The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court (also called the "Chief Justice of Bhutan"), as well as its Drangpons are appointed by the Druk Gyalpo from among their juniors and peers, or from among other eminent jurists.
Presidential appointment after Minister of Justice nomination following Qualifications Committee selection. Parliamentary confirmation before appointment if minister nomination differs from committee selection.
Appointed by the President, on recommendations[b] of the Supreme Court Collegium consisting of the 5 senior-most judges of the Supreme Court including the Chief Justice.[3]
Magistral Court of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta
International courtsedit
There are a number of international courts that are the highest courts of appeal for members of the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) and some of the countries of the Commonwealth of Nations respectively. However, the members of those organisations do sometimes have high courts of their own and their jurisdiction may be limited.
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A supreme court is the highest court within the hierarchy of courts in most legal jurisdictions Supreme courts include Contents 1 List of supreme courts 1 1 States recognised by the United Nations 1 2 States recognised by at least one United Nations member 1 3 States not recognised by any United Nations members 1 4 Sui generis entities 1 5 International courts 2 See also 3 Notes 4 ReferencesList of supreme courts editStates recognised by the United Nations edit State Court s Mode of selection Term Years Retirement age Number of members nbsp Afghanistan Supreme Court of Afghanistan a Appointed by the supreme leader nbsp Albania Constitutional Court of Albania 3 members appointed by the President 3 members elected by 3 5 of the Assembly 3 members elected by the High Court 9 70 9Supreme Court of Albania Appointed by the President with the consent of Parliament 9 70 17 nbsp Algeria Constitutional Court of Algeria 4 members appointed by the President 2 elected by the Supreme Court 2 elected by the Council of State 6 12Supreme Court of Algeria appointed by the executive nbsp Andorra Superior Court of Justice nbsp Angola Supreme Court of Angola appointed by the presidentConstitutional Court of Angola Four are appointed by the President four by the National Assembly two by the Superior Council of the Judiciary and one elected by the public 11 nbsp Antigua and Barbuda Eastern Caribbean Supreme CourtJudicial Committee of the Privy Council see below nbsp Argentina Supreme Court of Argentina Presidential nomination with Senate of Argentina confirmation Judges Ministers of the Supreme Court President 75 5 nbsp Armenia Constitutional Court of Armenia Elected appointed by the National Assembly with an equal number of nominations by the president the government and a general meeting of judges 12 years non renewable 70 9Court of Cassation nbsp Australia High Court of Australia Appointed by Governor General following nomination by Prime Minister and advice from Attorney General and Cabinet 70 7 nbsp Austria Constitutional Court of Austria Justices are sworn in by the President on nomination of either the Government the National Council or the Federal Council Mandatory retirement at 70 years of age 14 members including the President and the Vice President 6 substitute membersSupreme Court of Justice Presidential appointment on nomination of the minister of justice 60Administrative Court of Austria nbsp Azerbaijan Constitutional Court of AzerbaijanSupreme Court of Azerbaijan nbsp Bahamas Supreme Court of the Bahamas 11Judicial Committee of the Privy Council see below nbsp Bahrain Constitutional CourtCourt of CassationSupreme Court of AppealHigh Sharia Court of Appeal nbsp Bangladesh Supreme Court of Bangladesh The Chief Justice of Bangladesh and other judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by the President of Bangladesh with prior mandatory consultation with the Prime Minister 67 6 in Appellate Division 95 in High Court Division nbsp Barbados Supreme Court of JudicatureCaribbean Court of Justice nbsp Belarus Constitutional Court of Belarus 1 12Supreme Court of Belarus a nbsp Belgium Constitutional Court 12Court of Cassation 30 nbsp Belize Supreme Court of BelizeCaribbean Court of Justice nbsp Benin Constitutional Court of Benin 7Supreme Court of BeninHigh Court of Justice nbsp Bhutan Supreme Court of Bhutan The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court also called the Chief Justice of Bhutan as well as its Drangpons are appointed