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Wikipedia

Final Fantasy

April 07, 2024

This article is about the entire franchise. For the first game in the series, see Final Fantasy (video game). For other uses, see Final Fantasy (disambiguation).

Final Fantasy[a] is a fantasy anthology media franchise created by Hironobu Sakaguchi which is owned, developed, and published by Square Enix (formerly Square). The franchise centers on a series of fantasy role-playing video games. The first game in the series was released in 1987, with 16 numbered main entries having been released to date.

Final Fantasy
Genre(s)Role-playing video game
Developer(s)Square, Square Enix
Publisher(s)Square, Square Enix
Creator(s)Hironobu Sakaguchi
Producer(s)Yoshinori Kitase
Tetsuya Nomura
Artist(s)Tetsuya Nomura
Composer(s)Nobuo Uematsu
Yoko Shimomura
Platform(s)
Various
First releaseFinal Fantasy
December 18, 1987
Latest releaseFinal Fantasy VII Rebirth
February 29, 2024
Spin-offs

The franchise has since branched into other video game genres such as tactical role-playing, action role-playing, massively multiplayer online role-playing, racing, third-person shooter, fighting, and rhythm, as well as branching into other media, including films, anime, manga, and novels.

Final Fantasy is mostly an anthology series with primary installments being stand-alone role-playing games, each with different settings, plots and main characters; however, the franchise is linked by several recurring elements, including game mechanics and recurring character names. Each plot centers on a particular group of heroes who are battling a great evil, but also explores the characters' internal struggles and relationships. Character names are frequently derived from the history, languages, pop culture, and mythologies of cultures worldwide. The mechanics of each game involve similar battle systems and maps.

Final Fantasy has been both critically and commercially successful. Several entries are regarded as some of the greatest video games, with the series selling more than 185 million copies worldwide, making it one of the best-selling video game franchises of all time. The series is well known for its innovation, visuals, such as the inclusion of full-motion videos, photorealistic character models, and music by Nobuo Uematsu. It has popularized many features now common in role-playing games, also popularizing the genre as a whole in markets outside Japan.

Media edit

Further information: List of Final Fantasy media

Games edit

Main article: List of Final Fantasy video games

The first installment of the series was released in Japan on December 18, 1987. Subsequent games are numbered and given a story unrelated to previous games, so the numbers refer to volumes rather than to sequels. Many Final Fantasy games have been localized for markets in North America, Europe, and Australia on numerous video game consoles, personal computers (PC), and mobile phones. As of June 2023, the series includes the main installments from Final Fantasy to Final Fantasy XVI, as well as direct sequels and spin-offs, both released and confirmed as being in development. Most of the older games have been remade or re-released on multiple platforms.[1]

Main series edit

Three Final Fantasy installments were released on the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES). Final Fantasy was released in Japan in 1987 and in North America in 1990.[2][3] It introduced many concepts to the console RPG genre, and has since been remade on several platforms.[3] Final Fantasy II, released in 1988 in Japan, has been bundled with Final Fantasy in several re-releases.[3][4][5] The last of the NES installments, Final Fantasy III, was released in Japan in 1990,[6] but was not released elsewhere until a Nintendo DS remake came out in 2006.[5]

The Super Nintendo Entertainment System (SNES) also featured three installments of the main series, all of which have been re-released on several platforms. Final Fantasy IV was released in 1991; in North America, it was released as Final Fantasy II.[7][8] It introduced the "Active Time Battle" system.[9] Final Fantasy V, released in 1992 in Japan, was the first game in the series to spawn a sequel: a short anime series, Final Fantasy: Legend of the Crystals.[3][10][11] Final Fantasy VI was released in Japan in 1994, titled Final Fantasy III in North America.[12]

The PlayStation console saw the release of three main Final Fantasy games. Final Fantasy VII (1997) moved away from the two-dimensional (2D) graphics used in the first six games to three-dimensional (3D) computer graphics; the game features polygonal characters on pre-rendered backgrounds. It also introduced a more modern setting, a style that was carried over to the next game.[3] It was also the second in the series to be released in Europe, with the first being Final Fantasy Mystic Quest. Final Fantasy VIII was published in 1999, and was the first to consistently use realistically proportioned characters and feature a vocal piece as its theme music.[3][13] Final Fantasy IX, released in 2000, returned to the series' roots, by revisiting a more traditional Final Fantasy setting, rather than the more modern worlds of VII and VIII.[3][14]

Three main installments, as well as one online game, were published for the PlayStation 2.[15][16][17] Final Fantasy X (2001) introduced full 3D areas and voice acting to the series, and was the first to spawn a sub-sequel (Final Fantasy X-2, published in 2003).[18][19] The first massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) in the series, Final Fantasy XI, was released on the PS2 and PC in 2002, and later on the Xbox 360.[20][21] It introduced real-time battles instead of random encounters.[21] Final Fantasy XII, published in 2006, also includes real-time battles in large, interconnected playfields.[22][23] The game is also the first in the main series to utilize a world used in a previous game, namely the land of Ivalice, which was previously featured in Final Fantasy Tactics and Vagrant Story.[24]

In 2009, Final Fantasy XIII was released in Japan, and in North America and Europe the following year, for PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360.[25][26] It is the flagship installment of the Fabula Nova Crystallis Final Fantasy series[27] and became the first mainline game to spawn two sub-sequels (XIII-2 and Lightning Returns).[28] It was also the first game released in Chinese and high definition along with being released on two consoles at once. Final Fantasy XIV, a MMORPG, was released worldwide on Microsoft Windows in 2010, but it received heavy criticism when it was launched, prompting Square Enix to rerelease the game as Final Fantasy XIV: A Realm Reborn, this time to the PlayStation 3 as well, in 2013.[29] Final Fantasy XV is an action role-playing game that was released for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One in 2016.[30][31] Originally a XIII spin-off titled Versus XIII, XV uses the mythos of the Fabula Nova Crystallis series, although in many other respects the game stands on its own and has since been distanced from the series by its developers.[38] The sixteenth mainline entry, Final Fantasy XVI,[39] was released in 2023 for PlayStation 5.[40]

Remakes, sequels and spin-offs edit

See also: List of Final Fantasy spin-offs, List of Square Enix mobile games, and Category: Final Fantasy spin-offs

Final Fantasy has spawned numerous spin-offs and metaseries. Several are, in fact, not Final Fantasy games, but were rebranded for North American release. Examples include the SaGa series, rebranded The Final Fantasy Legend, and its two sequels, Final Fantasy Legend II and III.[41] Final Fantasy Mystic Quest was specifically developed for a United States audience, and Final Fantasy Tactics is a tactical RPG that features many references and themes found in the series.[42][43] The spin-off Chocobo series, Crystal Chronicles series, and Kingdom Hearts series also include multiple Final Fantasy elements.[41][44] In 2003, the Final Fantasy series' first sub-sequel, Final Fantasy X-2, was released.[45] Final Fantasy XIII was originally intended to stand on its own, but the team wanted to explore the world, characters and mythos more, resulting in the development and release of two sequels in 2011 and 2013 respectively, creating the series' first official trilogy.[28] Dissidia Final Fantasy was released in 2009, a fighting game that features heroes and villains from the first ten games of the main series.[46] It was followed by a prequel in 2011,[47] a sequel in 2015[48] and a mobile spin-off in 2017.[49][50] Other spin-offs have taken the form of subseries—Compilation of Final Fantasy VII, Ivalice Alliance, and Fabula Nova Crystallis Final Fantasy. In 2022, Square Enix released an action-role playing title Stranger of Paradise: Final Fantasy Origin developed in collaboration with Team Ninja, which takes place in an alternate, reimagined reality based on the setting of the original Final Fantasy game, depicting a prequel story that explores the origins of the antagonist Chaos and the emergence of the four Warriors of Light.[51][52] Enhanced 3D remakes of Final Fantasy III and IV were released in 2006 and 2007 respectively.[53][54] The first installment of the Final Fantasy VII Remake project was released on the PlayStation 4 in 2020.[55] The second and latest installment, Final Fantasy VII Rebirth of the Final Fantasy VII Remake trilogy project was released on the PlayStation 5 in 2024.[56]

Other media edit

Film and television edit

Square Enix has expanded the Final Fantasy series into various media. Multiple anime and computer-generated imagery (CGI) films have been produced that are based either on individual Final Fantasy games or on the series as a whole. The first was an original video animation (OVA), Final Fantasy: Legend of the Crystals, a sequel to Final Fantasy V. The story was set in the same world as the game, although 200 years in the future. It was released as four 30-minute episodes, first in Japan in 1994 and later in the United States by Urban Vision in 1998. In 2001, Square Pictures released its first feature film, Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within. The film is set on a future Earth invaded by alien life forms.[57] The Spirits Within was the first animated feature to seriously attempt to portray photorealistic CGI humans, but was considered a box office bomb and garnered mixed reviews.[57][58][59]

A 25-episode anime television series, Final Fantasy: Unlimited, was released in 2001 based on the common elements of the Final Fantasy series. It was broadcast in Japan by TV Tokyo and released in North America by ADV Films.

In 2005, Final Fantasy VII: Advent Children, a feature length direct-to-DVD CGI film, and Last Order: Final Fantasy VII, a non-canon OVA,[60] were released as part of the Compilation of Final Fantasy VII. Advent Children was animated by Visual Works, which helped the company create CG sequences for the games.[61] The film, unlike The Spirits Within, became a commercial success.[62][63][64][65] Last Order, on the other hand, was released in Japan in a special DVD bundle package with Advent Children. Last Order sold out quickly[66] and was positively received by Western critics,[67][68] though fan reaction was mixed over changes to established story scenes.[69]

Two animated tie-ins for Final Fantasy XV were released as part of a larger multimedia project dubbed the Final Fantasy XV Universe. Brotherhood is a series of five 10-to-20-minute-long episodes developed by A-1 Pictures and Square Enix detailing the backstories of the main cast. Kingsglaive, a CGI film released prior to the game in Summer 2016, is set during the game's opening and follows new and secondary characters.[70][71][72][73] In 2019, Square Enix released a short anime, produced by Satelight Inc, called Final Fantasy XV: Episode Ardyn – Prologue on their YouTube channel which acts as the background story for the final piece of DLC for Final Fantasy XV giving insight into Ardyn's past.

