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The New York Times

January 15, 2023

This article is about the newspaper. For its owner, see The New York Times Company. For the song "New York Times", see Back to Earth (Cat Stevens album). For other uses of "NYT", see NYT (disambiguation).

The New York Times (the Times, NYT, or the Gray Lady)[4] is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2022 to comprise 740,000 paid print subscribers, and 8.6 million paid digital subscribers. It also is a producer of popular podcasts such as The Daily.[5][6][7] Founded in 1851, it is published by The New York Times Company. The Times has won 132 Pulitzer Prizes, the most of any newspaper,[8] and has long been regarded as a national "newspaper of record".[9] For print, it is ranked 18th in the world by circulation and 3rd in the U.S.[10]

The New York Times
All the News That's Fit to Print
Front page for March 26, 2018
TypeDaily newspaper
FormatBroadsheet
Owner(s)The New York Times Company
Founder(s)
PublisherA. G. Sulzberger[1]
Editor-in-chiefJoseph Kahn[1]
Managing editor
Staff writers2,000 news staff (2022)[2]
FoundedSeptember 18, 1851; 171 years ago (1851-09-18) (as New-York Daily Times)
HeadquartersThe New York Times Building, 620 Eighth Avenue
New York City, NY, U.S.
CountryUnited States
Circulation
  • 9,330,000 news subscribers
    • 8,590,000 digital-only
    • 740,000 print
(as of November 2022[3])
Sister newspapersInternational Herald Tribune (1967–2013)
The New York Times International Edition (1943–1967; 2013–currently)
ISSN0362-4331 (print)
1553-8095 (web)
OCLC number1645522
Websitewww.nytimes.com

The New York Times Company, which is publicly traded, has been governed by the Sulzberger family since 1896, through a dual-class share structure.[11] A. G. Sulzberger, the paper's publisher and the company's chairman, is the fifth generation of the family to head the paper.[12][13]

Since the mid-1970s, The New York Times has expanded its layout and organization, adding special weekly sections on various topics supplementing the regular news, editorials, sports, and features. Since 2008,[14] the Times has been organized into the following sections: News, Editorials/Opinions-Columns/Op-Ed, New York (metropolitan), Business, Sports, Arts, Science, Styles, Home, Travel, and other features.[15] On Sundays, the Times is supplemented by the Sunday Review (formerly the Week in Review),[16] The New York Times Book Review,[17] The New York Times Magazine,[18] and T: The New York Times Style Magazine.[19] The editorial pages of The New York Times are typically liberal in their positions.[20][21]

History

Origins

 
First published issue of New-York Daily Times, on September 18, 1851
 
Front page of The New York Times on July 29, 1914, announcing Austria-Hungary's declaration of war against Serbia

The New York Times was founded as the New-York Daily Times on September 18, 1851.[a] Founded by journalist and politician Henry Jarvis Raymond and former banker George Jones, the Times was initially published by Raymond, Jones & Company.[23][24] Early investors in the company included Edwin B. Morgan,[25] Christopher Morgan,[26] and Edward B. Wesley.[27] Sold for a penny (equivalent to $0.33 in 2021), the inaugural edition attempted to address various speculations on its purpose and positions that preceded its release:[28]

We shall be Conservative, in all cases where we think Conservatism essential to the public good;—and we shall be Radical in everything which may seem to us to require radical treatment and radical reform. We do not believe that everything in Society is either exactly right or exactly wrong;—what is good we desire to preserve and improve;—what is evil, to exterminate, or reform.

In 1852, the newspaper started a western division, The Times of California, which arrived whenever a mail boat from New York docked in California. The effort failed once local California newspapers came into prominence.[29]

On September 14, 1857, the newspaper officially shortened its name to The New-York Times. The hyphen in the city name was dropped on December 1, 1896.[30] On April 21, 1861, The New York Times began publishing a Sunday edition to offer daily coverage of the Civil War.

The main office of The New York Times was attacked during the New York City draft riots. The riots, sparked by the institution of a draft for the Union Army, began on July 13, 1863. On "Newspaper Row", across from City Hall, co-founder Henry Raymond stopped the rioters with Gatling guns, early machine guns, one of which he wielded himself. The mob diverted, instead attacking the headquarters of abolitionist publisher Horace Greeley's New York Tribune until being forced to flee by the Brooklyn City Police, who had crossed the East River to help the Manhattan authorities.[31]

In 1869, Henry Raymond died, and George Jones took over as publisher.[32]

 
The Times Square Building, The New York Times' publishing headquarters, 1913–2007

The newspaper's influence grew in 1870 and 1871, when it published a series of exposés on William Tweed, leader of the city's Democratic Party — popularly known as "Tammany Hall" (from its early-19th-century meeting headquarters) — that led to the end of the Tweed Ring's domination of New York's City Hall.[33] Tweed had offered The New York Times five million dollars (equivalent to 113 million dollars in 2021) to not publish the story.[25]

In the 1880s, The New York Times gradually transitioned from supporting Republican Party candidates in its editorials to becoming more politically independent and analytical.[34] In 1884, the paper supported Democrat Grover Cleveland (former mayor of Buffalo and governor of New York) in his first presidential campaign.[35] While this move cost The New York Times a portion of its readership among its more Republican readers (revenue declined from $188,000 to $56,000 from 1883 to 1884), the paper eventually regained most of its lost ground within a few years.[36]

Ochs era

After George Jones died in 1891, Charles Ransom Miller and other New York Times editors raised $1 million (equivalent to $30 million in 2021) to buy the Times, printing it under the New York Times Publishing Company.[37][38] The newspaper found itself in a financial crisis by the Panic of 1893,[36] and by 1896, the newspaper had a circulation of less than 9,000 and was losing $1,000 a day. That year, Adolph Ochs, the publisher of the Chattanooga Times, gained a controlling interest in the company for $75,000.[39]

Shortly after assuming control of the paper, Ochs coined the paper's slogan, "All The News That's Fit To Print". This slogan has endured, appearing in the paper since September 1896, and has been printed in a box in the upper left hand corner of the front page since early 1897.[35] The slogan was seen as a jab at competing publications, such as Joseph Pulitzer's New York World and William Randolph Hearst's New York Journal, which were known for a lurid, sensationalist and often inaccurate reporting of facts and opinions, described by the end of the century as "yellow journalism".[40] Under Ochs' guidance, aided by Carr Van Anda, The New York Times achieved international scope, circulation, and reputation; Sunday circulation went from under 9,000 in 1896 to 780,000 in 1934.[39] Van Anda also created the newspaper's photo library, now colloquially referred to as "the morgue."[41] In 1904, during the Russo-Japanese War, The New York Times, along with The Times, received the first on-the-spot wireless telegraph transmission from a naval battle: a report of the destruction of the Russian Navy's Baltic Fleet, at the Battle of Port Arthur, from the press-boat Haimun.[42] In 1910, the first air delivery of The New York Times to Philadelphia began.[35] In 1919, The New York Times' first trans-Atlantic delivery to London occurred by dirigible balloon. In 1920, during the 1920 Republican National Convention, a "4 A.M. Airplane Edition" was sent to Chicago by plane, so it could be in the hands of convention delegates by evening.[43]

In 1920, Walter Lippmann and Charles Merz published "A Test of the News", about the Times' coverage of the Russian Revolution. They concluded that its news stories were not based on facts, but "were determined by the hopes of the men who made up the news organisations." The newspaper referred to events that had not taken place, atrocities that did not exist, and reported no fewer than 91 times that the Bolshevik regime was on the verge of collapse.[44]

Post-war expansion

 
The New York Times newsroom, 1942

Ochs died in 1935[45] and was succeeded as publisher by his son-in-law, Arthur Hays Sulzberger.[46] Under his leadership, and that of his son-in-law (and successor),[47] Orvil Dryfoos,[48] the paper extended its breadth and reach, beginning in the 1940s. The crossword began appearing regularly in 1942, and the fashion section first appeared in 1946. The New York Times began an international edition in 1946. (The international edition stopped publishing in 1967, when The New York Times joined the owners of the New York Herald Tribune and The Washington Post to publish the International Herald Tribune in Paris.)

After only two years as publisher, Dryfoos died in 1963[49] and was succeeded[50] by his brother-in-law, Arthur Ochs "Punch" Sulzberger, who led the Times until 1992 and continued the expansion of the paper.[51]

New York Times v. Sullivan (1964)

Main article: New York Times Co. v. Sullivan

The paper's involvement in a 1964 libel case helped bring one of the key United States Supreme Court decisions supporting freedom of the press, New York Times Co. v. Sullivan. In it, the United States Supreme Court established the "actual malice" standard for press reports about public officials or public figures to be considered defamatory or libelous. The malice standard requires the plaintiff in a defamation or libel case to prove the publisher of the statement knew the statement was false or acted in reckless disregard of its truth or falsity. Because of the high burden of proof on the plaintiff, and difficulty proving malicious intent, such cases by public figures rarely succeed.[52]

The Pentagon Papers (1971)

Main article: Pentagon Papers

In 1971, the Pentagon Papers, a secret United States Department of Defense history of the United States' political and military involvement in the Vietnam War from 1945 to 1967, were given ("leaked") to Neil Sheehan of The New York Times by former State Department official Daniel Ellsberg, with his friend Anthony Russo assisting in copying them. The New York Times began publishing excerpts as a series of articles on June 13. Controversy and lawsuits followed. The papers revealed, among other things, that the government had deliberately expanded its role in the war by conducting airstrikes over Laos, raids along the coast of North Vietnam, and offensive actions were taken by the U.S. Marines well before the public was told about the actions, all while President Lyndon B. Johnson had been promising not to expand the war. The document increased the credibility gap for the U.S. government, and hurt efforts by the Nixon administration to fight the ongoing war.[53]

When The New York Times began publishing its series, President Richard Nixon became incensed. His words to National Security Advisor Henry Kissinger included "People have gotta be put to the torch for this sort of thing" and "Let's get the son-of-a-bitch in jail."[54] After failing to get The New York Times to stop publishing, Attorney General John Mitchell and President Nixon obtained a federal court injunction that The New York Times cease publication of excerpts. The newspaper appealed and the case began working through the court system.

On June 18, 1971, The Washington Post began publishing its own series. Ben Bagdikian, a Post editor, had obtained portions of the papers from Ellsberg. That day the Post received a call from William Rehnquist, an assistant U.S. Attorney General for the Office of Legal Counsel, asking them to stop publishing. When the Post refused, the U.S. Justice Department sought another injunction. The U.S. District court judge refused, and the government appealed.

On June 26, 1971, the U.S. Supreme Court agreed to take both cases, merging them into New York Times Co. v. United States.[55] On June 30, 1971, the Supreme Court held in a 6–3 decision that the injunctions were unconstitutional prior restraints and that the government had not met the burden of proof required. The justices wrote nine separate opinions, disagreeing on significant substantive issues. While it was generally seen as a victory for those who claim the First Amendment enshrines an absolute right to free speech, many felt it a lukewarm victory, offering little protection for future publishers when claims of national security were at stake.[53]

Late 1970s–1990s

In the 1970s, the paper introduced a number of new lifestyle sections, including Weekend and Home, with the aim of attracting more advertisers and readers. Many criticized the move for betraying the paper's mission.[56] On September 7, 1976, the paper switched from an eight-column format to a six-column format. The overall page width stayed the same, with each column becoming wider.[57] On September 14, 1987, the Times printed the heaviest-ever newspaper, at over 12 pounds (5.4 kg) and 1,612 pages.[58]

In 1992, "Punch" Sulzberger stepped down as publisher; his son, Arthur Ochs Sulzberger Jr., succeeded him, first as publisher[59] and then as chairman of the board in 1997.[60] The Times was one of the last newspapers to adopt color photography, with the first color photograph on the front page appearing on October 16, 1997.[61]

Digital era

Early digital content

 
A speech in the newsroom after announcement of Pulitzer Prize winners, 2009

The New York Times switched to a digital production process sometime before 1980, but only began preserving the resulting digital text that year.[62] In 1983, the Times sold the electronic rights to its articles to LexisNexis. As the online distribution of news increased in the 1990s, the Times decided not to renew the deal and in 1994 the newspaper regained electronic rights to its articles.[63] On January 22, 1996, NYTimes.com began publishing.[64]

2000s

In August 2007, the paper reduced the physical size of its print edition, cutting the page width from 13.5 inches (34 cm) to a 12 inches (30 cm). This followed similar moves by a roster of other newspapers in the previous ten years, including USA Today, The Wall Street Journal, and The Washington Post. The move resulted in a 5% reduction in news space, but (in an era of dwindling circulation and significant advertising revenue losses) also saved about $12 million a year.[65][66]

In September 2008, The New York Times announced that it would be combining certain sections effective October 6, 2008, in editions printed in the New York metropolitan area.[65] The changes folded the Metro Section into the main International / National news section and combined Sports and Business (except Saturday through Monday, while Sports continues to be printed as a standalone section). This change also included having the Metro section called New York outside of the Tri-State Area. The presses used by The New York Times can allow four sections to be printed simultaneously; as the paper includes more than four sections on all days except for Saturday, the sections were required to be printed separately in an early press run and collated together. The changes allowed The New York Times to print in four sections Monday through Wednesday, in addition to Saturday. The New York Times' announcement stated that the number of news pages and employee positions would remain unchanged, with the paper realizing cost savings by cutting overtime expenses.[14]

Because of its declining sales largely attributed to the rise of online news sources, favored especially by younger readers, and the decline of advertising revenue, the newspaper had been going through a downsizing for several years, offering buyouts to workers and cutting expenses,[67] in common with a general trend among print news media. Following industry trends, its weekday circulation had fallen in 2009 to fewer than one million.[68]

In 2009, the newspaper began production of local inserts in regions outside of the New York area. Beginning October 16, 2009, a two-page "Bay Area" insert was added to copies of the Northern California edition on Fridays and Sundays. The newspaper commenced production of a similar Friday and Sunday insert to the Chicago edition on November 20, 2009. The inserts consist of local news, policy, sports, and culture pieces, usually supported by local advertisements.

