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Foxconn

Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd., trading as Hon Hai Technology Group in China and Taiwan and Foxconn internationally, is a Taiwanese multinational electronics contract manufacturer established in 1974 with headquarters in Tucheng, New Taipei City, Taiwan. In 2021, the company's annual revenue reached 6.83 trillion New Taiwan dollars (US$214 billion) and was ranked 20th in the 2023 Fortune Global 500. It is the world's largest contract manufacturer of electronics.[3] While headquartered in Taiwan, the company earns the majority of its revenue from assets in China and is one of the largest employers worldwide.[4][5] Terry Gou is the company founder and former chairman.

Hon Hai Precision Industry Co. Ltd.
  • Hon Hai Technology Group (鴻海科技集團)
  • Foxconn (富士康)
Native name
鴻海精密工業股份有限公司
Company typePublic
ISINTW0002317005
IndustryElectronics
Founded20 February 1974; 50 years ago (1974-02-20) (as Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd.)
FounderTerry Gou
Headquarters
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Young Liu (chairman and president)
Products
ServicesElectronics manufacturing services
RevenueNT$ 6.626 trillion (2022) ~US$213.90 billion [1]
NT$ 173.78 billion (2022) ~US$5.61 billion [1]
NT$ 141.48 billion (2022) ~US$4.57 billion [1]
Total assetsNT$ 4.133 trillion (2022) ~US$133.42 billion [1]
Total equityNT$ 1.650 trillion (2022) ~US$53.27 billion [1]
Number of employees
767,062 (2022) (Taiwan employee data only)[2]
Subsidiaries
Websitewww.honhai.com/en-us/
Foxconn
Traditional Chinese鴻海精密工業股份有限公司
Simplified Chinese鸿海精密工业股份有限公司
Literal meaningHon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd.
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinHónghǎi Jīngmì Gōngyè Gǔfèn Yǒuxiàngōngsī
Bopomofoㄏㄨㄥˊㄏㄞˇ ㄐ丨ㄥㄇ丨ˋ ㄍㄨㄥ一ㄝˋ ㄍㄨˇㄈㄣˋ一ㄡˇㄒ丨ㄢˋㄍㄨㄥㄙ
Southern Min
Tâi-lôhông-hái tsing-bı̍t kang-gia̍p kóo-hūn iú-hān kong-si
Trading name in Chinese
Traditional Chinese鴻海科技集團
Simplified Chinese鸿海科技集团
Literal meaningHon Hai Technology Group
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinHónghǎi Kējì Jítuán
Bopomofoㄏㄨㄥˊㄏㄞˇ ㄎㄜㄐ丨ˋ ㄐ丨ˊㄊㄨㄢˊ
International trade name
Chinese富士康
Literal meaningFoxconn
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinFùshìkāng
Bopomofoㄈㄨˋㄕˋㄎㄤ

Foxconn manufactures electronic products for major American, Canadian, Chinese, Finnish, and Japanese companies. Notable products manufactured by Foxconn include the BlackBerry,[6] iPad,[7] iPhone, iPod,[8] Kindle,[9] all Nintendo gaming systems since the GameCube, Nintendo DS models, Sega models, Nokia devices, Cisco products, Sony devices (including most PlayStation gaming consoles), Google Pixel devices, Xiaomi devices, every successor to Microsoft's Xbox console,[10] and several CPU sockets, including the TR4 CPU socket on some motherboards. As of 2012, Foxconn factories manufactured an estimated 40% of all consumer electronics sold worldwide.[11]

Foxconn named Young Liu its new chairman after the retirement of founder Terry Gou, effective on 1 July 2019. Young Liu was the special assistant to former chairman Terry Gou and the head of business group S (semiconductor). Analysts said the handover signals the company's future direction, underscoring the importance of semiconductors, together with technologies like artificial intelligence, robotics, and autonomous driving, after Foxconn's traditional major business of smartphone assembly has matured.[12]

History edit

 
Foxconn connector box tag in 2014

Terry Gou established Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd. as an electrical components manufacturer in 1974 in Taipei, Taiwan. Foxconn's first manufacturing plant in Mainland China opened in Longhua Town, Shenzhen, in 1988.[8]

One of the important milestones for Foxconn occurred in 2001 when Intel selected the company to manufacture its Intel-branded motherboards instead of Asus.[13] By November 2007, Foxconn further expanded with an announced plan to build a new US$500 million plant in Huizhou, Southern China.[14]

In January 2012, Foxconn named Tien Chong (Terry) Cheng chief executive of its subsidiary FIH Mobile Limited.[15] At this time, Foxconn made up approximately 40% of worldwide consumer electronics production.[16]

Expansion was further pursued after a March 2012 acquisition of a 10-percent stake in the Japanese electronics company Sharp Corporation for US$806 million and to purchase up to 50 percent of the LCDs produced at Sharp's plant in Sakai, Japan.[17] However, the agreed deal was broken as Sharp's shares continued to plunge in the following months.[18] In September 2012, Foxconn announced plans to invest US$494 million in the construction of five new factories in Itu, Brazil, creating 10,000 jobs.[19]

In 2014, the company purchased Asia Pacific Telecom and won some spectrum licenses at an auction, which allowed it to operate 4G telecommunications equipment in Taiwan.[20]

On 25 February 2016, Sharp accepted a ¥700 billion (US$6.24 billion) takeover bid from Foxconn to acquire over 66 percent of Sharp's voting stock.[21] However, as Sharp had undisclosed liabilities which was later informed by Sharp's legal representative to Foxconn, the deal was halted by Foxconn's board of directors. Foxconn asked to call off the deal, but it was proceeded by the former Sharp president. Terry Gou, in the meeting, then wrote the word "義", which means "righteousness", on the whiteboard, saying that Foxconn should honor the deal.[22] A month later, on 30 March 2016, the deal was announced as finalized in a joint press statement, but at a lower price.[23]

In 2016, Foxconn, together with Tencent and luxury-car dealer Harmony New Energy Auto, founded Future Mobility, a car start up that aimed to sell all-electric fully autonomous premium cars by 2020.[24] A Foxconn unit, Foxconn Interconnect Technology, acquired Belkin International for $866m on 26 March 2018.[25]

In July 2019, Foxconn appointed Liu, Young-Way as the new chairman of the Group, which was then ranked 25th among Forbes Top 100 Digital Companies. Soon afterward, Foxconn, led by Young Liu, introduced its "3+3" Model for Transformation, prioritizing the three key industries: electric vehicles, digital health, and robotics industries. The Group is also committed to developing artificial intelligence, semiconductors, and next-generation communication technologies, building blocks in the Group's technology strategy.

In 2020, Foxconn established "Hon Hai Research Institute", with five research centers, each having an average of 40 high technology R&D professionals, all of whom are focused on the research and development of new technologies, the strengthening of Foxconn's technology, and product innovation pipeline, efforts to support the Group's transformation from "brawn" to "brains", and the enhancement of the competitiveness of Foxconn's "3+3" strategy.

Foxconn's 2020 revenue was NT$5.36 trillion (US$193 billion).[26] Circuits Assembly magazine named Foxconn the largest electronics manufacturing services company in the world for the 14th straight year.[27]

On 5 February 2020, Foxconn started producing medical masks and clothing at its Shenzhen factory in China during the Chinese New Year and the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. The company initially said the masks it makes would be for internal employee use. The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 led to a worldwide spike in demand for masks, resulting in global shortages.[28] In a letter to employees, Chairman Young Liu said, "I remember clearly how touching it was when Longhua Park produced our first mask at 4:41am on 5 February. It was the simplest yet most important product Foxconn has ever made. It not only supplied the group's need for epidemic prevention it also contributed to the general public and boosted the morale of the group. All that resulted from our colleagues' hard work."

