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List of pre-modern states

March 11, 2023

This article lists the many extinct states, countries, nations, empires or territories from Ancient History to just before the Early Modern period, grouped geographically. For the purposes of this list, the Early Modern period begins at the Fall of Constantinople in 1453. For earlier civilizations, see prehistory.

Europe, North Africa and the Near East

Ancient

There were also numerous Celtic, Germanic, and Slavic Tribes.

Medieval

England

After the collapse of the Roman Empire, the Romano-British territories became increasingly fragmented. This was a result of the traditional system of Celtic inheritance: the realm was split amongst all sons upon a king's death. This situation was made worse after c. 449 when Jutes and Anglo-Saxons began colonising the south-eastern seaboards. As Jutes and Anglo-Saxons drove further inland, remaining Celts fled to the far corners of the island. Eventually the Romano-Britons (now known to the Anglo-Saxons as "Welsh") were assimilated or driven into the highlands of Cambria (Wales) or Caledonia (Scotland).

Sub-Roman Brythonic kingdoms in England

Anglo-Saxon kingdoms in England

Kingdom of England[77]

Wales

Sub-Roman and Medieval Brythonic kingdoms in Wales Wales experienced a similar history during this time, although the Welsh population successfully resisted the influx of Anglo-Saxon settlers into the British Isles. The country was home to a number of princedoms until England's ultimate conquest of the region in the later medieval period.

Scotland

Sub-Roman Cumbric kingdoms in Scotland

Pictish kingdoms in Scotland

Gaelic kingdoms in Scotland

  • Dál Riata, the proto-state that became Scotland. (this kingdom spanned western Scotland and northeastern Ireland)

Other

Ireland

Extinct kingdoms in Ireland Ireland during the early medieval period consisted of some two hundred tuathas or minor kingdoms, which were in turn vassals of the rulers of an over-kingdom, called a cóiced (usually translated as a portion, a fifth, or a province). The most prominent of these kingdoms were

Between the 8th and 12th centuries, various Ard Rí attempted unsuccessfully to impose their rule over all the kingdoms in Ireland. Among those whose efforts almost made this a reality were Flann Sinna, reigned 877–916); Niall Glúndub mac Áedo (916–919); Brian Bóruma mac Cennétig (1002–1014); Toirdhealbhach Ua Briain (1055–1086; and Toirdhealbhach Ua Conchobhair (1119–1156). The last of these kingdoms ceased to exist in the early 17th century. Further Irish kingdoms included:

For further information see Irish kings.

France

Low Countries

Germany and neighbouring countries

Spain and Portugal

Italy

Russia and Ukraine

Main article: List of early East Slavic states

Balkans

Category:Former countries in the Balkans

Middle East

Other

Caucuses

North Africa

Asia

South Asia

China

The many Chinese states had an influence on surrounding regions; from the Song dynasty period alone, this includes:

A number of now-extinct states formed under Chinese influence along the Silk Road in the Tarim Basin, including:

Unsorted:

Korea

The early history of Korea was as complex as that of neighbouring China. A number of Korean states existed on the peninsula and reached up into Manchuria before the formation of the modern state of Korea. These included:

Japan

Philippines

Vietnam

The country of Vietnam in the past was very different from the present. The first Vietnamese kingdom occupied only present-day northern Vietnam. In the 10th century, Vietnam began to push to the south for the next 1000 years, which was called Nam Tiến (southward expansion) in Vietnamese. It conquered other kingdoms and was split by civil war. All the kingdoms that united to form Vietnam are:

Cambodia/Laos/Thailand

Burma

Malaya/Indonesia

Pre-Columbian America

The Americas have historically been home to a number of indigenous states, civilizations and societies of great complexity. Those indigenous states that still existed by the time of the first permanent European colonizations, from the late 15th century onwards, were soon substantively destroyed and/or absorbed. The list below includes both those that ceased to exist before this European arrival, and those that ceased to independently function because of this impact.

In addition, there were a wide variety of pre-Inca cultures, few of which developed into organised states.

Oceania

See List of Indigenous Australian group names for a list of territories that have ceased to exist as political entities, grouped geographically and by constitutional nature. See List of iwi for a similar list of New Zealand Māori tribal divisions.