2010s

In December 2012, the Times published "Snow Fall", a six-part article about the 2012 Tunnel Creek avalanche which integrated videos, photos, and interactive graphics and was hailed as a watershed moment for online journalism.[69][70]

In 2013, "How Y’all, Youse and You Guys Talk," an interactive quiz created by intern Josh Katz,[71] based on the Harvard Dialect Survey, which collected responses of more than 50,000 people answering 122 questions about the way they said different things across the United States[72] became the Times most popular piece of content of the year.[71]

In 2016, reporters for the newspaper were reportedly the target of cybersecurity breaches. The Federal Bureau of Investigation was reportedly investigating the attacks. The cybersecurity breaches have been described as possibly being related to cyberattacks that targeted other institutions, such as the Democratic National Committee.[73]

During the 2016 presidential election, the Times played an important role in elevating the Hillary Clinton emails controversy into the most important subject of media coverage in the election which Clinton would lose narrowly to Donald Trump. The controversy received more media coverage than any other topic during the presidential campaign.[74][75][76] Clinton and other observers argue that coverage of the emails controversy contributed to her loss in the election.[77] According to a Columbia Journalism Review analysis, "in just six days, The New York Times ran as many cover stories about Hillary Clinton's emails as they did about all policy issues combined in the 69 days leading up to the election (and that does not include the three additional articles on October 18, and November 6 and 7, or the two articles on the emails taken from John Podesta)."[74]

In October 2018, the Times published a 14,218-word investigation into Donald Trump's "self-made" fortune and tax avoidance, an 18-month project based on examination of 100,000 pages of documents. The extensive article ran as an eight-page feature in the print edition and also was adapted into a shortened 2,500 word listicle featuring its key takeaways.[78] After the midweek front-page story, the Times also republished the piece as a 12-page "special report" section in the Sunday paper.[79] During the lengthy investigation, Showtime cameras followed the Times' three investigative reporters for a half-hour documentary called The Family Business: Trump and Taxes, which aired the following Sunday.[80][81][82] The report won a Pulitzer Prize for Explanatory Reporting.[83]

In May 2019, The New York Times announced that it would present a television news program based on news from its individual reporters stationed around the world and that it would premiere on FX and Hulu.[84]

2020s

In August 2021, the paper announced an effort to make 18 newsletters available only to subscribers, even though some of the most popular ones would remain free. Part of this was in response to competition from Substack.[85][86][87][88][89]

In January 2022, the New York Times Company announced that it would acquire The Athletic, a subscription-based sports news website. The $550 million deal is expected to close in the first quarter of 2022, and The Athletic's co-founders, Alex Mather and Adam Hansmann, would stay with the publication, which would continue to be run separately from the Times.[90][91] Recode/Vox reported that this acquisition was part of an effort for the paper to get a younger, more diverse readership, as were offerings like games, cooking, and audio.[92] The same month, the paper announced it was acquiring Wordle, a relatively new game that became popular rather quickly and that would remain free "initially."[93][94][95][96][97][98]

In April 2022, The New York Times published a three-part 20,000-word investigative series on Fox News host Tucker Carlson called "American Nationalist". The investigative series documents Carlson's rise to prominence and his rhetoric on immigration, race relations and the COVID-19 pandemic.[99][100][101][102][103] Carlson responded by saying that he has not read "American Nationalist" and does not plan to. He also denied allegations from the Times about obsessing over ratings, saying that "I've never read the ratings a single day in my life. I don't even know how. Ask anyone at Fox," and that "Most of the big positions I've taken in the past five years—against the neocons, the vax and the war [in Ukraine]—have been very unpopular with our audience at first."[99]

In December 2022, over 1,000 Times staffers staged a strike for the first time in over 40 years.[104]

Headquarters building

The newspaper's first building was located at 113 Nassau Street in New York City. In 1854, it moved to 138 Nassau Street, and in 1858 to 41 Park Row, making it the first newspaper in New York City housed in a building built specifically for its use.[105]

The newspaper moved its headquarters to the Times Tower, located at 1475 Broadway in 1904,[106] in an area then called Longacre Square, that was later renamed Times Square in the newspaper's honor.[107] The top of the building—now known as One Times Square—is the site of the New Year's Eve tradition of lowering a lighted ball, which was begun by the paper.[108] The building is also known for its electronic news ticker—popularly known as "The Zipper"—where headlines crawl around the outside of the building.[109] It is still in use, but has been operated by Dow Jones & Company since 1995.[110] After nine years in its Times Square tower, the newspaper had an annex built at 229 West 43rd Street.[111] After several expansions, the 43rd Street building became the newspaper's main headquarters in 1960 and the Times Tower on Broadway was sold the following year.[112] It served as the newspaper's main printing plant until 1997, when the newspaper opened a state-of-the-art printing plant in the College Point section of Queens.[113]

A decade later, The New York Times moved its newsroom and businesses headquarters from West 43rd Street to a new tower at 620 Eighth Avenue between West 40th and 41st Streets, in Manhattan, directly across Eighth Avenue from the Port Authority Bus Terminal. The new headquarters for the newspaper, known officially as The New York Times Building but unofficially called the new "Times Tower" by many New Yorkers, is a skyscraper designed by Renzo Piano.[114][115]

Gender discrimination in employment

Discriminatory practices used by the paper long restricted women in appointments to editorial positions. The newspaper's first general female reporter was Jane Grant, who described her experience afterward: "In the beginning I was charged not to reveal the fact that a female had been hired". Other reporters nicknamed her Fluff and she was subjected to considerable hazing. Because of her gender, any promotion was out of the question, according to the then-managing editor. She remained on the staff for fifteen years, interrupted by World War I.[116]

In 1935, Anne McCormick wrote to Arthur Hays Sulzberger: "I hope you won't expect me to revert to 'woman's-point-of-view' stuff."[117] Later, she interviewed major political leaders and appears to have had easier access than her colleagues. Even witnesses of her actions were unable to explain how she gained the interviews she did.[118] Clifton Daniel said, "[After World War II,] I'm sure Adenauer called her up and invited her to lunch. She never had to grovel for an appointment."[119]

Covering world leaders' speeches after World War II at the National Press Club was limited to men by a club rule. When women were eventually allowed to hear the speeches directly, they were still not allowed to ask the speakers questions. Men were allowed and did ask, even though some of the women had won Pulitzer Prizes for prior work.[120] Times reporter Maggie Hunter refused to return to the club after covering one speech on assignment.[121] Nan Robertson's article on the Union Stock Yards, Chicago, was read aloud as anonymous by a professor, who then said: "'It will come as a surprise to you, perhaps, that the reporter is a girl,' he began... [G]asps; amazement in the ranks. 'She had used all her senses, not just her eyes, to convey the smell and feel of the stockyards. She chose a difficult subject, an offensive subject. Her imagery was strong enough to revolt you.'"[122] The New York Times hired Kathleen McLaughlin after ten years at the Chicago Tribune, where "[s]he did a series on maids, going out herself to apply for housekeeping jobs."[123]

Slogan

The New York Times has had one slogan. Since 1896, the newspaper's slogan has been "All the News That's Fit to Print." In 1896, Adolph Ochs held a competition to attempt to find a replacement slogan, offering a $100 prize for the best one. Though he later announced that the original would not be changed, the prize would still be awarded. Entries included "News, Not Nausea"; "In One Word: Adequate"; "News Without Noise"; "Out Heralds The Herald, Informs The World, and Extinguishes The Sun"; "The Public Press is a Public Trust"; and the winner of the competition, "All the world's news, but not a school for scandal."[124][125][126][127] On May 10, 1960, Wright Patman asked the FTC to investigate whether The New York Times's slogan was misleading or false advertising. Within 10 days, the FTC responded that it was not.[128]

Again in 1996, a competition was held to find a new slogan, this time for NYTimes.com. Over 8,000 entries were submitted, with "All the News That's Fit to Print" found to be the best.[129]

Organization

 
The New York Times headquarters, 620 Eighth Avenue

Meredith Kopit Levien has been president and chief executive officer since September 2020.[130]

News staff

In addition to its New York City headquarters, the paper has newsrooms in London and Hong Kong.[131][132] Its Paris newsroom, which had been the headquarters of the paper's international edition, was closed in 2016, although the city remains home to a news bureau and an advertising office.[133][134] The paper also has an editing and wire service center in Gainesville, Florida.[135]

As of 2013, the newspaper had six news bureaus in the New York region, 14 elsewhere in the United States, and 24 in other countries.[136]

In 2009, Russ Stanton, editor of the Los Angeles Times, a competitor, stated that the newsroom of The New York Times was twice the size of the Los Angeles Times, which had a newsroom of 600 at the time.[137]

To facilitate their reporting and to hasten an otherwise lengthy process of reviewing many documents during preparation for publication, their interactive news team has adapted optical character recognition technology into a proprietary tool known as Document Helper.[138] It enables the team to accelerate the processing of documents that need to be reviewed. During March 2019, they documented that this tool enabled them to process 900 documents in less than ten minutes in preparation for reporters to review the contents.[139]

The newspaper's editorial staff, including over 3,000 reporters and media staff, are unionized with NewsGuild. In 2021, the Times's digital technology staff formed a union with NewsGuild,[140] which the company declined to voluntarily recognize.[141]

Ochs-Sulzberger family

In 1896, Adolph Ochs bought The New York Times, a money-losing newspaper, and formed the New York Times Company. The Ochs-Sulzberger family, one of the United States' newspaper dynasties, has owned The New York Times ever since.[35] The publisher went public on January 14, 1969, trading at $42 a share on the American Stock Exchange.[142] After this, the family continued to exert control through its ownership of the vast majority of Class B voting shares. Class A shareholders are permitted restrictive voting rights, while Class B shareholders are allowed open voting rights.

The Ochs-Sulzberger family trust controls roughly 88 percent of the company's class B shares. Any alteration to the dual-class structure must be ratified by six of eight directors who sit on the board of the Ochs-Sulzberger family trust. The trust board members are Daniel H. Cohen, James M. Cohen, Lynn G. Dolnick, Susan W. Dryfoos, Michael Golden, Eric M. A. Lax, Arthur O. Sulzberger Jr., and Cathy J. Sulzberger.[143]

Turner Catledge, the top editor at The New York Times from 1952 to 1968, wanted to hide the ownership influence. Arthur Sulzberger routinely wrote memos to his editor, each containing suggestions, instructions, complaints, and orders. When Catledge would receive these memos, he would erase the publisher's identity before passing them to his subordinates. Catledge thought that if he removed the publisher's name from the memos, it would protect reporters from feeling pressured by the owner.[144]

Public editors

The position of public editor was established in 2003 to "investigate matters of journalistic integrity"; each public editor was to serve a two-year term.[145] The post "was established to receive reader complaints and question Times journalists on how they make decisions."[146] The impetus for the creation of the public editor position was the Jayson Blair affair. Public editors were: Daniel Okrent (2003–2005), Byron Calame (2005–2007), Clark Hoyt (2007–2010) (served an extra year), Arthur S. Brisbane (2010–2012), Margaret Sullivan (2012–2016) (served a four-year term), and Elizabeth Spayd (2016–2017). In 2017, the Times eliminated the position of public editor.[146]

Content

Editorial stance

The editorial pages of The New York Times are typically liberal in their position.[20][21] In mid-2004, the newspaper's then public editor (ombudsman), Daniel Okrent, wrote that "the Op-Ed page editors do an evenhanded job of representing a range of views in the essays from outsiders they publish – but you need an awfully heavy counterweight to balance a page that also bears the work of seven opinionated columnists, only two of whom could be classified as conservative (and, even then, of the conservative subspecies that supports legalization of gay unions and, in the case of William Safire, opposes some central provisions of the Patriot Act)."[147]

The New York Times has not endorsed a Republican Party member for president since Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1956; since 1960, it has endorsed the Democratic Party nominee in every presidential election (see New York Times presidential endorsements).[148] The New York Times did endorse incumbent moderate Republican mayors of New York City Rudy Giuliani in 1997,[149] and Michael Bloomberg in 2005 and 2009.[150] The Times also endorsed Republican New York state governor George Pataki for re-election in 2002.[151]

