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Wikipedia

Orders of magnitude (length)

February 22, 2023

The following are examples of orders of magnitude for different lengths.

Graphical overview of sizes

Overview

Scale Range (m) Unit Example items
≥ <
Subatomic – 0 – Gravitational singularity
10−36 10−33 ℓP Fixed value (not a range). Quantum foam, string
10−18 10−15 am proton, neutron, pion
Atomic to cellular 10−15 10−12 fm Atomic nucleus
10−12 10−9 pm Wavelength of gamma rays and X-rays, hydrogen atom
10−9 10−6 nm DNA helix, virus, wavelength of optical spectrum, transistors used in CPUs
Cellular to human 10−6 10−3 μm Bacterium, fog water droplet, human hair's diameter[note 1]
10−3 1 mm Mosquito, golf ball, domestic cat, violin, football
Human to astronomical 1 103 m Piano, human, automobile, sperm whale, football field, Eiffel Tower
103 106 km Mount Everest, length of Panama Canal and Trans-Siberian Railway, larger asteroid
Astronomical 106 109 Mm The Moon, Earth, one light-second
109 1012 Gm Sun, one light-minute, Earth's orbit
1012 1015 Tm Orbits of outer planets, Solar System
1015 1018 Pm A light-year, the distance to Proxima Centauri
1018 1021 Em Galactic arm
1021 1024 Zm Milky Way, distance to Andromeda Galaxy
1024 1027 Ym Huge-LQG, Hercules–Corona Borealis Great Wall, Observable universe

Detailed list

To help compare different orders of magnitude, the following list describes various lengths between   metres and  metres.

Subatomic scale

Factor (m) Multiple Value Item
0 0 0 Singularity
10−35 1 Planck length 0.0000162 qm  Planck length; typical scale of hypothetical loop quantum gravity or size of a hypothetical string and of branes; according to string theory, lengths smaller than this do not make any physical sense.[1] Quantum foam is thought to exist at this scale.
10−24 1 yoctometre (ym) 142 ym Effective cross section radius of 1 MeV neutrinos[2]
10−21 1 zeptometre (zm) Preons, hypothetical particles proposed as subcomponents of quarks and leptons; the upper bound for the width of a cosmic string in string theory
7 zm Effective cross section radius of high-energy neutrinos[3]
310 zm De Broglie wavelength of protons at the Large Hadron Collider (4 TeV as of 2012)
10−18 1 attometre (am) Upper limit for the size of quarks and electrons
Sensitivity of the LIGO detector for gravitational waves[4]
Upper bound of the typical size range for "fundamental strings"[1]
10−17 10 am Range of the weak force
10−16 100 am 850 am Approximate proton radius[5]

Atomic to cellular scale

Factor (m) Multiple Value Item
10−15 1 femtometre (fm, fermi) 1 fm Approximate limit of the gluon-mediated color force between quarks[6][7]
1.5 fm Effective cross section radius of an 11 MeV proton[8]
2.81794 fm Classical electron radius[9]
3 fm Approximate limit of the meson-mediated nuclear binding force[6][7]
1.75 to 15 fm Diameter range of the atomic nucleus[1][10]
10−12 1 picometre (pm) 0.75 to 0.8225 pm Longest wavelength of gamma rays
1 pm Distance between atomic nuclei in a white dwarf
2.4 pm Compton wavelength of electron
5 pm Wavelength of shortest X-rays
10−11 10 pm
28 pm Radius of helium atom
53 pm Bohr radius (radius of a hydrogen atom)
10−10 100 pm 100 pm 1 ångström (also covalent radius of sulfur atom[11])
154 pm Length of a typical covalent bond (C–C)
280 pm Average size of the water molecule (actual lengths may vary)
500 pm Width of protein α helix
10−9 1 nanometre (nm) 1 nm Diameter of a carbon nanotube[12] Diameter of smallest transistor gate (as of 2016)[13]
2 nm Diameter of the DNA helix[14]
2.5 nm Smallest microprocessor transistor gate oxide thickness (as of January 2007)[citation needed]
3.4 nm Length of a DNA turn (10 bp)[15]
6–10 nm Thickness of cell membrane
10−8 10 nm 10 nm Thickness of cell wall in Gram-negative bacteria[citation needed]
10 nm As of 2016, the 10 nanometre was the smallest semiconductor device fabrication node[16]
40 nm Extreme ultraviolet wavelength
50 nm Flying height of the head of a hard disk[17]
10−7 100 nm 121.6 nm Wavelength of the Lyman-alpha line[18]
120 nm Typical diameter of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)[19]
400–700 nm Approximate wavelength range of visible light[20]

Cellular to human scale

Factor (m) Multiple Value Item
10−6 1 micrometre (μm)

(also called 1 micron)

1–4 μm Typical length of a bacterium[21]
4 μm Typical diameter of spider silk[22]
7 μm Typical size of a red blood cell[23]
10−5 10 μm 10 μm Typical size of a fog, mist, or cloud water droplet
10 μm Width of transistors in the Intel 4004, the world's first commercial microprocessor
12 μm Width of acrylic fiber
17-181 μm Width range of human hair[24]
10−4 100 μm 340 μm Size of a pixel on a 17-inch monitor with a resolution of 1024×768
560 μm Thickness of the central area of a human cornea[25]
750 μm Maximum diameter of Thiomargarita namibiensis, the largest bacterium ever discovered (as of 2010)
10−3 1 millimetre (mm) ~5 mm Length of an average flea is 1–10 mm (usually <5 mm)[26]
2.54 mm One-tenth inch; distance between pins in DIP (dual-inline-package) electronic components
5.70 mm Diameter of the projectile in 5.56×45mm NATO ammunition
10−2 1 centimetre (cm) 20 mm Approximate width of an adult human finger
54 mm × 86 mm Dimensions of a credit card, according to the ISO/IEC 7810 ID-1 standard
73–75 mm Diameter of a baseball, according to Major League Baseball guidelines[27]
10−1 1 decimetre (dm) 120 mm Diameter of a compact disc
660 mm Length of the longest pine cones, produced by the sugar pine[28]
900 mm Average length of a rapier, a fencing sword[29]

Human to astronomical scale

Factor (m) Multiple Value Item
1 metre 1 metre (m) 1 m (exactly) Since 1983, defined as length of the path travelled by light in vacuum
during a time interval of 1/299,792,458 of a second. See History of the metre for previous definitions.
2.72 m Height of Robert Wadlow, tallest-known human.[30]
8.38 m Length of a London bus (AEC Routemaster)
101 1 decametre (dam) 33 m Length of the longest-known blue whale[31]
52 m Height of the Niagara Falls[32]
93.47 m Height of the Statue of Liberty
102 1 hectometre (hm) 105 m Length of a typical football field
137 m (147 m) Height (present and original) of the Great Pyramid of Giza
300 m Height of the Eiffel Tower, one of the famous monuments of Paris
979 m Height of the Salto Angel, the world's highest free-falling waterfall (Venezuela)
103 1 kilometre (km) 2.3 km Length of the Three Gorges Dam, the largest dam in the world[33][34]
3.1 km Narrowest width of the Strait of Messina, separating Italy and Sicily
8.848 km Height of Mount Everest, the highest mountain on Earth
104 10 km 10.9 km Depth of the Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench, the deepest-known point on Earth's surface
27 km Circumference of the Large Hadron Collider, as of May 2010 the largest and highest energy particle accelerator
42.195 km Length of a marathon
105 100 km 100 km The distance the IAU considers to be the limit to space, called the Karman line
163 km Length of the Suez Canal, connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea
491 km Length of the Pyrenees, the mountain range separating Spain and France
974.6 km Greatest diameter of the dwarf planet Ceres.[35]
106 1 megametre (Mm) 2.38 Mm Diameter of dwarf planet Pluto, formerly the smallest planet category[note 2] in the Solar System
3.48 Mm Diameter of the Moon
5.2 Mm Typical distance covered by the winner of the 24 Hours of Le Mans automobile endurance race
6.371 Mm Average radius of Earth
6.378 Mm Equatorial radius of Earth
6.4 Mm Length of the Great Wall of China
6.6 Mm Approximate length of the two longest rivers, the Nile and the Amazon
7.821 Mm Length of the Trans-Canada Highway
9.288 Mm Length of the Trans-Siberian Railway, longest in the world

Astronomical scale

Factor (m) Multiple Value Item
107 10 Mm 12.756 Mm Equatorial diameter of Earth
20.004 Mm Length of a meridian on Earth (distance between Earth's poles along the surface)[36]
40.075 Mm Length of Earth's equator
108 100 Mm 142.984 Mm Diameter of Jupiter
299.792 Mm Distance traveled by light in vacuum in one second (a light-second, exactly 299,792,458 m by definition of the speed of light)
384.4 Mm Moon's orbital distance from Earth
109 1 gigametre (Gm) 1.39 Gm Diameter of the Sun
5.15 Gm Greatest mileage ever recorded by a car (3.2 million miles by a 1966 Volvo P-1800S)[37]
1010 10 Gm 18 Gm Approximately one light-minute
1011 100 Gm 150 Gm 1 astronomical unit (au); mean distance between Earth and Sun
1012 1 terametre (Tm) 1.3 Tm Optical diameter of Betelgeuse
1.4 Tm Orbital distance of Saturn from Sun
2 Tm Estimated optical diameter of VY Canis Majoris, one of the largest-known stars
5.9 Tm Orbital distance of Pluto from Sun
~ 7.5 Tm Outer boundary of the Kuiper belt
1013 10 Tm Diameter of the Solar System as a whole[1]
21.49 Tm Distance of the Voyager 1 spacecraft from Sun (as of Oct 2018), the farthest man-made object so far[38]
62.03 Tm Estimated radius of the event horizon of the supermassive black hole in NGC 4889, the largest-known black hole to date
1014 100 Tm 180 Tm Size of the debris disk around the star 51 Pegasi[39]
200 Tm Total length of DNA molecules in all cells of an adult human body[citation needed]
1015 1 petametre (Pm) ~7.5 Pm Supposed outer boundary of the Oort cloud (~ 50,000 au)
9.461 Pm Distance traveled by light in vacuum in one year; at its current speed, Voyager 1 would need 17,500 years to travel this distance
1016 10 Pm 30.857 Pm 1 parsec
39.9 Pm Distance to nearest star (Proxima Centauri)
41.3 Pm As of March 2013, distance to nearest discovered extrasolar planet (Alpha Centauri Bc)
1017 100 Pm 193 Pm As of October 2010, distance to nearest discovered extrasolar planet with potential to support life as we know it (Gliese 581 d)
615 Pm Approximate radius of humanity's radio bubble, caused by high-power TV broadcasts leaking through the atmosphere into outer space
1018 1 exametre (Em) 1.9 Em Distance to nearby solar twin (HIP 56948), a star with properties virtually identical to our Sun[40]
1019 10 Em 9.46 Em Average thickness of Milky Way Galaxy[41] (1,000 to 3,000 ly by 21 cm observations[42])
1020 100 Em 113.5 Em Thickness of Milky Way Galaxy's gaseous disk[43]
1021 1 zettametre (Zm)
1.54 Zm Distance to SN 1987A, the most recent naked eye supernova
1.62 Zm Distance to the Large Magellanic Cloud (a dwarf galaxy orbiting the Milky Way)
1.66 Zm Distance to the Small Magellanic Cloud (another dwarf galaxy orbiting the Milky Way)
1.9 Zm Diameter of galactic disk of Milky Way Galaxy[44][45][46][47]
6.15 Zm Diameter of the low surface brightness disc halo of the giant spiral galaxy Malin 1
1022 10 Zm 13.25 Zm Radius of the diffuse stellar halo of IC 1101, one of the largest-known galaxies
24 Zm Distance to Andromeda Galaxy
30.857 Zm 1 megaparsec
50 Zm Diameter of Local Group of galaxies
1023 100 Zm 300–600 Zm Distance to Virgo cluster of galaxies
1024 1 yottametre (Ym) 2.19 Ym Diameter of the Local Supercluster and the largest voids and filaments
2.8 Ym End of Greatness
~5 Ym Diameter of the Horologium Supercluster[48]
9.461 Ym Diameter of the Pisces–Cetus Supercluster Complex, the supercluster complex where we live
1025 10 Ym 13 Ym Length of the Sloan Great Wall, a giant wall of galaxies (galactic filament)[49]
30.857 Ym 1 gigaparsec
37.84 Ym Length of the Huge-LQG, a group of 73 quasars
1026 100 Ym 95 Ym Estimated light travel distance to certain quasars. Length of the Hercules–Corona Borealis Great Wall, a colossal wall of galaxies, the largest and the most massive structure in the observable universe as of 2014
127 Ym Estimated light travel distance to GN-z11, the most distant object ever observed
870 Ym Approximate diameter (comoving distance) of the visible universe[1]
1027 1 Rm 1.2 Rm Lower bound of the (possibly infinite) radius of the universe, if it is a 3-sphere, according to one estimate using the WMAP data at 95% confidence[50] It equivalently implies that there are at minimum 21 particle horizon-sized volumes in the universe.
 [note 3]   Qm  Qm According to the laws of probability, the distance one must travel until one encounters a volume of space identical to our observable universe with conditions identical to our own.[51][52]
    Qm  Qm Minimal size of universe after cosmological inflation, implied by one resolution of the No-Boundary Proposal[53]


Less than 1 zeptometre

The yoctometre (SI symbol: ym) is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 10−24 metres. To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists lengths shorter than 10−21 m (1 zm).

1 zeptometre

The zeptometre (SI symbol: zm) is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 10−21 metres. To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists lengths between 10−21 m and 10−20 m (1 zm and 10 zm).

10 zeptometres

To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists lengths between 10−20 m and 10−19 m (10 zm and 100 zm).

100 zeptometres

To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists lengths between 10−19 m and 10−18 m (100 zm and 1 am).

1 attometre

The attometre (SI symbol: am) is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 10−18 metres. To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists lengths between 10−18 m and 10−17 m (1 am and 10 am).

10 attometres

To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists lengths between 10−17 m and 10−16 m (10 am and 100 am).

100 attometres

To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists lengths between 10−16 m and 10−15 m (100 am and 1 fm).

  • 100 am – all lengths shorter than this distance are not confirmed in terms of size[citation needed]
  • 850 am – approximate proton radius[citation needed]

1 femtometre

The femtometre (SI symbol: fm) is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 10−15 metres. In particle physics, this unit is more commonly called a fermi, also with abbreviation "fm". To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists lengths between 10−15 metres and 10−14 metres (1 femtometre and 10 fm).

10 femtometres

To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists lengths between 10−14 m and 10−13 m (10 fm and 100 fm).

100 femtometres

To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists lengths between 10−13 m and 10−12 m (100 fm and 1 pm).

  • 570 fm – typical distance from the atomic nucleus of the two innermost electrons (electrons in the 1s shell) in the uranium atom, the heaviest naturally-occurring atom

1 picometre

The picometre (SI symbol: pm) is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 10−12 metres (1/1000000000000 m = 0.000000000001 m). To help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths between 10−12 and 10−11 m (1 pm and 10 pm).

10 picometres

To help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths between 10−11 and 10−10 m (10 pm and 100 pm).

  • 25 pm – approximate radius of a helium atom, the smallest neutral atom
  • 30.8568 pm – 1 rontoparsec
  • 50 pm – radius of a hydrogen atom
  • 50 pm – bohr radius: approximate radius of a hydrogen atom
  • ~50 pm – best resolution of a high-resolution transmission electron microscope
  • 60 pm – radius of a carbon atom
  • 93 pm – length of a diatomic carbon molecule
  • 96 pm – H–O bond length in a water molecule

100 picometres

To help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths between 10−10 and 10−9 m (100 pm and 1 nm; 1 Å and 10 Å).

