fbpx
Wikipedia

Lenovo

Lenovo Group Limited, trading as Lenovo (/ləˈnv/ lə-NOH-voh, Chinese: 联想; pinyin: Liánxiǎng), is a Chinese-American [7] multinational technology company specializing in designing, manufacturing, and marketing consumer electronics, personal computers, software, business solutions, and related services.[4] Products manufactured by the company include desktop computers, laptops, tablet computers, smartphones, workstations, servers, supercomputers, data storage devices, IT management software, and smart televisions. Its best-known brands include its ThinkPad business line of laptop computers (acquired from IBM), the IdeaPad, Yoga, LOQ, and Legion consumer lines of laptop computers, and the IdeaCentre, LOQ, Legion, and ThinkCentre lines of desktop computers. As of 2024, Lenovo is the world's largest personal computer vendor by unit sales.[8][9]

Lenovo Group Limited
Logo since 2015
Headquarters in Haidian District, Beijing
Native name
联想集团有限公司
Liánxiǎng Jítuán Yǒuxiàn Gōngsī
Company typePublic
SEHK: 992
IndustryComputer hardware
Electronics
Founded1 November 1984; 39 years ago (1984-11-01) (as Legend 联想)
Beijing
Founder
Headquarters
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Yang Yuanqing (Chairman & CEO)
Products
Revenue US$71.618 billion (2022)[5]
US$3.081 billion (2022)[5]
US$2.145 billion (2022)[5]
Total assets US$44.51 billion (2022)[5]
Total equity US$5.395 billion (2022)[5]
Number of employees
~75,000 (2022)[5]
Subsidiaries
Websitewww.lenovo.com.cn

Lenovo has operations in over 60 countries and sells its products in around 180+ countries.[citation needed] It was incorporated in Hong Kong,[1] with global headquarters in Beijing, and Morrisville, North Carolina, United States.[2][3] It has research centres in Beijing, Chengdu, Yamato (Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan), Singapore, Shanghai, Shenzhen, and Morrisville,[4] and also has Lenovo NEC Holdings, a joint venture with NEC that produces personal computers for the Japanese market.

History edit

1984–1993: Founding and early history edit

Lenovo was founded in Beijing on 1 November 1984 as Legend by a team of engineers led by Liu Chuanzhi and Danny Lui. Initially specializing in televisions, the company migrated towards manufacturing and marketing computers.

 
In 1984, Lenovo was founded in Beijing by a team of 4 guards in a shack from the Institute of Computing Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), led by Liu Chuanzhi.[10]

Liu Chuanzhi and his group of ten experienced engineers, teaming up with Danny Lui,[11] officially founded Lenovo in Beijing on November 1, 1984, with 200,000 yuan.[10][12] The Chinese government approved Lenovo's incorporation on the same day. Jia Xufu (贾续福), one of the founders of Lenovo, indicated that the first meeting in preparation for starting the company was held on October 17 the same year. Eleven people, the entirety of the initial staff, attended. Each of the founders was a member of the Institute of Computing Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). The 200,000 yuan used as start-up capital was approved by Zeng Maochao (曾茂朝). The name for the company agreed upon at this meeting was the Chinese Academy of Sciences Computer Technology Research Institute New Technology Development Company.[10] Lenovo has increasingly diversified from the personal computer market and made a number of corporate acquisitions, with the most notable being acquiring and integrating most of IBM's personal computer business and its x86-based server business as well as creating its own smartphone.[13]

The organizational structure of the company was established in 1985 after the Chinese New Year. It included technology, engineering, administrative, and office departments.[10] The group first attempted to import televisions but failed. It rebuilt itself as a company doing quality checks on computers. It also tried and failed to market a digital watch.[14]

In May 1988, Lenovo placed its first recruitment advertisement on the front page of the China Youth News. Such ads were quite rare in China at the time. Out of the 500 respondents, 280 were selected to take a written employment exam. 120 of these candidates were interviewed in person. Although interviewers initially only had the authority to hire 16 people, 58 were given offers. The new staff included 18 people with graduate degrees, 37 with undergraduate degrees, and three students with no university-level education. Yang Yuanqing, the current chairman and CEO of Lenovo, was among that group.[10]

Liu Chuanzhi received government permission to form a subsidiary in Hong Kong and to move there along with five other employees. Liu's father, already in Hong Kong along with Lui, furthered his son's ambitions through mentoring and facilitating loans. Liu moved to Hong Kong in 1988. To save money during this period, Liu and his co-workers walked instead of taking public transportation. To keep up appearances, they rented hotel rooms for meetings.[10]

In 1990, Lenovo started to manufacture and market computers using its own brand name.[14] Some of the company's early successes included the KT8920 mainframe computer.[10] It also developed a circuit board that allowed IBM-compatible personal computers to process Chinese characters.[14]

1994–1998: IPO, second offerings and bond sales edit

Lenovo (known at the time as Legend) became publicly traded after a 1994 Hong Kong IPO that raised nearly US$30 million[15] at HK$1.33 per share.[16] Prior to the IPO, many analysts were optimistic about Lenovo. On its first day of trading, the company's stock price hit a high of HK$2.07 and closed at HK$2.00 suggesting an initial under-valuing of the company. Proceeds from the offering were used to finance sales offices in Europe, North America and Australia, to expand and improve production and research and development, and to increase working capital.[10]

By 1996, Lenovo was the market leader in China and began selling its own laptop.[15] By 1998 it held 43 per cent of the domestic computer market share in China, selling approximately one million computers.[15]

Lenovo released its Tianxi (天禧) computer in 1998. Designed to make it easy for inexperienced Chinese consumers to use computers and access the internet, one of its most important features was a button that instantly connected users to the internet and opened the Web browser. It was co-branded with China Telecom and it was bundled with one year of Internet service. The Tianxi was released in 1998. It was the result of two years of research and development. It had a pastel-colored, shell-shaped case and a seven-port USB hub under its screen. As of 2000, the Tianxi was the best-selling computer in Chinese history. It sold more than 1,000,000 units in 2000 alone.[17]

1999–2010: IBM purchase and sale of smartphone division edit

 
The ThinkPad logo, as seen on the Lenovo ThinkPad X100e laptop computer. Lenovo purchased the ThinkPad line from IBM in 2005.

To fund its continued growth, Lenovo issued a secondary offering of 50 million shares on the Hong Kong market in March 2000 and raised about US$212 million.[10] It rebranded to the name Lenovo in 2003 and began making acquisitions to expand the company.[15]

Lenovo acquired IBM's personal computer business in 2005, including the ThinkPad laptop and ThinkCentre desktop lines.[18] Lenovo's acquisition of IBM's personal computer division accelerated access to foreign markets while improving Lenovo's branding and technology.[19] Lenovo paid US$1.25 billion for IBM's computer business and assumed an additional US$500 million of IBM's debt. This acquisition made Lenovo the third-largest computer maker worldwide by volume.[20] Lenovo's purchase of the Think line from IBM also led to the creation of the IBM/Lenovo partnership, which works together in the creation of Think-line of products sold by Lenovo.

On the purchase of IBM's personal computer division, Chuanzhi said in 2012: "We benefited in three ways from the IBM acquisition. We got the ThinkPad brand, IBM's more advanced PC manufacturing technology and the company's international resources, such as its global sales channels and operation teams. These three elements have shored up our sales revenue in the past several years."[20] The employees of the division, including those who developed ThinkPad laptops and Think Centre desktops, became employees of Lenovo.

Despite Lenovo acquiring the "Think" brand from IBM, IBM still plays a key indirect, background role in the design and production of the Think line of products. Today, IBM is responsible for overseeing servicing and repair centers, and is considered an authorized distributor and refurbisher of the Think line of products produced by Lenovo.[21]

IBM also acquired an 18.9% share of Lenovo in 2005 as part of Lenovo's purchase of IBM's personal computing division.[22] In the years following the deal, IBM sold their stake in Lenovo, with a final sale in 2011 completing their divestment.[23]

Mary Ma, Lenovo's chief financial officer from 1990 to 2007, was in charge of investor relations. Under her leadership, Lenovo successfully integrated Western-style accountability into its corporate culture. Lenovo's emphasis on transparency earned it a reputation for the best corporate governance among mainland Chinese firms. While Hong Kong-listed firms were only required to issue financial reports twice per year, Lenovo followed the international norm of issuing quarterly reports. Lenovo created an audit committee and a compensation committee with non-management directors. The company started roadshows twice per year to meet institutional investors. Ma organized the first-ever investor relations conference held in mainland China. The conference was held in Beijing in 2002 and televised on China Central Television (CCTV). Liu and Ma co-hosted the conference and both gave speeches on corporate governance.[10]

Lenovo sold its smartphone and tablet division in 2008 for US$100 million in order to focus on personal computers and then paid US$200 million to buy it back in November 2009.[24] As of 2009, the mobile division ranked third in terms of unit share in China's mobile handset market.[25] Lenovo invested CN¥100 million in a fund dedicated to providing seed funding for mobile application development for its LeGarden online app store. As of 2010, LeGarden had more than 1,000 programs available for the LePhone. At the same time, LeGarden counted 2,774 individual developers and 542 developer companies as members.[26]

2011–2013: Re-entering smartphone market and other ventures edit

 
The Lenovo Vibe X smartphone at a launch event, 2014

On January 27, 2011, Lenovo formed a joint venture to produce personal computers with Japanese electronics firm NEC. The companies said in a statement that they would establish a new company called Lenovo NEC Holdings, to be registered in the Netherlands. NEC received US$175 million in Lenovo stock. Lenovo was to own a 51% stake in the joint venture, while NEC would have 49%. Lenovo has a five-year option to expand its stake in the joint venture.[27]

This joint venture was intended to boost Lenovo's worldwide sales by expanding its presence in Japan, a key market for personal computers. NEC spun off its personal computer business into the joint venture. As of 2010, NEC controlled about 20% of Japan's market for personal computers while Lenovo had a 5% share. Lenovo and NEC also agreed to explore cooperating in other areas such as servers and tablet computers.[28]

Roderick Lappin, chairman of the Lenovo–NEC joint venture, told the press that the two companies will expand their co-operation to include the development of tablet computers.[29]

In June 2011, Lenovo announced that it planned to acquire control of Medion, a German electronics manufacturing company. Lenovo said the acquisition would double its share of the German computer market, making it the third-largest vendor by sales (after Acer and Hewlett-Packard). The deal, which closed in the third quarter of the same year, was claimed by The New York Times as "the first in which a Chinese company acquired a well-known German company."[30]

This acquisition will give Lenovo 14% of the German computer market. Gerd Brachmann, chairman of Medion, agreed to sell two-thirds of his 60 per cent stake in the company. He will be paid in cash for 80 per cent of the shares and will receive 20 per cent in Lenovo stock. That would give him about one per cent of Lenovo.[30]

In September 2012, Lenovo agreed to acquire the Brazil-based electronics company Digibras, which sells products under the brand-name CCE, for a base price of 300 million reales (US$148 million) in a combination of stock and cash. An additional payment of 400 million reales was made dependent upon performance benchmarks.[31][32] Prior to its acquisition of CCE, Lenovo already established a $30 million factory in Brazil, but Lenovo's management had felt that they needed a local partner to maximize regional growth. Lenovo cited their desire to take advantage of increased sales due to the 2014 World Cup that would be hosted by Brazil and the 2016 Summer Olympics and CCE's reputation for quality.[33] Following the acquisition, Lenovo announced that its subsequent acquisitions would be concentrated in software and services.[34]

 
The signing ceremony for the LenovoEMC joint venture, with Yang Yuanqing standing in the middle (fifth from the left) in the back row

In September 2012, Lenovo agreed to acquire the United States-based software company Stoneware, in its first software acquisition. The transaction was expected to close by the end of 2012; no financial details have been disclosed.[35][36] Lenovo said that the company was acquired in order to gain access to new technology and that Stoneware is not expected to significantly affect earnings. More specifically, Stoneware was acquired to further Lenovo's efforts to improve and expand its cloud-computing services. For the two years prior to its acquisition, Stoneware partnered with Lenovo to sell its software. During this period Stoneware's sales doubled. Stoneware was founded in 2000. As of September 2012, Stoneware is based in Carmel, Indiana and has 67 employees.[37][38]

Lenovo re-entered the smartphone market in 2012 and quickly became the largest vendor of smartphones in mainland China.[39] Entry into the smartphone market was paired with a change of strategy from "the one-size-fits-all" to a diverse portfolio of devices.[40] These changes were driven by the popularity of Apple's iPhone and Lenovo's desire to increase its market share in mainland China. Lenovo surpassed Apple Inc. to become the No. 2 provider of smartphones in the domestic Chinese market in 2012.[40] However, with approximately 100 smartphone brands sold in China, this only equated to a 10.4% market share.[40]

In May 2012, Lenovo announced an investment of US$793 million in the construction of a mobile phone manufacturing and R&D facility in Wuhan, Hubei.[41]

In 2013, Lenovo created a joint venture with EMC named Iomega.[42] The venture took over Iomega's business and rebranded all of Iomega's products under the LenovoEMC brand, and designed products for small and medium-sized businesses that could not afford enterprise-class data storage.[43][44][45] Lenovo has since retired all of the LenovoEMC products on their product page advising that the products are no longer available for purchase on lenovo.com.[46]

2014–present: Purchase of IBM server lines and other acquisitions edit

 
Corporate logo (1984–2003)
 
Corporate logo (2003–2015)
 
Corporate logo (2015–present)

IBM sold its x86-based server lines, including System x and Blade Center, to Lenovo in 2014.[47] Lenovo says it will gain access to more enterprise customers, improve its profit margins, and develop a closer relationship with Intel, the maker of most server processors, through its acquisition of IBM's x86-based server business.[48] On 1 October 2014, Lenovo closed its acquisition of IBM's server division, with the final price put at $2.1 billion.[49] Lenovo said this acquisition came in at a price lower than the previously announced $2.3 billion partially because of a change in the value of IBM inventories. The deal has been already approved by Europe and China. Per Forbes, the United States Department of Treasury Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS) was reportedly the last major hurdle for Lenovo, since the United States has the strictest policies. According to Timothy Prickett-Morgan from Enterprise Tech, the deal still awaits "approval of regulators in China, the European Commission, and Canada".[50]

After closing, Lenovo said that its goal was to become the world's largest maker of servers. Lenovo also announced plans to start integrating IBM's workforce.[51] The acquisition added about 6,500 new employees to Lenovo. Lenovo said that it has no immediate intent to cut jobs. Lenovo said that positions in research and development and customer-facing roles such as marketing would be "100% protected", but expected "rationalization" of its supply chain and procurement.[52]

 
Motorola Moto X

On 29 January 2014, Google announced it would sell Motorola Mobility to Lenovo for US$2.91 billion. As of February 2014, Google owned about 5.94% of Lenovo's stock. The deal included smartphone lines like the Moto X, Moto G, Droid Turbo, and the future Motorola Mobility product roadmap, while Google retained the Advanced Technologies & Projects unit and all but 2,000 of the company's patents.[53] Lenovo received royalty free licenses to all the patents retained by Google.[54] Lenovo received approval from the European Union for its acquisition of Motorola in June 2014.[55] The acquisition was completed on 30 October 2014. Motorola Mobility remained headquartered in Chicago, and continued to use the Motorola brand, but Liu Jun, president of Lenovo's mobile device business, became the head of the company.[56][57]

In April 2014, Lenovo purchased a portfolio of patents from NEC related to mobile technology. These included over 3,800 patent families in countries around the world. The purchase included standards-essential patents for 3G and LTE cellular technologies and other patents related to smartphones and tablets.[58]

In May 2015, Lenovo revealed a new logo at Lenovo Tech World in Beijing, with the slogan "Innovation Never Stands Still" (Chinese: 创新无止境). Lenovo's new logo, created by Saatchi, can be changed by its advertising agencies and sales partners, within restrictions, to fit the context. It has a lounging "e" and is surrounded by a box that can be changed to use a relevant scene, solid color, or photograph. Lenovo's Chief Marketing Officer David Roman said, "When we first started looking at it, it wasn't about just a change in typography or the look of the logo. We asked 'If we really are a net-driven, customer-centric company, what should the logo look like?' We came up with the idea of a digital logo first [...] designed to be used on the internet and adaptable to context."[59]

In early June 2015, Lenovo announced plans to sell up to US$650 million in five-year bonds denominated in Chinese yuan. The bonds were sold in Hong Kong with coupon ranging from 4.95% to 5.05%. This is only the second sale of bonds in Lenovo's history. Financial commentators noted that Lenovo was paying a premium to list the bonds in yuan given relatively low costs for borrowing in US dollars.[60]

Lenovo said that its x86 servers will be available to all its channel partners. Lenovo plans to cut prices on x86 products in order to gain market share.[61] This goes in alliance with IBM's vision of the future around cloud technologies and their own POWER processor architecture.[62]

Lenovo's acquisition of IBM's businesses is arguably one of the greatest case studies on merging massive international enterprises. Though this acquisition in 2005 ultimately resulted in success, the integration of the businesses had a difficult and challenging beginning. Lenovo had employees from different cultures, different backgrounds, and different languages.[63] These differences caused misunderstandings, hampering trust and the ability to build a new corporate culture. At the end of its first two years, Lenovo Group had met many of its original challenges, including integrating two disparate cultures in the newly formed company, maintaining the Think brand image for quality and innovation, and improving supply chain and manufacturing efficiencies.[64] However, Lenovo had failed to meet a key objective of the merger: leveraging the combined strength of the two companies to grow volume and market share.[64] In order to achieve success, Lenovo embraced diversification at multiple levels- business model, culture, and talent. By 2015, Lenovo grew into the world's number 1 PC maker, number 3 smartphone manufacturer and number 3 in the production of tablet computers.[65]

In March 2017, Lenovo announced it was partnering with Fort Lauderdale, Florida-based software storage virtualization company DataCore to add DataCore's parallel I/O-processing software to Lenovo's storage devices.[66] The servers were reportedly designed to outperform Storage Area Network (SAN) SAN arrays.[66]

In 2017, Lenovo formed a joint venture with Fujitsu and the Development Bank of Japan (DBJ).[67] In the joint venture, Fujitsu would sell Lenovo a 51% stake in Fujitsu Client Computing Limited. DBJ would acquire a 5% stake.

In September 2018, Lenovo and NetApp announced about strategic partnership and joint venture in China. As part of strategic partnership Lenovo started two new lines of storage systems: DM-Series and DE-Series. Both storage systems using Lenovo hardware and NetApp software: DM-Series using ONTAP OS and DE-Series SANtricity OS.