See also

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March 11, 2023
list, modern, states, this, article, appears, contradict, article, list, former, sovereign, states, please, discussion, linked, talk, page, november, 2020, learn, when, remove, this, template, message, this, article, lists, many, extinct, states, countries, na. This article appears to contradict the article List of former sovereign states Please see discussion on the linked talk page November 2020 Learn how and when to remove this template message This article lists the many extinct states countries nations empires or territories from Ancient History to just before the Early Modern period grouped geographically For the purposes of this list the Early Modern period begins at the Fall of Constantinople in 1453 For earlier civilizations see prehistory Contents 1 Europe North Africa and the Near East 1 1 Ancient 1 2 Medieval 1 2 1 England 1 2 2 Wales 1 2 3 Scotland 1 2 4 Ireland 1 2 5 France 1 2 6 Low Countries 1 2 7 Germany and neighbouring countries 1 2 8 Spain and Portugal 1 2 9 Italy 1 2 10 Russia and Ukraine 1 2 11 Balkans 1 2 12 Middle East 1 2 13 Other 1 2 14 Caucuses 1 2 15 North Africa 2 Asia 2 1 South Asia 2 2 China 2 3 Korea 2 4 Japan 2 5 Philippines 2 6 Vietnam 2 7 Cambodia Laos Thailand 2 8 Burma 2 9 Malaya Indonesia 3 Pre Columbian America 4 Oceania 5 See also 6 ReferencesEurope North Africa and the Near East EditAncient Edit Achaean League 280 146 BCE Adiabene 1 15 116 CE Aetolian League 367 189 BCE Akkadian Empire 2 Alamanni Ammon 10th century BCE 332 BCE 3 Kingdom of Hatra Kingdom of Armenia Assyria 4 Neo Assyrian Empire Atropatene 5 Avar Kingdom Axumite Kingdom 6 Babylonia 7 Neo Babylonian Empire Bithynia Bosporan Kingdom 8 Kingdoms of Sub Roman Britain Burgundian Kingdom Cappadocia Caucasian Iberia 9 Carthage 10 Chaldea 11 Characene 12 Commagene 13 Colchis 14 Cyrene Dacia Delian League Athenian Empire 478 BC 404 BC Edom 15 Egrisi Egyptian Empire 16 Elam 17 Elymais Ancient Epirus 18 Etruria 19 Fatimid Caliphate citation needed Finnveden citation needed Kingdom of the Franks Frisian kingdom Galatia 20 Gallic Empire Gepid Kingdom Ghassanid Kingdom Gordyene Greco Bactrian Kingdom Hellenic city states such as Athens 21 Sparta 22 Syracuse 23 and their allied cities colonies territories See List of ancient Greek cities for all Greek Poleis Hellenistic Empires Ptolemaic 24 Seleucid 25 Antigonid 26 etc Himyar 27 Hittites 28 Hunnic Empire Hurrians 29 Illyria 30 Hebrew kingdoms of Israel 31 and Judah 32 and later kingdom of Judaea Kindah Kush 33 Lakhmids Lombard Kingdoms Lycia 34 Lydia 35 Macedon 36 Mauritania Media 37 Meroe 38 Moab 39 Nabataean kingdom 40 Nekor citation needed Njudung The petty kingdoms of present day Norway 41 42 Nubia 43 Numidian Kingdom Saxons Odrysian kingdom of Thrace 44 Osroene citation needed Ostrogothic Kingdom Kingdom of Pergamon 45 Palmyra Parthia 46 Philistines Phoenician city states Kingdom of Pontus 47 Rome 48 Roman Kingdom 49 Roman Republic 50 Roman Empire 51 Rugiland Scythia 52 Domain of Soissons Suebic Kingdom Sumerian city states 53 Tartessos 54 Thuringia Urartu 55 Varend 56 Vasconia Visigothic Kingdom Yamkhad 57 Yemeni Kingdoms qataban hadramaut Sabaeans Minaeans Troy 58 There were also numerous Celtic Germanic and Slavic Tribes Medieval Edit England Edit After the collapse of the Roman Empire the Romano British territories became increasingly fragmented This was a result of the traditional system of Celtic inheritance the realm was split amongst all sons upon a king s death This situation was made worse after c 449 when Jutes and Anglo Saxons began colonising the south eastern seaboards As Jutes and Anglo Saxons drove further inland remaining Celts fled to the far corners of the island Eventually the Romano Britons now known to the Anglo Saxons as Welsh were assimilated or driven into the highlands of Cambria Wales or Caledonia Scotland Sub Roman Brythonic kingdoms in England Dumnonia a realm named after the Dumnonii in the southwest 59 Kingdom of Cornwall ca 720 870 rump state after