Following almost a year of public controversy regarding its COVID-19 vaccine shortage;[29][30][31][32] in June 2021, Taiwan agreed to allow founder Terry Gou, through his Yongling Foundation charity,[29] to join with contract chip maker TSMC, and negotiate purchasing COVID-19 vaccines on its behalf.[30][29] In July 2021, BioNTech's Chinese sales agent Fosun Pharma announced that Foxconn and TSMC had reached an agreement to purchase 10 million BioNTech COVID-19 vaccines from Germany for Taiwan.[29][30] The two technology manufacturers pledged to each buy five million doses for up to $175 million,[29] for donation to Taiwan's vaccination program.[30]

In 2020, Foxconn initiated MIH Alliance to create an open EV ecosystem that promotes collaboration in the mobility industry, with more than 2,200 companies joining the open standard since its launch. The company announced plans to become more involved as a contract assembler of EVs. In the same year, Foxconn partnered with Fiat Chrysler Automobiles N.V. and Yulon Group for a move into EVs. Foxconn has been holding the Hon Hai Tech Day (HHTD) event since 2020 to showcase its latest achievements. In HHTD21, Foxconn introduced for the first time three self-developed EV models: the Model C recreational vehicle, the Model E sedan, and the Model T electric bus.

In January 2021, Foxconn and Geely Holding Group signed a strategic cooperative agreement and will establish a joint venture company to provide OEM and customized consulting services relating to whole vehicles, parts, intelligent drive systems, and automotive ecosystem platforms to global automotive enterprises and ridesharing companies. In February 2021, it announced an agreement with EV startup Fisker Inc. to jointly produce more than 250,000 vehicles a year. In March 2021, Foxtron, the JV company of Foxconn and Yulon, announced cooperation with Nidec to strengthen the power on EV key component development.

In July 2021, Foxconn teamed up with CTBC Financial Holding Co., Ltd to create a new fund targeting EV investments. In June 2021, Foxconn invested T$995.2 million ($36 million) in Gigasolar Materials Corp to develop EV battery materials. In September 2021, Foxconn collaborated with Thailand's state-owned oil supplier PTT Public Co. to invest US$1–2 billion in launching an EV joint venture in Thailand. In the same month, Foxconn and Gogoro formed a strategic technology and manufacturing partnership to introduce new levels of manufacturing capabilities and scale for Gogoro battery swapping technologies and Smart Scooters. In October 2021, it agreed to purchase a former GM auto plant from Lordstown Motors and to purchase $50 million of the company's common stock. Under the agreement, Foxconn would use the plant to produce Lordstown's Endurance pickup truck. Fisker vehicles would also be made at the same plant.[33]

In January 2022, Foxconn signed an MoU with the Indonesian Ministry of Investment/BKPM, IBC, Indika, and Gogoro to jointly develop a sustainable new energy ecosystem in Indonesia that focuses on electric batteries, electric mobility, and associated industries. In May 2022, Foxconn announced the completion of the Lordstown Motors facility purchase and further signed a contract manufacturing agreement and a joint venture agreement with LMC for product development.

In mid-2021, Foxconn announced that the company will enter into more semiconductor production and will be expanding into supplying chips for electric vehicles (EVs) and electronics equipment used for healthcare.[34] In May 2021, Foxconn and Yageo Group entered into a joint venture agreement to form XSemi Corporation ("XSemi") to extend the businesses into the semiconductor industry, including product development and sales. Based in Hsinchu, Taiwan, XSemi aims to consolidate the strengths and resources of the two market leaders, in addition to the upcoming multifaceted collaborations with leading semiconductor companies in product design, process and capacity planning, and sales channel. In August 2021, Foxconn acquired a Macronix 6-inch Wafer Fab for US$90.8mn.

In February 2022, Foxconn formed a joint venture company with Vedanta Limited, one of India's leading multinational groups, to manufacture semiconductors in India. Foxconn dropped out of the deal in July 2023.[35] In April 2022, it was announced Foxconn had acquired the wireless telecommunications company, arQana Technologies – with the new organization being rebranded as "iCana".[36] Foxconn also announced a merger with the integrated circuit designing firm AchernarTek for an undisclosed amount. The acquisition and consolidation will help Foxconn develop semiconductors for the automotive sector and 5G infrastructure.[37] In September 2022, Foxtron, the automotive division of Foxconn works with Luxgen to launch its first electric vehicle, Luxgen n7.[38]

International operations edit

Foxconn has 137 campuses and offices in 24 countries and areas around the globe. The majority of Foxconn's factories are located in East Asia, with others in Brazil, India, Europe, and Mexico.[39]

Mainland China edit

 
One of the production floors in Foxconn factory at Shenzhen

Foxconn has 12 factories in nine mainland Chinese cities—more than in any other country.[40]

The largest Foxconn factory is located in Longhua Subdistrict, Shenzhen, where hundreds of thousands of workers (varying counts include 230,000,[39] 300,000,[41] and 450,000)[42] are employed at the Longhua Science & Technology Park, a walled campus[8] sometimes referred to as "Foxconn City".[43]

Covering about 3 km2 (1.2 sq mi),[44] the park includes 15 factories,[43] worker dormitories, four swimming pools,[45] fire brigade,[8] own television network (Foxconn TV),[8] city centre with grocery store, bank, restaurants, book store, hospital.[8] While some workers live in surrounding towns and villages, others live and work inside the complex;[46] a quarter of the employees live in the dormitories.

Another Foxconn factory "city" is located at Zhengzhou Technology Park in Zhengzhou, Henan province, where a reported 120,000 workers were employed as of 2012,[47] later, 200,000 workers were employed as of November 2022.[48] The park produces the bulk of Apple's iPhone line and is sometimes referred to as "iPhone City".[49]

Foxconn's future expansion include sites at Wuhan in Hubei province, Kunshan in Jiangsu province, Tianjin, Beijing, Huizhou and Guangzhou in Guangdong province, China.[40] A Foxconn branch that primarily manufactures Apple products is Hongfujin.

On 25 May 2016, the BBC reported that Foxconn replaced 60,000 employees because it had automated "many of the manufacturing tasks associated with their operations". The organization later confirmed those claims.[50]

In July 2021, the Henan floods hit the world's biggest Apple iPhone assembly plant in Zhengzhou, but production was not affected.[51]

On 21 October 2022, and in response to a Covid outbreak at Zhengzhou Technology Park, Foxconn imposed restrictions on its iPhone assembly plant, with dine-in meal facilities closed.[52][53] On 31 October 2022, after policies intended to control a Covid outbreak prevented workers from leaving the complex, many workers jumped the fence in order to escape.[54] On 2 November 2022, the government imposed the lockdown to the Zhengzhou Airport Economy Zone, where the Foxconn factory is situated.[55] On November 23, workers clashed with law enforcement over the harsh COVID restrictions and claims that Foxconn failed to provide the salary packages that were promised to new hires. Videos circulated on Chinese social media depicting law enforcement beating protesting workers as well as large crowds of workers fighting back law enforcement.[56][57]

Brazil edit

All company facilities in South America are located in Brazil,[58] and these include mobile phone factories in Manaus and Indaiatuba as well as production bases in Jundiaí, Sorocaba, and Santa Rita do Sapucaí.[59] The company is considering further investments in Brazil.[60]

Europe edit

Foxconn has factories in Hungary,[61] Slovakia,[60] and the Czech Republic.[62] As of 2011 it is the second-largest exporter in the Czech Republic.[62]