Style

Unlike most U.S. daily newspapers, the Times relies on its own in-house stylebook rather than The Associated Press Stylebook. When referring to people, The New York Times generally uses honorifics rather than unadorned last names (except in the sports pages, pop culture coverage,[152] and the Book Review and Magazine).[153]

The New York Times printed a display advertisement on its first page on January 6, 2009, breaking tradition at the paper.[154] The advertisement, for CBS, was in color and ran the entire width of the page.[155] The newspaper promised it would place first-page advertisements on only the lower half of the page.[154]

In August 2014, the Times decided to use the word "torture" to describe incidents in which interrogators "inflicted pain on a prisoner in an effort to get information." This was a shift from the paper's previous practice of describing such practices as "harsh" or "brutal" interrogations.[156]

The paper maintains a strict profanity policy. A 2007 review of a concert by the punk band Fucked Up, for example, completely avoided mention of the group's name.[157] The Times has on occasion published unfiltered video content that includes profanity and slurs where it has determined that such video has news value.[158] During the 2016 U.S. presidential election campaign, the Times did print the words "fuck" and "pussy," among others, when reporting on the vulgar statements made by Donald Trump in a 2005 recording. Then-Times politics editor Carolyn Ryan said: "It's a rare thing for us to use this language in our stories, even in quotes, and we discussed it at length." Ryan said the paper ultimately decided to publish it because of its news value and because "[t]o leave it out or simply describe it seemed awkward and less than forthright to us, especially given that we would be running a video that showed our readers exactly what was said."[159]

Products

Print newspaper

In the absence of a major headline, the day's most important story generally appears in the top-right column, on the main page. The typefaces used for the headlines are custom variations of Cheltenham. The running text is set at 8.7 point Imperial.[160][161]

The newspaper is organized into three sections, including the magazine:

  1. News: Includes International, National, Washington, Business, Technology, Science, Health, Sports, The Metro Section, Education, Weather, and Obituaries.
  2. Opinion: Includes Editorials, Op-eds and Letters to the Editor.
  3. Features: Includes Arts, Movies, Theater, Travel, NYC Guide, Food, Home & Garden, Fashion & Style, Crossword, The New York Times Book Review, T: The New York Times Style Magazine, The New York Times Magazine, and Sunday Review.

Some sections, such as Metro, are only found in the editions of the paper distributed in the New York–New Jersey–Connecticut tri-state area and not in the national or Washington, D.C. editions.[162] Aside from a weekly roundup of reprints of editorial cartoons from other newspapers, The New York Times does not have its own staff editorial cartoonist, nor does it feature a comics page or Sunday comics section.[163]

From 1851 to 2017, The New York Times published around 60,000 print issues containing about 3.5 million pages and 15 million articles.[62]

Monday-to-Friday circulation[164]

Like most other American newspapers,[165] The New York Times has experienced a decline in circulation. Its printed weekday circulation dropped by 50 percent to 540,000 copies from 2005 to 2017.[164]

International Edition

The New York Times International Edition is a print version of the paper tailored for readers outside the United States. Formerly a joint venture with The Washington Post named The International Herald Tribune, The New York Times took full ownership of the paper in 2002 and has gradually integrated it more closely into its domestic operations.

Website

The New York Times began publishing daily on the World Wide Web on January 22, 1996, "offering readers around the world immediate access to most of the daily newspaper's contents."[166] The website had 555 million pageviews and 15 million unique visitors in March 2005.[167] By March 2020, this had risen to 2.5 billion pageviews and 240 million unique visitors.[168]

As of May 2009, nytimes.com produced 22 of the 50 most popular newspaper blogs.[169]

As of August 2020, the company had 6.5 million paid subscribers, out of which 5.7 million were subscribed to its digital content. In the period April–June 2020, it added 669,000 new digital subscribers.[170]

Food section

The food section is supplemented on the web by properties for home cooks and for out-of-home dining. The New York Times Cooking (cooking.nytimes.com; also available via iOS app) provides access to more than 17,000 recipes on file as of November 2016,[171] and availability of saving recipes from other sites around the web. The newspaper's restaurant search (nytimes.com/reviews/dining) allows online readers to search NYC area restaurants by cuisine, neighborhood, price, and reviewer rating. The New York Times has also published several cookbooks, including The Essential New York Times Cookbook: Classic Recipes for a New Century, published in late 2010.

TimesSelect

In September 2005, the paper decided to begin subscription-based service for daily columns in a program known as TimesSelect, which encompassed many previously free columns. Until being discontinued two years later, TimesSelect cost $7.95 per month or $49.95 per year,[172] though it was free for print copy subscribers and university students and faculty.[173][174] To avoid this charge, bloggers often reposted TimesSelect material,[175] and at least one site once compiled links of reprinted material.[176]

On September 17, 2007, The New York Times announced that it would stop charging for access to parts of its Web site, effective at midnight the following day, reflecting a growing view in the industry that subscription fees cannot outweigh the potential ad revenue from increased traffic on a free site.[177]

Times columnists including Nicholas Kristof and Thomas Friedman had criticized TimesSelect,[178] with Friedman going so far as to say "I hate it. It pains me enormously because it's cut me off from a lot, a lot of people, especially because I have a lot of people reading me overseas, like in India ... I feel totally cut off from my audience."[179]

Paywall and digital subscriptions

In 2007, in addition to opening almost the entire site to all readers, The New York Times news archives from 1987 to the present were made available at no charge to non-subscribers,[180] as well as those from 1851 to 1922, which are in the public domain.[181]

Falling print advertising revenue and projections of continued decline resulted in a "metered paywall" being instituted in March 2011, limiting non-subscribers to a monthly allotment of 20 free on-line articles per month.[182][183] This measure was regarded as modestly successful after garnering several hundred thousand subscriptions and about $100 million in revenue as of March 2012.[184][185]

Beginning in April 2012, the number of free-access articles was halved from 20 to 10 articles per month.[185] Any reader who wanted to access more would have to pay for a digital subscription. This plan allowed free access for occasional readers. Digital subscription rates for four weeks ranged from $15 to $35 depending on the package selected, with periodic new subscriber promotions offering four-week all-digital access for as low as 99¢. Subscribers to the paper's print edition got full access without any additional fee. Some content, such as the front page and section fronts remained free, as well as the Top News page on mobile apps. In January 2013, The New York Times' Public Editor Margaret M. Sullivan announced that for the first time in many decades, the paper generated more revenue through subscriptions than through advertising.[186]

In December 2017, the number of free articles per month was reduced from 10 to 5, the first change to the metered paywall since April 2012.[187] An executive of the New York Times Company stated that the decision was motivated by "an all-time high" in the demand for journalism.[187] A digital subscription to The New York Times cost $16 a month in 2017.[187] As of December 2017, The New York Times had a total of 3.5 million paid subscriptions in both print and digital versions, and about 130 million monthly readers, more than double its audience two years previously.[188] In February 2018, the New York Times Company reported increased revenue from the digital-only subscriptions, adding 157,000 new subscribers to a total of 2.6 million digital-only subscribers. Digital advertising also saw growth during this period. At the same time, advertising for the print version of the journal fell.[189][190]

Mobile presence

Apps

In 2008, The New York Times was made available as an app for the iPhone and iPod Touch;[191] as well as publishing an iPad app in 2010.[192][193] The app allowed users to download articles to their mobile device enabling them to read the paper even when they were unable to receive a signal.[194] As of October 2010, The New York Times iPad app is ad-supported and available for free without a paid subscription, but translated into a subscription-based model in 2011.[192]

In 2010, The New York Times editors collaborated with students and faculty from New York University's Studio 20 Journalism Masters program to launch and produce "The Local East Village", a hyperlocal blog designed to offer news "by, for and about the residents of the East Village".[195] That same year, reCAPTCHA helped to digitize old editions of The New York Times.[196]

In 2010, the newspaper also launched an app for Android smartphones, followed later by an app for Windows Phones.[197]

Moreover, the Times was the first newspaper to offer a video game as part of its editorial content, Food Import Folly by Persuasive Games.[198]

The Times Reader

The Times Reader is a digital version of The New York Times, created via a collaboration between the newspaper and Microsoft. Times Reader takes the principles of print journalism and applies them to the technique of online reporting, using a series of technologies developed by Microsoft and their Windows Presentation Foundation team. It was announced in Seattle in April 2006, by Arthur Ochs Sulzberger Jr., Bill Gates, and Tom Bodkin.[199]

In 2009, the Times Reader 2.0 was rewritten in Adobe AIR.[200] In December 2013, the newspaper announced that the Times Reader app would be discontinued as of January 6, 2014, urging readers of the app to instead begin using the subscription-only Today's Paper app.[201]

Podcasts

The New York Times began producing podcasts in 2006. Among the early podcasts were Inside The Times and Inside The New York Times Book Review. Several of the Times' podcasts were cancelled in 2012.[202][203]

The Times returned to launching new podcasts in 2016, including Modern Love with WBUR.[204] On January 30, 2017, The New York Times launched a news podcast, The Daily.[205][206] In October 2018, NYT debuted The Argument with opinion columnists Ross Douthat, Michelle Goldberg and David Leonhardt. It is a weekly discussion about a single issue explained from the left, center, and right of the political spectrum.[207]

Non-English versions

Chinese-language

In June 2012, The New York Times introduced its first official foreign-language variant, cn.nytimes.com, a Chinese-language news site viewable in both traditional and simplified Chinese characters. The project was led by Craig S. Smith on the business side and Philip P. Pan on the editorial side,[208] with content created by staff based in Shanghai, Beijing, and Hong Kong, though the server was placed outside of China to avoid censorship issues.[209]

The site's initial success was interrupted in October that year following the publication of an investigative article[b] by David Barboza about the finances of Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao's family.[210] In retaliation for the article, the Chinese government blocked access to both nytimes.com and cn.nytimes.com inside the People's Republic of China (PRC).

Despite Chinese government interference, the Chinese-language operations continued to develop, briefly adding a second site, cn.nytstyle.com, iOS and Android apps, and newsletters, some of which are accessible inside the PRC. The China operations also produce print publications in Chinese. Traffic to cn.nytimes.com, meanwhile, has risen due to the widespread use of VPN technology in the PRC and to a growing Chinese audience outside mainland China.[211] The New York Times articles are also available to users in China via the use of mirror websites, apps, domestic newspapers, and social media.[211][212] The Chinese platforms now represent one of The New York Times' top five digital markets globally. The editor-in-chief of the Chinese platforms is Ching-Ching Ni.[213]

The New York Times en Español (Spanish-language)

Between February 2016 and September 2019, The New York Times launched a standalone Spanish-language edition, The New York Times en Español. The Spanish-language version featured increased coverage of news and events in Latin America and Spain. The expansion into Spanish language news content allowed the newspaper to expand its audience into the Spanish speaking world and increase its revenue. The Spanish-language version was seen as a way to compete with the established El País newspaper of Spain, which bills itself the "global newspaper in Spanish."[214] Its Spanish version has a team of journalists in Mexico City as well as correspondents in Venezuela, Brazil, Argentina, Miami, and Madrid, Spain.[215][216] It was discontinued in September 2019, citing lack of financial success as the reason.[217]

In March 2013, The New York Times and National Film Board of Canada announced a partnership titled A Short History of the Highrise, which will create four short documentaries for the Internet about life in high rise buildings as part of the NFB's Highrise project, utilizing images from the newspaper's photo archives for the first three films, and user-submitted images for the final film.[218] The third project in the Short History of the Highrise series won a Peabody Award in 2013.[219]

TimesMachine

The TimesMachine is a Web-based archive of scanned issues of The New York Times from 1851 through 2002.[220]

Unlike The New York Times online archive, the TimesMachine presents scanned images of the actual newspaper.[221] All non-advertising content can be displayed on a per-story basis in a separate PDF display page and saved for future reference.[222] The archive is available to The New York Times subscribers, whether via home delivery or digital access.[220]

––––––––––––––––––––

  • Selected archival access to The New York Times → LCCN sn78-4456 (via Chronicling America; public domain)
  • ISSN 0362-4331 (via ProQuest), OCLC 1645522 (all editions), 858655519 → via ProQuest, 7764137 (microfilm), 69647843 (microfilm, International ed.)
  • TimesMachine (every issue published before December 31, 2002)
  • Newspapers.com (1851–1922).