Square Enix also released Final Fantasy XIV: Dad of Light in 2017, an 8-episode Japanese soap opera based, featuring a mix of live-action scenes and Final Fantasy XIV gameplay footage.

As of June 2019, Sony Pictures Television is working on a first ever live-action adaptation of the series with Hivemind and Square Enix. Jason F. Brown, Sean Daniel and Dinesh Shamdasani for Hivemind are the producers while Ben Lustig and Jake Thornton were attached as writers and executive producers for the series.[74]

Other media edit

Several video games have either been adapted into or have had spin-offs in the form of manga and novels. The first was the novelization of Final Fantasy II in 1989, and was followed by a manga adaptation of Final Fantasy III in 1992.[75][76] The past decade has seen an increase in the number of non-video game adaptations and spin-offs. Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within has been adapted into a novel, the spin-off game Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles has been adapted into a manga, and Final Fantasy XI had a novel and manga set in its continuity.[77][78][79][80] Seven novellas based on the Final Fantasy VII universe have also been released. The Final Fantasy: Unlimited story was partially continued in novels and a manga after the anime series ended.[81] The Final Fantasy X and XIII series have also had novellas and audio dramas released. Final Fantasy Tactics Advance has been adapted into a radio drama, and Final Fantasy: Unlimited has received a radio drama sequel.

A trading card game named Final Fantasy Trading Card Game is produced by Square Enix and Hobby Japan, first released Japan in 2012 with an English version in 2016.[82] The game has been compared to Magic: the Gathering, and a tournament circuit for the game also takes place.[83][84]

Common elements edit

Main article: Recurring elements in the Final Fantasy series

Although most Final Fantasy installments are independent, many gameplay elements recur throughout the series.[85][86] Most games contain elements of fantasy and science fiction and feature recycled names often inspired from various cultures' history, languages and mythology, including Asian, European, and Middle-Eastern.[87] Examples include weapon names like Excalibur and Masamune—derived from Arthurian legend and the Japanese swordsmith Masamune respectively—as well as the spell names Holy, Meteor, and Ultima.[86][87] Beginning with Final Fantasy IV, the main series adopted its current logo style that features the same typeface and an emblem designed by Japanese artist Yoshitaka Amano. The emblem relates to a game's plot and typically portrays a character or object in the story. Subsequent remakes of the first three games have replaced the previous logos with ones similar to the rest of the series.[86]

Plot and themes edit

 
Final Fantasy V is similar to the earlier games in the series, in that the heroes must attempt to retrieve crystals to save the world from an ancient evil.

The central conflict in many Final Fantasy games focuses on a group of characters battling an evil, and sometimes ancient, antagonist that dominates the game's world. Stories frequently involve a sovereign state in rebellion, with the protagonists taking part in the rebellion. The heroes are often destined to defeat the evil, and occasionally gather as a direct result of the antagonist's malicious actions.[3][87] Another staple of the series is the existence of two villains; the main villain is not always who it appears to be, as the primary antagonist may actually be subservient to another character or entity.[3] The main antagonist introduced at the beginning of the game is not always the final enemy, and the characters must continue their quest beyond what appears to be the final fight.[87]

Stories in the series frequently emphasize the internal struggles, passions, and tragedies of the characters, and the main plot often recedes into the background as the focus shifts to their personal lives.[23][88] Games also explore relationships between characters, ranging from love to rivalry.[3] Other recurring situations that drive the plot include amnesia, a hero corrupted by an evil force, mistaken identity, and self-sacrifice.[3][89][90] Magical orbs and crystals are recurring in-game items that are frequently connected to the themes of the games' plots.[87] Crystals often play a central role in the creation of the world, and a majority of the Final Fantasy games link crystals and orbs to the planet's life force. As such, control over these crystals drives the main conflict.[87][91] The classical elements are also a recurring theme in the series related to the heroes, villains, and items.[87] Other common plot and setting themes include the Gaia hypothesis, an apocalypse, and conflicts between advanced technology and nature.[87][89][92]

Characters edit

Further information: Character design of Final Fantasy and Template:Final Fantasy characters

The series features a number of recurring character archetypes. Most famously, every game since Final Fantasy II, including subsequent remakes of the original Final Fantasy, features a character named Cid. Cid's appearance, personality, goals, and role in the game (non-playable ally, party member, villain) vary dramatically. However, two characteristics many versions of Cid have in common are being a scientist or engineer, and being tied in some way to an airship the party eventually acquires. Every Cid has at least one of these two traits.

Biggs and Wedge, inspired by two Star Wars characters of the same name, appear in numerous games as minor characters, sometimes as comic relief.[23][86] The later games in the series feature several males with effeminate characteristics.[93][94] Recurring creatures include Chocobos, Moogles, and Cactuars.[95] Chocobos are large, often flightless birds that appear in several installments as a means of long-distance travel for characters. Moogles are white, stout creatures resembling teddy bears with wings and a single antenna. They serve different roles in games including mail delivery, weaponsmiths, party members, and saving the game. Cactuars are anthropomorphic cacti with haniwa-like faces presented in a running or dashing pose. They usually appear as recurring enemy units, and also as summoned allies or friendly non-player characters in certain titles. Chocobo and Moogle appearances are often accompanied by specific musical themes that have been arranged differently for separate games.[3][23][86]

Gameplay edit

Main article: Recurring elements in the Final Fantasy series § Gameplay

In Final Fantasy games, players command a party of characters as they progress through the game's story by exploring the game world and defeating enemies.[3][87] Enemies are typically encountered randomly through exploring, a trend which changed in Final Fantasy XI and XII. The player issues combat orders—like "Fight", "Magic", and "Item"—to individual characters via a menu-driven interface while engaging in battles. Throughout the series, the games have used different battle systems. Prior to Final Fantasy XI, battles were turn-based with the protagonists and antagonists on different sides of the battlefield. Final Fantasy IV introduced the "Active Time Battle" (ATB) system that augmented the turn-based nature with a perpetual time-keeping system. Designed by Hiroyuki Ito, it injected urgency and excitement into combat by requiring the player to act before an enemy attacks, and was used until Final Fantasy X, which implemented the "Conditional Turn-Based" (CTB) system.[3][23][96] This new system returned to the previous turn-based system, but added nuances to offer players more challenge.[19][97] Final Fantasy XI adopted a real-time battle system where characters continuously act depending on the issued command.[98] Final Fantasy XII continued this gameplay with the "Active Dimension Battle" system.[99] Final Fantasy XIII's combat system, designed by the same man who worked on X,[100] was meant to have an action-oriented feel, emulating the cinematic battles in Final Fantasy VII: Advent Children. Final Fantasy XV introduces a new "Open Combat" system. Unlike previous battle systems in the franchise, the "Open Combat" system (OCS) allows players to take on a fully active battle scenario, allowing for free range attacks and movement, giving a much more fluid feel of combat. This system also incorporates a "Tactical" Option during battle, which pauses active battle to allow use of items.[101]

Like most RPGs, the Final Fantasy installments use an experience level system for character advancement, in which experience points are accumulated by killing enemies.[102][103][104][105] Character classes, specific jobs that enable unique abilities for characters, are another recurring theme. Introduced in the first game, character classes have been used differently in each game. Some restrict a character to a single job to integrate it into the story, while other games feature dynamic job systems that allow the player to choose from multiple classes and switch throughout the game. Though used heavily in many games, such systems have become less prevalent in favor of characters that are more versatile; characters still match an archetype, but are able to learn skills outside their class.[23][86][87]

Magic is another common RPG element in the series. The method by which characters gain magic varies between installments, but is generally divided into classes organized by color: "White magic", which focuses on spells that assist teammates; "Black magic", which focuses on harming enemies; "Red magic", which is a combination of white and black magic, "Blue magic", which mimics enemy attacks; and "Green magic" which focuses on applying status effects to either allies or enemies.[3][86][96] Other types of magic frequently appear such as "Time magic", focusing on the themes of time, space, and gravity; and "Summoning magic", which evokes legendary creatures to aid in battle and is a feature that has persisted since Final Fantasy III. Summoned creatures are often referred to by names like "Espers" or "Eidolons" and have been inspired by mythologies from Arabic, Hindu, Norse, and Greek cultures.[86][87]

Different means of transportation have appeared through the series. The most common is the airship for long range travel, accompanied by chocobos for travelling short distances, but others include sea and land vessels. Following Final Fantasy VII, more modern and futuristic vehicle designs have been included.[87]

Development and history edit

Origin edit

See also: Development of Final Fantasy (video game) and Development of Final Fantasy II
 
Hironobu Sakaguchi, creator of the Final Fantasy series

In the mid-1980s, Square entered the Japanese video game industry with simple RPGs, racing games, and platformers for Nintendo's Famicom Disk System. In 1987, Square designer Hironobu Sakaguchi chose to create a new fantasy role-playing game for the cartridge-based NES, and drew inspiration from popular fantasy games: Enix's Dragon Quest, Nintendo's The Legend of Zelda, and Origin Systems's Ultima series. Though often attributed to the company allegedly facing bankruptcy, Sakaguchi explained that the game was his personal last-ditch effort in the game industry and that its title, Final Fantasy, stemmed from his feelings at the time; had the game not sold well, he would have quit the business and gone back to college.[106][107][108] Despite his explanation, publications have also attributed the name to the company's hopes that the project would solve its financial troubles.[107][109] In 2015, Sakaguchi explained the name's origin: the team wanted a title that would abbreviate to "FF", which would sound good in Japanese. The name was originally going to be Fighting Fantasy, but due to concerns over trademark conflicts with the roleplaying gamebook series of the same name, they needed to settle for something else. As the English word "Final" was well-known in Japan, Sakaguchi settled on that. According to Sakaguchi, any title that created the "FF" abbreviation would have done.[110]

The game indeed reversed Square's lagging fortunes, and it became the company's flagship franchise.[58][107] Following the success, Square immediately developed a second installment. Because Sakaguchi assumed Final Fantasy would be a stand-alone game, its story was not designed to be expanded by a sequel. The developers instead chose to carry over only thematic similarities from its predecessor, while some of the gameplay elements, such as the character advancement system, were overhauled. This approach has continued throughout the series; each major Final Fantasy game features a new setting, a new cast of characters, and an upgraded battle system.[5] Video game writer John Harris attributed the concept of reworking the game system of each installment to Nihon Falcom's Dragon Slayer series,[111] with which Square was previously involved as a publisher.[112] The company regularly released new games in the main series, but the time between the releases of XI (2002), XII (2006), and XIII (2009) were much longer than previous games. Following Final Fantasy XIV, Square Enix released Final Fantasy games either annually or biennially. This switch was to mimic the development cycles of Western games in the Call of Duty, Assassin's Creed and Battlefield series, as well as maintain fan-interest.[113]