India edit

As of early 2015, Foxconn had tied up with Sony for manufacturing their televisions and selling it all over India. Hence, they started a new plant called Competition Team Technology (India) Private Limited in Irungattukottai (near Poonamallee, Chennai) which was later moved to Oragadam (Kanchipuram) in 2019. As of mid-2015, Foxconn was in talks to manufacture Apple's iPhone in India.[63] In 2015, Foxconn announced that it would be setting up twelve factories in India and would create around one million jobs.[64] It also discussed its intent to work with the Adani Group for expansion in the country. In August 2015, Foxconn invested in Snapdeal. In September 2016, Foxconn started manufacturing products with Gionee.[65] In 2017, Foxconn started the production of iPhones in Sriperumbudur, near Chennai. In April 2019, Foxconn reported that they are ready to mass-produce newer iPhones in India.[66] Its Chairman, Terry Gou, said that the manufacturing will take place in the southern city of Chennai.[66] In September 2022, Foxconn signed a deal for a semiconductor plant in Gujarat with an investment of $21 billion, by Vedanta Group.[67] In July 2023, Foxconn made a decision to quit the project, citing a number of issues with Vedanta Group as well as including external ones.[68] In August 2023, during its annual meeting, Foxconn reportedly stated that India at present accounts for more than 5% of the company's business and there is ample space for future investments.[69] Foxconn has set a target to employ 2 million jobs and meet India's target of exporting mobile phones worth $10 billion, both by 2030. To meet these targets, as of September 2023, the company has three manufacturing plants under construction, all in southern India–a component and semiconductor plant near the company's existing plant in Chennai, and two plants each in Bangalore (near its airport) and Hyderabad (Kongara Kalan) for making iPhones, iPads, iPods and AirPods. All three plants are projected to be completed and begin operations by the end of 2024. They will together employ around 400,000 people in the first five years of their operations.[70][71][72] In November 2023, Foxconn announced a $1.54 billion investment in India to "help it fulfil 'operational needs.'"[73]

Japan edit

Foxconn and Sharp Corporation jointly operate two manufacturing plants specializing in large-screen televisions in Sakai, Osaka. In August 2012, it was reported that Sharp, while doing corporate restructuring and downsizing, was considering selling the plants to Foxconn. The company was believed to be receptive to the plan. The acquisition was completed with a $3.8 billion deal in August 2016.[74]

Malaysia edit

 
Foxconn Technology Malaysia factory at Kulai, Malaysia

As of 2011, Foxconn had at least seven factories in the Johor state,[75] at Kulai, where it is developing an industrial park that includes four factories that comprise fully automated assembly lines as well as fully automated packaging lines.[76]

Mexico edit

Foxconn has a facility in San Jerónimo, Chihuahua that assembles computers,[77] and two facilities in Juárez – a former Motorola production base that manufactures mobile phones,[78] and a set-top box factory acquired from Cisco Systems.[79] LCD televisions are also made in the country in Tijuana at a plant acquired from Sony.[80]

On June 2, 2022, Foxconn announced that their Mexico-based production plant had been hit by a ransomware attack in late May, disrupting production. The facility affected was located in Tijuana, Baja California and specializes in the production of consumer electronics, medical devices, and industrial products.[81]

South Korea edit

The company invested $377 million in June 2014 to pick up a 4.9 percent shareholding in a South Korean IT services provider, SK C&C.[82]

United States edit

Foxconn announced on 26 July 2017 that it would build a $10 billion TV manufacturing plant in southeastern Wisconsin and would initially employ 3,000 workers (set to increase to 13,000).[83][84] As part of the agreement, Foxconn was set to receive subsidies ranging from $3 billion to $4.8 billion (paid in increments if Foxconn met certain targets), which would be by far the largest subsidy ever given to a foreign firm in U.S. history.[85][86][87][88] Some estimate that Foxconn is expected to contribute $51.5 billion to Wisconsin's GDP over the next 15 years, which is $3.4 billion annually.[89] However, numerous economists have also expressed skepticism that the benefits would exceed the costs of the deal.[90][91][92][93][94] Others have noted that Foxconn has made similar claims about job creation in the past which did not come to fruition.[85][87][95]

Foxconn was also exempted by Governor Scott Walker from filing an environmental impact statement, prompting criticism from environmentalists.[96] The plant was estimated to contribute significantly to air pollution in the region.[97] Environmentalists criticised the decision to allow Foxconn to draw 26,000 cubic metres (7×10^6 US gal) of water per day from Lake Michigan.[87] Given water concerns, Foxconn is spending $30 million on zero liquid discharge technology.[98] Foxconn is also required to replace wetlands at a higher ratio than other companies; Foxconn must restore 2 acres of wetland for every 1 acre disturbed instead of the ratio of 1.2 to 1 for other companies.[98]

As of 4 October 2017, Foxconn agreed to locate their plant in Mount Pleasant, Wisconsin,[99] and broke ground for the plant 28 June 2018. President Trump was in attendance to promote American manufacturing.[100][101]

In January 2019, Foxconn said it was reconsidering its initial plans to manufacture LCD screens at the Wisconsin plant, citing high labour costs in the United States.[102]

Under a new agreement announced in April 2021, Foxconn will reduce its planned investment to $672 million with 1,454 new jobs. Tax credits available to the project were reduced to $8 million.

In October 2021, Lordstown Motors announced a $250 million deal to sell a former GM plant to Foxconn, which would become a contract assembler for the company's Endurance pickup truck. The deal was completed in May 2022 for a final price of $230 million.[103] It was announced Foxconn would also invest $50 million into the company through a purchase of common stock.[33]

Major customers edit

The following list consists of Foxconn's present or past major customers. The list is provided in alphabetical order.

Their country of origin or base of operations is in parentheses.

North America edit

Asia edit

Europe edit

Subsidiaries edit

FIH Mobile edit

FIH Mobile is a subsidiary of Foxconn, offering services such as product development and after-sales support. It was incorporated in the tax haven of the Cayman Islands in 2000.[122]

On 18 May 2016, FIH Mobile announced the purchase of Microsoft Mobile's feature phone business. Microsoft Mobile Vietnam is also part of the sale to FIH Mobile, which consists of the Hanoi, Vietnam manufacturing facility. The rest of the business has been sold to a new Finland-based company HMD Global, which started developing and selling new Nokia-branded devices in early 2017.[123][124] The total sale to both companies amounted to US$350 million. FIH Mobile is now manufacturing new Nokia-branded devices developed by HMD.[125]

Foxtron edit

Foxtron (鴻華先進科技) is a joint venture of Foxconn and Yulon Group founded in 2020 for vehicular manufacturing and research and development of electric vehicles.[126][127]

Foxlink Group edit

Foxlink Group is a Foxconn affiliate.[128]

Shinfox Energy edit

Shinfox Energy is a Foxlink Group subsidiary.[128]

Foxwell Power edit

Foxwell Power is a subsidiary of Shinfox Energy. Foxwell Power contracted with corporate great-grandparent Foxconn to supply 2.36 million kWh of green electricity in 2022.[128]

Controversies edit

Foxconn has been involved in several controversies relating to employee grievances or treatment. Foxconn has more than a million employees.[129] In China, it employed more people than any other private company as of 2011.[60]

Working conditions edit

Allegations of poor working conditions have been made on several occasions. News reports highlight the long working hours,[43][44] discrimination against mainland Chinese workers by their Taiwanese co-workers,[130] and lack of working relationships at the company.[131] Although Foxconn was found to be compliant in the majority of areas when Apple Inc. audited the maker of its iPods and iPhones in 2007,[8] the audit did substantiate several of the allegations.[132] In May 2010, Shanghaiist reported that security guards had been caught beating factory workers.[133]

In reaction to a spate of negative press, particularly that involving worker suicides in which 14 people died[134] from January to May 2010, Steve Jobs defended Apple's relationship with the company in June 2010, citing that its Chinese partner is "pretty nice" and is "not a sweatshop".[135] Meanwhile, however, a report jointly produced by 20 universities in Hong Kong, Taiwan, and mainland China described Foxconn factories as labour camps[136] with widespread worker abuse and illegal overtime.

