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Wikipedia

Washington University in St. Louis

January 21, 2023

Not to be confused with University of Washington or George Washington University.

Washington University in St. Louis (WashU or WUSTL) is a private research university with its main campus in St. Louis County, and Clayton, Missouri. Founded in 1853, the university is named after George Washington.[8] Washington University is ranked among the top universities in the United States.[9][10]

Washington University in St. Louis
Latin: Universitas Washingtoniana
Former name
Eliot Seminary (1853-1854)
Washington Institute (1854-1856)
Washington University (1856-1976)
MottoPer veritatem vis (Latin)
Motto in English
"Strength through truth"
TypePrivate research university
EstablishedFebruary 22, 1853; 169 years ago (1853-02-22)
AccreditationHLC
Academic affiliations
Endowment$13.7 billion (FY2021)[1]
ChancellorAndrew D. Martin
ProvostBeverly Wendland
Academic staff
4,151 (2021)[2]
Administrative staff
12,609 (2018)[2]
Total staff
19,646 (2021)
Students16,244 [3]
Undergraduates7,803[3]
Postgraduates8,441[3]
Location
St. Louis
,
Missouri
,
United States

38°38′53″N 90°18′18″W / 38.648°N 90.305°W / 38.648; -90.305Coordinates: 38°38′53″N 90°18′18″W / 38.648°N 90.305°W / 38.648; -90.305
CampusLarge Suburb,[4] 346.5 acres (1.402 km2)
Tyson Research Center, 1,966.5 acres (3.07 sq mi; 795.81 ha)[5][6]
NewspaperStudent Life
ColorsRed and Green[7]
   
NicknameBears
Sporting affiliations
NCAA Division III – UAA
MascotBear
Websitewustl.edu

The university's 169-acre Danforth Campus is at the center of Washington University and is the academic home to the majority of the university’s undergraduate, graduate, and professional students. The Danforth Campus features predominantly Collegiate Gothic architecture in its academic buildings and is bordered by Forest Park and the cities of St. Louis, Clayton and University City. The university also has a West Campus in Clayton, North Campus in the West End neighborhood of St. Louis, and Medical Campus in the Central West End neighborhood of St. Louis.[11] The Washington University Medical Campus spreads over 17 city blocks and 164 acres. The center is home to the Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis and its affiliated hospitals, clinics, patient care centers and research facilities.

It has students and faculty from all 50 U.S. states and more than 120 countries.[12] Washington University is composed of seven graduate and undergraduate schools that encompass a broad range of academic fields.[13] To prevent confusion over its location, the university's board of trustees added the phrase "in St. Louis" in 1976.[14]

Washington University has been a member of the Association of American Universities since 1923 and is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity".[15][16] The National Science Foundation ranked the university 28th among academic institutions in the United States for research and development (R&D) expenditures.[17] As of 2022, 26 Nobel laureates in economics, physiology and medicine, chemistry, and physics have been affiliated with Washington University, 11 having done the major part of their pioneering research at the university.[18][19]

History

Early history (1853–1900)

Washington University was conceived by 17 St. Louis business, political, and religious leaders concerned by the lack of institutions of higher learning in the Midwest.[20] Missouri State Senator Wayman Crow and Unitarian minister William Greenleaf Eliot, grandfather of the poet T.S. Eliot, led the effort.

The university's first chancellor was Joseph Gibson Hoyt. Crow secured the university charter from the Missouri General Assembly in 1853, and Eliot was named President of the Board of Trustees. Early on, Eliot solicited support from members of the local business community, including John O'Fallon, but Eliot failed to secure a permanent endowment. Washington University is unusual among major American universities in not having had a prior financial endowment. The institution had no backing of a religious organization, single wealthy patron, or earmarked government support.

 
William Greenleaf Eliot, first president of the Board of Trustees

During the three years following its inception, the university bore three different names. The board first approved "Eliot Seminary", but William Eliot was uncomfortable with naming a university after himself and objected to the establishment of a seminary which would implicitly be charged with teaching a religious faith. He favored a nonsectarian university.[21] Under pressure from Eliot, the Board of Trustees created a task force charged with naming the university, headed by Samuel Treat. Several months later Treat's committee proposed naming the University the Washington Institute, after the nation's first president George Washington. In 1854, the board of trustees changed the name to "Washington Institute" in honor of George Washington and because the charter was coincidentally passed on Washington's birthday, February 22.[22] Naming the university after the nation's first president, only seven years before the American Civil War and during a time of bitter national division, was no coincidence. During this time of conflict, Americans universally admired George Washington as the father of the United States and a symbol of national unity. The board believed that the university should be a force of unity in a strongly divided Missouri. In 1856, the university amended its name to "Washington University". The university amended its name once more in 1976, when the board voted to add the suffix "in St. Louis" to distinguish the university from the over two dozen other universities bearing Washington's name.[14]

Although chartered as a university, for many years Washington University functioned primarily as a night school located on 17th Street and Washington Avenue in the heart of downtown St. Louis. Owing to limited financial resources, Washington University initially used public buildings. Classes began on October 22, 1854, at the Benton School building. At first the university paid for the evening classes, but as their popularity grew, their funding was transferred to the St. Louis Public Schools.[23] Eventually the board secured funds for the construction of Academic Hall and a half dozen other buildings. Later the university divided into three departments: the Manual Training School, Smith Academy, and the Mary Institute.

In 1867, the university opened the first private nonsectarian law school west of the Mississippi River. By 1882, Washington University had expanded to numerous departments, which were housed in various buildings across St. Louis. Medical classes were first held at Washington University in 1891 after the St. Louis Medical College decided to affiliate with the university, establishing the School of Medicine. However, by the 1890s the university was on the brink of financial collapse until Robert Sommers Brookings, president of the Board of Trustees, undertook the task of rebuilding the university's finances and acquiring land for a new campus. Brookings was instrumental in raising money for the university, since Eliot, the primary fundraiser for the university, had died.

In 1896, Holmes Smith, professor of Drawing and History of Art, designed what would become the basis for the modern-day university seal. The seal is made up of elements from the Washington family coat of arms and the symbol of Louis IX, whom the city is named after.[24]

Modern era (1900–1955)

 
The Washington University crest at the entrance to Francis Field

Washington University spent its first half century in downtown St. Louis bounded by Washington Ave., Lucas Place, and Locust Street. By the 1890s, owing to the dramatic expansion of the medical school and a new benefactor in Robert Brookings, the university began to move west. The university board of directors began a process to find suitable ground and hired the landscape architecture firm Olmsted, Olmsted & Eliot of Boston. A committee of Robert S. Brookings, Henry Ware Eliot, and William Huse found a site of 103 acres (41.7 ha) just beyond Forest Park, located west of the city limits in St. Louis County. The elevation of the land was thought to resemble the Acropolis and inspired the nickname of "Hilltop" campus, renamed the Danforth campus in 2006 to honor former chancellor William H. Danforth.[25]

In 1899, the university opened a national design contest for the new campus.[26] The renowned Philadelphia firm Cope & Stewardson (same architects who designed a large part of the University of Pennsylvania and Princeton University) won unanimously with its plan for a row of Collegiate Gothic quadrangles inspired by Oxford and Cambridge Universities.[27] The cornerstone of the first building, Busch Hall, was laid on October 20, 1900. The construction of Brookings Hall, Ridgley, and Cupples began shortly thereafter.[28] The university delayed occupying these buildings until 1905 to accommodate the 1904 World's Fair and Olympics. The delay allowed the university to construct ten buildings instead of the seven originally planned. This original cluster of buildings set a precedent for the development of the Danforth Campus; Cope & Stewardson's original plan and its choice of building materials have, with few exceptions, guided the construction and expansion of the Danforth Campus to the present day.[27] By 1915, construction of a new medical complex was completed on Kings Highway in what is now St. Louis's Central West End. In 1918, Washington University admitted its first women medical students.[29]

In 1922, a young physics professor, Arthur Holly Compton, conducted a series of experiments in the basement of Eads Hall that demonstrated the "particle" concept of electromagnetic radiation. Compton's discovery, known as the "Compton Effect," earned him the Nobel Prize in physics in 1927.[30]

During World War II, as part of the Manhattan Project, a cyclotron at Washington University was used to produce small quantities of the newly discovered element plutonium via neutron bombardment of uranium nitrate hexahydrate. The plutonium produced there in 1942 was shipped to the Metallurgical Laboratory Compton had established at the University of Chicago where Glenn Seaborg's team used it for extraction, purification, and characterization studies of the exotic substance.[30][31]

 
Graham Chapel

After working for 22 years at the University of Chicago, Arthur Holly Compton returned to St. Louis in 1946 to serve as Washington University's ninth chancellor.[32] Compton reestablished the Washington University football team, making the declaration that athletics were to be henceforth played on a "strictly amateur" basis with no athletic scholarships. Under Compton's leadership, enrollment at the university grew dramatically, fueled primarily by World War II veterans' use of their GI Bill benefits.[33]

In 1947, Gerty Cori, a professor at the School of Medicine, became the first woman to win a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Professors Carl and Gerty Cori became Washington University's fifth and sixth Nobel laureates for their discovery of how glycogen is broken down and resynthesized in the body.[34]

The process of desegregation at Washington University began in 1947 with the School of Medicine and the School of Social Work.[35] During the mid and late 1940s, the university was the target of critical editorials in the local African American press, letter-writing campaigns by churches and the local Urban League, and legal briefs by the NAACP intended to strip its tax-exempt status. In spring 1949, a Washington University student group, the Student Committee for the Admission of Negroes (SCAN), began campaigning for full racial integration. In May 1952, the board of trustees passed a resolution desegregating the school's undergraduate divisions.[36]

Recent history (1955–present)

During the latter half of the 20th century, Washington University transitioned from a strong regional university to a national research institution. In 1957, planning began for the construction of the "South 40", a complex of modern residential halls which primarily house freshmen and some sophomore students.[37] With the additional on-campus housing, Washington University, which had been predominantly a "streetcar college" of commuter students, began to attract a more national pool of applicants.[38] By 1964, over two-thirds of incoming students came from outside the St. Louis area.[39]

In 1971, the board of trustees appointed Chancellor William Henry Danforth, who guided the university through the social and financial crises of the 1970s and strengthened the university's often strained relationship with the St. Louis community. During his 24-year chancellorship, Danforth significantly improved the School of Medicine, established 70 new faculty chairs, secured a $1.72 billion endowment, and tripled the amount of student scholarships.[40]

In 1995, Mark S. Wrighton, former provost at MIT, was elected the university's 14th Chancellor. During Chancellor Wrighton's tenure undergraduate applications to Washington University more than doubled. Since 1995, the university has added more than 190 endowed professorships, revamped its Arts & Sciences curriculum, and completed more than 30 new buildings.[41]

 
Danforth Campus Buildings

The growth of Washington University's reputation coincided with a series of record-breaking fund-raising efforts during the last three decades. From 1983 to 1987, the "Alliance for Washington University" campaign raised $630.5 million, which was then the most successful fund-raising effort in national history.[42] From 1998 to 2004, the "Campaign for Washington University" raised $1.55 billion, which was applied to additional scholarships, professorships, and research initiatives.[43]

The campus was the venue for four Presidential debates, and one Vice-Presidential debate: the first 1992 Presidential debate on October 11, 1992, the third 2000 Presidential debate on October 17, 2000, the second 2004 Presidential debate on October 8, 2004, the 2008 Vice-Presidential debate on October 2, and the second 2016 Presidential debate on October 9, 2016.[44] The University was scheduled to host a debate in 1996, but that debate was cancelled when the number of scheduled debates was scaled back to two.[45]

In 2002, Washington University co-founded the Cortex Innovation Community in St. Louis's Midtown neighborhood. Cortex is the largest innovation hub in the midwest, home to offices of Square, Microsoft, Aon, Boeing, and Centene. The innovation hub has generated more than 3,800 tech jobs in 14 years.[46][47]

In the summer of 2002, Brookings Hall Room 300 was transformed into the Mission Control center for Steve Fossett's sixth and ultimately successful attempt to circumnavigate the planet in a balloon—the Spirit of Freedom.[48][49]

In 2005, Washington University founded the McDonnell International Scholars Academy, an international network of premier research universities, with an initial endowment gift of $10 million from John F. McDonnell.[50][51] The academy, which selects scholars from 35 partner universities around the world, was created with the intent to develop a cohort of future leaders, strengthen ties with top foreign universities, and promote global awareness and social responsibility.[52][53]

At the start of the Fall 2006 semester, the St. Louis Metro opened the Cross–County extension of its light rail MetroLink system. Three of the nine new stations directly serve the University (Skinker, University City-Big Bend, and Forsyth). On July 1, 2006, the University began offering free Metro passes—the U Pass—to all full-time students, benefits-eligible faculty and staff, and full-time employees of qualified service providers .[54]

In 2019, Washington University unveiled a $360 million campus transformation project known as the "East End Transformation". The transformation project, built on the original 1895 campus plan by Olmsted, Olmsted & Eliot, encompassed 18 acres of the Danforth Campus, adding five new buildings, expanding the university's Mildred Lane Kemper Art Museum, relocating hundreds of surface parking spaces underground, and creating an expansive new park.[55]