Interruptions

Because of holidays, no editions were printed on November 23, 1851; January 2, 1852; July 4, 1852; January 2, 1853; and January 1, 1854.[223]

Because of strikes, the regular edition of The New York Times was not printed during the following periods:[224]

  • September 19, 1923, to September 26, 1923. An unauthorized local union strike prevented the publication of several New York papers, among them The New York Times. During this period "The Combined New York Morning Newspapers," were published with summaries of the news.[225]
  • December 12, 1962, to March 31, 1963. Only a western edition was printed because of the 1962–63 New York City newspaper strike.[225]
  • September 17, 1965, to October 10, 1965. An international edition was printed, and a weekend edition replaced the Saturday and Sunday papers.
  • August 10, 1978, to November 5, 1978. The multi-union 1978 New York City newspaper strike shut down the three major New York City newspapers. No editions of The New York Times were printed.[223] Two months into the strike, a parody of The New York Times called Not The New York Times was distributed in the city, with contributors such as Carl Bernstein, Christopher Cerf, Tony Hendra and George Plimpton.[226]

The newspaper's website was hacked on August 29, 2013, by the Syrian Electronic Army, a hacking group that supports the government of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad. The SEA managed to penetrate the paper's domain name registrar, Melbourne IT, and alter DNS records for The New York Times, putting some of its websites out of service for hours.[227]

Controversies

Main article: List of controversies involving The New York Times

Ukraine

Walter Duranty, who served as its Moscow bureau chief from 1922 through 1936, has been criticized for a series of stories in 1931 on the Soviet Union and won a Pulitzer Prize for his work at that time. Criticism rose for his denial of widespread famine, known in Ukraine as the Holodomor, in the early 1930s in which he summarized Soviet propaganda, and the Times published, as fact: "Conditions are bad, but there is no famine".[228][229][230][231][232]

In 2003, after the Pulitzer Board began a renewed inquiry, the Times hired Mark von Hagen, professor of Russian history at Columbia University, to review Duranty's work. Von Hagen found Duranty's reports to be unbalanced and uncritical, and that they far too often gave voice to Stalinist propaganda. In comments to the press he stated, "For the sake of The New York Times' honor, they should take the prize away."[233] The Ukrainian Weekly covered the efforts to rescind Duranty's prize.[234][235] The Times has since made a public statement and the Pulitzer committee has declined to rescind the award twice, stating that "Mr. Duranty's 1931 work, measured by today's standards for foreign reporting, falls seriously short. In that regard, the Board's view is similar to that of The New York Times itself."[235][236]

World War II

Jerold Auerbach, a Guggenheim Fellow and Fulbright Lecturer, wrote in Print to Fit, The New York Times, Zionism and Israel, 1896–2016[237] that it was of utmost importance to Adolph Ochs, the first Jewish owner of the paper, that in spite of the persecution of Jews in Germany, the Times, through its reporting, should never be classified as a "Jewish newspaper".[238]

After Ochs' death in 1935, his son-in-law Arthur Hays Sulzberger became the publisher of The New York Times and maintained the understanding that no reporting should reflect on the Times as a Jewish newspaper. Sulzberger shared Ochs' concerns about the way Jews were perceived in American society. His apprehensions about judgement were manifested positively by his strong fidelity to the United States. At the same time, within the pages of The New York Times, Sulzberger refused to bring attention to Jews, including the refusal to identify Jews as major victims of Nazi genocide. Instead, many reports of Nazi-ordered slaughter identified Jewish victims as "persons." The Times even opposed the rescue of Jewish refugees.[239]

On November 14, 2001, in The New York Times' 150th-anniversary issue, in an article entitled "Turning Away From the Holocaust," former executive editor Max Frankel wrote:

And then there was failure: none greater than the staggering, staining failure of The New York Times to depict Hitler's methodical extermination of the Jews of Europe as a horror beyond all other horrors in World War II – a Nazi war within the war crying out for illumination.[240]

According to Frankel, harsh judges of The New York Times "have blamed 'self-hating Jews' and 'anti-Zionists' among the paper's owners and staff." Frankel responded to this criticism by describing the fragile sensibilities of the Jewish owners of The New York Times:

Then, too, papers owned by Jewish families, like The Times, were plainly afraid to have a society that was still widely anti-Semitic misread their passionate opposition to Hitler as a merely parochial cause. Even some leading Jewish groups hedged their appeals for rescue lest they be accused of wanting to divert wartime energies. At The Times, the reluctance to highlight the systematic slaughter of Jews was undoubtedly influenced by the views of the publisher, Arthur Hays Sulzberger. He believed strongly and publicly that Judaism was a religion, not a race or nationality – that Jews should be separate only in the way they worshiped. He thought they needed no state or political and social institutions of their own. He went to great lengths to avoid having The Times branded a Jewish newspaper. He resented other publications for emphasizing the Jewishness of people in the news.[240]

In the same article, Frankel quotes Laurel Leff, associate professor of journalism at Northeastern University, who in 2000 had described how the newspaper downplayed Nazi Germany's targeting of Jews for genocide.[241]

November 1942 was a critical month for American Jews. After several months of delay, the U.S. State Department had confirmed already published information that Germany was engaged in the systematic extermination of European Jews. Newspaper reports put the death toll at one million and described the "most ruthless methods," including mass gassings at special camps.[241]

Yet at the beginning of November 1942, Sulzberger lobbied U.S. government officials against the founding of a homeland for Jews to escape to. The Times was silent on the matter of an increase in U.S. immigration quotas to permit more Jews to enter, and "actively supported the British Government's restriction on legal immigration to Palestine even as the persecution of Jews intensified".[241] Sulzberger described Jews as being of no more concern to Nazi Germany than Roman Catholic priests or Christian ministers, and that Jews certainly were not singled out for extermination.[241]

Leff's 2005 book Buried by the Times documents the paper's tendency before, during, and after World War II to place deep inside its daily editions the news stories about the ongoing persecution and extermination of Jews, while obscuring in those stories the special impact of the Nazis' crimes on Jews in particular. Leff attributes this dearth in part to the complex personal and political views of Sulzberger, concerning Jewishness, antisemitism, and Zionism.[242]

Accusations of liberal bias

In 2004, the newspaper's public editor Daniel Okrent said in an opinion piece that The New York Times did have a liberal bias in news coverage of certain social issues such as abortion and same-sex marriage.[147] He stated that this bias reflected the paper's cosmopolitanism, which arose naturally from its roots as a hometown paper of New York City, writing that the coverage of the Times's Arts & Leisure; Culture; and the Sunday Times Magazine trend to the left.[147]

If you're examining the paper's coverage of these subjects from a perspective that is neither urban nor Northeastern nor culturally seen-it-all; if you are among the groups The Times treats as strange objects to be examined on a laboratory slide (devout Catholics, gun owners, Orthodox Jews, Texans); if your value system wouldn't wear well on a composite New York Times journalist, then a walk through this paper can make you feel you're traveling in a strange and forbidding world.

Times public editor Arthur Brisbane wrote in 2012:[243]

When The Times covers a national presidential campaign, I have found that the lead editors and reporters are disciplined about enforcing fairness and balance, and usually succeed in doing so. Across the paper's many departments, though, so many share a kind of political and cultural progressivism — for lack of a better term — that this worldview virtually bleeds through the fabric of The Times.

The New York Times public editor (ombudsman) Elizabeth Spayd wrote in 2016 that "Conservatives and even many moderates, see in The Times a blue-state worldview" and accuse it of harboring a liberal bias. Spayd did not analyze the substance of the claim but did opine that the Times is "part of a fracturing media environment that reflects a fractured country. That in turn leads liberals and conservatives toward separate news sources."[244] Times executive editor Dean Baquet stated that he does not believe coverage has a liberal bias:[244]

We have to be really careful that people feel like they can see themselves in The New York Times. I want us to be perceived as fair and honest to the world, not just a segment of it. It's a really difficult goal. Do we pull it off all the time? No.

Jayson Blair plagiarism (2003)

Main article: Jayson Blair § Plagiarism and fabrication scandal

In May 2003, The New York Times reporter Jayson Blair was forced to resign from the newspaper after he was caught plagiarizing and fabricating elements of his stories. Some critics contended that Blair's race was a major factor in his hiring and in The New York Times' initial reluctance to fire him.[245]

Iraq War (2003–06)

Main article: Judith Miller § The Iraq War

The Times supported the 2003 invasion of Iraq.[246] On May 26, 2004, more than a year after the war started, the newspaper asserted that some of its articles had not been as rigorous as they should have been, and were insufficiently qualified, frequently overly dependent upon information from Iraqi exiles desiring regime change.[247]The New York Times admitted "Articles based on dire claims about Iraq tended to get prominent display, while follow-up articles that called the original ones into question were sometimes buried. In some cases, there was no follow-up at all." The paper said it was encouraged to report the claims by "United States officials convinced of the need to intervene in Iraq".[248]

The New York Times was involved in a significant controversy regarding the allegations surrounding Iraq and weapons of mass destruction in September 2002.[249] A front-page story was authored by Judith Miller which claimed that the Iraqi government was in the process of developing nuclear weapons was published.[250] Miller's story was cited by officials such as Condoleezza Rice, Colin Powell, and Donald Rumsfeld as part of a campaign to commission the Iraq War.[251] One of Miller's prime sources was Ahmed Chalabi, an Iraqi expatriate who returned to Iraq after the U.S. invasion and held a number of governmental positions culminating in acting oil minister and deputy prime minister from May 2005 until May 2006.[252][253][254][255] In 2005, negotiating a private severance package with Sulzberger, Miller retired after criticisms that her reporting of the lead-up to the Iraq War was factually inaccurate and overly favorable to the position of the Bush administration, for which The New York Times later apologized.[256][257]

Israeli–Palestinian conflict

A 2003 study in the Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics concluded that The New York Times reporting was more favorable to Israelis than to Palestinians.[258] A 2002 study published in the journal Journalism examined Middle East coverage of the Second Intifada over a one-month period in The New York Times, The Washington Post and the Chicago Tribune. The study authors said that the Times was "the most slanted in a pro-Israeli direction" with a bias "reflected...in its use of headlines, photographs, graphics, sourcing practices, and lead paragraphs."[259]

For its coverage of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, some (such as Ed Koch) have claimed that the paper is pro-Palestinian, while others (such as As'ad AbuKhalil) have claimed that it is pro-Israel.[260][261] The Israel Lobby and U.S. Foreign Policy, by political science professors John Mearsheimer and Stephen Walt, alleges The New York Times sometimes criticizes Israeli policies but is not even-handed and is generally pro-Israel.[262] In 2009, the Simon Wiesenthal Center criticized the newspaper for printing cartoons regarding the Israeli-Palestinian conflict that were described as "hideously anti-Semitic".[263]

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu rejected a proposal to write an article for the paper on grounds of lack of objectivity. A piece in which Thomas Friedman commented that praise given to Netanyahu during a speech at the U.S. Congress was "paid for by the Israel lobby" elicited an apology and clarification from its author.[264]

The 1619 Project

The 1619 Project, a long-form journalism project re-evaluating slavery and its legacy in the United States led by investigative journalist Nikole Hannah-Jones, has received criticism from some historians.[265][266]

In December 2019, twelve historians wrote to The New York Times Magazine,[267] expressing concern over what they alleged were inaccuracies and falsehoods fundamental to Hannah-Jones' reporting.[268] The magazine's editor-in-chief, Jake Silverstein, responded to the historians' letter in an editorial, in which he called into question the historical accuracy of some of the letter's claims.[269] In an article in The Atlantic, historian Sean Wilentz responded to Silverstein, writing, "No effort to educate the public in order to advance social justice can afford to dispense with a respect for basic facts" and disputed the accuracy of Silverstein's defense of the project.[270]

In September 2020, the Times updated the opening text of the project website to remove the phrase "understanding 1619 as our true founding" without accompanying editorial notes. Times columnist Bret Stephens wrote that the differences showed that the newspaper was backing away from some of the initiative's more controversial claims.[271] The Times defended its practices, with Hannah-Jones emphasizing how most of the project's content has remained unchanged.[272][273]

Reputation

The Times has developed a national and international "reputation for thoroughness".[274] Among journalists, the paper is held in high regard; a 1999 survey of newspaper editors conducted by the Columbia Journalism Review found that the Times was the "best" American paper, ahead of The Washington Post, The Wall Street Journal, and Los Angeles Times.[275][276] The Times also was ranked #1 in a 2011 "quality" ranking of U.S. newspapers by Daniel de Vise of The Washington Post; the objective ranking took into account the number of recent Pulitzer Prizes won, circulation, and perceived Web site quality.[276] A 2012 report in WNYC called the Times "the most respected newspaper in the world."[277]

Nevertheless, like many other U.S. media sources, the Times has suffered from a decline in public perceptions of credibility in the U.S. in the early 21st century.[278] A Pew Research Center survey in 2012 asked respondents about their views on credibility of various news organizations. Among respondents who gave a rating, 49% said that they believed "all or most" of the Times's reporting, while 50% disagreed. A large percentage (19%) of respondents were unable to rate believability. The Times's score was comparable to that of USA Today.[278] Media analyst Brooke Gladstone of WNYC's On the Media, writing for The New York Times, says that the decline in U.S. public trust of the mass media can be explained (1) by the rise of the polarized Internet-driven news; (2) by a decline in trust in U.S. institutions more generally; and (3) by the fact that "Americans say they want accuracy and impartiality, but the polls suggest that, actually, most of us are seeking affirmation."[279]

Awards

Main article: List of awards won by the New York Times

The New York Times has won 132 Pulitzer Prizes, more than any other newspaper. The prize is awarded for excellence in journalism in a range of categories.[280]

It has also, as of 2014, won three Peabody Awards and jointly received two.[281] Peabody Awards are given for accomplishments in television, radio, and online media.

