh hoh koh loh poh phoh soh toh thoh tsoh tshoh ohok ok bok gok hok kok khok lok pok phok sok tok thok tsok tshok okom om som tom omong ong bong gong hong kong khong long pong phong song tong thong tsong tshong ongonn onn honn konn onnonnh onnh honnh onnhoo oo boo goo hoo koo khoo loo moo noo ngoo poo phoo soo too thoo tsoo tshoo ooooh mooh oohu u bu gu hu ju ku khu lu pu phu su tu thu tsu tshu uua ua bua gua hua kua khua lua mua nua pua phua sua tua thua tsua tshua uauah uah buah huah juah kuah khuah luah puah phuah suah thuah tsuah tshuah uahuai uai huai kuai khuai suai uaiuainn uainn huainn kuainn suainn tsuainn uainnuan uan buan guan huan kuan khuan luan puan phuan suan tuan thuan tsuan tshuan uanuang uang tshuang uanguann uann huann kuann khuann puann phuann suann tuann thuann tshuann uannuat uat buat guat huat kuat khuat luat puat phuat suat tuat thuat tsuat uatue ue bue gue hue jue kue khue lue pue phue sue tue tsue tshue ueueh ueh bueh gueh hueh kueh khueh pueh phueh sueh uehuh uh khuh puh phuh tuh thuh tsuh tshuh uhui ui bui gui hui kui khui lui mui pui phui sui tui thui tsui tshui uiun un bun gun hun jun kun khun lun pun phun sun tun thun tsun tshun unut ut but hut kut khut lut put phut sut tut thut tsut tshut utO b g h j k kh l m n ng p ph s t th ts tshComputing EditUnicode codepoints Edit The following are tone characters and their respective Unicode codepoints used in Tai lo The tones used by Tai lo should use Combining Diacritical Marks instead of Spacing Modifier Letters used by bopomofo 4 5 As Tai lo is not encoded in Big5 the prevalent encoding used in Traditional Chinese some Taiwanese Romanization System letters are not directly encoded in Unicode instead should be typed using combining diacritical marks officially 6 Tai lo tone characters 1 Base letter Tone 1 Tone 2 Tone 3 Tone 4 Tone 5 Tone 6 Tone 7 Tone 8 Tone 9Combining mark U 0301 U 0300 h U 0302 U 030C U 0304 h U 030D U 030B Uppercase A A U 00C1 A U 00C0 AH A U 00C2 Ǎ U 01CD A U 0100 A H U 0041 U 030D A U 0041 U 030B E E U 00C9 E U 00C8 EH E U 00CA E U 011A E U 0112 E H U 0045 U 030D E U 0045 U 030B I I U 00CD I U 00CC IH I U 00CE Ǐ U 01CF i U 012A I H U 0049 U 030D I U 0049 U 030B O o U 00D3 O U 00D2 OH O U 00D4 Ǒ U 01D1 Ō U 014C O H U 004F U 030D O U 0150 U U U 00DA U U 00D9 UH U U 00DB Ǔ U 01D3 u U 016A U H U 0055 U 030D U U 0170 M Ḿ U 1E3E M U 004D U 0300 MH M U 004D U 0302 M U 004D U 030C M U 004D U 0304 M H U 004D U 030D M U 004D U 030B N N U 0143 Ǹ U 01F8 NH N U 004E U 0302 N U 0147 N U 004E U 0304 N H U 004E U 030D N U 004E U 030B Lowercase a a U 00E1 a U 00E0 ah a U 00E2 ǎ U 01CE a U 0101 a h U 0061 U 030D a U 0061 U 030B e e U 00E9 e U 00E8 eh e U 00EA e U 011B e U 0113 e h U 0065 U 030D e U 0065 U 030B i i U 00ED i U 00EC ih i U 00EE ǐ U 01D0 i U 012B i h U 0069 U 030D i U 0069 U 030B o o U 00F3 o U 00F2 oh o U 00F4 ǒ U 01D2 ō U 014D o h U 006F U 030D o U 0151 u u U 00FA u U 00F9 