1 nanometre

The nanometre (SI symbol: nm) is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 10−9 metres (1/1000000000 m = 0.000000001 m). To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists lengths between 10−9 and 10−8 m (1 nm and 10 nm).

10 nanometres

To help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths between 10−8 and 10−7 m (10 nm and 100 nm).

100 nanometres

 
Comparison of sizes of semiconductor manufacturing process nodes with some microscopic objects and visible light wavelengths. At this scale, the width of a human hair is about 10 times that of the image.[64]

To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists lengths between 10−7 and 10−6 m (100 nm and 1 μm).

  • 100 nm – greatest particle size that can fit through a surgical mask[65]
  • 100 nm – 90% of particles in wood smoke are smaller than this.[citation needed]
  • 120 nm – greatest particle size that can fit through a ULPA filter[citation needed]
  • 120 nm – diameter of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)[66]
  • 120 nm – approximate diameter of SARS-CoV-2[67]
  • 125 nm – standard depth of pits on compact discs (width: 500 nm, length: 850 nm to 3.5 μm)
  • 180 nm – typical length of the rabies virus
  • 200 nm – typical size of a Mycoplasma bacterium, among the smallest bacteria
  • 300–400 nm – near ultraviolet wavelength
  • 300 nm – greatest particle size that can fit through a HEPA (high efficiency particulate air) filter (N100 removes up to 99.97% at 0.3 micrometres, N95 removes up to 95% at 0.3 micrometres)[citation needed]
  • 400–420 nm – wavelength of violet light (see Color and Visible spectrum)
  • 420–440 nm – wavelength of indigo light
  • 440–500 nm – wavelength of blue light
  • 500–520 nm – wavelength of cyan light
  • 520–565 nm – wavelength of green light
  • 565–590 nm – wavelength of yellow light
  • 590–625 nm – wavelength of orange light
  • 625–700 nm – wavelength of red light
  • 700–1.4 μm – wavelength of near-infrared radiation

1 micrometre

 
The silk for a spider's web is 5–7 μm (0.00020–0.00028 in) wide

The micrometre (SI symbol: μm) is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 10−6 metres (1/1000000 m = 0.000001 m). To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists some items with lengths between 10−6 and 10−5 m (between 1 and 10 micrometres, or μm).

10 micrometres

 
Fog particles are around 10–50 μm (0.00039–0.00197 in) long.

To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists lengths between 10−5 m and 10−4 m (10 μm and 100 μm).

100 micrometres

 
A paramecium is around 300 μm (0.012 in) long.

To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists lengths between 10−4 m and 10−3 m (100 μm and 1 mm). The term myriometre (abbr. mom, equivalent to 100 micrometres; frequently confused with the myriametre, 10 kilometres)[79] is deprecated; the decimal metric prefix myrio-[80] is obsolete[81][82][83] and was not included among the prefixes when the International System of Units was introduced in 1960.

1 millimetre

 
An average red ant is about 5 mm (0.20 in) long.
"1mm" redirects here. For the Perfume song, see Level3 (Perfume album). For the measure, see millimetre.

The millimetre (SI symbol: mm) is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 10−3 metres (1/1000 m = 0.001 m). To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists lengths between 10−3 m and 10−2 m (1 mm and 1 cm).

  • 1.0 mm – 1/1,000 of a metre
  • 1.0 mm – 0.03937 inches or 5/127 (exactly)
  • 1.0 mm – side of a square of area 1 mm²
  • 1.0 mm – diameter of a pinhead
  • 1.5 mm – average length of a flea[26]
  • 2.54 mm – distance between pins on old dual in-line package (DIP) electronic components
  • 5 mm – length of an average red ant
  • 5 mm – diameter of an average grain of rice
  • 5.56×45mm NATO – standard ammunition size
  • 6 mm – approximate width of a pencil
  • 7 mm – length of a Paedophryne amauensis, the smallest-known vertebrate[88]
  • 7.1 mm – length of a sunflower seed
  • 7.62×51mm NATO – common military ammunition size[89]
  • 8 mm – width of old-format home movie film
  • 8 mm – length of a Paedocypris progenetica, the smallest-known fish[90]

1 centimetre

 
An average human fingernail is 1 cm (0.39 in) wide
"10 mm" redirects here. For firearms cartridges, see 10 mm calibre.

The centimetre (SI symbol: cm) is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 10−2 metres (1/100 m = 0.01 m). To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists lengths between 10−2 m and 10−1 m (1 cm and 1 dm).

  • 1 cm – 10 millimetres
  • 1 cm – 0.39 inches
  • 1 cm – edge of a square of area 1 cm2
  • 1 cm – edge of a cube of volume 1 mL
  • 1 cm – length of a coffee bean
  • 1 cm – approximate width of average fingernail
  • 1.2 cm – length of a bee
  • 1.2 cm – diameter of a die
  • 1.5 cm – length of a very large mosquito
  • 1.6 cm – length of a Jaragua Sphaero, a very small reptile
  • 1.7 cm – length of a Thorius arboreus, the smallest salamander[91]
  • 2 cm – approximate width of an adult human finger
  • 2.54 cm – 1 inch
  • 3.08568 cm – 1 attoparsec
  • 3.4 cm – length of a quail egg[92]
  • 3.5 cm – width of film commonly used in motion pictures and still photography
  • 3.78 cm – amount of distance the Moon moves away from Earth each year[93]
  • 4.3 cm – minimum diameter of a golf ball[94]
  • 5 cm – usual diameter of a chicken egg
  • 5 cm – height of a hummingbird, the smallest-known bird
  • 5.5 × 5.5 × 5.5 cm – dimensions of a 3x3x3 Rubik's cube
  • 6.1 cm – average height of an apple
  • 7.3–7.5 cm – diameter of a baseball[27]
  • 8.6 cm × 5.4 cm – dimensions of a standard credit card[citation needed]
  • 9 cm – length of a speckled padloper, the smallest-known turtle

1 decimetre

"10cm" redirects here. For the band, see 10cm (band).
 
An adult human foot is about 28 cm (11 in) long.

The decimetre (SI symbol: dm) is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 10−1 metres (1/10 m = 0.1 m). To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists lengths between 10 centimetres and 100 centimetres (10−1 metre and 1 metre).

Conversions

10 centimetres (abbreviated to 10 cm) is equal to:

Wavelengths

Human-defined scales and structures

  • 10.16 cm = 1.016 dm – 1 hand used in measuring height of horses (4 inches)
  • 12 cm = 1.2 dm – diameter of a compact disc (CD) (= 120 mm)
  • 15 cm = 1.5 dm – length of a Bic pen with cap on
  • 22 cm = 2.2 dm – diameter of a typical association football (soccer ball)
  • 30 cm = 3 dm – typical school-use ruler length (= 300 mm)
  • 30.48 cm = 3.048 dm – 1 foot (measure)
  • 60 cm = 6 dm – standard depth (front to back) of a domestic kitchen worktop in Europe (= 600 mm)
  • 90 cm = 9 dm – average length of a rapier, a fencing sword[29]
  • 91.44 cm = 9.144 dm – one yard (measure)

Nature

  • 10 cm = 1 dm – diameter of the human cervix upon entering the second stage of labour
  • 11 cm = 1.1 dm – diameter of an average potato in the US
  • 13 cm = 1.3 dm – body length of a Goliath birdeater
  • 15 cm = 1.5 dm – approximate size of largest beetle species
  • 19 cm = 1.9 dm – length of a banana
  • 26.3 cm = 2.6 dm – length of average male human foot
  • 29.98 cm = 2.998 dm – distance light in vacuum travels in one nanosecond
  • 30 cm = 3.0 dm – maximum leg length of a Goliath birdeater
  • 31 cm = 3.1 dm – wingspan of largest butterfly species Ornithoptera alexandrae
  • 46 cm = 4.6 dm – length of an average domestic cat
  • 50 to 65 cm = 5–6.5 dm – a coati's tail
  • 66 cm = 6.6 dm – length of the longest pine cones (produced by the sugar pine[95])

Astronomical

  • 84 cm = 8.4 dm – approximate diameter of 2008 TS26, a meteoroid

1 metre

"1m" redirects here. For other uses, see 1M.
 
Leonardo da Vinci drew the Vitruvian Man within a square of side 1.83 m (6 ft 0 in) and a circle about 1.2 m (3 ft 11 in) in radius

To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists lengths between one metre and ten metres. Light, in vacuum, travels 1 metre in 1⁄299,792,458, or 3.3356409519815E-9 of a second.

Conversions

1 metre is:

Human-defined scales and structures

  • 1 m – approximate height of the top part of a doorknob on a door
  • 1 m – diameter of a very large beach ball
  • 1.435 m – standard gauge of railway track used by about 60% of railways in the world = 4 ft 81⁄2 in
  • 2.5 m – distance from the floor to the ceiling in an average residential house[96]
  • 2.7 m – length of the Starr Bumble Bee II, the smallest plane
  • 2.77–3.44 m – wavelength of the broadcast radio FM band 87–108 MHz
  • 3.05 m – the length of an old Mini
  • 8.38 m – the length of a London Bus (AEC Routemaster)

Sports

  • 2.44 m – height of an association football goal[97]
  • 2.45 m – highest high jump by a human (Javier Sotomayor)[98]
  • 3.05 m – (10 feet) height of the basket in basketball
  • 8.95 m – longest long jump by a human (Mike Powell)[99]

Nature

  • 1 m – height of Homo floresiensis (the "Hobbit")
  • 1.15 m – a pizote (mammal)
  • 1.63 m – (5 feet 4 inches) (or 64 inches) – height of average U.S. female human as of 2002 (source: U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC))
  • 1.75 m – (5 feet 8 inches) – height of average U.S. male human as of 2002 (source: U.S. CDC as per female above)
  • 2.5 m – height of a sunflower
  • 2.72 m – (8 feet 11 inches) – tallest-known human (Robert Wadlow)[30]
  • 3.63 m – the record wingspan for living birds (a wandering albatross)
  • 5 m – length of an elephant
  • 5.2 m – height of a giraffe[100]
  • 5.5 m – height of a Baluchitherium, the largest land mammal ever lived
  • 6.5 m – wingspan of Argentavis, the largest flying bird known
  • 7.4 m – wingspan of Pelagornis, the bird with longest wingspan ever.[101]
  • 7.5 m – approximate length of the human gastrointestinal tract

Astronomical

  • 3–6 m – approximate diameter of 2003 SQ222, a meteoroid
  • 4.1 m – diameter of 2008 TC3, a small asteroid that flew into the Earth's atmosphere on October 7, 2008[102]

1 decametre

 
A blue whale has been measured as 33 m (108 ft) long; this drawing compares its length to that of a human diver and a dolphin.

The decametre (SI symbol: dam) is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 10 metres (101 m). To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists lengths between 10 and 100 metres.

Conversions

10 metres (very rarely termed a decametre which is abbreviated as dam) is equal to:

Human-defined scales and structures

  • 10 metres – wavelength of the highest shortwave radio frequency, 30 MHz
  • 23 metres – height of the obelisk of the Place de la Concorde, Paris, France
  • 25 metres – wavelength of the broadcast radio shortwave band at 12 MHz
  • 29 metres – height of the lighthouse at Savudrija, Croatia
  • 31 metres – wavelength of the broadcast radio shortwave band at 9.7 MHz
  • 32 metres - length of one arcsecond of latitude on the surface of the Earth
  • 34 metres – height of the Split Point Lighthouse in Aireys Inlet, Victoria, Australia
  • 40 metres – average depth beneath the seabed of the Channel tunnel
  • 49 metres – wavelength of the broadcast radio shortwave band at 6.1 MHz
  • 50 metres – length of a road train
  • 55 metres – height of the Leaning Tower of Pisa
  • 62.5 metres – height of Pyramid of Djoser
  • 64 metres – wingspan of a Boeing 747-400
  • 69 metres – wingspan of an Antonov An-124 Ruslan
  • 70 metres – length of the Bayeux Tapestry
  • 70 metres – width of a typical association football field
  • 77 metres – wingspan of a Boeing 747-8
  • 88.4 metres – wingspan of an Antonov An-225 Mriya transport aircraft
  • 93 metres – height of the Statue of Liberty
  • 96 metres – height of Big Ben
  • 100 metres – wavelength of the lowest shortwave radio frequency, 3 MHz

Sports

  • 11 metres – approximate width of a doubles tennis court
  • 15 metres – width of a standard FIBA basketball court
  • 15.24 metres – width of an NBA]basketball court (50 feet)
  • 18.44 metres – distance between the front of the pitcher's rubber and the rear point of home plate on a baseball field (60 feet, 6 inches)[103]
  • 20 metres – length of cricket pitch (22 yards)[104]
  • 27.43 metres – distance between bases on a baseball field (90 feet)
  • 28 metres – length of a standard FIBA basketball court
  • 28.65 metres – length of an NBA basketball court (94 feet)
  • 49 metres – width of an American football field (531⁄3 yards)
  • 59.436 metres – width of a Canadian football field (65 yards)
  • 70 metres – typical width of a association football field
  • 91 metres – length of an American football field (100 yards, measured between the goal lines)

Nature

  • 10 metres – average length of human digestive tract[citation needed]
  • 12 metres – length of a whale shark, largest living fish
  • 12 metres – wingspan of a Quetzalcoatlus, a pterosaur
  • 13 metres – length of a giant squid and colossal squid, the largest living invertebrates
  • 15 metres – approximate distance the tropical circles of latitude are moving towards the equator and the polar circles are moving towards the poles each year due to a natural, gradual decrease in the Earth's axial tilt
  • 18 metres – height of a Sauroposeidon, the tallest-known dinosaur
  • 20 metres – length of a Leedsichthys, the largest-known fish to have lived
  • 21 metres – height of High Force waterfall in England
  • 33 metres – length of a blue whale,[105] the largest animal on earth, living or extinct, in terms of mass
  • 39 metres – length of a Supersaurus, the longest-known dinosaur and longest vertebrate[106]
  • 52 metres – height of Niagara Falls[32]
  • 55 metres – length of a bootlace worm, the longest-known animal[107]
  • 66 metres - highest possible sea level rise due to a complete melting of all ice on Earth
  • 83 metres – height of a Western hemlock

Astronomical

  • 30 metres – diameter of 1998 KY26, a rapidly spinning meteoroid
  • 30.8568 metres – 1 femtoparsec
  • 32 metres – approximate diameter of 2008 HJ, a small meteoroid

1 hectometre

 
The Great Pyramid of Giza is 138.8 m (455 ft) high.
 
British driver location sign and location marker post on the M27 in Hampshire. The location marker posts are installed at 100-metre intervals.[108]

The hectometre (SI symbol: hm) is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 100 metres (102 m). To compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths between 100 metres and 1,000 metres (1 kilometre).