See also

References

Notes

  1. ^ Seven different newspapers have been published under The New York Times name, with the earliest being published by a David Longworth and Nicholas Van Riper in 1813, but they all died out within a few years.[22]
  2. ^ The article is located at:
    • Barboza, David (October 26, 2012). "Billions in Hidden Riches for Family of Chinese Leader". The New York Times. from the original on October 25, 2012. Retrieved April 26, 2016.

Citations

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  3. ^ "The New York Times Company Reports Third-Quarter 2022 Results" (PDF). The New York Times Company. Retrieved January 8, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  4. ^ Higginbotham, Will (October 4, 2018). "When the Gray Lady Started Wearing Color". The New York Times. Retrieved November 25, 2022.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
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Further reading

  • Davis, Elmer Holmes (1921). History of the New York Times, 1851–1921. The New York Times.
  • Schwarz, Daniel R. (January 2, 2014). End Times? Crises and Turmoil at The New York Times, 1999–2009. Albany: SUNY Press. ISBN 978-1-4384-3896-2. OCLC 802059662.
  • Salisbury, Harrison E. (1980). Without Fear or Favor: The New York Times and Its Times (First ed.). New York: Times Books. ISBN 978-0-8129-0885-5.
  • Taylor, S. J. (March 29, 1990). Stalin's Apologist: Walter Duranty: The New York Times's Man in Moscow (1st ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-505700-3.