Design edit

See also: Category: Final Fantasy designers

For the original Final Fantasy, Sakaguchi required a larger production team than Square's previous games. He began crafting the game's story while experimenting with gameplay ideas. Once the gameplay system and game world size were established, Sakaguchi integrated his story ideas into the available resources. A different approach has been taken for subsequent games; the story is completed first and the game built around it.[114] Designers have never been restricted by consistency, though most feel each game should have a minimum number of common elements. The development teams strive to create completely new worlds for each game, and avoid making new games too similar to previous ones. Game locations are conceptualized early in development and design details like building parts are fleshed out as a base for entire structures.[85]

The first five games were directed by Sakaguchi, who also provided the original concepts.[87][115] He drew inspiration for game elements from anime films by Hayao Miyazaki; series staples like the airships and chocobos are inspired by elements in Castle in the Sky and Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind, respectively.[116] Sakaguchi served as a producer for subsequent games until he left Square in 2001.[87][115] Yoshinori Kitase took over directing the games until Final Fantasy VIII,[117][118][119] and has been followed by a new director for each new game. Hiroyuki Ito designed several gameplay systems, including Final Fantasy V's "Job System", Final Fantasy VIII's "Junction System" and the Active Time Battle concept, which was used from Final Fantasy IV until IX.[87][117] In designing the Active Time Battle system, Ito drew inspiration from Formula One racing; he thought it would be interesting if character types had different speeds after watching race cars pass each other.[120] Ito also co-directed Final Fantasy VI with Kitase.[87][117] Kenji Terada was the scenario writer for the first three games; Kitase took over as scenario writer for Final Fantasy V through VII. Kazushige Nojima became the series' primary scenario writer from Final Fantasy VII until his resignation in October 2003; he has since formed his own company, Stellavista. Nojima partially or completely wrote the stories for Final Fantasy VII, VIII, X, and its sequel X-2. He also worked as the scenario writer for the spin-off series, Kingdom Hearts.[121] Daisuke Watanabe co-wrote the scenarios for Final Fantasy X and XII, and was the main writer for the XIII games.[122][123][124]

 
Final Fantasy VI artwork by Yoshitaka Amano, who provided designs for much of the series.

Artistic design, including character and monster creations, was handled by Japanese artist Yoshitaka Amano from Final Fantasy through Final Fantasy VI. Amano also handled title logo designs for all of the main series and the image illustrations from Final Fantasy VII onward.[115] Tetsuya Nomura was chosen to replace Amano because Nomura's designs were more adaptable to 3D graphics. He worked with the series from Final Fantasy VII through X, then came back for XIII, and for the basic design of XV.[87][115] For Final Fantasy IX character designs were handled by Shukō Murase, Toshiyuki Itahana, and Shin Nagasawa.[125] For Final Fantasy XV, Roberto Ferrari was responsible for the character design. Nomura is also the character designer of the Kingdom Hearts series, Compilation of Final Fantasy VII, and Fabula Nova Crystallis: Final Fantasy.[126] Other designers include Nobuyoshi Mihara and Akihiko Yoshida. Mihara was the character designer for Final Fantasy XI, and Yoshida served as character designer for Final Fantasy Tactics, the Square-produced Vagrant Story, and Final Fantasy XII.[43][127]

Graphics and technology edit

Because of graphical limitations, the first games on the NES feature small sprite representations of the leading party members on the main world screen. Battle screens use more detailed, full versions of characters in a side-view perspective. This practice was used until Final Fantasy VI, which uses detailed versions for both screens. The NES sprites are 26 pixels high and use a color palette of 4 colors. 6 frames of animation are used to depict different character statuses like "healthy" and "fatigued". The SNES installments use updated graphics and effects, as well as higher quality audio than in previous games, but are otherwise similar to their predecessors in basic design. The SNES sprites are 2 pixels shorter, but have larger palettes and feature more animation frames: 11 colors and 40 frames respectively. The upgrade allowed designers to have characters be more detailed in appearance and express more emotions. The first game includes non-player characters (NPCs) the player could interact with, but they are mostly static in-game objects. Beginning with the second game, Square used predetermined pathways for NPCs to create more dynamic scenes that include comedy and drama.[128]

In 1995, Square showed an interactive SGI technical demonstration of Final Fantasy VI for the then next generation of consoles. The demonstration used Silicon Graphics's prototype Nintendo 64 workstations to create 3D graphics.[128][129] Fans believed the demo was of a new Final Fantasy game for the Nintendo 64 console. 1997 saw the release of Final Fantasy VII for the Sony PlayStation.[129][130] The switch was due to a dispute with Nintendo over its use of faster but more expensive cartridges, as opposed to the slower and cheaper, but much higher capacity compact discs used on rival systems.[131][132] VII introduced 3D graphics with fully pre-rendered backgrounds.[131][133] It was because of this switch to 3D that a CD-ROM format was chosen over a cartridge format.[131][134] The switch also led to increased production costs and a greater subdivision of the creative staff for VII and subsequent 3D games in the series.[85]

 
Final Fantasy VIII, along with VII and IX, used pre-rendered backgrounds.

Starting with Final Fantasy VIII, the series adopted a more photo-realistic look.[135][136] Like VII, full motion video (FMV) sequences would have video playing in the background, with the polygonal characters composited on top. Final Fantasy IX returned to the more stylized design of earlier games in the series, although it still maintained, and in many cases slightly upgraded, most of the graphical techniques used in the previous two games.[136] Final Fantasy X was released on the PlayStation 2, and used the more powerful hardware to render graphics in real-time instead of using pre-rendered material to obtain a more dynamic look; the game features full 3D environments, rather than have 3D character models move about pre-rendered backgrounds. It is also the first Final Fantasy game to introduce voice acting, occurring throughout the majority of the game, even with many minor characters.[19] This aspect added a whole new dimension of depth to the character's reactions, emotions, and development.[19][137]

Taking a temporary divergence, Final Fantasy XI used the PlayStation 2's online capabilities as an MMORPG.[138] Initially released for the PlayStation 2 with a PC port arriving six months later, XI was also released on the Xbox 360 nearly four years after its original release in Japan.[139] This was the first Final Fantasy game to use a free rotating camera. Final Fantasy XII was released in 2006 for the PlayStation 2 and uses only half as many polygons as Final Fantasy X, in exchange for more advanced textures and lighting.[140][141] It also retains the freely rotating camera from XI. Final Fantasy XIII and XIV both make use of Crystal Tools, a middleware engine developed by Square Enix.[142][143]

Music edit

Main article: Music of the Final Fantasy series
 
Nobuo Uematsu, primary composer for the series

Final Fantasy games feature a variety of music, and frequently reuse themes. Most of the games open with a piece called "Prelude", which has evolved from a simple, 2-voice arpeggio in the early games to a complex, melodic arrangement in recent installments.[23][86][108] Victories in combat are often accompanied by a victory fanfare, a theme that has become one of the most recognized pieces of music in the series. The basic theme that accompanies Chocobo appearances has been rearranged in a different musical style for most installments. Recurring secret bosses such as Gilgamesh are also used as opportunities to revive their musical themes.

A theme known as the "Final Fantasy Main Theme" or "March", originally featured in the first game, often accompanies the ending credits.[86] Although leitmotifs are common in the more character-driven installments, theme music is typically reserved for main characters and recurring plot elements.[58]

Nobuo Uematsu was the primary composer of the Final Fantasy series until his resignation from Square Enix in November 2004.[58] Other notable composers who have worked on main entries in the series include Masashi Hamauzu, Hitoshi Sakimoto,[144][145] and Yoko Shimomura. Uematsu was allowed to create much of the music with little direction from the production staff. Sakaguchi, however, would request pieces to fit specific game scenes including battles and exploring different areas of the game world.[146] Once a game's major scenarios were completed, Uematsu would begin writing the music based on the story, characters, and accompanying artwork. He started with a game's main theme, and developed other pieces to match its style. In creating character themes, Uematsu read the game's scenario to determine the characters' personality. He would also ask the scenario writer for more details to scenes he was unsure about.[147] Technical limitations were prevalent in earlier games; Sakaguchi would sometimes instruct Uematsu to only use specific notes.[146] It was not until Final Fantasy IV on the SNES that Uematsu was able to add more subtlety to the music.[128]

Reception edit

Overall, the Final Fantasy series has been critically acclaimed and commercially successful, though each installment has seen different levels of success. The series has seen a steady increase in total sales; it sold over 10 million software units worldwide by early 1996,[148] more than 25 million units by 1999,[149] more than 33 million units and nearly $1 billion revenue (between $1.7–2.7 billion adjusted for inflation) by 2001,[150] 45 million units by August 2003, 63 million by December 2005, and 85 million by July 2008.[151][152][153] By June 2011, the series had sold over 100 million units,[154] and by March 2014, it had sold over 110 million units.[155] Its high sales numbers have ranked it as one of the best-selling video game franchises in the industry; in January 2007, the series was listed as number three, and later in July as number four.[58][156] As of 2019, the series had sold over 149 million units worldwide.[157] As of October 2021, the series had sold over 164 million units worldwide.[158] By March 2022, the series reached cumulative global physical and digital sales of 173 million units.[159]

Several games within the series have become best-selling games. At the end of 2007, the seventh, eighth, and ninth best-selling RPGs were Final Fantasy VII, VIII, and X respectively.[160] The original Final Fantasy VII has sold over 14.4 million copies worldwide,[161][162] earning it the position of the best-selling Final Fantasy game.[163] Within two days of Final Fantasy VIII's North American release on September 9, 1999, it became the top-selling video game in the United States, a position it held for more than three weeks.[164] Final Fantasy X sold over 1.4 million Japanese units in pre-orders alone, which set a record for the fastest-selling console RPG.[160][165] The MMORPG, Final Fantasy XI, reached over 200,000 active daily players in March 2006[166] and had reached over half a million subscribers by July 2007.[58] Final Fantasy XII sold more than 1.7 million copies in its first week in Japan.[167] By November 6, 2006—one week after its release—XII had shipped approximately 1.5 million copies in North America.[168] Final Fantasy XIII became the fastest-selling game in the franchise,[169] and sold one million units on its first day of sale in Japan.[170] Final Fantasy XIV: A Realm Reborn, in comparison to its predecessor, was a runaway success, originally suffering from servers being overcrowded,[171] and eventually gaining over one million unique subscribers within two months of its launch.[172]