In 2018, Lenovo became the world's largest provider for the TOP500 supercomputers.[68]

In 2020, Lenovo became a preferred data center innovation provider for DreamWorks Animation starting with Trolls World Tour.

On 12 January 2021, Lenovo filed an application to issue Chinese depositary receipts, representing newly issued ordinary shares, and to list them on the Science and Technology Innovation Board of the Shanghai Stock Exchange.[69]

In April 2021, Lenovo was reorganized into three divisions: The Intelligent Devices Group for PCs, Smartphones, Smart Collaboration products, Augmented and Virtual Reality solutions and Internet of Things devices, the Infrastructure Solutions Group (formally known as Data Center Group) for smart infrastructure solutions, and the Solutions and Services Group focused on services and industry-specific products.[70] That year, the company hit $60 billion in annual revenues.[71][72]

On 8 October 2021, Lenovo withdrew its application to list on the Shanghai Stock Exchange just days after it had been accepted by the exchange, citing the possibility of the validity of financial information in its prospectus lapsing as the reason. The price of the company's shares on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange dropped by over 17% following the news, which was its biggest intraday decline in over a decade.[73][74]

Name edit

 
Lenovo advertisement at the Consumer Electronics Show, 2012

"Lenovo" is a portmanteau of "Le-" (from Legend) and "novo", Latin ablative for "new". The Chinese name (simplified Chinese: 联想; traditional Chinese: 聯想; pinyin: Liánxiǎng) means "association" (as in "association of ideas"), "associative thinking", or "connected thinking". It also implies creativity.[75] "Lianxiang" was first used to refer to a layout of Chinese typewriters in the 1950s organized into groups of common words and phrases rather than the standard dictionary layout.[76]

For the first 20 years of its existence, the company's English name was "Legend". In 2002, Yang Yuanqing decided to abandon the Legend English name to expand beyond the Chinese home market. "Legend" was already in use worldwide by many businesses whose products and services may or may not have to do with technology,[77] making it impossible to register in many jurisdictions outside China. In April 2003, the company publicly announced its new English name, "Lenovo", with an advertising campaign including huge billboards and primetime television ads. Lenovo spent 18 million RMB on an eight-week television advertising campaign. The billboards showed the Lenovo logo against blue sky with a slogan that read, "Transcendence depends on how you think." By the end of 2003, Lenovo had spent a total of 200 million RMB on rebranding.[10]

Products and services edit

Lenovo is a manufacturer of personal computers, smartphones, televisions, and wearable devices. Some of the company's earliest products included the KT8920 mainframe computer[10] and a circuit board that allowed IBM-compatible personal computers to process Chinese characters.[14] One of its first computers was the Tianxi (天禧), released in 1998 in the Chinese market. It became the best selling computer in Chinese history in 2000.[17]

Personal and business computing edit

Lenovo markets the ThinkPad, IdeaPad, Yoga, Legion and Xiaoxin (小新; Chinese market only) lines of laptops, as well as the IdeaCentre and ThinkCentre lines of desktops.[78] It expanded significantly in 2005 through its acquisition of IBM's personal computer business, including its ThinkPad and ThinkCentre lines. As of January 2013, shipments of THINK-branded computers have doubled since Lenovo's takeover of the brand, with profit margins thought to be above 5%.[79] Lenovo aggressively expanded the THINK brand away from traditional laptop computers in favor of tablets and hybrid devices such as the ThinkPad Tablet 2, ThinkPad Yoga, ThinkPad 8, ThinkPad Helix, and ThinkPad Twist; the shift came as a response to the growing popularity of mobile devices, and the release of Windows 8 in October 2012. Lenovo achieved significant success with this high-value strategy and in 2013 controlled more than 40% of the market for Windows computers priced above $900 in the United States.[80]

ThinkPad edit

 
The first generation ThinkPad X1 Carbon from 2012 Ultrabook with extensive use of lightweight and durable carbon fibre technology[81][82]

The ThinkPad is a line of business-oriented laptop known for their boxy black design, modeled after a traditional Japanese bento.[83] The ThinkPad was originally an IBM product developed at the Yamato Facility in Japan by Arimasa Naitoh (内藤在正, Naitō Arimasa);[84] they have since been developed, manufactured and sold by both IBM and Lenovo after early 2005, following its acquisition of IBM's personal computer division. The ThinkPad has been used in space and was the only laptop model certified for use on the International Space Station until 2016.[85][86]

ThinkCentre edit

The ThinkCentre is a line of business-oriented desktop computers which was introduced in 2003 by IBM and since has been produced and sold by Lenovo since 2005.[87] ThinkCentre computers typically include mid-range to high-end processors, options for discrete graphics cards, and multi-monitor support. Similar to the ThinkPad line of computers, there have been budget lines of ThinkCentre branded computers in the past. Some examples of this include: M55e series, A50 series, M72 series. These "budget" lines are typically "thin clients" however, meaning they are not standalone computers, rather, they are access points to a central server.[88]

ThinkServer, followed by ThinkSystem edit

The ThinkServer product line began with the TS100 from Lenovo.[89] The server was developed under an agreement with IBM, by which Lenovo would produce single-socket and dual-socket servers based on IBM's xSeries technology.[89] An additional feature of the server design was a support package aimed at small businesses.[89] The focus of this support package was to provide small businesses with software tools to ease the process of server management and reduce dependence on IT support.[90]

On June 20, 2017, Lenovo's Data Center Group relaunched the ThinkServer product line as ThinkSystem,[91] which consisted of 17 new machine type models, in the catalog formate containing form factors such as Tower, 1U/2U, Blades, Dense and 4U Mission Critical Intel-based servers. Also within this relaunch contained a portfolio of Storage Arrays and of Fibre Channel SAN Switches and Directors. To further incorporate industry-leading partnerships into its portfolio, Lenovo struck an agreement with the processor company, AMD, to be able to supply customers with a choice of options between both Intel and AMD powered appliances. In August, 2019, the first two ThinkSystem platforms were introduced to the market containing a single AMD EPYC processor, the SR635 (1U) and the SR655 (2U).[92] Again, in May 2020, Lenovo DCG further expanded its AMD offerings to incorporate 2-proc systems, the SR645 and the SR665,[93] continuing tio exemplify its approach to being the Most Trusted Data Center Advisor in the market.[94]

ThinkStation edit

Lenovo ThinkStations are workstations designed for high-end computing. In 2008, IBM/Lenovo expanded the focus of its THINK brand to include workstations, with the ThinkStation S10 being the first model released.

ThinkVision edit

High-end monitors are marketed under the ThinkVision name. ThinkVision displays share a common design language with other THINK devices such as the ThinkPad line of laptop computers and ThinkCentre line of desktop computers. At the 2014 International CES, Lenovo announced the ThinkVision Pro2840m, a 28-inch 4K display aimed at professionals. Lenovo also announced another 28-inch 4K touch-enabled device running Android that can function as an all-in-one PC or an external display for other devices.[95]

At the 2016 International CES, Lenovo announced two displays with both USB-C and DisplayPort connectivity. The ThinkVision X24 Pro monitor is a 24-inch 1920 by 1080 pixel thin-bezel display that uses an IPS LCD panel. The ThinkVision X1 is a 27-inch 3840 by 2160 pixel thin-bezel display that uses a 10-bit panel with 99% coverage of the sRGB color gamut. The X24 includes a wireless charging base for mobile phones. The X1 is the first monitor to receive the TUV Eye-Comfort certification. Both monitors have HDMI 2.0 ports, support charging laptops, mobile phones, and other devices, and have Intel RealSense 3D cameras in order to support facial recognition. Both displays have dual-array microphones and 3-watt stereo speakers.[96]

IdeaPad edit

 
A Lenovo IdeaPad U350 at a launch event in Japan, 2009

The IdeaPad line of consumer-oriented laptops was introduced in January 2008. The IdeaPad is the result of Lenovo's own research and development; Unlike the ThinkPad line, its design and branding were not inherited from IBM nor are they designed/developed by IBM.

The IdeaPad's design language differs markedly from the ThinkPad and has a more consumer-focused look and feel.[97][98]

On September 21, 2016, Lenovo confirmed that their Yoga series is not meant to be compatible with Linux operating systems, that they know it is impossible to install Linux on some models, and that it is not supported.[99] This came in the wake of media coverage of problems that users were having while trying to install Ubuntu on several Yoga models, including the 900 ISK2, 900 ISK For Business, 900S, and 710, which were traced back to Lenovo disabling and removing support for the AHCI storage mode for the device's Solid State Drive in the computer's BIOS, in favor of a RAID mode that is only supported by Windows 10 drivers that come with the system.[100][101][102][103] Lenovo has since released an alternative firmware that has restored the AHCI mode to the drive controller to allow installation of Linux operating systems.[104][105]

IdeaCentre edit

All IdeaCentres are all-in-one machines, combining processor and monitor into a single unit.[106] The desktops were described by HotHardware as being "uniquely designed".[106] The first IdeaCentre desktop, the IdeaCentre K210, was announced by Lenovo on 30 June 2008.[107] While the IdeaCentre line consists only of desktops, it shares design elements and features with the IdeaPad line.[107] One such feature was Veriface facial recognition technology.[107]

At CES 2011, Lenovo announced the launch of four IdeaCentre desktops: the A320, B520, B320, and C205.[106] In the autumn of 2012, the firm introduced the more powerful IdeaCentre A720, with a 27-inch touchscreen display and running Windows 8.[108] With a TV tuner and HDMI in, the A720 can also serve as a multimedia hub or home theater PC.[109]

In 2013, Lenovo added a table computer to the IdeaCentre line. The Lenovo IdeaCentre Horizon, introduced at the 2013 Consumer Electronics Show is a 27-inch touchscreen computer designed to lay flat for simultaneous use by multiple people. Thanks to its use of Windows 8, the Horizon can also serve as a desktop computer when set upright.[110]

Legion edit

Legion is a series of laptops and tablets from Lenovo targeting gaming performance. The first Legion brand laptops was revealed at CES 2017, the Legion Y520 and the Legion Y720.[111] On June 6, 2017, a high-performance model, the Legion Y920, equipped with Intel's seventh-generation quad-core i7-7820HK and Nvidia GTX 1070 discrete graphics, was launched.[112][113]

At E3 2018, Lenovo announced three new laptops with new redesigned chassis, Y530, Y730 and Y7000.[114]

In 2020, Lenovo launched Legion 3, 5, and 7, where Legion 7 is the highest specification of the series.

In 2021, Lenovo launched Legion 5 pro with AMD 5th series CPU and Nvidia 30s GPU.[115]

Smartphones edit

 
The Lenovo ThinkPad Tablet 2 from front and back

As of January 2013, Lenovo only manufactured phones that use the Android operating system from Google. Numerous press reports indicated that Lenovo planned to release a phone running Windows Phone 8, According to J. D. Howard, a vice president at Lenovo's mobile division, the company would release a Windows Phone product if there is market demand.[116]

Lenovo has implemented an aggressive strategy to replace Samsung Electronics as Mainland China market's top smartphone vendor. It has spent $793.5 million in Wuhan in order to build a plant that can produce 30 to 40 million phones per year. Data from Analysys International shows that Lenovo experienced considerable growth in smartphone sales in China during 2012. Specifically, it saw its market share increase to 14.2% during 2012's third quarter, representing an increase when compared to 4.8% in the same quarter of 2011. IDC analysts said that Lenovo's success is due to its "aggressive ramping-up and improvements in channel partnerships". Analysys International analyst Wang Ying wrote, "Lenovo possesses an obvious advantage over rivals in terms of sales channels." The company's CEO, Yang Yuanqing, said, "Lenovo does not want to be the second player ... we want to be the best. Lenovo has the confidence to outperform Samsung and Apple, at least in the Chinese market."[117]

According to IHS iSuppli, Lenovo was a top-three smartphone maker in China with a 16.5% market share in the first quarter of 2012. According to a May report released by IDC Lenovo ranks fourth in the global tablet market by volume.[118] As of November 2012, Lenovo was the second largest seller of mobile phones in China when measured by volume.[39]

In May 2013, Lenovo CEO Yang Yuanqing indicated that the company had aimed to release smartphones in the United States within the next year. Later in October, Lenovo expressed interest in acquiring the Canadian smartphone maker BlackBerry Limited. However, its attempt was reportedly blocked by the Government of Canada, citing security concerns due to the use of BlackBerry devices by prominent members of the government. An official stated that "we have been pretty consistent that the message is Canada is open to foreign investment and investment from China in particular but not at the cost of compromising national security".[119][120]

In January 2014, Lenovo announced a proposed deal to acquire Motorola Mobility to bolster its plans for the U.S. market.[121] Microsoft officially announced that Lenovo had become the hardware partner of Windows Phone platform at the Mobile World Congress 2014.[122] In January 2016, Lenovo announced at CES that the company would be producing the first Tango phone.[123]

Lenovo plus Motorola was the 3rd largest producer of smartphones by volume in the world between 2011 and 2014.[124] Since Lenovo's acquisition of Motorola Mobility, the combined global market share of Lenovo plus Motorola has fallen from 7.2% in 2014 to 3.9% in the third quarter of 2016.[125][126] A number of factors have been cited as the cause of this reduced demand, including the fact that Lenovo relied heavily on carriers to sell its phones, its phones lacked strong branding and unique features to distinguish them in the competitive Chinese market where a weak economy and saturated market is slowing demand[127][128] and the culture clash between a more hierarchical PC company and the need to be nimble to sell rapidly-evolving smartphones.[129] In response to the weak sales, Lenovo announced in August 2015 that it would lay off 3,200 employees, mostly in its Motorola smartphone business.[130]

In the reorganization which followed, Lenovo was uncertain how to brand its Motorola smartphones. In November 2015, members of Lenovo management made statements that Lenovo would use the Motorola brand for all its smartphones.[131] Then, in January 2016, Lenovo announced that it would be eliminating the Motorola brand in favor of "Moto by Lenovo". The company reversed course in March 2017 and announced that the Motorola brand name would be used in all regions in future products. "In 2016, we just finished transforming ourselves," Motorola Chairman and President Aymar de Lencquesaing said in an interview, "We have clarity on how we present ourselves."[132]

Smart televisions edit

 
A Lenovo A30 TV set-top box

In November 2011, Lenovo said it would soon unveil a Smart TV product called LeTV, expected for release in the first quarter of 2012. "The PC, communications and TV industries are currently undergoing a "smart" transformation. In the future, users will have many smart devices and will desire an integrated experience of hardware, software and cloud services." Liu Jun, president of Lenovo's mobile-Internet and digital-home-business division.[133] In June 2013 Lenovo announced a partnership with Sharp to produce smart televisions. In March 2014, Lenovo announced that it projected smart television sales surpassing one million units for 2014. The same month Lenovo released its flagship S9 Smart TV.[134]

Wearables edit

 
The Lenovo Smartwatch on display at the 2015 Mobile World Congress

Rumors that Lenovo was developing a wearable device were confirmed in October 2014 after the company submitted a regulatory finding to the Federal Communications Commission. The device, branded a "Smartband", has a battery life of seven days. It has an optical heart-rate monitor and can be used to track distance and time spent running and calories burned. It can also notify the user of incoming calls and texts.[135] It can also unlock computers without the use of a password. The Smartband went on sale in October 2014. Lenovo started offering the device for sale on its website without a formal product announcement.[136]

IoT / Smart Home edit

In 2015 Lenovo launched a strategic cooperation with IngDan (硬蛋), a subsidiary of Chinese electronics e-commerce company Cogobuy Group, to penetrate into the intelligent hardware sector.[137]  Lenovo wanted to procure High-Tech hardware in the then newly emerging Internet of Things (IoT) economy[138] and formed a strategic partnership with Cogobuy in which it previously primarily bought IC components from.[139] Cogobuy's supply chain was utilised by Lenovo to procure consumer devices and bridge gaps in their proprietary hardware and software development.[140] At the IFA 2018, Lenovo launched several Home automation products.[141]

Lenovo Connect edit

At the Mobile World Congress in 2016, Lenovo introduced Lenovo Connect, a wireless roaming service. This service works across devices, networks, and borders for customers in China and EMEA (Europe, the Middle East and Africa). Lenovo Connect eliminates the need to buy new SIM cards when crossing borders. Lenovo Connect started service for phones and select ThinkPad laptops in China in February 2016.[142]

Operations edit

Lenovo's principal facilities are in Beijing, Singapore, and Morrisville, North Carolina, United States, with research centres in Beijing, Singapore, Morrisville, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Xiamen, Chengdu, Nanjing,[143] Wuhan[144] and Yamato (Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan).[145] Lenovo operates manufacturing facilities in Chengdu and Hefei in China, and in Japan. A 700-square-metre (7,500 sq ft) global flagship opened in Beijing in February 2013.[40]

 
The Lenovo R&D center in Shenzhen, Guangdong

Lenovo's manufacturing operations are a departure from the usual industry practice of outsourcing to contract manufacturers. Lenovo instead focuses on vertical integration in order to avoid excessive reliance on original equipment manufacturers and to keep down costs.[146] Speaking on this topic, Yang Yuanqing said, "Selling PCs is like selling fresh fruit. The speed of innovation is very fast, so you must know how to keep up with the pace, control inventory, to match supply with demand and handle very fast turnover." Lenovo benefited from its vertical integration after flooding affected hard-drive manufacturers in Thailand in 2011, as the company could continue manufacturing operations by shifting production towards products for which hard drives were still available.[147][148]

Lenovo began to emphasize vertical integration after a meeting in 2009 in which CEO Yang Yuanqing, and the head of Lenovo's supply chain, analyzed the costs versus the benefits of in-house manufacturing, and decided to make at least 50% of Lenovo's manufacturing in-house. Lenovo Chief Technology Officer George He said that vertical integration is having an important role in product development. He stated, "If you look at the industry trends, most innovations for" PCs, smartphones, tablets and smart TVs are related to innovation of key components—display, battery and storage. Differentiation of key parts is so important. So we started investing more ... and working very closely with key parts suppliers."[148] Previously, lack of integration due to numerous foreign acquisitions and an excessive number of "key performance indicators" (KPIs) was making Lenovo's expansion expensive and creating unacceptably slow delivery times to end-customers. Lenovo responded by reducing the number of KPIs from 150 to 5, offering intensive training to managers, and working to create a global Lenovo culture. Lenovo also doubled-down on vertical integration and manufacturing near target markets in order to cut costs at time when its competitors were making increased use of outsourcing off-shoring. By 2013, Lenovo ranked 20th on Gartner's list of top 50 supply chains, whereas in 2010 the company was unranked.[149]

In 2012, Lenovo partially moved production of its ThinkPad line of computers to Japan. ThinkPads will be produced by NEC in Yamagata Prefecture. Akemi Watanabe (渡辺朱美, Watanabe Akemi), president of Lenovo Japan, said, "As a Japanese, I am glad to see the return to domestic production and the goal is to realize full-scale production as this will improve our image and make the products more acceptable to Japanese customers."[148][150]

In October 2012, Lenovo announced that it would start assembling computers in Whitsett, North Carolina. Production of desktop and laptop computers, including the ThinkPad Helix began in January 2013. As of July 2013, 115 workers were employed at this facility. Lenovo has been in Whitsett since 2008, where it also has centers for logistics, customer service, and return processing.[151][152]

In 2015, Lenovo and Hong Kong Cyberport Management Company Limited, a government-sponsored business park for technology firms, reached a deal to "jointly build a cloud service and product research and development center".[153] Lenovo's Asia Pacific data center will also be housed in Cyperport.[153]

Lenovo assembles smartphones in Chennai, India through a contract manufacturing agreement with Flex.[154][155] In November 2015, Lenovo announced that it would start manufacturing computers in Pondicherry.[156]

Accusations of slave labor by supplier edit

In August 2020, The Intercept reported that Lenovo imported about 258,000 laptops from the Chinese manufacturer Hefei Bitland Information Technology, a company, among others, accused by the Australian Strategic Policy Institute of using Uyghur forced labor. In July 2020, the United States Commerce Department added 11 companies, including Hefei Bitland, implicated in human rights abuses on the Entity List. Lenovo took some shipments out of the distribution, but other shipments were distributed to consumers.[157][158][159]

In late July, Lenovo informed its customers it had stopped manufacturing with Bitland and was moving production of related devices to other suppliers.[160]

Response to 2022 sanctions against Russia edit

During the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Lenovo reportedly suspended shipping to Russia on or before February 25, 2022, and, although it didn't confirm the suspension, faced a domestic backlash from Internet users in China.[161][162]

Corporate affairs edit

 
Lenovo's registered office is in Taikoo Place, Hong Kong.