uh u U 00FB ǔ U 01D4 u U 016B u h U 0075 U 030D u U 0171 m ḿ U 1E3F m U 006D U 0300 mh m U 006D U 0302 m U 006D U 030C m U 006D U 0304 m h U 006D U 030D m U 006D U 030B n n U 0144 ǹ U 01F9 nh n U 006E U 0302 n U 0148 n U 006E U 0304 n h U 006E U 030D n U 006E U 030B Notes 1 Yellow cells indicate that there are no single Unicode character for that letter the character shown here uses Combining Diacritical Mark characters to display the letter 5 Characters not directly encoded in Unicode requires premade glyphs in fonts in order for applications to correctly display the characters 5 Font support Edit Fonts that currently support POJ includes Charis SIL DejaVu Doulos SIL Linux Libertine Taigi Unicode Source Sans Pro 7 8 9 I Ming 8 00 onwards from Ichiten Font Project Fonts made by justfont foundry 5 Fonts modified and release in GitHub repository POJFonts POJ Phiaute Gochi Hand POJ Nunito POJ POJ Vibes and POJ Garamond Fonts modified and released by But Ko based on Source Han Sans Genyog Genseki Gensen based on Source Han Serif Genyo Genwan Genryu Notes Edit In version of Ngoo Siu le zh ɘ e ere is spelled as oe while the Phonetic Symbol ㄜ is replaced with Words in native languages Edit Traditional Chinese script 臺灣閩南語羅馬字拼音方案Mandarin Pinyin Taiwan Mǐnnanyǔ Luomǎzi Pinyin Fang anHokkien Tai uan Ban lam gi Lo ma ji Phing im Hong anReferences Edit Taiwan mǐnnanyǔ luomǎzi pinyin fang an 臺灣閩南語羅馬字拼音方案 Taiwan Southern Min Romanization System PDF in Chinese 2006 Retrieved 20 November 2019 via language moe edu tw Jiaoyu bu 2008 first edition 2007 Taiwan mǐnnanyǔ luomǎzi pinyin fang an shǐyong shǒuce 臺灣閩南語羅馬字拼音方案使用手冊 Practical Manual for the Taiwan Southern Min Romanization System PDF in Chinese 2nd ed ISBN 978 986 01 6637 8 Jiaoyu bu 2007 Taiwan mǐnnanyǔ luomǎzi pinyin fang an shǐyong shǒuce 臺灣閩南語羅馬字拼音方案使用手冊 Practical Manual for the Taiwan Southern Min Romanization System PDF in Chinese ISBN 978 986 00 7755 1 Archived from the original PDF on 2017 11 18 Retrieved 2014 06 23 aiongg 2020 11 22 aiongg POJFonts GitHub POJ Fonts Archived from the original on 2021 04 12 Retrieved 2020 12 02 a b c d Tseng Gorong 2019 01 11 談金萱的台羅變音符號設計 justfont blog in Chinese Taiwan Archived from the original on 2021 04 12 Retrieved 2020 12 02 FAQ Characters and Combining Marks unicode org Archived from the original on 2021 04 12 Retrieved 2020 12 02 Iuⁿ 2009 p 24harvp error no target CITEREFIuⁿ2009 help Fonts version 3 006 OTF TTF WOFF WOFF2 Variable GitHub Adobe Systems Incorporated 2010 09 06 Archived from the original on 2020 12 24 Retrieved 2010 09 06 Iuⁿ 2009 p 20 sfnp error no target CITEREFIuⁿ2009 help External links Edit臺灣閩南語羅馬拼音及其發音學習網 in Chinese Taiwanese Romanization System Tai lo learning site by the Ministry of Education of Taiwan Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Tai uan Lo ma ji Phing im Hong an amp oldid 1128715346, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