by the Druk Gyalpo from among their juniors and peers or from among other eminent jurists 10 65 5 nbsp Bolivia Plurinational Constitutional CourtSupreme Court of Justice 9 nbsp Bosnia and Herzegovina Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina 9Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina nbsp Botswana Court of Appeal nbsp Brazil Supreme Federal Court Presidential nomination with Senate confirmation 75 11Superior Court of Justice 33 nbsp Brunei Supreme Court of BruneiJudicial Committee of the Privy Council see below nbsp Bulgaria Supreme Court of Cassation of BulgariaSupreme Administrative Court of Bulgaria nbsp Burkina Faso Supreme Court of Burkina Faso nbsp Burundi Supreme Court of Burundi nbsp Cambodia Constitutional Council of Cambodia 9Supreme Court of Cambodia 9 nbsp Cameroon Supreme Court of Cameroon a nbsp Canada Supreme Court of Canada Judicial appointments in Canada 75 9 nbsp Cape Verde Supreme Court of Justice 5 minimum nbsp Central African Republic Constitutional Court of the Central African RepublicSupreme Court of the Central African Republic nbsp Chad Constitutional Council of Chad 9Supreme Court of Chad 16 nbsp Chile Constitutional Court of Chile 10Supreme Court of Chile 21 nbsp China Supreme People s Court a Elected de facto appointed by the National People s Congress or Standing Committee of the National People s Congress 400 approximate Standing Committee of the National People s Congress de facto Hong Kong and Macau 175Court of Final Appeal de jure Macau Appointed by the Chief Executive on nomination of the Independent Judicial Officers Recommendation Commission Court of Final Appeal de jure Hong Kong Appointed by the Chief Executive on nomination of the Judicial Officers Recommendation Commission and with the approval of the Legislative Council 70 nbsp Colombia Constitutional Court of Colombia 9Supreme Court of Justice 23Council of State 27 nbsp Comoros Supreme Court of the Comoros nbsp Congo Brazzaville Supreme Court of Republic of the Congo nbsp Congo Kinshasa Constitutional Court 9Court of Cassation 26Council of State nbsp Costa Rica Supreme Court of Justice of Costa Rica nbsp Croatia Supreme Court of Croatia Elected by the State Judicial Council Five years in the first term life tenure after renewal 70 42 nbsp Cuba People s Supreme Court of Cuba a nbsp Cyprus Supreme Court of Cyprus 13 nbsp Czech Republic Constitutional Court of the Czech Republic 15Supreme Court of the Czech RepublicSupreme Administrative Court of the Czech Republic nbsp Denmark Supreme Court of Denmark Appointed by the other judges 70 nbsp Djibouti Supreme Court of Djibouti nbsp Dominica Eastern Caribbean Supreme CourtCaribbean Court of Justice see below nbsp Dominican Republic Supreme Court of the Dominican Republic Elected by the National Council of Magistracy 9 16 nbsp East Timor Supreme Court of Justice nbsp Ecuador Constitutional Court of EcuadorNational Court of Justice of Ecuador a nbsp Egypt Supreme Constitutional Court of EgyptCourt of Cassation nbsp El Salvador Supreme Court of El Salvador nbsp Equatorial Guinea Constitutional Court of Equatorial GuineaSupreme Court of Equatorial Guinea nbsp Eritrea High Court of Eritrea nbsp Estonia Supreme Court of Estonia nbsp Eswatini High Court of Eswatini nbsp Ethiopia Federal Supreme Court nbsp Fiji Supreme Court of Fiji nbsp Finland Supreme Court of Finland 15 1 President a minimum of 14 others Currently 17 Supreme Administrative Court of Finland nbsp France Constitutional Council 3 members selected by the President of the Republic 3 members selected by the President of the Senate 3 members selected by the President of the National Assembly 9 years non renewable 9 2 former presidents of the Republic de facto Court of CassationCouncil of State nbsp Gabon Supreme Court of Gabon nbsp Gambia Supreme Court of the Gambia nbsp Georgia Constitutional Court of Georgia 3 Judges Appointed by the President of Georgia 3 Judges Elected by the Parliament of Georgia 3 Judges designated by the Supreme Court of Georgia 10 9Supreme Court of Georgia nbsp Germany Federal Constitutional Court Election by Bundestag and Bundesrat 12 68 16Federal Court of JusticeFederal Administrative CourtFederal Fiscal CourtFederal Labour CourtFederal Social Court nbsp Ghana Supreme Court of Ghana nbsp Greece Supreme Special CourtSupreme Civil and Criminal Court of GreeceCouncil of StateCourt of Audit nbsp Grenada Eastern Caribbean Supreme CourtJudicial Committee of the Privy Council see below nbsp Guatemala Constitutional CourtSupreme Court of Justice nbsp Guinea Supreme Court of Guinea nbsp Guinea Bissau Supreme