Concerns increased in early 2012 by an article published in The New York Times in October 2011.[137] It reported evidence that substantiated some of the criticisms. The 2012 audit commissioned by Apple Inc. and performed by the Fair Labor Association found that workers were routinely subjected to inhumane bouts of overtime of up to 34 hours without a pay increase and suggested that debilitating workplace accidents and suicides may be common.[138][139] A Hong Kong non-profit organisation, Students and Scholars Against Corporate Misbehaviour, has written numerous negative reports on Foxconn's treatment of its employees, such as in 2010 and 2011.[140] These typically find far worse conditions than the 2012 Fair Labour Association audit did,[141] but they rely on a far smaller number of employee informants, circa 100 to 170.[142] The Fair Labor Association audit in 2012 used interviews with 35,000 Foxconn employees.[138]

In January 2012, about 150 Foxconn employees threatened to commit a mass suicide in protest of their working conditions.[143] One worker said the protest resulted from 600 workers being moved into a new "unbearable" factory location.[144] In September 2012, a fight at worker dormitories in Taiyuan, Shanxi, where a guard allegedly was beating a worker, escalated into a riot involving 2,000 people and was quelled by security.[145]

In October 2012, the company admitted that 14-year-old children had worked for a short time at a facility in Yantai, Shandong Province, as part of an internship programme,[146] in violation of the age limit of 16 for legal workers.[146] Foxconn said that the workers had been brought in to help deal with a labor shortage, and Xinhua quoted an official saying that 56 underage interns would be returned to their schools. Reuters quoted Foxconn saying that 2.7 percent of its workforce in China were long- or short-term interns. In response to the scrutiny, Foxconn said it would cut overtime from the current 20 hours per week to less than nine hours a week.[146]

Also in October 2012, there was a crisis concerning an injured worker in which 26-year-old Zhang Tingzhen[147] suffered an electric shock and fell in a factory accident[148] a year earlier. His doctors did immediate surgery to remove part of his brain,[149] "[after which] he lost his memory and can neither speak, walk".[150] When his father attempted to get compensation in 2012,[149] Reuters reported that Foxconn told the family to transport and submit him for a disability assessment in Huizhou 70 km away, or it would cut off funding for his treatment.[147] His doctors protested the move for fear of a brain haemorrhage en route,[150] and the company stated that it was acting within labour laws.[148][151] His family later sued Foxconn in 2012 and argued in court that Tingzhen had been summoned to the wrong city.[147] In 2014, a court ruled that he had to be assessed in Huizhou to receive compensation, with Foxconn offering a settlement for the father to recant his criticisms, which was refused.[149]

In February 2015, Beijing News reported that an official with the All China Federation of Trade Union (ACFTU), Guo Jun, said that Foxconn allegedly forced employees to work overtime, resulting in occasional death by karōshi or suicide. Jun also said that the illegal overtime resulted from a lack of investigation and light punishments. Foxconn, in return, issued a statement questioning Guo's allegations, arguing workers wanted to work overtime to earn more money.[152]

In November 2017, the Financial Times reported that it had found several students working 11-hour days at the iPhone X plant in Henan province, violating the 40-hour-per-week mandate for children. In response, Foxconn announced that it has stopped the interns' illegal overtime work at the factory in which 3,000 students had been hired that September.[153]

Since 2016, Foxconn has been replacing its workforce with robots, which have replaced 50% of Foxconn's labor force in 2016, and there are plans for completely automated factories.[154]

In 2019, a report was issued by Taiwan News stating that some of Foxconn's managers had fraudulently used rejected parts to build iPhones.[155]

In late 2022, working conditions were exacerbated by Zero-COVID policies leading to protests.[156][157][158]

Suicides edit

Suicides among Foxconn workers have attracted the media's attention.[159] Among the first cases to attract attention in the press was the death of Sun Danyong, a 25-year-old man who committed suicide in July 2009 after reporting the loss of an iPhone 4[160] prototype in his possession.[161] According to The Telegraph, Danyong had been beaten by security guards.[144]

There was also a series of suicides speculatively linked to low pay in 2010, though employees also noted that Foxconn paid higher wages than similar jobs.[159] In reaction to a spate of worker suicides in which 14 people died in 2010,[134] Foxconn installed suicide-prevention netting at the base of buildings in some facilities[162] and promised to offer substantially higher wages at its Shenzhen production bases.[163] In 2011, Foxconn also hired the PR firm Burson-Marsteller to help deal with the negative publicity from the suicides. That year, the nets seemed to help lower the death rate, although at least four employees died by throwing themselves off buildings.[144]

In January 2012, there was a protest by workers about conditions in Wuhan, with 150 workers threatening to commit mass suicide if factory conditions were not improved.[144] In 2012 and into 2013, three young Foxconn employees were reported to have died by jumping off buildings.[144] In January 2018, another suicide was reported by a factory worker, after 31-year old Li Ming jumped to his death off a building in Zhengzhou, where the iPhone X was being manufactured.[144]

The Wisconsin Valley Project edit

The project originally committed in 2017 to investing $10 billion and employing up to 13,000 workers but has now shrunk to $672 million with 1,454 jobs.

Food poisoning edit

On 15 December 2021, 256 workers at Foxconn's Sriperumbudur factory developed Acute Diarrhoeal Disease due to food poisoning after eating food at the company-provided hostel. As a result of which, 159 workers were hospitalized.[164] The workers were provided no information about this, due to which a rumor started spreading among the workers through WhatsApp that two workers had died.[165] By 17 December there were sit-in protests in worker dormitories, by 10 pm of the same day, thousands of women workers of the factory staged protests on the Chennai-Bengaluru national highway,[166] this was met by police detention of 67 women protestors and arrest of one journalist, with many of them being released a day later.[167] Following the protests the factory was shut down for a week, with the state government and district administration investigating the worker conditions. On 22 December the Food Safety Department sealed the kitchen of the dormitory[168] finding rats and poor drainage. The rooms provided to workers were overcrowded, with them being forced to sleep on the floor, some even lacking toilets with a running water supply.[169] Following the revelation of substandard living conditions, on 29 December Apple put the Foxconn plant on probation, with both Apple and Foxconn issuing statements on the dormitory and dining rooms conditions.[170] In January 2022, after assuring Apple and the Tamil Nadu government that it had taken the necessary corrective measures, Foxconn began reopening its factory and resuming work in phases.[171][172]

Mobility in Harmony Consortium edit

The Mobility in Harmony Consortium was created in 2020 by Foxconn to promote a set of open standards for electric vehicles.[173]

See also edit

References edit

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Further reading edit

  • Barboza, David (18 February 2012). "Foxconn Plans to Lift Pay Sharply at Factories in China". The New York Times.
  • Duhigg, Charles; Barboza, David (25 January 2012). "Human Costs Are Built Into an iPad". The New York Times.
  • Dzieza, Josh (19 October 2020). "The 8th Wonder of the World". The Verge.
  • Kristof, Nicholas D.; WuDunn, Sheryl (24 September 2000). "Two Cheers for Sweatshops". The New York Times.
  • Ngai, Pun, and Jenny Chan. "Global capital, the state, and Chinese workers: The Foxconn experience." Modern China 38.4 (2012): 383–410.
  • Weir, Bill (21 February 2012). "iFactory: Inside Apple". Nightline. ABC TV.