the fall of Dumnonia to Wessex Bryneich a hypothesised kingdom in the modern day northeast of England The region is also thought to have been a part of Gododdin Ebrauc a small kingdom centred on York Calchfynedd a kingdom in the Chiltern or Cheviot Hills Elmet a substantial kingdom near Leeds extinguished in 616 Rheged another substantial kingdom divided into north and south in the northwest of modern England 60 Pengwern a significant kingdom in what is now Shropshire 61 Anglo Saxon kingdoms in England Northumbria 62 formed out of the two northern Anglian kingdoms 63 Beornice or Bernicia a small kingdom comprising the northern part of Northumbria 64 Dere or Deira a small kingdom comprising the southern part of Northumbria 64 Mercia 65 which absorbed the smaller kingdoms of Lindsey 66 and Hwicce 67 East Anglia 68 Kent 69 Sussex 70 kingdom of the South Saxons Wessex 71 kingdom of the West Saxons Essex kingdom of the East Saxons 72 Haestingas a Saxon tribe in part of Sussex Magonsaete an Anglian tribe in the hills of Shropshire Hwicce an Anglian tribe in modern Gloucestershire and Worcestershire 67 Middle Saxons a Saxon tribe in modern Middlesex and Hertfordshire 73 Suthrege the Saxons of modern Surrey 74 75 Hicca a small Middle Angle tribe in modern Cambridgeshire citation needed Wreoconsaete an Anglian tribe in the hills of Shropshire citation needed Gyre a small Middle Angle tribe in modern Cambridgeshire citation needed Witware the Jutes 76 of the Isle of Wight Kingdom of England 77 Wales Edit Sub Roman and Medieval Brythonic kingdoms in Wales Wales experienced a similar history during this time although the Welsh population successfully resisted the influx of Anglo Saxon settlers into the British Isles The country was home to a number of princedoms until England s ultimate conquest of the region in the later medieval period Kingdom of Gwynedd a kingdom that eventually became the core of the Principality of Wales Dyfed Deheubarth Powys Brycheiniog became modern Brecknockshire Ceredigion Gwent Morgannwg became modern Glamorgan Gwerthyrnion Meirionnydd became modern Merionethshire Seisyllwg Rhufoniog Rhos Dogfeiling Dunoting Maelienydd Principality of Wales a feudal confederation of Welsh principalities and a vassal of England between 1267 and 1282 Scotland Edit Sub Roman Cumbric kingdoms in Scotland Valentia an entity between Hadrians Wall and the Antonine Wall during the period following the departure of the Romans until c 450 Alt Clud Strathclyde also known as the Kingdom of the Rock referring to the stronghold of Dumbarton Rock in the Firth of Clyde Gododdin Manau GododdinPictish kingdoms in Scotland Cait situated in modern Caithness and Sutherland Ce situated in modern Mar and Buchan Circinn perhaps situated in modern Angus and the Mearns 37 Fib the modern Fife known to this day as the Kingdom of Fife Fidach location unknown Fotla modern Atholl Ath Fotla 38 Fortriu cognate with the Verturiones of the Romans recently shown to be centered around MorayGaelic kingdoms in Scotland Dal Riata the proto state that became Scotland this kingdom spanned western Scotland and northeastern Ireland Other Kingdom of ScotlandIreland Edit Extinct kingdoms in Ireland Ireland during the early medieval period consisted of some two hundred tuathas or minor kingdoms which were in turn vassals of the rulers of an over kingdom called a coiced usually translated as a portion a fifth or a province The most prominent of these kingdoms were Aileach later Tir Conaill and Tir Eogain Airgialla Ulaid Mide Laighin Osraighe Munster including Ormond Desmond and Thomond Ui Maine ConnachtBetween the 8th and 12th centuries various Ard Ri attempted unsuccessfully to impose their rule over all the kingdoms in Ireland Among those whose efforts almost made this a reality were Flann Sinna reigned 877 916 Niall Glundub mac Aedo 916 919 Brian Boruma mac Cennetig 1002 1014 Toirdhealbhach Ua Briain 1055 1086 and Toirdhealbhach Ua Conchobhair 1119 1156 The last of these kingdoms ceased to exist in the early 17th century Further Irish kingdoms