The series has received critical acclaim for the quality of its visuals and soundtracks.[58] In 1996, Next Generation ranked the series collectively as the 17th best game of all time, speaking very highly of its graphics, music and stories.[173] In 1999, Next Generation listed the Final Fantasy series as number 16 on their "Top 50 Games of All Time", commenting that "by pairing state-of-the-art technology with memorable, sometimes shamelessly melodramatic storylines, the series has successfully outlasted its competitors [...] and improved with each new installation".[174] It was awarded a star on the Walk of Game in 2006, making it the first franchise to win a star on the event (other winners were individual games, not franchises). WalkOfGame.com commented that the series has sought perfection as well as having been a risk taker in innovation.[175] In 2006, GameFAQs held a contest for the best video game series ever, with Final Fantasy finishing as the runner-up to The Legend of Zelda.[176] In a 2008 public poll held by The Game Group plc, Final Fantasy was voted the best game series, with five games appearing in their "Greatest Games of All Time" list.[177]

Many Final Fantasy games have been included in various lists of top games. Several games have been listed on multiple IGN "Top Games" lists.[178][179][180][181][182][183] Twelve games were listed on Famitsu's 2006 "Top 100 Favorite Games of All Time", four of which were in the top ten, with Final Fantasy X and VII coming first and second, respectively.[184] The series holds seven Guinness World Records in the Guinness World Records Gamer's Edition 2008, which include the "Most Games in an RPG Series" (13 main games, seven enhanced games, and 32 spin-off games), the "Longest Development Period" (the production of Final Fantasy XII took five years), and the "Fastest-Selling Console RPG in a Single Day" (Final Fantasy X).[160][185] The 2009 edition listed two games from the series among the top 50 consoles games: Final Fantasy XII at number 8 and VII at number 20.[186] In 2018, Final Fantasy VII was inducted as a member of the World Video Game Hall of Fame.[187]

However, the series has garnered some criticism. IGN has commented that the menu system used by the games is a major detractor for many and is a "significant reason why they haven't touched the series".[23] The site has also heavily criticized the use of random encounters in the series' battle systems.[188][189] IGN further stated that the various attempts to bring the series into film and animation have either been unsuccessful, unremarkable, or did not live up to the standards of the games.[11] In 2007, Edge criticized the series for a number of related games that include the phrase "Final Fantasy" in their titles, which are considered inferior to previous games. It also commented that with the departure of Hironobu Sakaguchi, the series might be in danger of growing stale.[58]

Several individual Final Fantasy games have garnered extra attention; some for their positive reception and others for their negative reception. Final Fantasy VII topped GamePro's "26 Best RPGs of All Time" list,[190] as well as GameFAQs "Best Game Ever" audience polls in 2004 and 2005.[191][192] Despite the success of VII, it is sometimes criticized as being overrated. In 2003, GameSpy listed it as the seventh most overrated game of all time, while IGN presented views from both sides.[193][194] Dirge of Cerberus: Final Fantasy VII shipped 392,000 units in its first week of release, but received review scores that were much lower than that of other Final Fantasy games.[195][196][197] A delayed, negative review after the Japanese release of Dirge of Cerberus from Japanese gaming magazine Famitsu hinted at a controversy between the magazine and Square Enix.[198] Though Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within was praised for its visuals, the plot was criticized and the film was considered a box office bomb.[57][58][59][199] Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles for the GameCube received overall positive review scores, but reviews stated that the use of Game Boy Advances as controllers was a big detractor.[130][200] The predominantly negative reception of the original version of Final Fantasy XIV caused then-president Yoichi Wada to issue an official apology during a Tokyo press conference, stating that the brand had been "greatly damaged" by the game's reception.[201]

Rankings and aggregators edit

Various video game publications have created rankings of the mainline Final Fantasy games. In the table below, the lower the number given, the better the game is in the view of the respective publication. By way of comparison, the ratings provided by Famitsu magazine and the review aggregator Metacritic are also given; in these rows, higher numbers indicate better reviews. Note that Metacritic ratings up until Final Fantasy VII largely represent retrospective reviews from online websites years after their initial release, rather than contemporary reviews from video game magazines at the time of their initial release.

Publication I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII XIII XIV XV
Retro Gamer (2004)[202] 2 1
GamePro (2008)[190] 1 2
Stuff (2008)[203] 2 1
Empire (2009)[204] 1 2
Jeuxvideo (2011)[205] 3 2 1
Kotaku (2013)[206] 10 11 8 3 5 1 4 6 2 7 9 12
Popular Mechanics (2014)[207] 2 1 3
Slant Magazine (2014)[208] 3 1 4 2
Den of Geek (2016)[209] 14 17 6 5 9 1 3 10 4 2 8 7 15 11
VentureBeat (2016)[210] 12 14 13 10 3 2 5 9 1 7 15 4 11 8 6
Famitsu (2017)[211] 9 8 7 1 11 5 3 2 6 4
GamesRadar+ (2022)[212] 17 7 13 2 1 10 8 14 18 3 21 4 15
Game Informer (2018)[213] 4 3 1 2 5
IGN (2018)[214] 7 12 8 4 5 1 6 11 3 9 2 10
Polygon (2018)[215] 14 15 12 4 3 1 8 5 6 10 11 2 13 7 9
Rock, Paper, Shotgun (2018)[216] 7 8 3 1 4 2 6 5
VG247 (2018)[217] 9 4 3 2 5 1 8 6 10 7
Digital Spy (2019)[218] 12 13 10 6 7 4 3 11 2 1 5 8 9
Digital Trends (2019)[219] 13 15 11 6 9 1 7 2 5 3 10 4 12 8 14
NHK (2020)[220][221] 24 18 12 8 6 3 2 7 4 1 9 15 14 5 10
TV Asahi (2021)[222] 8 7 4 3 1 10 5 2 9 6
Famitsu rating (out of 40)[223] 34[224] 35 36 36 34[225] 37 38 37 38 39 38 40 39 39[226] 38[227]
Metacritic rating (out of 100)[228] 79 79 77 85 83 92 92 90 94 92 85 92 83 83[229] 85[230]

Legacy edit

Final Fantasy has been very influential in the history of video games and game mechanics. Final Fantasy IV is considered a milestone for the genre, introducing a dramatic storyline with a strong emphasis on character development and personal relationships.[231] In 1992, Nintendo's Shigeru Miyamoto noted the impact of Final Fantasy on Japanese role-playing games, stating Final Fantasy's "interactive cinematic approach" with an emphasis on "presentation and graphics" was gradually becoming "the most common style" of Japanese RPG at the time.[232] Final Fantasy VII, having been the first title of the series to be officially released in the PAL territories of Europe and Oceania, is credited as having the largest industry impact of the series,[131] and with allowing console role-playing games to gain global mass-market appeal.[233] VII is considered to be one of the most important and influential video games of all time.[234][235][236][237]

The series affected Square's business on several levels. The commercial failure of Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within resulted in hesitation and delays from Enix during merger discussions with Square.[59][108] Square's decision to produce games exclusively for the Sony PlayStation—a move followed by Enix's decision with the Dragon Quest series—severed their relationship with Nintendo.[3][130] Final Fantasy games were absent from Nintendo consoles, specifically the Nintendo 64, for seven years.[114][131] Critics attribute the switch of strong third-party games like the Final Fantasy and Dragon Quest games to Sony's PlayStation, and away from the Nintendo 64, as one of the reasons behind PlayStation being the more successful of the two consoles.[3][130][134] The release of the Nintendo GameCube, which used optical disc media, in 2001 caught the attention of Square. To produce games for the system, Square created the shell company The Game Designers Studio and released Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles, which spawned its own metaseries within the main franchise.[41] Final Fantasy XI's lack of an online method of subscription cancellation prompted the creation of legislation in Illinois that requires internet gaming services to provide such a method to the state's residents.[238]

The series' popularity has resulted in its appearance and reference in numerous facets of popular culture like anime, TV series, and webcomics.[239][240][241] Music from the series has permeated into different areas of culture. Final Fantasy IV's "Theme of Love" was integrated into the curriculum of Japanese school children and has been performed live by orchestras and metal bands.[242] In 2003, Uematsu co-founded The Black Mages, an instrumental rock group independent of Square that has released albums of arranged Final Fantasy tunes.[243][244] Bronze medalists Alison Bartosik and Anna Kozlova performed their synchronized swimming routine at the 2004 Summer Olympics to music from Final Fantasy VIII.[160] Many of the soundtracks have also been released for sale. Numerous companion books, which normally provide in-depth game information, have been published. In Japan, they are published by Square and are called Ultimania books.[245][246]

The series has inspired numerous game developers. Fable creator Peter Molyneux considers Final Fantasy VII to be the RPG that "defined the genre" for him.[247] BioWare founder Greg Zeschuk cited Final Fantasy VII as "the first really emotionally engaging game" he played and said it had "a big impact" on BioWare's work.[248] The Witcher 3 senior environmental artist Jonas Mattsson cited Final Fantasy as "a huge influence" and said it was "the first RPG" he played through.[249] Mass Effect art director Derek Watts cited Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within as a major influence on the visual design and art direction of the series.[250] BioWare senior product manager David Silverman cited Final Fantasy XII's gambit system as an influence on the gameplay of Dragon Age: Origins.[251] Ubisoft Toronto creative director Maxime Beland cited the original Final Fantasy as a major influence on him.[252] Media Molecule's Constantin Jupp credited Final Fantasy VII with getting him into game design.[253] Tim Schafer also cited Final Fantasy VII as one of his favourite games of all time.[254]

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ Japanese: ファイナルファンタジー, Hepburn: Fainaru Fantajī

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External links edit

 
Wikiquote has quotations related to Final Fantasy.
 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Final Fantasy.
  • Official website
  • Final Fantasy games at Curlie
  • IGN Presents the History of Final Fantasy