In June 2019, Andrew D. Martin, former dean of the College of Literature, Science, and the Arts at the University of Michigan, was elected the university's 15th chancellor.[56] On the day of his inauguration, Chancellor Martin announced the "WashU Pledge", a financial aid program allowing full-time Missouri and southern Illinois students who are Pell Grant-eligible or from families with annual incomes of $75,000 or less to attend the university cost-free.[57]

In October 2021, Washington University announced it would invest an additional $1 billion in financial aid for students. That investment allowed Washington University to adopt a need-blind undergraduate admissions policy, effective immediately.[58] The new financial aid initiative, called Gateway to Success, will include $800 million in endowed funding to support need-blind undergraduate admissions, meaning the university will not consider an applicant's financial situation when making admissions decisions while still meeting 100% of demonstrated financial need for admitted undergraduates. Another $200 million will be designated for financial aid for graduate and professional students in the university's Brown School, the School of Law and the School of Medicine, as well as in business, engineering, art and architecture, and Arts & Sciences.[59]

In 2022, Washington University was one of 10 universities picked to join the Kessler Scholars National Collaborative, which provides support for selected first-generation and Pell-Grant eligible STEM students who hope to improve society. The program aims to recruit 20 fully-funded Kessler scholars per year and provide additional opportunities to close the wealth gap.[60] Also, in 2022, Washington University developed a needle-free nasal vaccine to combat COVID-19.[61]

U.S. presidential and vice-presidential debates

 
2008 Vice Presidential Debate at the Washington University Field House

Washington University has been selected by the Commission on Presidential Debates to host more presidential and vice-presidential debates than any other institution in history.[62] United States presidential election debates were held at the Washington University Athletic Complex in 1992, 2000, 2004, and 2016. A presidential debate was planned to occur in 1996, but owing to scheduling difficulties between the candidates, the debate was canceled.[63] The university hosted the only 2008 vice presidential debate, between Republican Sarah Palin and Democrat Joe Biden, on October 2, 2008, also at the Washington University Athletic Complex. The university hosted the second 2016 presidential debate, between Republican Party candidate Donald Trump and Democratic Party candidate Hillary Clinton, on October 9, 2016.[64][65]

Although Chancellor Wrighton had noted after the 2004 debate that it would be "improbable" that the university will host another debate and was not eager to commit to the possibility,[66] he subsequently changed his view and the university submitted a bid for the 2008 debates.[67] "These one-of-a-kind events are great experiences for our students, they contribute to a national understanding of important issues, and they allow us to help bring national and international attention to the St. Louis region as one of America's great metropolitan areas," said Wrighton.[68]

The university decided not to host a 2020 presidential debate, against the majority opinion of the student body.[69]

Geography and campuses

Danforth Campus

 
Bryan Hall
Main article: Danforth Campus

The main, or Danforth Campus (formerly known as the Hilltop Campus) is mostly between Forest Park Parkway, Wydown Boulevard, North Big Bend Boulevard, and North Skinker Boulevard.

Although the school includes "St. Louis" in its name, the majority of the school's main campus is located in unincorporated St. Louis County and suburban Clayton.

A large portion of the Danforth Campus is recognized as the Washington University Hilltop Campus Historic District, which achieved National Historic Landmark status on February 27, 1987.[70][71]

The Barry Flanagan bronze statue, "Thinker on a Rock," widely known, simply, as "The Bunny", is currently on permanent loan to Washington University and features prominently near Olin Library, Graham Chapel and Mallinckrodt.

Danforth Campus includes:

In 2019, a $360 million renovation project, the "East End Transformation", was unveiled on the Danforth Campus, building on the original 1895 campus plan by Olmsted, Olmsted & Eliot. The project included the creation of the Gary M. Sumers Welcome Center, which now houses undergraduate admissions; the Craig and Nancy Schnuck Pavilion, which houses a café, the Environmental Studies program and the Office of Sustainability; the Henry A. and Elvira H. Jubel Hall, which houses the Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science in the McKelvey School of Engineering; and the James M. McKelvey, Sr. Hall, which will be completed in 2020 and open in 2021 and will house the McKelvey School of Engineering's Department of Computer Science & Engineering. All new buildings on the east end have been designed to achieve LEED-Gold certification, and include solar panels located on many of the roofs to generate renewable electricity. In addition to the five new buildings, the project relocated 6 acres of parking lots underground, renovated and expanded the Mildred Lane Kemper Art Museum, and created the Ann and Andrew Tisch Park.[55]

In 2020, the Princeton Review ranked the Danforth Campus among the top 10 "Most Beautiful Campuses" in the United States.[72]

Medical Campus

The Medical Campus is accessible via the Central West End MetroLink station, which provides a quick link to the Danforth, North, and West Campuses. All full-time Washington University students and employees are eligible for a Metro Transit U-Pass, which grants access to use the MetroLink and Metro buses for free.[73]

Washington University Medical Center comprises 164 acres (66.4 ha) spread over approximately 12 city blocks, located along the eastern edge of Forest Park within the Central West End neighborhood of St. Louis. The campus is home to the Washington University School of Medicine and its associated teaching hospitals, Barnes-Jewish Hospital and St. Louis Children's Hospital. Many of the buildings are connected via a series of skyways and corridors.

Olin Residence Hall, named for Spencer T. Olin, provides residential services for 200 medical and graduate students.[74]

The School's 2,100 employed and volunteer faculty physicians also serve as the medical staff of Barnes-Jewish and St. Louis Children's hospitals, which are part of BJC HealthCare. Washington University and BJC have taken on many joint venture projects, such as the Center for Advanced Medicine, completed in December 2001.

In 2019, Washington University was awarded a $7.6 million grant from the National Cancer Institute to create the Implementation Science Center for Cancer Control to address disparities in cancer care in parts of Missouri and Illinois.[75] In 2022, Washington University's Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences was awarded a five-year $61 million grant from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health, to focus on precision medicine, health equity, and diversity.[76]

BJC Institute of Health at Washington University is the newest research building with 680,000 square feet (63,000 m2). In 2020, Washington University announced the construction of a new $616 million, 11 story, 609,000-square-foot neuroscience research building which will sit at the eastern edge of the Medical Campus in the Cortex Innovation Community. Construction of the building is set to be finished in 2023.[77]

The Medical Campus includes:

North and West Campuses

Washington University's North Campus and West Campus principally house administrative functions that are not student focused. North Campus lies in St. Louis City near the Delmar Loop. The university acquired the building and adjacent property in 2004, formerly home to the Angelica Uniform Factory.[78] Several university administrative departments are located at the North Campus location, including offices for Quadrangle Housing, Accounting and Treasury Services, Parking and Transportation Services, Army ROTC, and Network Technology Services. The North Campus location also provides off-site storage space for the Performing arts Department. Renovations are still ongoing; recent additions to the North Campus space include a small eatery operated by Bon Appétit Management Company, the university's on-campus food provider, completed during spring semester 2007, as well as the Family Learning Center, operated by Bright Horizons and opened in September 2010.

The West Campus is located about one mile (1.6 km) to the west of the Danforth Campus in Clayton, Missouri, and primarily consists of a four-story former department store building housing mostly administrative space. The West Campus building was home to the Clayton branch of the Famous-Barr department store until 1990, when the university acquired the property and adjacent parking and began a series of renovations.[79] Today, the basement level houses the West Campus Library, the University Archives, the Modern Graphic History Library, and conference space. The ground level still remains a retail space. The upper floors house consolidated capital gifts, portions of university advancement, and information systems offices from across the Danforth and Medical School campuses. There is also a music rehearsal room on the second floor.

Both the North and West Campuses are accessible by the St. Louis MetroLink, which, with the Delmar Loop and Forsyth MetroLink Stations directly adjacent to these campuses, provides easy travel around the St. Louis metropolitan area, including all of Washington University's campuses.

Tyson Research Center

Main article: Tyson Research Center

Tyson Research Center is a 1,966.5 acres (3.07 sq mi; 795.81 ha) field station located west of St. Louis on the Meramec River. Washington University obtained Tyson as surplus property from the federal government in 1963. It is used by the university as a biological field station and research/education center. In 2010, the Living Learning Center was named one of the first two buildings accredited nationwide as a "living building" under the Living Building Challenge,[80] opened to serve as a biological research station and classroom for summer students.

Academics

Arts and Sciences

Main article: Arts and Sciences at Washington University in St. Louis
 
Holmes Lounge, the central reading room on campus, where students may study

Arts & Sciences is home to the College of Arts & Sciences as well as graduate programs across its many departments. Feng Sheng Hu is the Dean of the Faculty of Arts & Sciences.[81]

  • The College of Arts & Sciences is the central undergraduate unit of the university with 330 tenured and tenure-track faculty along with over 100 research scientists, lecturers, artists in residence, and visitors serving more than 3,700 undergraduates in 40 academic departments divided into divisions of Humanities, Social sciences, and Natural sciences and Mathematics. The College of Arts & Sciences has an average class size of 18 students, with over 80% having fewer than 24. Almost one-half of the undergraduate classes have fewer than 10 students. The student-faculty ratio is 7:1.[2]
  • The College of Arts & Sciences offers courses in over a dozen languages, including Arabic, Hebrew, Spanish, German, French, Swahili, Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Russian, Greek, Italian, Hindi, Portuguese, and Latin. University College in Arts & Sciences also offers course work in Swedish, Vietnamese, Irish, and Czech.

Business

Main article: Olin Business School

Founded as the School of Commerce and Finance in 1917, the Olin Business School was named after entrepreneur John M. Olin in 1988. The school's academic programs include BSBA, MBA, Professional MBA (PMBA), Executive MBA (EMBA), MS in finance, MS in supply chain management, MS in customer analytics, Master of Accounting, Global Master of Finance Dual Degree program, and Doctorate programs, as well as non-degree Executive Education. In 2002, an Executive MBA program was established in Shanghai, in cooperation with Fudan University.

 
Simon Hall is a part of the Olin Business School.

Olin has a network of more than 16,000 alumni worldwide.[82] Over the last several years, the school's endowment has increased to $213 million (2004) and annual gifts average $12 million per year.[83] Simon Hall was opened in 1986 after a donation from John E. Simon. On May 2, 2014, the $90 million conjoined Knight and Bauer Halls were dedicated, following a $15 million gift from Charles F. Knight and Joanne Knight and a $10 million gift from George and Carol Bauer through the Bauer Foundation. The two buildings are joined by a three-story-high atrium and include spaces for lectures, faculty offices, and classrooms. The café at Bauer Hall includes the only on-campus Starbucks.

In October 2019, Olin Business School ranked #1 on Inc.com's Best Business Schools for Entrepreneurship.[84] In January 2020, Olin was named the Poets&Quants MBA Program of 2019.[85]

Undergraduate BSBA students take 40–60% of their courses within the business school and are able to formally declare majors in eight areas: accounting, entrepreneurship, finance, healthcare management, marketing, managerial economics and strategy, organization and human resources, International Business, and operations and supply chain management. Graduate students are able to pursue an MBA either full-time or part-time. Students may also take elective courses from other disciplines at Washington University, including law and many other fields. Mark P. Taylor is the Dean of the Olin Business School.

School of Design and Visual Arts

Main article: Sam Fox School of Design & Visual Arts

The Sam Fox School of Design & Visual Arts was founded in 2006, merging the existing academic units of Architecture and Art with the University’s museum. The School comprises:

  • College of Architecture
  • Graduate School of Architecture & Urban Design
  • College of Art
  • Graduate School of Art
  • Mildred Lane Kemper Art Museum, considered one of the most distinguished university art collections in the country[86]

Architecture offers BS and BA degrees at the undergraduate level, as well as the Master of Architecture, Master of Landscape Architecture, Master of Urban Design, MS in Advanced Architectural Design, and MS in Architectural Studies. There are also joint degree programs at the graduate level in conjunction with other divisions of the university. Art offers BFA and BA degrees at the undergraduate level, as well as the MFA in Visual Art and MFA in Illustration & Visual Culture.

Art offers BFA and BA degrees at the undergraduate level, as well as the MFA in Visual Art and MFA in Illustration & Visual Culture.

In October 2006 the Mildred Lane Kemper Art Museum moved into new facilities designed by Pritzker Prize-winning architect, and former faculty member, Fumihiko Maki.[87] The art museum was first established in 1881 and was the first art museum west of the Mississippi River. It houses most of the University's art and sculpture collections, including pieces by Jackson Pollock, Robert Rauschenberg, Jenny Holzer, Pablo Picasso, Max Ernst, Willem de Kooning, Henri Matisse, Joan Miró, and Rembrandt van Rijn, among others.

Carmon Colangelo is the Ralph J. Nagel Dean of the Sam Fox School of Design & Visual Arts. Heather Woofter is director of the College of Architecture and the Graduate School of Architecture & Urban Design. Amy Hauft is the director of the College of Art and Graduate School of Art.

McKelvey School of Engineering

Main article: McKelvey School of Engineering
 
Cupples Hall

The McKelvey School of Engineering at Washington University in St. Louis (WashU Engineering) is a school with 88 tenured and tenure-track professors, 40 additional full-time faculty, 1,300 undergraduate students, 560 master's students, 380 PhD students, and more than 20,000 alumni. Aaron Bobick serves as dean of the school.