Conversions

100 metres (sometimes termed a hectometre) is equal to:

  • 328 feet
  • one side of a 1 hectare square
  • a fifth of a modern li, a Chinese unit of measurement
  • the approximate distance travelled by light in 300 nanoseconds

Human-defined scales and structures

  • 100 metres – wavelength of the highest medium wave radio frequency, 3 MHz
  • 100 metres – spacing of location marker posts on British motorways
  • 138.8 metres – height of the Great Pyramid of Giza (Pyramid of Cheops)
  • 139 metres – height of the world's tallest roller coaster, Kingda Ka[109]
  • 187 metres – shortest wavelength of the broadcast radio AM band, 1600 kHz
  • 202 metres – length of the Széchenyi Chain Bridge connecting Buda and Pest
  • 318 metres – height of The New York Times Building
  • 318.9 metres – height of the Chrysler Building
  • 328 metres – height of Auckland's Sky Tower, the tallest free-standing structure in the Southern Hemisphere[when?]
  • 330 metres – height of the Eiffel Tower (including antenna)[110]
  • 341 metres – height of the world's tallest bridge, the Millau Viaduct[when?]
  • 390 metres – height of the Empire State Building
  • 400–800 metres – heights of the world's tallest skyscrapers of the past 80 years[when?]
  • 458 metres – length of the Knock Nevis, the world's largest supertanker
  • 553.33 metres – height of the CN Tower[111]
  • 555 metres – longest wavelength of the broadcast radio AM band, 540 kHz
  • 630 metres – height of the KVLY-TV mast, second-tallest structure in the world
  • 646 metres – height of the Warsaw radio mast, the world's tallest structure until its collapse in 1991
  • 828 metres – height of Burj Khalifa, world's tallest structure on 17 January 2009[112]
  • 1,000 metres – wavelength of the lowest mediumwave radio frequency, 300 kHz

Sports

  • 100 metres – the distance a very fast human can run in about 10 seconds
  • 100.584 metres – length of a Canadian football field between the goal lines (110 yards)
  • 91.5 metres – 137 metres – length of a soccer field[97]
  • 105 metres – length of football pitch (UEFA stadium categories 3 and 4)
  • 105 metres – length of a typical football field
  • 109.73 metres – total length of an American football field (120 yards, including the end zones)
  • 110–150 metres – the width of an Australian football field
  • 135–185 metres – the length of an Australian football field
  • 137.16 metres – total length of a Canadian football field, including the end zones (150 yards)

Nature

  • 115.5 metres – height of the world's tallest tree in 2007, the Hyperion sequoia[113]
  • 310 metres – maximum depth of Lake Geneva
  • 340 metres – distance sound travels in air at sea level in one second; see Speed of sound
  • 979 metres – height of the Salto Angel, the world's highest free-falling waterfall (Venezuela)
  • 1500 metres – distance sound travels in water in one second

Astronomical

1 kilometre

 
Mount Fuji is 3.776 kilometres (2.346 mi) high.

The kilometre (SI symbol: km) is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 1000 metres (103 m). To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists lengths between 1 kilometre and 10 kilometres (103 and 104 metres).

Conversions

1 kilometre (unit symbol km) is equal to:

Human-defined scales and structures

Geographical

See also: List of highest mountains on Earth

Astronomical

10 kilometres

 
The Strait of Gibraltar is 13 km (8.1 mi) wide.

To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists lengths between 10 and 100 kilometres (104 to 105 metres). The myriametre[125] (sometimes also spelled myriometre; 10,000 metres) is a deprecated unit name; the decimal metric prefix myria-[80] (sometimes also written as myrio-[126][127][128]) is obsolete[81][82][83] and not included among the prefixes when the International System of Units was introduced in 1960.

Conversions

10 kilometres is equal to:

 
Distance marker on the Rhine: 36 (XXXVI) myriametres from Basel. The stated distance is 360 km (220 mi); the comma is the decimal separator in Germany.

Sports

Human-defined scales and structures

Geographical

Astronomical

100 kilometres

 
The Suez Canal is 163 km (101 mi) long.

A length of 100 kilometres (about 62 miles), as a rough amount, is relatively common in measurements on Earth and for some astronomical objects. It is the altitude at which the FAI defines spaceflight to begin.

To help compare orders of magnitude, this section lists lengths between 100 and 1,000 kilometres (105 and 106 metres).

Conversions

A distance of 100 kilometres is equal to about 62 miles (or 62.13711922 miles).

Human-defined scales and structures

Geographical

Astronomical

1 megametre

 
Small planets, the Moon and dwarf planets in the Solar System have diameters from one to ten million metres. Top row: Mars (left), Mercury (right); bottom row: Moon (left), Pluto (center), and Haumea (right), to scale.

The megametre (SI symbol: Mm) is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 1000000 metres (106 m). To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists lengths starting at 106 m (1 Mm or 1,000 km).

Conversions

1 megametre is equal to:

  • 1 E+6 m (one million metres)
  • approximately 621.37 miles
  • Side of square with area 1,000,000 km2

Human-defined scales and structures

Sports

Geographical

Astronomical

10 megametres

 
Planets from Venus up to Uranus have diameters from ten to one hundred million metres. Top row: Uranus (left), Neptune (right); middle row: Earth (left), Sirius B (center), and Venus (right), to scale

To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists lengths starting at 107 metres (10 megametres or 10,000 kilometres).

Conversions

10 megametres (10 Mm) is

Human-defined scales and structures

Geographical

Astronomical

  • 12.000 Mm – Diameter of Sirius B, a white dwarf[144]
  • 12.104 Mm – Diameter of Venus
  • 12.742 Mm – Diameter of Earth
  • 12.900 Mm – Minimum distance of the meteoroid 2004 FU162 from the centre of Earth on 31 March 2004, closest on record
  • 14.000 Mm – Smallest diameter of Jupiter's Great Red Spot
  • 19.000 Mm – Separation between Pluto and Charon
  • 30.8568 Mm – 1 nanoparsec
  • 34.770 Mm – Minimum distance of the asteroid 99942 Apophis on 13 April 2029 from the centre of Earth
  • 35.786 Mm – Altitude of geostationary orbit
  • 40.005 Mm – Polar circumference of the Earth
  • 40.077 Mm – Equatorial circumference of the Earth
  • 49.528 Mm – Diameter of Neptune
  • 51.118 Mm – Diameter of Uranus

100 megametres

 
The Earth-Moon orbit, Saturn, OGLE-TR-122b, Jupiter, and other objects, to scale. Click on image for detailed view and links to other length scales.
 
Scale model at megametres of the main Solar System bodies.

To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists lengths starting at 108 metres (100 megametres or 100,000 kilometres or 62,150 miles).

1 gigametre

 
13 things in the gigametre group
 
Upper part: Gamma Orionis, Algol B, the Sun (centre), underneath their darker mirror images (artist's interpretation), and other objects, to scale

The gigametre (SI symbol: Gm) is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 1000000000 metres (109 m). To help compare different distances this section lists lengths starting at 109 metres (1 gigametre (Gm) or 1 billion metres).

10 gigametres

 
Rigel and Aldebaran (top left and right) compared to smaller stars, the Sun (very small dot in lower middle, with orbit of Mercury as yellow ellipse) and transparent sphere with radius of one light-minute.

To help compare different distances this section lists lengths starting at 1010 metres (10 gigametres (Gm) or 10 million kilometres, or 0.07 astronomical units).

100 gigametres

 
From largest to smallest: Jupiter's orbit, red supergiant star Betelgeuse, Mars' orbit, Earth's orbit, star R Doradus, and orbits of Venus, Mercury. Inside R Doradus's depiction are the blue giant star Rigel and red giant star Aldebaran. The faint yellow glow around the Sun represents one light-minute. Click image to see more details and links to their scales.

To help compare distances at different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths starting at 1011 metres (100 gigametre or 100 million kilometres or 0.7 astronomical units).

  • 109 Gm (0.7 au) Distance between Venus and the Sun
  • 149.6 Gm (93.0 million mi; 1.0 au) – Distance between the Earth and the Sun – the original definition of the astronomical unit
  • 180 Gm (1.2 au) – Maximum diameter of Sagittarius A*, the supermassive black hole in the center of Milky Way galaxy
  • 228 Gm (1.5 au) – Distance between Mars and the Sun
  • 570 Gm (3.8 au) – Length of the tail of Comet Hyakutake measured by Ulysses; the actual value could be much higher
  • 591 Gm (4.0 au) – Minimum distance between the Earth and Jupiter
  • 780 Gm (5.2 au) – Distance between Jupiter and the Sun
  • 947 Gm (6.4 au) – Diameter of Antares A
  • 965 Gm (6.4 au) – Maximum distance between the Earth and Jupiter

1 terametre

 
8 things in the terametre group
 
Comparison of size of the Kuiper belt (large faint torus) with the star VY Canis Majoris (within Saturn's orbit), Betelgeuse (inside Jupiter's orbit) and R Doradus (small central red sphere) together with the orbits of Neptune and Uranus, to scale. The yellow ellipses represent the orbits of each planet and the dwarf planet Pluto.

The terametre (SI symbol: Tm) is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 1000000000000 metres (1012 m). To help compare different distances, this section lists lengths starting at 1012 m (1 Tm or 1 billion km or 6.7 astronomical units).

10 terametres

 
Sedna's orbit (left) is longer than 100 Tm, but other lengths are between 10 and 100 Tm: Comet Hale-Bopp's orbit (lower, faint orange); one light-day (yellow spherical shell with yellow Vernal point arrow as radius); the heliosphere's termination shock (blue shell); and other arrows show positions of Voyager 1 (red) and Pioneer 10 (green). Click on image for larger view and links to other scales.

To help compare different distances this section lists lengths starting at 1013 m (10 Tm or 10 billion km or 67 astronomical units).

  • 10 Tm – 67 AU – Diameter of a hypothetical quasi-star
  • 11.1 Tm – 74.2 AU – Distance that Voyager 1 began detecting returning particles from termination shock
  • 11.4 Tm – 76.2 AU – Perihelion distance of 90377 Sedna
  • 12.1 Tm – 70 to 90 AU – Distance to termination shock (Voyager 1 crossed at 94 AU)
  • 12.9 Tm – 86.3 AU – Distance to 90377 Sedna in March 2014
  • 13.2 Tm – 88.6 AU – Distance to Pioneer 11 in March 2014
  • 14.1 Tm – 94.3 AU – Estimated radius of the Solar System
  • 14.4 Tm – 96.4 AU – Distance to Eris in March 2014 (now near its aphelion)
  • 15.1 Tm – 101 AU – Distance to heliosheath
  • 16.5 Tm – 111 AU – Distance to Pioneer 10 as of March 2014
  • 16.6 Tm – 111.2 AU – Distance to Voyager 2 as of May 2016
  • 20.0 Tm – 135 AU – Distance to Voyager 1 as of May 2016
  • 20.6 Tm – 138 AU – Distance to Voyager 1 as of late February 2017
  • 21.1 Tm – 141 AU – Distance to Voyager 1 as of November 2017
  • 25.9 Tm – 173 AU – One light-day
  • 30.8568 Tm – 206.3 AU – 1 milliparsec
  • 55.7 Tm – 371 AU – Aphelion distance of the comet Hale-Bopp

100 terametres

 
The largest yellow sphere indicates one light month distance from the Sun. Click the image for larger view, more details and links to other scales.

To help compare different distances this section lists lengths starting at 1014 m (100 Tm or 100 billion km or 670 astronomical units).

1 petametre

 
Largest circle with yellow arrow indicates one light-year from Sun; Cat's Eye Nebula on left and Barnard 68 in middle are depicted in front of Comet 1910 A1's orbit. Click image for larger view, details and links to other scales.

The petametre (SI symbol: Pm) is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 1015 metres. To help compare different distances this section lists lengths starting at 1015 m (1 Pm or 1 trillion km or 6685 astronomical units (AU) or 0.11 light-years).

  • 1.0 Pm = 0.105702341 light-years[155]
  • 1.9 Pm ± 0.5 Pm = 12,000 AU = 0.2 light-year radius of Cat's Eye Nebula's inner core[156]
  • 3.08568 Pm = 20,626 AU = 1 deciparsec
  • 4.7 Pm = 30,000 AU = half-light-year diameter of Bok globule Barnard 68[157]
  • 7.5 Pm – 50,000 AU – Possible outer boundary of Oort cloud (other estimates are 75,000 to 125,000 or even 189,000 AU (1.18, 2, and 3 light-years, respectively))
  • 9.5 Pm – 63,241.1 AU – One light-year, the distance traveled by light in one year
  • 9.9 Pm – 66,000 AU – Aphelion distance of the C/1999 F1 (Catalina)

10 petametres

 
Objects with size order of magnitude 1e16m: Ten light-years (94.6 Pm) radius circle with yellow Vernal Point arrow; Bubble Nebula (NGC 7635), left; Dumbbell Nebula (NGC 6853), right; one light-year shell lower right with the smaller Cat's Eye Nebula (NGC_6543) and Barnard 68 adjacent.
 
1e16m lengths: Ten light-years (94.6 Pm) yellow shell; Sirius below right; BL Ceti below left; Proxima and Alpha Centauri upper right; light-year shell with Comet 1910 A1's orbit inside top right

To help compare different distances this section lists lengths starting at 1016 m (10 Pm or 66,800 AU, 1.06 light-years).

100 petametres

 
Lengths with order of magnitude 1e17m: yellow Vernal Point arrow traces hundred light-year radius circle with smaller ten light-year circle at right; globular cluster Messier 5 in background; 12 light-year radius Orion Nebula middle right; 50-light-year-wide view of the Carina Nebula bottom left; Pleiades cluster and Bubble nebula with similar diameters each around 10 light-years bottom right; grey arrows show distances from Sun to stars Aldebaran (65 light-years) and Vega (25 light-years).

To help compare different distances this section lists lengths between 1017 m (100 Pm or 11 light-years) and 1018 m (106 light-years).

  • 110 Pm – 12 light-years – Distance to Tau Ceti
  • 230 Pm – 24 light-years – Diameter of the Orion Nebula[158][159]
  • 240 Pm – 25 light-years – Distance to Vega
  • 260 Pm – 27 light-years – Distance to Chara, a star approximately as bright as our Sun. Its faintness gives us an idea how our Sun would appear when viewed from even so close a distance as this.
  • 308.568 Tm – 32.6 light-years – 1 dekaparsec
  • 350 Pm – 37 light-years – Distance to Arcturus
  • 373.1 Pm – 39.44 light-years – Distance to TRAPPIST-1, a star recently discovered to have 7 planets around it
  • 400 Pm – 42 light-years – Distance to Capella
  • 620 Pm – 65 light-years – Distance to Aldebaran
  • 750 Pm – 79.36 light-years – Distance to Regulus
  • 900 Pm – 92.73 light-years – Distance to Algol

1 exametre

 
Lengths with order of magnitude 1e18m: thousand light-year radius circle with yellow arrow and 100 light-year circle at right with globular cluster Messier 5 within and Carina Nebula in front; globular cluster Omega Centauri to left of both; part of the 1,400-light-year-wide Tarantula Nebula fills the background.

The exametre (SI symbol: Em) is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 1018 metres. To help compare different distances this section lists lengths between 1018 m (1 Em or 105.7 light-years) and 1019 m (10 Em or 1,057 light-years).

10 exametres

To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists distances starting at 10 Em (1019 m or 1,100 light-years).

100 exametres

To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists distances starting at 100 Em (1020 m or 11,000 light-years).

1 zettametre

The zettametre (SI symbol: Zm) is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 1021 metres.[54] To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists distances starting at 1 Zm (1021 m or 110,000 light-years).

10 zettametres

To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists distances starting at 10 Zm (1022 m or 1.1 million light-years).

100 zettametres

To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists distances starting at 100 Zm (1023 m or 11 million light-years).

1 yottametre

The yottametre (SI symbol: Ym) is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 1024 metres.[54]

To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists distances starting at 1 Ym (1024 m or 105.702 million light-years).

10 yottametres

 
The universe within one billion light-years of Earth

To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists distances starting at 10 Ym (1025 m or 1.1 billion light-years). At this scale, expansion of the universe becomes significant. Distance of these objects are derived from their measured redshifts, which depends on the cosmological models used.

100 yottametres

To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists distances starting at 100 Ym (1026 m or 11 billion light-years). At this scale, expansion of the universe becomes significant. Distance of these objects are derived from their measured redshifts, which depend on the cosmological models used.

1 ronnametre

The ronnametre (SI symbol: Rm) is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 1027 metres.[54]

To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists distances starting at 1 Rm (1027 m or 110 billion light-years). At this scale, expansion of the universe becomes significant. Distance of these objects are derived from their measured redshifts, which depend on the cosmological models used.