April 07, 2024
final, fantasy, this, article, about, entire, franchise, first, game, series, video, game, other, uses, disambiguation, fantasy, anthology, media, franchise, created, hironobu, sakaguchi, which, owned, developed, published, square, enix, formerly, square, fran. This article is about the entire franchise For the first game in the series see Final Fantasy video game For other uses see Final Fantasy disambiguation Final Fantasy a is a fantasy anthology media franchise created by Hironobu Sakaguchi which is owned developed and published by Square Enix formerly Square The franchise centers on a series of fantasy role playing video games The first game in the series was released in 1987 with 16 numbered main entries having been released to date Final FantasyGenre s Role playing video gameDeveloper s Square Square EnixPublisher s Square Square EnixCreator s Hironobu SakaguchiProducer s Yoshinori KitaseTetsuya NomuraArtist s Tetsuya NomuraComposer s Nobuo UematsuYoko ShimomuraPlatform s Various ArcadeAndroidBlackBerry OSGame BoyGame Boy AdvanceGameCubeiOSJava MEMSXNintendo Entertainment SystemNintendo DSNintendo 3DSNintendo SwitchOuyaPlayStationPlayStation 2PlayStation 3PlayStation 4PlayStation 5PlayStation PortablePlayStation VitaStadiaSuper NESWiiWindowsWindows PhoneWonderSwanXbox 360Xbox OneXbox Series X SFirst releaseFinal FantasyDecember 18 1987Latest releaseFinal Fantasy VII RebirthFebruary 29 2024Spin offsKingdom HeartsManaSaGaThe franchise has since branched into other video game genres such as tactical role playing action role playing massively multiplayer online role playing racing third person shooter fighting and rhythm as well as branching into other media including films anime manga and novels Final Fantasy is mostly an anthology series with primary installments being stand alone role playing games each with different settings plots and main characters however the franchise is linked by several recurring elements including game mechanics and recurring character names Each plot centers on a particular group of heroes who are battling a great evil but also explores the characters internal struggles and relationships Character names are frequently derived from the history languages pop culture and mythologies of cultures worldwide The mechanics of each game involve similar battle systems and maps Final Fantasy has been both critically and commercially successful Several entries are regarded as some of the greatest video games with the series selling more than 185 million copies worldwide making it one of the best selling video game franchises of all time The series is well known for its innovation visuals such as the inclusion of full motion videos photorealistic character models and music by Nobuo Uematsu It has popularized many features now common in role playing games also popularizing the genre as a whole in markets outside Japan Contents 1 Media 1 1 Games 1 1 1 Main series 1 1 2 Remakes sequels and spin offs 1 2 Other media 1 2 1 Film and television 1 2 2 Other media 2 Common elements 2 1 Plot and themes 2 2 Characters 2 3 Gameplay 3 Development and history 3 1 Origin 3 2 Design 3 3 Graphics and technology 3 4 Music 4 Reception 4 1 Rankings and aggregators 5 Legacy 6 See also 7 Notes 8 References 9 External linksMedia editFurther information List of Final Fantasy media Games edit Main article List of Final Fantasy video games The first installment of the series was released in Japan on December 18 1987 Subsequent games are numbered and given a story unrelated to previous games so the numbers refer to volumes rather than to sequels Many Final Fantasy games have been localized for markets in North America Europe and Australia on numerous video game consoles personal computers PC and mobile phones As of June 2023 the series includes the main installments from Final Fantasy to Final Fantasy XVI as well as direct sequels and spin offs both released and confirmed as being in development Most of the older games have been remade or re released on multiple platforms 1 Main series edit Release timeline1987Final Fantasy1988Final Fantasy II19891990Final Fantasy III1991Final Fantasy IV1992Final Fantasy V19931994Final Fantasy VI199519961997Final Fantasy VII19981999Final Fantasy VIII2000Final Fantasy IX2001Final Fantasy X2002Final Fantasy XI2003200420052006Final Fantasy XII200720082009Final Fantasy XIII2010Final Fantasy XIV original 201120122013Final Fantasy XIV201420152016Final Fantasy XV2017201820192020202120222023Final Fantasy XVIThree Final Fantasy installments were released on the Nintendo Entertainment System NES Final Fantasy was released in Japan in 1987 and in North America in 1990 2 3 It introduced many concepts to the console RPG genre and has since been remade on several platforms 3 Final Fantasy II released in 1988 in Japan has been bundled with Final Fantasy in several re releases 3 4 5 The last of the NES installments Final Fantasy III was released in Japan in 1990 6 but was not released elsewhere until a Nintendo DS remake came out in 2006 5 The Super Nintendo Entertainment System SNES also featured three installments of the main series all of which have been re released on several platforms Final Fantasy IV was released in 1991 in North America it was released as Final Fantasy II 7 8 It introduced the Active Time Battle system 9 Final Fantasy V released in 1992 in Japan was the first game in the series to spawn a sequel a short anime series Final Fantasy Legend of the Crystals 3 10 11 Final Fantasy VI was released in Japan in 1994 titled Final Fantasy III in North America 12 The PlayStation console saw the release of three main Final Fantasy games Final Fantasy VII 1997 moved away from the two dimensional 2D graphics used in the first six games to three dimensional 3D computer graphics the game features polygonal characters on pre rendered backgrounds It also introduced a more modern setting a style that was carried over to the next game 3 It was also the second in the series to be released in Europe with the first being Final Fantasy Mystic Quest Final Fantasy VIII was published in 1999 and was the first to consistently use realistically proportioned characters and feature a vocal piece as its theme music 3 13 Final Fantasy IX released in 2000 returned to the series roots by revisiting a more traditional Final Fantasy setting rather than the more modern worlds of VII and VIII 3 14 Three main installments as well as one online game were published for the PlayStation 2 15 16 17 Final Fantasy X 2001 introduced full 3D areas and voice acting to the series and was the first to spawn a sub sequel Final Fantasy X 2 published in 2003 18 19 The first massively multiplayer online role playing game MMORPG in the series Final Fantasy XI was released on the PS2 and PC in 2002 and later on the Xbox 360 20 21 It introduced real time battles instead of random encounters 21 Final Fantasy XII published in 2006 also includes real time battles in large interconnected playfields 22 23 The game is also the first in the main series to utilize a world used in a previous game namely the land of Ivalice which was previously featured in Final Fantasy Tactics and Vagrant Story 24 In 2009 Final Fantasy XIII was released in Japan and in North America and Europe the following year for PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 25 26 It is the flagship installment of the Fabula Nova Crystallis Final Fantasy series 27 and became the first mainline game to spawn two sub sequels XIII 2 and Lightning Returns 28 It was also the first game released in Chinese and high definition along with being released on two consoles at once Final Fantasy XIV a MMORPG was released worldwide on Microsoft Windows in 2010 but it received heavy criticism when it was launched prompting Square Enix to rerelease the game as Final Fantasy XIV A Realm Reborn this time to the PlayStation 3 as well in 2013 29 Final Fantasy XV is an action role playing game that was released for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One in 2016 30 31 Originally a XIII spin off titled Versus XIII XV uses the mythos of the Fabula Nova Crystallis series although in many other respects the game stands on its own and has since been distanced from the series by its developers 38 The sixteenth mainline entry Final Fantasy XVI 39 was released in 2023 for PlayStation 5 40 Remakes sequels and spin offs edit See also List of Final Fantasy spin offs List of Square Enix mobile games and Category Final Fantasy spin offs Final Fantasy has spawned numerous spin offs and metaseries Several are in fact not Final Fantasy games but were rebranded for North American release Examples include the SaGa series rebranded The Final Fantasy Legend and its two sequels Final Fantasy Legend II and III 41 Final Fantasy Mystic Quest was specifically developed for a United States audience and Final Fantasy Tactics is a tactical RPG that features many references and themes found in the series 42 43 The spin off Chocobo series Crystal Chronicles series and Kingdom Hearts series also include multiple Final Fantasy elements 41 44 In 2003 the Final Fantasy series first sub sequel Final Fantasy X 2 was released 45 Final Fantasy XIII was originally intended to stand on its own but the team wanted to explore the world characters and mythos more resulting in the development and release of two sequels in 2011 and 2013 respectively creating the series first official trilogy 28 Dissidia Final Fantasy was released in 2009 a fighting game that features heroes and villains from the first ten games of the main series 46 It was followed by a prequel in 2011 47 a sequel in 2015 48 and a mobile spin off in 2017 49 50 Other spin offs have taken the form of subseries Compilation of Final Fantasy VII Ivalice Alliance and Fabula Nova Crystallis Final Fantasy In 2022 Square Enix released an action role playing title Stranger of Paradise Final Fantasy Origin developed in collaboration with Team Ninja which takes place in an alternate reimagined reality based on the setting of the original Final Fantasy game depicting a prequel story that explores the origins of the antagonist Chaos and the emergence of the four Warriors of Light 51 52 Enhanced 3D remakes of Final Fantasy III and IV were released in 2006 and 2007 respectively 53 54 The first installment of the Final Fantasy VII Remake project was released on the PlayStation 4 in 2020 55 The second and latest installment Final Fantasy VII Rebirth of the Final Fantasy VII Remake trilogy project was released on the PlayStation 5 in 2024 56 Other media edit Film and television edit Final Fantasy in film and television1994Final Fantasy Legend of the Crystals1995 20002001Final Fantasy The Spirits WithinFinal Fantasy Unlimited2002 20042005Final Fantasy VII Advent ChildrenLast Order Final Fantasy VII2006 20152016Kingsglaive Final Fantasy XVBrotherhood Final Fantasy XV2017Final Fantasy XIV Dad of Light20182019Final Fantasy XV Episode Ardyn PrologueSquare Enix has expanded the Final Fantasy series into various media Multiple anime and computer generated imagery CGI films have been produced that are based either on individual Final Fantasy games or on the series as a whole The first was an original video animation OVA Final Fantasy Legend of the Crystals a sequel to Final Fantasy V The story was set in the same world as the game although 200 years in the future It was released as four 30 minute episodes first in Japan in 1994 and later in the United States by Urban Vision in 1998 In 2001 Square Pictures released its first feature film Final Fantasy The Spirits Within The film is set on a future Earth invaded by alien life forms 57 The Spirits Within was the first animated feature to seriously attempt to portray photorealistic CGI humans but was considered a box office bomb and garnered mixed reviews 57 58 59 A 25 episode anime television series Final Fantasy Unlimited was released in 2001 based on the common elements of the Final Fantasy series It was broadcast in Japan by TV Tokyo and released in North America by ADV Films In 2005 Final Fantasy VII Advent Children a feature length direct to DVD CGI film and Last Order Final Fantasy VII a non canon OVA 60 were released as part of the Compilation of Final Fantasy VII Advent Children was animated by Visual Works which helped the company create CG sequences for the games 61 The film unlike The Spirits Within became a commercial success 62 63 64 65 Last Order on the other hand was released in Japan in a special DVD bundle package with Advent Children Last Order sold out quickly 66 and was positively received by Western critics 67 68 though fan reaction