With approximately $27million in annual research awards, the school focuses intellectual efforts on medicine and health, energy and environment, entrepreneurship, and security. The school is ranked among the top 50 by the magazine U.S. News & World Report, and the biomedical engineering graduate program was ranked 12th by U.S. News & World Report in 2012–2013.

On January 31, 2019, the School of Engineering & Applied Science was renamed the James McKelvey School of Engineering, in honor of trustee and distinguished alumnus Jim McKelvey Jr., the co-founder of Square, after his donation of an undisclosed sum that the school's dean, Aaron Bobick, said has been the largest in the school's 162-year history.

Departments include:

School of Law

Main article: Washington University School of Law

Washington University School of Law offers joint-degree programs with the Olin Business School, the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, the School of Medicine, and the School of Social Work. It also offers an LLM in Intellectual Property and Technology Law, an LLM in Taxation, an LLM in US Law for Foreign Lawyers, a Master of Juridical Studies (MJS), and a Juris Doctoris (JD). The law school offers 3 semesters of courses in the Spring, Summer, and Fall, and requires at least 85 credit hours of coursework for the JD.

In the 2022 and 2021 U.S. News & World Report rankings, the law school ranked 16th nationally.[88] The law school offers a full-time day program, beginning in August, for the J.D. degree. The law school is located in Anheuser-Busch Hall (opened in 1997).

Russell Osgood is the Dean of the School of Law.

 
Anheuser Busch Hall, home to the School of Law

Medicine

Main article: Washington University School of Medicine

The Washington University School of Medicine was founded in 1891. In the 2021 U.S. News & World Report rankings of U.S. medical schools, it was ranked sixth for research[89] and tied for 31st for primary care.[90] The McDonnell Genome Institute (directed by Richard K. Wilson) is housed within the Washington University School of Medicine; it is one of three NIH-funded major DNA sequencing centers in the U.S. and played a significant role in the Human Genome Project.[91] In 2019, the Washington University School of Medicine was the fourth medical school in the United States that received the most NIH funding.[92]

The medical school partners with St. Louis Children's Hospital and Barnes-Jewish Hospital (part of BJC HealthCare), where all physicians are members of the school's faculty.

Social Work and Public Health

Main article: George Warren Brown School of Social Work

With roots dating back to 1909 in the university's School of Social Economy, the George Warren Brown School of Social Work (commonly called GWB, the Brown School, or Brown) was founded in 1925. Brown's academic degree offerings include a Master of Social Work (MSW), a Master of Public Health (MPH), a PhD in Social Work, and a PhD in Public Health Sciences. It is currently ranked first among Master of Social Work programs in the United States.[93] The school was endowed by Bettie Bofinger Brown and named for her husband, George Warren Brown, a St. Louis philanthropist and co-founder of the Brown Shoe Company. The school was the first in the country to have a building for the purpose of social work education, and it is also a founding member of the Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health.

McDonnell International Scholars Academy

The McDonnell International Scholars Academy (MISA) is an alliance between universities that supports collaboration on research, development of joint educational opportunities, and joint research conferences.[94][95] The program is named after John F. McDonnell, who provided an initial $10 million gift to establish the academy in 2005.[96] MISA features a graduate-level endowed scholarship program for international students to study at Washington University.[97] Founded in 2005, the academy's core mission is to develop a community of future global leaders from partner institutions worldwide.[98] The program is believed to be the first of its kind in the United States.[57]

Former dental school

Main article: Washington University School of Dental Medicine

Founded as the Missouri Dental College in 1866, the Washington University School of Dental Medicine was the first dental school west of the Mississippi River[99] and the sixth dental school in the United States. The first dean of the school was Homer Judd.[100] The school closed in 1991.[101]

Rankings and reputation

 
Seigle Hall, shared by the School of Law and the College of Arts and Sciences

Washington University's undergraduate program is ranked 14th in the nation in the 2022 U.S. News & World Report National Universities ranking,[110] and 11th by The Wall Street Journal in their 2018 rankings.[111] The university is ranked 22nd in the world for 2019 by the Academic Ranking of World Universities.[112] Undergraduate admission to Washington University is characterized by the Carnegie Foundation and U.S. News & World Report as "most selective".[16][113] The Princeton Review, in its 2020 edition, gave the university an admissions selectivity rating of 99 out of 99.[114] The acceptance rate for the class of 2026 (those entering in the fall of 2022) was 10.0%, with students selected from more than 36,000 applications. Of students admitted, 94 percent were in the top 10 percent of their class.[115]

Admissions statistics
2020 entering
class[116]Change vs.
2015[117]
Admit rate10.0%
(  −0.7)
Yield rate40.2%
(  +5.1)
Test scores middle 50%
SAT Total1480-1560
(  +5 median)
ACT Composite33–35
(  +2.5 median)
 
Eads Hall

The Princeton Review ranked Washington University first for Best College Dorms and third for Best College Food, Best-Run Colleges, and Best Financial Aid in its 2020 edition.[118] In its 2022 edition, Princeton Review also ranked Washington University as number 2 for "Top Entrepreneurship Under Ten Thousand Students", #1 for "Top Midwest Entreprenuerships", as a "Colleges That Create Futures" and of having a great quality of life.[119] Niche listed the university as the best college for architecture and the second-best college campus and college dorms in the United States in 2020.[120] The Washington University School of Medicine was ranked sixth for research by U.S. News & World Report in 2020 and has been listed among the top ten medical schools since the rankings were first published in 1987.[121] Additionally, U.S. News & World Report ranked the university's genetics and physical therapy as tied for first place.[122][123] QS World University Rankings ranked Washington University sixth in the world for anatomy and physiology in 2020.[124] In January 2020, Olin Business School was named the Poets&Quants MBA Program of 2019.[85] Washington University has also been recognized as the 12th best university employer in the country by Forbes.[125]

Washington University was named one of the "25 New Ivies" by Newsweek in 2006[126] and has also been called a "Hidden Ivy".[127]

 
Ridgley Hall

A 2014 study ranked Washington University #1 in the country for income inequality[128] About 22% of Washington University's students came from the top 1%, while only about 6% came from the bottom 60%.[129][130][131] In response to this, in 2015, university administration announced plans to increase the number of Pell-eligible recipients on campus from 6% to 13% by 2020,[132][133][134] and in 2019 15% of the university's student body was eligible for Pell Grants.[135] In October 2019, then newly inaugurated Chancellor Andrew D. Martin announced the "WashU Pledge", a financial aid program that provides a free undergraduate education to all full-time Missouri and Southern Illinois students who are Pell Grant-eligible or from families with annual incomes of $75,000 or less.[136]

The American Talent Initiative found Washington University had the highest Pell growth rate among 130 major universities between the 2015–16 and 2019-20 academic years.[137]

School Rankings
Ranking #
U.S. News & World Report (Medicine) 6[121]
U.S. News & World Report (Law) 16[138]
U.S. News & World Report (MBA) 30[139]
U.S. News & World Report (Social Work) 2[140]
BusinessWeek (BSBA) 25[141]
Design Intelligence (Architecture) 10[142]
Financial Times (EMBA – World Rank) 8[143]

Research, research centers, and institutes

Main article: Centers and institutes of Washington University in St. Louis

Virtually all faculty members at Washington University engage in academic research,[144] offering opportunities for both undergraduate and graduate students across the university's seven schools. Known for its interdisciplinarity and departmental collaboration, many of Washington University's research centers and institutes are collaborative efforts between many areas on campus.[145] More than 60% of undergraduates are involved in faculty research across all areas;[146] it is an institutional priority for undergraduates to be allowed to participate in advanced research. According to the Center for Measuring University Performance, it is considered to be one of the top 10 private research universities in the nation.[147] A dedicated Office of Undergraduate Research is located on the Danforth Campus and serves as a resource to post research opportunities, advise students in finding appropriate positions matching their interests, publish undergraduate research journals, and award research grants to make it financially possible to perform research.[148]

 
Brown Hall

According to the National Science Foundation, Washington University spent $920 million on research and development in 2020, ranking it 28th in the nation.[149] The university has over 150 National Institutes of Health funded inventions, with many of them licensed to private companies. Governmental agencies and non-profit foundations such as the NIH, United States Department of Defense, National Science Foundation, and NASA provide the majority of research grant funding, with Washington University being one of the top recipients in NIH grants from year-to-year. Nearly 80% of NIH grants to institutions in the state of Missouri went to Washington University alone in 2007.[150] Washington University and its Medical School play a large part in the Human Genome Project, where it contributes approximately 25% of the finished sequence.[151] The Genome Sequencing Center has decoded the genome of many animals, plants, and cellular organisms, including the platypus, chimpanzee, cat, and corn.[152]

NASA hosts its Planetary Data System Geosciences Node on the campus of Washington University. Professors, students, and researchers have been heavily involved with many unmanned missions to Mars. Professor Raymond Arvidson has been deputy principal investigator of the Mars Exploration Rover mission and co-investigator of the Phoenix lander robotic arm.[153]

Washington University professor Joseph Lowenstein, with the assistance of several undergraduate students, has been involved in editing, annotating, making a digital archive of the first publication of poet Edmund Spenser's collective works in 100 years. A large grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities was given to support this project centralized at Washington University with support from other colleges in the United States.[154]

In 2019, Folding@Home, a distributed computing project for performing molecular dynamics simulations of protein dynamics, was moved to Washington University School of Medicine from Stanford University. The project, currently led by Greg Bowman, uses the idle CPU time of personal computers owned by volunteers to conduct protein folding research.[155] Folding@home's research is primarily focused on biomedical problems such as Alzheimer's disease, Cancer, Coronavirus disease 2019, and Ebola virus disease. In April 2020, Folding@home became the world's first exaFLOP computing system with a peak performance of 1.5 exaflops, making it more than seven times faster than the world's fastest supercomputer, Summit, and more powerful than the top 100 supercomputers in the world, combined.[156][157]

Museums and library system

Main article: Washington University Libraries

With 12 libraries, the Washington University library system is the largest in the state of Missouri, containing over 4.2 million volumes.[158] The main library, Olin Library, is centrally located on the Danforth Campus. In 2020, the Princeton Review ranked the Olin Library among the top 10 "Best College Libraries" in the United States.[159] Other libraries in the system include:

 
Olin Library
 
Reading room in Anheuser-Busch Hall

The Mildred Lane Kemper Art Museum, established in 1881, is one of the oldest teaching museums in the country.[160] The collection includes works from 19th-, 20th-, and 21st-century American and European artists, including George Caleb Bingham, Thomas Cole, Pablo Picasso, Max Ernst, Alexander Calder, Jackson Pollock, Rembrandt, Robert Rauschenberg, Barbara Kruger, and Christian Boltanski. Also in the complex is the 3,000 sq ft (300 m2) Newman Money Museum exhibiting the collection of American numismatist Eric P. Newman. In October 2006, the Kemper Art Museum moved from its previous location, Steinberg Hall, into a new facility designed by former faculty member Fumihiko Maki. The new Kemper Art Museum is located directly across from Steinberg Hall, which was Maki's first commission in 1959.

Campus life

Main article: Campus life at Washington University in St. Louis
Student body composition as of May 2, 2022
Race and ethnicity[161] Total
White 48% 48
 
Asian 18% 18
 
Hispanic 11% 11
 
Black 9% 9
 
Other[a] 7% 7
 
Foreign national 7% 7
 
Economic diversity
Low-income[b] 15% 15
 
Affluent[c] 85% 85
 

Student organizations

 
Women's Building

Washington University has over 300 undergraduate student organizations on campus.[162] Most are funded by the Washington University Student Union, which, as of fiscal year 2020, has an annual budget of $3.6[163] million that is completely student-controlled and is one of the largest student government budgets in the country. Known as SU for short, the Student Union sponsors large-scale campus programs including WILD (a semesterly concert in the quad) and free copies of the New York Times, USA Today, and the St. Louis Post-Dispatch through The Collegiate Readership Program; it also funds the campus television station, WUTV, and the radio station, KWUR. KWUR was named best radio station in St. Louis of 2003 by the Riverfront Times despite the fact its signal reaches only a few blocks beyond the boundaries of the campus.[164] There are 11 fraternities and 9 sororities, with approximately 14% of the student body being involved in Greek life.[165] The Congress of the South 40 (CS40) is a Residential Life and Events Programming Board, which operates outside of the SU sphere. CS40's funding comes from the housing activities fee of each student living in the South 40.

Many of these organizations and other campus life amenities are housed in the $43 million Danforth University Center on the Danforth Campus, also dedicated in honor of the Danforth family.[166] The building opened on August 11, 2008, and earned LEED Gold certification for its environmentally friendly design.[167]

 
McMillan Hall

Washington University has a large number of student-run musical groups on campus, including 13 official a cappella groups. The Pikers, an all-male group, is the oldest such group on campus. The Greenleafs, an all-female group is the oldest (and only) female group on campus. The Mosaic Whispers, founded in 1991, is the oldest co-ed group on campus. They have produced 9 albums and have appeared on a number of compilation albums, including Ben Folds' Ben Folds Presents: University A Cappella! The Amateurs,[168] who also appeared on this album, is another co-ed a cappella group on campus, founded in 1991. They have recorded seven albums and toured extensively. After Dark[169] is a co-ed a cappella group founded in 2001. It has released three albums and has won several Contemporary A Capella Recording (CARA) awards. In 2008 the group performed on MSNBC during coverage of the vice presidential debate with specially written songs about Joe Biden and Sarah Palin.[170] The Ghost Lights, founded in 2010, is the campus's newest and only Broadway, Movies, and Television soundtrack group. They have performed multiple philanthropic concerts in the greater St. Louis area and were honored in November 2010 with the opportunity to perform for Nobel Laureate Douglass North at his birthday celebration. More Fools than Wise is a chamber jazz group, and The Aristocats feature Disney songs.