  • >1 Rm - >105.7 billion light-years – Size of universe beyond the cosmic light horizon, depending on its curvature; if the curvature is zero (i.e. the universe is spatially flat), the value can be infinite (see Shape of the universe) as previously mentioned

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The diameter of human hair ranges from 17 to 181 μm Ley, Brian (1999). Elert, Glenn (ed.). "Diameter of a human hair". The Physics Factbook. Retrieved 8 December 2018.
  2. ^ a b The exact category (asteroid, dwarf planet, or planet) to which particular Solar System objects belong, has been subject to some revision since the discovery of extrasolar planets and trans-Neptunian objects
  3. ^ 10115 is 1 followed by 115 zeroes, or a googol multiplied by a quadrillion. 1010115 is 1 followed by a quadrillion googol zeroes. 101010122is 1 followed by 1010122 (a googolplex10 sextillion) zeroes.
  4. ^ But not cloud or high-level fog droplets; droplet size increases with altitude. For a contradictory study indicating larger drop sizes even in ground fog, see Eldridge, Ralph G. (October 1961). "A Few Fog Drop-Size Distributions". Journal of Meteorology. 18 (5): 671–6. Bibcode:1961JAtS...18..671E. doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1961)018<0671:AFFDSD>2.0.CO;2.

References

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  2. ^ Nave, Carl R. "Cowan and Reines Neutrino Experiment". HyperPhysics. Retrieved 4 December 2008. (6.3 × 10−44 cm2, which gives an effective radius of about 1.42 × 10−22 m)
  3. ^ Nave, Carl R. "Neutron Absorption Cross-sections". HyperPhysics. Retrieved 4 December 2008. (area for 20 GeV about 10 × 10−42 m2 gives effective radius of about 2 × 10−21 m; for 250 GeV about 150 × 10−42 m2 gives effective radius of about 7 × 10−21 m)
  4. ^ Abbott, B. P.; et al. (2016). "Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger". Physical Review Letters. 116 (6): 061102. arXiv:1602.03837. Bibcode:2016PhRvL.116f1102A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.061102. PMID 26918975. S2CID 124959784. On 14 September 2015 at 09:50:45 UTC the two detectors of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory simultaneously observed a transient gravitational-wave signal. The signal sweeps upwards in frequency from 35 to 250 Hz with a peak gravitational-wave strain of 1.0×10−21.
  5. ^ Pohl, R.; et al. (July 2010). "The size of the proton". Nature. 466 (7303): 213–6. Bibcode:2010Natur.466..213P. doi:10.1038/nature09250. PMID 20613837. S2CID 4424731.
  6. ^ a b c d Strassler, Matt (30 May 2013). "The strength of the known forces". profmattstrassler.com.
  7. ^ a b c d Kolena. "The four forces: The strong interaction". Astrophysics Dept website. Duke University.
  8. ^ Nave, Carl R. "Scattering cross section". Retrieved 10 February 2009. (diameter of the scattering cross section of an 11 MeV proton with a target proton)
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  10. ^ H. E. Smith. "The Scale of the Universe". UCSD. Retrieved 10 February 2009. ~10−13cm
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  19. ^ Seth, S.D.; Seth, Vimlesh (2009). Textbook of Pharmacology (3rd ed.). Elsevier. p. X111. ISBN 978-81-312-1158-8.
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  32. ^ a b . Niagara Parks Commission. Archived from the original on 19 July 2011. Retrieved 29 June 2011.
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External links