External links edit

  Media related to Foxconn at Wikimedia Commons

foxconn, 2317, redirects, here, year, millennium, 24th, century, precision, industry, trading, technology, group, china, taiwan, internationally, taiwanese, multinational, electronics, contract, manufacturer, established, 1974, with, headquarters, tucheng, tai. 2317 redirects here For the year see 3rd millennium 24th century Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd trading as Hon Hai Technology Group in China and Taiwan and Foxconn internationally is a Taiwanese multinational electronics contract manufacturer established in 1974 with headquarters in Tucheng New Taipei City Taiwan In 2021 the company s annual revenue reached 6 83 trillion New Taiwan dollars US 214 billion and was ranked 20th in the 2023 Fortune Global 500 It is the world s largest contract manufacturer of electronics 3 While headquartered in Taiwan the company earns the majority of its revenue from assets in China and is one of the largest employers worldwide 4 5 Terry Gou is the company founder and former chairman Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd Trade nameHon Hai Technology Group 鴻海科技集團 Foxconn 富士康 Native name鴻海精密工業股份有限公司Company typePublicTraded asTWSE 2317LSE HHPDISINTW0002317005IndustryElectronicsFounded20 February 1974 50 years ago 1974 02 20 as Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd FounderTerry GouHeadquartersTucheng District New Taipei TaiwanArea servedWorldwideKey peopleYoung Liu chairman and president ProductsElectronicsElectronic componentsPCBsIntegrated circuitsServicesElectronics manufacturing servicesRevenueNT 6 626 trillion 2022 US 213 90 billion 1 Operating incomeNT 173 78 billion 2022 US 5 61 billion 1 Net incomeNT 141 48 billion 2022 US 4 57 billion 1 Total assetsNT 4 133 trillion 2022 US 133 42 billion 1 Total equityNT 1 650 trillion 2022 US 53 27 billion 1 Number of employees767 062 2022 Taiwan employee data only 2 SubsidiariesFii Foxconn Industrial Internet FIT Foxconn Interconnect Technology FIH Mobile ShunSin Healthconn CircuTech Asia Pacific Telecom Sharp Corporation Smart Technologies BelkinWebsitewww wbr honhai wbr com wbr en us wbr FoxconnTraditional Chinese鴻海精密工業股份有限公司Simplified Chinese鸿海精密工业股份有限公司Literal meaningHon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinHonghǎi Jingmi Gōngye Gǔfen YǒuxiangōngsiBopomofoㄏㄨㄥˊㄏㄞˇ ㄐ丨ㄥㄇ丨ˋ ㄍㄨㄥ一ㄝˋ ㄍㄨˇㄈㄣˋ一ㄡˇㄒ丨ㄢˋㄍㄨㄥㄙSouthern MinTai lohong hai tsing bi t kang gia p koo hun iu han kong siTrading name in ChineseTraditional Chinese鴻海科技集團Simplified Chinese鸿海科技集团Literal meaningHon Hai Technology GroupTranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinHonghǎi Keji JituanBopomofoㄏㄨㄥˊㄏㄞˇ ㄎㄜㄐ丨ˋ ㄐ丨ˊㄊㄨㄢˊInternational trade nameChinese富士康Literal meaningFoxconnTranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinFushikangBopomofoㄈㄨˋㄕˋㄎㄤFoxconn manufactures electronic products for major American Canadian Chinese Finnish and Japanese companies Notable products manufactured by Foxconn include the BlackBerry 6 iPad 7 iPhone iPod 8 Kindle 9 all Nintendo gaming systems since the GameCube Nintendo DS models Sega models Nokia devices Cisco products Sony devices including most PlayStation gaming consoles Google Pixel devices Xiaomi devices every successor to Microsoft s Xbox console 10 and several CPU sockets including the TR4 CPU socket on some motherboards As of 2012 Foxconn factories manufactured an estimated 40 of all consumer electronics sold worldwide 11 Foxconn named Young Liu its new chairman after the retirement of founder Terry Gou effective on 1 July 2019 Young Liu was the special assistant to former chairman Terry Gou and the head of business group S semiconductor Analysts said the handover signals the company s future direction underscoring the importance of semiconductors together with technologies like artificial intelligence robotics and autonomous driving after Foxconn s traditional major business of smartphone assembly has matured 12 Contents 1 History 2 International operations 2 1 Mainland China 2 2 Brazil 2 3 Europe 2 4 India 2 5 Japan 2 6 Malaysia 2 7 Mexico 2 8 South Korea 2 9 United States 3 Major customers 3 1 North America 3 2 Asia 3 3 Europe 4 Subsidiaries 4 1 FIH Mobile 4 2 Foxtron 4 3 Foxlink Group 4 3 1 Shinfox Energy 4 3 1 1 Foxwell Power 5 Controversies 5 1 Working conditions 5 2 Suicides 5 3 The Wisconsin Valley Project 5 4 Food poisoning 6 Mobility in Harmony Consortium 7 See also 8 References 9 Further reading 10 External linksHistory edit nbsp Foxconn connector box tag in 2014Terry Gou established Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd as an electrical components manufacturer in 1974 in Taipei Taiwan Foxconn s first manufacturing plant in Mainland China opened in Longhua Town Shenzhen in 1988 8 One of the important milestones for Foxconn occurred in 2001 when Intel selected the company to manufacture its Intel branded motherboards instead of Asus 13 By November 2007 Foxconn further expanded with an announced plan to build a new US 500 million plant in Huizhou Southern China 14 In January 2012 Foxconn named Tien Chong Terry Cheng chief executive of its subsidiary FIH Mobile Limited 15 At this time Foxconn made up approximately 40 of worldwide consumer electronics production 16 Expansion was further pursued after a March 2012 acquisition of a 10 percent stake in the Japanese electronics company Sharp Corporation for US 806 million and to purchase up to 50 percent of the LCDs produced at Sharp s plant in Sakai Japan 17 However the agreed deal was broken as Sharp s shares continued to plunge in the following months 18 In September 2012 Foxconn announced plans to invest US 494 million in the construction of five new factories in Itu Brazil creating 10 000 jobs 19 In 2014 the company purchased Asia Pacific Telecom and won some spectrum licenses at an auction which allowed it to operate 4G telecommunications equipment in Taiwan 20 On 25 February 2016 Sharp accepted a 700 billion US 6 24 billion takeover bid from Foxconn to acquire over 66 percent of Sharp s voting stock 21 However as Sharp had undisclosed liabilities which was later informed by Sharp s legal representative to Foxconn the deal was halted by Foxconn s board of directors Foxconn asked to call off the deal but it was proceeded by the former Sharp president Terry Gou in the meeting then wrote the word 義 which means righteousness on the whiteboard saying that Foxconn should honor the deal 22 A month later on 30 March 2016 the deal was announced as finalized in a joint press statement but at a lower price 23 In 2016 Foxconn together with Tencent and luxury car dealer Harmony New Energy Auto founded Future Mobility a car start up that aimed to sell all electric fully autonomous premium cars by 2020 24 A Foxconn unit Foxconn Interconnect Technology acquired Belkin International for 866m on 26 March 2018 25 In July 2019 Foxconn appointed Liu Young Way as the new chairman of the Group which was then ranked 25th among Forbes Top 100 Digital Companies Soon afterward Foxconn led by Young Liu introduced its 3 3 Model for Transformation prioritizing the three key industries electric vehicles digital health and robotics industries The Group is also committed to developing artificial intelligence semiconductors and next generation communication technologies building blocks in the Group s technology strategy In 2020 Foxconn established Hon Hai Research Institute with five research centers each having an average of 40 high technology R amp D professionals all of whom are focused on the research and development of new technologies the strengthening of Foxconn s technology and product innovation pipeline efforts to support the Group s transformation from brawn to brains and the enhancement of the competitiveness of Foxconn s 3 3 strategy Foxconn s 2020 revenue was NT 5 36 trillion US 193 billion 26 Circuits Assembly magazine named Foxconn the largest electronics manufacturing services company in the world for the 14th straight year 27 On 5 February 2020 Foxconn started producing medical masks and clothing at its Shenzhen factory in China during the Chinese New Year and the height of the COVID 19 pandemic The company initially said the masks it makes would be for internal employee use The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 led to a worldwide spike in demand for masks resulting in global shortages 28 In a letter to employees Chairman Young Liu said I remember clearly how touching it was when Longhua Park produced our first mask at 4 41am on 5 February It was the simplest yet most important product Foxconn has ever made It not only supplied the group s need for epidemic prevention it also contributed to the general public and boosted the morale of the group All that resulted from our colleagues hard work Following almost a year of public controversy regarding its COVID 19 vaccine shortage 29 30 31 32 in June 2021 Taiwan agreed to allow founder Terry Gou through his Yongling Foundation charity 29 to join with contract chip maker TSMC and negotiate purchasing COVID 19 vaccines on its behalf 30 29 In July 2021 BioNTech s Chinese sales agent Fosun Pharma announced that Foxconn and TSMC had reached