The campus newspaper is Student Life. The paper is published twice a week under the auspices of Washington University Student Media, Inc., an independent not-for-profit organization incorporated in 1999. The paper was first founded in 1878, making it one of the oldest student newspapers in the country.

Washington University also boasts a successful bridge team, and in fact has the largest bridge club of all colleges in the country. The university currently ranks second nationally in collegiate bridge after reaching the finals of the Collegiate Bridge Bowl at the 2022 North American Bridge Championships.[171]

Greek life

 
Fraternity Buildings

Washington University has eleven fraternities and nine sororities on campus. In 2012, the chapter of Sigma Alpha Mu was closed following violations of drug and alcohol policies among students.[172] In 2020, a large number of Greek life members, primarily from sororities permanently deactivated from their chapters as a result of perceived systematic oppression, racism, and sexism. Some students called for the total abolition of Greek Life on campus.[173] As of Spring 2021, approximately 14% of the student body participated in Greek Life.[165]

Washington University Interfraternity Council
Washington University Panhellenic Council

Residences

 
The South 40

Washington University is number one on the Princeton Review's "Best College Dorms" list for 2020.[174]

Over 50% of undergraduate students live on campus.[175] Most of the residence halls on campus are located on the South 40, named because of its adjacent location on the south side of the Danforth Campus and its size of 40 acres (16 ha). It is the location of all freshman buildings as well as several sophomore buildings, which are set up in the traditional residential college system. All of the residential halls are co-ed. The dormitories on the South 40 have grown national recognition for their large size and large number of amenities.[37] The South 40 is organized as a pedestrian-friendly environment wherein residences surround a central recreational lawn known as the Swamp. Bear's Den (the largest dining hall on campus), the Habif Health and Wellness Center (Student Health Services), the Residential Life Office, University police Headquarters, various student-owned businesses, and the baseball, softball, and intramural fields are also located on the South 40.

Another group of residences, known as the Village, is located in the northwest corner of Danforth Campus. Only open to upperclassmen and January Scholars, the North Side consists of Millbrook Apartments, The Village, Village East on-campus apartments, and all fraternity houses except the Zeta Beta Tau house, which is off campus and located just northwest of the South 40. Sororities at Washington University do not have houses by their own accord. The Village is a group of residences where students who have similar interests or academic goals apply as small groups of 4 to 24, known as BLOCs, to live together in clustered suites along with non-BLOCs. Like the South 40, the residences around the Village also surround a recreational lawn.

In addition to South 40 and North Side residence halls, Washington University owns several apartment buildings within walking distance to Danforth Campus, which are open to upperclassmen.

Student media

Washington University supports four major student-run media outlets. The university's student newspaper, Student Life, is available for students. KWUR (90.3 FM) serves as the students' official radio station; the station also attracts an audience in the immediately surrounding community due to its eclectic and free-form musical programming. WUTV is the university's closed-circuit television channel. The university's main student-run political publication is the Washington University Political Review (nicknamed "WUPR"), a self-described "multipartisan" monthly magazine. Washington University undergraduates publish two literary and art journals, The Eliot Review and Spires Intercollegiate Arts and Literary Magazine. A variety of other publications also serve the university community, ranging from in-house academic journals to glossy alumni magazines to WUnderground, the student-run satirical newspaper.[176]

Athletics

Main article: Washington University Bears

Washington University's sports teams are called the Bears. They are members of the National Collegiate Athletic Association and participate in the University Athletic Association at the Division III level. The Bears have won 23 NCAA Division III Championships— two in women's cross country (2011, 2018), one in women's indoor track and field (2017), one in women's outdoor track and field (2017), one in men's tennis (2008), two in men's basketball (2008, 2009), five in women's basketball (1998–2001, 2010),[177] ten in women's volleyball (1989, 1991–1996, 2003, 2007, 2009),[178] and one in women's soccer (2016)[179] – and 217 UAA titles in 16 different sports.[180] The Athletic Department was headed by John Schael for 36 years, who served as director of athletics in the period 1978–2014.[181] The 2000 Division III Central Region winner of the National Association of Collegiate Directors of Athletics/Continental Airlines Athletics Director of the Year award,[182] Schael helped orchestrate the Bears athletics transformation into one of the top departments in Division III.[182] Schael was succeeded by Josh Whitman, 2014–2016. The department is now led by Anthony J. Azama.

Washington University also has an extensive club sports program, with teams ranging from men's volleyball[183] to women's Ultimate Frisbee. The Washington University men's club water polo team has been particularly successful, capturing the Collegiate Water Polo Association Division III Club National Championship title in 2011, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, and 2019.[184][185] Funding for club sports comes from the Student Union budget, as each club is deemed a campus group.

Washington University is home of Francis Field, site of the 1904 Summer Olympics. Francis Field is also home of the Washington University football, soccer, and track and field teams.

Traditions

 
Gates at Francis Field
  • WILD – Walk In, Lay Down, the semesterly concert in the Quad which brings in popular musical acts.
  • Thurtene Carnival – The oldest and largest student-run carnival in the nation,[186][187] run by Thurtene Honorary.[188]
  • Vertigo – A dance party put on by the Engineering School Council (EnCouncil), featuring an innovative 8-by-16-foot (2.4 by 4.9 m) computer-controlled modular LED illuminated dance floor built by students.
  • Cultural shows – Each year Washington University student groups put on several multicultural shows. Ashoka, the South Asian student association, puts on a performance for Diwali, the Indian festival of lights, that includes a skit and dances. Black Anthology is a student-run performance arts show celebrating black culture. Lunar New Year Festival is a collaboration between the many East and Southeast Asian organizations on campus culminating in a show to celebrate the Asian and Asian American experience with a skit and performances from Vietnamese, Chinese, Japanese, and Korean cultures among others. Africa Week and the African Film Festival are annual events hosted by the African Students Association. Finally, the Association of Latin American Students showcases various forms of Latin and Spanish dances during their performance, Carnaval.
  • Brookings Hall – A superstition among students to never step on the university seal at Brookings Hall. It is said that doing so will prevent one from graduating on time.[189]
  • Convocation – A large gathering for new students and their families intended to welcome them to the university. Among others, it includes speeches from seniors and university leadership.[190]
  • DUC N’ Donuts – Taking place on the first Friday of every month at the Danforth University Center (DUC), this tradition allows students to learn about monthly events while enjoying free coffee and donuts.[189]
  • Art Prom – Every Spring, students from the Sam Fox School of Design and Visual Arts host a “formal” dance with a creative twist.[191]
  • Underpass Panels – A series of panels along the walls of the underpass connecting the South 40 to the main Danforth Campus. Tradition involves the painting of each panel by students and clubs to advertise upcoming events. Located adjacent to the underpass is a large concrete ball, also painted to advertise student events.[192]

Notable People

Main articles: List of Washington University alumni, List of Nobel laureates affiliated with Washington University in St. Louis as alumni or faculty, and List of Washington University faculty and staff

Washington University counts more than 156,000 living alumni, 29 Rhodes Scholars, and 26 Nobel laureates affiliated with the university as faculty or students.[193][194][19]

Alumni

Faculty

Notable faculty include economist and Nobel Memorial Prize winner Douglass North;[259] husband and wife biochemists and co-Nobel Prize winners Carl and Gerty Cori;[260][261] 56th governor of Missouri Eric Greitens;[262] cofounder and first executive director of the ACLU Roger Nash Baldwin,[263] physicist and Nobel Prize winner Arthur Holly Compton;[264] novelists Stanley Elkin[265] and William Gass;[266][267] Head of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching and 5th President of MIT, Henry Smith Pritchett;[268] leading ecologist Barry Commoner;[269][270] poets Carl Phillips[271] and Mary Jo Bang;[272] architects Fumihiko Maki[273] and Louis C. Spering;[274] American legal scholar Bruce H. Mann,[275] neurologist and Nobel Prize winner Rita Levi-Montalcini;[276] United States Senator from Missouri Thomas Eagleton,[277] notable artist Max Beckmann;[278] sex researchers William Masters and Virginia Johnson;[279] Poets Laureate Howard Nemerov and Mona Van Duyn; sociologist and "outlaw Marxist" Alvin Ward Gouldner; attorney, former Counsel to Vice-president Al Gore and former Tennessee Attorney General Charles Burson; writer and culture critic Gerald Early;[280] founder of the American Association of University Arthur Oncken Lovejoy;[281] video game designer Ian Bogost;[282] economist, and former Chair of President Ronald Reagan's Council of Economic Advisors, Murray Weidenbaum;[283] chairman and CEO of Merck & Co. Roy Vagelos,[284] chemist Joseph W. Kennedy, co-discoverer of the element plutonium; sociologist Adia Harvey Wingfield;[285] former vice president of the National Academy of Sciences, Barbara Schaal,[286] first woman Director of both the National Gallery of Canada and the Philadelphia Museum of Art, Jean Sutherland Boggs;[287] Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States Wiley Rutledge,[288] chemist Holden Thorp, editor-in-chief of Science Magazine,[289] and Law Professor Peter Mutharika, former president of Malawi.[290]

  1. ^ Other consists of Multiracial Americans & those who prefer to not say.
  2. ^ The percentage of students who received an income-based federal Pell grant intended for low-income students.
  3. ^ The percentage of students who are a part of the American middle class at the bare minimum.