  • How Big Are Things? – displays orders of magnitude in successively larger rooms.
  • – Travel across the Universe.
  • (Digital Nature Agency).
  • Scale of the universe – interactive guide to length magnitudes
  • Video (4:29) on YouTube – Orders of Magnitude (March 2020).
February 22, 2023
orders, magnitude, length, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, orders, magnitude, length, news, newspape. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Orders of magnitude length news newspapers books scholar JSTOR January 2020 Learn how and when to remove this template message The following are examples of orders of magnitude for different lengths Graphical overview of sizes Contents 1 Overview 2 Detailed list 2 1 Subatomic scale 2 2 Atomic to cellular scale 2 3 Cellular to human scale 2 4 Human to astronomical scale 2 5 Astronomical scale 3 Less than 1 zeptometre 4 1 zeptometre 5 10 zeptometres 6 100 zeptometres 7 1 attometre 8 10 attometres 9 100 attometres 10 1 femtometre 11 10 femtometres 12 100 femtometres 13 1 picometre 14 10 picometres 15 100 picometres 16 1 nanometre 17 10 nanometres 18 100 nanometres 19 1 micrometre 20 10 micrometres 21 100 micrometres 22 1 millimetre 23 1 centimetre 24 1 decimetre 24 1 Conversions 24 2 Wavelengths 24 3 Human defined scales and structures 24 4 Nature 24 5 Astronomical 25 1 metre 25 1 Conversions 25 2 Human defined scales and structures 25 3 Sports 25 4 Nature 25 5 Astronomical 26 1 decametre 26 1 Conversions 26 2 Human defined scales and structures 26 3 Sports 26 4 Nature 26 5 Astronomical 27 1 hectometre 27 1 Conversions 27 2 Human defined scales and structures 27 3 Sports 27 4 Nature 27 5 Astronomical 28 1 kilometre 28 1 Conversions 28 2 Human defined scales and structures 28 3 Geographical 28 4 Astronomical 29 10 kilometres 29 1 Conversions 29 2 Sports 29 3 Human defined scales and structures 29 4 Geographical 29 5 Astronomical 30 100 kilometres 30 1 Conversions 30 2 Human defined scales and structures 30 3 Geographical 30 4 Astronomical 31 1 megametre 31 1 Conversions 31 2 Human defined scales and structures 31 3 Sports 31 4 Geographical 31 5 Astronomical 32 10 megametres 32 1 Conversions 32 2 Human defined scales and structures 32 3 Geographical 32 4 Astronomical 33 100 megametres 34 1 gigametre 35 10 gigametres 36 100 gigametres 37 1 terametre 38 10 terametres 39 100 terametres 40 1 petametre 41 10 petametres 42 100 petametres 43 1 exametre 44 10 exametres 45 100 exametres 46 1 zettametre 47 10 zettametres 48 100 zettametres 49 1 yottametre 50 10 yottametres 51 100 yottametres 52 1 ronnametre 53 See also 54 Notes 55 References 56 External linksOverview EditScale Range m Unit Example items lt Subatomic 0 Gravitational singularity10 36 10 33 ℓP Fixed value not a range Quantum foam string10 18 10 15 am proton neutron pionAtomic to cellular 10 15 10 12 fm Atomic nucleus10 12 10 9 pm Wavelength of gamma rays and X rays hydrogen atom10 9 10 6 nm DNA helix virus wavelength of optical spectrum transistors used in CPUsCellular to human 10 6 10 3 mm Bacterium fog water droplet human hair s diameter note 1 10 3 1 mm Mosquito golf ball domestic cat violin footballHuman to astronomical 1 103 m Piano human automobile sperm whale football field Eiffel Tower103 106 km Mount Everest length of Panama Canal and Trans Siberian Railway larger asteroidAstronomical 106 109 Mm The Moon Earth one light second109 1012 Gm Sun one light minute Earth s orbit1012 1015 Tm Orbits of outer planets Solar System1015 1018 Pm A light year the distance to Proxima Centauri1018 1021 Em Galactic arm1021 1024 Zm Milky Way distance to Andromeda Galaxy1024 1027 Ym Huge LQG Hercules Corona Borealis Great Wall Observable universeDetailed list EditTo help compare different orders of magnitude the following list describes various lengths between 1 6 10 35 displaystyle 1 6 times 10 35 metres and 10 10 10 122 displaystyle 10 10 10 122 metres Subatomic scale Edit Factor m Multiple Value Item0 0 0 Singularity10 35 1 Planck length 0 0000162 qm Planck length typical scale of hypothetical loop quantum gravity or size of a hypothetical string and of branes according to string theory lengths smaller than this do not make any physical sense 1 Quantum foam is thought to exist at this scale 10 24 1 yoctometre ym 142 ym Effective cross section radius of 1 MeV neutrinos 2 10 21 1 zeptometre zm Preons hypothetical particles proposed as subcomponents of quarks and leptons the upper bound for the width of a cosmic string in string theory7 zm Effective cross section radius of high energy neutrinos 3 310 zm De Broglie wavelength of protons at the Large Hadron Collider 4 TeV as of 2012 update 10 18 1 attometre am Upper limit for the size of quarks and electronsSensitivity of the LIGO detector for gravitational waves 4 Upper bound of the typical size range for fundamental strings 1 10 17 10 am Range of the weak force10 16 100 am 850 am Approximate proton radius 5 Atomic to cellular scale Edit Factor m Multiple Value Item10 15 1 femtometre fm fermi 1 fm Approximate limit of the gluon mediated color force between quarks 6 7 1 5 fm Effective cross section radius of an 11 MeV proton 8 2 81794 fm Classical electron radius 9 3 fm Approximate limit of the meson mediated nuclear binding force 6 7 1 75 to 15 fm Diameter range of the atomic nucleus 1 10 10 12 1 picometre pm 0 75 to 0 8225 pm Longest wavelength of gamma rays1 pm Distance between atomic nuclei in a white dwarf2 4 pm Compton wavelength of electron5 pm Wavelength of shortest X rays10 11 10 pm28 pm Radius of helium atom53 pm Bohr radius radius of a hydrogen atom 10 10 100 pm 100 pm 1 angstrom also covalent radius of sulfur atom 11 154 pm Length of a typical covalent bond C C 280 pm Average size of the water molecule actual lengths may vary 500 pm Width of protein a helix10 9 1 nanometre nm 1 nm Diameter of a carbon nanotube 12 Diameter of smallest transistor gate as of 2016 13 2 nm Diameter of the DNA helix 14 2 5 nm Smallest microprocessor transistor gate oxide thickness as of January 2007 update citation needed 3 4 nm Length of a DNA turn 10 bp 15 6 10 nm Thickness of cell membrane10 8 10 nm 10 nm Thickness of cell wall in Gram negative bacteria citation needed 10 nm As of 2016 update the 10 nanometre was the smallest semiconductor device fabrication node 16 40 nm Extreme ultraviolet wavelength50 nm Flying height of the head of a hard disk 17 10 7 100 nm 121 6 nm Wavelength of the Lyman alpha line 18 120 nm Typical diameter of the human immunodeficiency virus HIV 19 400 700 nm Approximate wavelength range of visible light 20 Cellular to human scale Edit Factor m Multiple Value Item10 6 1 micrometre mm also called 1 micron 1 4 mm Typical length of a bacterium 21 4 mm Typical diameter of spider silk 22 7 mm Typical size of a red blood cell 23 10 5 10 mm 10 mm Typical size of a fog mist or cloud water droplet10 mm Width of transistors in the Intel 4004 the world s first commercial microprocessor12 mm Width of acrylic fiber17 181 mm Width range of human hair 24 10 4 100 mm 340 mm Size of a pixel on a 17 inch monitor with a resolution of 1024 768560 mm Thickness of the central area of a human cornea 25 750 mm Maximum diameter of Thiomargarita namibiensis the largest bacterium ever discovered as of 2010 update 10 3 1 millimetre mm 5 mm Length of an average flea is 1 10 mm usually lt 5 mm 26 2 54 mm One tenth inch distance between pins in DIP dual inline package electronic components5 70 mm Diameter of the projectile in 5 56 45mm NATO ammunition10 2 1 centimetre cm 20 mm Approximate width of an adult human finger54 mm 86 mm Dimensions of a credit card according to the ISO IEC 7810 ID 1 standard73 75 mm Diameter of a baseball according to Major League Baseball guidelines 27 10 1 1 decimetre dm 120 mm Diameter of a compact disc660 mm Length of the longest pine cones produced by the sugar pine 28 900 mm Average length of a rapier a fencing sword 29 Human to astronomical scale Edit Factor m Multiple Value Item1 metre 1 metre m 1 m exactly Since 1983 defined as length of the path travelled by light in vacuumduring a time interval of 1 299 792 458 of a second See History of the metre for previous definitions 2 72 m Height of Robert Wadlow tallest known human 30 8 38 m Length of a London bus AEC Routemaster 101 1 decametre dam 33 m Length of the longest known blue whale 31 52 m Height of the Niagara Falls 32 93 47 m Height of the Statue of Liberty102 1 hectometre hm 105 m Length of a typical football field137 m 147 m Height present and original of the Great Pyramid of Giza300 m Height of the Eiffel Tower one of the famous monuments of Paris979 m Height of the Salto Angel the world s highest free falling waterfall Venezuela 103 1 kilometre km 2 3 km Length of the Three Gorges Dam the largest dam in the world 33 34 3 1 km Narrowest width of the Strait of Messina separating Italy and Sicily8 848 km Height of Mount Everest the highest mountain on Earth104 10 km 10 9 km Depth of the Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench the deepest known point on Earth s surface27 km Circumference of the Large Hadron Collider as of May 2010 update the largest and highest energy particle accelerator42 195 km Length of a marathon105 100 km 100 km The distance the IAU considers to be the limit to space called the Karman line163 km Length of the Suez Canal connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea491 km Length of the Pyrenees the mountain range separating Spain and France974 6 km Greatest diameter of the dwarf planet Ceres 35 106 1 megametre Mm 2 38 Mm Diameter of dwarf planet Pluto formerly the smallest planet category note 2 in the Solar System3 48 Mm Diameter of the Moon5 2 Mm Typical distance covered by the winner of the 24 Hours of Le Mans automobile endurance race6 371 Mm Average radius of Earth6 378 Mm Equatorial radius of Earth6 4 Mm Length of the Great Wall of China6 6 Mm Approximate length of the two longest rivers the Nile and the Amazon7 821 Mm Length of the Trans Canada Highway9 288 Mm Length of the Trans Siberian Railway longest in the worldAstronomical scale Edit Factor m Multiple Value Item107 10 Mm 12 756 Mm Equatorial diameter of Earth20 004 Mm Length of a meridian on Earth distance between Earth s poles along the surface 36 40 075 Mm Length of Earth s equator108 100 Mm 142 984 Mm Diameter of Jupiter299 792 Mm Distance traveled by light in vacuum in one second a light second exactly 299 792 458 m by definition of the speed of light 384 4 Mm Moon s orbital distance from Earth109 1 gigametre Gm 1 39 Gm Diameter of the Sun5 15 Gm Greatest mileage ever recorded by a car 3 2 million miles by a 1966 Volvo P 1800S 37 1010 10 Gm 18 Gm Approximately one light minute1011 100 Gm 150 Gm 1 astronomical unit au mean distance between Earth and Sun1012 1 terametre Tm 1 3 Tm Optical diameter of Betelgeuse1 4 Tm Orbital distance of Saturn from Sun2 Tm Estimated optical diameter of VY Canis Majoris one of the largest known stars5 9 Tm Orbital distance of Pluto from Sun 7 5 Tm Outer boundary of the Kuiper belt1013 10 Tm Diameter of the Solar System as a whole 1 21 49 Tm Distance of the Voyager 1 spacecraft from Sun as of Oct 2018 update the farthest man made object so far 38 62 03 Tm Estimated radius of the event horizon of the supermassive black hole in NGC 4889 the largest known black hole to date1014 100 Tm 180 Tm Size of the debris disk around the star 51 Pegasi 39 200 Tm Total length of DNA molecules in all cells of an adult human body citation needed 1015 1 petametre Pm 7 5 Pm Supposed outer boundary of the Oort cloud 50 000 au 9 461 Pm Distance traveled by light in vacuum in one year at its current speed Voyager 1 would need 17 500 years to travel this distance1016 10 Pm 30 857 Pm 1 parsec39 9 Pm Distance to nearest star Proxima Centauri 41 3 Pm As of March 2013 distance to nearest discovered extrasolar planet Alpha Centauri Bc 1017 100 Pm 193 Pm As of October 2010 distance to nearest discovered extrasolar planet with potential to support life as we know it Gliese 581 d 615 Pm Approximate radius of humanity s radio bubble caused by high power TV broadcasts leaking through the atmosphere into outer space1018 1 exametre Em 1 9 Em Distance to nearby solar twin HIP 56948 a star with properties virtually identical to our Sun 40 1019 10 Em 9 46 Em Average thickness of Milky Way Galaxy 41 1 000 to 3 000 ly by 21 cm observations 42 1020 100 Em 113 5 Em Thickness of Milky Way Galaxy s gaseous disk 43 1021 1 zettametre Zm 1 54 Zm Distance to SN 1987A the most recent naked eye supernova1 62 Zm Distance to the Large Magellanic Cloud a dwarf galaxy orbiting the Milky Way 1 66 Zm Distance to the Small Magellanic Cloud another dwarf galaxy orbiting the Milky Way 1 9 Zm Diameter of galactic disk of Milky Way Galaxy 44 45 46 47 6 15 Zm Diameter of the low surface brightness disc halo of the giant spiral galaxy Malin 11022 10 Zm 13 25 Zm Radius of the diffuse stellar halo of IC 1101 one of the largest known galaxies24 Zm Distance to Andromeda Galaxy30 857 Zm 1 megaparsec50 Zm Diameter of Local Group of galaxies1023 100 Zm 300 600 Zm Distance to Virgo cluster of galaxies1024 1 yottametre Ym 2 19 Ym Diameter of the Local Supercluster and the largest voids and filaments2 8 Ym End of Greatness 5 Ym Diameter of the Horologium Supercluster 48 9 461 Ym Diameter of the Pisces Cetus Supercluster Complex the supercluster complex where we live1025 10 Ym 13 Ym Length of the Sloan Great Wall a giant wall of galaxies galactic filament 49 30 857 Ym 1 gigaparsec37 84 Ym Length of the Huge LQG a group of 73 quasars1026 100 Ym 95 Ym Estimated light travel distance to certain quasars Length of the Hercules Corona Borealis Great Wall a colossal wall of galaxies the largest and the most massive structure in the observable universe as of 2014127 Ym Estimated light travel distance to GN z11 the most distant object ever observed870 Ym Approximate diameter comoving distance of the visible universe 1 1027 1 Rm 1 2 Rm Lower bound of the possibly infinite radius of the universe if it is a 3 sphere according to one estimate using the WMAP data at 95 confidence 50 It equivalently implies that there are at minimum 21 particle horizon sized volumes in the universe 10 10 115 displaystyle 10 10 115 note 3 10 10 115 displaystyle 10 10 115 Qm 10 10 115 displaystyle 10 10 115 Qm According to the laws of probability the distance one must travel until one encounters a volume of space identical to our observable universe with conditions identical to our own 51 52 10 10 10 122 displaystyle 10 10 10 122 10 10 10 122 displaystyle 10 10 10 122 Qm 10 10 10 122 displaystyle 10 10 10 122 Qm Minimal size of universe after cosmological inflation implied by one resolution of the No Boundary Proposal 53 Less than 1 zeptometre EditThe yoctometre SI symbol ym is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 10 24 metres To help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths shorter than 10 21 m 1 zm 1 6 10 5 quectometres 1 6 10 35 metres the Planck length Measures of distance shorter than this do not make physical sense according to current theories of physics 1 qm 1 quectometre the smallest named subdivision of the metre in the SI base unit of length one nonillionth of a metre 54 1 rm 1 rontometre a subdivision of the metre in the SI base unit of length one octillionth of a metre 54 10 rm the length of one side of a square whose area is one shed a unit of target cross section used in nuclear physics 2 ym the effective cross section radius of 1 MeV neutrinos as measured by Clyde Cowan and Frederick Reines citation needed 1 zeptometre EditThe zeptometre SI symbol zm is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 10 21 metres To help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths between 10 21 m and 10 20 m 1 zm and 10 zm 2 zm the upper bound for the width of a cosmic string in string theory citation needed 2 zm radius of effective cross section for a 20 GeV neutrino scattering off a nucleon citation needed 7 zm radius of effective cross section for a 250 GeV neutrino scattering off a nucleon citation needed 10 zeptometres EditTo help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths between 10 20 m and 10 19 m 10 zm and 100 zm 100 zeptometres EditTo help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths between 10 19 m and 10 18 m 100 zm and 1 am 177 zm de Broglie wavelength of protons at the Large Hadron Collider 7 TeV as of 2010 citation needed 1 attometre EditThe attometre SI symbol am is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 10 18 metres To help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths between 10 18 m and 10 17 m 1 am and 10 am 1 am sensitivity of the LIGO detector for gravitational waves citation needed 1 am upper limit for the size of quarks and electrons citation needed 10 attometres EditTo help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths between 10 17 m and 10 16 m 10 am and 100 am 10 am range of the weak force citation needed 86 am Charge radius of a Bottom eta meson 55 100 attometres EditTo help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths between 10 16 m and 10 15 m 100 am and 1 fm 100 am all lengths shorter than this distance are not confirmed in terms of size citation needed 850 am approximate proton radius citation needed 1 femtometre EditThe femtometre SI symbol fm is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 10 15 metres In particle physics this unit is more commonly called a fermi also with abbreviation fm To help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths between 10 15 metres and 10 14 metres 1 femtometre and 10 fm 1 fm diameter of a neutron approximate range limit of the color force carried between quarks by gluons 6 7 1 5 fm diameter of the scattering cross section of an 11 MeV proton with a target proton citation needed 1 75 fm the effective charge diameter of a proton 56 2 81794 fm classical electron radius 3 fm approximate range limit of the nuclear binding force mediated by mesons 6 7 7 fm the radius of the effective scattering cross section for a gold nucleus scattering a 6 MeV alpha particle over 140 degrees citation needed 10 femtometres EditTo help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths between 10 14 m and 10 13 m 10 fm and 100 fm 1 75 to 15 fm Diameter range of the atomic nucleus citation needed 30 8568 fm 1 quectoparsec 10 30 parsecs 100 femtometres EditTo help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths between 10 13 m and 10 12 m 100 fm and 1 pm 570 fm typical distance from the atomic nucleus of the two innermost electrons electrons in the 1s shell in the uranium atom the heaviest naturally occurring atom1 picometre EditThe picometre SI symbol pm is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 10 12 metres 1 1000 000 000 000 m 0 000000 000 001 m To help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths between 10 12 and 10 11 m 1 pm and 10 pm 1 pm distance between atomic nuclei in a white dwarf citation needed 1 pm reference value of particle displacement in acoustics 57 2 4 pm The Compton wavelength of an electron 5 pm shorter X ray wavelengths approx 10 picometres EditTo help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths between 10 11 and 10 10 m 10 pm and 100 pm 25 pm approximate radius of a helium atom the smallest neutral atom 30 8568 pm 1 rontoparsec 50 pm radius of a hydrogen atom 50 pm bohr radius approximate radius