Alongside Beijing, the company has operational centres in Lorong Chuan, Singapore, and Morrisville, North Carolina[163][164] (near Raleigh in the Research Triangle metropolitan area)[165] in the United States.[166] As of October 2012, the Morrisville facility has about 2,000 employees.[167] Lenovo identifies its facilities in Beijing, Singapore, and Morrisville as its "key location addresses",[168] where its principal operations occur.[163] The company's registered office is on the 23rd floor of the Lincoln House building of the Taikoo Place in Quarry Bay, Hong Kong.[169]

Previously the company's U.S. headquarters were in Purchase, Harrison, New York. About 70 people worked there. In 2006, Lenovo announced that it was consolidating its U.S. headquarters, a logistics facility in Boulder, Colorado, and a call center in Atlanta, to a new facility in Morrisville. The company received offers of over $11 million in incentive funds from the local Morrisville, North Carolina, area and from the State of North Carolina on the condition that the company employs about 2,200 people.[170] In early 2016, Lenovo carried out a comprehensive restructuring of its business units.[171]

Financials and market share edit

In the third quarter of 2020, Lenovo commands a leading market share of 25.7 per cent of all PCs sold in the world.[172]

In March 2013, Lenovo was included as a constituent stock in the Hang Seng Index. Lenovo replaced the unprofitable Aluminum Corporation of China Limited, a state-owned enterprise, on the list of 50 key companies on the Hong Kong stock exchange that constitute the Hang Seng Index.[173] The inclusion of Lenovo and Tencent, China's largest internet firm, significantly increased the weight of the technology sector on the index. Being added to the Hang Seng Index was a significant boon for Lenovo and its shareholders as it widened the pool of investors willing to purchase Lenovo's stock. For instance, index funds pegged to the Hang Seng and pension funds that consider index inclusion now have the opportunity to invest in Lenovo.[174] In November 2013 Lenovo reported that they had achieved double-digit market share in the United States for the first time.[175]

Ownership edit

In 2009, China Oceanwide Holdings Group, a private Investment company based in Beijing, bought 29% of Legend Holdings, the parent company of Lenovo, for ¥2.76 billion.[176] As of 31 March 2018, 65% of Lenovo stock was held by the general public, 29% by Legend Holdings, 5.8% by Yang Yuanqing, and 0.2% by other directors.[177]

Responding to claims that Lenovo is a state-owned enterprise, CEO Yang Yuanqing said, "Our company is a 100% market oriented company. Some people have said we are a state-owned enterprise. It's 100% not true. In 1984 the Chinese Academy of Sciences only invested $25,000 in our company. The purpose of the Chinese Academy of Sciences to invest in this company was that they wanted to commercialize their research results. The Chinese Academy of Sciences is a pure research entity in China, owned by the government. From this point, you could say we're different from state-owned enterprises. Secondly, after this investment, this company is run totally by the founders and management team. The government has never been involved in our daily operation, in important decisions, strategic direction, nomination of the CEO and top executives and financial management. Everything is done by our management team."[178]

As of 2014, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, owns 11.7% of Lenovo and IBM owns 37.8%.[179]

In early 2006, the U.S. State Department was harshly criticized for purchasing 16,000 computers from Lenovo. Critics argued that Lenovo was controlled by the Chinese government and a potential vehicle for espionage against the United States. Yang spoke out forcefully and publicly to defend Lenovo. He said, "We are not a government-controlled company." He pointed out that Lenovo pioneered China's transition to a market economy and that in the early 1990s had fought and beaten four state-owned enterprises that dominated the Chinese computer market. Those firms had the full backing of the state while Lenovo received no special treatment.[180] The State Department deal went through. Yang worried that fears about Lenovo's supposed connections to the Chinese government would be an ongoing issue in the United States. Yang worked to ease worries by communicating directly with Congress.

Yang dramatically increased his ownership stake by acquiring 797 million shares in 2011. As of June 2011, Yang owned an 8 per cent stake in Lenovo. He previously owned only 70 million shares. In a statement, Yang said, "While the transaction is a personal financial matter, I want to be very clear that my decision to make this investment is based on my strong belief in the company's very bright future. Our culture is built on commitment and ownership – we do what we say, and we own what we do. My decision to increase my holdings represents my steadfast belief in these principles."[181]

Corporate culture edit

Lenovo's senior executives rotate between the three head offices at Beijing, Singapore, and Morrisville, as well as Lenovo's research and development centre in Yamato, Japan.[79]

Leadership edit

Yang Yuanqing edit

 
Yang Yuanqing, Lenovo's Chairman and CEO

Yang Yuanqing is the chairman and chief executive officer of Lenovo. One of his major achievements was leading Lenovo to become the best-selling personal computer brand in China since 1997. In 2001, Bloomberg Businessweek named him one of Asia's rising stars in business.[182] Yang was president and CEO of Lenovo until 2004, when Lenovo closed its acquisition of IBM's PC division, after which Yang was succeeded as Lenovo CEO by IBM's Stephen M. Ward Jr. Ward was succeeded by William Amelio on 20 December 2005. In February 2009, Yang replaced Amelio as CEO and has served in that capacity ever since. Yang was chairman of Lenovo's board from 2004 to 2008, and returned as chairman in 2012 alongside his role as CEO.

In 2012, Yang received a $3 million bonus as a reward for record profits, which he in turn redistributed to about 10,000 of Lenovo's employees. According to Lenovo spokesman, Jeffrey Shafer, Yang felt that it would be the right thing to, "redirect [the money] to the employees as a real tangible gesture for what they done." Shafer also said that Yang, who owns about eight per cent of Lenovo's stock, "felt that he was rewarded well simply as the owner of the company".[183] The bonuses were mostly distributed among staff working in positions such as production and reception who received an average of CN¥2,000 or about US$314. This was almost equivalent to a monthly salary of an average worker in China.[184] Yang made a similar gift of US$3.25 million again in 2013.[185]

According to Lenovo's annual report, Yang earned US$14 million, including US$5.2 million in bonuses, during the fiscal year that ended in March 2012.[186]

In 2013, Barron's named Yang one of the "World's Best CEOs".[187]

Liu Chuanzhi edit

Liu Chuanzhi is the founder and former chairman of Lenovo. Liu was trained as an engineer at a military college and later went on to work at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Like many young people during the Cultural Revolution, Liu was denounced and sent to the countryside where he worked as a laborer on a rice farm. Liu claims Hewlett-Packard as a key source of inspiration. In an interview with The Economist he stated that "Our earliest and best teacher was Hewlett-Packard." For more than ten years, Lenovo was Hewlett-Packard's distributor in China.[188] In reference to Lenovo's later acquisition of IBM's personal computer unit Liu said, "I remember the first time I took part in a meeting of IBM agents. I was wearing an old business suit of my father's and I sat in the back row. Even in my dreams, I never imagined that one day we could buy the IBM PC business. It was unthinkable. Impossible."[14]

Board of directors edit

In early 2013, Lenovo announced the addition of Yahoo! founder Jerry Yang to its board.[189] Lenovo's CEO Yang Yuanqing said, "Jerry's appointment as an observer to our board furthers Lenovo's reputation as a transparent international company." Just prior to the appointment of Jerry Yang, Tudor Brown, the founder of British semiconductor design firm ARM, was also appointed to Lenovo's board. Speaking of both men Yang Yuanqing said, "We believe that they will add a great deal to our strategic thinking, long-term direction and, ultimately, our ability to achieve our aspirations in the PC plus era."

Marketing and sponsorships edit

In 2009, Lenovo became the first personal computer manufacturer to divide countries into emerging markets and mature markets. Lenovo then developed a different set of strategies for each category. Lenovo's competitors have widely adopted the same approach[20] In 2012, Lenovo made a major effort to expand its market share in developing economies such as Brazil and India through acquisitions and increased budgets for marketing and advertising.[79]

Celebrity sponsorships and endorsements edit

In October 2013, Lenovo announced that it had hired American actor Ashton Kutcher as a product engineer and spokesman. David Roman, Lenovo's chief marketing officer, said, "His partnership goes beyond traditional bounds by deeply integrating him into our organization as a product engineer. Ashton will help us break new ground by challenging assumptions, bringing a new perspective and contributing his technical expertise to Yoga Tablet and other devices."[190] Kobe Bryant became an official ambassador for Lenovo smartphones in China and Southeast Asia in early 2013.[191] Bryant appeared in a social campaign titled "The Everyday Kobe Challenge" for the launch of Lenovo IdeaPhone K900 in Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia and the Philippines in the same year.[192][193]

Sporting sponsorship edit

 
The 2008 Summer Olympics Torch was designed by Lenovo.

Lenovo was an official computer sponsor of the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, Italy, and the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. When asked about Lenovo's brand Yang Yuanqing said, "The Beijing Olympics were very good for brand awareness in countries like the US and Argentina, but not good enough."[194] The NFL has been a Lenovo customer since 2007. In July 2012, Lenovo and the National Football League (NFL) announced that Lenovo had become the NFL's "Official Laptop, Desktop and Workstation Sponsor." Lenovo said that this was its largest sponsorship deal ever in the United States. NFL stars Jerry Rice, DeAngelo Williams, and Torry Holt were on hand for the announcement and a celebration with 1,500 Lenovo employees. Lenovo's sponsorship will last at least three years.[195]

Lenovo also become technology partner for Ducati Corse in Grand Prix motorcycle racing since 2018. And for the 2021 MotoGP it will become main sponsor for the Bolognese.[196]

Lenovo is also an official partner of the NHL's Carolina Hurricanes who play in nearby Raleigh, North Carolina.

Lenovo and FC Internazionale, in 2019, have signed a multi-year sponsorship agreement that makes Lenovo the Global Technology Partner of the Nerazzurri company.[197] In May 2021, Lenovo and Motorola Mobility decided to celebrate with a limited edition of Motorola Razr totally customized and produced in 2021 numbered pieces, to honor Inter who won their 19th Scudetto.[198] In July 2021 there was the launch of the new Inter Home shirt for the 2021–22 season, they unveiled the introduction of Lenovo as a sponsor on the back of the shirt.[199]

Television, internet, and other media edit

Lenovo used a short-film entitled The Pursuit in its "For Those Who Do" campaign launched in 2011. The film depicted a mysterious young woman using the IdeaPad Yoga 13 to stay one-step-ahead of her evil pursuers. Martin Campbell, who previously worked on action movies and James Bond films such as GoldenEye and the remake of Casino Royale, shot this film. Lenovo was the first Chinese company to make use of such marketing techniques.[149]

In May 2015, Lenovo hosted its first ever "Tech World" conference in Beijing.[200] ZUK Mobile, a separate company formed by Lenovo in 2014, announced several products at Tech World, These included slim power banks, 3D printers that can print food such as chocolate, an outdoor sound box, and a Wi-Fi based control system for home automation.[200]

China edit

In its home market China, Lenovo has a vast distribution network designed to make sure that there is at least one shop selling Lenovo computers within 50 kilometers of nearly all consumers. Lenovo has also developed close relationships with its Chinese distributors, who are granted exclusive territories and only carry Lenovo products.[79]

As of July 2013, Lenovo believes that urbanization initiatives being pushed by former Premier Li Keqiang will allow it to sustain sales growth in China for the foreseeable future. Speaking at Lenovo's annual general meeting in Hong Kong in 2013, Yang Yuanqing said: "I believe urbanisation will help us further increase the overall [domestic] PC market." Yang also stressed the opportunity presented by the China's relatively low penetration rate of personal computers. Lenovo previously benefited from the Chinese government's rural subsidies, part of a wider economic stimulus initiative, designed to increase purchases of appliances and electronics. That program, which Lenovo joined in 2004, ended in 2011. Lenovo enjoys consistent price premiums over its traditional competitors in rural markets and a stronger local sales and service presence.[201]

India edit

Lenovo has gained significant market share in India through bulk orders to large companies and government agencies. For example, the government of Tamil Nadu ordered a million ThinkPads from IBM/Lenovo in 2012 and single-handedly made the firm a market leader. Lenovo distributes most of the personal computers it sells in India through five national distributors such as Ingram Micro and Redington.[202]

Given that most smartphones and tablets are sold to individuals Lenovo is pursuing a different strategy making use of many small state-centric distributors. Amar Babu, Lenovo's managing director for India, said, "To reach out to small towns and the hinterland, we have tied up with 40 regional distributors. We want our distributors to be exclusive to us. We will, in turn, ensure they have exclusive rights to distribute Lenovo products in their catchment area."[202] As of 2013, Lenovo had about 6,000 retailers selling smartphones and tablets in India. In February 2013, Lenovo established a relationship with Reliance Communications to sell smartphones. The smartphones carried by Reliance have dual-SIM capability and support both GSM and CDMA. Babu claims that the relative under penetration of smartphones in India represents an opportunity for Lenovo.[202]

Lenovo has assembled a team of senior managers familiar with the Indian market, launched mobile phones at all price points there, and worked on branding to build market share. As of February 2014, Lenovo claims that its sales of smartphones in India have been increasing 100% per quarter while the market is only growing 15–20% over the same period. Lenovo did marketing tests of its smartphones in November 2012 in Gujarat and some southern cities, where Lenovo already had a strong presence. Lenovo's strategy has been to create awareness, maintain a broad selection of phones at all price points, and develop distribution networks. Lenovo partnered with two national distributors and over 100 local distributors. As of February 2014, more than 7,000 retail outlets in India sold Lenovo smartphones. Lenovo has also partnered with HCL in order to set up 250 service centres in 110 cities.[203]

In India, Lenovo grants distributors exclusive territories but allows them to sell computers from other companies. Lenovo uses its close relationships with distributors to gain market intelligence and speed up product development.

Lenovo reported a year-on-year increase of about 951% in tablet sales in India for the first quarter of 2014. Canalys, a market research firm, said Lenovo took market share away from Apple and Samsung in the country.[204]

Africa edit

Lenovo first started doing business in South Africa, establishing a sales office, and then expanded to East African markets such as Kenya, Tanzania, Ethiopia, Uganda, and Rwanda. West Africa followed when Lenovo set-up a Nigerian legal office and then expanded to Ghana, Zimbabwe, Mozambique and Botswana.

According to Lenovo's general manager for Africa, Graham Braum, Lenovo's strategy is to put "great emphasis on products that sell well in Africa" and roll out "products alongside different African governments' rolling out of wireless technology". Products such as the Lenovo Yoga series are popular in Africa because of their long battery life, as many areas have unreliable electrical supply. Other popular products include the Lenovo netbooks, which were introduced in 2008.[205]

Lenovo picked Nigeria in 2013 to release its smartphone because unlike South Africa and other African countries, there is no requirement to partner with a local telecom firm to sell its phones.[206]

In the long term, according to Braum, "Lenovo in Africa will focus on continuing to consistently supply personal computer products and allow this market to grow, while moving into new territory such as mobile and enterprise."[205]

Singapore edit

Lenovo has had a presence in Singapore as early as its foundation, and with a focus on the Southeast Asia region, it is the location of one of Lenovo's three head offices.[207] Registered as Lenovo[208] (Singapore) Pte. Ltd., it is located at the New Tech Park in the Lorong Chuan district of the North-East Region of Singapore.[207][209]

United States edit

In the United States, Lenovo began the "For Those Who Do" marketing campaign in 2010, created by the ad agency Saatchi & Saatchi. It was part of Lenovo's first-ever global branding campaign, beyond its domestic market in China.[210] "For Those Who Do" was designed to appeal to young consumers in the 18- to 25-year-old demographic by stressing its utility to creative individuals that Lenovo's advertising refers to as "doers".[211] One of Lenovo's operational centers is located in North Carolina, United States. Lenovo also started manufacturing products in the United States in 2012.[212]

Goodweird edit

Lenovo launched a multi-year advertising campaign called "Goodweird" in the last half of 2015. Goodweird is designed to convey the idea that designs that seem strange initially often become familiar and widely accepted. The Goodweird campaign includes a video with famous images of early attempts to fly with the aid of homemade wings and a bicycle that transitions to a modern-day shot of a man soaring across mountains in a wingsuit before transitioning again to a shot of the Stealth Bomber. Lenovo worked with three agencies on Goodweird: London-based DLKW Low, We Are Social, and Blast Radius. Goodweird is part of Lenovo's wider strategy to appeal to millennials with an emphasis on design trendsetters. A portion of the funding for Goodweird is being directed to prominent YouTubers and Viners. BuzzFeed has been engaged to create relevant content.[213]

Security and privacy incidents edit

Superfish edit

In February 2015, Lenovo became the subject of controversy for having bundled software identified as malware on some of its laptops. The software, Superfish Visual Discovery, is a web browser add-on that injects Pricing advertising into search engine results pages. To intercept HTTPS-encrypted communications, the software also installed a self-signed public key certificate.[214][215] When the Superfish public-key cryptography was compromised, it was also discovered that the same private key was used across all installations of the software, leaving users vulnerable to security exploits utilizing the key.[216][217] Lenovo made between US$200,000 to 250,000 on its deal with Superfish.[218] In 2017 Lenovo agreed to pay US$3.5 million as part of a settlement with the US Federal Trade Commission.[219] and announced an apology to its customers and stock holders.