an agreement to purchase 10 million BioNTech COVID 19 vaccines from Germany for Taiwan 29 30 The two technology manufacturers pledged to each buy five million doses for up to 175 million 29 for donation to Taiwan s vaccination program 30 In 2020 Foxconn initiated MIH Alliance to create an open EV ecosystem that promotes collaboration in the mobility industry with more than 2 200 companies joining the open standard since its launch The company announced plans to become more involved as a contract assembler of EVs In the same year Foxconn partnered with Fiat Chrysler Automobiles N V and Yulon Group for a move into EVs Foxconn has been holding the Hon Hai Tech Day HHTD event since 2020 to showcase its latest achievements In HHTD21 Foxconn introduced for the first time three self developed EV models the Model C recreational vehicle the Model E sedan and the Model T electric bus In January 2021 Foxconn and Geely Holding Group signed a strategic cooperative agreement and will establish a joint venture company to provide OEM and customized consulting services relating to whole vehicles parts intelligent drive systems and automotive ecosystem platforms to global automotive enterprises and ridesharing companies In February 2021 it announced an agreement with EV startup Fisker Inc to jointly produce more than 250 000 vehicles a year In March 2021 Foxtron the JV company of Foxconn and Yulon announced cooperation with Nidec to strengthen the power on EV key component development In July 2021 Foxconn teamed up with CTBC Financial Holding Co Ltd to create a new fund targeting EV investments In June 2021 Foxconn invested T 995 2 million 36 million in Gigasolar Materials Corp to develop EV battery materials In September 2021 Foxconn collaborated with Thailand s state owned oil supplier PTT Public Co to invest US 1 2 billion in launching an EV joint venture in Thailand In the same month Foxconn and Gogoro formed a strategic technology and manufacturing partnership to introduce new levels of manufacturing capabilities and scale for Gogoro battery swapping technologies and Smart Scooters In October 2021 it agreed to purchase a former GM auto plant from Lordstown Motors and to purchase 50 million of the company s common stock Under the agreement Foxconn would use the plant to produce Lordstown s Endurance pickup truck Fisker vehicles would also be made at the same plant 33 In January 2022 Foxconn signed an MoU with the Indonesian Ministry of Investment BKPM IBC Indika and Gogoro to jointly develop a sustainable new energy ecosystem in Indonesia that focuses on electric batteries electric mobility and associated industries In May 2022 Foxconn announced the completion of the Lordstown Motors facility purchase and further signed a contract manufacturing agreement and a joint venture agreement with LMC for product development In mid 2021 Foxconn announced that the company will enter into more semiconductor production and will be expanding into supplying chips for electric vehicles EVs and electronics equipment used for healthcare 34 In May 2021 Foxconn and Yageo Group entered into a joint venture agreement to form XSemi Corporation XSemi to extend the businesses into the semiconductor industry including product development and sales Based in Hsinchu Taiwan XSemi aims to consolidate the strengths and resources of the two market leaders in addition to the upcoming multifaceted collaborations with leading semiconductor companies in product design process and capacity planning and sales channel In August 2021 Foxconn acquired a Macronix 6 inch Wafer Fab for US 90 8mn In February 2022 Foxconn formed a joint venture company with Vedanta Limited one of India s leading multinational groups to manufacture semiconductors in India Foxconn dropped out of the deal in July 2023 35 In April 2022 it was announced Foxconn had acquired the wireless telecommunications company arQana Technologies with the new organization being rebranded as iCana 36 Foxconn also announced a merger with the integrated circuit designing firm AchernarTek for an undisclosed amount The acquisition and consolidation will help Foxconn develop semiconductors for the automotive sector and 5G infrastructure 37 In September 2022 Foxtron the automotive division of Foxconn works with Luxgen to launch its first electric vehicle Luxgen n7 38 International operations editFoxconn has 137 campuses and offices in 24 countries and areas around the globe The majority of Foxconn s factories are located in East Asia with others in Brazil India Europe and Mexico 39 Mainland China edit nbsp One of the production floors in Foxconn factory at ShenzhenFoxconn has 12 factories in nine mainland Chinese cities more than in any other country 40 The largest Foxconn factory is located in Longhua Subdistrict Shenzhen where hundreds of thousands of workers varying counts include 230 000 39 300 000 41 and 450 000 42 are employed at the Longhua Science amp Technology Park a walled campus 8 sometimes referred to as Foxconn City 43 Covering about 3 km2 1 2 sq mi 44 the park includes 15 factories 43 worker dormitories four swimming pools 45 fire brigade 8 own television network Foxconn TV 8 city centre with grocery store bank restaurants book store hospital 8 While some workers live in surrounding towns and villages others live and work inside the complex 46 a quarter of the employees live in the dormitories Another Foxconn factory city is located at Zhengzhou Technology Park in Zhengzhou Henan province where a reported 120 000 workers were employed as of 2012 47 later 200 000 workers were employed as of November 2022 48 The park produces the bulk of Apple s iPhone line and is sometimes referred to as iPhone City 49 Foxconn s future expansion include sites at Wuhan in Hubei province Kunshan in Jiangsu province Tianjin Beijing Huizhou and Guangzhou in Guangdong province China 40 A Foxconn branch that primarily manufactures Apple products is Hongfujin On 25 May 2016 the BBC reported that Foxconn replaced 60 000 employees because it had automated many of the manufacturing tasks associated with their operations The organization later confirmed those claims 50 In July 2021 the Henan floods hit the world s biggest Apple iPhone assembly plant in Zhengzhou but production was not affected 51 On 21 October 2022 and in response to a Covid outbreak at Zhengzhou Technology Park Foxconn imposed restrictions on its iPhone assembly plant with dine in meal facilities closed 52 53 On 31 October 2022 after policies intended to control a Covid outbreak prevented workers from leaving the complex many workers jumped the fence in order to escape 54 On 2 November 2022 the government imposed the lockdown to the Zhengzhou Airport Economy Zone where the Foxconn factory is situated 55 On November 23 workers clashed with law enforcement over the harsh COVID restrictions and claims that Foxconn failed to provide the salary packages that were promised to new hires Videos circulated on Chinese social media depicting law enforcement beating protesting workers as well as large crowds of workers fighting back law enforcement 56 57 Brazil edit All company facilities in South America are located in Brazil 58 and these include mobile phone factories in Manaus and Indaiatuba as well as production bases in Jundiai Sorocaba and Santa Rita do Sapucai 59 The company is considering further investments in Brazil 60 Europe edit Foxconn has factories in Hungary 61 Slovakia 60 and the Czech Republic 62 As of 2011 it is the second largest exporter in the Czech Republic 62 India edit As of early 2015 Foxconn had tied up with Sony for manufacturing their televisions and selling it all over India Hence they started a new plant called Competition Team Technology India Private Limited in Irungattukottai near Poonamallee Chennai which was later moved to Oragadam Kanchipuram in 2019 As of mid 2015 Foxconn was in talks to manufacture Apple s iPhone in India 63 In 2015 Foxconn announced that it would be setting up twelve factories in India and would create around one million jobs 64 It also discussed its intent to work with the Adani Group for expansion in the country In August 2015 Foxconn invested in Snapdeal In September 2016 Foxconn started manufacturing products with Gionee 65 In 2017 Foxconn started the production of iPhones in Sriperumbudur near Chennai In April 2019 Foxconn reported that they are ready to mass produce newer iPhones in India 66 Its Chairman Terry Gou said that the manufacturing will take place in the southern city of Chennai 66 In September 2022 Foxconn signed a deal for a semiconductor plant in Gujarat with an investment of 21 billion by Vedanta Group 67 In July 2023 Foxconn made a decision to quit the project citing a number of issues with Vedanta Group as well as including external ones 68 In August 2023 during its annual meeting Foxconn reportedly stated that India at present accounts for more than 5 of the company s business and there is ample space for future investments 69 Foxconn has set a target to employ 2 million jobs and meet India s target of exporting mobile phones worth 10 billion both by 2030 To meet these targets as of September 2023 the company has