Court of Guinea Bissau nbsp Guyana Supreme Court of JudicatureCaribbean Court of Justice 2 nbsp Haiti Supreme Court of Haiti nbsp Honduras Supreme Court of Honduras nbsp Hungary Constitutional Court of HungarySupreme Court of Hungary nbsp Iceland Supreme Court of Iceland Presidential appointment after Minister of Justice nomination following Qualifications Committee selection Parliamentary confirmation before appointment if minister nomination differs from committee selection no term limit Life tenure 7 by statute nbsp India Supreme Court of India Appointed by the President on recommendations b of the Supreme Court Collegium consisting of the 5 senior most judges of the Supreme Court including the Chief Justice 3 no term limit 65 34 including the Chief Justice of India nbsp Indonesia Constitutional Court of IndonesiaSupreme Court of Indonesia nbsp Iran Supreme Court of Iran The chief of the Supreme Court is nominated by the head of the judiciary 5 42 nbsp Iraq Supreme Court of Iraq nbsp Ireland Supreme Court of Ireland Appointed by the President acting on the binding advice of the Government Once appointed a judge may only be removed by the Oireachtas for stated misbehaviour or incapacity Mandatory retirement on reach 70 years of age 10 and 2 ex officio members nbsp Israel Supreme Court of Israel Presidential appointment upon nomination by the Judicial Selection Committee 70 15 nbsp Italy Constitutional Court of Italy Elected appointed in equal portions by Italian Parliament President of the Italian Republic and highest Italian courts 9 years not renewable 15Supreme Court of Cassation nbsp Ivory Coast Constitutional CouncilSupreme Court of the Ivory Coast nbsp Jamaica Court of AppealJudicial Committee of the Privy Council see below nbsp Japan Supreme Court of Japan Selected by the Cabinet of Japan Mandatory retirement at age 70 15 nbsp Jordan Court of Cassation nbsp Kazakhstan Constitutional Council of KazakhstanSupreme Court of Kazakhstan nbsp Kenya Supreme Court of Kenya nbsp Kiribati Court of Appeal of KiribatiJudicial Committee of the Privy Council see below nbsp Kuwait High Court of Appeal of Kuwait nbsp Kyrgyzstan Supreme Court of Kyrgyzstan a nbsp Laos People s Supreme Court of Laos nbsp Latvia Constitutional Court of Latvia Elected appointed in 3 portions by Saeima 2 by Government of Latvia and 2 by Supreme Court of Latvia 10 7Supreme Court of Latvia nbsp Lebanon Constitutional CouncilCourt of Cassation nbsp Lesotho Lesotho Court of Appeal nbsp Liberia Supreme Court of Liberia Presidential nomination with Senate confirmation no term limit 70 5 nbsp Libya Supreme Court of Libya nbsp Liechtenstein Supreme Court of Liechtenstein nbsp Lithuania Constitutional Court of Lithuania Renewed by a third every three years each judge nominated by the President Speaker of Seimas and the Head of the Supreme Court and appointed by Seimas 9 years only one term allowed 9Supreme Court of Lithuania nbsp Luxembourg Constitutional CourtSuperior Court of JusticeAdministrative Court nbsp Madagascar Supreme Court of Madagascar nbsp Malawi Constitutional Court of MalawiSupreme Court of Appeal nbsp Malaysia Federal Court of Malaysia a Royal appointment with the advice of the Prime Minister Compulsory retirement at age 66 and 6 months 15 nbsp Maldives Supreme Court of the Maldives Presidential Nomination and then People s Majlis Confirmation Life tenure 7 nbsp Mali Supreme Court of Mali nbsp Malta Constitutional Court of MaltaCourt of Civil Appeals of MaltaCourt of Criminal Appeals of Malta nbsp Marshall Islands Supreme Court of the Marshall Islands nbsp Mauritania Supreme Court of Mauritania nbsp Mauritius Supreme Court of Mauritius By the President after consultation with the Prime Minister 67 17Judicial Committee of the Privy Council see below nbsp Mexico Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation 15 11 nbsp Micronesia Supreme Court of the Federated States of Micronesia nbsp Moldova Constitutional Court of MoldovaSupreme Court of Justice of Moldova nbsp Monaco Supreme Court of Monaco nbsp Mongolia Constitutional Court of Mongolia Parliamentary presidential and judicial selection with parliamentary confirmation 9Supreme Court of Mongolia Appointment by President of Mongolia after presentation by the General Council of the Courts 25 nbsp Montenegro Constitutional Court of Montenegro Supreme Court of Montenegro nbsp Morocco Supreme Court of Morocco nbsp Mozambique Supreme Court of Mozambique nbsp Myanmar Constitutional Tribunal of MyanmarSupreme Court of Myanmar nbsp Namibia Supreme Court of Namibia nbsp Nauru Supreme Court of Nauru nbsp Nepal