included Aidhne Breifne Dal Fiatach Dal nAraidi Dal Riata this kingdom spanned western Scotland and northeastern Ireland Desmond Dublin Fir Manach Meath Moylurg Ui FailgheFor further information see Irish kings France Edit Frankish Kingdom Carolingian Empire 419 843 West Francia which eventually developed into the Kingdom of France Visigothic Kingdom of Tolosa encompassing southwestern France 418 507 Central Francia Kingdom of Lotharingia 855 869 Duchy of Lorraine Duchy of Burgundy 880 1482 dynastic pivot in personal union of most of the Low Countries and much of eastern and northern France Duchy of Brittany 841 to 1532 Papal states of Avignon Peniscola under antipope Benedict XIII Republic of St Tropez 1470 1672 Duchy of Normandy this state technically continues to exist as the Bailiwicks of Jersey and Guernsey British crown dependencies not a part of the United Kingdom while the rest was incorporated into France Duchy of BarLow Countries Edit in the Low Countries present Belgium and or Netherlands but not Luxembourg Seventeen Provinces was transformed Batavian Republic Countship of Flanders Duchy of Gelre roughly Guelders another claimant to archducal rank Countship of Holland Duchy of Bouillon Countship of Namur Drenthe Prince bishopric of Liege Duchy of Brabant claiming the rank of archduchy as premier principality in the former duchy of Lower Lotharingia Countship of Hainaut its personal union with Holland was not a state as such Countship of Hoorn Breda Bergen op Zoom Arkel Thorn Montfoort Friesland Frisia Groningen Oostergo Westergo Gemert Woerden Prince bishopric of Utrecht Countship of ZutphenGermany and neighbouring countries Edit in historic and present day Germany and neighbouring countries regions East Francia Holy Roman Empire 843 1806 List of states in the Holy Roman Empire nearly all of those largely Kleinstaaterei were merged into larger states eventually into modern Germany Austria and other large modern states remarkable exceptions including Liechtenstein and Luxembourg Pomerania ruled by the Dukes of Pomerania 1121 1637 Monastic State of the Teutonic Knights Great MoraviaSpain and Portugal Edit Iberian states Christian Hispania Crown of Aragon 1716 Aragon 1035 1479 Ribagorza Sobrarbe Principality of Catalonia Countship of Barcelona 801 1162 Urgell Pallars Sobira Pallars Jussa Empuries Kingdom of Valencia Kingdom of Majorca Kingdom of Asturias 716 913 afterwards Kingdom of Leon 913 1037 1195 1230 Kingdom County of Galicia Kingdom of Galicia and Portugal County of Portugal Portucale in old Portuguese County of Coimbra Kingdom of Castile 11th century 1479 Kingdom of Navarre Kingdom of the Suebi 409 585 Visigothic Kingdom 418 711 Vandalic and Alanic kingdoms in Iberia Moorish Al Andalus Caliphate of Cordoba originally an emirate Taifa kingdoms mainly emirates Albarracin Algeciras Almeria Alpuente Badajoz Baeza Balearic Islands or Majorca Beja and Evora Carmona Constantina and Hornachuelos Cordova Denia Granada Guadix and Baza Huelva Jaen Jerica Lisbon Lorca Malaga Menorca Mertola Molina Moron Murcia Murviedro and Sagunto Niebla Orihuela Purchena Ronda Saltes and Huelva Algarve Santarem Segorbe Segura Seville Silves Tavira Tejada Toledo Tortosa Valencia ZaragozaItaly Edit in present Italy Roman states Roman monarchy 787 525 BC Roman Republic 525 27 BC Roman Empire 27 BC 476 AD Post Roman Kingdom of Italy Republic of Venice 727 1797 Republic of Genoa 1000 1797 Carantania Duchy of Lucca Duchy of Modena and Reggio Duchy of Parma Kingdom of Sardinia Piedmont Duchy first Countship of Savoy 1416 1714 Kingdoms of Naples and Sicily 1043 1410 1442 1500 1735 1816 Kingdom of the Two Sicilies 1816 1860 Tuscany Papal States partially annexed by the kingdom of Italy in 1860 completely annexed in 1870 and many minor city states and feudal principalities in present Sicily Etruscan civilization Roman Republic Roman Empire Western Roman Empire Ostrogoths Byzantine Empire Emirate of CordobaRussia and Ukraine Edit Main article List of early East Slavic states In and around present day European Russia and