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January 21, 2023
washington, university, louis, confused, with, university, washington, george, washington, university, washu, wustl, private, research, university, with, main, campus, louis, county, clayton, missouri, founded, 1853, university, named, after, george, washingto. Not to be confused with University of Washington or George Washington University Washington University in St Louis WashU or WUSTL is a private research university with its main campus in St Louis County and Clayton Missouri Founded in 1853 the university is named after George Washington 8 Washington University is ranked among the top universities in the United States 9 10 Washington University in St LouisLatin Universitas WashingtonianaFormer nameEliot Seminary 1853 1854 Washington Institute 1854 1856 Washington University 1856 1976 MottoPer veritatem vis Latin Motto in English Strength through truth TypePrivate research universityEstablishedFebruary 22 1853 169 years ago 1853 02 22 AccreditationHLCAcademic affiliationsAAUCOFHEMISANAICUORAUURASpace grantEndowment 13 7 billion FY2021 1 ChancellorAndrew D MartinProvostBeverly WendlandAcademic staff4 151 2021 2 Administrative staff12 609 2018 2 Total staff19 646 2021 Students16 244 3 Undergraduates7 803 3 Postgraduates8 441 3 LocationSt Louis Missouri United States38 38 53 N 90 18 18 W 38 648 N 90 305 W 38 648 90 305 Coordinates 38 38 53 N 90 18 18 W 38 648 N 90 305 W 38 648 90 305CampusLarge Suburb 4 346 5 acres 1 402 km2 Tyson Research Center 1 966 5 acres 3 07 sq mi 795 81 ha 5 6 NewspaperStudent LifeColorsRed and Green 7 NicknameBearsSporting affiliationsNCAA Division III UAAMascotBearWebsitewustl wbr eduThe university s 169 acre Danforth Campus is at the center of Washington University and is the academic home to the majority of the university s undergraduate graduate and professional students The Danforth Campus features predominantly Collegiate Gothic architecture in its academic buildings and is bordered by Forest Park and the cities of St Louis Clayton and University City The university also has a West Campus in Clayton North Campus in the West End neighborhood of St Louis and Medical Campus in the Central West End neighborhood of St Louis 11 The Washington University Medical Campus spreads over 17 city blocks and 164 acres The center is home to the Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis and its affiliated hospitals clinics patient care centers and research facilities It has students and faculty from all 50 U S states and more than 120 countries 12 Washington University is composed of seven graduate and undergraduate schools that encompass a broad range of academic fields 13 To prevent confusion over its location the university s board of trustees added the phrase in St Louis in 1976 14 Washington University has been a member of the Association of American Universities since 1923 and is classified among R1 Doctoral Universities Very high research activity 15 16 The National Science Foundation ranked the university 28th among academic institutions in the United States for research and development R amp D expenditures 17 As of 2022 26 Nobel laureates in economics physiology and medicine chemistry and physics have been affiliated with Washington University 11 having done the major part of their pioneering research at the university 18 19 Contents 1 History 1 1 Early history 1853 1900 1 2 Modern era 1900 1955 1 3 Recent history 1955 present 1 4 U S presidential and vice presidential debates 2 Geography and campuses 2 1 Danforth Campus 2 2 Medical Campus 2 3 North and West Campuses 2 4 Tyson Research Center 2 5 Academics 2 6 Arts and Sciences 2 7 Business 2 8 School of Design and Visual Arts 2 9 McKelvey School of Engineering 2 10 School of Law 2 11 Medicine 2 12 Social Work and Public Health 2 13 McDonnell International Scholars Academy 2 14 Former dental school 3 Rankings and reputation 4 Research research centers and institutes 5 Museums and library system 6 Campus life 6 1 Student organizations 6 2 Greek life 6 3 Residences 6 4 Student media 6 5 Athletics 6 6 Traditions 7 Notable People 7 1 Alumni 7 2 Faculty 8 References 9 External linksHistory EditEarly history 1853 1900 Edit Washington University was conceived by 17 St Louis business political and religious leaders concerned by the lack of institutions of higher learning in the Midwest 20 Missouri State Senator Wayman Crow and Unitarian minister William Greenleaf Eliot grandfather of the poet T S Eliot led the effort The university s first chancellor was Joseph Gibson Hoyt Crow secured the university charter from the Missouri General Assembly in 1853 and Eliot was named President of the Board of Trustees Early on Eliot solicited support from members of the local business community including John O Fallon but Eliot failed to secure a permanent endowment Washington University is unusual among major American universities in not having had a prior financial endowment The institution had no backing of a religious organization single wealthy patron or earmarked government support William Greenleaf Eliot first president of the Board of TrusteesDuring the three years following its inception the university bore three different names The board first approved Eliot Seminary but William Eliot was uncomfortable with naming a university after himself and objected to the establishment of a seminary which would implicitly be charged with teaching a religious faith He favored a nonsectarian university 21 Under pressure from Eliot the Board of Trustees created a task force charged with naming the university headed by Samuel Treat Several months later Treat s committee proposed naming the University the Washington Institute after the nation s first president George Washington In 1854 the board of trustees changed the name to Washington Institute in honor of George Washington and because the charter was coincidentally passed on Washington s birthday February 22 22 Naming the university after the nation s first president only seven years before the American Civil War and during a time of bitter national division was no coincidence During this time of conflict Americans universally admired George Washington as the father of the United States and a symbol of national unity The board believed that the university should be a force of unity in a strongly divided Missouri In 1856 the university amended its name to Washington University The university amended its name once more in 1976 when the board voted to add the suffix in St Louis to distinguish the university from the over two dozen other universities bearing Washington s name 14 Robert S Brookings Although chartered as a university for many years Washington University functioned primarily as a night school located on 17th Street and Washington Avenue in the heart of downtown St Louis Owing to limited financial resources Washington University initially used public buildings Classes began on October 22 1854 at the Benton School building At first the university paid for the evening classes but as their popularity grew their funding was transferred to the St Louis Public Schools 23 Eventually the board secured funds for the construction of Academic Hall and a half dozen other buildings Later the university divided into three departments the Manual Training School Smith Academy and the Mary Institute In 1867 the university opened the first private nonsectarian law school west of the Mississippi River By 1882 Washington University had expanded to numerous departments which were housed in various buildings across St Louis Medical classes were first held at Washington University in 1891 after the St Louis Medical College decided to affiliate with the university establishing the School of Medicine However by the 1890s the university was on the brink of financial collapse until Robert Sommers Brookings president of the Board of Trustees undertook the task of rebuilding the university s finances and acquiring land for a new campus Brookings was instrumental in raising money for the university since Eliot the primary fundraiser for the university had died In 1896 Holmes Smith professor of Drawing and History of Art designed what would become the basis for the modern day university seal The seal is made up of elements from the Washington family coat of arms and the symbol of Louis IX whom the city is named after 24 Modern era 1900 1955 Edit The Washington University crest at the entrance to Francis Field Washington University spent its first half century in downtown St Louis bounded by Washington Ave Lucas Place and Locust Street By the 1890s owing to the dramatic expansion of the medical school and a new benefactor in Robert Brookings the university began to move west The university board of directors began a process to find suitable ground and hired the landscape architecture firm Olmsted Olmsted amp Eliot of Boston A committee of Robert S Brookings Henry Ware Eliot and William Huse found a site of 103 acres 41 7 ha just beyond Forest Park located west of the city limits in St Louis County The elevation of the land was thought to resemble the Acropolis and inspired the nickname of Hilltop campus renamed the Danforth campus in 2006 to honor former chancellor William H Danforth 25 Brookings Hall during the 1904 World s Fair In 1899 the university opened a national design contest for the new campus 26 The renowned Philadelphia firm Cope amp Stewardson same architects who designed a large part of the University of Pennsylvania and Princeton University won unanimously with its plan for a row of Collegiate Gothic quadrangles inspired by Oxford and Cambridge Universities 27 The cornerstone of the first building Busch Hall was laid on October 20 1900 The construction of Brookings Hall Ridgley and Cupples began shortly thereafter 28 The university delayed occupying these buildings until 1905 to accommodate the 1904 World s Fair and Olympics The delay allowed the university to construct ten buildings instead of the seven originally planned This original cluster of buildings set a precedent for the development of the Danforth Campus Cope amp Stewardson s original plan and its choice of building materials have with few exceptions guided the construction and expansion of the Danforth Campus to the present day 27 By 1915 construction of a new medical complex was completed on Kings Highway in what is now St Louis s Central West End In 1918 Washington University admitted its first women medical students 29 In 1922 a young physics professor Arthur Holly Compton conducted a series of experiments in the basement of Eads Hall that demonstrated the particle concept of electromagnetic radiation Compton s discovery known as the Compton Effect earned him the Nobel Prize in physics in 1927 30 During World War II as part of the Manhattan Project a cyclotron at Washington University was used to produce small quantities of the newly discovered element plutonium via neutron bombardment of uranium nitrate hexahydrate The plutonium produced there in 1942 was shipped to the Metallurgical Laboratory Compton had established at the University of Chicago where Glenn Seaborg s team used it for extraction purification and characterization studies of the exotic substance 30 31 Graham Chapel After working for 22 years at the University of Chicago Arthur Holly Compton returned to St Louis in 1946 to serve as Washington University s ninth chancellor 32 Compton reestablished the Washington University football team making the declaration that athletics were to be henceforth played on a strictly amateur basis with no athletic scholarships Under Compton s leadership enrollment at the university grew dramatically fueled primarily by World War II veterans use of their GI Bill benefits 33 In 1947 Gerty Cori a professor at the School of Medicine became the first woman to win a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Professors Carl and Gerty Cori became Washington University s fifth and sixth Nobel laureates for their discovery of how glycogen is broken down and resynthesized in the body 34 The process of desegregation at Washington University began in 1947 with the School of Medicine and the School of Social Work 35 During the mid and late 1940s the university was the target of critical editorials in the local African American press letter writing campaigns by churches and the local Urban League and legal briefs by the NAACP intended to strip its tax exempt status In spring 1949 a Washington University student group the Student Committee for the Admission of Negroes SCAN began campaigning for full racial integration In May 1952 the board of trustees passed a resolution desegregating the school s undergraduate divisions 36 Recent history 1955 present Edit Brookings Hall Quad During the latter half of the 20th century Washington University transitioned from a strong regional university to a national research institution In 1957 planning began for the construction of the South 40 a complex of modern residential halls which primarily house freshmen and some sophomore students 37 With the additional on campus housing Washington University which had been predominantly a streetcar college of commuter students began to attract a more national pool of applicants 38 By 1964 over two thirds of incoming students came from outside the St Louis area 39 In 1971 the board of trustees appointed Chancellor William Henry Danforth who guided the university through the social and financial crises of the 1970s and strengthened the university s often strained relationship with the St Louis community During his 24 year chancellorship Danforth significantly improved the School of Medicine established 70 new faculty chairs secured a 1 72 billion endowment and tripled the amount of student scholarships 40 In 1995 Mark S Wrighton former provost at MIT was elected the university s 14th Chancellor During Chancellor Wrighton s tenure undergraduate applications to Washington University more than doubled Since 1995 the university has added more than 190 endowed professorships revamped its Arts amp Sciences curriculum and completed more than 30 new buildings 41 Danforth Campus Buildings The growth of Washington University s reputation coincided with a series of record breaking fund raising efforts during the last three decades From 1983 to 1987 the Alliance for Washington University campaign raised 630 5 million which was then the most successful fund raising effort in national history 42 From 1998 to 2004 the Campaign for Washington University raised 1 55 billion which was applied to additional scholarships professorships and research initiatives 43 The campus was the venue for four Presidential debates and one Vice Presidential debate the first 1992 Presidential debate on October 11 1992 the third 2000 Presidential debate on October 17 2000 the second 2004 Presidential debate on October 8 2004 the 2008 Vice Presidential debate on October 2 and the second 2016 Presidential debate on October 9 2016 44 The University was scheduled to host a debate in 1996 but that debate was cancelled when the number of scheduled debates was scaled back to two 45 In 2002 Washington University co founded the Cortex Innovation Community in St Louis s Midtown neighborhood Cortex is the largest innovation hub in the midwest home to offices of Square Microsoft Aon Boeing and Centene The innovation hub has generated more than 3 800 tech jobs in 14 years 46 47 In the summer of 2002 Brookings Hall Room 300 was transformed into the Mission Control center for Steve Fossett s sixth and ultimately successful attempt to circumnavigate the planet in a balloon the Spirit of Freedom 48 49 In 2005 Washington University founded the McDonnell International Scholars Academy an international network of premier research universities with an initial endowment gift of 10 million from John F McDonnell 50 51 The academy which selects scholars from 35 partner universities around the world was created with the intent to develop a cohort of future leaders strengthen ties with top foreign universities and promote global awareness and social responsibility 52 53 At the start of the Fall 2006 semester the St Louis Metro opened the Cross County extension of its light rail MetroLink system Three of the nine new stations directly serve the University Skinker University City Big Bend and Forsyth On July 1 2006 the University began offering free Metro passes the U Pass to all full time students benefits eligible faculty and staff and full time employees of qualified service providers 54 In 2019 Washington University unveiled a 360 million campus transformation project known as the East End Transformation The transformation project built on the original 1895 campus plan by Olmsted Olmsted amp Eliot encompassed 18 acres of the Danforth Campus adding five new buildings expanding the university s Mildred Lane Kemper Art Museum relocating hundreds of surface parking spaces underground and creating an expansive new park 55 In June 2019 Andrew D Martin former dean of the College of Literature Science and the Arts at the University of Michigan was elected the university s 15th chancellor 56 On the day of his inauguration Chancellor Martin announced the WashU Pledge a financial aid program allowing full time Missouri and southern Illinois students who are Pell Grant eligible or from families with annual incomes of 75 000 or less to attend the university cost free 57 In October 2021 Washington