of a hydrogen atom 50 pm best resolution of a high resolution transmission electron microscope 60 pm radius of a carbon atom 93 pm length of a diatomic carbon molecule 96 pm H O bond length in a water molecule100 picometres EditTo help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths between 10 10 and 10 9 m 100 pm and 1 nm 1 A and 10 A 100 pm 1 angstrom 100 pm covalent radius of sulfur atom 120 pm van der Waals radius of a neutral hydrogen atom 120 pm radius of a gold atom 126 pm covalent radius of ruthenium atom 135 pm covalent radius of technetium atom 150 pm Length of a typical covalent bond C C 153 pm covalent radius of silver atom 155 pm covalent radius of zirconium atom 175 pm covalent radius of thulium atom 200 pm highest resolution of a typical electron microscope 225 pm covalent radius of caesium atom 280 pm Average size of the water molecule 298 pm radius of a caesium atom calculated to be the largest atomic radius except possibly francium 340 pm thickness of single layer graphene 356 68 pm width of diamond unit cell 403 pm width of lithium fluoride unit cell 500 pm Width of protein a helix 543 pm silicon lattice spacing 560 pm width of sodium chloride unit cell 700 pm width of glucose molecule 700 pm diameter of a buckyball 58 780 pm mean width of quartz unit cell 820 pm mean width of ice unit cell 900 pm mean width of coesite unit cell1 nanometre EditThe nanometre SI symbol nm is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 10 9 metres 1 1000 000 000 m 0 000000 001 m To help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths between 10 9 and 10 8 m 1 nm and 10 nm 1 nm diameter of a carbon nanotube 1 nm roughly the length of a sucrose molecule calculated by Albert Einstein 2 3 nm length of a phospholipid 2 3 nm smallest gate oxide thickness in microprocessors 3 nm width of a DNA helix 3 nm flying height of the head of a hard disk 3 nm as of 2019 update the average half pitch of a memory cell expected to be manufactured circa 2022 3 4 nm length of a DNA turn 10 bp 3 8 nm size of an albumin molecule 5 nm size of the gate length of a 16 nm processor 5 nm as of October 2018 update the average half pitch of a memory cell manufactured circa 2019 2020 6 nm length of a phospholipid bilayer 6 10 nm thickness of cell membrane 6 8 nm width of a haemoglobin molecule 7 nm diameter of actin filaments 7 nm the average half pitch of a memory cell manufactured circa 2018 10 nm Thickness of cell wall in Gram negative bacteria10 nanometres EditTo help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths between 10 8 and 10 7 m 10 nm and 100 nm 10 nm the average length of a nanowire 10 nm lower size of tobacco smoke 59 10 nm the average half pitch of a memory cell manufactured circa 2016 2017 13 nm the length of the wavelength that is used for EUV lithography 14 nm Length of a porcine circovirus 14 nm the average half pitch of a memory cell manufactured circa 2013 15 nm Length of an antibody 18 nm diameter of tobacco mosaic virus 60 Generally viruses range in size from 20 nm to 450 nm citation needed 20 nm Length of a nanobe could be one of the smallest forms of life 20 80 nm thickness of cell wall in Gram positive bacteria 61 20 nm thickness of bacterial flagellum 22 nm the average half pitch of a memory cell manufactured circa 2011 2012 22 nm Smallest feature size of production microprocessors in September 2009 62 25 nm diameter of a microtubule 30 nm lower size of cooking oil smoke 30 8568 nm 1 yoctoparsec 32 nm the average half pitch of a memory cell manufactured circa 2009 2010 40 nm extreme ultraviolet wavelength 45 nm the average half pitch of a memory cell manufactured circa 2007 2008 50 nm upper size for airborne virus particles 50 nm flying height of the head of a hard disk 63 65 nm the average half pitch of a memory cell manufactured circa 2005 2006 58 nm height of a T7 bacteriophage 90 nm Human immunodeficiency virus HIV generally viruses range in size from 20 nm to 450 nm 90 nm the average half pitch of a memory cell manufactured circa 2002 2003 100 nm Length of a mesoporous silica nanoparticle100 nanometres Edit Comparison of sizes of semiconductor manufacturing process nodes with some microscopic objects and visible light wavelengths At this scale the width of a human hair is about 10 times that of the image 64 To help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths between 10 7 and 10 6 m 100 nm and 1 mm 100 nm greatest particle size that can fit through a surgical mask 65 100 nm 90 of particles in wood smoke are smaller than this citation needed 120 nm greatest particle size that can fit through a ULPA filter citation needed 120 nm diameter of a human immunodeficiency virus HIV 66 120 nm approximate diameter of SARS CoV 2 67 125 nm standard depth of pits on compact discs width 500 nm length 850 nm to 3 5 mm 180 nm typical length of the rabies virus 200 nm typical size of a Mycoplasma bacterium among the smallest bacteria 300 400 nm near ultraviolet wavelength 300 nm greatest particle size that can fit through a HEPA high efficiency particulate air filter N100 removes up to 99 97 at 0 3 micrometres N95 removes up to 95 at 0 3 micrometres citation needed 400 420 nm wavelength of violet light see Color and Visible spectrum 420 440 nm wavelength of indigo light 440 500 nm wavelength of blue light 500 520 nm wavelength of cyan light 520 565 nm wavelength of green light 565 590 nm wavelength of yellow light 590 625 nm wavelength of orange light 625 700 nm wavelength of red light 700 1 4 mm wavelength of near infrared radiation1 micrometre Edit The silk for a spider s web is 5 7 mm 0 00020 0 00028 in wide The micrometre SI symbol mm is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 10 6 metres 1 1000 000 m 0 000001 m To help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists some items with lengths between 10 6 and 10 5 m between 1 and 10 micrometres or mm 0 7 300 mm wavelength of infrared radiation 1 mm the side of a square of area 10 12 m2 1 mm edge of cube of volume 10 18 m3 1 fL 1 10 mm diameter of a typical bacterium citation needed 1 mm length of a lysosome 1 2 mm anthrax spore 68 2 mm length of an average E coli bacteria 3 4 mm size of a typical yeast cell 69 5 mm length of a typical human spermatozoon s head 70 6 mm thickness of the tape in a 120 minute C120 compact cassette 71 7 mm diameter of the nucleus of a typical eukaryotic cell citation needed about 7 mm diameter of human red blood cells 72 3 8 mm width of strand of spider web silk 73 5 10 mm width of a chloroplast 74 8 11 mm size of a ground level fog or mist droplet 75 note 4 10 micrometres Edit Fog particles are around 10 50 mm 0 00039 0 00197 in long To help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths between 10 5 m and 10 4 m 10 mm and 100 mm 10 mm width of cotton fibre 76 10 mm tolerance of a Lego brick 77 10 mm transistor width of the Intel 4004 the world s first commercial microprocessor 10 mm mean longest dimension of a human red blood cell citation needed 5 20 mm dust mite excreta 78 10 6 mm wavelength of light emitted by a carbon dioxide laser 15 mm width of silk fibre citation needed 17 mm minimum width of a strand of human hair 24 17 6 mm one twip a unit of length in typography 10 to 55 mm width of wool fibre 76 25 4 mm 1 1 000 inch commonly referred to as 1 mil in the U S and 1 thou in the UK 30 mm length of a human skin cell 30 8568 mm 1 zeptoparsec 50 mm typical length of Euglena gracilis a flagellate protist citation needed 50 mm typical length of a human liver cell an average sized body cell citation needed 50 mm length of a silt particle 60 mm length of a sperm cell 70 to 180 mm thickness of paper100 micrometres Edit A paramecium is around 300 mm 0 012 in long To help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths between 10 4 m and 10 3 m 100 mm and 1 mm The term myriometre abbr mom equivalent to 100 micrometres frequently confused with the myriametre 10 kilometres 79 is deprecated the decimal metric prefix myrio 80 is obsolete 81 82 83 and was not included among the prefixes when the International System of Units was introduced in 1960 100 mm 1 10 of a millimetre 100 mm 0 00394 inches 100 mm smallest distance that can be seen with the naked eye 100 mm average diameter of a strand of human hair 24 100 mm thickness of a coat of paint 100 mm length of a dust particle 120 mm the geometric mean of the Planck length and the diameter of the observable universe 8 8 1026 m 1 6 10 35 m 120 mm diameter of a human ovum 170 mm length of the largest sperm cell in nature belonging to the Drosophila bifurca fruit fly 84 85 181 mm maximum width of a strand of human hair 24 100 400 mm length of Demodex mites living in human hair follicles 175 200 mm typical thickness of a solar cell 200 mm typical length of Paramecium caudatum a ciliate protist 200 mm nominal width of the smallest commonly available mechanical pencil lead 0 2 mm 250 300 mm length of a dust mite 86 340 mm length of a pixel on a 17 inch monitor with a resolution of 1024 768 500 mm typical length of Amoeba proteus an amoeboid protist 500 mm MEMS micro engine citation needed 500 mm average length of a grain of sand 500 mm average length of a grain of salt 500 mm average length of a grain of sugar 560 mm thickness of the central area of a human cornea 25 750 mm diameter of a Thiomargarita namibiensis the largest bacteria known 87 760 mm thickness of an identification card1 millimetre Edit An average red ant is about 5 mm 0 20 in long 1mm redirects here For the Perfume song see Level3 Perfume album For the measure see millimetre The millimetre SI symbol mm is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 10 3 metres 1 1000 m 0 001 m To help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths between 10 3 m and 10 2 m 1 mm and 1 cm 1 0 mm 1 1 000 of a metre 1 0 mm 0 03937 inches or 5 127 exactly 1 0 mm side of a square of area 1 mm 1 0 mm diameter of a pinhead 1 5 mm average length of a flea 26 2 54 mm distance between pins on old dual in line package DIP electronic components 5 mm length of an average red ant 5 mm diameter of an average grain of rice 5 56 45mm NATO standard ammunition size 6 mm approximate width of a pencil 7 mm length of a Paedophryne amauensis the smallest known vertebrate 88 7 1 mm length of a sunflower seed 7 62 51mm NATO common military ammunition size 89 8 mm width of old format home movie film 8 mm length of a Paedocypris progenetica the smallest known fish 90 1 centimetre Edit An average human fingernail is 1 cm 0 39 in wide 10 mm redirects here For firearms cartridges see 10 mm calibre The centimetre SI symbol cm is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 10 2 metres 1 100 m 0 01 m To help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths between 10 2 m and 10 1 m 1 cm and 1 dm 1 cm 10 millimetres 1 cm 0 39 inches 1 cm edge of a square of area 1 cm2 1 cm edge of a cube of volume 1 mL 1 cm length of a coffee bean 1 cm approximate width of average fingernail 1 2 cm length of a bee 1 2 cm diameter of a die 1 5 cm length of a very large mosquito 1 6 cm length of a Jaragua Sphaero a very small reptile 1 7 cm length of a Thorius arboreus the smallest salamander 91 2 cm approximate width of an adult human finger 2 54 cm 1 inch 3 08568 cm 1 attoparsec 3 4 cm length of a quail egg 92 3 5 cm width of film commonly used in motion pictures and still photography 3 78 cm amount of distance the Moon moves away from Earth each year 93 4 3 cm minimum diameter of a golf ball 94 5 cm usual diameter of a chicken egg 5 cm height of a hummingbird the smallest known bird 5 5 5 5 5 5 cm dimensions of a 3x3x3 Rubik s cube 6 1 cm average height of an apple 7 3 7 5 cm diameter of a baseball 27 8 6 cm 5 4 cm dimensions of a standard credit card citation needed 9 cm length of a speckled padloper the smallest known turtle1 decimetre Edit 10cm redirects here For the band see 10cm band An adult human foot is about 28 cm 11 in long The decimetre SI symbol dm is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 10 1 metres 1 10 m 0 1 m To help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths between 10 centimetres and 100 centimetres 10 1 metre and 1 metre Conversions Edit 10 centimetres abbreviated to 10 cm is equal to 1 decimetre dm a term not in common use 1 L 1 dm3 100 millimetres 3 9 inches a side of a square of area 0 01 m2 the edge of a cube with a volume of 1 10 3 m3 1 L Wavelengths Edit 10 cm 1 0 dm wavelength of the highest UHF radio frequency 3 GHz 12 cm 1 2 dm wavelength of the 2 45 GHz ISM radio band 21 cm 2 1 dm wavelength of the 1 4 GHz hydrogen emission line a hyperfine transition of the hydrogen atom 100 cm 10 dm wavelength of the lowest UHF radio frequency 300 MHzHuman defined scales and structures Edit 10 16 cm 1 016 dm 1 hand used in measuring height of horses 4 inches 12 cm 1 2 dm diameter of a compact disc CD 120 mm 15 cm 1 5 dm length of a Bic pen with cap on 22 cm 2 2 dm diameter of a typical association football soccer ball 30 cm 3 dm typical school use ruler length 300 mm 30 48 cm 3 048 dm 1 foot measure 60 cm 6 dm standard depth front to back of a domestic kitchen worktop in Europe 600 mm 90 cm 9 dm average length of a rapier a fencing sword 29 91 44 cm 9 144 dm one yard measure Nature Edit 10 cm 1 dm diameter of the human cervix upon entering the second stage of labour 11 cm 1 1 dm diameter of an average potato in the US 13 cm 1 3 dm body length of a Goliath birdeater 15 cm 1 5 dm approximate size of largest beetle species 19 cm 1 9 dm length of a banana 26 3 cm 2 6 dm length of average male human foot 29 98 cm 2 998 dm distance light in vacuum travels in one nanosecond 30 cm 3 0 dm maximum leg length of a Goliath birdeater 31 cm 3 1 dm wingspan of largest butterfly species Ornithoptera alexandrae 46 cm 4 6 dm length of an average domestic cat 50 to 65 cm 5 6 5 dm a coati s tail 66 cm 6 6 dm length of the longest pine cones produced by the sugar pine 95 Astronomical Edit 84 cm 8 4 dm approximate diameter of 2008 TS26 a meteoroid1 metre Edit 1m redirects here For other uses see 1M Leonardo da Vinci drew the Vitruvian Man within a square of side 1 83 m 6 ft 0 in and a circle about 1 2 m 3 ft 11 in in radius To help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths between one metre and ten metres Light in vacuum travels 1 metre in 1 299 792 458 or 3 3356409519815E 9 of a second Conversions Edit 1 metre is 10 decimetres 100 centimetres 1 000 millimetres 39 37 inches 3 28 feet 1 1 yards side of square with area 1 m2 edge of cube with surface area 6 m2 and volume 1 m3 radius of circle with area p m2 radius of sphere with surface area 4p m2 and volume 4 3p m3Human defined scales and structures Edit 1 m approximate height of the top part of a doorknob on a door 1 m diameter of a very large beach ball 1 435 m standard gauge of railway track used by about 60 of railways in the world 4 ft 81 2 in 2 5 m distance from the floor to the ceiling in an average residential house 96 2 7 m length of the Starr Bumble Bee II the smallest plane 2 77 3 44 m wavelength of the broadcast radio FM band 87 108 MHz 3 05 m the length of an old Mini 8 38 m the length of a London Bus AEC Routemaster Sports Edit 2 44 m height of an association football goal 97 2 45 m highest high jump by a human Javier Sotomayor 98 3 05 m 10 feet height of the basket in basketball 8 95 m longest long jump by a human Mike Powell 99 Nature Edit 1 m height of Homo floresiensis the Hobbit 1 15 m a pizote mammal 1 63 m 5 feet 4 inches or 64 inches height of average U S female human as of 2002 update source U S Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC 1 75 m 5 feet 8 inches height of average U S male human as of 2002 update source U S CDC as per female above 2 5 m height of a sunflower 2 72 m 8 feet 11 inches tallest known human Robert Wadlow 30 3 63 m the record wingspan for living birds a wandering albatross 5 m length of an elephant 5 2 m height of a giraffe 100 5 5 m height of a Baluchitherium the largest land mammal ever lived 6 5 m wingspan of Argentavis the largest flying bird known 7 4 m wingspan of Pelagornis the bird with longest wingspan ever 101 7 5 m approximate length of the human gastrointestinal tractAstronomical Edit 3 6 m approximate diameter of 2003 SQ222 a meteoroid 4 1 m diameter of 2008 TC3 a small asteroid that flew into the Earth s atmosphere on October 7 2008 102 1 decametre Edit A blue whale has been measured as 33 m 108 ft long this drawing compares its length to that of a human diver and a dolphin The decametre SI symbol dam is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 10 metres 101 m To help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths between 10 and 100 metres Conversions Edit 10 metres very rarely termed a decametre which is abbreviated as dam is equal to 10 metres 100 decimetres 1 000 centimetres 10 000 millimetres 32 8 feet 11 yards side of a square with area 100 m Human defined scales and structures Edit 10 metres wavelength of the highest shortwave radio frequency 30 MHz 23 metres height of the obelisk of the Place de la Concorde Paris France 25 metres wavelength of the broadcast radio shortwave band at 12 MHz 29 metres height of the lighthouse at Savudrija Croatia 31 metres wavelength of the broadcast radio shortwave band at 9 7 MHz 32 metres length of one arcsecond of latitude on the surface of the Earth 34 metres height of the Split Point Lighthouse in Aireys Inlet Victoria Australia 40 metres average depth beneath the seabed of the Channel tunnel 49 metres wavelength of the broadcast radio shortwave band at 6 1 MHz 50 metres length of a road train 55 metres height of the Leaning Tower of Pisa 62 5 metres height of Pyramid of Djoser 64 metres wingspan of a Boeing 747 400 69 metres wingspan of an Antonov An 124 Ruslan 70 metres length of the Bayeux Tapestry 70 metres width of a typical association football field 77 metres wingspan of a Boeing 747 8 88 4 metres wingspan of an Antonov An 225 Mriya transport aircraft 93 metres height of the Statue of Liberty 96 metres height of Big Ben 100 metres wavelength of the lowest shortwave radio frequency 3 MHzSports Edit 11 metres approximate width of a doubles tennis court 15 metres width of a standard FIBA basketball court 15 24 metres width of an NBA basketball court 50 feet 18 44 metres distance between the front of the pitcher s rubber and the rear point of home plate on a baseball field 60 feet 6 inches 103 20 metres length of cricket pitch 22 yards 104 27 43 metres distance between bases on a baseball field 90 feet 28 metres length of a standard FIBA basketball court 28 65 metres length of an NBA basketball court 94 feet 49 metres width of an American football field 531 3 yards 59 436 metres width of a Canadian football field 65 yards 70 metres typical width of a association football field 91 metres length of an American football field 100 yards measured between the goal lines Nature Edit 10 metres average length of human digestive tract citation needed 12 metres length of a whale shark largest living fish 12 metres wingspan of a Quetzalcoatlus a pterosaur 13 metres length of a giant squid and colossal squid the largest living invertebrates 15 metres approximate distance the tropical circles of latitude are moving towards the equator and the polar circles are moving towards the poles each year due to a natural gradual decrease in the Earth s axial tilt 18 metres height of a Sauroposeidon