The head of Superfish responded to security concerns by saying the vulnerability was "inadvertently" introduced by Komodia, which built the application.[220] In response to the criticism, Lenovo detailed that it would cease further distribution and use of the Superfish software, and offered affected customers free six-month subscriptions to the McAfee LiveSafe software.[221] Lenovo issued a promise to reduce the amount of "Software bloat" it bundles with its Windows 10 devices, promising to only include Lenovo software, security software, drivers, and "certain applications customarily expected by users".[222] Salon tech writer David Auerbach compared the Superfish incident to the Sony DRM rootkit scandal, and argued that "installing Superfish is one of the most irresponsible mistakes an established tech company has ever made."[223]

Lenovo Service Engine edit

From October 2014 through June 2015, the UEFI firmware on certain Lenovo models had contained software known as "Lenovo Service Engine", which Lenovo says automatically sent non-identifiable system information to Lenovo the first time Windows is connected to the internet, and on laptops, automatically installs the Lenovo OneKey Optimizer program (software considered to be Software bloat) as well. This process occurs even on clean installations of Windows. It was found that this program had been automatically installed using a new feature in Windows 8, Windows Platform Binary Table, which allows executable files to be stored within UEFI firmware for execution on startup, and is meant to "allow critical software to persist even when the operating system has changed or been reinstalled in a "clean" configuration"; specifically, anti-theft security software. The software was discontinued after it was found that aspects of the software had security vulnerabilities, and did not comply with revised guidelines for appropriate usage of WPBT. On 31 July 2015, Lenovo released instructions and UEFI firmware updates meant to remove Lenovo Service Engine.[224][225][226]

Lenovo Customer Feedback program edit

At a third time in 2015, criticism arose that Lenovo might have installed software that looked suspicious on their commercial Think-PC lines. This was discovered by Computerworld writer Michael Horowitz, who had purchased several Think systems with the Customer Feedback program installed, which seemed to log usage data and metrics.[227] Further analysis by Horowitz revealed however that this was mostly harmless, as it was only logging the usage of some pre-installed Lenovo programs, and not the usage in general, and only if the user allowed the data to be collected. Horowitz also criticized other media for quoting his original article and saying that Lenovo preinstalled spyware, as he himself never used that term in this case and he also said that he does not consider the software he found to be spyware.[228]

Lenovo Accelerator edit

As of June 2016, a Duo Labs report stated that Lenovo was still installing bloatware, some of which leads to security vulnerabilities as soon as the user turns on their new PC.[229][230] Lenovo advised users to remove the offending app, "Lenovo Accelerator".[231] According to Lenovo, the app, designed to "speed up the loading" of Lenovo applications, created a man-in-the-middle security vulnerability.