three manufacturing plants under construction all in southern India a component and semiconductor plant near the company s existing plant in Chennai and two plants each in Bangalore near its airport and Hyderabad Kongara Kalan for making iPhones iPads iPods and AirPods All three plants are projected to be completed and begin operations by the end of 2024 They will together employ around 400 000 people in the first five years of their operations 70 71 72 In November 2023 Foxconn announced a 1 54 billion investment in India to help it fulfil operational needs 73 Japan edit Foxconn and Sharp Corporation jointly operate two manufacturing plants specializing in large screen televisions in Sakai Osaka In August 2012 it was reported that Sharp while doing corporate restructuring and downsizing was considering selling the plants to Foxconn The company was believed to be receptive to the plan The acquisition was completed with a 3 8 billion deal in August 2016 74 Malaysia edit nbsp Foxconn Technology Malaysia factory at Kulai MalaysiaAs of 2011 Foxconn had at least seven factories in the Johor state 75 at Kulai where it is developing an industrial park that includes four factories that comprise fully automated assembly lines as well as fully automated packaging lines 76 Mexico edit Foxconn has a facility in San Jeronimo Chihuahua that assembles computers 77 and two facilities in Juarez a former Motorola production base that manufactures mobile phones 78 and a set top box factory acquired from Cisco Systems 79 LCD televisions are also made in the country in Tijuana at a plant acquired from Sony 80 On June 2 2022 Foxconn announced that their Mexico based production plant had been hit by a ransomware attack in late May disrupting production The facility affected was located in Tijuana Baja California and specializes in the production of consumer electronics medical devices and industrial products 81 South Korea edit The company invested 377 million in June 2014 to pick up a 4 9 percent shareholding in a South Korean IT services provider SK C amp C 82 United States edit Further information Wisconn Valley Science and Technology Park Foxconn announced on 26 July 2017 that it would build a 10 billion TV manufacturing plant in southeastern Wisconsin and would initially employ 3 000 workers set to increase to 13 000 83 84 As part of the agreement Foxconn was set to receive subsidies ranging from 3 billion to 4 8 billion paid in increments if Foxconn met certain targets which would be by far the largest subsidy ever given to a foreign firm in U S history 85 86 87 88 Some estimate that Foxconn is expected to contribute 51 5 billion to Wisconsin s GDP over the next 15 years which is 3 4 billion annually 89 However numerous economists have also expressed skepticism that the benefits would exceed the costs of the deal 90 91 92 93 94 Others have noted that Foxconn has made similar claims about job creation in the past which did not come to fruition 85 87 95 Foxconn was also exempted by Governor Scott Walker from filing an environmental impact statement prompting criticism from environmentalists 96 The plant was estimated to contribute significantly to air pollution in the region 97 Environmentalists criticised the decision to allow Foxconn to draw 26 000 cubic metres 7 10 6 US gal of water per day from Lake Michigan 87 Given water concerns Foxconn is spending 30 million on zero liquid discharge technology 98 Foxconn is also required to replace wetlands at a higher ratio than other companies Foxconn must restore 2 acres of wetland for every 1 acre disturbed instead of the ratio of 1 2 to 1 for other companies 98 As of 4 October 2017 Foxconn agreed to locate their plant in Mount Pleasant Wisconsin 99 and broke ground for the plant 28 June 2018 President Trump was in attendance to promote American manufacturing 100 101 In January 2019 Foxconn said it was reconsidering its initial plans to manufacture LCD screens at the Wisconsin plant citing high labour costs in the United States 102 Under a new agreement announced in April 2021 Foxconn will reduce its planned investment to 672 million with 1 454 new jobs Tax credits available to the project were reduced to 8 million In October 2021 Lordstown Motors announced a 250 million deal to sell a former GM plant to Foxconn which would become a contract assembler for the company s Endurance pickup truck The deal was completed in May 2022 for a final price of 230 million 103 It was announced Foxconn would also invest 50 million into the company through a purchase of common stock 33 Major customers editThe following list consists of Foxconn s present or past major customers The list is provided in alphabetical order Their country of origin or base of operations is in parentheses North America edit Amazon com United States 9 Apple Inc United States 104 BlackBerry Ltd Canada 105 Cisco United States 106 Dell United States 107 Fisker Inc United States 108 Google United States 109 Hewlett Packard United States 110 InFocus United States Intel United States Microsoft United States 111 112 Motorola Mobility United States 107 Roku Inc United States 113 Vizio United States 114 Asia edit Acer Inc Taiwan 115 BBK Electronics China Huawei China 116 Lenovo China Nintendo Japan 117 Sega Japan Sony Japan 118 Toshiba Japan 119 Xiaomi China 120 Europe edit HMD Global under Nokia brand Finland 104 121 Subsidiaries editFIH Mobile edit FIH Mobile is a subsidiary of Foxconn offering services such as product development and after sales support It was incorporated in the tax haven of the Cayman Islands in 2000 122 On 18 May 2016 FIH Mobile announced the purchase of Microsoft Mobile s feature phone business Microsoft Mobile Vietnam is also part of the sale to FIH Mobile which consists of the Hanoi Vietnam manufacturing facility The rest of the business has been sold to a new Finland based company HMD Global which started developing and selling new Nokia branded devices in early 2017 123 124 The total sale to both companies amounted to US 350 million FIH Mobile is now manufacturing new Nokia branded devices developed by HMD 125 Foxtron edit Main article Foxtron Foxtron 鴻華先進科技 is a joint venture of Foxconn and Yulon Group founded in 2020 for vehicular manufacturing and research and development of electric vehicles 126 127 Foxlink Group edit Foxlink Group is a Foxconn affiliate 128 Shinfox Energy edit Shinfox Energy is a Foxlink Group subsidiary 128 Foxwell Power edit Foxwell Power is a subsidiary of Shinfox Energy Foxwell Power contracted with corporate great grandparent Foxconn to supply 2 36 million kWh of green electricity in 2022 128 Controversies editSee also Apple worker organizations Foxconn has been involved in several controversies relating to employee grievances or treatment Foxconn has more than a million employees 129 In China it employed more people than any other private company as of 2011 update 60 Working conditions edit Allegations of poor working conditions have been made on several occasions News reports highlight the long working hours 43 44 discrimination against mainland Chinese workers by their Taiwanese co workers 130 and lack of working relationships at the company 131 Although Foxconn was found to be compliant in the majority of areas when Apple Inc audited the maker of its iPods and iPhones in 2007 8 the audit did substantiate several of the allegations 132 In May 2010 Shanghaiist reported that security guards had been caught beating factory workers 133 In reaction to a spate of negative press particularly that involving worker suicides in which 14 people died 134 from January to May 2010 Steve Jobs defended Apple s relationship with the company in June 2010 citing that its Chinese partner is pretty nice and is not a sweatshop 135 Meanwhile however a report jointly produced by 20 universities in Hong Kong Taiwan and mainland China described Foxconn factories as labour camps 136 with widespread worker abuse and illegal overtime Concerns increased in early 2012 by an article published in The New York Times in October 2011 137 It reported evidence that substantiated some of the criticisms The 2012 audit commissioned by Apple Inc and performed by the Fair Labor Association found that workers were routinely subjected to inhumane bouts of overtime of up to 34 hours without a pay increase and suggested that debilitating workplace accidents and suicides may be common 138 139 A Hong Kong non profit organisation Students and Scholars Against Corporate Misbehaviour has written numerous negative reports on Foxconn s treatment of its employees such as in 2010 and 2011 140 These typically find far worse conditions than the 2012 Fair Labour Association audit did 141 but they rely on a far smaller number of employee informants circa 100 to 170 142 The Fair Labor Association audit in 2012 used interviews with 35 000 Foxconn employees 138 In January 2012 about 150 Foxconn employees threatened to commit a mass suicide in protest of their working conditions 143 One worker said the protest resulted from 600 workers being moved into a new unbearable factory location 144 In September 2012 a fight at worker dormitories in Taiyuan Shanxi where a guard