was mixed over changes to established story scenes 69 Two animated tie ins for Final Fantasy XV were released as part of a larger multimedia project dubbed the Final Fantasy XV Universe Brotherhood is a series of five 10 to 20 minute long episodes developed by A 1 Pictures and Square Enix detailing the backstories of the main cast Kingsglaive a CGI film released prior to the game in Summer 2016 is set during the game s opening and follows new and secondary characters 70 71 72 73 In 2019 Square Enix released a short anime produced by Satelight Inc called Final Fantasy XV Episode Ardyn Prologue on their YouTube channel which acts as the background story for the final piece of DLC for Final Fantasy XV giving insight into Ardyn s past Square Enix also released Final Fantasy XIV Dad of Light in 2017 an 8 episode Japanese soap opera based featuring a mix of live action scenes and Final Fantasy XIV gameplay footage As of June 2019 Sony Pictures Television is working on a first ever live action adaptation of the series with Hivemind and Square Enix Jason F Brown Sean Daniel and Dinesh Shamdasani for Hivemind are the producers while Ben Lustig and Jake Thornton were attached as writers and executive producers for the series 74 Other media edit Several video games have either been adapted into or have had spin offs in the form of manga and novels The first was the novelization of Final Fantasy II in 1989 and was followed by a manga adaptation of Final Fantasy III in 1992 75 76 The past decade has seen an increase in the number of non video game adaptations and spin offs Final Fantasy The Spirits Within has been adapted into a novel the spin off game Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles has been adapted into a manga and Final Fantasy XI had a novel and manga set in its continuity 77 78 79 80 Seven novellas based on the Final Fantasy VII universe have also been released The Final Fantasy Unlimited story was partially continued in novels and a manga after the anime series ended 81 The Final Fantasy X and XIII series have also had novellas and audio dramas released Final Fantasy Tactics Advance has been adapted into a radio drama and Final Fantasy Unlimited has received a radio drama sequel A trading card game named Final Fantasy Trading Card Game is produced by Square Enix and Hobby Japan first released Japan in 2012 with an English version in 2016 82 The game has been compared to Magic the Gathering and a tournament circuit for the game also takes place 83 84 Common elements editMain article Recurring elements in the Final Fantasy series Although most Final Fantasy installments are independent many gameplay elements recur throughout the series 85 86 Most games contain elements of fantasy and science fiction and feature recycled names often inspired from various cultures history languages and mythology including Asian European and Middle Eastern 87 Examples include weapon names like Excalibur and Masamune derived from Arthurian legend and the Japanese swordsmith Masamune respectively as well as the spell names Holy Meteor and Ultima 86 87 Beginning with Final Fantasy IV the main series adopted its current logo style that features the same typeface and an emblem designed by Japanese artist Yoshitaka Amano The emblem relates to a game s plot and typically portrays a character or object in the story Subsequent remakes of the first three games have replaced the previous logos with ones similar to the rest of the series 86 Plot and themes edit nbsp Final Fantasy V is similar to the earlier games in the series in that the heroes must attempt to retrieve crystals to save the world from an ancient evil The central conflict in many Final Fantasy games focuses on a group of characters battling an evil and sometimes ancient antagonist that dominates the game s world Stories frequently involve a sovereign state in rebellion with the protagonists taking part in the rebellion The heroes are often destined to defeat the evil and occasionally gather as a direct result of the antagonist s malicious actions 3 87 Another staple of the series is the existence of two villains the main villain is not always who it appears to be as the primary antagonist may actually be subservient to another character or entity 3 The main antagonist introduced at the beginning of the game is not always the final enemy and the characters must continue their quest beyond what appears to be the final fight 87 Stories in the series frequently emphasize the internal struggles passions and tragedies of the characters and the main plot often recedes into the background as the focus shifts to their personal lives 23 88 Games also explore relationships between characters ranging from love to rivalry 3 Other recurring situations that drive the plot include amnesia a hero corrupted by an evil force mistaken identity and self sacrifice 3 89 90 Magical orbs and crystals are recurring in game items that are frequently connected to the themes of the games plots 87 Crystals often play a central role in the creation of the world and a majority of the Final Fantasy games link crystals and orbs to the planet s life force As such control over these crystals drives the main conflict 87 91 The classical elements are also a recurring theme in the series related to the heroes villains and items 87 Other common plot and setting themes include the Gaia hypothesis an apocalypse and conflicts between advanced technology and nature 87 89 92 Characters edit Further information Character design of Final Fantasy and Template Final Fantasy characters The series features a number of recurring character archetypes Most famously every game since Final Fantasy II including subsequent remakes of the original Final Fantasy features a character named Cid Cid s appearance personality goals and role in the game non playable ally party member villain vary dramatically However two characteristics many versions of Cid have in common are being a scientist or engineer and being tied in some way to an airship the party eventually acquires Every Cid has at least one of these two traits Biggs and Wedge inspired by two Star Wars characters of the same name appear in numerous games as minor characters sometimes as comic relief 23 86 The later games in the series feature several males with effeminate characteristics 93 94 Recurring creatures include Chocobos Moogles and Cactuars 95 Chocobos are large often flightless birds that appear in several installments as a means of long distance travel for characters Moogles are white stout creatures resembling teddy bears with wings and a single antenna They serve different roles in games including mail delivery weaponsmiths party members and saving the game Cactuars are anthropomorphic cacti with haniwa like faces presented in a running or dashing pose They usually appear as recurring enemy units and also as summoned allies or friendly non player characters in certain titles Chocobo and Moogle appearances are often accompanied by specific musical themes that have been arranged differently for separate games 3 23 86 Gameplay edit Main article Recurring elements in the Final Fantasy series Gameplay In Final Fantasy games players command a party of characters as they progress through the game s story by exploring the game world and defeating enemies 3 87 Enemies are typically encountered randomly through exploring a trend which changed in Final Fantasy XI and XII The player issues combat orders like Fight Magic and Item to individual characters via a menu driven interface while engaging in battles Throughout the series the games have used different battle systems Prior to Final Fantasy XI battles were turn based with the protagonists and antagonists on different sides of the battlefield Final Fantasy IV introduced the Active Time Battle ATB system that augmented the turn based nature with a perpetual time keeping system Designed by Hiroyuki Ito it injected urgency and excitement into combat by requiring the player to act before an enemy attacks and was used until Final Fantasy X which implemented the Conditional Turn Based CTB system 3 23 96 This new system returned to the previous turn based system but added nuances to offer players more challenge 19 97 Final Fantasy XI adopted a real time battle system where characters continuously act depending on the issued command 98 Final Fantasy XII continued this gameplay with the Active Dimension Battle system 99 Final Fantasy XIII s combat system designed by the same man who worked on X 100 was meant to have an action oriented feel emulating the cinematic battles in Final Fantasy VII Advent Children Final Fantasy XV introduces a new Open Combat system Unlike previous battle systems in the franchise the Open Combat system OCS allows players to take on a fully active battle scenario allowing for free range attacks and movement giving a much more fluid feel of combat This system also incorporates a Tactical Option during battle which pauses active battle to allow use of items 101 Like most RPGs the Final Fantasy installments use an experience level system for character advancement in which experience points are accumulated by killing enemies 102 103 104 105 Character classes specific jobs that enable unique abilities for characters are another recurring theme Introduced in the first game character classes have been used differently in each game Some restrict a character to a single job to integrate it into the story while other games feature dynamic job systems that allow the player to choose from multiple classes and switch throughout the game Though used heavily in many games such systems have become less prevalent in favor of characters that are more versatile characters still match an archetype but are able to learn skills outside their class 23 86 87 Magic is another common RPG element in the series The method by which characters gain magic varies between installments but is generally divided into classes organized by color White magic which focuses on spells that assist teammates Black magic which focuses on harming enemies Red magic which is a combination of white and black magic Blue magic which mimics enemy attacks and Green magic which focuses on applying status effects to either allies or enemies 3 86 96 Other types of magic frequently appear such as Time magic focusing on the themes of time space and gravity and Summoning magic which evokes legendary creatures to aid in battle and is a feature that has persisted since Final Fantasy III Summoned creatures are often referred to by names like Espers or Eidolons and have been inspired by mythologies from Arabic Hindu Norse and Greek cultures 86 87 Different means of transportation have appeared through the series The most common is the airship for long range travel accompanied by chocobos for travelling short distances but others include sea and land vessels Following Final Fantasy VII more modern and futuristic vehicle designs have been included 87 Development and history editOrigin edit See also Development of Final Fantasy video game and Development of Final Fantasy II nbsp Hironobu Sakaguchi creator of the Final Fantasy seriesIn the mid 1980s Square entered the Japanese video game industry with simple RPGs racing games and platformers for Nintendo s Famicom Disk System In 1987 Square designer Hironobu Sakaguchi chose to create a new fantasy role playing game for the cartridge based NES and drew inspiration from popular fantasy games Enix s Dragon Quest Nintendo s The Legend of Zelda and Origin Systems s Ultima series Though often attributed to the company allegedly facing bankruptcy Sakaguchi explained that the game was his personal last ditch effort in the game industry and that its title Final Fantasy stemmed from his feelings at the time had the game not sold well he would have quit the business and gone back to college 106 107 108 Despite his explanation publications have also attributed the name to the company s hopes that the project would solve its financial troubles 107 109 In 2015 Sakaguchi explained the name s origin the team wanted a title that would abbreviate to FF which would sound good in Japanese The name was originally going to be Fighting Fantasy but due to concerns over trademark conflicts with the roleplaying gamebook series of the same name they needed to settle for something else As the English word Final was well known in Japan Sakaguchi settled on that According to Sakaguchi any title that created the FF abbreviation would have done 110 The game indeed reversed Square s lagging fortunes and it became the company s flagship franchise 58 107 Following the success Square