U.S. Marine network security breach edit

In February 2021, Bloomberg Businessweek reported that U.S. investigators found in 2008 that military units in Iraq were using Lenovo laptops in which the hardware had been altered. According to a testimony from the case in 2010, "A large amount of Lenovo laptops were sold to the U.S. military that had a chip encrypted on the motherboard that would record all the data that was being inputted into that laptop and send it back to China". Lenovo was unaware of the testimony. The U.S. military did not inform the company of any security concerns. Spokeswoman Charlotte West stated, "As there have been no reports of any problems, we have no way to assess the allegations you cite or whether security concerns may have been triggered by third-party interference."[232]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b "Locations | Lenovo US". www.lenovo.com.
  2. ^ a b "Lenovo". Forbes. from the original on 16 September 2020. Retrieved 9 September 2020. Headquartered in Beijing, it's the world's largest PC vendor by unit sales and fourth biggest smartphone maker.
  3. ^ a b "Lenovo Group Ltd Hong Kong Listing". Bloomberg. from the original on 21 October 2020. Retrieved 9 September 2020. Address: No 6 Chuang Ye Road Shangdi Information Beijing, 100085 China
  4. ^ a b c "Locations – Lenovo US". Lenovo. from the original on 6 July 2020. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
  5. ^ a b c d e f Lenovo Group Limited Annual Report 2022 (PDF) (Report). Lenovo. Retrieved 26 May 2022.
  6. ^ "It's official: Motorola Mobility now belongs to Lenovo – CNET". cnet.com. from the original on 8 March 2017. Retrieved 25 December 2014.
  7. ^ Multiple sources:
    • Arthur, Charles (12 May 2018). "Lenovo, the Chinese giant that plays by the rules … and loses". The Guardian. from the original on 8 September 2020. Retrieved 5 September 2020.
    • Cahill, Kevin (1 July 2020). "Lenovo, top-of-the-world Chinese supercomputer supplier, sweeps all markets". Computer Weekly. from the original on 26 September 2020. Retrieved 9 September 2020.
    • Goh, Brenda (20 February 2020). "China's Lenovo confident of managing virus impact, reports strong third quarter". Reuters. from the original on 22 September 2020. Retrieved 9 September 2020.
    • "China's Lenovo Group first-quarter profit more than doubles, beats expectations". euronews. 9 December 2019. from the original on 26 November 2020. Retrieved 9 September 2020.
    • Schwankert, Steven (26 May 2006). "Is Lenovo a 'Chinese company'?". InfoWorld. from the original on 27 May 2019. Retrieved 9 September 2020.
  8. ^ "Canalys Newsroom – Global PC shipments pass 340 million in 2021 and 2022 is set to be even stronger".
  9. ^ "Gartner Says Worldwide PC Shipments Declined 5% in Fourth Quarter of 2021 but Grew Nearly 10% for the Year".
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Ling, Zhijun (2006). The Lenovo Affair. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-470-82193-0.
  11. ^ "DANNY LUI". Greater Good Radio – Leaders Inspiring Leaders. 22 July 2006. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
  12. ^ Chen, Wency (17 December 2019). "Lenovo founder Liu Chuanzhi set to retire". Nikkei Asia. from the original on 18 December 2019. Retrieved 9 November 2019.
  13. ^ "IBM and Lenovo – United States". www.ibm.com. 8 October 2012. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
  14. ^ a b c d e Dickie, Mure (1 January 2005). "China's High-Tech Hero". Chief Executive.
  15. ^ a b c d Greeben, Mark J.; Yip, George S.; Wei, Wei (15 March 2019). Pioneers, Hidden Champions, Changemakers, and Underdogs. MIT Press. ISBN 9780262352345. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
  16. ^ FAQ, Lenovo, 30 March 2022
  17. ^ a b Sima, Katherine (19 December 2005). "Lenovo's design strategy drives success". Plastics News. United States. from the original on 14 April 2015. Retrieved 7 April 2015.
  18. ^ Lemon, Sumner (2 May 2005). "Lenovo Completes Purchase of IBM's PC Unit". PC World. pcworld.com. from the original on 5 July 2012. Retrieved 19 June 2012.
  19. ^ Stephen, Craig (20 August 2012). . MarketWatch. Archived from the original on 22 August 2012. Retrieved 20 August 2012.
  20. ^ a b c Xiaoyan, Zhou (19 November 2012). "Lenovo, on top of the PC world". People's Daily. People's Daily Online. from the original on 7 May 2013. Retrieved 7 January 2013.
  21. ^ "IBM and Lenovo – United States". www.ibm.com. 8 October 2012. from the original on 5 December 2020. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
  22. ^ "IBM Investor relations — IR News and views | 01 May 2005 Lenovo completes acquisition of IBM". Ibm.com. from the original on 23 November 2009. Retrieved 7 January 2013.
  23. ^ Jönsson, Anette. "IBM sells remaining shares in Lenovo". FinanceAsia. Retrieved 30 October 2022.
  24. ^ Nuo, You; Ning, Yang (11 May 2010). "Lenovo to take on the big boys with LePhone". China Daily. from the original on 7 May 2013. Retrieved 28 February 2013.
  25. ^ (Press release). Lenovo. 27 November 2009. Archived from the original on 25 December 2010. Retrieved 30 December 2009.
  26. ^ "Lenovo bets on app projects to boost sales". South China Morning Post. 24 November 2010.
  27. ^ "NEC, Lenovo Form PC Joint Venture As NEC Posts Wider Loss". Fox Business. 27 January 2011. from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 10 January 2015.
  28. ^ Ranii, David (2 February 2011). "With NEC venture, Lenovo eyes Japan". Cary News (North Carolina).
  29. ^ "Lenovo, NEC to jointly develop tablets: Report". Reuters. 4 July 2012. from the original on 14 October 2014. Retrieved 9 October 2014.
  30. ^ a b Nicholson, Chris V. (2 June 2011). "Lenovo to Buy German PC Maker". The New York Times. from the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 20 September 2020.
  31. ^ "China's Lenovo to buy Brazilian electronics company CCE". Reuters. 5 September 2012. from the original on 17 September 2012. Retrieved 15 September 2012.
  32. ^ "Lenovo to acquire Brazil's biggest PC maker". EE Times. 5 September 2012. from the original on 31 October 2012. Retrieved 15 September 2012.
  33. ^ Mehta, Stephanie N. (5 September 2012). . Tech.fortune.cnn.com. Archived from the original on 15 January 2013. Retrieved 7 January 2013.
  34. ^ Yun, Liau (25 September 2012). "Lenovo to stop buying hardware companies". ZDNet. from the original on 10 November 2014. Retrieved 7 January 2013.
  35. ^ "Lenovo buys US-based Stoneware to strengthen its cloud computing services". The Next Web. from the original on 3 March 2021. Retrieved 18 September 2012.
  36. ^ . Lenovo. Archived from the original on 21 September 2012. Retrieved 18 September 2012.
  37. ^ Mozur, Paul (18 September 2012). "Lenovo Acquires U.S. Software Firm". The Wall Street Journal. from the original on 12 August 2017. Retrieved 12 July 2012.
  38. ^ . Bloomberg Businessweek. 18 September 2012. Archived from the original on 22 September 2012. Retrieved 12 July 2012.
  39. ^ a b "Lenovo Eying Growth in China Smartphone Sector". Taipei Times. CNA. 5 November 2012. taipeitimes.com. from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 19 November 2012.
  40. ^ a b c d Einhorn, Bruce (3 January 2013). . Bloomberg Businessweek. businessweek.com. Archived from the original on 21 January 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2013.
  41. ^ Lee, Melanie (6 May 2012). Chris Lewis (ed.). Lenovo to launch mobile devices facility in central China. Reuters. reuters.com. from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 7 May 2012.
  42. ^ "Lenovo and EMC Create LenovoEMC JV to Bring Network Attached Storage to SMBs and Distributed Enterprise Sites". 3 January 2013. from the original on 31 January 2021. Retrieved 26 January 2021.
  43. ^ Bradley, Tony; Bradley, PCWorld | About | Practical IT insight from Tony (11 January 2013). "Lenovo and EMC partner on storage for SMBs". PCWorld. from the original on 23 September 2020. Retrieved 26 January 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  44. ^ Hutchinson, Lee (3 January 2013). "Storage giant EMC unites with PC OEM Lenovo on new joint venture". Ars Technica. from the original on 31 January 2021. Retrieved 26 January 2021.
  45. ^ January 2013, Brad Chacos 11 (11 January 2013). "LenovoEMC Forms to Bring NAS Solutions to Businesses of All Sizes". LaptopMag. from the original on 3 February 2021. Retrieved 26 January 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  46. ^ "LenovoEMC Network Storage | Lenovo UK". www.lenovo.com. from the original on 15 July 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
  47. ^ Kunert, Paul (23 January 2014). "It was inevitable: Lenovo stumps up $2.3bn for IBM System x server biz". channelregister.co.uk. The Register. from the original on 24 January 2014. Retrieved 23 January 2014.
  48. ^ Kay, Roger. "How Lenovo Can Turn Liabilities Into Assets". Forbes. from the original on 29 May 2018. Retrieved 2 September 2017.
  49. ^ "Lenovo says $2.1 billion IBM x86 server deal to close on Wednesday" (Press release). Reuters. 29 September 2014. from the original on 17 November 2015. Retrieved 1 July 2017.
  50. ^ Moorhead, Patrick (26 June 2014). "IBM-Lenovo Server Agreement Basically A Done Deal". Forbes. from the original on 29 May 2018. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
  51. ^ Osawa, Juro (29 September 2014). "Lenovo Set to Close IBM Deal, Eyes Top Spot in Server Business". The Wall Street Journal. from the original on 4 October 2014. Retrieved 27 July 2017.
  52. ^ "Jobs cuts not ruled out as Lenovo swallows IBM's x86 server business". The Australian. from the original on 14 October 2014. Retrieved 6 October 2014.
  53. ^ "Lenovo CEO Vows To Turn Around Motorola in 6 Quarters – Mobile Tech on CIO Today". from the original on 5 March 2014. Retrieved 5 March 2014.
  54. ^ Bennett, Drake (17 May 2014). "China's Lenovo finds treasure in other companies' castoffs". SFGate. from the original on 21 May 2014. Retrieved 5 June 2014.
  55. ^ "European Union approves Lenovo's Google Motorola acquisition -TechWire Insider: Editor's Blog at WRAL TechWire". WRAL TechWire. from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 3 July 2014.
  56. ^ Warren, Tom (30 October 2014). "Motorola is now part of Lenovo". The Verge. from the original on 3 March 2021. Retrieved 30 October 2014.
  57. ^ "Lenovo Completes Motorola Acquisition". The Wall Street Journal. 30 October 2014. from the original on 2 November 2014. Retrieved 30 October 2014.(subscription required)
  58. ^ Osborne, Charlie. "Lenovo buys mobile, 3G, LTE technology patent portfolio". ZDNet. from the original on 12 November 2014. Retrieved 17 April 2020.
  59. ^ Snyder Bulik, Beth (28 May 2015). "Worldwide PC Leader Lenovo Rebrands For Post-PC World". Advertising Age. United States. from the original on 2 June 2015. Retrieved 8 June 2015.
  60. ^ Trivedi, Anjani (3 June 2015). "Lenovo Heats Up Hong Kong's Dim-Sum Bond Market". The Wall Street Journal. United States. from the original on 7 June 2015. Retrieved 8 June 2015.
  61. ^ Novinson, Michael (2 October 2014). "Lenovo President: X86 To Be Fully Integrated Into Business". CRN. from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 6 October 2014.
  62. ^ "IBM results show shift to AI and cloud business focus". ComputerWeekly. from the original on 6 June 2017. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
  63. ^ Mu-Hyun, Cho. "How Lenovo mixed eastern and western cultures to take a Chinese firm global – ZDNet". ZDNet. from the original on 30 March 2018. Retrieved 5 April 2018.
  64. ^ a b "Two Years After IBM PCD Deal, Lenovo Still Faces Challenges". www.gartner.com. from the original on 5 April 2018. Retrieved 5 April 2018.
  65. ^ . news.lenovo.com. Archived from the original on 5 April 2018. Retrieved 5 April 2018.
  66. ^ a b "Lenovo gets into server-based storage virtualization with DataCore". theregister.co.uk. 15 March 2017. from the original on 19 May 2017. Retrieved 26 May 2017.
  67. ^ "Fujitsu, Lenovo and DBJ form PC Joint Venture" 9 January 2018 at the Wayback Machine, Fujitsu Global, 02 November, 2017.
  68. ^ "Lenovo Attains Status as Largest Global Provider of TOP500 Supercomputers". Business Wire. 25 June 2018. from the original on 28 June 2018. Retrieved 27 June 2018.
  69. ^ Song, Jingli (13 January 2021). "World's largest PC vendor Lenovo to list on Shanghai Star Market". KrASIA. Retrieved 12 August 2022.
  70. ^ Alspach, Kyle (22 June 2021). "Lenovo Unveils Forthcoming Partner Program, Lenovo 360, To Unite PC And Data Center Businesses". CRN. Retrieved 9 April 2022.
  71. ^ Haranas, Mark (28 May 2021). "Lenovo PC Sales Soar 46 Percent, Annual Revenue Hits $60B". CRN. Retrieved 10 April 2022.
  72. ^ Chanthadavong, Aimee (27 May 2021). "Lenovo full-year revenue soars past $60 billion mark following 20% uplift". ZDNet. Retrieved 10 April 2022.
  73. ^ "Lenovo stock drops 17% after withdrawing Shanghai listing application". Reuters. 11 October 2021. Retrieved 12 August 2022.
  74. ^ Ouyang, Iris (9 October 2021). "Lenovo withdraws Star IPO in setback for China's tech centre stage". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 12 August 2022.
  75. ^ Crowell, Todd (2008). "Ever heard of Lenovo, Haier, CNOOC? You will". Christian Science Monitor (30–JUN–2005). from the original on 10 November 2014. Retrieved 21 October 2008.
  76. ^ Mullaney, Thomas S. (16 July 2018). "90,000 Characters on 1 Keyboard". Foreign Policy. from the original on 9 November 2020. Retrieved 25 April 2020.
  77. ^ "Free Trademark Search – Legend". Trademarkia.com. from the original on 5 April 2016. Retrieved 22 March 2016.
  78. ^ Fletcher, Owen; Tibken, Shara; Tadena, Nathalie (13 October 2011). "Lenovo passes Dell to become world's No 2 PC maker". MarketWatch. from the original on 16 October 2011. Retrieved 13 October 2011.
  79. ^ a b c d "From guard shack to global giant; Chinese industry". The Economist. 12 January 2013. from the original on 24 February 2014. Retrieved 5 February 2013.
  80. ^ Reisinger, Don (10 January 2013). "Lenovo chief: We're in the PC-plus, not post-PC era". CNET. from the original on 21 January 2013. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
  81. ^ Tracy, Phillip (27 September 2019). "Lenovo ThinkPad X1 Carbon Review". LaptopMag. from the original on 2 February 2021. Retrieved 4 December 2020.
  82. ^ Brant, Tom (21 August 2019). "Lenovo ThinkPad X1 Carbon". PCMag. from the original on 20 October 2020. Retrieved 4 December 2020.
  83. ^ . Archived from the original on 29 September 2011. Retrieved 3 October 2011.
  84. ^ Ohnesorge, Lauren. "Meet the "father of the ThinkPad" laptop". Triangle Business Journal. from the original on 3 March 2021. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
  85. ^ . Archived from the original on 20 July 2011.
  86. ^ . hp.com. Archived from the original on 2 September 2019. Retrieved 2 September 2019.
  87. ^ . Archived from the original on 13 April 2012. Retrieved 22 September 2011.
  88. ^ . Archived from the original on 14 February 2012. Retrieved 20 February 2012.
  89. ^ a b c Mitchell, Dave (7 November 2008). "Lenovo ThinkServer TS100 review". from the original on 20 August 2012. Retrieved 19 December 2011.
  90. ^ Hill, David (22 August 2008). . Archived from the original on 14 June 2011. Retrieved 19 December 2011.
  91. ^ "Future-Defined Data Center – June 20 Announcement > Lenovo Press". lenovopress.com. Retrieved 16 March 2021.
  92. ^ "What's New – New AMD-Based Servers > Lenovo Press". lenovopress.com. Retrieved 16 March 2021.
  93. ^ "Lenovo Provides Customers with an EPYC Choice in Data Center Servers". lenovoxperience. Retrieved 16 March 2021.
  94. ^ Haranas, Mark (14 May 2019). "Lenovo's Kevin Hooper: Our Vision Is To Be The 'Most Trusted Data Center Partner In The Industry'". CRN. Retrieved 16 March 2021.
  95. ^ Hiner, Jason (10 January 2014). "CES 2014: Lenovo talks up $799 4K monitor that works with existing computers". TechRepublic. from the original on 14 February 2014. Retrieved 7 February 2014.
  96. ^ Howse, Brett. "Lenovo Launches ThinkVision Displays With USB-C Docking At CES". from the original on 17 February 2016. Retrieved 17 February 2016.
  97. ^ "Lenovo IdeaPad Hands-On Roundup". from the original on 5 November 2013. Retrieved 3 October 2011. For starters, the design of the IdeaPads marks a significant change for Lenovo. Unlike the "all business" classic ThinkPad line that Lenovo inherited from IBM, the IdeaPads have a consumer-focused feel.
  98. ^ "Lenovo IdeaPad Hands-On Roundup". from the original on 5 November 2013. Retrieved 3 October 2011. The glossy screens feature a flush-mount bezel which makes the transition from LCD to keyboard look incredibly smooth.
  99. ^ . news.lenovo.com. Archived from the original on 26 September 2016. Retrieved 22 September 2016.
  100. ^ "Lenovo's Signature laptops refuse to install Linux". BBC News. 21 September 2016. from the original on 20 January 2019. Retrieved 22 September 2016.
  101. ^ "Lenovo confirms that Linux won't work on Yoga 900 and 900S laptops". VentureBeat. 22 September 2016. from the original on 17 September 2017. Retrieved 22 September 2016.
  102. ^ "Lenovo denies deliberately blocking Linux on Windows 10 PCs – TechRepublic". TechRepublic. 21 September 2016. from the original on 24 September 2016. Retrieved 22 September 2016.
  103. ^ Kingsley-Hughes, Adrian. "Lenovo reportedly blocking Linux on Windows 10 Signature Edition PCs (updated) | ZDNet". ZDNet. from the original on 3 January 2020. Retrieved 22 September 2016.
  104. ^ Martin, Alexander (28 October 2016). "Lenovo downward dogs with Yoga BIOS update supporting Linux installs". The Register. from the original on 25 June 2019. Retrieved 24 March 2019.
  105. ^ "(Linux Only) BIOS Update for Windows 10 (64-bit) – Yoga 900-13ISK2 – US". pcsupport.lenovo.com. from the original on 15 July 2019. Retrieved 24 March 2019.
  106. ^ a b c Willington, Ray (4 January 2011). . Archived from the original on 5 December 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2011.
  107. ^ a b c "Lenovo announces its first desktop, IdeaCentre K210". 30 June 2008. from the original on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2011.
  108. ^ Buskirk, Bob (8 November 2012). "Lenovo IdeaCentre A720 Review". from the original on 10 November 2012. Retrieved 19 November 2012.
  109. ^ "Lenovo IdeaCentre A720 Review". 8 November 2012. from the original on 17 February 2013. Retrieved 25 November 2012.
  110. ^ . msnNOW.com. 7 January 2013. Archived from the original on 17 February 2013. Retrieved 6 February 2013.
  111. ^ "Lenovo Legion Y720 and Y520 laptops launch for your gaming and VR needs". 3 January 2017. from the original on 27 October 2020. Retrieved 23 October 2020.
  112. ^ "Lenovo's Legion Y920 is a high-end gaming laptop (with a price to match)". 18 May 2017. from the original on 26 October 2020. Retrieved 23 October 2020.
  113. ^ "Lenovo's Legion Gets Bigger with Y920: 17-inch G-SYNC, Core i7-K, GTX 1070, TB3". from the original on 26 October 2020. Retrieved 23 October 2020.
  114. ^ "New Lenovo Legion Gaming PCs are Stylish on the Outside, Savage on the Inside". from the original on 26 October 2020. Retrieved 23 October 2020.
  115. ^ "Lenovo Legion 5 Pro review: Bargain for hardcore gamers". HT Tech. 10 November 2021. Retrieved 22 November 2021.
  116. ^ "Lenovo's Windows Phone 8 Plans In Full Force: First Device Out In 2013?". Mobile & apps. 11 January 2013. from the original on 13 January 2013. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
  117. ^ Islam, Zak (14 January 2013). "Lenovo Aims to Beat Samsung as China's Top Smartphone Maker". Tomshardware.com. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
  118. ^ Albanesius, Chloe (7 May 2012). "Lenovo Spending $800 Million to Boost Smartphones, Tablets". PCMag. from the original on 12 October 2012. Retrieved 7 May 2012.