Supreme Court of Nepal Presidential nomination with Parliament confirmation 65 21 nbsp Netherlands Supreme Court of the Netherlands Selected by the House of Representatives on advice of the Supreme Court and appointed by royal decree 70 36Council of State nbsp New Zealand Supreme Court of New Zealand Appointed by the Governor General on behalf of King Charles III on the advice of the Prime Minister Chief Justice and Attorney General Justices 70 6 nbsp Nicaragua Supreme Court of Nicaragua nbsp Niger Constitutional Court of NigerSupreme Court of Niger nbsp Nigeria Supreme Court of Nigeria Presidential nomination with Senate confirmation no term limit 70 21 nbsp North Korea Supreme Court of the Democratic People s Republic of Korea a 4 nbsp North Macedonia Constitutional Court of North MacedoniaSupreme Court of North Macedonia nbsp Norway Supreme Court of Norway 20 nbsp Oman Supreme Court of Oman a nbsp Pakistan Supreme Court of PakistanFederal Shariat Court nbsp Palau Supreme Court of Palau nbsp Panama Supreme Court of Justice nbsp Papua New Guinea Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea 10 year term renewable nbsp Paraguay Supreme Court of Justice nbsp Peru Constitutional Court of PeruSupreme Court of Peru nbsp Philippines Supreme Court of the Philippines Presidential appointment from the shortlist of candidates submitted by the Judicial and Bar Council 70 15 nbsp Poland Constitutional Tribunal 1 Supreme Court of PolandSupreme Administrative Court 5 nbsp Portugal Constitutional Court of PortugalSupreme Court of Justice nbsp Qatar Court of Cassation of Qatar a nbsp Romania Constitutional Court of Romania Senate selection 3 members Chamber of Deputies selection 3 members President selection 3 members 9 9High Court of Cassation and Justice nbsp Russia Constitutional Court of RussiaSupreme Court of Russia nbsp Rwanda Supreme Court of Rwanda nbsp Saint Kitts and Nevis Eastern Caribbean Supreme CourtJudicial Committee of the Privy Council see below nbsp Saint Lucia Eastern Caribbean Supreme CourtCaribbean Court of Justice see below nbsp Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Eastern Caribbean Supreme CourtJudicial Committee of the Privy Council see below nbsp Samoa Court of Appeal of SamoaSupreme Court of Samoa nbsp San Marino Council of Twelve nbsp Sao Tome and Principe Supreme Court of Justice nbsp Saudi Arabia Supreme Judicial Council nbsp Senegal Constitutional CouncilCourt of Cassation nbsp Serbia Constitutional Court of Serbia Parliament selection 5 members Supreme Court of Cassation selection 5 members Presidential selection 5 members 9 15Supreme Court of Cassation nbsp Seychelles Supreme Court of Seychelles nbsp Sierra Leone Supreme Court of Sierra Leone nbsp Singapore Supreme Court of Singapore a Executive selection 65 nbsp Slovakia Constitutional Court of SlovakiaSupreme Court of SlovakiaSupreme Administrative Court of Slovakia nbsp Slovenia Constitutional Court of SloveniaSupreme Court of Slovenia nbsp Solomon Islands Court of Appeal of Solomon Islands nbsp Somalia Constitutional CourtFederal High Court nbsp South Africa Constitutional Court of South AfricaSupreme Court of Appeal of South Africa nbsp South Korea Constitutional Court of Korea Appointed by President upon nomination of equal portions from National Assembly Supreme Court Chief Justice and the President 6 years renewable 70 9Supreme Court of Korea Appointed by President with consent of National Assembly for associate Justices nomination of Chief Justice is additionally required 6 years renewable 70 14 nbsp South Sudan Supreme Court of South Sudan nbsp Spain Constitutional Court of Spain Appointed by the King after being nominated by the Parliament the General Council of the Judiciary and the Government 9 12Supreme Court of Spain Appointed by Monarch on selection by the General Council of the Judiciary 70 79 nbsp Sri Lanka Supreme Court of Sri Lanka nbsp Sudan Supreme Court of Sudan a nbsp Suriname High Court of Justice of Suriname nbsp Sweden Supreme Court of Sweden Government appointed with parliamentary notification Life tenure 67 16Supreme Administrative Court of Sweden nbsp Switzerland Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland nbsp Syria Supreme Constitutional Court of SyriaCourt of Cassation nbsp Tajikistan Supreme Court of Tajikistan a nbsp Tanzania Court of Appeal of Tanzania nbsp Thailand Supreme Court of Thailand nbsp Togo Supreme Court of Togo nbsp Tonga Court of Appeal of TongaPrivy Council of Tonga hereditary estates and titles nbsp Trinidad and Tobago Supreme Court of Trinidad and Tobago 6 Judicial Committee of the Privy