immediately developed a second installment Because Sakaguchi assumed Final Fantasy would be a stand alone game its story was not designed to be expanded by a sequel The developers instead chose to carry over only thematic similarities from its predecessor while some of the gameplay elements such as the character advancement system were overhauled This approach has continued throughout the series each major Final Fantasy game features a new setting a new cast of characters and an upgraded battle system 5 Video game writer John Harris attributed the concept of reworking the game system of each installment to Nihon Falcom s Dragon Slayer series 111 with which Square was previously involved as a publisher 112 The company regularly released new games in the main series but the time between the releases of XI 2002 XII 2006 and XIII 2009 were much longer than previous games Following Final Fantasy XIV Square Enix released Final Fantasy games either annually or biennially This switch was to mimic the development cycles of Western games in the Call of Duty Assassin s Creed and Battlefield series as well as maintain fan interest 113 Design edit See also Category Final Fantasy designers For the original Final Fantasy Sakaguchi required a larger production team than Square s previous games He began crafting the game s story while experimenting with gameplay ideas Once the gameplay system and game world size were established Sakaguchi integrated his story ideas into the available resources A different approach has been taken for subsequent games the story is completed first and the game built around it 114 Designers have never been restricted by consistency though most feel each game should have a minimum number of common elements The development teams strive to create completely new worlds for each game and avoid making new games too similar to previous ones Game locations are conceptualized early in development and design details like building parts are fleshed out as a base for entire structures 85 The first five games were directed by Sakaguchi who also provided the original concepts 87 115 He drew inspiration for game elements from anime films by Hayao Miyazaki series staples like the airships and chocobos are inspired by elements in Castle in the Sky and Nausicaa of the Valley of the Wind respectively 116 Sakaguchi served as a producer for subsequent games until he left Square in 2001 87 115 Yoshinori Kitase took over directing the games until Final Fantasy VIII 117 118 119 and has been followed by a new director for each new game Hiroyuki Ito designed several gameplay systems including Final Fantasy V s Job System Final Fantasy VIII s Junction System and the Active Time Battle concept which was used from Final Fantasy IV until IX 87 117 In designing the Active Time Battle system Ito drew inspiration from Formula One racing he thought it would be interesting if character types had different speeds after watching race cars pass each other 120 Ito also co directed Final Fantasy VI with Kitase 87 117 Kenji Terada was the scenario writer for the first three games Kitase took over as scenario writer for Final Fantasy V through VII Kazushige Nojima became the series primary scenario writer from Final Fantasy VII until his resignation in October 2003 he has since formed his own company Stellavista Nojima partially or completely wrote the stories for Final Fantasy VII VIII X and its sequel X 2 He also worked as the scenario writer for the spin off series Kingdom Hearts 121 Daisuke Watanabe co wrote the scenarios for Final Fantasy X and XII and was the main writer for the XIII games 122 123 124 nbsp Final Fantasy VI artwork by Yoshitaka Amano who provided designs for much of the series Artistic design including character and monster creations was handled by Japanese artist Yoshitaka Amano from Final Fantasy through Final Fantasy VI Amano also handled title logo designs for all of the main series and the image illustrations from Final Fantasy VII onward 115 Tetsuya Nomura was chosen to replace Amano because Nomura s designs were more adaptable to 3D graphics He worked with the series from Final Fantasy VII through X then came back for XIII and for the basic design of XV 87 115 For Final Fantasy IX character designs were handled by Shukō Murase Toshiyuki Itahana and Shin Nagasawa 125 For Final Fantasy XV Roberto Ferrari was responsible for the character design Nomura is also the character designer of the Kingdom Hearts series Compilation of Final Fantasy VII and Fabula Nova Crystallis Final Fantasy 126 Other designers include Nobuyoshi Mihara and Akihiko Yoshida Mihara was the character designer for Final Fantasy XI and Yoshida served as character designer for Final Fantasy Tactics the Square produced Vagrant Story and Final Fantasy XII 43 127 Graphics and technology edit Because of graphical limitations the first games on the NES feature small sprite representations of the leading party members on the main world screen Battle screens use more detailed full versions of characters in a side view perspective This practice was used until Final Fantasy VI which uses detailed versions for both screens The NES sprites are 26 pixels high and use a color palette of 4 colors 6 frames of animation are used to depict different character statuses like healthy and fatigued The SNES installments use updated graphics and effects as well as higher quality audio than in previous games but are otherwise similar to their predecessors in basic design The SNES sprites are 2 pixels shorter but have larger palettes and feature more animation frames 11 colors and 40 frames respectively The upgrade allowed designers to have characters be more detailed in appearance and express more emotions The first game includes non player characters NPCs the player could interact with but they are mostly static in game objects Beginning with the second game Square used predetermined pathways for NPCs to create more dynamic scenes that include comedy and drama 128 In 1995 Square showed an interactive SGI technical demonstration of Final Fantasy VI for the then next generation of consoles The demonstration used Silicon Graphics s prototype Nintendo 64 workstations to create 3D graphics 128 129 Fans believed the demo was of a new Final Fantasy game for the Nintendo 64 console 1997 saw the release of Final Fantasy VII for the Sony PlayStation 129 130 The switch was due to a dispute with Nintendo over its use of faster but more expensive cartridges as opposed to the slower and cheaper but much higher capacity compact discs used on rival systems 131 132 VII introduced 3D graphics with fully pre rendered backgrounds 131 133 It was because of this switch to 3D that a CD ROM format was chosen over a cartridge format 131 134 The switch also led to increased production costs and a greater subdivision of the creative staff for VII and subsequent 3D games in the series 85 nbsp Final Fantasy VIII along with VII and IX used pre rendered backgrounds Starting with Final Fantasy VIII the series adopted a more photo realistic look 135 136 Like VII full motion video FMV sequences would have video playing in the background with the polygonal characters composited on top Final Fantasy IX returned to the more stylized design of earlier games in the series although it still maintained and in many cases slightly upgraded most of the graphical techniques used in the previous two games 136 Final Fantasy X was released on the PlayStation 2 and used the more powerful hardware to render graphics in real time instead of using pre rendered material to obtain a more dynamic look the game features full 3D environments rather than have 3D character models move about pre rendered backgrounds It is also the first Final Fantasy game to introduce voice acting occurring throughout the majority of the game even with many minor characters 19 This aspect added a whole new dimension of depth to the character s reactions emotions and development 19 137 Taking a temporary divergence Final Fantasy XI used the PlayStation 2 s online capabilities as an MMORPG 138 Initially released for the PlayStation 2 with a PC port arriving six months later XI was also released on the Xbox 360 nearly four years after its original release in Japan 139 This was the first Final Fantasy game to use a free rotating camera Final Fantasy XII was released in 2006 for the PlayStation 2 and uses only half as many polygons as Final Fantasy X in exchange for more advanced textures and lighting 140 141 It also retains the freely rotating camera from XI Final Fantasy XIII and XIV both make use of Crystal Tools a middleware engine developed by Square Enix 142 143 Music edit Main article Music of the Final Fantasy series nbsp Nobuo Uematsu primary composer for the seriesFinal Fantasy games feature a variety of music and frequently reuse themes Most of the games open with a piece called Prelude which has evolved from a simple 2 voice arpeggio in the early games to a complex melodic arrangement in recent installments 23 86 108 Victories in combat are often accompanied by a victory fanfare a theme that has become one of the most recognized pieces of music in the series The basic theme that accompanies Chocobo appearances has been rearranged in a different musical style for most installments Recurring secret bosses such as Gilgamesh are also used as opportunities to revive their musical themes A theme known as the Final Fantasy Main Theme or March originally featured in the first game often accompanies the ending credits 86 Although leitmotifs are common in the more character driven installments theme music is typically reserved for main characters and recurring plot elements 58 Nobuo Uematsu was the primary composer of the Final Fantasy series until his resignation from Square Enix in November 2004 58 Other notable composers who have worked on main entries in the series include Masashi Hamauzu Hitoshi Sakimoto 144 145 and Yoko Shimomura Uematsu was allowed to create much of the music with little direction from the production staff Sakaguchi however would request pieces to fit specific game scenes including battles and exploring different areas of the game world 146 Once a game s major scenarios were completed Uematsu would begin writing the music based on the story characters and accompanying artwork He started with a game s main theme and developed other pieces to match its style In creating character themes Uematsu read the game s scenario to determine the characters personality He would also ask the scenario writer for more details to scenes he was unsure about 147 Technical limitations were prevalent in earlier games Sakaguchi would sometimes instruct Uematsu to only use specific notes 146 It was not until Final Fantasy IV on the SNES that Uematsu was able to add more subtlety to the music 128 Reception editOverall the Final Fantasy series has been critically acclaimed and commercially successful though each installment has seen different levels of success The series has seen a steady increase in total sales it sold over 10 million software units worldwide by early 1996 148 more than 25 million units by 1999 149 more than 33 million units and nearly 1 billion revenue between 1 7 2 7 billion adjusted for inflation by 2001 150 45 million units by August 2003 63 million by December 2005 and 85 million by July 2008 151 152 153 By June 2011 the series had sold over 100 million units 154 and by March 2014 it had sold over 110 million units 155 Its high sales numbers have ranked it as one of the best selling video game franchises in the industry in January 2007 the series was listed as number three and later in July as number four 58 156 As of 2019 the series had sold over 149 million units worldwide 157 As of October 2021 the series had sold over 164 million units worldwide 158 By March 2022 the series reached cumulative global physical and digital sales of 173 million units 159 Several games within the series have become best selling games At the end of 2007 the seventh eighth and ninth best selling RPGs were Final Fantasy VII VIII and X respectively 160 The original Final Fantasy VII has sold over 14 4 million copies worldwide 161 162 earning it the position of the best selling Final Fantasy game 163 Within two days of Final Fantasy VIII s North American release on September 9 1999 it became the top selling video game in the United States a position it held for more than three weeks 164 Final Fantasy X sold over 1 4 million Japanese units in pre orders alone which set a record for the fastest selling console RPG 160 165 The MMORPG Final Fantasy XI reached over 200 000 active daily