  119. ^ "Lenovo's BlackBerry takeover was reportedly thwarted by the Canadian government". The Verge. 5 November 2013. from the original on 25 January 2014. Retrieved 30 January 2014.
  120. ^ "Lenovo wants to sell phones in the US within a year". The Verge. 26 May 2013. from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 30 January 2014.
  121. ^ "Google sells Motorola to Lenovo for $2.91 billion". The Verge. 29 January 2014. from the original on 4 October 2018. Retrieved 30 January 2014.
  122. ^ . Archived from the original on 23 February 2014. Retrieved 23 February 2014.
  123. ^ By author, outlet. "Lenovo Is Making The First Google Project Tango Phone 22 June 2017 at the Wayback Machine." 8 January 2016.
  124. ^ "How Samsung, Apple, Huaaei Lenovo, Xiaomi performed in 2015". telecomlead. 28 January 2016. from the original on 7 April 2016. Retrieved 11 June 2017.
  125. ^ . IDC. 27 January 2016. Archived from the original on 7 June 2017. Retrieved 11 June 2017.
  126. ^ "2016/17 Interim Report" (PDF). Lenovo Group Limited. (PDF) from the original on 6 May 2017. Retrieved 8 June 2017.
  127. ^ Kang, John (29 September 2016). "What Happened To Lenovo, Once A Top Chinese Smartphone Maker?". Forbes. from the original on 28 December 2016. Retrieved 11 June 2017.
  128. ^ Pletz, John (25 August 2015). "Lenovo's problem isn't Moto". Crain's Chicago Business. from the original on 3 March 2021. Retrieved 11 June 2017.
  129. ^ Savov, Vlad (17 May 2016). "Lenovo and Motorola are repeating the mistakes of HP and Palm". The Verge. from the original on 3 March 2021. Retrieved 11 June 2017.
  130. ^ Philipson, Graeme (14 August 2015). "Lenovo battles with Motorola problems, sacks 3200". ITWire. from the original on 19 February 2016. Retrieved 11 June 2017.
  131. ^ Benson, Matthew (24 November 2015). "(Updated) Report: Lenovo Mobile to be dissolved and sell all phones under the Motorola branding". Android Authority. from the original on 12 March 2017. Retrieved 11 June 2017.
  132. ^ Cheng, Roger (1 March 2017). "Moto Z, this is your mission: Make Motorola relevant again". CNET. from the original on 27 May 2017. Retrieved 11 June 2017.
  133. ^ Chao, Loretta; Fletcher, Owen (30 November 2011). "Lenovo Sets Web-Linked TV". The Wall Street Journal.
  134. ^ "Lenovo aims to sell 1m smart TVs". from the original on 8 April 2014. Retrieved 7 April 2014.
  135. ^ "Lenovo smartband has seven-day battery life". from the original on 8 October 2014. Retrieved 6 October 2014.
  136. ^ "Lenovo Smartband doesn't just track fitness, it unlocks your computer". CNET. CBS Interactive. 27 October 2014. from the original on 18 July 2020. Retrieved 20 February 2020.
  137. ^ MarketScreener (28 May 2015). "Cogobuy : Lenovo to Build Intelligent Hardware Ecosystem | MarketScreener". www.marketscreener.com. from the original on 21 January 2019. Retrieved 21 January 2019.
  138. ^ PYMNTS (1 June 2015). "Lenovo Urges Biz To Procure High-Tech Hardware". PYMNTS.com. from the original on 21 January 2019. Retrieved 21 January 2019.
  139. ^ Nona, Tepper (20 May 2016). "Sales surge 56% on Cogobuy's electronics marketplaces". Digital Commerce 360. from the original on 21 January 2019. Retrieved 21 January 2019.
  140. ^ . www.avaval.com. 29 May 2015. Archived from the original on 21 January 2019. Retrieved 21 January 2019.
  141. ^ Heater, Brian (30 August 2018). "Lenovo launches a bunch of smart home products". TC techcrunch. from the original on 5 September 2018. Retrieved 5 September 2018.
  142. ^ O'Donnell, Lindsey (21 February 2016). "Mobile World Congress 2016: 8 Breakthrough Products Lenovo Just Revealed". CRN. from the original on 8 March 2016. Retrieved 8 March 2016.
  143. ^ Yannan, Tuo (20 October 2012). "Lenovo snaps up former Motorola employees". China Daily. from the original on 1 February 2016. Retrieved 25 January 2016.
  144. ^ Russell, Jon (7 May 2012). "Lenovo Plans $800 Million Mobile Innovation Center in China". The Next Web. from the original on 6 September 2018. Retrieved 18 June 2018.
  145. ^ Locations 14 July 2010 at the Wayback Machine, Lenovo.com (US). Retrieved 22 October 2009.
  146. ^ "Lenovo to Build Production Base in Argentina". SinoCast Daily Business Beat. 19 December 2011.
  147. ^ "Lenovo seeks to build its brand". Warc. 10 July 2012. from the original on 2 November 2012. Retrieved 10 July 2012.
  148. ^ a b c Chao, Loretta (9 July 2012). "As Rivals Outsource, Lenovo Keeps Production In-House". The Wall Street Journal. from the original on 11 March 2016. Retrieved 12 July 2012.
  149. ^ a b Holstein, William J. (8 August 2014). "Lenovo Goes Global". strategy+business. from the original on 12 August 2014. Retrieved 12 August 2014.
  150. ^ Murariu, Constantin (5 July 2012). "Lenovo Moves ThinkPad Production Back to Japan". Softpedia. from the original on 9 July 2012. Retrieved 12 July 2012.
  151. ^ "Lenovo to open first U.S. manufacturing plant in N.C." Computerworld. 2 October 2012. from the original on 13 October 2012. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
  152. ^ Poe, Kelly (5 June 2013). "Lenovo cranks up Whitsett plant". News-Record.com. from the original on 3 March 2021. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
  153. ^ a b "Lenovo Group Will Build Development Center In Hong Kong's Cyberport". China Tech News. Asia Media Network. 9 February 2015. from the original on 17 March 2015. Retrieved 9 March 2015.
  154. ^ "Lenovo looking to double local production in India by next year: Report". Tech 2. India. 26 November 2015. from the original on 28 November 2015. Retrieved 1 December 2015.
  155. ^ "Lenovo to locally manufacture over 50% of its devices in 2016". IBNLive. from the original on 6 February 2016. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
  156. ^ "We will Make in India to sell in India: Yang Yuanqing". india Infoline News Service. India. 20 November 2015. from the original on 5 February 2016. Retrieved 6 November 2015.
  157. ^ Hvistendahl, Mara; Fang, Lee (21 August 2020). "Kids May Be Using Laptops Made With Forced Labor This Fall". The Intercept. from the original on 24 August 2020. Retrieved 24 August 2020.
  158. ^ Ruser, Vicky Xiuzhong Xu, Danielle Cave, James Leibold, Kelsey Munro, Nathan. "Uyghurs for sale". www.aspi.org.au. from the original on 24 August 2020. Retrieved 24 August 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  159. ^ "Commerce Department Adds Eleven Chinese Entities Implicated in Human Rights Abuses in Xinjiang to the Entity List". U.S. Department of Commerce. from the original on 21 July 2020. Retrieved 24 August 2020.
  160. ^ "U.S. faces back-to-school laptop shortage". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  161. ^ Li, Jane (2 March 2022). "China's tech giants face a domestic backlash for plans to exit from Russia". Quartz. Retrieved 1 July 2022.
  162. ^ Strumpf, Dan (5 June 2022). "Chinese Tech Giants Quietly Retreat from Doing Business with Russia". The Wall Street Journal. Among Chinese companies to halt shipments to Russia is Lenovo, the world's largest maker of personal computers and the No. 2 seller of the devices in Russia, behind HP Inc., last year.
  163. ^ a b "Locations". () Lenovo. Retrieved on 12 October 2012. "Executive Headquarters Morrisville 1009 Think Place Morrisville, NC 27560 USA"
  164. ^ "联系我们". () Lenovo. Retrieved on 12 October 2012. "行政总部 地址:1009 Think Place Morrisville, NC 27560 USA"
  165. ^ "Lenovo plans HQ in N.C." () Associated Press at the Charlotte Observer. Friday 17 March 2006. Retrieved on 12 October 2012.
  166. ^ McGregor, p. 204.
  167. ^ . The News & Observer. Raleigh, N.C. 10 October 2012. Archived from the original on 28 July 2013.
  168. ^ "Fact Sheet Mar 2012". () Lenovo. Retrieved on 12 October 2012.[dead link]
  169. ^ "2011/12 Annual Report Lenovo Group Limited". () Lenovo. p. 177. Retrieved on 12 October 2012. "REGISTERED OFFICE 23rd Floor, Lincoln House, Taikoo Place, 979 King's Road, Quarry Bay, Hong Kong"
  170. ^ Hogan, Patrick. "Lenovo shifting U.S. headquarters to Morrisville, but will cut 300–350 Triangle jobs". Triangle Business Journal. Thursday 16 March 2006. Updated Friday 17 March 2006. p.1 17 February 2013 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved on 12 October 2012.
  171. ^ Yin, Dave (21 March 2016). "Lenovo completely restructures major business units and senior leadership". CDN. from the original on 3 April 2016. Retrieved 11 April 2016.
  172. ^ "Gartner Says Worldwide PC Shipments Grew 10.7% in Fourth Quarter of 2020 and 4.8% for the Year". Gartner. 11 January 2021. from the original on 25 January 2021. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
  173. ^ "Lenovo added to Hang Seng index, Chalco out". reuters.com. 6 February 2013. from the original on 31 March 2017. Retrieved 30 March 2017.
  174. ^ "Lenovo shares at a high after blue-chip anointment". South China Morning Post. 8 February 2013. from the original on 31 March 2017. Retrieved 30 March 2017.
  175. ^ "Lenovo's Parker: Here's the secret to our growth". Triangle Business Journal. from the original on 29 April 2014. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  176. ^ Lee, Melanie (4 September 2009). "China Oceanwide buys Lenovo parent stake for $404 mln". Thomson-Reuters. from the original on 11 February 2021. Retrieved 1 July 2017.
  177. ^ "Financial Information – Fact Sheet". from the original on 6 September 2018. Retrieved 5 September 2018.
  178. ^ "Q&A; Chinese Computer Giant Showcases Capitalist Credentials; Chairman of Lenovo, which acquired IBM's PC unit, says the firm has few government ties". Los Angeles Times. 4 May 2006.
  179. ^ "How Lenovo Built a Chinese Tech Giant". The Wall Street Journal. 30 January 2014. 32.5% of 36% is 11.7%. from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 6 August 2020.
  180. ^ Hamm, Steve (20 April 2006). "Lenovo's Foreign Affairs". from the original on 11 February 2017. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  181. ^ Ranii, David (17 June 2011). "Lenovo CEO makes huge stock purchase". The News & Observer (Raleigh, North Carolina).
  182. ^ Hille, Kathrin (6 February 2009). "Lenovo chief replaced in reshuffle". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 6 May 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2009.
  183. ^ Little, Lyneka (23 July 2012). "CEO of Lenovo Gives $3 Million in Bonuses to Employees". ABC News. from the original on 3 March 2021. Retrieved 3 August 2012.
  184. ^ McGregor, Jena (25 July 2012). "Lenovo CEO Yang Yuanqing is sharing the wealth—literally". Washington Post. from the original on 31 July 2012. Retrieved 4 August 2012.
  185. ^ Fairchild, Caroline (2 September 2013). "CEO Shares $3.25 Million Bonus With Hourly Workers". Huffington Post. from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 20 February 2020.
  186. ^ Xu, CY; Park, Madison (25 July 2012). "CEO gives part of his bonus to employees". CNN. from the original on 7 May 2018. Retrieved 4 August 2012.
  187. ^ Bary, Andrew (25 March 2013). "Barron's Names World's Best CEOs - Barrons.com". Online.barrons.com. from the original on 2 October 2013. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
  188. ^ "Face value: Legend in the making". The Economist. 15 September 2001. from the original on 22 June 2012. Retrieved 6 February 2013.
  189. ^ Mozur, Paul; Kim, Yun-Hee (20 February 2013). "Jerry Yang Joins Lenovo Board as "Observer"". The Wall Street Journal. from the original on 20 October 2020. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
  190. ^ Ashton Kutcher joins Lenovo as product engineer 7 November 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Usatoday.com (2013-10-30). Retrieved on 2013-12-08.
  191. ^ Blue Focus (12 August 2013). "Lenovo Smartphone Launches its Major Branding Campaign by Allying with Kobe Bryant". PR Newswire. from the original on 13 March 2016. Retrieved 26 November 2020.
  192. ^ "Kobe Bryant promotes Lenovo's K900". Marketing Interactive. 17 September 2013. from the original on 23 September 2016. Retrieved 26 November 2020.
  193. ^ Pfanner, Eric (26 December 2013). "King of PCs, Lenovo Sets Smartphone Ambitions". The New York Times. from the original on 31 December 2013. Retrieved 27 February 2017.
  194. ^ Fran, Foo (6 April 2006). "The world according to Yang Yuanqing, Lenovo chief". The Australian. Retrieved 4 February 2013. Outside
  195. ^ Ranii, David (25 July 2012). "Lenovo becomes an NFL sponsor". News Observer. from the original on 7 October 2012. Retrieved 28 September 2012.
  196. ^ Carp, Sam (12 February 2021). "Ducati MotoGP team call up Lenovo as title sponsor". SportsPro. Retrieved 28 February 2021.
  197. ^ "With Lenovo tech, Inter keeps its brand at the top of the game". lenovo.com. Retrieved 26 June 2021.
  198. ^ "Motorola dedica all'Inter campione d'Italia un'esclusiva limited edition RAZR 5G" (in Italian). inter.it. 14 May 2021. Retrieved 26 June 2021.
  199. ^ "New chapter in the partnership between Inter and Lenovo". inter.it. 13 July 2021. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
  200. ^ a b Sacco, Dominic (6 June 2015). "Lenovo's new look, Smart Shoes and robot research – we look back on Tech World". PCR. United Kingdom. from the original on 7 June 2015. Retrieved 8 June 2015.
  201. ^ Hille, Kathrin (11 July 2013). "Lenovo optimistic about China's economy". Financial Times. FT.com. from the original on 3 March 2021. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
  202. ^ a b c "Can Lenovo protect its leadership in PCs & gain share in mobile, tablet businesses in India?". The Times Of India. 26 March 2013. from the original on 29 March 2013. Retrieved 5 April 2013.
  203. ^ Chowdhary, Sudhir (24 February 2014). "Lenovo creates a big mobile buzz". The Financial Express. from the original on 28 February 2014. Retrieved 5 March 2014.
  204. ^ "The tech business week: Lenovo to double Irish workforce, Duolog opens Texas offices". Silicon Republic. from the original on 7 June 2014. Retrieved 5 June 2014.
  205. ^ a b Dexing, Qin (13 February 2015). "Lenovo Expands to Africa". ECNS.com. from the original on 18 February 2015. Retrieved 9 March 2015.
  206. ^ Spillane, Chris (10 May 2013). "Lenovo Plans to Debut Africa Smartphone in Nigeria This Year". Bloomberg. from the original on 10 November 2014. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
  207. ^ a b "Locations | Lenovo Singapore". www.lenovo.com. Retrieved 16 February 2022. Address: 151 Lorong Chuan #02-01 New Tech Park Singapore 556741
  208. ^ In the past, Lenovo has maintained a strong presence in Singapore since its foundation. Over the years, its focus on the Southeast Asia region has led to the establishment of one of Lenovo's three head offices in Singapore. Previously known as Lenovo (Singapore) Pte. Ltd., the company operated from the New Tech Park in the Lorong Chuan district, situated in the North-East Region of Singapore. However, in the present, Lenovo continues to thrive and evolve in Singapore. The company remains committed to the Southeast Asia market and has expanded its operations and engagement in the region. The office, still registered as Lenovo (Singapore) Pte. Ltd., remains strategically located at the New Tech Park in the Lorong Chuan district. This location provides numerous advantages, such as access to key markets and a flourishing business environment in Singapore, which supports Lenovo's growth and success in the region. Throughout the years, Lenovo's presence in Singapore has transitioned from its early establishment to a dynamic and forward-looking operation. The company's commitment to the Southeast Asia market and its continued investment in Singapore reflect its recognition of the region's strategic importance and the opportunities it presents.
  209. ^ "Lenovo Singapore Pte Ltd". www.bloomberg.com. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
  210. ^ Salter, Chuck (22 November 2011). "Protect and Attack: Lenovo's New Strategy". Fast Company. from the original on 4 December 2013. Retrieved 1 December 2013.
  211. ^ Vega, Tanzina (28 April 2011). "Lenovo Aims a Campaign at the Apple Crowd". New York Times. from the original on 20 December 2013. Retrieved 1 December 2013.
  212. ^ "Lenovo to Start Manufacturing Computers in America". ABC News. from the original on 11 January 2020. Retrieved 17 April 2020.
  213. ^ Slefo, George (30 September 2015). "New Lenovo Campaign Plays Up Weird in the Good Way". Ad Age. United States. from the original on 7 October 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  214. ^ "Researchers: Lenovo laptops ship with adware that hijacks HTTPS connections". ZDNet. from the original on 20 May 2015. Retrieved 4 June 2015.
  215. ^ "Lenovo's security breakdown shows the danger of invisible systems". The Verge. 19 February 2015. from the original on 7 June 2015. Retrieved 4 June 2015.
  216. ^ Hern, Alex (19 February 2015). "Lenovo accused of compromising user security by installing adware on new PCs". The Guardian. from the original on 19 February 2015. Retrieved 19 February 2015.
  217. ^ Fox-Brewster, Thomas (19 February 2015). "How Lenovo's Superfish "Malware" Works And What You Can Do To Kill It". Forbes. from the original on 20 February 2015. Retrieved 20 February 2015.
  218. ^ Fox-Brewster, Thomas (27 February 2015). "Lenovo Only Made Up To $250,000 From Nightmare Superfish Deal, Say Sources". Forbes. from the original on 6 December 2017. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
  219. ^ Weise, Elizabeth (5 September 2017). "FTC settles with Lenovo over a built-in snooping software, $3.5 million fine". USA Today. from the original on 5 September 2017. Retrieved 5 September 2017.
  220. ^ "Superfish fallout: Lenovo to give away free McAfee LiveSafe security suite". Deccan Chronicle. 28 February 2015. from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 9 March 2015.
  221. ^ "Lenovo slipped "Superfish" malware into laptops". CNNMoney. 19 February 2015. from the original on 8 November 2020. Retrieved 19 February 2015.
  222. ^ "Lenovo Promises No More Bloatware Starting with Windows 10". Pcgamer. from the original on 8 June 2015. Retrieved 4 June 2015.
  223. ^ Auerbach, David (20 February 2015). "You Had One Job, Lenovo". Salon. from the original on 1 February 2016. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  224. ^ "Lenovo used Windows anti-theft feature to install persistent crapware". Ars Technica. Conde Nast. 12 August 2015. from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 22 September 2015.
  225. ^ Sanders, James (13 August 2015). "Windows and UEFI anti-theft mechanism makes systems less secure". TechRepublic. CBS Interactive. from the original on 10 September 2015. Retrieved 22 September 2015.
  226. ^ Newman, Jared (12 August 2015). "Lenovo's Service Engine marks yet another bloatware blunder for the company". PC World. IDG. from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 22 September 2015.
  227. ^ Horowitz, Michael (22 September 2015). "Lenovo collects usage data on ThinkPad, ThinkCentre and ThinkStation PCs". Computerworld. from the original on 29 October 2015. Retrieved 25 October 2015.
  228. ^ Horowitz, Michael (20 October 2015). "Trusting Lenovo". Computerworld. from the original on 22 October 2015. Retrieved 25 October 2015.
  229. ^ "Unbox your laptop, and say hello to security risks". from the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 25 September 2016.
  230. ^ "Out-of-Box Exploitation — A Security Analysis of OEM Updaters" (PDF). (PDF) from the original on 1 June 2016. Retrieved 26 September 2016.
  231. ^ "Lenovo Urges Windows 10 Users to Uninstall Dangerous Utility". 3 June 2016. from the original on 27 September 2016. Retrieved 26 September 2016.
  232. ^ Robertson, Jordan; Riley, Michael (12 February 2021). "The Long Hack: How China Exploited a U.S. Tech Supplier". Bloomberg Businessweek. Retrieved 17 February 2021.