External links

January 15, 2023
york, times, this, article, about, newspaper, owner, company, song, york, times, back, earth, stevens, album, other, uses, disambiguation, times, gray, lady, daily, newspaper, based, york, city, with, worldwide, readership, reported, 2022, comprise, paid, prin. This article is about the newspaper For its owner see The New York Times Company For the song New York Times see Back to Earth Cat Stevens album For other uses of NYT see NYT disambiguation The New York Times the Times NYT or the Gray Lady 4 is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2022 to comprise 740 000 paid print subscribers and 8 6 million paid digital subscribers It also is a producer of popular podcasts such as The Daily 5 6 7 Founded in 1851 it is published by The New York Times Company The Times has won 132 Pulitzer Prizes the most of any newspaper 8 and has long been regarded as a national newspaper of record 9 For print it is ranked 18th in the world by circulation and 3rd in the U S 10 The New York TimesAll the News That s Fit to PrintFront page for March 26 2018TypeDaily newspaperFormatBroadsheetOwner s The New York Times CompanyFounder s Henry Jarvis RaymondGeorge JonesPublisherA G Sulzberger 1 Editor in chiefJoseph Kahn 1 Managing editorMarc LaceyCarolyn Ryan 1 Staff writers2 000 news staff 2022 2 FoundedSeptember 18 1851 171 years ago 1851 09 18 as New York Daily Times HeadquartersThe New York Times Building 620 Eighth AvenueNew York City NY U S CountryUnited StatesCirculation9 330 000 news subscribers 8 590 000 digital only 740 000 print as of November 2022 3 Sister newspapersInternational Herald Tribune 1967 2013 The New York Times International Edition 1943 1967 2013 currently ISSN0362 4331 print 1553 8095 web OCLC number1645522Websitewww wbr nytimes wbr comMedia of the United StatesList of newspapersThe New York Times Company which is publicly traded has been governed by the Sulzberger family since 1896 through a dual class share structure 11 A G Sulzberger the paper s publisher and the company s chairman is the fifth generation of the family to head the paper 12 13 Since the mid 1970s The New York Times has expanded its layout and organization adding special weekly sections on various topics supplementing the regular news editorials sports and features Since 2008 14 the Times has been organized into the following sections News Editorials Opinions Columns Op Ed New York metropolitan Business Sports Arts Science Styles Home Travel and other features 15 On Sundays the Times is supplemented by the Sunday Review formerly the Week in Review 16 The New York Times Book Review 17 The New York Times Magazine 18 and T The New York Times Style Magazine 19 The editorial pages of The New York Times are typically liberal in their positions 20 21 Contents 1 History 1 1 Origins 1 2 Ochs era 1 3 Post war expansion 1 4 New York Times v Sullivan 1964 1 5 The Pentagon Papers 1971 1 6 Late 1970s 1990s 1 7 Digital era 1 7 1 Early digital content 1 7 2 2000s 1 7 3 2010s 1 7 4 2020s 1 8 Headquarters building 1 9 Gender discrimination in employment 1 10 Slogan 2 Organization 2 1 News staff 2 2 Ochs Sulzberger family 2 3 Public editors 3 Content 3 1 Editorial stance 3 2 Style 4 Products 4 1 Print newspaper 4 2 International Edition 4 3 Website 4 3 1 Food section 4 3 2 TimesSelect 4 3 3 Paywall and digital subscriptions 4 4 Mobile presence 4 4 1 Apps 4 4 2 The Times Reader 4 5 Podcasts 4 6 Non English versions 4 6 1 Chinese language 4 6 2 The New York Times en Espanol Spanish language 4 7 TimesMachine 5 Interruptions 6 Controversies 6 1 Ukraine 6 2 World War II 6 3 Accusations of liberal bias 6 4 Jayson Blair plagiarism 2003 6 5 Iraq War 2003 06 6 6 Israeli Palestinian conflict 6 7 The 1619 Project 7 Reputation 7 1 Awards 8 See also 9 References 9 1 Notes 9 2 Citations 10 Further reading 11 External linksHistoryOrigins First published issue of New York Daily Times on September 18 1851 Front page of The New York Times on July 29 1914 announcing Austria Hungary s declaration of war against Serbia The New York Times was founded as the New York Daily Times on September 18 1851 a Founded by journalist and politician Henry Jarvis Raymond and former banker George Jones the Times was initially published by Raymond Jones amp Company 23 24 Early investors in the company included Edwin B Morgan 25 Christopher Morgan 26 and Edward B Wesley 27 Sold for a penny equivalent to 0 33 in 2021 the inaugural edition attempted to address various speculations on its purpose and positions that preceded its release 28 We shall be Conservative in all cases where we think Conservatism essential to the public good and we shall be Radical in everything which may seem to us to require radical treatment and radical reform We do not believe that everything in Society is either exactly right or exactly wrong what is good we desire to preserve and improve what is evil to exterminate or reform In 1852 the newspaper started a western division The Times of California which arrived whenever a mail boat from New York docked in California The effort failed once local California newspapers came into prominence 29 On September 14 1857 the newspaper officially shortened its name to The New York Times The hyphen in the city name was dropped on December 1 1896 30 On April 21 1861 The New York Times began publishing a Sunday edition to offer daily coverage of the Civil War The main office of The New York Times was attacked during the New York City draft riots The riots sparked by the institution of a draft for the Union Army began on July 13 1863 On Newspaper Row across from City Hall co founder Henry Raymond stopped the rioters with Gatling guns early machine guns one of which he wielded himself The mob diverted instead attacking the headquarters of abolitionist publisher Horace Greeley s New York Tribune until being forced to flee by the Brooklyn City Police who had crossed the East River to help the Manhattan authorities 31 In 1869 Henry Raymond died and George Jones took over as publisher 32 The Times Square Building The New York Times publishing headquarters 1913 2007 The newspaper s influence grew in 1870 and 1871 when it published a series of exposes on William Tweed leader of the city s Democratic Party popularly known as Tammany Hall from its early 19th century meeting headquarters that led to the end of the Tweed Ring s domination of New York s City Hall 33 Tweed had offered The New York Times five million dollars equivalent to 113 million dollars in 2021 to not publish the story 25 In the 1880s The New York Times gradually transitioned from supporting Republican Party candidates in its editorials to becoming more politically independent and analytical 34 In 1884 the paper supported Democrat Grover Cleveland former mayor of Buffalo and governor of New York in his first presidential campaign 35 While this move cost The New York Times a portion of its readership among its more Republican readers revenue declined from 188 000 to 56 000 from 1883 to 1884 the paper eventually regained most of its lost ground within a few years 36 Ochs era After George Jones died in 1891 Charles Ransom Miller and other New York Times editors raised 1 million equivalent to 30 million in 2021 to buy the Times printing it under the New York Times Publishing Company 37 38 The newspaper found itself in a financial crisis by the Panic of 1893 36 and by 1896 the newspaper had a circulation of less than 9 000 and was losing 1 000 a day That year Adolph Ochs the publisher of the Chattanooga Times gained a controlling interest in the company for 75 000 39 Shortly after assuming control of the paper Ochs coined the paper s slogan All The News That s Fit To Print This slogan has endured appearing in the paper since September 1896 and has been printed in a box in the upper left hand corner of the front page since early 1897 35 The slogan was seen as a jab at competing publications such as Joseph Pulitzer s New York World and William Randolph Hearst s New York Journal which were known for a lurid sensationalist and often inaccurate reporting of facts and opinions described by the end of the century as yellow journalism 40 Under Ochs guidance aided by Carr Van Anda The New York Times achieved international scope circulation and reputation Sunday circulation went from under 9 000 in 1896 to 780 000 in 1934 39 Van Anda also created the newspaper s photo library now colloquially referred to as the morgue 41 In 1904 during the Russo Japanese War The New York Times along with The Times received the first on the spot wireless telegraph transmission from a naval battle a report of the destruction of the Russian Navy s Baltic Fleet at the Battle of Port Arthur from the press boat Haimun 42 In 1910 the first air delivery of The New York Times to Philadelphia began 35 In 1919 The New York Times first trans Atlantic delivery to London occurred by dirigible balloon In 1920 during the 1920 Republican National Convention a 4 A M Airplane Edition was sent to Chicago by plane so it could be in the hands of convention delegates by evening 43 In 1920 Walter Lippmann and Charles Merz published A Test of the News about the Times coverage of the Russian Revolution They concluded that its news stories were not based on facts but were determined by the hopes of the men who made up the news organisations The newspaper referred to events that had not taken place atrocities that did not exist and reported no fewer than 91 times that the Bolshevik regime was on the verge of collapse 44 Post war expansion The New York Times newsroom 1942 Ochs died in 1935 45 and was succeeded as publisher by his son in law Arthur Hays Sulzberger 46 Under his leadership and that of his son in law and successor 47 Orvil Dryfoos 48 the paper extended its breadth and reach beginning in the 1940s The crossword began appearing regularly in 1942 and the fashion section first appeared in 1946 The New York Times began an international edition in 1946 The international edition stopped publishing in 1967 when The New York Times joined the owners of the New York Herald Tribune and The Washington Post to publish the International Herald Tribune in Paris After only two years as publisher Dryfoos died in 1963 49 and was succeeded 50 by his brother in law Arthur Ochs Punch Sulzberger who led the Times until 1992 and continued the expansion of the paper 51 New York Times v Sullivan 1964 Main article New York Times Co v Sullivan The paper s involvement in a 1964 libel case helped bring one of the key United States Supreme Court decisions supporting freedom of the press New York Times Co v Sullivan In it the United States Supreme Court established the actual malice standard for press reports about public officials or public figures to be considered defamatory or libelous The malice standard requires the plaintiff in a defamation or libel case to prove the publisher of the statement knew the statement was false or acted in reckless disregard of its truth or falsity Because of the high burden of proof on the plaintiff and difficulty proving malicious intent such cases by public figures rarely succeed 52 The Pentagon Papers 1971 Main article Pentagon Papers In 1971 the Pentagon Papers a secret United States Department of Defense history of the United States political and military involvement in the Vietnam War from 1945 to 1967 were given leaked to Neil Sheehan of The New York Times by former State Department official Daniel Ellsberg with his friend Anthony Russo assisting in copying them The New York Times began publishing excerpts as a series of articles on June 13 Controversy and lawsuits followed The papers revealed among other things that the government had deliberately expanded its role in the war by conducting airstrikes over Laos raids along the coast of North Vietnam and offensive actions were taken by the U S Marines well before the public was told about the actions all while President Lyndon B Johnson had been promising not to expand the war The document increased the credibility gap for the U S government and hurt efforts by the Nixon administration to fight the ongoing war 53 When The New York Times began publishing its series President Richard Nixon became incensed His words to National Security Advisor Henry Kissinger included People have gotta be put to the torch for this sort of thing and Let s get the son of a bitch in jail 54 After failing to get The New York Times to stop publishing Attorney General John Mitchell and President Nixon obtained a federal court injunction that The New York Times cease publication of excerpts The newspaper appealed and the case began working through the court system On June 18 1971 The Washington Post began publishing its own series Ben Bagdikian a Post editor had obtained portions of the papers from Ellsberg That day the Post received a call from William Rehnquist an assistant U S Attorney General for the Office of Legal Counsel asking them to stop publishing When the Post refused the U S Justice Department sought another injunction The U S District court judge refused and the government appealed On June 26 1971 the U S Supreme Court agreed to take both cases merging them into New York Times Co v United States 55 On June 30 1971 the Supreme Court held in a 6 3 decision that the injunctions were unconstitutional prior restraints and that the government had not met the burden of proof required The justices wrote nine separate opinions disagreeing on significant substantive issues While it was generally seen as a victory for those who claim the First Amendment enshrines an absolute right to free speech many felt it a lukewarm victory offering little protection for future publishers when claims of national security were at stake 53 Late 1970s 1990s In the 1970s the paper introduced a number of new lifestyle sections including Weekend and Home with the aim of attracting more advertisers and readers Many criticized the move for betraying the paper s mission 56 On September 7 1976 the paper switched from an eight column format to a six column format The overall page width stayed the same with each column becoming wider 57 On September 14 1987 the Times printed the heaviest ever newspaper at over 12 pounds 5 4 kg and 1 612 pages 58 In 1992 Punch Sulzberger stepped down as publisher his son Arthur Ochs Sulzberger Jr succeeded him first as publisher 59 and then as chairman of the board in 1997 60 The Times was one of the last newspapers to adopt color photography with the first color photograph on the front page appearing on October 16 1997 61 Digital era Early digital content A speech in the newsroom after announcement of Pulitzer Prize winners 2009 The New York Times switched to a digital production process sometime before 1980 but only began preserving the resulting digital text that year 62 In 1983 the Times sold the electronic rights to its articles to LexisNexis As the online distribution of news increased in the 1990s the Times decided not to renew the deal and in 1994 the newspaper regained electronic rights to its articles 63 On January 22 1996 NYTimes com began publishing 64 2000s In August 2007 the paper reduced the physical size of its print edition cutting the page width from 13 5 inches 34 cm to a 12 inches 30 cm This followed similar moves by a roster of other newspapers in the previous ten years including USA Today The Wall Street Journal and The Washington Post The move resulted in a 5 reduction in news space but in an era of dwindling circulation and significant advertising revenue losses also saved about 12 million a year 65 66 In September 2008 The New York Times announced that it would be combining certain sections effective October 6 2008 in editions printed in the New York metropolitan area 65 The changes folded the Metro Section into the main International National news section and combined Sports and Business except Saturday through Monday while Sports continues to be printed as a standalone section This change also included having the Metro section called New York outside of the Tri State Area The presses used by The New York Times can allow four sections to be printed simultaneously as the paper includes more than four sections on all days except for Saturday the sections were required to be printed separately in an early press run and collated together The changes allowed The New York Times to print in four sections Monday through Wednesday in addition to Saturday The New York Times announcement stated that the number of news pages and employee positions would remain unchanged with the paper realizing cost savings by cutting overtime expenses 14 Because of its declining sales largely attributed to the rise of online news sources favored especially by younger readers and the decline of advertising revenue the newspaper had been going through a downsizing for several years offering buyouts to workers and cutting expenses 67 in common with a general trend among print news media Following industry trends its weekday circulation had fallen in 2009 to fewer than one million 68 In 2009 the newspaper began production of local inserts in regions outside of the New York area Beginning October 16 2009 a two page Bay Area insert was added to copies of the Northern California edition on Fridays and Sundays The newspaper commenced production of a similar Friday and Sunday insert to the Chicago edition on November 20 2009 The inserts consist of local news policy sports and culture pieces usually supported by local advertisements 2010s In December 2012 the Times published Snow Fall a six part article about the 2012 Tunnel Creek avalanche which integrated videos photos and interactive graphics and was hailed as a watershed moment for online journalism 69 70 In 2013 How Y all Youse and You Guys Talk an interactive quiz created by intern Josh Katz 71 based on the Harvard Dialect Survey which collected responses of more than 50 000 people answering 122 questions about the way they said different things across the United States 72 became the Times most popular piece of content of the year 71 In 2016 reporters for the newspaper were reportedly the target of cybersecurity breaches The Federal Bureau of Investigation was reportedly investigating the attacks The cybersecurity breaches have been described as possibly being related to cyberattacks that targeted other institutions such as the Democratic National Committee 73 During the 2016 presidential election the Times played an important role in elevating the Hillary Clinton emails controversy into the most important subject of media coverage in the election which Clinton would lose narrowly to Donald Trump The controversy received more media coverage than any other topic during the presidential campaign 74 75 76 Clinton and other observers argue that coverage of the emails controversy contributed to her loss in the election 77 According to a Columbia Journalism Review analysis in just six days The New York Times ran as many cover stories about Hillary Clinton s emails as they did about all policy issues combined in the 69 days leading up to the election and that does not include the three additional articles on October 18 and November 6 and 7 or the two articles on the emails taken from John Podesta 74 In October 2018 the Times published a 14 218 word investigation into Donald Trump s self made fortune and tax avoidance an 18 month project based on examination of 100 000 pages of documents The extensive article ran as an eight page feature in the print edition and also was adapted into a shortened 2 500 word listicle featuring its key takeaways 78 After the midweek front page story the Times also republished the piece as a 12 page special report section in the Sunday paper 79 During the lengthy investigation Showtime cameras followed the Times three investigative reporters for a half hour documentary called The Family Business Trump and Taxes which aired the following Sunday 80 81 82 The report won a Pulitzer Prize for Explanatory Reporting 83 In May 2019 The New York Times announced that it would present a television news program based on news from its individual reporters stationed around the world and that it would premiere on FX and Hulu 84 2020s In August 2021 the paper announced an effort to make 18 newsletters available only to subscribers even though some of the most popular ones would remain free Part of this was in response to competition from Substack 85 86 87 88 89 In January 2022 the New York Times Company announced that it would acquire The Athletic a subscription based sports news website The 550 million deal is expected to close in the first quarter of 2022 and The Athletic s co founders Alex Mather and Adam Hansmann would stay with the publication which would continue to be run separately from the Times 90 91 Recode Vox reported that this acquisition was part of an effort for the paper to get a younger more diverse readership as were offerings like games cooking and audio 92 The same month the paper announced it was acquiring Wordle a relatively new game that became popular rather quickly and that would remain free initially 93 94 95 96 97 98 In April 2022 The New York Times published a three part 20 000 word investigative series on Fox News host Tucker Carlson called