University announced it would invest an additional 1 billion in financial aid for students That investment allowed Washington University to adopt a need blind undergraduate admissions policy effective immediately 58 The new financial aid initiative called Gateway to Success will include 800 million in endowed funding to support need blind undergraduate admissions meaning the university will not consider an applicant s financial situation when making admissions decisions while still meeting 100 of demonstrated financial need for admitted undergraduates Another 200 million will be designated for financial aid for graduate and professional students in the university s Brown School the School of Law and the School of Medicine as well as in business engineering art and architecture and Arts amp Sciences 59 In 2022 Washington University was one of 10 universities picked to join the Kessler Scholars National Collaborative which provides support for selected first generation and Pell Grant eligible STEM students who hope to improve society The program aims to recruit 20 fully funded Kessler scholars per year and provide additional opportunities to close the wealth gap 60 Also in 2022 Washington University developed a needle free nasal vaccine to combat COVID 19 61 U S presidential and vice presidential debates Edit 2008 Vice Presidential Debate at the Washington University Field House Washington University has been selected by the Commission on Presidential Debates to host more presidential and vice presidential debates than any other institution in history 62 United States presidential election debates were held at the Washington University Athletic Complex in 1992 2000 2004 and 2016 A presidential debate was planned to occur in 1996 but owing to scheduling difficulties between the candidates the debate was canceled 63 The university hosted the only 2008 vice presidential debate between Republican Sarah Palin and Democrat Joe Biden on October 2 2008 also at the Washington University Athletic Complex The university hosted the second 2016 presidential debate between Republican Party candidate Donald Trump and Democratic Party candidate Hillary Clinton on October 9 2016 64 65 Although Chancellor Wrighton had noted after the 2004 debate that it would be improbable that the university will host another debate and was not eager to commit to the possibility 66 he subsequently changed his view and the university submitted a bid for the 2008 debates 67 These one of a kind events are great experiences for our students they contribute to a national understanding of important issues and they allow us to help bring national and international attention to the St Louis region as one of America s great metropolitan areas said Wrighton 68 The university decided not to host a 2020 presidential debate against the majority opinion of the student body 69 Geography and campuses EditDanforth Campus Edit Bryan HallMain article Danforth Campus The main or Danforth Campus formerly known as the Hilltop Campus is mostly between Forest Park Parkway Wydown Boulevard North Big Bend Boulevard and North Skinker Boulevard Although the school includes St Louis in its name the majority of the school s main campus is located in unincorporated St Louis County and suburban Clayton A large portion of the Danforth Campus is recognized as the Washington University Hilltop Campus Historic District which achieved National Historic Landmark status on February 27 1987 70 71 The Barry Flanagan bronze statue Thinker on a Rock widely known simply as The Bunny is currently on permanent loan to Washington University and features prominently near Olin Library Graham Chapel and Mallinckrodt Danforth Campus includes Arts and Sciences Brookings Hall Center for the Humanities Center for Mental Health Services Research Center for Social Development Crow Observatory Danforth University Center DUC Completed in 2008 it occupies the space where Prince Hall once stood and is the main student center on campus The three story 116 000sqft building features dining areas lounges meeting rooms and offices for student leaders and student services professional staff Housed in the DUC is the Career Center the Student Union student government Student Life newspaper WUTV a recording studio for KWUR the Graduate Center and other on campus groups Francis Olympic Field Gephardt Institute for Civic and Community Engagement International Center for Energy Environment and Sustainability Mallinckrodt Center The central student center on the Danforth Campus It houses the Campus Book Store Computer Store Dining Services the Edison Theatre the Division of Drama the Division of Dance and the Department of Performing Arts WUTV is also housed inside McKelvey School of Engineering Mildred Lane Kemper Art Museum Olin Business School Ridgley Hall This served as the University s first library building until the early 1960s During the 1904 World s Fair Ridgley housed an exhibit of Queen Victoria s Diamond Jubilee gifts The former library reading room was transformed into an ornate lounge space which today is known as Holmes Lounge Ridgley Hall is also the home of several language departments the Committee on Comparative Literature and the Language Lab Sam Fox School of Design amp Visual Arts Skandalaris Center for Interdisciplinary Innovation and Entrepreneurship The Brown School The Center for Teaching and Learning Washington University School of Law Weidenbaum Center on the Economy Government and Public Policy Whitney R Harris World Law InstituteIn 2019 a 360 million renovation project the East End Transformation was unveiled on the Danforth Campus building on the original 1895 campus plan by Olmsted Olmsted amp Eliot The project included the creation of the Gary M Sumers Welcome Center which now houses undergraduate admissions the Craig and Nancy Schnuck Pavilion which houses a cafe the Environmental Studies program and the Office of Sustainability the Henry A and Elvira H Jubel Hall which houses the Department of Mechanical Engineering amp Materials Science in the McKelvey School of Engineering and the James M McKelvey Sr Hall which will be completed in 2020 and open in 2021 and will house the McKelvey School of Engineering s Department of Computer Science amp Engineering All new buildings on the east end have been designed to achieve LEED Gold certification and include solar panels located on many of the roofs to generate renewable electricity In addition to the five new buildings the project relocated 6 acres of parking lots underground renovated and expanded the Mildred Lane Kemper Art Museum and created the Ann and Andrew Tisch Park 55 In 2020 the Princeton Review ranked the Danforth Campus among the top 10 Most Beautiful Campuses in the United States 72 Medical Campus EditThe Medical Campus is accessible via the Central West End MetroLink station which provides a quick link to the Danforth North and West Campuses All full time Washington University students and employees are eligible for a Metro Transit U Pass which grants access to use the MetroLink and Metro buses for free 73 The Washington University Medical Center as seen from Forest Park Washington University Medical Center comprises 164 acres 66 4 ha spread over approximately 12 city blocks located along the eastern edge of Forest Park within the Central West End neighborhood of St Louis The campus is home to the Washington University School of Medicine and its associated teaching hospitals Barnes Jewish Hospital and St Louis Children s Hospital Many of the buildings are connected via a series of skyways and corridors Olin Residence Hall named for Spencer T Olin provides residential services for 200 medical and graduate students 74 The School s 2 100 employed and volunteer faculty physicians also serve as the medical staff of Barnes Jewish and St Louis Children s hospitals which are part of BJC HealthCare Washington University and BJC have taken on many joint venture projects such as the Center for Advanced Medicine completed in December 2001 In 2019 Washington University was awarded a 7 6 million grant from the National Cancer Institute to create the Implementation Science Center for Cancer Control to address disparities in cancer care in parts of Missouri and Illinois 75 In 2022 Washington University s Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences was awarded a five year 61 million grant from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health to focus on precision medicine health equity and diversity 76 BJC Institute of Health at Washington University is the newest research building with 680 000 square feet 63 000 m2 In 2020 Washington University announced the construction of a new 616 million 11 story 609 000 square foot neuroscience research building which will sit at the eastern edge of the Medical Campus in the Cortex Innovation Community Construction of the building is set to be finished in 2023 77 The Medical Campus includes Alvin J Siteman Cancer Center Barnes Jewish Hospital Center for Advanced Medicine Center for Cancer Genomics Center for Women s Infectious Disease Research Archived 2011 07 20 at the Wayback Machine Central Institute for the Deaf Charles F and Joanne Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology McDonnell Genome Institute St Louis Children s HospitalNorth and West Campuses Edit Washington University s North Campus and West Campus principally house administrative functions that are not student focused North Campus lies in St Louis City near the Delmar Loop The university acquired the building and adjacent property in 2004 formerly home to the Angelica Uniform Factory 78 Several university administrative departments are located at the North Campus location including offices for Quadrangle Housing Accounting and Treasury Services Parking and Transportation Services Army ROTC and Network Technology Services The North Campus location also provides off site storage space for the Performing arts Department Renovations are still ongoing recent additions to the North Campus space include a small eatery operated by Bon Appetit Management Company the university s on campus food provider completed during spring semester 2007 as well as the Family Learning Center operated by Bright Horizons and opened in September 2010 The West Campus is located about one mile 1 6 km to the west of the Danforth Campus in Clayton Missouri and primarily consists of a four story former department store building housing mostly administrative space The West Campus building was home to the Clayton branch of the Famous Barr department store until 1990 when the university acquired the property and adjacent parking and began a series of renovations 79 Today the basement level houses the West Campus Library the University Archives the Modern Graphic History Library and conference space The ground level still remains a retail space The upper floors house consolidated capital gifts portions of university advancement and information systems offices from across the Danforth and Medical School campuses There is also a music rehearsal room on the second floor Both the North and West Campuses are accessible by the St Louis MetroLink which with the Delmar Loop and Forsyth MetroLink Stations directly adjacent to these campuses provides easy travel around the St Louis metropolitan area including all of Washington University s campuses Tyson Research Center Edit Main article Tyson Research Center Tyson Research Center is a 1 966 5 acres 3 07 sq mi 795 81 ha field station located west of St Louis on the Meramec River Washington University obtained Tyson as surplus property from the federal government in 1963 It is used by the university as a biological field station and research education center In 2010 the Living Learning Center was named one of the first two buildings accredited nationwide as a living building under the Living Building Challenge 80 opened to serve as a biological research station and classroom for summer students Academics Edit College School foundingCollege School Year foundedCollege of Arts amp Sciences 1853James McKelvey School of Engineering 1854School of Law 1867College of Art 1879School of Medicine 1891College of Architecture 1910Olin Business School 1917Graduate School of Arts amp Sciences 1922George Warren Brown School of Social Work 1925University College 1931Sam Fox School of Design amp Visual Arts 2005Arts and Sciences Edit Main article Arts and Sciences at Washington University in St Louis Holmes Lounge the central reading room on campus where students may study Arts amp Sciences is home to the College of Arts amp Sciences as well as graduate programs across its many departments Feng Sheng Hu is the Dean of the Faculty of Arts amp Sciences 81 The College of Arts amp Sciences is the central undergraduate unit of the university with 330 tenured and tenure track faculty along with over 100 research scientists lecturers artists in residence and visitors serving more than 3 700 undergraduates in 40 academic departments divided into divisions of Humanities Social sciences and Natural sciences and Mathematics The College of Arts amp Sciences has an average class size of 18 students with over 80 having fewer than 24 Almost one half of the undergraduate classes have fewer than 10 students The student faculty ratio is 7 1 2 The College of Arts amp Sciences offers courses in over a dozen languages including Arabic Hebrew Spanish German French Swahili Chinese Japanese Korean Russian Greek Italian Hindi Portuguese and Latin University College in Arts amp Sciences also offers course work in Swedish Vietnamese Irish and Czech Business Edit Main article Olin Business SchoolFounded as the School of Commerce and Finance in 1917 the Olin Business School was named after entrepreneur John M Olin in 1988 The school s academic programs include BSBA MBA Professional MBA PMBA Executive MBA EMBA MS in finance MS in supply chain management MS in customer analytics Master of Accounting Global Master of Finance Dual Degree program and Doctorate programs as well as non degree Executive Education In 2002 an Executive MBA program was established in Shanghai in cooperation with Fudan University Simon Hall is a part of the Olin Business School Olin has a network of more than 16 000 alumni worldwide 82 Over the last several years the school s endowment has increased to 213 million 2004 and annual gifts average 12 million per year 83 Simon Hall was opened in 1986 after a donation from John E Simon On May 2 2014 the 90 million conjoined Knight and Bauer Halls were dedicated following a 15 million gift from Charles F Knight and Joanne Knight and a 10 million gift from George and Carol Bauer through the Bauer Foundation The two buildings are joined by a three story high atrium and include spaces for lectures faculty offices and classrooms The cafe at Bauer Hall includes the only on campus Starbucks In October 2019 Olin Business School ranked 1 on Inc com s Best Business Schools for Entrepreneurship 84 In January 2020 Olin was named the Poets amp Quants MBA Program of 2019 85 Undergraduate BSBA students take 40 60 of their courses within the business school and are able to formally declare majors in eight areas accounting entrepreneurship finance healthcare management marketing managerial economics and strategy organization and human resources International Business and operations and supply chain management Graduate students are able to pursue an MBA either full time or part time Students may also take elective courses from other disciplines at Washington University including law and many other fields Mark P Taylor is the Dean of the Olin Business School School of Design and Visual Arts Edit Main article Sam Fox School of Design amp Visual Arts The Mildred Lane Kemper Art Museum The Sam Fox School of Design amp Visual Arts was founded in 2006 merging the existing academic units of Architecture and Art with the University s museum The School comprises College of Architecture Graduate School of Architecture amp Urban Design College of Art Graduate School of Art Mildred Lane Kemper Art Museum considered one of the most distinguished university art collections in the country 86 Architecture offers BS and BA degrees at the undergraduate level as well as the Master of Architecture Master of Landscape Architecture Master of Urban Design MS in Advanced Architectural Design and MS in Architectural Studies There are also joint degree programs at the graduate level in conjunction with other divisions of the university Art offers BFA and BA degrees at the undergraduate level as well as the MFA in Visual Art and MFA in Illustration amp Visual Culture Art offers BFA and BA degrees at the undergraduate level as well as the MFA in Visual Art and MFA in Illustration amp Visual Culture In October 2006 the Mildred Lane Kemper Art Museum moved into new facilities designed by Pritzker Prize winning architect and former faculty member Fumihiko Maki 87 The art museum was first established in 1881 and was the first art museum west of the Mississippi River It houses most of the University s art and sculpture collections including pieces by Jackson Pollock Robert Rauschenberg Jenny Holzer Pablo Picasso Max Ernst Willem de Kooning Henri Matisse Joan Miro and Rembrandt van Rijn among others Carmon Colangelo is the Ralph J Nagel Dean of the Sam Fox School of Design amp Visual Arts Heather Woofter is director of the College of Architecture and the Graduate School of Architecture amp