Further reading edit

  • Ling, Zhijun (2005). The Lenovo affair: the growth of China's computer giant and its takeover of IBM-PC. trans. Martha Avery. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons [Asia]. ISBN 978-0-470-82193-0. Retrieved 16 September 2009.
  • Hamm, Steve (2008). The Race for Perfect: Inside the Quest to Design the Ultimate Portlable Computer. New York: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0071606103.

External links edit

  • Official Website

lenovo, group, limited, trading, chinese, 联想, pinyin, liánxiǎng, chinese, american, multinational, technology, company, specializing, designing, manufacturing, marketing, consumer, electronics, personal, computers, software, business, solutions, related, servi. Lenovo Group Limited trading as Lenovo l e ˈ n oʊ v oʊ le NOH voh Chinese 联想 pinyin Lianxiǎng is a Chinese American 7 multinational technology company specializing in designing manufacturing and marketing consumer electronics personal computers software business solutions and related services 4 Products manufactured by the company include desktop computers laptops tablet computers smartphones workstations servers supercomputers data storage devices IT management software and smart televisions Its best known brands include its ThinkPad business line of laptop computers acquired from IBM the IdeaPad Yoga LOQ and Legion consumer lines of laptop computers and the IdeaCentre LOQ Legion and ThinkCentre lines of desktop computers As of 2024 update Lenovo is the world s largest personal computer vendor by unit sales 8 9 Lenovo Group LimitedLogo since 2015Headquarters in Haidian District BeijingNative name联想集团有限公司Romanized nameLianxiǎng Jituan Yǒuxian GōngsiCompany typePublicTraded asSEHK 992IndustryComputer hardwareElectronicsFounded1 November 1984 39 years ago 1984 11 01 as Legend 联想 BeijingFounderLiu Chuanzhi Danny LuiHeadquartersHong Kong 1 registered office Beijing China 2 3 Operational headquarters Morrisville North Carolina United States 4 Operational headquarters Area servedWorldwideKey peopleYang Yuanqing Chairman amp CEO ProductsPersonal computerssmartphonesserverssupercomputersperipheralsprinterstelevisionsscannersstorage devicesRevenueUS 71 618 billion 2022 5 Operating incomeUS 3 081 billion 2022 5 Net incomeUS 2 145 billion 2022 5 Total assetsUS 44 51 billion 2022 5 Total equityUS 5 395 billion 2022 5 Number of employees 75 000 2022 5 SubsidiariesMotorola Mobility 6 MedionWebsitewww wbr lenovo wbr com wbr cnLenovo has operations in over 60 countries and sells its products in around 180 countries citation needed It was incorporated in Hong Kong 1 with global headquarters in Beijing and Morrisville North Carolina United States 2 3 It has research centres in Beijing Chengdu Yamato Kanagawa Prefecture Japan Singapore Shanghai Shenzhen and Morrisville 4 and also has Lenovo NEC Holdings a joint venture with NEC that produces personal computers for the Japanese market Contents 1 History 1 1 1984 1993 Founding and early history 1 2 1994 1998 IPO second offerings and bond sales 1 3 1999 2010 IBM purchase and sale of smartphone division 1 4 2011 2013 Re entering smartphone market and other ventures 1 5 2014 present Purchase of IBM server lines and other acquisitions 2 Name 3 Products and services 3 1 Personal and business computing 3 1 1 ThinkPad 3 1 2 ThinkCentre 3 1 3 ThinkServer followed by ThinkSystem 3 1 4 ThinkStation 3 1 5 ThinkVision 3 1 6 IdeaPad 3 1 7 IdeaCentre 3 1 8 Legion 3 2 Smartphones 3 3 Smart televisions 3 4 Wearables 3 5 IoT Smart Home 3 6 Lenovo Connect 4 Operations 4 1 Accusations of slave labor by supplier 4 2 Response to 2022 sanctions against Russia 5 Corporate affairs 5 1 Financials and market share 5 2 Ownership 5 3 Corporate culture 5 4 Leadership 5 4 1 Yang Yuanqing 5 4 2 Liu Chuanzhi 5 4 3 Board of directors 6 Marketing and sponsorships 6 1 Celebrity sponsorships and endorsements 6 2 Sporting sponsorship 6 3 Television internet and other media 6 4 China 6 5 India 6 6 Africa 6 7 Singapore 6 8 United States 6 9 Goodweird 7 Security and privacy incidents 7 1 Superfish 7 2 Lenovo Service Engine 7 3 Lenovo Customer Feedback program 7 4 Lenovo Accelerator 7 5 U S Marine network security breach 8 See also 9 References 10 Further reading 11 External linksHistory edit1984 1993 Founding and early history editLenovo was founded in Beijing on 1 November 1984 as Legend by a team of engineers led by Liu Chuanzhi and Danny Lui Initially specializing in televisions the company migrated towards manufacturing and marketing computers nbsp In 1984 Lenovo was founded in Beijing by a team of 4 guards in a shack from the Institute of Computing Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS led by Liu Chuanzhi 10 Liu Chuanzhi and his group of ten experienced engineers teaming up with Danny Lui 11 officially founded Lenovo in Beijing on November 1 1984 with 200 000 yuan 10 12 The Chinese government approved Lenovo s incorporation on the same day Jia Xufu 贾续福 one of the founders of Lenovo indicated that the first meeting in preparation for starting the company was held on October 17 the same year Eleven people the entirety of the initial staff attended Each of the founders was a member of the Institute of Computing Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS The 200 000 yuan used as start up capital was approved by Zeng Maochao 曾茂朝 The name for the company agreed upon at this meeting was the Chinese Academy of Sciences Computer Technology Research Institute New Technology Development Company 10 Lenovo has increasingly diversified from the personal computer market and made a number of corporate acquisitions with the most notable being acquiring and integrating most of IBM s personal computer business and its x86 based server business as well as creating its own smartphone 13 The organizational structure of the company was established in 1985 after the Chinese New Year It included technology engineering administrative and office departments 10 The group first attempted to import televisions but failed It rebuilt itself as a company doing quality checks on computers It also tried and failed to market a digital watch 14 In May 1988 Lenovo placed its first recruitment advertisement on the front page of the China Youth News Such ads were quite rare in China at the time Out of the 500 respondents 280 were selected to take a written employment exam 120 of these candidates were interviewed in person Although interviewers initially only had the authority to hire 16 people 58 were given offers The new staff included 18 people with graduate degrees 37 with undergraduate degrees and three students with no university level education Yang Yuanqing the current chairman and CEO of Lenovo was among that group 10 Liu Chuanzhi received government permission to form a subsidiary in Hong Kong and to move there along with five other employees Liu s father already in Hong Kong along with Lui furthered his son s ambitions through mentoring and facilitating loans Liu moved to Hong Kong in 1988 To save money during this period Liu and his co workers walked instead of taking public transportation To keep up appearances they rented hotel rooms for meetings 10 In 1990 Lenovo started to manufacture and market computers using its own brand name 14 Some of the company s early successes included the KT8920 mainframe computer 10 It also developed a circuit board that allowed IBM compatible personal computers to process Chinese characters 14 1994 1998 IPO second offerings and bond sales edit Lenovo known at the time as Legend became publicly traded after a 1994 Hong Kong IPO that raised nearly US 30 million 15 at HK 1 33 per share 16 Prior to the IPO many analysts were optimistic about Lenovo On its first day of trading the company s stock price hit a high of HK 2 07 and closed at HK 2 00 suggesting an initial under valuing of the company Proceeds from the offering were used to finance sales offices in Europe North America and Australia to expand and improve production and research and development and to increase working capital 10 By 1996 Lenovo was the market leader in China and began selling its own laptop 15 By 1998 it held 43 per cent of the domestic computer market share in China selling approximately one million computers 15 Lenovo released its Tianxi 天禧 computer in 1998 Designed to make it easy for inexperienced Chinese consumers to use computers and access the internet one of its most important features was a button that instantly connected users to the internet and opened the Web browser It was co branded with China Telecom and it was bundled with one year of Internet service The Tianxi was released in 1998 It was the result of two years of research and development It had a pastel colored shell shaped case and a seven port USB hub under its screen As of 2000 the Tianxi was the best selling computer in Chinese history It sold more than 1 000 000 units in 2000 alone 17 1999 2010 IBM purchase and sale of smartphone division edit nbsp The ThinkPad logo as seen on the Lenovo ThinkPad X100e laptop computer Lenovo purchased the ThinkPad line from IBM in 2005 Further information Acquisition of the IBM PC business by Lenovo To fund its continued growth Lenovo issued a secondary offering of 50 million shares on the Hong Kong market in March 2000 and raised about US 212 million 10 It rebranded to the name Lenovo in 2003 and began making acquisitions to expand the company 15 Lenovo acquired IBM s personal computer business in 2005 including the ThinkPad laptop and ThinkCentre desktop lines 18 Lenovo s acquisition of IBM s personal computer division accelerated access to foreign markets while improving Lenovo s branding and technology 19 Lenovo paid US 1 25 billion for IBM s computer business and assumed an additional US 500 million of IBM s debt This acquisition made Lenovo the third largest computer maker worldwide by volume 20 Lenovo s purchase of the Think line from IBM also led to the creation of the IBM Lenovo partnership which works together in the creation of Think line of products sold by Lenovo On the purchase of IBM s personal computer division Chuanzhi said in 2012 We benefited in three ways from the IBM acquisition We got the ThinkPad brand IBM s more advanced PC manufacturing technology and the company s international resources such as its global sales channels and operation teams These three elements have shored up our sales revenue in the past several years 20 The employees of the division including those who developed ThinkPad laptops and Think Centre desktops became employees of Lenovo Despite Lenovo acquiring the Think brand from IBM IBM still plays a key indirect background role in the design and production of the Think line of products Today IBM is responsible for overseeing servicing and repair centers and is considered an authorized distributor and refurbisher of the Think line of products produced by Lenovo 21 IBM also acquired an 18 9 share of Lenovo in 2005 as part of Lenovo s purchase of IBM s personal computing division 22 In the years following the deal IBM sold their stake in Lenovo with a final sale in 2011 completing their divestment 23 Mary Ma Lenovo s chief financial officer from 1990 to 2007 was in charge of investor relations Under her leadership Lenovo successfully integrated Western style accountability into its corporate culture Lenovo s emphasis on transparency earned it a reputation for the best corporate governance among mainland Chinese firms While Hong Kong listed firms were only required to issue financial reports twice per year Lenovo followed the international norm of issuing quarterly reports Lenovo created an audit committee and a compensation committee with non management directors The company started roadshows twice per year to meet institutional investors Ma organized the first ever investor relations conference held in mainland China The conference was held in Beijing in 2002 and televised on China Central Television CCTV Liu and Ma co hosted the conference and both gave speeches on corporate governance 10 Lenovo sold its smartphone and tablet division in 2008 for US 100 million in order to focus on personal computers and then paid US 200 million to buy it back in November 2009 24 As of 2009 update the mobile division ranked third in terms of unit share in China s mobile handset market 25 Lenovo invested CN 100 million in a fund dedicated to providing seed funding for mobile application development for its LeGarden online app store As of 2010 LeGarden had more than 1 000 programs available for the LePhone At the same time LeGarden counted 2 774 individual developers and 542 developer companies as members 26 2011 2013 Re entering smartphone market and other ventures edit nbsp The Lenovo Vibe X smartphone at a launch event 2014On January 27 2011 Lenovo formed a joint venture to produce personal computers with Japanese electronics firm NEC The companies said in a statement that they would establish a new company called Lenovo NEC Holdings to be registered in the Netherlands NEC received US 175 million in Lenovo stock Lenovo was to own a 51 stake in the joint venture while NEC would have 49 Lenovo has a five year option to expand its stake in the joint venture 27 This joint venture was intended to boost Lenovo s worldwide sales by expanding its presence in Japan a key market for personal computers NEC spun off its personal computer business into the joint venture As of 2010 NEC controlled about 20 of Japan s market for personal computers while Lenovo had a 5 share Lenovo and NEC also agreed to explore cooperating in other areas such as servers and tablet computers 28 Roderick Lappin chairman of the Lenovo NEC joint venture told the press that the two companies will expand their co operation to include the development of tablet computers 29 In June 2011 Lenovo announced that it planned to acquire control of Medion a German electronics manufacturing company Lenovo said the acquisition would double its share of the German computer market making it the third largest vendor by sales after Acer and Hewlett Packard The deal which closed in the third quarter of the same year was claimed by The New York Times as the first in which a Chinese company acquired a well known German company 30 This acquisition will give Lenovo 14 of the German computer market Gerd Brachmann chairman of Medion agreed to sell two thirds of his 60 per cent stake in the company He will be paid in cash for 80 per cent of the shares and will receive 20 per cent in Lenovo stock That would give him about one per cent of Lenovo 30 In September 2012 Lenovo agreed to acquire the Brazil based electronics company Digibras which sells products under the brand name CCE for a base price of 300 million reales US 148 million in a combination of stock and cash An additional payment of 400 million reales was made dependent upon performance benchmarks 31 32 Prior to its acquisition of CCE Lenovo already established a 30 million factory in Brazil but Lenovo s management had felt that they needed a local partner to maximize regional growth Lenovo cited their desire to take advantage of increased sales due to the 2014 World Cup that would be hosted by Brazil and the 2016 Summer Olympics and CCE s reputation for quality 33 Following the acquisition Lenovo announced that its subsequent acquisitions would be concentrated in software and services 34 nbsp The signing ceremony for the LenovoEMC joint venture with Yang Yuanqing standing in the middle fifth from the left in the back rowIn September 2012 Lenovo agreed to acquire the United States based software company Stoneware in its first software acquisition The transaction was expected to close by the end of 2012 no financial details have been disclosed 35 36 Lenovo said that the company was acquired in order to gain access to new technology and that Stoneware is not expected to significantly affect earnings More specifically Stoneware was acquired to further Lenovo s efforts to improve and expand its cloud computing services For the two years prior to its acquisition Stoneware partnered with Lenovo to sell its software During this period Stoneware s sales doubled Stoneware was founded in 2000 As of September 2012 Stoneware is based in Carmel Indiana and has 67 employees 37 38 Lenovo re entered the smartphone market in 2012 and quickly became the largest vendor of smartphones in mainland China 39 Entry into the smartphone market was paired with a change of strategy from the one size fits all to a diverse portfolio of devices 40 These changes were driven by the popularity of Apple s iPhone and Lenovo s desire to increase its market share in mainland China Lenovo surpassed Apple Inc to become the No 2 provider of smartphones in the domestic Chinese market in 2012 40 However with approximately 100 smartphone brands sold in China this only equated to a 10 4 market share 40 In May 2012 Lenovo announced an investment of US 793 million in the construction of a mobile phone manufacturing and R amp D facility in Wuhan Hubei 41 In 2013 Lenovo created a joint venture with EMC named Iomega 42 The venture took over Iomega s business and rebranded all of Iomega s products under the LenovoEMC brand and designed products for small and medium sized businesses that could not afford enterprise class data storage 43 44 45 Lenovo has since retired all of the LenovoEMC products on their product page advising that the products are no longer available for purchase on lenovo com 46 2014 present Purchase of IBM server lines and other acquisitions edit nbsp Corporate logo 1984 2003 nbsp Corporate logo 2003 2015 nbsp Corporate logo 2015 present IBM sold its x86 based server lines including System x and Blade Center to Lenovo in 2014 47 Lenovo says it will gain access to more enterprise customers improve its profit margins and develop a closer relationship with Intel the maker of most server processors through its acquisition of IBM s x86 based server business 48 On 1 October 2014 Lenovo closed its acquisition of IBM s server division with the final price put at 2 1 billion 49 Lenovo said this acquisition came in at a price lower than the previously announced 2 3 billion partially because of a change in the value of IBM inventories The deal has been already approved by Europe and China Per Forbes the United States Department of Treasury Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States CFIUS was reportedly the last major hurdle for Lenovo since the United States has the strictest policies According to Timothy Prickett Morgan from Enterprise Tech the deal still awaits approval of regulators in China the European Commission and Canada 50 After closing Lenovo said that its goal was to become the world s largest maker of servers Lenovo also announced plans to start integrating IBM s workforce 51 The acquisition added about 6 500 new employees to Lenovo Lenovo said that it has no immediate intent to cut jobs Lenovo said that positions in research and development and customer facing roles such as marketing would be 100 protected but expected rationalization of its supply chain and procurement 52 nbsp Motorola Moto XOn 29 January 2014 Google announced it would sell Motorola Mobility to Lenovo for US 2 91 billion As of February 2014 Google owned about 5 94 of Lenovo s stock The deal included smartphone lines like the Moto X Moto G Droid Turbo and the future Motorola Mobility product roadmap while Google retained the Advanced Technologies amp Projects unit and all but 2 000 of the company s patents 53 Lenovo received royalty free licenses to all the patents retained by Google 54 Lenovo received approval from the European Union for its acquisition of Motorola in June 2014 55 The acquisition was completed on 30 October 2014 Motorola Mobility remained headquartered in Chicago and continued to use the Motorola brand but Liu Jun president of Lenovo s mobile device business became the head of the company 56 57 In April 2014 Lenovo purchased a portfolio of patents from NEC related to mobile technology These included over 3 800 patent families in countries around the world The purchase included standards essential patents for 3G and LTE cellular technologies and other patents related to smartphones and tablets 58 In May 2015 Lenovo revealed a new logo at Lenovo Tech World in Beijing with the slogan Innovation Never Stands Still Chinese 创新无止境 Lenovo s new logo created by Saatchi can be changed by its advertising agencies and sales partners within restrictions to fit the context It has a lounging e and is surrounded by a box that can be changed to use a relevant scene solid color or photograph Lenovo s Chief Marketing Officer David Roman said When we first started looking at it it wasn t about just a change in typography or the look of the logo We asked If we really are a net driven customer centric company what should the logo look like We came up with the idea of a digital logo first designed to be used on the internet and adaptable to context 59 In early June 2015 Lenovo announced plans to sell up to US 650 million in five year bonds denominated in Chinese yuan The bonds were sold in Hong Kong with coupon ranging from 4 95 to 5 05 This is only the second sale of bonds in Lenovo s history Financial commentators noted that Lenovo was paying a premium to list the bonds in yuan given relatively low costs for borrowing in US dollars 60 Lenovo said that its x86 servers will be available to all its channel partners Lenovo plans to cut prices on x86 products in order to gain market share 61 This goes in alliance with IBM s vision of the future around cloud technologies and their own POWER processor architecture 62 Lenovo s acquisition of IBM s businesses is arguably one of the greatest case studies on merging massive international enterprises Though this acquisition in 2005 ultimately resulted in success the integration of the businesses had a difficult and challenging beginning Lenovo had employees from different cultures different backgrounds and different languages 63 These differences caused misunderstandings hampering trust and the ability to build a new corporate culture At the end of its first two years Lenovo Group had met many of its original challenges including integrating two disparate cultures in the newly formed company maintaining the Think brand image for quality and innovation and improving supply chain and manufacturing efficiencies 64 However Lenovo had failed to meet a key objective of the merger leveraging the combined strength of the two companies to grow volume and market share 64 In order to achieve success Lenovo embraced diversification at multiple levels business model culture and talent By 2015 Lenovo grew into the world s number 1 PC maker number 3 smartphone manufacturer and number 3 in the production of tablet computers 65 In March 2017 Lenovo announced it was partnering with Fort Lauderdale Florida based software storage virtualization company DataCore to add DataCore s parallel I O processing software to Lenovo s storage devices 66 The servers were reportedly designed to outperform Storage Area Network SAN SAN arrays 66 In 2017 Lenovo formed a joint venture with Fujitsu and the Development Bank of Japan DBJ 67 In the joint venture Fujitsu would sell Lenovo a 51 stake in Fujitsu Client Computing Limited DBJ would acquire a 5 stake In September 2018 Lenovo and NetApp announced about strategic partnership and joint venture in China As part of strategic partnership Lenovo started two new lines of storage systems DM Series and DE Series Both storage systems using Lenovo hardware and NetApp software DM Series using ONTAP OS and DE Series SANtricity OS In 2018 Lenovo became the world s largest provider for the TOP500 supercomputers 68 In 2020 Lenovo became a preferred data center innovation provider for DreamWorks Animation starting with Trolls World Tour On 12 January 2021 Lenovo filed an application to issue Chinese depositary receipts representing newly issued ordinary shares and to list them on the Science and Technology Innovation Board of the Shanghai Stock Exchange 69 In April 2021 Lenovo was reorganized into three divisions The Intelligent Devices Group for PCs Smartphones Smart Collaboration products Augmented and Virtual Reality solutions and Internet of Things devices the Infrastructure Solutions Group formally known as Data Center Group for smart infrastructure solutions and the Solutions and Services Group focused on services and industry specific products 70 That year the company hit 60 billion in annual revenues 71 72 On 8 October 2021 Lenovo withdrew its application to list on the Shanghai Stock Exchange just days after it had been accepted by the exchange citing the possibility of the validity of financial information in its prospectus lapsing as the reason The price of the company s shares on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange dropped by over 17 following the news which was its biggest intraday decline in over a decade 73 74 Name edit nbsp Lenovo advertisement at the Consumer Electronics Show 2012 Lenovo is a portmanteau of Le from Legend and novo Latin ablative for new The Chinese name simplified Chinese 联想 traditional Chinese 聯想 pinyin Lianxiǎng means association as in association of ideas associative thinking or connected thinking It also implies creativity 75 Lianxiang was first used to refer to a layout of Chinese typewriters in the 1950s organized into groups of common words and phrases rather than the standard dictionary layout 76 For the first 20 years of its existence the company s English name was Legend In 2002 Yang Yuanqing decided to abandon the Legend English name to expand beyond the Chinese home market Legend was already in use worldwide by many businesses whose products and services may or may not have to do with technology 77 making it impossible to register in many jurisdictions outside China In April 2003 the company publicly announced its new English name Lenovo with an advertising campaign including huge billboards and primetime television ads Lenovo spent 18 million RMB on an eight week television advertising campaign The billboards showed the Lenovo logo against blue sky with a slogan that read Transcendence depends on how you think By the end of 2003 Lenovo had spent a total of 200 million RMB on rebranding 10 Products and services editLenovo is a manufacturer of personal computers smartphones televisions and wearable devices Some of the company s earliest products included the KT8920 mainframe computer 10 and a circuit board that allowed IBM compatible personal computers to process Chinese characters 14 One of its first computers was the Tianxi 天禧 released in 1998 in the Chinese market It became the best selling computer in Chinese history in 2000 17 Personal and business computing edit Lenovo markets the ThinkPad IdeaPad Yoga Legion and Xiaoxin 小新 Chinese market only lines of laptops as well as the IdeaCentre and ThinkCentre lines of desktops 78 It expanded significantly in 2005 through its acquisition of IBM s personal computer business including its ThinkPad and ThinkCentre lines As of January 2013 shipments of THINK branded computers have doubled since Lenovo s takeover of the brand with profit margins thought to be above 5 79 Lenovo aggressively expanded the THINK brand away from traditional laptop computers in favor of tablets and hybrid devices such as the ThinkPad Tablet 2 ThinkPad Yoga ThinkPad 8 ThinkPad Helix and ThinkPad Twist the shift came as a response to the growing popularity of mobile devices and the release of Windows 8 in October 2012 Lenovo achieved significant success with this high value strategy and in 2013 controlled more than 40 of the market for Windows computers priced above 900 in the United States 80 ThinkPad edit Main article ThinkPad nbsp The first generation ThinkPad X1 Carbon from 2012 Ultrabook with extensive