Council see below nbsp Tunisia Constitutional CourtCourt of Cassation a nbsp Turkey Constitutional Court of Turkey Legislative Executive appointment 12 65 15Court of Cassation Council of Judges and Prosecutors 12 65 380Council of State Council of Judges and Prosecutors 12 65 115Court of Jurisdictional Disputes Appointed by other supreme courts 4 65 13 nbsp Turkmenistan Supreme Court of Turkmenistan nbsp Tuvalu Court of Appeal of TuvaluJudicial Committee of the Privy Council see below nbsp Uganda Constitutional Court of UgandaSupreme Court of Uganda nbsp Ukraine Constitutional Court of Ukraine Presidential Parliamentary and Congress of Judges nomination 9 65 18Supreme Court of Ukraine Presidential parliamentary appointment 5 year term renewable 48 nbsp United Arab Emirates Federal Supreme Court Presidential appointment 20 nbsp United Kingdom Supreme Court of the United Kingdom Appointed by the Monarch on the advice of the Prime Minister following approval of a recommendation by the Lord Chancellor 12 nbsp Scotland High Court of Justiciary Scotland Criminal Appeals concerning violations of the Human Rights Act 1998 may be heard in the Supreme Court alongside civil cases Judicial Committee of the Privy Council nbsp United States Supreme Court of the United States Presidential nomination with Senate confirmation Life tenure 9 nbsp Uruguay Supreme Court of Uruguay Appointed by the General Assembly by two thirds of the votes 10 5 nbsp Uzbekistan Supreme Court of Uzbekistan Constitutional Court of Uzbekistan nbsp Vanuatu Supreme Court of Vanuatu nbsp Vatican City Holy See Supreme Court of Vatican City 3 nbsp Venezuela Supreme Tribunal of Justice nbsp Vietnam Supreme People s Court of Vietnam a nbsp Yemen Supreme Court of Yemen a nbsp Zambia Constitutional Court of ZambiaSupreme Court of Zambia nbsp Zimbabwe Constitutional Court of ZimbabweSupreme Court of ZimbabweStates recognised by at least one United Nations member edit State Court s nbsp Palestine Supreme Constitutional Court Supreme Court of Palestine nbsp Abkhazia Supreme Court of Abkhazia nbsp Cook Islands Judicial Committee of the Privy Council see below nbsp Kosovo Supreme Court of Kosovo nbsp Niue Judicial Committee of the Privy Council see below nbsp Northern Cyprus Supreme Court of Northern Cyprus nbsp Taiwan Constitutional Court Supreme Court of the Republic of China nbsp South Ossetia Supreme Court of South Ossetia nbsp Western Sahara Constitutional Council Supreme Court of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic RepublicStates not recognised by any United Nations members edit State Court s nbsp Somaliland Supreme Court of Somaliland nbsp Transnistria Supreme Court of TransnistriaSui generis entities edit State Court s nbsp European Union European Court of Justice nbsp Sovereign Military Order of Malta Magistral Court of the Sovereign Military Order of MaltaInternational courts edit There are a number of international courts that are the highest courts of appeal for members of the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States OECS and some of the countries of the Commonwealth of Nations respectively However the members of those organisations do sometimes have high courts of their own and their jurisdiction may be limited Organisation Court s nbsp Benelux Union Benelux Court of Justice nbsp Caribbean Community Caribbean Court of JusticeCommonwealth of Nations Judicial Committee of the Privy Council nbsp Council of Europe European Court of Human Rights nbsp European Free Trade Association EFTA CourtOrganisation of Eastern Caribbean States Eastern Caribbean Supreme CourtSee also editList of national governments List of national leaders List of national legislatures Lists of supreme court justicesNotes edit a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q This court is not independent of either the legislature and or executive of that country Such recommendations are binding upon the President as per the Three Judges CasesReferences edit a b International Alliance of Constitutional Courts in English and Italian Retrieved Jun 16 2018 Guyana The World Factbook CIA Retrieved 2009 12 04 Memorandum of procedure of appointment of Supreme Court Judges Department of Justice India Retrieved 2023 04 17 Korea North The World Factbook Retrieved 11 February 2017 Konstytucja Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej www sejm gov pl Trinidad and Tobago The World Factbook CIA Retrieved 2009 12 06 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title List of supreme courts by country amp oldid 1207767534, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