Urban Design Amy Hauft is the director of the College of Art and Graduate School of Art McKelvey School of Engineering Edit Main article McKelvey School of Engineering Cupples Hall The McKelvey School of Engineering at Washington University in St Louis WashU Engineering is a school with 88 tenured and tenure track professors 40 additional full time faculty 1 300 undergraduate students 560 master s students 380 PhD students and more than 20 000 alumni Aaron Bobick serves as dean of the school With approximately 27million in annual research awards the school focuses intellectual efforts on medicine and health energy and environment entrepreneurship and security The school is ranked among the top 50 by the magazine U S News amp World Report and the biomedical engineering graduate program was ranked 12th by U S News amp World Report in 2012 2013 On January 31 2019 the School of Engineering amp Applied Science was renamed the James McKelvey School of Engineering in honor of trustee and distinguished alumnus Jim McKelvey Jr the co founder of Square after his donation of an undisclosed sum that the school s dean Aaron Bobick said has been the largest in the school s 162 year history Departments include Biomedical Engineering Computer Science amp Engineering Electrical amp Systems Engineering Energy Environmental amp Chemical Engineering Mechanical Engineering amp Materials ScienceSchool of Law Edit Main article Washington University School of LawWashington University School of Law offers joint degree programs with the Olin Business School the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences the School of Medicine and the School of Social Work It also offers an LLM in Intellectual Property and Technology Law an LLM in Taxation an LLM in US Law for Foreign Lawyers a Master of Juridical Studies MJS and a Juris Doctoris JD The law school offers 3 semesters of courses in the Spring Summer and Fall and requires at least 85 credit hours of coursework for the JD In the 2022 and 2021 U S News amp World Report rankings the law school ranked 16th nationally 88 The law school offers a full time day program beginning in August for the J D degree The law school is located in Anheuser Busch Hall opened in 1997 Russell Osgood is the Dean of the School of Law Anheuser Busch Hall home to the School of Law Medicine Edit Main article Washington University School of MedicineThe Washington University School of Medicine was founded in 1891 In the 2021 U S News amp World Report rankings of U S medical schools it was ranked sixth for research 89 and tied for 31st for primary care 90 The McDonnell Genome Institute directed by Richard K Wilson is housed within the Washington University School of Medicine it is one of three NIH funded major DNA sequencing centers in the U S and played a significant role in the Human Genome Project 91 In 2019 the Washington University School of Medicine was the fourth medical school in the United States that received the most NIH funding 92 Washington University School of Medicine The medical school partners with St Louis Children s Hospital and Barnes Jewish Hospital part of BJC HealthCare where all physicians are members of the school s faculty Social Work and Public Health Edit Main article George Warren Brown School of Social Work With roots dating back to 1909 in the university s School of Social Economy the George Warren Brown School of Social Work commonly called GWB the Brown School or Brown was founded in 1925 Brown s academic degree offerings include a Master of Social Work MSW a Master of Public Health MPH a PhD in Social Work and a PhD in Public Health Sciences It is currently ranked first among Master of Social Work programs in the United States 93 The school was endowed by Bettie Bofinger Brown and named for her husband George Warren Brown a St Louis philanthropist and co founder of the Brown Shoe Company The school was the first in the country to have a building for the purpose of social work education and it is also a founding member of the Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health McDonnell International Scholars Academy Edit The McDonnell International Scholars Academy MISA is an alliance between universities that supports collaboration on research development of joint educational opportunities and joint research conferences 94 95 The program is named after John F McDonnell who provided an initial 10 million gift to establish the academy in 2005 96 MISA features a graduate level endowed scholarship program for international students to study at Washington University 97 Founded in 2005 the academy s core mission is to develop a community of future global leaders from partner institutions worldwide 98 The program is believed to be the first of its kind in the United States 57 Former dental school Edit Main article Washington University School of Dental Medicine Founded as the Missouri Dental College in 1866 the Washington University School of Dental Medicine was the first dental school west of the Mississippi River 99 and the sixth dental school in the United States The first dean of the school was Homer Judd 100 The school closed in 1991 101 Rankings and reputation EditAcademic rankingsNationalForbes 102 27THE WSJ 103 17U S News amp World Report 104 14Washington Monthly 105 27GlobalARWU 106 23QS 107 118THE 108 51U S News amp World Report 109 31 Seigle Hall shared by the School of Law and the College of Arts and Sciences Washington University s undergraduate program is ranked 14th in the nation in the 2022 U S News amp World Report National Universities ranking 110 and 11th by The Wall Street Journal in their 2018 rankings 111 The university is ranked 22nd in the world for 2019 by the Academic Ranking of World Universities 112 Undergraduate admission to Washington University is characterized by the Carnegie Foundation and U S News amp World Report as most selective 16 113 The Princeton Review in its 2020 edition gave the university an admissions selectivity rating of 99 out of 99 114 The acceptance rate for the class of 2026 those entering in the fall of 2022 was 10 0 with students selected from more than 36 000 applications Of students admitted 94 percent were in the top 10 percent of their class 115 Admissions statistics2020 enteringclass 116 Change vs 2015 117 Admit rate10 0 0 7 Yield rate40 2 5 1 Test scores middle 50 SAT Total1480 1560 5 median ACT Composite33 35 2 5 median Eads Hall The Princeton Review ranked Washington University first for Best College Dorms and third for Best College Food Best Run Colleges and Best Financial Aid in its 2020 edition 118 In its 2022 edition Princeton Review also ranked Washington University as number 2 for Top Entrepreneurship Under Ten Thousand Students 1 for Top Midwest Entreprenuerships as a Colleges That Create Futures and of having a great quality of life 119 Niche listed the university as the best college for architecture and the second best college campus and college dorms in the United States in 2020 120 The Washington University School of Medicine was ranked sixth for research by U S News amp World Report in 2020 and has been listed among the top ten medical schools since the rankings were first published in 1987 121 Additionally U S News amp World Report ranked the university s genetics and physical therapy as tied for first place 122 123 QS World University Rankings ranked Washington University sixth in the world for anatomy and physiology in 2020 124 In January 2020 Olin Business School was named the Poets amp Quants MBA Program of 2019 85 Washington University has also been recognized as the 12th best university employer in the country by Forbes 125 Washington University was named one of the 25 New Ivies by Newsweek in 2006 126 and has also been called a Hidden Ivy 127 Ridgley Hall A 2014 study ranked Washington University 1 in the country for income inequality 128 About 22 of Washington University s students came from the top 1 while only about 6 came from the bottom 60 129 130 131 In response to this in 2015 university administration announced plans to increase the number of Pell eligible recipients on campus from 6 to 13 by 2020 132 133 134 and in 2019 15 of the university s student body was eligible for Pell Grants 135 In October 2019 then newly inaugurated Chancellor Andrew D Martin announced the WashU Pledge a financial aid program that provides a free undergraduate education to all full time Missouri and Southern Illinois students who are Pell Grant eligible or from families with annual incomes of 75 000 or less 136 The American Talent Initiative found Washington University had the highest Pell growth rate among 130 major universities between the 2015 16 and 2019 20 academic years 137 School RankingsRanking U S News amp World Report Medicine 6 121 U S News amp World Report Law 16 138 U S News amp World Report MBA 30 139 U S News amp World Report Social Work 2 140 BusinessWeek BSBA 25 141 Design Intelligence Architecture 10 142 Financial Times EMBA World Rank 8 143 Research research centers and institutes EditMain article Centers and institutes of Washington University in St Louis Virtually all faculty members at Washington University engage in academic research 144 offering opportunities for both undergraduate and graduate students across the university s seven schools Known for its interdisciplinarity and departmental collaboration many of Washington University s research centers and institutes are collaborative efforts between many areas on campus 145 More than 60 of undergraduates are involved in faculty research across all areas 146 it is an institutional priority for undergraduates to be allowed to participate in advanced research According to the Center for Measuring University Performance it is considered to be one of the top 10 private research universities in the nation 147 A dedicated Office of Undergraduate Research is located on the Danforth Campus and serves as a resource to post research opportunities advise students in finding appropriate positions matching their interests publish undergraduate research journals and award research grants to make it financially possible to perform research 148 Brown Hall According to the National Science Foundation Washington University spent 920 million on research and development in 2020 ranking it 28th in the nation 149 The university has over 150 National Institutes of Health funded inventions with many of them licensed to private companies Governmental agencies and non profit foundations such as the NIH United States Department of Defense National Science Foundation and NASA provide the majority of research grant funding with Washington University being one of the top recipients in NIH grants from year to year Nearly 80 of NIH grants to institutions in the state of Missouri went to Washington University alone in 2007 150 Washington University and its Medical School play a large part in the Human Genome Project where it contributes approximately 25 of the finished sequence 151 The Genome Sequencing Center has decoded the genome of many animals plants and cellular organisms including the platypus chimpanzee cat and corn 152 NASA hosts its Planetary Data System Geosciences Node on the campus of Washington University Professors students and researchers have been heavily involved with many unmanned missions to Mars Professor Raymond Arvidson has been deputy principal investigator of the Mars Exploration Rover mission and co investigator of the Phoenix lander robotic arm 153 Washington University professor Joseph Lowenstein with the assistance of several undergraduate students has been involved in editing annotating making a digital archive of the first publication of poet Edmund Spenser s collective works in 100 years A large grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities was given to support this project centralized at Washington University with support from other colleges in the United States 154 In 2019 Folding Home a distributed computing project for performing molecular dynamics simulations of protein dynamics was moved to Washington University School of Medicine from Stanford University The project currently led by Greg Bowman uses the idle CPU time of personal computers owned by volunteers to conduct protein folding research 155 Folding home s research is primarily focused on biomedical problems such as Alzheimer s disease Cancer Coronavirus disease 2019 and Ebola virus disease In April 2020 Folding home became the world s first exaFLOP computing system with a peak performance of 1 5 exaflops making it more than seven times faster than the world s fastest supercomputer Summit and more powerful than the top 100 supercomputers in the world combined 156 157 Museums and library system EditMain article Washington University Libraries With 12 libraries the Washington University library system is the largest in the state of Missouri containing over 4 2 million volumes 158 The main library Olin Library is centrally located on the Danforth Campus In 2020 the Princeton Review ranked the Olin Library among the top 10 Best College Libraries in the United States 159 Other libraries in the system include Olin Library Kranzberg Art amp Architecture Library Business Library Chemistry Library East Asian Library Law Library Kenneth and Nancy Bernard Becker Medical Library Music Library Physics Library Social Work Library Special Collections amp Archives West Campus Library Reading room in Anheuser Busch Hall The Mildred Lane Kemper Art Museum established in 1881 is one of the oldest teaching museums in the country 160 The collection includes works from 19th 20th and 21st century American and European artists including George Caleb Bingham Thomas Cole Pablo Picasso Max Ernst Alexander Calder Jackson Pollock Rembrandt Robert Rauschenberg Barbara Kruger and Christian Boltanski Also in the complex is the 3 000 sq ft 300 m2 Newman Money Museum exhibiting the collection of American numismatist Eric P Newman In October 2006 the Kemper Art Museum moved from its previous location Steinberg Hall into a new facility designed by former faculty member Fumihiko Maki The new Kemper Art Museum is located directly across from Steinberg Hall which was Maki s first commission in 1959 Campus life EditMain article Campus life at Washington University in St Louis Student body composition as of May 2 2022 Race and ethnicity 161 TotalWhite 48 48 Asian 18 18 Hispanic 11 11 Black 9 9 Other a 7 7 Foreign national 7 7 Economic diversityLow income b 15 15 Affluent c 85 85 Student organizations Edit Women s Building Washington University has over 300 undergraduate student organizations on campus 162 Most are funded by the Washington University Student Union which as of fiscal year 2020 has an annual budget of 3 6 163 million that is completely student controlled and is one of the largest student government budgets in the country Known as SU for short the Student Union sponsors large scale campus programs including WILD a semesterly concert in the quad and free copies of the New York Times USA Today and the St Louis Post Dispatch through The Collegiate Readership Program it also funds the campus television station WUTV and the radio station KWUR KWUR was named best radio station in St Louis of 2003 by the Riverfront Times despite the fact its signal reaches only a few blocks beyond the boundaries of the campus 164 There are 11 fraternities and 9 sororities with approximately 14 of the student body being involved in Greek life 165 The Congress of the South 40 CS40 is a Residential Life and Events Programming Board which operates outside of the SU sphere CS40 s funding comes from the housing activities fee of each student living in the South 40 Many of these organizations and other campus life amenities are housed in the 43 million Danforth University Center on the Danforth Campus also dedicated in honor of the Danforth family 166 The building opened on August 11 2008 and earned LEED Gold certification for its environmentally friendly design 167 McMillan Hall Washington University has a large number of student run musical groups on campus including 13 official a cappella groups The Pikers an all male group is the oldest such group on campus The Greenleafs an all female group is the oldest and only female group on campus The Mosaic Whispers founded in 1991 is the oldest co ed group on campus They have produced 9 albums and have appeared on a number of compilation albums including Ben Folds Ben Folds Presents University A Cappella The Amateurs 168 who also appeared on this album is another co ed a cappella group on campus founded in 1991 They have recorded seven albums and toured extensively After Dark 169 is a co ed a cappella group founded in 2001 It has released three albums and has won several Contemporary A Capella Recording CARA awards In 2008 the group performed on MSNBC during coverage of the vice presidential debate with specially written songs about Joe Biden and Sarah Palin 170 The Ghost Lights founded in 2010 is the campus s newest and only Broadway Movies and Television soundtrack group They have performed multiple philanthropic concerts in the greater St Louis area and were honored in November 2010 with the opportunity to perform for Nobel Laureate Douglass North at his birthday celebration More Fools than Wise is a chamber jazz group and The Aristocats feature Disney songs The campus newspaper is Student Life The paper is published twice a week under the auspices of Washington University Student