the tallest known dinosaur 20 metres length of a Leedsichthys the largest known fish to have lived 21 metres height of High Force waterfall in England 33 metres length of a blue whale 105 the largest animal on earth living or extinct in terms of mass 39 metres length of a Supersaurus the longest known dinosaur and longest vertebrate 106 52 metres height of Niagara Falls 32 55 metres length of a bootlace worm the longest known animal 107 66 metres highest possible sea level rise due to a complete melting of all ice on Earth 83 metres height of a Western hemlockAstronomical Edit 30 metres diameter of 1998 KY26 a rapidly spinning meteoroid 30 8568 metres 1 femtoparsec 32 metres approximate diameter of 2008 HJ a small meteoroid1 hectometre Edit The Great Pyramid of Giza is 138 8 m 455 ft high British driver location sign and location marker post on the M27 in Hampshire The location marker posts are installed at 100 metre intervals 108 The hectometre SI symbol hm is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 100 metres 102 m To compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths between 100 metres and 1 000 metres 1 kilometre Conversions Edit 100 metres sometimes termed a hectometre is equal to 328 feet one side of a 1 hectare square a fifth of a modern li a Chinese unit of measurement the approximate distance travelled by light in 300 nanosecondsHuman defined scales and structures Edit 100 metres wavelength of the highest medium wave radio frequency 3 MHz 100 metres spacing of location marker posts on British motorways 138 8 metres height of the Great Pyramid of Giza Pyramid of Cheops 139 metres height of the world s tallest roller coaster Kingda Ka 109 187 metres shortest wavelength of the broadcast radio AM band 1600 kHz 202 metres length of the Szechenyi Chain Bridge connecting Buda and Pest 318 metres height of The New York Times Building 318 9 metres height of the Chrysler Building 328 metres height of Auckland s Sky Tower the tallest free standing structure in the Southern Hemisphere when 330 metres height of the Eiffel Tower including antenna 110 341 metres height of the world s tallest bridge the Millau Viaduct when 390 metres height of the Empire State Building 400 800 metres heights of the world s tallest skyscrapers of the past 80 years when 458 metres length of the Knock Nevis the world s largest supertanker 553 33 metres height of the CN Tower 111 555 metres longest wavelength of the broadcast radio AM band 540 kHz 630 metres height of the KVLY TV mast second tallest structure in the world 646 metres height of the Warsaw radio mast the world s tallest structure until its collapse in 1991 828 metres height of Burj Khalifa world s tallest structure on 17 January 2009 112 1 000 metres wavelength of the lowest mediumwave radio frequency 300 kHzSports Edit 100 metres the distance a very fast human can run in about 10 seconds 100 584 metres length of a Canadian football field between the goal lines 110 yards 91 5 metres 137 metres length of a soccer field 97 105 metres length of football pitch UEFA stadium categories 3 and 4 105 metres length of a typical football field 109 73 metres total length of an American football field 120 yards including the end zones 110 150 metres the width of an Australian football field 135 185 metres the length of an Australian football field 137 16 metres total length of a Canadian football field including the end zones 150 yards Nature Edit 115 5 metres height of the world s tallest tree in 2007 the Hyperion sequoia 113 310 metres maximum depth of Lake Geneva 340 metres distance sound travels in air at sea level in one second see Speed of sound 979 metres height of the Salto Angel the world s highest free falling waterfall Venezuela 1500 metres distance sound travels in water in one secondAstronomical Edit 270 metres length of 99942 Apophis 535 metres length of 25143 Itokawa 114 a small asteroid visited by a spacecraft1 kilometre Edit Mount Fuji is 3 776 kilometres 2 346 mi high The kilometre SI symbol km is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 1000 metres 103 m To help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths between 1 kilometre and 10 kilometres 103 and 104 metres Conversions Edit 1 kilometre unit symbol km is equal to 1 000 metres 0 621371 miles 1 093 61 yards 3 280 84 feet 39 370 1 inches 100 000 centimetres 1 000 000 millimetres Side of a square of area 1 km2 Radius of a circle of area p km2Human defined scales and structures Edit 1 km wavelength of the highest long wave radio frequency 300 kHz 115 1 280 km span of the Golden Gate Bridge distance between towers 116 1 609 km 1 statute mile 1 852 km 1 nautical mile equal to 1 arcminute of latitude at the surface of the Earth 117 1 991 km span of the Akashi Kaikyō Bridge 118 2 309 km axial length of the Three Gorges Dam the largest dam in the world 33 3 991 km length of the Akashi Kaikyō Bridge longest suspension bridge in the world as of December 2008 update 119 5 072 km height of Tanggula Mountain Pass below highest peak in the Tanggula Mountains highest railway pass in the world as of August 2005 update 120 5 727 km height of Cerro Aucanquilcha highest road in the world located in Chile 121 failed verification 98 airports have paved runways from 4 km to 5 5 km in length 8 km length of Palm Jebel Ali an artificial island built off the coast of Dubai 9 8 km length of The World an artificial archipelago that is also built off the coast of Dubai whose islands resemble a world mapGeographical Edit This section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed March 2011 Learn how and when to remove this template message See also List of highest mountains on Earth 1 637 km deepest dive of Lake Baikal in Russia the world s largest freshwater lake 122 2 228 km height of Mount Kosciuszko highest point on mainland Australia 123 Most of Manhattan is from 3 to 4 km wide 4 810 km height of Mont Blanc highest peak in the Alps 4 884 km height of Carstensz Pyramid highest peak in Oceania 124 4 892 km height of Mount Vinson highest peak in Antarctica 5 610 km height of Mount Damavand highest peak in Iran 5 642 km height of Mount Elbrus highest peak in Europe 5 895 km height of Mount Kilimanjaro highest peak in Africa 6 081 km height of Mount Logan highest peak in Canada 6 190 km height of Denali highest peak in North America 6 959 km height of Aconcagua highest peak in South America 7 5 km depth of Cayman Trench deepest point in the Caribbean Sea 8 848 km height of Mount Everest highest peak on Earth on the border between Nepal and ChinaAstronomical Edit 1 km diameter of 1620 Geographos 1 km very approximate size of the smallest known moons of Jupiter 1 4 km diameter of Dactyl the first confirmed asteroid moon 4 8 km diameter of 5535 Annefrank an inner belt asteroid 5 km diameter of 3753 Cruithne 5 km length of PSR B1257 12 8 km diameter of Themisto one of Jupiter s moons 8 km diameter of the Vela Pulsar 8 6 km diameter of Callirrhoe also known as Jupiter XVII 9 737 km length of PSR B1919 2110 kilometres Edit The Strait of Gibraltar is 13 km 8 1 mi wide To help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths between 10 and 100 kilometres 104 to 105 metres The myriametre 125 sometimes also spelled myriometre 10 000 metres is a deprecated unit name the decimal metric prefix myria 80 sometimes also written as myrio 126 127 128 is obsolete 81 82 83 and not included among the prefixes when the International System of Units was introduced in 1960 Conversions Edit 10 kilometres is equal to Distance marker on the Rhine 36 XXXVI myriametres from Basel The stated distance is 360 km 220 mi the comma is the decimal separator in Germany 10 000 metres 6 2 miles 1 mil the Scandinavian mile now standardized as 10 km 1 mil the unit of measure commonly used in Norway and Sweden 129 used to be 11 295 m in Norway and 10 688 m in Sweden farsang unit of measure commonly used in Iran and Turkey 130 Sports Edit 42 195 km length of the marathon 131 Human defined scales and structures Edit 18 km cruising altitude of Concorde 27 km circumference of the Large Hadron Collider as of May 2010 update the largest and highest energy particle accelerator 34 668 km highest manned balloon flight Malcolm D Ross and Victor E Prather on 4 May 1961 132 38 422 km length of the Second Lake Pontchartrain Causeway in Louisiana US 39 km undersea portion of the Channel tunnel 53 9 km length of the Seikan Tunnel as of October 2009 update the longest rail tunnel in the world 133 77 km rough total length of the Panama Canal 134 Geographical Edit 10 km height of Mauna Kea in Hawaii measured from its base on the ocean floor 11 km deepest known point of the ocean Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench 11 km average height of the troposphere 14 km width of the Gibraltar strait 21 km length of Manhattan 23 km depth of the largest earthquake ever recorded in the United Kingdom in 1931 at the Dogger Bank of the North Sea 34 km narrowest width of the English Channel at the Strait of Dover 50 km approximate height of the stratosphere 90 km width of the Bering StraitAstronomical Edit 10 km diameter of the most massive neutron stars 3 5 solar masses 13 km mean diameter of Deimos the smaller moon of Mars 20 km diameter of the least massive neutron stars 1 44 solar masses 20 km diameter of Leda one of Jupiter s moons 20 km diameter of Pan one of Saturn s moons 22 km diameter of Phobos the larger moon of Mars 27 km height of Olympus Mons above the Mars reference level 135 136 the highest known mountain of the Solar System 30 8568 km 1 picoparsec 43 km diameter difference of Earth s equatorial bulge 66 km diameter of Naiad the innermost of Neptune s moons100 kilometres Edit The Suez Canal is 163 km 101 mi long A length of 100 kilometres about 62 miles as a rough amount is relatively common in measurements on Earth and for some astronomical objects It is the altitude at which the FAI defines spaceflight to begin To help compare orders of magnitude this section lists lengths between 100 and 1 000 kilometres 105 and 106 metres Conversions Edit A distance of 100 kilometres is equal to about 62 miles or 62 13711922 miles Human defined scales and structures Edit 100 km the Karman line the internationally recognized boundary of outer space 105 km distance from Giridih to Bokaro 109 km length of High Speed 1 between London and the Channel Tunnel 137 130 km range of a Scud A missile 163 km length of the Suez Canal 164 km length of the Danyang Kunshan Grand Bridge 213 km length of Paris Metro 217 km length of the Grand Union Canal 223 km length of the Madrid Metro 300 km range of a Scud B missile 386 km altitude of the International Space Station 408 km length of the London Underground active track 460 km distance from London to Paris 470 km distance from Dublin to London as the crow flies 600 km range of a Scud C missile 600 km height above ground of the Hubble Space Telescope 804 67 km 500 miles distance of the Indy 500 automobile raceGeographical Edit 111 km distance covered by one degree of latitude on Earth s surface 180 km distance between Mumbai and Nashik 203 km length of Sognefjorden the third largest fjord in the world 220 km distance between Pune and Nashik 240 km widest width of the English Channel 430 km length of the Pyrenees 500 km widest width of Sweden from east to west 550 km distance from San Francisco to Los Angeles as the crow flies 560 km distance of Bordeaux Paris formerly when the longest one day professional cycling race 138 590 km length of land boundary between Finland and Sweden 724 km length of the Om River 871 km distance from Sydney to Melbourne along the Hume Highway 897 km length of the River Douro 900 km distance from Berlin to Stockholm 956 km distance from Washington D C to Chicago Illinois as the crow fliesAstronomical Edit 100 km the altitude at which the FAI defines spaceflight to begin 167 km diameter of Amalthea one of Jupiter s inner moons 200 km width of Valles Marineris 220 km diameter of Phoebe the largest of Saturn s outer moons 300 km the approximate distance travelled by light in one millisecond 340 km diameter of Nereid the third largest moon of Neptune 350 km lower bound of Low Earth orbit 420 km diameter of Proteus the second largest moon of Neptune 468 km diameter of the asteroid 4 Vesta 472 km diameter of Miranda one of Uranus s major moons 974 6 km greatest diameter of 1 Ceres 35 the largest Solar System asteroid note 2 1 megametre Edit Small planets the Moon and dwarf planets in the Solar System have diameters from one to ten million metres Top row Mars left Mercury right bottom row Moon left Pluto center and Haumea right to scale The megametre SI symbol Mm is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 1000 000 metres 106 m To help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths starting at 106 m 1 Mm or 1 000 km Conversions Edit 1 megametre is equal to 1 E 6 m one million metres approximately 621 37 miles Side of square with area 1 000 000 km2Human defined scales and structures Edit 2 100 Mm Length of proposed gas pipeline from Iran to India via Pakistan 2 100 Mm Distance from Casablanca to Rome 2 288 Mm Length of the official Alaska Highway when it was built in the 1940s 139 3 069 Mm Length of Interstate 95 from Houlton Maine to Miami Florida 3 846 Mm Length of U S Route 1 from Fort Kent Maine to Key West Florida 5 000 Mm Width of the United States 5 007 Mm Estimated length of Interstate 90 Seattle Washington to Boston Massachusetts 5 614 Mm Length of the Australian Dingo Fence 140 6 371 Mm Global average Earth radius 6 4 Mm Length of the Great Wall of China 7 821 Mm Length of the Trans Canada Highway the world s longest national highway from Victoria British Columbia to St John s Newfoundland 8 836 Mm Road distance between Prudhoe Bay Alaska and Key West Florida the endpoints of the U S road network 8 852 Mm Aggregate length of the Great Wall of China including trenches hills and rivers 141 9 259 Mm Length of the Trans Siberian railway 142 Sports Edit The Munda Biddi Trail in WA Australia is over 1 000 km long the world s longest off road cycle trail 1 200 Mm the length of the Paris Brest Paris bicycling event Several endurance auto races are or were run for 1 000 km Bathurst 1000 1000 km Brands Hatch 1000 km Buenos Aires 1000 km Donington 1000 km Monza 1000 km Nurburgring 1000 km Silverstone 1000 km Spa 1000 km Suzuka 1000 km ZeltwegGeographical Edit 1 010 Mm Distance from San Diego to El Paso as the crow flies 2 000 Mm Distance from Beijing to Hong Kong as the crow flies 2 800 Mm Narrowest width of Atlantic Ocean Brazil West Africa 2 850 Mm Length of the Danube river 2 205 Mm Length of Sweden s total land boundaries 2 515 Mm Length of Norway s total land boundaries 3 690 Mm Length of the Volga river longest in Europe 4 350 Mm Length of the Yellow River 4 800 Mm Widest width of Atlantic Ocean U S Northern Africa 5 100 Mm Distance from Dublin to New York as the crow flies 6 270 Mm Length of the Mississippi Missouri River system 6 380 Mm Length of the Yangtze River 6 400 Mm Length of the Amazon River 6 758 Mm Length of the Nile system longest on Earth 8 200 Mm Approximate Distance from Dublin to San FranciscoAstronomical Edit 1 000 Mm Estimated shortest axis of triaxial dwarf planet Haumea 1 186 Mm Diameter of Charon the largest moon of Pluto 1 280 Mm Diameter of the trans Neptunian object 50000 Quaoar 1 436 Mm Diameter of Iapetus one of Saturn s major moons 1 578 Mm Diameter of Titania the largest of Uranus s moons 1 960 Mm Estimated longest axis of Haumea 2 326 Mm Diameter of the dwarf planet Eris the largest trans Neptunian object found to date 2 376 Mm Diameter of Pluto 2 707 Mm Diameter of Triton largest moon of Neptune 3 122 Mm Diameter of Europa the smallest Galilean satellite of Jupiter 3 476 Mm Diameter of Earth s Moon 3 643 Mm Diameter of Io a moon of Jupiter 4 821 Mm Diameter of Callisto a moon of Jupiter 4 879 Mm Diameter of Mercury 5 150 Mm Diameter of Titan the largest moon of Saturn 5 262 Mm Diameter of Jupiter s moon Ganymede the largest moon in the Solar System 6 371 Mm Radius of Earth 6 792 Mm Diameter of Mars10 megametres Edit Planets from Venus up to Uranus have diameters from ten to one hundred million metres Top row Uranus left Neptune right middle row Earth left Sirius B center and Venus right to scale This section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed April 2007 Learn how and when to remove this template message To help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths starting at 107 metres 10 megametres or 10 000 kilometres Conversions Edit 10 megametres 10 Mm is 6 215 miles side of a square of area 100 000 000 square kilometres km2 radius of a circle of area 314 159 265 km2Human defined scales and structures Edit 11 085 Mm Length of the Kyiv Vladivostok railway a longer variant of the Trans Siberian railway 143 13 300 Mm Length of roads rehabilitated and widened under the National Highway Development Project launched in 1998 in India 39 000 Mm Length of the SEA ME WE 3 optical submarine telecommunications cable joining 39 points between Norden Germany and Okinawa Japan 67 000 Mm Total length of National Highways in India 80 000 Mm 20 000 metric French leagues see Jules Verne Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea Geographical Edit 10 Mm Approximate altitude of the outer boundary of the exosphere 10 001 Mm Length of the meridian arc from the North Pole to the Equator the original definition of the metre was based on this length 60 000 Mm Total length of the mid ocean ridgesAstronomical Edit 12 000 Mm Diameter of Sirius B a white dwarf 144 12 104 Mm Diameter of Venus 12 742 Mm Diameter of Earth 12 900 Mm Minimum distance of the meteoroid 2004 FU162 from the centre of Earth on 31 March 2004 closest on record 14 000 Mm Smallest diameter of Jupiter s Great Red Spot 19 000 Mm Separation between Pluto and Charon 30 8568 Mm 1 nanoparsec 34 770 Mm Minimum distance of the asteroid 99942 Apophis on 13 April 2029 from the centre of Earth 35 786 Mm Altitude of geostationary orbit 40 005 Mm Polar circumference of the Earth 40 077 Mm Equatorial circumference of the Earth 49 528 Mm Diameter of Neptune 51 118 Mm Diameter of Uranus100 megametres Edit The Earth Moon orbit Saturn OGLE TR 122b Jupiter and other objects to scale Click on image for detailed view and links to other length scales Scale model at megametres of the main Solar System bodies To help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths starting at 108 metres 100 megametres or 100 000 kilometres or 62 150 miles 102 Mm Diameter of HD 149026 b an unusually dense Jovian planet 115 Mm Width of Saturn s Rings 120 Mm Diameter of EBLM J0555 57Ab the smallest known star 120 Mm Diameter of Saturn 142 Mm Diameter of Jupiter the largest planet in the Solar System 170 Mm Diameter of TRAPPIST 1 a star recently discovered to have seven planets around it 174 Mm Diameter of OGLE TR 122b 180 Mm Average distance covered during life 196 Mm Diameter of Proxima Centauri a typical red dwarf 257 Mm Diameter of TrES 4 b 272 Mm Diameter of WASP 12b 299 792 Mm One light second the distance light travels in vacuum in one second see speed of light 300 Mm Diameter of WASP 79b 314 Mm Diameter of CT Cha b 384 4 Mm 238 855 mi Average Earth Moon distance 145 671 Mm Separation between Jupiter and Europa 428 Mm Diameter of GQ Lupi b one of the largest known planets 