Ukraine Volga Bulgaria 660 1236 Novgorod Republic Golden Horde in 1430s into Kazan Khanate Crimean Khanate Astrakhan Khanate Siberia Khanate Big Horde Russia finally became independent Khazar Empire 652 1016 Kievan Rus 860 12th century Trubczewsk Originally a sub principality under Novhorod Siversky Trubchevsk was independent sporadically throughout the Middle Ages in 1164 1196 1202 1211 1212 1240 1378 1399 and finally in 1462 1503 Grand Duchy of Lithuania 1795 Balkans Edit Category Former countries in the Balkans Balkan states Principality of Arber 1190 1255 Republic of Ragusa Dubrovnik 1358 1808 Medieval Croatian state 800s 1102 Great Bulgaria 632 660 First Bulgarian Empire 681 1018 Second Bulgarian Empire 1186 1396 Bulgarian Khanate 681 864 Lordship of Zeta Byzantine Empire 330 1453 Empire of Nicaea 1204 1261 Empire of Trebizond Despotate of Epirus Despotate of Morea European Crusader States 1098 1291 Latin Empire of Constantinople Kingdom of Thessalonica Principality of Achaea Duchy of Athens Duchy of the Archipelago Serbian Principality 7th century c 960 Grand Principality of Duklja 1043 1101 Serbian Grand Principality 1101 1217 Serbian Kingdom 1217 1345 Serbian Empire 1345 1371 Middle East Edit Sultanate of Rum 1077 1307 Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia 1080 1375 Crusader States 1098 1291 Countship of Edessa Kingdom of Jerusalem Principality of Antioch Countship of Tripoli Kingdom of Cyprus Khwarezmian Empire 1077 1220 Mongol Empire established in 1206 split in 1260s though some of its successor states lasted for a few centuries Great Seljuq Empire Timurid Empire Persia Central Asia and part of India Empire of Trebizond 1204 1461 Uyunid Emirate 1076 1253 Ottoman Empire 1299 1923 Other Edit Icelandic Commonwealth 930 1262 kingdom of Hungary 1000 1918 kingdom of Poland 1025 1385 Caucuses Edit Crimean Khanate 1441 1783 Dzungar 1634 1757 North Africa Edit Kingdom of Egypt 3100 1550BC Early Dynastic 1st 2nd Intermediate Middle Kingdom periods Egyptian Empire 1550 1069BC New Kingdom period Kingdom of Egypt 1069 332BC 3rd Intermediate and Late period Kingdom of Carthage 814 650BC Carthaginian Empire 650 146BC Fatimid Caliphate 909 1171 in North Africa Sanhaja Mauretania 3rd century BC 431 AD 533 698Asia EditSouth Asia Edit Indus Valley civilisation Harappa Mohenjo Daro 3100 1200 BC Janapadas c 1200 6th century BC Mahajanapadas 600 300 bc Magadha Nanda Empire Maurya Empire Shunga Empire Kanva Empire Mahameghavana dynasty Kuninda Kingdom Indo Scythian Kingdom Chera dynasty c 5th century BC 1102 AD Pandyan Kingdom Chola Empire which spread to Malaya Indonesia Ceylon 300s BC 1279 Satavahana Empire Indo Greek Kingdom Indo Parthian Kingdom Western Satraps Kushan Empire Indo Sassanid Kingdom Kalabhras Kingdom Gupta Empire Pallava dynasty Kadamba dynasty Western Ganga dynasty Vishnukundina Huna Kingdom Chalukya dynasty Harsha Eastern Chalukyas Pratihara Empire Pala Empire Rashtrakuta dynasty Paramara dynasty Yadava Kingdom Chaulukya kingdom Western Chalukya Empire Hoysala Empire Sena dynasty Eastern Ganga dynasty Kakatiya dynasty Kalachuri Muslim Sultanates Delhi Sultanate Ahom Kingdom Vijayanagara Empire Kingdom of Mysore 1399 1947 Madurai Thanjavur Nayak kingdom Maratha Empire Sikh Empire 1799 1849 Mughal Empire 1526 1857 China Edit Shang dynasty Zhou dynasty Warring States Chu Cai Cao Chen Lu Song Yue Wu Jin Han Zheng Wei Zhao Qi Yan Qin Qin dynasty Han dynasty Three Kingdoms Eastern Wu Cao Wei Shu Han Jin dynasty Sixteen Kingdoms Cheng Han Former Liang Former Qin Former Yan Han Zhao Later Liang Later Qin Later Yan Later Zhao Northern Liang Northern Yan Southern Liang Southern Yan Western Liang Western Qin Xia Southern and Northern dynasties Liu Song Northern Wei Southern Qi Eastern Wei Liang dynasty Western Wei Chen Northern Qi Northern Zhou Sui dynasty Tang dynasty Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Later Liang Later Tang Later Jin Later Han Later Zhou Wu Wuyue Min Chu Southern Han Former Shu Later Shu Jingnan Southern Tang Northern Han Song dynasty Yuan dynasty Ming