allegedly was beating a worker escalated into a riot involving 2 000 people and was quelled by security 145 In October 2012 the company admitted that 14 year old children had worked for a short time at a facility in Yantai Shandong Province as part of an internship programme 146 in violation of the age limit of 16 for legal workers 146 Foxconn said that the workers had been brought in to help deal with a labor shortage and Xinhua quoted an official saying that 56 underage interns would be returned to their schools Reuters quoted Foxconn saying that 2 7 percent of its workforce in China were long or short term interns In response to the scrutiny Foxconn said it would cut overtime from the current 20 hours per week to less than nine hours a week 146 Also in October 2012 there was a crisis concerning an injured worker in which 26 year old Zhang Tingzhen 147 suffered an electric shock and fell in a factory accident 148 a year earlier His doctors did immediate surgery to remove part of his brain 149 after which he lost his memory and can neither speak walk 150 When his father attempted to get compensation in 2012 149 Reuters reported that Foxconn told the family to transport and submit him for a disability assessment in Huizhou 70 km away or it would cut off funding for his treatment 147 His doctors protested the move for fear of a brain haemorrhage en route 150 and the company stated that it was acting within labour laws 148 151 His family later sued Foxconn in 2012 and argued in court that Tingzhen had been summoned to the wrong city 147 In 2014 a court ruled that he had to be assessed in Huizhou to receive compensation with Foxconn offering a settlement for the father to recant his criticisms which was refused 149 In February 2015 Beijing News reported that an official with the All China Federation of Trade Union ACFTU Guo Jun said that Foxconn allegedly forced employees to work overtime resulting in occasional death by karōshi or suicide Jun also said that the illegal overtime resulted from a lack of investigation and light punishments Foxconn in return issued a statement questioning Guo s allegations arguing workers wanted to work overtime to earn more money 152 In November 2017 the Financial Times reported that it had found several students working 11 hour days at the iPhone X plant in Henan province violating the 40 hour per week mandate for children In response Foxconn announced that it has stopped the interns illegal overtime work at the factory in which 3 000 students had been hired that September 153 Since 2016 Foxconn has been replacing its workforce with robots which have replaced 50 of Foxconn s labor force in 2016 and there are plans for completely automated factories 154 In 2019 a report was issued by Taiwan News stating that some of Foxconn s managers had fraudulently used rejected parts to build iPhones 155 In late 2022 working conditions were exacerbated by Zero COVID policies leading to protests 156 157 158 Suicides edit Main article Foxconn suicides Suicides among Foxconn workers have attracted the media s attention 159 Among the first cases to attract attention in the press was the death of Sun Danyong a 25 year old man who committed suicide in July 2009 after reporting the loss of an iPhone 4 160 prototype in his possession 161 According to The Telegraph Danyong had been beaten by security guards 144 There was also a series of suicides speculatively linked to low pay in 2010 though employees also noted that Foxconn paid higher wages than similar jobs 159 In reaction to a spate of worker suicides in which 14 people died in 2010 134 Foxconn installed suicide prevention netting at the base of buildings in some facilities 162 and promised to offer substantially higher wages at its Shenzhen production bases 163 In 2011 Foxconn also hired the PR firm Burson Marsteller to help deal with the negative publicity from the suicides That year the nets seemed to help lower the death rate although at least four employees died by throwing themselves off buildings 144 In January 2012 there was a protest by workers about conditions in Wuhan with 150 workers threatening to commit mass suicide if factory conditions were not improved 144 In 2012 and into 2013 three young Foxconn employees were reported to have died by jumping off buildings 144 In January 2018 another suicide was reported by a factory worker after 31 year old Li Ming jumped to his death off a building in Zhengzhou where the iPhone X was being manufactured 144 The Wisconsin Valley Project edit Main article Wisconn Valley Science and Technology Park The project originally committed in 2017 to investing 10 billion and employing up to 13 000 workers but has now shrunk to 672 million with 1 454 jobs Food poisoning edit On 15 December 2021 256 workers at Foxconn s Sriperumbudur factory developed Acute Diarrhoeal Disease due to food poisoning after eating food at the company provided hostel As a result of which 159 workers were hospitalized 164 The workers were provided no information about this due to which a rumor started spreading among the workers through WhatsApp that two workers had died 165 By 17 December there were sit in protests in worker dormitories by 10 pm of the same day thousands of women workers of the factory staged protests on the Chennai Bengaluru national highway 166 this was met by police detention of 67 women protestors and arrest of one journalist with many of them being released a day later 167 Following the protests the factory was shut down for a week with the state government and district administration investigating the worker conditions On 22 December the Food Safety Department sealed the kitchen of the dormitory 168 finding rats and poor drainage The rooms provided to workers were overcrowded with them being forced to sleep on the floor some even lacking toilets with a running water supply 169 Following the revelation of substandard living conditions on 29 December Apple put the Foxconn plant on probation with both Apple and Foxconn issuing statements on the dormitory and dining rooms conditions 170 In January 2022 after assuring Apple and the Tamil Nadu government that it had taken the necessary corrective measures Foxconn began reopening its factory and resuming work in phases 171 172 Mobility in Harmony Consortium editThe Mobility in Harmony Consortium was created in 2020 by Foxconn to promote a set of open standards for electric vehicles 173 See also editPortals nbsp Taiwan nbsp Companies nbsp Telecommunication nbsp Electronics nbsp Technology 2010 Chinese labour unrest List of companies of Taiwan List of electronics companies Luxshare Pegatron WistronReferences edit a b c d e Foxconn Investor Relations website honhai com Archived from the original on 29 August 2023 Retrieved 28 June 2023 Foxconn annual report PDF honhai com Archived PDF from the original on 28 June 2023 Retrieved 28 June 2023 Foxconn aims to double jobs investment in India over next 12 months Reuters 17 September 2023 Retrieved 18 September 2023 How China Built iPhone City With Billions in Perks for Apple s Partner The New York Times 29 December 2016 Archived from the original on 11 January 2017 Retrieved 29 July 2017 Who is the world s biggest employer The answer might not be what you expect World Economic Forums 17 June 2015 Archived from the original on 24 August 2019 Retrieved 28 July 2017 Molina Brett 20 December 2013 BlackBerry shares surge 15 5 on Foxconn 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bad food crowded dorms Reuters Archived from the original on 18 July 2022 Retrieved 30 December 2021 Apple puts Foxconn s TN facility on probation after mass food poisoning Business Standard India Press Trust of India 29 December 2021 Archived from the original on 11 June 2022 Retrieved 30 December 2021 Hariharan Sindhu 10 January 2022 Foxconn brings back around 100 workers to its Sriperumbudur facility The Times of India Archived from the original on 19 August 2022 Retrieved 19 August 2022 foxconn Workers return to Foxconn s Chennai unit as it sets to reopen iPhone factory on January 12 The Economic Times m economictimes com Archived from the original on 19 August 2022 Retrieved 19 August 2022 MIH Consortium unveils open electronic vehicle software platform focustaiwan tw Focus Taiwan 20 October 2021 Archived from the original on 16 July 2022 Retrieved 16 July 2022 Further reading editBarboza David 18 February 2012 Foxconn Plans to Lift Pay Sharply at Factories in China The New York Times Duhigg Charles Barboza David 25 January 2012 Human Costs Are Built Into an iPad The New York Times Dzieza Josh 19 October 2020 The 8th Wonder of the World The Verge Kristof Nicholas D WuDunn Sheryl 24 September 2000 Two Cheers for Sweatshops The New York Times Ngai Pun and Jenny Chan Global capital the state and Chinese workers The Foxconn experience Modern China 38 4 2012 383 410 Weir Bill 21 February 2012 iFactory Inside Apple Nightline ABC TV External links edit nbsp Media related to Foxconn at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Foxconn amp oldid 1218360454, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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