986 Mm Diameter of HD 100546 b s surrounding disk1 gigametre Edit 13 things in the gigametre group Upper part Gamma Orionis Algol B the Sun centre underneath their darker mirror images artist s interpretation and other objects to scale The gigametre SI symbol Gm is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 1000 000 000 metres 109 m To help compare different distances this section lists lengths starting at 109 metres 1 gigametre Gm or 1 billion metres 1 2 Gm Separation between Saturn and Titan 1 39 Gm Diameter of Sun 146 1 5 Gm proposed Expected orbit from Earth of the James Webb Space Telescope 2 19 Gm Closest approach of Comet Lexell to Earth happened on 1 July 1770 closest comet approach on record 3 Gm Total length of wiring in the human brain 147 4 2 Gm Diameter of Algol B 5 0 Gm Closest approach of Comet Halley to Earth happened on 10 April 837 5 0 Gm proposed Size of the arms of the giant triangle shaped Michelson interferometer of the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna LISA planned to start observations sometime in the 2030s 7 9 Gm Diameter of Gamma Orionis 9 0 Gm Estimated diameter of the event horizon of Sagittarius A the supermassive black hole in the center of the Milky Way galaxy10 gigametres Edit Rigel and Aldebaran top left and right compared to smaller stars the Sun very small dot in lower middle with orbit of Mercury as yellow ellipse and transparent sphere with radius of one light minute To help compare different distances this section lists lengths starting at 1010 metres 10 gigametres Gm or 10 million kilometres or 0 07 astronomical units 15 Gm Closest distance of Comet Hyakutake from Earth 18 Gm One light minute see yellow sphere in right hand diagram 24 Gm Radius of a heliostationary orbit 30 8568 Gm 1 microparsec 46 Gm Perihelion distance of Mercury yellow ellipse on the right 55 Gm 60 000 year perigee of Mars last achieved on 27 August 2003 55 Gm Radius of Rigel a blue supergiant star largest star on right 148 58 Gm Average passing distance between Earth and Mars at the moment they overtake each other in their orbits 61 Gm 149 Diameter of Aldebaran an orange giant star large star on right 70 Gm Aphelion distance of Mercury 76 Gm Neso s apocentric distance greatest distance of a natural satellite from its parent planet Neptune 100 gigametres Edit From largest to smallest Jupiter s orbit red supergiant star Betelgeuse Mars orbit Earth s orbit star R Doradus and orbits of Venus Mercury Inside R Doradus s depiction are the blue giant star Rigel and red giant star Aldebaran The faint yellow glow around the Sun represents one light minute Click image to see more details and links to their scales To help compare distances at different orders of magnitude this section lists lengths starting at 1011 metres 100 gigametre or 100 million kilometres or 0 7 astronomical units 109 Gm 0 7 au Distance between Venus and the Sun 149 6 Gm 93 0 million mi 1 0 au Distance between the Earth and the Sun the original definition of the astronomical unit 180 Gm 1 2 au Maximum diameter of Sagittarius A the supermassive black hole in the center of Milky Way galaxy 228 Gm 1 5 au Distance between Mars and the Sun 570 Gm 3 8 au Length of the tail of Comet Hyakutake measured by Ulysses the actual value could be much higher 591 Gm 4 0 au Minimum distance between the Earth and Jupiter 780 Gm 5 2 au Distance between Jupiter and the Sun 947 Gm 6 4 au Diameter of Antares A 965 Gm 6 4 au Maximum distance between the Earth and Jupiter1 terametre Edit 8 things in the terametre group Comparison of size of the Kuiper belt large faint torus with the star VY Canis Majoris within Saturn s orbit Betelgeuse inside Jupiter s orbit and R Doradus small central red sphere together with the orbits of Neptune and Uranus to scale The yellow ellipses represent the orbits of each planet and the dwarf planet Pluto The terametre SI symbol Tm is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 1000 000 000 000 metres 1012 m To help compare different distances this section lists lengths starting at 1012 m 1 Tm or 1 billion km or 6 7 astronomical units 1 079 Tm 7 2 au One light hour 1 4 Tm 9 5 au Distance between Saturn and the Sun 1 5 Tm 10 au Estimated diameter of VV Cephei A a red supergiant 150 1 83 Tm 12 2 au Diameter of HR 5171 A the largest known yellow hypergiant star although the latest research suggests it is a red hypergiant with a diameter about 2 1 Tm 14 au 151 152 2 Tm 13 2 au Estimated diameter of VY Canis Majoris one of the largest known stars 153 2 9 Tm 19 4 au Distance between Uranus and the Sun 4 4 Tm 29 4 au Perihelion distance of Pluto 4 5 Tm 30 1 au Distance between Neptune and the Sun 4 5 Tm 30 1 au Inner radius of the Kuiper belt 5 7 Tm 38 1 au Perihelion distance of Eris 7 3 Tm 48 8 au Aphelion distance of Pluto 7 5 Tm 50 1 au Outer radius of the Kuiper Belt10 terametres Edit Sedna s orbit left is longer than 100 Tm but other lengths are between 10 and 100 Tm Comet Hale Bopp s orbit lower faint orange one light day yellow spherical shell with yellow Vernal point arrow as radius the heliosphere s termination shock blue shell and other arrows show positions of Voyager 1 red and Pioneer 10 green Click on image for larger view and links to other scales To help compare different distances this section lists lengths starting at 1013 m 10 Tm or 10 billion km or 67 astronomical units 10 Tm 67 AU Diameter of a hypothetical quasi star 11 1 Tm 74 2 AU Distance that Voyager 1 began detecting returning particles from termination shock 11 4 Tm 76 2 AU Perihelion distance of 90377 Sedna 12 1 Tm 70 to 90 AU Distance to termination shock Voyager 1 crossed at 94 AU 12 9 Tm 86 3 AU Distance to 90377 Sedna in March 2014 13 2 Tm 88 6 AU Distance to Pioneer 11 in March 2014 14 1 Tm 94 3 AU Estimated radius of the Solar System 14 4 Tm 96 4 AU Distance to Eris in March 2014 now near its aphelion 15 1 Tm 101 AU Distance to heliosheath 16 5 Tm 111 AU Distance to Pioneer 10 as of March 2014 16 6 Tm 111 2 AU Distance to Voyager 2 as of May 2016 20 0 Tm 135 AU Distance to Voyager 1 as of May 2016 20 6 Tm 138 AU Distance to Voyager 1 as of late February 2017 21 1 Tm 141 AU Distance to Voyager 1 as of November 2017 25 9 Tm 173 AU One light day 30 8568 Tm 206 3 AU 1 milliparsec 55 7 Tm 371 AU Aphelion distance of the comet Hale Bopp100 terametres Edit The largest yellow sphere indicates one light month distance from the Sun Click the image for larger view more details and links to other scales This list is incomplete you can help by adding missing items November 2012 To help compare different distances this section lists lengths starting at 1014 m 100 Tm or 100 billion km or 670 astronomical units 140 Tm 937 AU Aphelion distance of 90377 Sedna 172 Tm 1150 AU Schwarzschild diameter of H1821 643 one of the most massive black holes known 181 Tm 1210 AU One light week 308 568 Tm 2063 AU 1 centiparsec 757 Tm 5059 AU radius of the Stingray Nebula 154 777 Tm 5180 AU One light month1 petametre Edit Largest circle with yellow arrow indicates one light year from Sun Cat s Eye Nebula on left and Barnard 68 in middle are depicted in front of Comet 1910 A1 s orbit Click image for larger view details and links to other scales The petametre SI symbol Pm is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 1015 metres To help compare different distances this section lists lengths starting at 1015 m 1 Pm or 1 trillion km or 6685 astronomical units AU or 0 11 light years 1 0 Pm 0 105702341 light years 155 1 9 Pm 0 5 Pm 12 000 AU 0 2 light year radius of Cat s Eye Nebula s inner core 156 3 08568 Pm 20 626 AU 1 deciparsec 4 7 Pm 30 000 AU half light year diameter of Bok globule Barnard 68 157 7 5 Pm 50 000 AU Possible outer boundary of Oort cloud other estimates are 75 000 to 125 000 or even 189 000 AU 1 18 2 and 3 light years respectively 9 5 Pm 63 241 1 AU One light year the distance traveled by light in one year 9 9 Pm 66 000 AU Aphelion distance of the C 1999 F1 Catalina 10 petametres Edit Objects with size order of magnitude 1e16m Ten light years 94 6 Pm radius circle with yellow Vernal Point arrow Bubble Nebula NGC 7635 left Dumbbell Nebula NGC 6853 right one light year shell lower right with the smaller Cat s Eye Nebula NGC 6543 and Barnard 68 adjacent 1e16m lengths Ten light years 94 6 Pm yellow shell Sirius below right BL Ceti below left Proxima and Alpha Centauri upper right light year shell with Comet 1910 A1 s orbit inside top right To help compare different distances this section lists lengths starting at 1016 m 10 Pm or 66 800 AU 1 06 light years 15 Pm 1 59 light years Possible outer radius of Oort cloud 20 Pm 2 11 light years maximum extent of influence of the Sun s gravitational field citation needed 30 9 Pm 3 26 light years 1 parsec 39 9 Pm 4 22 light years Distance to Proxima Centauri nearest star to Sun 81 3 Pm 8 59 light years Distance to Sirius100 petametres Edit Lengths with order of magnitude 1e17m yellow Vernal Point arrow traces hundred light year radius circle with smaller ten light year circle at right globular cluster Messier 5 in background 12 light year radius Orion Nebula middle right 50 light year wide view of the Carina Nebula bottom left Pleiades cluster and Bubble nebula with similar diameters each around 10 light years bottom right grey arrows show distances from Sun to stars Aldebaran 65 light years and Vega 25 light years To help compare different distances this section lists lengths between 1017 m 100 Pm or 11 light years and 1018 m 106 light years 110 Pm 12 light years Distance to Tau Ceti 230 Pm 24 light years Diameter of the Orion Nebula 158 159 240 Pm 25 light years Distance to Vega 260 Pm 27 light years Distance to Chara a star approximately as bright as our Sun Its faintness gives us an idea how our Sun would appear when viewed from even so close a distance as this 308 568 Tm 32 6 light years 1 dekaparsec 350 Pm 37 light years Distance to Arcturus 373 1 Pm 39 44 light years Distance to TRAPPIST 1 a star recently discovered to have 7 planets around it 400 Pm 42 light years Distance to Capella 620 Pm 65 light years Distance to Aldebaran 750 Pm 79 36 light years Distance to Regulus 900 Pm 92 73 light years Distance to Algol1 exametre Edit Lengths with order of magnitude 1e18m thousand light year radius circle with yellow arrow and 100 light year circle at right with globular cluster Messier 5 within and Carina Nebula in front globular cluster Omega Centauri to left of both part of the 1 400 light year wide Tarantula Nebula fills the background The exametre SI symbol Em is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 1018 metres To help compare different distances this section lists lengths between 1018 m 1 Em or 105 7 light years and 1019 m 10 Em or 1 057 light years 1 2 Em 129 light years Diameter of Messier 13 a typical globular cluster 1 6 Em 172 12 5 light years Diameter of Omega Centauri one of the largest known globular clusters perhaps containing over a million stars 160 161 3 08568 Em 326 1 light years 1 hectoparsec 3 1 Em 310 light years Distance to Canopus according to Hipparcos 162 5 7 Em 600 light years Diameter of the Tarantula Nebula citation needed 6 1 Em 640 light years Distance to Betelgeuse according to Hipparcos 163 6 2 Em 650 light years Distance to the Helix Nebula located in the constellation Aquarius 164 7 3 Em 730 light years Distance to Rigel according to Hipparcos 162 10 exametres EditTo help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists distances starting at 10 Em 1019 m or 1 100 light years 10 6 Em 1 120 light years Distance to WASP 96b 13 Em 1 300 light years Distance to the Orion Nebula 165 14 Em 1 500 light years Approximate thickness of the plane of the Milky Way galaxy at the Sun s location 14 2 Em 1 520 light years Diameter of the NGC 604 30 8568 Em 3 261 6 light years 1 kiloparsec 31 Em 3 200 light years Distance to Deneb according to Hipparcos 46 Em 4 900 light years Distance to OGLE TR 56 the first extrasolar planet discovered using the transit method 47 Em 5 000 light years Distance to the Boomerang nebula coldest place known 1 K 53 Em 5 600 light years Distance to the globular cluster M4 and the extrasolar planet PSR B1620 26 b within it 61 Em 6 500 light years Distance to Perseus Spiral Arm next spiral arm out in the Milky Way galaxy 71 Em 7 500 light years Distance to Eta Carinae100 exametres EditTo help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists distances starting at 100 Em 1020 m or 11 000 light years 150 Em 16 000 light years Diameter of the Small Magellanic Cloud a dwarf galaxy orbiting the Milky Way 200 Em 21 500 light years Distance to OGLE 2005 BLG 390Lb the most distant and the most Earth like planet known 240 Em 25 000 light years Distance to the Canis Major Dwarf Galaxy 260 Em 28 000 light years Distance to the center of the Galaxy 830 Em 88 000 light years Distance to the Sagittarius Dwarf Elliptical Galaxy1 zettametre EditThe zettametre SI symbol Zm is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 1021 metres 54 To help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists distances starting at 1 Zm 1021 m or 110 000 light years 1 7 Zm 179 000 light years Distance to the Large Magellanic Cloud largest satellite galaxy of the Milky Way lt 1 9 Zm lt 200 000 light years Revised estimated diameter of the disc of the Milky Way Galaxy The size was previously thought to be half of this 2 0 Zm 210 000 light years Distance to the Small Magellanic Cloud 2 8 Zm 300 000 light years Distance to the Intergalactic Wanderer one of the most distant globular clusters of Milky Way 8 5 Zm 900 000 light years Distance to the Leo I Dwarf Galaxy farthest known Milky Way satellite galaxy10 zettametres EditTo help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists distances starting at 10 Zm 1022 m or 1 1 million light years 24 Zm 2 5 million light years Distance to the Andromeda Galaxy 30 8568 Zm 3 2616 million light years 1 megaparsec 40 Zm 4 2 million light years Distance to the IC 10 a distant member of the Local Group of galaxies 49 2 Zm 5 2 million light years Width of the Local Group of galaxies 95 Zm 10 million light years Distance to the Sculptor Galaxy in the Sculptor Group of galaxies 95 Zm 10 million light years Distance to the Maffei 1 the nearest giant elliptical galaxy in the Maffei 1 Group100 zettametres EditTo help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists distances starting at 100 Zm 1023 m or 11 million light years 140 Zm 15 million light years Distance to Centaurus A galaxy 250 Zm 27 million light years Distance to the Pinwheel Galaxy 280 Zm 30 million light years Distance to the Sombrero Galaxy 570 Zm 60 million light years Approximate distance to the Virgo cluster nearest galaxy cluster 620 Zm 65 million light years Approximate distance to the Fornax cluster 800 Zm 85 million light years Approximate distance to the Eridanus cluster1 yottametre EditThe yottametre SI symbol Ym is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 1024 metres 54 To help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists distances starting at 1 Ym 1024 m or 105 702 million light years 1 2 Ym 127 million light years Distance to the closest observed gamma ray burst GRB 980425 1 3 Ym 137 million light years Distance to the Centaurus Cluster of galaxies the nearest large supercluster 1 9 Ym 201 million light years Diameter of the Local Supercluster 2 3 Ym 225 to 250 million light years Distance light travels in vacuum in one galactic year 2 8 Ym 296 million light years Distance to the Coma Cluster 3 15 Ym 330 million light years Diameter of the Bootes Void 3 2 Ym 338 million light years Distance to Stephan s Quintet 4 7 Ym 496 million light years Length of the CfA2 Great Wall one of the largest observed superstructures in the Universe 6 1 Ym 645 million light years Distance to the Shapley Supercluster 9 5 Ym 996 million light years Diameter of the Eridanus Supervoid10 yottametres Edit The universe within one billion light years of Earth To help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists distances starting at 10 Ym 1025 m or 1 1 billion light years At this scale expansion of the universe becomes significant Distance of these objects are derived from their measured redshifts which depends on the cosmological models used 13 Ym 1 37 billion light years Length of the South Pole Wall 13 Ym 1 38 billion light years Length of the Sloan Great Wall 18 Ym redshift 0 16 1 9 billion light years Distance to the quasar 3C 273 light travel distance 30 8568 Ym 3 2616 billion light years 1 gigaparsec 31 2204106 Ym 3 3 billion light years Length of The Giant Arc a large cosmic structure discovered in 2021 33 Ym 3 5 billion light years Maximum distance of the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey light travel distance 37 8 Ym 4 billion light years Length of the Huge LQG 75 Ym redshift 0 95 8 billion light years Approximate distance to the supernova SN 2002dd in the Hubble Deep Field North light travel distance 85 Ym redshift 1 6 9 billion light years Approximate distance to the gamma ray burst GRB 990123 light travel distance 94 6 Ym 10 billion light years Approximate distance to quasar OQ172 94 6 Ym 10 billion light years Length of the Hercules Corona Borealis Great Wall one of the largest and most massive known cosmic structures known100 yottametres EditTo help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists distances starting at 100 Ym 1026 m or 11 billion light years At this scale expansion of the universe becomes significant Distance of these objects are derived from their measured redshifts which depend on the cosmological models used 124 Ym redshift 7 54 13 1 billion light years Light travel distance LTD to the quasar ULAS J1342 0928 the most distant known quasar as of 2017 130 Ym redshift 1 000 13 8 billion light years Distance LTD to the source of the cosmic microwave background radiation radius of the observable universe measured as a LTD 260 Ym 27 4 billion light years Diameter of the observable universe double LTD 440 Ym 46 billion light years Radius of the universe measured as a comoving distance 590 Ym 62 billion light years Cosmological event horizon the largest comoving distance from which light will ever reach us the observer at any time in the future 886 48 Ym 93 7 billion light years The diameter of the observable universe twice the particle horizon however there might be unobserved distances that are even greater 1 ronnametre EditThe ronnametre SI symbol Rm is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 1027 metres 54 To help compare different orders of magnitude this section lists distances starting at 1 Rm 1027 m or 110 billion light years At this scale expansion of the universe becomes significant Distance of these objects are derived from their measured redshifts which depend on the cosmological models used gt 1 Rm gt 105 7 billion light years Size of universe beyond the cosmic light horizon depending on its curvature if the curvature is zero i e the universe is spatially flat the value can be infinite see Shape of the universe as previously mentionedSee also EditList of examples of lengths Fermi problem Scale analytical tool Spatial scaleNotes Edit The diameter of human hair ranges from 17 to 181 mm Ley Brian 1999 Elert Glenn ed Diameter of a human hair The Physics Factbook Retrieved 8 December 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