American Nationalist The investigative series documents Carlson s rise to prominence and his rhetoric on immigration race relations and the COVID 19 pandemic 99 100 101 102 103 Carlson responded by saying that he has not read American Nationalist and does not plan to He also denied allegations from the Times about obsessing over ratings saying that I ve never read the ratings a single day in my life I don t even know how Ask anyone at Fox and that Most of the big positions I ve taken in the past five years against the neocons the vax and the war in Ukraine have been very unpopular with our audience at first 99 In December 2022 over 1 000 Times staffers staged a strike for the first time in over 40 years 104 Headquarters building The newspaper s first building was located at 113 Nassau Street in New York City In 1854 it moved to 138 Nassau Street and in 1858 to 41 Park Row making it the first newspaper in New York City housed in a building built specifically for its use 105 The newspaper moved its headquarters to the Times Tower located at 1475 Broadway in 1904 106 in an area then called Longacre Square that was later renamed Times Square in the newspaper s honor 107 The top of the building now known as One Times Square is the site of the New Year s Eve tradition of lowering a lighted ball which was begun by the paper 108 The building is also known for its electronic news ticker popularly known as The Zipper where headlines crawl around the outside of the building 109 It is still in use but has been operated by Dow Jones amp Company since 1995 110 After nine years in its Times Square tower the newspaper had an annex built at 229 West 43rd Street 111 After several expansions the 43rd Street building became the newspaper s main headquarters in 1960 and the Times Tower on Broadway was sold the following year 112 It served as the newspaper s main printing plant until 1997 when the newspaper opened a state of the art printing plant in the College Point section of Queens 113 A decade later The New York Times moved its newsroom and businesses headquarters from West 43rd Street to a new tower at 620 Eighth Avenue between West 40th and 41st Streets in Manhattan directly across Eighth Avenue from the Port Authority Bus Terminal The new headquarters for the newspaper known officially as The New York Times Building but unofficially called the new Times Tower by many New Yorkers is a skyscraper designed by Renzo Piano 114 115 Gender discrimination in employment Discriminatory practices used by the paper long restricted women in appointments to editorial positions The newspaper s first general female reporter was Jane Grant who described her experience afterward In the beginning I was charged not to reveal the fact that a female had been hired Other reporters nicknamed her Fluff and she was subjected to considerable hazing Because of her gender any promotion was out of the question according to the then managing editor She remained on the staff for fifteen years interrupted by World War I 116 In 1935 Anne McCormick wrote to Arthur Hays Sulzberger I hope you won t expect me to revert to woman s point of view stuff 117 Later she interviewed major political leaders and appears to have had easier access than her colleagues Even witnesses of her actions were unable to explain how she gained the interviews she did 118 Clifton Daniel said After World War II I m sure Adenauer called her up and invited her to lunch She never had to grovel for an appointment 119 Covering world leaders speeches after World War II at the National Press Club was limited to men by a club rule When women were eventually allowed to hear the speeches directly they were still not allowed to ask the speakers questions Men were allowed and did ask even though some of the women had won Pulitzer Prizes for prior work 120 Times reporter Maggie Hunter refused to return to the club after covering one speech on assignment 121 Nan Robertson s article on the Union Stock Yards Chicago was read aloud as anonymous by a professor who then said It will come as a surprise to you perhaps that the reporter is a girl he began G asps amazement in the ranks She had used all her senses not just her eyes to convey the smell and feel of the stockyards She chose a difficult subject an offensive subject Her imagery was strong enough to revolt you 122 The New York Times hired Kathleen McLaughlin after ten years at the Chicago Tribune where s he did a series on maids going out herself to apply for housekeeping jobs 123 Slogan The New York Times has had one slogan Since 1896 the newspaper s slogan has been All the News That s Fit to Print In 1896 Adolph Ochs held a competition to attempt to find a replacement slogan offering a 100 prize for the best one Though he later announced that the original would not be changed the prize would still be awarded Entries included News Not Nausea In One Word Adequate News Without Noise Out Heralds The Herald Informs The World and Extinguishes The Sun The Public Press is a Public Trust and the winner of the competition All the world s news but not a school for scandal 124 125 126 127 On May 10 1960 Wright Patman asked the FTC to investigate whether The New York Times s slogan was misleading or false advertising Within 10 days the FTC responded that it was not 128 Again in 1996 a competition was held to find a new slogan this time for NYTimes com Over 8 000 entries were submitted with All the News That s Fit to Print found to be the best 129 Organization The New York Times headquarters 620 Eighth Avenue Meredith Kopit Levien has been president and chief executive officer since September 2020 130 News staff In addition to its New York City headquarters the paper has newsrooms in London and Hong Kong 131 132 Its Paris newsroom which had been the headquarters of the paper s international edition was closed in 2016 although the city remains home to a news bureau and an advertising office 133 134 The paper also has an editing and wire service center in Gainesville Florida 135 As of 2013 update the newspaper had six news bureaus in the New York region 14 elsewhere in the United States and 24 in other countries 136 In 2009 Russ Stanton editor of the Los Angeles Times a competitor stated that the newsroom of The New York Times was twice the size of the Los Angeles Times which had a newsroom of 600 at the time 137 To facilitate their reporting and to hasten an otherwise lengthy process of reviewing many documents during preparation for publication their interactive news team has adapted optical character recognition technology into a proprietary tool known as Document Helper 138 It enables the team to accelerate the processing of documents that need to be reviewed During March 2019 they documented that this tool enabled them to process 900 documents in less than ten minutes in preparation for reporters to review the contents 139 The newspaper s editorial staff including over 3 000 reporters and media staff are unionized with NewsGuild In 2021 the Times s digital technology staff formed a union with NewsGuild 140 which the company declined to voluntarily recognize 141 Ochs Sulzberger family In 1896 Adolph Ochs bought The New York Times a money losing newspaper and formed the New York Times Company The Ochs Sulzberger family one of the United States newspaper dynasties has owned The New York Times ever since 35 The publisher went public on January 14 1969 trading at 42 a share on the American Stock Exchange 142 After this the family continued to exert control through its ownership of the vast majority of Class B voting shares Class A shareholders are permitted restrictive voting rights while Class B shareholders are allowed open voting rights The Ochs Sulzberger family trust controls roughly 88 percent of the company s class B shares Any alteration to the dual class structure must be ratified by six of eight directors who sit on the board of the Ochs Sulzberger family trust The trust board members are Daniel H Cohen James M Cohen Lynn G Dolnick Susan W Dryfoos Michael Golden Eric M A Lax Arthur O Sulzberger Jr and Cathy J Sulzberger 143 Turner Catledge the top editor at The New York Times from 1952 to 1968 wanted to hide the ownership influence Arthur Sulzberger routinely wrote memos to his editor each containing suggestions instructions complaints and orders When Catledge would receive these memos he would erase the publisher s identity before passing them to his subordinates Catledge thought that if he removed the publisher s name from the memos it would protect reporters from feeling pressured by the owner 144 Public editors The position of public editor was established in 2003 to investigate matters of journalistic integrity each public editor was to serve a two year term 145 The post was established to receive reader complaints and question Times journalists on how they make decisions 146 The impetus for the creation of the public editor position was the Jayson Blair affair Public editors were Daniel Okrent 2003 2005 Byron Calame 2005 2007 Clark Hoyt 2007 2010 served an extra year Arthur S Brisbane 2010 2012 Margaret Sullivan 2012 2016 served a four year term and Elizabeth Spayd 2016 2017 In 2017 the Times eliminated the position of public editor 146 ContentEditorial stance The editorial pages of The New York Times are typically liberal in their position 20 21 In mid 2004 the newspaper s then public editor ombudsman Daniel Okrent wrote that the Op Ed page editors do an evenhanded job of representing a range of views in the essays from outsiders they publish but you need an awfully heavy counterweight to balance a page that also bears the work of seven opinionated columnists only two of whom could be classified as conservative and even then of the conservative subspecies that supports legalization of gay unions and in the case of William Safire opposes some central provisions of the Patriot Act 147 The New York Times has not endorsed a Republican Party member for president since Dwight D Eisenhower in 1956 since 1960 it has endorsed the Democratic Party nominee in every presidential election see New York Times presidential endorsements 148 The New York Times did endorse incumbent moderate Republican mayors of New York City Rudy Giuliani in 1997 149 and Michael Bloomberg in 2005 and 2009 150 The Times also endorsed Republican New York state governor George Pataki for re election in 2002 151 Style Unlike most U S daily newspapers the Times relies on its own in house stylebook rather than The Associated Press Stylebook When referring to people The New York Times generally uses honorifics rather than unadorned last names except in the sports pages pop culture coverage 152 and the Book Review and Magazine 153 The New York Times printed a display advertisement on its first page on January 6 2009 breaking tradition at the paper 154 The advertisement for CBS was in color and ran the entire width of the page 155 The newspaper promised it would place first page advertisements on only the lower half of the page 154 In August 2014 the Times decided to use the word torture to describe incidents in which interrogators inflicted pain on a prisoner in an effort to get information This was a shift from the paper s previous practice of describing such practices as harsh or brutal interrogations 156 The paper maintains a strict profanity policy A 2007 review of a concert by the punk band Fucked Up for example completely avoided mention of the group s name 157 The Times has on occasion published unfiltered video content that includes profanity and slurs where it has determined that such video has news value 158 During the 2016 U S presidential election campaign the Times did print the words fuck and pussy among others when reporting on the vulgar statements made by Donald Trump in a 2005 recording Then Times politics editor Carolyn Ryan said It s a rare thing for us to use this language in our stories even in quotes and we discussed it at length Ryan said the paper ultimately decided to publish it because of its news value and because t o leave it out or simply describe it seemed awkward and less than forthright to us especially given that we would be running a video that showed our readers exactly what was said 159 ProductsPrint newspaper In the absence of a major headline the day s most important story generally appears in the top right column on the main page The typefaces used for the headlines are custom variations of Cheltenham The running text is set at 8 7 point Imperial 160 161 The newspaper is organized into three sections including the magazine News Includes International National Washington Business Technology Science Health Sports The Metro Section Education Weather and Obituaries Opinion Includes Editorials Op eds and Letters to the Editor Features Includes Arts Movies Theater Travel NYC Guide Food Home amp Garden Fashion amp Style Crossword The New York Times Book Review T The New York Times Style Magazine The New York Times Magazine and Sunday Review Some sections such as Metro are only found in the editions of the paper distributed in the New York New Jersey Connecticut tri state area and not in the national or Washington D C editions 162 Aside from a weekly roundup of reprints of editorial cartoons from other newspapers The New York Times does not have its own staff editorial cartoonist nor does it feature a comics page or Sunday comics section 163 From 1851 to 2017 The New York Times published around 60 000 print issues containing about 3 5 million pages and 15 million articles 62 Monday to Friday circulation 164 Like most other American newspapers 165 The New York Times has experienced a decline in circulation Its printed weekday circulation dropped by 50 percent to 540 000 copies from 2005 to 2017 164 International Edition The New York Times International Edition is a print version of the paper tailored for readers outside the United States Formerly a joint venture with The Washington Post named The International Herald Tribune The New York Times took full ownership of the paper in 2002 and has gradually integrated it more closely into its domestic operations Website The New York Times began publishing daily on the World Wide Web on January 22 1996 offering readers around the world immediate access to most of the daily newspaper s contents 166 The website had 555 million pageviews and 15 million unique visitors in March 2005 167 By March 2020 this had risen to 2 5 billion pageviews and 240 million unique visitors 168 As of May 2009 update nytimes com produced 22 of the 50 most popular newspaper blogs 169 As of August 2020 the company had 6 5 million paid subscribers out of which 5 7 million were subscribed to its digital content In the period April June 2020 it added 669 000 new digital subscribers 170 Food section The food section is supplemented on the web by properties for home cooks and for out of home dining The New York Times Cooking cooking nytimes com also available via iOS app provides access to more than 17 000 recipes on file as of November 2016 update 171 and availability of saving recipes from other sites around the web The newspaper s restaurant search nytimes com reviews dining allows online readers to search NYC area restaurants by cuisine neighborhood price and reviewer rating The New York Times has also published several cookbooks including The Essential New York Times Cookbook Classic Recipes for a New Century published in late 2010 TimesSelect In September 2005 the paper decided to begin subscription based service for daily columns in a program known as TimesSelect which encompassed many previously free columns Until being discontinued two years later TimesSelect cost 7 95 per month or 49 95 per year 172 though it was free for print copy subscribers and university students and faculty 173 174 To avoid this charge bloggers often reposted TimesSelect material 175 and at least one site once compiled links of reprinted material 176 On September 17 2007 The New York Times announced that it would stop charging for access to parts of its Web site effective at midnight the following day reflecting a growing view in the industry that subscription fees cannot outweigh the potential ad revenue from increased traffic on a free site 177 Times columnists including Nicholas Kristof and Thomas Friedman had criticized TimesSelect 178 with Friedman going so far as to say I hate it It pains me enormously because it s cut me off from a lot a lot of people especially because I have a lot of people reading me overseas like in India I feel totally cut off from my audience 179 Paywall and digital subscriptions In 2007 in addition to opening almost the entire site to all readers The New York Times news archives from 1987 to the present were made available at no charge to non subscribers 180 as well as those from 1851 to 1922 which are in the public domain 181 Falling print advertising revenue and projections of continued decline resulted in a metered paywall being instituted in March 2011 limiting non subscribers to a monthly allotment of 20 free on line articles per month 182 183 This measure was regarded as modestly successful after garnering several hundred thousand subscriptions and about 100 million in revenue as of March 2012 update 184 185 Beginning in April 2012 the number of free access articles was halved from 20 to 10 articles per month 185 Any reader who wanted to access more would have to pay for a digital subscription This plan allowed free access for occasional readers Digital subscription rates for four weeks ranged from 15 to 35 depending on the package selected with periodic new subscriber promotions offering four week all digital access for as low as 99 Subscribers to the paper s print edition got full access without any additional fee Some content such as the front page and section fronts remained free as well as the Top News page on mobile apps In January 2013 The New York Times Public Editor Margaret M Sullivan announced that for the first time in many decades the paper generated more revenue through subscriptions than through advertising 186 In December 2017 the number of free articles per month was reduced from 10 to 5 the first change to the metered paywall since April 2012 187 An executive of the New York Times Company stated that the decision was motivated by an all time high in the demand for journalism 187 A digital subscription to The New York Times cost 16 a month in 2017 187 As of December 2017 update The New York Times had a total of 3 5 million paid subscriptions in both print and digital versions and about 130 million monthly readers more than double its audience two years previously 188 In February 2018 the New York Times Company reported increased revenue from the digital only subscriptions adding 157 000 new subscribers to a total of 2 6 million digital only subscribers Digital advertising also saw growth during this period At the same time advertising for the print version of the journal fell 189 190 Mobile presence Apps In 2008 The New York Times was made available as an app for the iPhone and iPod Touch 191 as well as publishing an iPad app in 2010 192 193 The app allowed users to download articles to their mobile device enabling them to read the paper even when they were unable to receive a signal 194 As of October 2010 update The New York Times iPad app is ad supported and available for free without a paid subscription but translated into a subscription based model in 2011 192 In 2010 The New York Times editors collaborated with students and faculty from New York University s Studio 20 Journalism Masters program to launch and produce The Local East Village a hyperlocal blog designed to offer news by for and about the residents of the East Village 195 That same year reCAPTCHA helped to digitize old editions of The New York Times 196 In 2010 the newspaper also launched an app for Android smartphones followed later by an app for Windows Phones 197 Moreover the Times was the first newspaper to offer a video game as part of its editorial content Food Import Folly by Persuasive Games 198 The Times Reader The Times Reader is a digital version of The New York Times created via a collaboration between the newspaper and Microsoft Times Reader takes the principles of print journalism and applies them to the technique of online reporting using a series of technologies developed by Microsoft and their Windows Presentation Foundation team It was announced in Seattle in April 2006 by Arthur Ochs Sulzberger Jr Bill Gates and Tom Bodkin 199 In 2009 the Times Reader 2 0 was rewritten in Adobe AIR 200 In December 2013 the newspaper announced that the Times Reader app would be discontinued as of January 6 2014 urging readers of the app to instead begin using the subscription only Today s Paper app 201 Podcasts The New York Times began producing podcasts in 2006 Among the early podcasts were Inside The Times and Inside The New York Times Book Review Several of the Times podcasts were cancelled in 2012 202 203 The Times returned to launching new podcasts in 2016 including Modern Love with WBUR 204 On January 30 2017 The New York Times launched a news podcast The Daily 205 206 In October 2018 NYT debuted The Argument with opinion columnists Ross Douthat Michelle Goldberg and