dynasty Qing dynastyThe many Chinese states had an influence on surrounding regions from the Song dynasty period alone this includes Liao dynasty Khitan ethnicity Western Xia Tangut ethnicity Jin dynasty Jurchen ethnicity A number of now extinct states formed under Chinese influence along the Silk Road in the Tarim Basin including Karasahr Khotan Kucha YarkandUnsorted Tibetan Empire 7th to the 11th century Nanzhao 737 902 Kingdom of Dali 937 1253 Guge c 900 c 1650 Korea Edit The early history of Korea was as complex as that of neighbouring China A number of Korean states existed on the peninsula and reached up into Manchuria before the formation of the modern state of Korea These included Gojoseon Proto Three Kingdoms Buyeo Okjeo Dongye Jin Samhan Ma Byeon Jin Three Kingdoms Goguryeo Baekje Silla Gaya Confederacy North South States Balhae Unified Silla Later Three Kingdoms Taebong Hubaekje Silla Goryeo Joseon Korean EmpireJapan Edit Republic of Ezo Ryukyu KingdomPhilippines Edit Sultanate of Maguindanao Kingdom of Tondo Kingdom of Maynila Kingdom of NamayanVietnam Edit The country of Vietnam in the past was very different from the present The first Vietnamese kingdom occupied only present day northern Vietnam In the 10th century Vietnam began to push to the south for the next 1000 years which was called Nam Tiến southward expansion in Vietnamese It conquered other kingdoms and was split by civil war All the kingdoms that united to form Vietnam are Annam Chinese province Annam French protectorate Au Lạc Champa Amaravati Champa Kauthara Panduranga Champa Vijaya Champa Cochinchina Funan Kampuchea Krom Nam Việt North Vietnam Sedang South Vietnam Tonkin Vạn Xuan Văn LangCambodia Laos Thailand Edit Khmer Empire Cambodian Empire 802 1431 Chenla Shambhupura oc Eo Langkasuka Sukhothai kingdom Tambralinga Patani Kingdom Lanna Dvaravati Raktamaritika HariphunchaiBurma Edit Pyu city states c 100 BC c 840 AD Mon kingdoms 9th 11th 13th 16th 18th centuries SinghanavatiMalaya Indonesia Edit Pasai Gangga Negara Pan Pan Tarumanagara Sultanate of Aceh Sultanate of Demak Majapahit Mataram Kingdom Sunda Kingdom Melayu Kingdom Singhasari Kediri historical kingdom Malacca Sultanate Pala Empire Singhasari Srivijaya Johor Sultanate Federation of Malaya Kingdom of Pajang Sultanate of Sulu and North Borneo Sulu is now included in the Philippines while North Borneo is now the Malaysian State of SabahPre Columbian America EditThe Americas have historically been home to a number of indigenous states civilizations and societies of great complexity Those indigenous states that still existed by the time of the first permanent European colonizations from the late 15th century onwards were soon substantively destroyed and or absorbed The list below includes both those that ceased to exist before this European arrival and those that ceased to independently function because of this impact Ancestral Puebloans Anasazi Aztec Empire Cahokia Carib Chachapoya Chimu Ciboney Huari Wari Inca civilization Tiwanaku Maya civilization Moche Mochica Nazca Ica Nazca Olmec Selk nam Taino Timucuan Teotihuacan Empire Tlaxcala Toltecs Tahuantinsuyu the Inca Empire In addition there were a wide variety of pre Inca cultures few of which developed into organised states Oceania EditTu i Tonga Empire Kingdom of Hawaii Kingdom of Tahiti Kingdom of Bora BoraSee List of Indigenous Australian group names for a list of territories that have ceased to exist as political entities grouped geographically and by constitutional nature See List of iwi for a similar list of New Zealand Maori tribal divisions See also EditList of Bronze Age states c 3300 1200 BC List of Iron Age states c 1200 600 BC List of Classical Age states c 600 BC 200 AD List of states during Late Antiquity c 200 700 List of states during the Middle Ages c 700 1500 List of former sovereign states Former countries in Europe after 1815 List of countries List of former national capitals List of largest empires List of micronationsReferences Edit Adiabene 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