players in March 2006 166 and had reached over half a million subscribers by July 2007 58 Final Fantasy XII sold more than 1 7 million copies in its first week in Japan 167 By November 6 2006 one week after its release XII had shipped approximately 1 5 million copies in North America 168 Final Fantasy XIII became the fastest selling game in the franchise 169 and sold one million units on its first day of sale in Japan 170 Final Fantasy XIV A Realm Reborn in comparison to its predecessor was a runaway success originally suffering from servers being overcrowded 171 and eventually gaining over one million unique subscribers within two months of its launch 172 The series has received critical acclaim for the quality of its visuals and soundtracks 58 In 1996 Next Generation ranked the series collectively as the 17th best game of all time speaking very highly of its graphics music and stories 173 In 1999 Next Generation listed the Final Fantasy series as number 16 on their Top 50 Games of All Time commenting that by pairing state of the art technology with memorable sometimes shamelessly melodramatic storylines the series has successfully outlasted its competitors and improved with each new installation 174 It was awarded a star on the Walk of Game in 2006 making it the first franchise to win a star on the event other winners were individual games not franchises WalkOfGame com commented that the series has sought perfection as well as having been a risk taker in innovation 175 In 2006 GameFAQs held a contest for the best video game series ever with Final Fantasy finishing as the runner up to The Legend of Zelda 176 In a 2008 public poll held by The Game Group plc Final Fantasy was voted the best game series with five games appearing in their Greatest Games of All Time list 177 Many Final Fantasy games have been included in various lists of top games Several games have been listed on multiple IGN Top Games lists 178 179 180 181 182 183 Twelve games were listed on Famitsu s 2006 Top 100 Favorite Games of All Time four of which were in the top ten with Final Fantasy X and VII coming first and second respectively 184 The series holds seven Guinness World Records in the Guinness World Records Gamer s Edition 2008 which include the Most Games in an RPG Series 13 main games seven enhanced games and 32 spin off games the Longest Development Period the production of Final Fantasy XII took five years and the Fastest Selling Console RPG in a Single Day Final Fantasy X 160 185 The 2009 edition listed two games from the series among the top 50 consoles games Final Fantasy XII at number 8 and VII at number 20 186 In 2018 Final Fantasy VII was inducted as a member of the World Video Game Hall of Fame 187 However the series has garnered some criticism IGN has commented that the menu system used by the games is a major detractor for many and is a significant reason why they haven t touched the series 23 The site has also heavily criticized the use of random encounters in the series battle systems 188 189 IGN further stated that the various attempts to bring the series into film and animation have either been unsuccessful unremarkable or did not live up to the standards of the games 11 In 2007 Edge criticized the series for a number of related games that include the phrase Final Fantasy in their titles which are considered inferior to previous games It also commented that with the departure of Hironobu Sakaguchi the series might be in danger of growing stale 58 Several individual Final Fantasy games have garnered extra attention some for their positive reception and others for their negative reception Final Fantasy VII topped GamePro s 26 Best RPGs of All Time list 190 as well as GameFAQs Best Game Ever audience polls in 2004 and 2005 191 192 Despite the success of VII it is sometimes criticized as being overrated In 2003 GameSpy listed it as the seventh most overrated game of all time while IGN presented views from both sides 193 194 Dirge of Cerberus Final Fantasy VII shipped 392 000 units in its first week of release but received review scores that were much lower than that of other Final Fantasy games 195 196 197 A delayed negative review after the Japanese release of Dirge of Cerberus from Japanese gaming magazine Famitsu hinted at a controversy between the magazine and Square Enix 198 Though Final Fantasy The Spirits Within was praised for its visuals the plot was criticized and the film was considered a box office bomb 57 58 59 199 Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles for the GameCube received overall positive review scores but reviews stated that the use of Game Boy Advances as controllers was a big detractor 130 200 The predominantly negative reception of the original version of Final Fantasy XIV caused then president Yoichi Wada to issue an official apology during a Tokyo press conference stating that the brand had been greatly damaged by the game s reception 201 Rankings and aggregators edit Various video game publications have created rankings of the mainline Final Fantasy games In the table below the lower the number given the better the game is in the view of the respective publication By way of comparison the ratings provided by Famitsu magazine and the review aggregator Metacritic are also given in these rows higher numbers indicate better reviews Note that Metacritic ratings up until Final Fantasy VII largely represent retrospective reviews from online websites years after their initial release rather than contemporary reviews from video game magazines at the time of their initial release Publication I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII XIII XIV XVRetro Gamer 2004 202 2 1GamePro 2008 190 1 2Stuff 2008 203 2 1Empire 2009 204 1 2Jeuxvideo 2011 205 3 2 1Kotaku 2013 206 10 11 8 3 5 1 4 6 2 7 9 12Popular Mechanics 2014 207 2 1 3Slant Magazine 2014 208 3 1 4 2Den of Geek 2016 209 14 17 6 5 9 1 3 10 4 2 8 7 15 11VentureBeat 2016 210 12 14 13 10 3 2 5 9 1 7 15 4 11 8 6Famitsu 2017 211 9 8 7 1 11 5 3 2 6 4GamesRadar 2022 212 17 7 13 2 1 10 8 14 18 3 21 4 15Game Informer 2018 213 4 3 1 2 5IGN 2018 214 7 12 8 4 5 1 6 11 3 9 2 10Polygon 2018 215 14 15 12 4 3 1 8 5 6 10 11 2 13 7 9Rock Paper Shotgun 2018 216 7 8 3 1 4 2 6 5VG247 2018 217 9 4 3 2 5 1 8 6 10 7Digital Spy 2019 218 12 13 10 6 7 4 3 11 2 1 5 8 9Digital Trends 2019 219 13 15 11 6 9 1 7 2 5 3 10 4 12 8 14NHK 2020 220 221 24 18 12 8 6 3 2 7 4 1 9 15 14 5 10TV Asahi 2021 222 8 7 4 3 1 10 5 2 9 6Famitsu rating out of 40 223 34 224 35 36 36 34 225 37 38 37 38 39 38 40 39 39 226 38 227 Metacritic rating out of 100 228 79 79 77 85 83 92 92 90 94 92 85 92 83 83 229 85 230 Legacy editFinal Fantasy has been very influential in the history of video games and game mechanics Final Fantasy IV is considered a milestone for the genre introducing a dramatic storyline with a strong emphasis on character development and personal relationships 231 In 1992 Nintendo s Shigeru Miyamoto noted the impact of Final Fantasy on Japanese role playing games stating Final Fantasy s interactive cinematic approach with an emphasis on presentation and graphics was gradually becoming the most common style of Japanese RPG at the time 232 Final Fantasy VII having been the first title of the series to be officially released in the PAL territories of Europe and Oceania is credited as having the largest industry impact of the series 131 and with allowing console role playing games to gain global mass market appeal 233 VII is considered to be one of the most important and influential video games of all time 234 235 236 237 The series affected Square s business on several levels The commercial failure of Final Fantasy The Spirits Within resulted in hesitation and delays from Enix during merger discussions with Square 59 108 Square s decision to produce games exclusively for the Sony PlayStation a move followed by Enix s decision with the Dragon Quest series severed their relationship with Nintendo 3 130 Final Fantasy games were absent from Nintendo consoles specifically the Nintendo 64 for seven years 114 131 Critics attribute the switch of strong third party games like the Final Fantasy and Dragon Quest games to Sony s PlayStation and away from the Nintendo 64 as one of the reasons behind PlayStation being the more successful of the two consoles 3 130 134 The release of the Nintendo GameCube which used optical disc media in 2001 caught the attention of Square To produce games for the system Square created the shell company The Game Designers Studio and released Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles which spawned its own metaseries within the main franchise 41 Final Fantasy XI s lack of an online method of subscription cancellation prompted the creation of legislation in Illinois that requires internet gaming services to provide such a method to the state s residents 238 The series popularity has resulted in its appearance and reference in numerous facets of popular culture like anime TV series and webcomics 239 240 241 Music from the series has permeated into different areas of culture Final Fantasy IV s Theme of Love was integrated into the curriculum of Japanese school children and has been performed live by orchestras and metal bands 242 In 2003 Uematsu co founded The Black Mages an instrumental rock group independent of Square that has released albums of arranged Final Fantasy tunes 243 244 Bronze medalists Alison Bartosik and Anna Kozlova performed their synchronized swimming routine at the 2004 Summer Olympics to music from Final Fantasy VIII 160 Many of the soundtracks have also been released for sale Numerous companion books which normally provide in depth game information have been published In Japan they are published by Square and are called Ultimania books 245 246 The series has inspired numerous game developers Fable creator Peter Molyneux considers Final Fantasy VII to be the RPG that defined the genre for him 247 BioWare founder Greg Zeschuk cited Final Fantasy VII as the first really emotionally engaging game he played and said it had a big impact on BioWare s work 248 The Witcher 3 senior environmental artist Jonas Mattsson cited Final Fantasy as a huge influence and said it was the first RPG he played through 249 Mass Effect art director Derek Watts cited Final Fantasy The Spirits Within as a major influence on the visual design and art direction of the series 250 BioWare senior product manager David Silverman cited Final Fantasy XII s gambit system as an influence on the gameplay of Dragon Age Origins 251 Ubisoft Toronto creative director Maxime Beland cited the original Final Fantasy as a major influence on him 252 Media Molecule s Constantin Jupp credited Final Fantasy VII with getting him into game design 253 Tim Schafer also cited Final Fantasy VII as one of his favourite games of all time 254 See also edit nbsp Japan portal nbsp Video games portal nbsp Anime and manga portal nbsp Fantasy portal nbsp Speculative fiction portalList of Final Fantasy video games Dragon Quest initially a competing series from Enix continues to be produced alongside Final Fantasy after their merger with Square Kingdom Hearts an action RPG series developed by Square Enix in collaboration with the American company Disney including both Disney related and Square Enix characters including those of Final Fantasy Granblue Fantasy a 2013 video game featuring key staff from Final Fantasy The Last Story a 2012 video game featuring key staff from Final Fantasy List of Square Enix video game franchises List of Japanese role playing game franchisesNotes edit Japanese ファイナルファンタジー Hepburn Fainaru FantajiReferences edit Jason Schreier July 8 2012 What In The World Is Final Fantasy A Beginner s Guide To The Biggest RPG Series On The Planet Kotaku Archived from the original on March 4 2016 Retrieved May 16 2013 Final Fantasy Release Summary GameSpot Archived from the original on February 10 2009 Retrieved August 2 2011 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Vestal Andrew The Main Final Fantasies The History of Final Fantasy GameSpot Archived from the original on July 8 2012 Retrieved August 2 2011 Final Fantasy II Release Summary GameSpot Archived from the 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quotations related to Final Fantasy nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Final Fantasy Official website Final Fantasy games at Curlie IGN Presents the History of Final Fantasy Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Final Fantasy amp oldid 1214920412 Gameplay, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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