David Leonhardt It is a weekly discussion about a single issue explained from the left center and right of the political spectrum 207 Non English versions Chinese language In June 2012 The New York Times introduced its first official foreign language variant cn nytimes com a Chinese language news site viewable in both traditional and simplified Chinese characters The project was led by Craig S Smith on the business side and Philip P Pan on the editorial side 208 with content created by staff based in Shanghai Beijing and Hong Kong though the server was placed outside of China to avoid censorship issues 209 The site s initial success was interrupted in October that year following the publication of an investigative article b by David Barboza about the finances of Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao s family 210 In retaliation for the article the Chinese government blocked access to both nytimes com and cn nytimes com inside the People s Republic of China PRC Despite Chinese government interference the Chinese language operations continued to develop briefly adding a second site cn nytstyle com iOS and Android apps and newsletters some of which are accessible inside the PRC The China operations also produce print publications in Chinese Traffic to cn nytimes com meanwhile has risen due to the widespread use of VPN technology in the PRC and to a growing Chinese audience outside mainland China 211 The New York Times articles are also available to users in China via the use of mirror websites apps domestic newspapers and social media 211 212 The Chinese platforms now represent one of The New York Times top five digital markets globally The editor in chief of the Chinese platforms is Ching Ching Ni 213 The New York Times en Espanol Spanish language Between February 2016 and September 2019 The New York Times launched a standalone Spanish language edition The New York Times en Espanol The Spanish language version featured increased coverage of news and events in Latin America and Spain The expansion into Spanish language news content allowed the newspaper to expand its audience into the Spanish speaking world and increase its revenue The Spanish language version was seen as a way to compete with the established El Pais newspaper of Spain which bills itself the global newspaper in Spanish 214 Its Spanish version has a team of journalists in Mexico City as well as correspondents in Venezuela Brazil Argentina Miami and Madrid Spain 215 216 It was discontinued in September 2019 citing lack of financial success as the reason 217 In March 2013 The New York Times and National Film Board of Canada announced a partnership titled A Short History of the Highrise which will create four short documentaries for the Internet about life in high rise buildings as part of the NFB s Highrise project utilizing images from the newspaper s photo archives for the first three films and user submitted images for the final film 218 The third project in the Short History of the Highrise series won a Peabody Award in 2013 219 TimesMachine The TimesMachine is a Web based archive of scanned issues of The New York Times from 1851 through 2002 220 Unlike The New York Times online archive the TimesMachine presents scanned images of the actual newspaper 221 All non advertising content can be displayed on a per story basis in a separate PDF display page and saved for future reference 222 The archive is available to The New York Times subscribers whether via home delivery or digital access 220 Selected archival access to The New York Times LCCN sn78 4456 via Chronicling America public domain ISSN 0362 4331 via ProQuest OCLC 1645522 all editions 858655519 via ProQuest 7764137 microfilm 69647843 microfilm International ed TimesMachine every issue published before December 31 2002 Newspapers com 1851 1922 InterruptionsBecause of holidays no editions were printed on November 23 1851 January 2 1852 July 4 1852 January 2 1853 and January 1 1854 223 Because of strikes the regular edition of The New York Times was not printed during the following periods 224 September 19 1923 to September 26 1923 An unauthorized local union strike prevented the publication of several New York papers among them The New York Times During this period The Combined New York Morning Newspapers were published with summaries of the news 225 December 12 1962 to March 31 1963 Only a western edition was printed because of the 1962 63 New York City newspaper strike 225 September 17 1965 to October 10 1965 An international edition was printed and a weekend edition replaced the Saturday and Sunday papers August 10 1978 to November 5 1978 The multi union 1978 New York City newspaper strike shut down the three major New York City newspapers No editions of The New York Times were printed 223 Two months into the strike a parody of The New York Times called Not The New York Times was distributed in the city with contributors such as Carl Bernstein Christopher Cerf Tony Hendra and George Plimpton 226 The newspaper s website was hacked on August 29 2013 by the Syrian Electronic Army a hacking group that supports the government of Syrian President Bashar al Assad The SEA managed to penetrate the paper s domain name registrar Melbourne IT and alter DNS records for The New York Times putting some of its websites out of service for hours 227 ControversiesMain article List of controversies involving The New York Times This article s Criticism or Controversy section may compromise the article s neutrality by separating out potentially negative information Please integrate the section s contents into the article as a whole or rewrite the material October 2021 Ukraine Walter Duranty who served as its Moscow bureau chief from 1922 through 1936 has been criticized for a series of stories in 1931 on the Soviet Union and won a Pulitzer Prize for his work at that time Criticism rose for his denial of widespread famine known in Ukraine as the Holodomor in the early 1930s in which he summarized Soviet propaganda and the Times published as fact Conditions are bad but there is no famine 228 229 230 231 232 In 2003 after the Pulitzer Board began a renewed inquiry the Times hired Mark von Hagen professor of Russian history at Columbia University to review Duranty s work Von Hagen found Duranty s reports to be unbalanced and uncritical and that they far too often gave voice to Stalinist propaganda In comments to the press he stated For the sake of The New York Times honor they should take the prize away 233 The Ukrainian Weekly covered the efforts to rescind Duranty s prize 234 235 The Times has since made a public statement and the Pulitzer committee has declined to rescind the award twice stating that Mr Duranty s 1931 work measured by today s standards for foreign reporting falls seriously short In that regard the Board s view is similar to that of The New York Times itself 235 236 World War II Jerold Auerbach a Guggenheim Fellow and Fulbright Lecturer wrote in Print to Fit The New York Times Zionism and Israel 1896 2016 237 that it was of utmost importance to Adolph Ochs the first Jewish owner of the paper that in spite of the persecution of Jews in Germany the Times through its reporting should never be classified as a Jewish newspaper 238 After Ochs death in 1935 his son in law Arthur Hays Sulzberger became the publisher of The New York Times and maintained the understanding that no reporting should reflect on the Times as a Jewish newspaper Sulzberger shared Ochs concerns about the way Jews were perceived in American society His apprehensions about judgement were manifested positively by his strong fidelity to the United States At the same time within the pages of The New York Times Sulzberger refused to bring attention to Jews including the refusal to identify Jews as major victims of Nazi genocide Instead many reports of Nazi ordered slaughter identified Jewish victims as persons The Times even opposed the rescue of Jewish refugees 239 On November 14 2001 in The New York Times 150th anniversary issue in an article entitled Turning Away From the Holocaust former executive editor Max Frankel wrote And then there was failure none greater than the staggering staining failure of The New York Times to depict Hitler s methodical extermination of the Jews of Europe as a horror beyond all other horrors in World War II a Nazi war within the war crying out for illumination 240 According to Frankel harsh judges of The New York Times have blamed self hating Jews and anti Zionists among the paper s owners and staff Frankel responded to this criticism by describing the fragile sensibilities of the Jewish owners of The New York Times Then too papers owned by Jewish families like The Times were plainly afraid to have a society that was still widely anti Semitic misread their passionate opposition to Hitler as a merely parochial cause Even some leading Jewish groups hedged their appeals for rescue lest they be accused of wanting to divert wartime energies At The Times the reluctance to highlight the systematic slaughter of Jews was undoubtedly influenced by the views of the publisher Arthur Hays Sulzberger He believed strongly and publicly that Judaism was a religion not a race or nationality that Jews should be separate only in the way they worshiped He thought they needed no state or political and social institutions of their own He went to great lengths to avoid having The Times branded a Jewish newspaper He resented other publications for emphasizing the Jewishness of people in the news 240 In the same article Frankel quotes Laurel Leff associate professor of journalism at Northeastern University who in 2000 had described how the newspaper downplayed Nazi Germany s targeting of Jews for genocide 241 November 1942 was a critical month for American Jews After several months of delay the U S State Department had confirmed already published information that Germany was engaged in the systematic extermination of European Jews Newspaper reports put the death toll at one million and described the most ruthless methods including mass gassings at special camps 241 Yet at the beginning of November 1942 Sulzberger lobbied U S government officials against the founding of a homeland for Jews to escape to The Times was silent on the matter of an increase in U S immigration quotas to permit more Jews to enter and actively supported the British Government s restriction on legal immigration to Palestine even as the persecution of Jews intensified 241 Sulzberger described Jews as being of no more concern to Nazi Germany than Roman Catholic priests or Christian ministers and that Jews certainly were not singled out for extermination 241 Leff s 2005 book Buried by the Times documents the paper s tendency before during and after World War II to place deep inside its daily editions the news stories about the ongoing persecution and extermination of Jews while obscuring in those stories the special impact of the Nazis crimes on Jews in particular Leff attributes this dearth in part to the complex personal and political views of Sulzberger concerning Jewishness antisemitism and Zionism 242 Accusations of liberal biasIn 2004 the newspaper s public editor Daniel Okrent said in an opinion piece that The New York Times did have a liberal bias in news coverage of certain social issues such as abortion and same sex marriage 147 He stated that this bias reflected the paper s cosmopolitanism which arose naturally from its roots as a hometown paper of New York City writing that the coverage of the Times s Arts amp Leisure Culture and the Sunday Times Magazine trend to the left 147 If you re examining the paper s coverage of these subjects from a perspective that is neither urban nor Northeastern nor culturally seen it all if you are among the groups The Times treats as strange objects to be examined on a laboratory slide devout Catholics gun owners Orthodox Jews Texans if your value system wouldn t wear well on a composite New York Times journalist then a walk through this paper can make you feel you re traveling in a strange and forbidding world Times public editor Arthur Brisbane wrote in 2012 243 When The Times covers a national presidential campaign I have found that the lead editors and reporters are disciplined about enforcing fairness and balance and usually succeed in doing so Across the paper s many departments though so many share a kind of political and cultural progressivism for lack of a better term that this worldview virtually bleeds through the fabric of The Times The New York Times public editor ombudsman Elizabeth Spayd wrote in 2016 that Conservatives and even many moderates see in The Times a blue state worldview and accuse it of harboring a liberal bias Spayd did not analyze the substance of the claim but did opine that the Times is part of a fracturing media environment that reflects a fractured country That in turn leads liberals and conservatives toward separate news sources 244 Times executive editor Dean Baquet stated that he does not believe coverage has a liberal bias 244 We have to be really careful that people feel like they can see themselves in The New York Times I want us to be perceived as fair and honest to the world not just a segment of it It s a really difficult goal Do we pull it off all the time No Jayson Blair plagiarism 2003 Main article Jayson Blair Plagiarism and fabrication scandal In May 2003 The New York Times reporter Jayson Blair was forced to resign from the newspaper after he was caught plagiarizing and fabricating elements of his stories Some critics contended that Blair s race was a major factor in his hiring and in The New York Times initial reluctance to fire him 245 Iraq War 2003 06 Main article Judith Miller The Iraq War The Times supported the 2003 invasion of Iraq 246 On May 26 2004 more than a year after the war started the newspaper asserted that some of its articles had not been as rigorous as they should have been and were insufficiently qualified frequently overly dependent upon information from Iraqi exiles desiring regime change 247 The New York Times admitted Articles based on dire claims about Iraq tended to get prominent display while follow up articles that called the original ones into question were sometimes buried In some cases there was no follow up at all The paper said it was encouraged to report the claims by United States officials convinced of the need to intervene in Iraq 248 The New York Times was involved in a significant controversy regarding the allegations surrounding Iraq and weapons of mass destruction in September 2002 249 A front page story was authored by Judith Miller which claimed that the Iraqi government was in the process of developing nuclear weapons was published 250 Miller s story was cited by officials such as Condoleezza Rice Colin Powell and Donald Rumsfeld as part of a campaign to commission the Iraq War 251 One of Miller s prime sources was Ahmed Chalabi an Iraqi expatriate who returned to Iraq after the U S invasion and held a number of governmental positions culminating in acting oil minister and deputy prime minister from May 2005 until May 2006 252 253 254 255 In 2005 negotiating a private severance package with Sulzberger Miller retired after criticisms that her reporting of the lead up to the Iraq War was factually inaccurate and overly favorable to the position of the Bush administration for which The New York Times later apologized 256 257 Israeli Palestinian conflict A 2003 study in the Harvard International Journal of Press Politics concluded that The New York Times reporting was more favorable to Israelis than to Palestinians 258 A 2002 study published in the journal Journalism examined Middle East coverage of the Second Intifada over a one month period in The New York Times The Washington Post and the Chicago Tribune The study authors said that the Times was the most slanted in a pro Israeli direction with a bias reflected in its use of headlines photographs graphics sourcing practices and lead paragraphs 259 For its coverage of the Israeli Palestinian conflict some such as Ed Koch have claimed that the paper is pro Palestinian while others such as As ad AbuKhalil have claimed that it is pro Israel 260 261 The Israel Lobby and U S Foreign Policy by political science professors John Mearsheimer and Stephen Walt alleges The New York Times sometimes criticizes Israeli policies but is not even handed and is generally pro Israel 262 In 2009 the Simon Wiesenthal Center criticized the newspaper for printing cartoons regarding the Israeli Palestinian conflict that were described as hideously anti Semitic 263 Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu rejected a proposal to write an article for the paper on grounds of lack of objectivity A piece in which Thomas Friedman commented that praise given to Netanyahu during a speech at the U S Congress was paid for by the Israel lobby elicited an apology and clarification from its author 264 The 1619 Project The 1619 Project a long form journalism project re evaluating slavery and its legacy in the United States led by investigative journalist Nikole Hannah Jones has received criticism from some historians 265 266 In December 2019 twelve historians wrote to The New York Times Magazine 267 expressing concern over what they alleged were inaccuracies and falsehoods fundamental to Hannah Jones reporting 268 The magazine s editor in chief Jake Silverstein responded to the historians letter in an editorial in which he called into question the historical accuracy of some of the letter s claims 269 In an article in The Atlantic historian Sean Wilentz responded to Silverstein writing No effort to educate the public in order to advance social justice can afford to dispense with a respect for basic facts and disputed the accuracy of Silverstein s defense of the project 270 In September 2020 the Times updated the opening text of the project website to remove the phrase understanding 1619 as our true founding without accompanying editorial notes Times columnist Bret Stephens wrote that the differences showed that the newspaper was backing away from some of the initiative s more controversial claims 271 The Times defended its practices with Hannah Jones emphasizing how most of the project s content has remained unchanged 272 273 ReputationThe Times has developed a national and international reputation for thoroughness 274 Among journalists the paper is held in high regard a 1999 survey of newspaper editors conducted by the Columbia Journalism Review found that the Times was the best American paper ahead of The Washington Post The Wall Street Journal and Los Angeles Times 275 276 The Times also was ranked 1 in a 2011 quality ranking of U S newspapers by Daniel de Vise of The Washington Post the objective ranking took into account the number of recent Pulitzer Prizes won circulation and perceived Web site quality 276 A 2012 report in WNYC called the Times the most respected newspaper in the world 277 Nevertheless like many other U S media sources the Times has suffered from a decline in public perceptions of credibility in the U S in the early 21st century 278 A Pew Research Center survey in 2012 asked respondents about their views on credibility of various news organizations Among respondents who gave a rating 49 said that they believed all or most of the Times s reporting while 50 disagreed A large percentage 19 of respondents were unable to rate believability The Times s score was comparable to that of USA Today 278 Media analyst Brooke Gladstone of WNYC s On the Media writing for The New York Times says that the decline in U S public trust of the mass media can be explained 1 by the rise of the polarized Internet driven news 2 by a decline in trust in U S institutions more generally and 3 by the fact that Americans say they want accuracy and impartiality but the polls suggest that actually most of us are seeking affirmation 279 Awards Main article List of awards won by the New York Times The New York Times has won 132 Pulitzer Prizes more than any other newspaper The prize is awarded for excellence in journalism in a range of categories 280 It has also as of 2014 update won three Peabody Awards and jointly received two 281 Peabody Awards are given for accomplishments in television radio and online media See also 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Duranty The New York Times s Man in Moscow 1st ed New York Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 505700 3 External linksNew York Times at Wikipedia s sister projects Media from Commons News from Wikinews Quotations from Wikiquote Texts from Wikisource Official website Official Tor site nytimesn7cgmftshazwhfgzm37qxb44r64ytbb2dj3x62d2lljsciiyd onion Accessing link help Curated collection of most pre 1923 issues at Online Books Page Works by or about The New York Times at Internet Archive archives Works by The New York Times at LibriVox public domain audiobooks New York Times Core ac uk Open access research papers The New York Times on Twitter Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title The New York Times amp oldid 1133353679, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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