Media Inc an independent not for profit organization incorporated in 1999 The paper was first founded in 1878 making it one of the oldest student newspapers in the country Washington University also boasts a successful bridge team and in fact has the largest bridge club of all colleges in the country The university currently ranks second nationally in collegiate bridge after reaching the finals of the Collegiate Bridge Bowl at the 2022 North American Bridge Championships 171 Greek life Edit Fraternity Buildings Washington University has eleven fraternities and nine sororities on campus In 2012 the chapter of Sigma Alpha Mu was closed following violations of drug and alcohol policies among students 172 In 2020 a large number of Greek life members primarily from sororities permanently deactivated from their chapters as a result of perceived systematic oppression racism and sexism Some students called for the total abolition of Greek Life on campus 173 As of Spring 2021 approximately 14 of the student body participated in Greek Life 165 Washington University Interfraternity CouncilAlpha Delta Phi Alpha Epsilon Pi Beta Theta Pi Delta Chi Kappa Sigma Sigma Alpha Epsilon Sigma Chi Sigma Nu Sigma Phi Epsilon Tau Kappa Epsilon Theta Xi Zeta Beta TauWashington University Panhellenic CouncilAlpha Epsilon Phi Alpha Omicron Pi Alpha Phi Chi Omega Delta Gamma Gamma Phi Beta Kappa Delta Kappa Kappa GammaResidences Edit The South 40 Washington University is number one on the Princeton Review s Best College Dorms list for 2020 174 Over 50 of undergraduate students live on campus 175 Most of the residence halls on campus are located on the South 40 named because of its adjacent location on the south side of the Danforth Campus and its size of 40 acres 16 ha It is the location of all freshman buildings as well as several sophomore buildings which are set up in the traditional residential college system All of the residential halls are co ed The dormitories on the South 40 have grown national recognition for their large size and large number of amenities 37 The South 40 is organized as a pedestrian friendly environment wherein residences surround a central recreational lawn known as the Swamp Bear s Den the largest dining hall on campus the Habif Health and Wellness Center Student Health Services the Residential Life Office University police Headquarters various student owned businesses and the baseball softball and intramural fields are also located on the South 40 Another group of residences known as the Village is located in the northwest corner of Danforth Campus Only open to upperclassmen and January Scholars the North Side consists of Millbrook Apartments The Village Village East on campus apartments and all fraternity houses except the Zeta Beta Tau house which is off campus and located just northwest of the South 40 Sororities at Washington University do not have houses by their own accord The Village is a group of residences where students who have similar interests or academic goals apply as small groups of 4 to 24 known as BLOCs to live together in clustered suites along with non BLOCs Like the South 40 the residences around the Village also surround a recreational lawn In addition to South 40 and North Side residence halls Washington University owns several apartment buildings within walking distance to Danforth Campus which are open to upperclassmen Student media Edit Washington University supports four major student run media outlets The university s student newspaper Student Life is available for students KWUR 90 3 FM serves as the students official radio station the station also attracts an audience in the immediately surrounding community due to its eclectic and free form musical programming WUTV is the university s closed circuit television channel The university s main student run political publication is the Washington University Political Review nicknamed WUPR a self described multipartisan monthly magazine Washington University undergraduates publish two literary and art journals The Eliot Review and Spires Intercollegiate Arts and Literary Magazine A variety of other publications also serve the university community ranging from in house academic journals to glossy alumni magazines to WUnderground the student run satirical newspaper 176 Athletics Edit Main article Washington University Bears Francis Olympic Field during the 1904 St Louis Olympics Washington University s sports teams are called the Bears They are members of the National Collegiate Athletic Association and participate in the University Athletic Association at the Division III level The Bears have won 23 NCAA Division III Championships two in women s cross country 2011 2018 one in women s indoor track and field 2017 one in women s outdoor track and field 2017 one in men s tennis 2008 two in men s basketball 2008 2009 five in women s basketball 1998 2001 2010 177 ten in women s volleyball 1989 1991 1996 2003 2007 2009 178 and one in women s soccer 2016 179 and 217 UAA titles in 16 different sports 180 The Athletic Department was headed by John Schael for 36 years who served as director of athletics in the period 1978 2014 181 The 2000 Division III Central Region winner of the National Association of Collegiate Directors of Athletics Continental Airlines Athletics Director of the Year award 182 Schael helped orchestrate the Bears athletics transformation into one of the top departments in Division III 182 Schael was succeeded by Josh Whitman 2014 2016 The department is now led by Anthony J Azama Washington University also has an extensive club sports program with teams ranging from men s volleyball 183 to women s Ultimate Frisbee The Washington University men s club water polo team has been particularly successful capturing the Collegiate Water Polo Association Division III Club National Championship title in 2011 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 and 2019 184 185 Funding for club sports comes from the Student Union budget as each club is deemed a campus group Washington University is home of Francis Field site of the 1904 Summer Olympics Francis Field is also home of the Washington University football soccer and track and field teams Traditions Edit Gates at Francis Field WILD Walk In Lay Down the semesterly concert in the Quad which brings in popular musical acts Thurtene Carnival The oldest and largest student run carnival in the nation 186 187 run by Thurtene Honorary 188 Vertigo A dance party put on by the Engineering School Council EnCouncil featuring an innovative 8 by 16 foot 2 4 by 4 9 m computer controlled modular LED illuminated dance floor built by students Cultural shows Each year Washington University student groups put on several multicultural shows Ashoka the South Asian student association puts on a performance for Diwali the Indian festival of lights that includes a skit and dances Black Anthology is a student run performance arts show celebrating black culture Lunar New Year Festival is a collaboration between the many East and Southeast Asian organizations on campus culminating in a show to celebrate the Asian and Asian American experience with a skit and performances from Vietnamese Chinese Japanese and Korean cultures among others Africa Week and the African Film Festival are annual events hosted by the African Students Association Finally the Association of Latin American Students showcases various forms of Latin and Spanish dances during their performance Carnaval Brookings Hall A superstition among students to never step on the university seal at Brookings Hall It is said that doing so will prevent one from graduating on time 189 Convocation A large gathering for new students and their families intended to welcome them to the university Among others it includes speeches from seniors and university leadership 190 DUC N Donuts Taking place on the first Friday of every month at the Danforth University Center DUC this tradition allows students to learn about monthly events while enjoying free coffee and donuts 189 Art Prom Every Spring students from the Sam Fox School of Design and Visual Arts host a formal dance with a creative twist 191 Underpass Panels A series of panels along the walls of the underpass connecting the South 40 to the main Danforth Campus Tradition involves the painting of each panel by students and clubs to advertise upcoming events Located adjacent to the underpass is a large concrete ball also painted to advertise student events 192 Notable People EditMain articles List of Washington University alumni List of Nobel laureates affiliated with Washington University in St Louis as alumni or faculty and List of Washington University faculty and staff Washington University counts more than 156 000 living alumni 29 Rhodes Scholars and 26 Nobel laureates affiliated with the university as faculty or students 193 194 19 Alumni Edit Notable recent graduates of the college include co founder and director of Block Inc Jim McKelvey 195 chairman of Manchester United Avram Glazer 196 CEO of Lionsgate Films Jon Feltheimer 197 former deputy director of the FBI Andrew McCabe 198 199 founder of Men s Wearhouse George Zimmer 200 former executive director of Greenpeace Phil Radford 201 founder of Gilead Sciences Michael L Riordan 202 Deputy Prime Minister of Serbia Sinisa Mali 203 Broadway Playwright and lyricist Steven Sater 204 Missouri Senator Jim Talent 205 former director of the FBI and former director of Central Intelligence William H Webster 206 207 Nevada Senator Chic Hecht 208 Nebraska Congressman Hal Daub 209 Pulitzer Prize winning journalists Ken Cooper 210 211 and Hank Klibanoff 212 former President of Planned Parenthood Leana Wen 213 actor and director Harold Ramis Ghostbusters Caddyshack Animal House National Lampoon s Vacation film series 214 Tony Award winning theatrical producer David Merrick 215 216 baseball player Dal Maxvill 217 first director of the World Health Organization s Global Program on AIDS Jonathan Mann 218 science show host Deanne Bell Design Squad 219 NASA astronaut Bob Behnken 220 the first Black woman from Michigan to serve on the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit Stephanie Dawkins Davis 221 222 Stephanie Dawkins Davis New York Times best selling author Susannah Cahalan 223 sociologist Pepper Schwartz 224 CDC director Rochelle Walensky 225 226 television actor Johnny Kastl 227 SiriusXM Urban View radio talk show host Joe Madison 228 41st Attorney General of Missouri Chris Koster 229 U S Deputy Secretary of Health and Human Services Andrea Palm 230 and Paralympic Gold Medalist Kendall Gretsch 231 Earlier undergraduate alumni include J C R Licklider 232 pioneer in artificial intelligence Charles Nagel 233 founder of the U S Chamber of Commerce Julian W Hill 234 co inventor of nylon Clyde Cowan 235 co discoverer of the neutrino James R Thompson 236 Governor of Illinois United States Secretary of the Interior and Governor of Missouri David R Francis 237 U S Ambassador to Belgium Sam Fox 238 Edward Singleton Holden president of the University of California 239 Thomas Lamb Eliot 240 founder of Reed College and Abram L Sachar 241 founding president of Brandeis University Graduates of the College of Architecture include George Hellmuth 242 Gyo Obata 243 and George Kassabaum 244 founders of HOK the world s fourth largest architectural firm Graduate School alumni include Nobel laureates Earl Sutherland 245 Edwin Krebs 246 and Daniel Nathans 247 who all graduated from the School of Medicine Businessman and adventurer Steve Fossett 248 earned his MBA from the business school Law school graduate Joseph Poindexter 249 was governor of Hawaii during the Pearl Harbor attack Doctoral alumni include the former presidents of Johns Hopkins Clemson Wake Forest Morehouse Mount Union Yonsei and Hong Kong University of Science and Technology An alumnus of the Graduate School of Architecture C P Wang March 1973 designed Taipei 101 the world s second tallest building Mike Simpson the U S representative for Idaho s 2nd congressional district is a graduate of the Dental School 250 Notable students who dropped out Charles Eames who was expelled for defending modernist architecture 251 actor Peter Sarsgaard Boys Don t Cry An Education Flight Plan 252 Tennessee Williams who left in protest at not winning a playwriting prize 253 254 Enterprise Rent a Car founder Jack C Taylor who withdrew to fight in World War II 255 actor Robert Guillaume who withdrew to study opera 256 Pulitzer Prize winner and bestselling author Bill Dedman who left to become a newspaper reporter 257 and IQ record holder Marilyn vos Savant to help with a family investment business 258 Tennessee Williams 20th century Playwright of American drama Charles Nagel Founder of the United States Chamber of Commerce Harold Ramis Actor director Ghostbusters Caddyshack Animal House National Lampoon s Vacation film series Andrew McCabe former Deputy Director of the FBI Rochelle Walensky 19th Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Jim McKelvey Co founder and director of Block Inc Leana Wen Former President of Planned Parenthood Bob Behnken NASA Astronaut Test engineer Stephanie Davis First Black woman from Michigan to serve on the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit Clyde Cowan Co discoverer of the Neutrino J C R Licklider Pioneer in artificial intelligence and the Internet Peter Sarsgaard Award winning actor William H Webster only person to have served as director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation and director of Central Intelligence Phoebe Couzins First woman U S Marshal Sam Fox former United States Ambassador to Belgium Phil Radford Cofounder of the Democracy Initiative and Former Executive Director of Greenpeace Chris Koster 41st Attorney General of Missouri Andrea Palm United States Deputy Secretary of Health and Human Services Joe Madison radio talk show on SiriusXM Urban View Mike Simpson U S representative for Idaho s 2nd congressional district Steven Sater Broadway lyricist and playwright Spring Awakening Faculty Edit Notable faculty include economist and Nobel Memorial Prize winner Douglass North 259 husband and wife biochemists and co Nobel Prize winners Carl and Gerty Cori 260 261 56th governor of Missouri Eric Greitens 262 cofounder and first executive director of the ACLU Roger Nash Baldwin 263 physicist and Nobel Prize winner Arthur Holly Compton 264 novelists Stanley Elkin 265 and William Gass 266 267 Head of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching and 5th President of MIT Henry Smith Pritchett 268 leading ecologist Barry Commoner 269 270 poets Carl Phillips 271 and Mary Jo Bang 272 architects Fumihiko Maki 273 and Louis C Spering 274 American legal scholar Bruce H Mann 275 neurologist and Nobel Prize winner Rita Levi Montalcini 276 United States Senator from Missouri Thomas Eagleton 277 notable artist Max Beckmann 278 sex researchers William Masters and Virginia Johnson 279 Poets Laureate Howard Nemerov and Mona Van Duyn sociologist and outlaw Marxist Alvin Ward Gouldner attorney former Counsel to Vice president Al Gore and former Tennessee Attorney General Charles Burson writer and culture critic Gerald Early 280 founder of the American Association of University Arthur Oncken Lovejoy 281 video game designer Ian Bogost 282 economist and former Chair of President Ronald Reagan s Council of Economic Advisors Murray Weidenbaum 283 chairman and CEO of Merck amp Co Roy Vagelos 284 chemist Joseph W Kennedy co discoverer of the element plutonium sociologist Adia Harvey Wingfield 285 former vice president of the National Academy of Sciences Barbara Schaal 286 first woman Director of both the National Gallery of Canada and the Philadelphia Museum of Art Jean Sutherland Boggs 287 Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States Wiley Rutledge 288 chemist Holden Thorp editor in chief of Science Magazine 289 and Law Professor Peter Mutharika former president of Malawi 290 Bruce H Mann American legal scholar and husband of U S Senator Elizabeth Warren Wiley Rutledge Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States Roger Nash Baldwin Cofounder of the American Civil Liberties Union Gerty Cori First woman to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Peter Mutharika former President of Malawi Thomas Eagleton United States Senator from Missouri Arthur Holly Compton Discoverer of the Compton effect Mona Van Duyn United States Poet Laureate Douglass North Nobel Laureate Economist Barry Commoner Leading ecologist and a founder of the modern environmental movement Barbara Schaal First woman to be elected vice president of the National Academy of Sciences Murray Weidenbaum 12th Chair of the Council of Economic Advisers Alfred Hershey Nobel Laureate bacteriologist known for the Hershey Chase experiment Mary Jo Bang Guggenheim Fellow 2004 Louis C Spiering architect who worked on building designs for the St Louis World s Fair Rita Levi Montalcini neurologist and Nobel laurete for the discovery of nerve growth factor Joseph W Kennedy Co discoverer of Plutonium Fumihiko Maki United Nations new building architect Ian Bogost Game Studies scholar and video game designer Henry Smith Pritchett Head of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching and 5th President of MIT Roy Vagelos chairman and CEO of Merck amp Co Other consists of Multiracial Americans amp those who prefer to not say The 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