use of lightweight and durable carbon fibre technology 81 82 The ThinkPad is a line of business oriented laptop known for their boxy black design modeled after a traditional Japanese bento 83 The ThinkPad was originally an IBM product developed at the Yamato Facility in Japan by Arimasa Naitoh 内藤在正 Naitō Arimasa 84 they have since been developed manufactured and sold by both IBM and Lenovo after early 2005 following its acquisition of IBM s personal computer division The ThinkPad has been used in space and was the only laptop model certified for use on the International Space Station until 2016 85 86 ThinkCentre edit Main article ThinkCentre The ThinkCentre is a line of business oriented desktop computers which was introduced in 2003 by IBM and since has been produced and sold by Lenovo since 2005 87 ThinkCentre computers typically include mid range to high end processors options for discrete graphics cards and multi monitor support Similar to the ThinkPad line of computers there have been budget lines of ThinkCentre branded computers in the past Some examples of this include M55e series A50 series M72 series These budget lines are typically thin clients however meaning they are not standalone computers rather they are access points to a central server 88 ThinkServer followed by ThinkSystem edit Main article ThinkServer The ThinkServer product line began with the TS100 from Lenovo 89 The server was developed under an agreement with IBM by which Lenovo would produce single socket and dual socket servers based on IBM s xSeries technology 89 An additional feature of the server design was a support package aimed at small businesses 89 The focus of this support package was to provide small businesses with software tools to ease the process of server management and reduce dependence on IT support 90 On June 20 2017 Lenovo s Data Center Group relaunched the ThinkServer product line as ThinkSystem 91 which consisted of 17 new machine type models in the catalog formate containing form factors such as Tower 1U 2U Blades Dense and 4U Mission Critical Intel based servers Also within this relaunch contained a portfolio of Storage Arrays and of Fibre Channel SAN Switches and Directors To further incorporate industry leading partnerships into its portfolio Lenovo struck an agreement with the processor company AMD to be able to supply customers with a choice of options between both Intel and AMD powered appliances In August 2019 the first two ThinkSystem platforms were introduced to the market containing a single AMD EPYC processor the SR635 1U and the SR655 2U 92 Again in May 2020 Lenovo DCG further expanded its AMD offerings to incorporate 2 proc systems the SR645 and the SR665 93 continuing tio exemplify its approach to being the Most Trusted Data Center Advisor in the market 94 ThinkStation edit Main article ThinkStation Lenovo ThinkStations are workstations designed for high end computing In 2008 IBM Lenovo expanded the focus of its THINK brand to include workstations with the ThinkStation S10 being the first model released ThinkVision edit Main article ThinkVision High end monitors are marketed under the ThinkVision name ThinkVision displays share a common design language with other THINK devices such as the ThinkPad line of laptop computers and ThinkCentre line of desktop computers At the 2014 International CES Lenovo announced the ThinkVision Pro2840m a 28 inch 4K display aimed at professionals Lenovo also announced another 28 inch 4K touch enabled device running Android that can function as an all in one PC or an external display for other devices 95 At the 2016 International CES Lenovo announced two displays with both USB C and DisplayPort connectivity The ThinkVision X24 Pro monitor is a 24 inch 1920 by 1080 pixel thin bezel display that uses an IPS LCD panel The ThinkVision X1 is a 27 inch 3840 by 2160 pixel thin bezel display that uses a 10 bit panel with 99 coverage of the sRGB color gamut The X24 includes a wireless charging base for mobile phones The X1 is the first monitor to receive the TUV Eye Comfort certification Both monitors have HDMI 2 0 ports support charging laptops mobile phones and other devices and have Intel RealSense 3D cameras in order to support facial recognition Both displays have dual array microphones and 3 watt stereo speakers 96 IdeaPad edit Main article IdeaPad nbsp A Lenovo IdeaPad U350 at a launch event in Japan 2009The IdeaPad line of consumer oriented laptops was introduced in January 2008 The IdeaPad is the result of Lenovo s own research and development Unlike the ThinkPad line its design and branding were not inherited from IBM nor are they designed developed by IBM The IdeaPad s design language differs markedly from the ThinkPad and has a more consumer focused look and feel 97 98 On September 21 2016 Lenovo confirmed that their Yoga series is not meant to be compatible with Linux operating systems that they know it is impossible to install Linux on some models and that it is not supported 99 This came in the wake of media coverage of problems that users were having while trying to install Ubuntu on several Yoga models including the 900 ISK2 900 ISK For Business 900S and 710 which were traced back to Lenovo disabling and removing support for the AHCI storage mode for the device s Solid State Drive in the computer s BIOS in favor of a RAID mode that is only supported by Windows 10 drivers that come with the system 100 101 102 103 Lenovo has since released an alternative firmware that has restored the AHCI mode to the drive controller to allow installation of Linux operating systems 104 105 IdeaCentre edit Main article IdeaCentre All IdeaCentres are all in one machines combining processor and monitor into a single unit 106 The desktops were described by HotHardware as being uniquely designed 106 The first IdeaCentre desktop the IdeaCentre K210 was announced by Lenovo on 30 June 2008 107 While the IdeaCentre line consists only of desktops it shares design elements and features with the IdeaPad line 107 One such feature was Veriface facial recognition technology 107 At CES 2011 Lenovo announced the launch of four IdeaCentre desktops the A320 B520 B320 and C205 106 In the autumn of 2012 the firm introduced the more powerful IdeaCentre A720 with a 27 inch touchscreen display and running Windows 8 108 With a TV tuner and HDMI in the A720 can also serve as a multimedia hub or home theater PC 109 In 2013 Lenovo added a table computer to the IdeaCentre line The Lenovo IdeaCentre Horizon introduced at the 2013 Consumer Electronics Show is a 27 inch touchscreen computer designed to lay flat for simultaneous use by multiple people Thanks to its use of Windows 8 the Horizon can also serve as a desktop computer when set upright 110 Legion edit Main article Lenovo Legion Legion is a series of laptops and tablets from Lenovo targeting gaming performance The first Legion brand laptops was revealed at CES 2017 the Legion Y520 and the Legion Y720 111 On June 6 2017 a high performance model the Legion Y920 equipped with Intel s seventh generation quad core i7 7820HK and Nvidia GTX 1070 discrete graphics was launched 112 113 At E3 2018 Lenovo announced three new laptops with new redesigned chassis Y530 Y730 and Y7000 114 In 2020 Lenovo launched Legion 3 5 and 7 where Legion 7 is the highest specification of the series In 2021 Lenovo launched Legion 5 pro with AMD 5th series CPU and Nvidia 30s GPU 115 Smartphones edit Main article Lenovo smartphones nbsp The Lenovo ThinkPad Tablet 2 from front and backAs of January 2013 Lenovo only manufactured phones that use the Android operating system from Google Numerous press reports indicated that Lenovo planned to release a phone running Windows Phone 8 According to J D Howard a vice president at Lenovo s mobile division the company would release a Windows Phone product if there is market demand 116 Lenovo has implemented an aggressive strategy to replace Samsung Electronics as Mainland China market s top smartphone vendor It has spent 793 5 million in Wuhan in order to build a plant that can produce 30 to 40 million phones per year Data from Analysys International shows that Lenovo experienced considerable growth in smartphone sales in China during 2012 Specifically it saw its market share increase to 14 2 during 2012 s third quarter representing an increase when compared to 4 8 in the same quarter of 2011 IDC analysts said that Lenovo s success is due to its aggressive ramping up and improvements in channel partnerships Analysys International analyst Wang Ying wrote Lenovo possesses an obvious advantage over rivals in terms of sales channels The company s CEO Yang Yuanqing said Lenovo does not want to be the second player we want to be the best Lenovo has the confidence to outperform Samsung and Apple at least in the Chinese market 117 According to IHS iSuppli Lenovo was a top three smartphone maker in China with a 16 5 market share in the first quarter of 2012 According to a May report released by IDC Lenovo ranks fourth in the global tablet market by volume 118 As of November 2012 Lenovo was the second largest seller of mobile phones in China when measured by volume 39 In May 2013 Lenovo CEO Yang Yuanqing indicated that the company had aimed to release smartphones in the United States within the next year Later in October Lenovo expressed interest in acquiring the Canadian smartphone maker BlackBerry Limited However its attempt was reportedly blocked by the Government of Canada citing security concerns due to the use of BlackBerry devices by prominent members of the government An official stated that we have been pretty consistent that the message is Canada is open to foreign investment and investment from China in particular but not at the cost of compromising national security 119 120 In January 2014 Lenovo announced a proposed deal to acquire Motorola Mobility to bolster its plans for the U S market 121 Microsoft officially announced that Lenovo had become the hardware partner of Windows Phone platform at the Mobile World Congress 2014 122 In January 2016 Lenovo announced at CES that the company would be producing the first Tango phone 123 Lenovo plus Motorola was the 3rd largest producer of smartphones by volume in the world between 2011 and 2014 124 Since Lenovo s acquisition of Motorola Mobility the combined global market share of Lenovo plus Motorola has fallen from 7 2 in 2014 to 3 9 in the third quarter of 2016 125 126 A number of factors have been cited as the cause of this reduced demand including the fact that Lenovo relied heavily on carriers to sell its phones its phones lacked strong branding and unique features to distinguish them in the competitive Chinese market where a weak economy and saturated market is slowing demand 127 128 and the culture clash between a more hierarchical PC company and the need to be nimble to sell rapidly evolving smartphones 129 In response to the weak sales Lenovo announced in August 2015 that it would lay off 3 200 employees mostly in its Motorola smartphone business 130 In the reorganization which followed Lenovo was uncertain how to brand its Motorola smartphones In November 2015 members of Lenovo management made statements that Lenovo would use the Motorola brand for all its smartphones 131 Then in January 2016 Lenovo announced that it would be eliminating the Motorola brand in favor of Moto by Lenovo The company reversed course in March 2017 and announced that the Motorola brand name would be used in all regions in future products In 2016 we just finished transforming ourselves Motorola Chairman and President Aymar de Lencquesaing said in an interview We have clarity on how we present ourselves 132 Smart televisions edit Main article Lenovo LeTV nbsp A Lenovo A30 TV set top boxIn November 2011 Lenovo said it would soon unveil a Smart TV product called LeTV expected for release in the first quarter of 2012 The PC communications and TV industries are currently undergoing a smart transformation In the future users will have many smart devices and will desire an integrated experience of hardware software and cloud services Liu Jun president of Lenovo s mobile Internet and digital home business division 133 In June 2013 Lenovo announced a partnership with Sharp to produce smart televisions In March 2014 Lenovo announced that it projected smart television sales surpassing one million units for 2014 The same month Lenovo released its flagship S9 Smart TV 134 Wearables edit nbsp The Lenovo Smartwatch on display at the 2015 Mobile World CongressRumors that Lenovo was developing a wearable device were confirmed in October 2014 after the company submitted a regulatory finding to the Federal Communications Commission The device branded a Smartband has a battery life of seven days It has an optical heart rate monitor and can be used to track distance and time spent running and calories burned It can also notify the user of incoming calls and texts 135 It can also unlock computers without the use of a password The Smartband went on sale in October 2014 Lenovo started offering the device for sale on its website without a formal product announcement 136 IoT Smart Home edit In 2015 Lenovo launched a strategic cooperation with IngDan 硬蛋 a subsidiary of Chinese electronics e commerce company Cogobuy Group to penetrate into the intelligent hardware sector 137 Lenovo wanted to procure High Tech hardware in the then newly emerging Internet of Things IoT economy 138 and formed a strategic partnership with Cogobuy in which it previously primarily bought IC components from 139 Cogobuy s supply chain was utilised by Lenovo to procure consumer devices and bridge gaps in their proprietary hardware and software development 140 At the IFA 2018 Lenovo launched several Home automation products 141 Lenovo Connect edit At the Mobile World Congress in 2016 Lenovo introduced Lenovo Connect a wireless roaming service This service works across devices networks and borders for customers in China and EMEA Europe the Middle East and Africa Lenovo Connect eliminates the need to buy new SIM cards when crossing borders Lenovo Connect started service for phones and select ThinkPad laptops in China in February 2016 142 Operations editLenovo s principal facilities are in Beijing Singapore and Morrisville North Carolina United States with research centres in Beijing Singapore Morrisville Shanghai Shenzhen Xiamen Chengdu Nanjing 143 Wuhan 144 and Yamato Kanagawa Prefecture Japan 145 Lenovo operates manufacturing facilities in Chengdu and Hefei in China and in Japan A 700 square metre 7 500 sq ft global flagship opened in Beijing in February 2013 40 nbsp The Lenovo R amp D center in Shenzhen GuangdongLenovo s manufacturing operations are a departure from the usual industry practice of outsourcing to contract manufacturers Lenovo instead focuses on vertical integration in order to avoid excessive reliance on original equipment manufacturers and to keep down costs 146 Speaking on this topic Yang Yuanqing said Selling PCs is like selling fresh fruit The speed of innovation is very fast so you must know how to keep up with the pace control inventory to match supply with demand and handle very fast turnover Lenovo benefited from its vertical integration after flooding affected hard drive manufacturers in Thailand in 2011 as the company could continue manufacturing operations by shifting production towards products for which hard drives were still available 147 148 Lenovo began to emphasize vertical integration after a meeting in 2009 in which CEO Yang Yuanqing and the head of Lenovo s supply chain analyzed the costs versus the benefits of in house manufacturing and decided to make at least 50 of Lenovo s manufacturing in house Lenovo Chief Technology Officer George He said that vertical integration is having an important role in product development He stated If you look at the industry trends most innovations for PCs smartphones tablets and smart TVs are related to innovation of key components display battery and storage Differentiation of key parts is so important So we started investing more and working very closely with key parts suppliers 148 Previously lack of integration due to numerous foreign acquisitions and an excessive number of key performance indicators KPIs was making Lenovo s expansion expensive and creating unacceptably slow delivery times to end customers Lenovo responded by reducing the number of KPIs from 150 to 5 offering intensive training to managers and working to create a global Lenovo culture Lenovo also doubled down on vertical integration and manufacturing near target markets in order to cut costs at time when its competitors were making increased use of outsourcing off shoring By 2013 Lenovo ranked 20th on Gartner s list of top 50 supply chains whereas in 2010 the company was unranked 149 In 2012 Lenovo partially moved production of its ThinkPad line of computers to Japan ThinkPads will be produced by NEC in Yamagata Prefecture Akemi Watanabe 渡辺朱美 Watanabe Akemi president of Lenovo Japan said As a Japanese I am glad to see the return to domestic production and the goal is to realize full scale production as this will improve our image and make the products more acceptable to Japanese customers 148 150 In October 2012 Lenovo announced that it would start assembling computers in Whitsett North Carolina Production of desktop and laptop computers including the ThinkPad Helix began in January 2013 As of July 2013 update 115 workers were employed at this facility Lenovo has been in Whitsett since 2008 where it also has centers for logistics customer service and return processing 151 152 In 2015 Lenovo and Hong Kong Cyberport Management Company Limited a government sponsored business park for technology firms reached a deal to jointly build a cloud service and product research and development center 153 Lenovo s Asia Pacific data center will also be housed in Cyperport 153 Lenovo assembles smartphones in Chennai India through a contract manufacturing agreement with Flex 154 155 In November 2015 Lenovo announced that it would start manufacturing computers in Pondicherry 156 Accusations of slave labor by supplier edit In August 2020 The Intercept reported that Lenovo imported about 258 000 laptops from the Chinese manufacturer Hefei Bitland Information Technology a company among others accused by the Australian Strategic Policy Institute of using Uyghur forced labor In July 2020 the United States Commerce Department added 11 companies including Hefei Bitland implicated in human rights abuses on the Entity List Lenovo took some shipments out of the distribution but other shipments were distributed to consumers 157 158 159 In late July Lenovo informed its customers it had stopped manufacturing with Bitland and was moving production of related devices to other suppliers 160 Response to 2022 sanctions against Russia edit During the Russian invasion of Ukraine Lenovo reportedly suspended shipping to Russia on or before February 25 2022 and although it didn t confirm the suspension faced a domestic backlash from Internet users in China 161 162 Corporate affairs edit nbsp Lenovo s registered office is in Taikoo Place Hong Kong Alongside Beijing the company has operational centres in Lorong Chuan Singapore and Morrisville North Carolina 163 164 near Raleigh in the Research Triangle metropolitan area 165 in the United States 166 As of October 2012 the Morrisville facility has about 2 000 employees 167 Lenovo identifies its facilities in Beijing Singapore and Morrisville as its key location addresses 168 where its principal operations occur 163 The company s registered office is on the 23rd floor of the Lincoln House building of the Taikoo Place in Quarry Bay Hong Kong 169 Previously the company s U S headquarters were in Purchase Harrison New York About 70 people worked there In 2006 Lenovo announced that it was consolidating its U S headquarters a logistics facility in Boulder Colorado and a call center in Atlanta to a new facility in Morrisville The company received offers of over 11 million in incentive funds from the local Morrisville North Carolina area and from the State of North Carolina on the condition that the company employs about 2 200 people 170 In early 2016 Lenovo carried out a comprehensive restructuring of its business units 171 Financials and market share edit In the third quarter of 2020 Lenovo commands a leading market share of 25 7 per cent of all PCs sold in the world 172 In March 2013 Lenovo was included as a constituent stock in the Hang Seng Index Lenovo replaced the unprofitable Aluminum Corporation of China Limited a state owned enterprise on the list of 50 key companies on the Hong Kong stock exchange that constitute the Hang Seng Index 173 The inclusion of Lenovo and Tencent China s largest internet firm significantly increased the weight of the technology sector on the index Being added to the Hang Seng Index was a significant boon for Lenovo and its shareholders as it widened the pool of investors willing to purchase Lenovo s stock For instance index funds pegged to the Hang Seng and pension funds that consider index inclusion now have the opportunity to invest in Lenovo 174 In November 2013 Lenovo reported that they had achieved double digit market share in the United States for the first time 175 Ownership edit In 2009 China Oceanwide Holdings Group a private Investment company based in Beijing bought 29 of Legend Holdings the parent company of Lenovo for 2 76 billion 176 As of 31 March 2018 update 65 of Lenovo stock was held by the general public 29 by Legend Holdings 5 8 by Yang Yuanqing and 0 2 by other directors 177 Responding to claims that Lenovo is a state owned enterprise CEO Yang Yuanqing said Our company is a 100 market oriented company Some people have said we are a state owned enterprise It s 100 not true In 1984 the Chinese Academy of Sciences only invested 25 000 in our company The purpose of the Chinese Academy of Sciences to invest in this company was that they wanted to commercialize their research results The Chinese Academy of Sciences is a pure research entity in China owned by the government From this point you could say we re different from state owned enterprises Secondly after this investment this company is run totally by the founders and management team The government has never been involved in our daily operation in important decisions strategic direction nomination of the CEO and top executives and financial management Everything is done by our management team 178 As of 2014 the Chinese Academy of Sciences owns 11 7 of Lenovo and IBM owns 37 8 179 In early 2006 the U S State Department was harshly criticized for purchasing 16 000 computers from Lenovo Critics argued that Lenovo was controlled by the Chinese government and a potential vehicle for espionage against the United States Yang spoke out forcefully and publicly to defend Lenovo He said We are not a government controlled company He pointed out that Lenovo pioneered China s transition to a market economy and that in the early 1990s had fought and beaten four state owned enterprises that dominated the Chinese computer market Those firms had the full backing of the state while Lenovo received no special treatment 180 The State Department deal went through Yang worried that fears about Lenovo s supposed connections to the Chinese government would be an ongoing issue in the United States Yang worked to ease worries by communicating directly with Congress Yang dramatically increased his ownership stake by acquiring 797 million shares in 2011 As of June 2011 Yang owned an 8 per cent stake in Lenovo He previously owned only 70 million shares In a statement Yang said While the transaction is a personal financial matter I want to be very clear that my decision to make this investment is based on my strong belief in the company s very bright future Our culture is built on commitment and ownership we do what we say and we own what we do My decision to increase my holdings represents my steadfast belief in these principles 181 Corporate culture edit Lenovo s senior executives rotate between the three head offices at Beijing Singapore and Morrisville as well as Lenovo s research and development centre in Yamato Japan 79 Leadership edit Yang Yuanqing edit Main article Yang Yuanqing nbsp Yang Yuanqing Lenovo s Chairman and CEOYang Yuanqing is the chairman and chief executive officer of Lenovo One of his major achievements was leading Lenovo to become the best selling personal computer brand in China since 1997 In 2001 Bloomberg Businessweek named him one of Asia s rising stars in business 182 Yang was president and CEO of Lenovo until 2004 when Lenovo closed its acquisition of IBM s PC division after which Yang was succeeded as Lenovo CEO by IBM s Stephen M Ward Jr Ward was succeeded by William Amelio on 20 December 2005 In February 2009 Yang replaced Amelio as CEO and has served in that capacity ever since Yang was chairman of Lenovo s board from 2004 to 2008 and returned as chairman in 2012 alongside his role as CEO In 2012 Yang received a 3 million bonus as a reward for record profits which he in turn redistributed to about 10 000 of Lenovo s employees According to Lenovo spokesman Jeffrey Shafer Yang felt that it would be the right thing to redirect the money to the employees as a real tangible gesture for what they done Shafer also said that Yang who owns about eight per cent of Lenovo s stock felt that he was rewarded well simply as the owner of the company 183 The bonuses were mostly distributed among staff working in positions such as production and reception who received an average of CN 2 000 or about US 314 This was almost equivalent to a monthly salary of an average worker in China 184 Yang made a similar gift of US 3 25 million again in 2013 185 According to Lenovo s annual report Yang earned US 14 million including US 5 2 million in bonuses during the fiscal year that ended in March 2012 186 In 2013 Barron s named Yang one of the World s Best CEOs 187 Liu Chuanzhi edit Main article Liu Chuanzhi Liu Chuanzhi is the founder and former chairman of Lenovo Liu was trained as an engineer at a military college and later went on to work at the Chinese Academy of Sciences Like many young people during the Cultural Revolution Liu was denounced and sent to the countryside where he worked as a laborer on a rice farm Liu claims Hewlett Packard as a key source of inspiration In an interview with The Economist he stated that Our earliest and best teacher was Hewlett Packard For more than ten years Lenovo was Hewlett Packard s distributor in China 188 In reference to Lenovo s later acquisition of IBM s personal computer unit Liu said I remember the first time I took part in a meeting of IBM agents I was wearing an old business suit of my father s and I sat in the back row Even in my dreams I never imagined that one day we could buy the IBM PC business It was unthinkable Impossible 14 Board of directors edit In early 2013 Lenovo announced the addition of Yahoo founder Jerry Yang to its board 189 Lenovo s CEO Yang Yuanqing said Jerry s appointment as an observer to our board furthers Lenovo s reputation as a transparent international company Just prior to the appointment of Jerry Yang Tudor Brown the founder of British semiconductor design firm ARM was also appointed to Lenovo s board Speaking of both men Yang Yuanqing said We believe that they will add a great deal to our strategic thinking long term direction and ultimately our ability to achieve our aspirations in the PC plus era Marketing and sponsorships editIn 2009 Lenovo became the first personal computer manufacturer to divide countries into emerging markets and mature markets Lenovo then developed a different set of strategies for each category Lenovo s competitors have widely adopted the same approach 20 In 2012 Lenovo made a major effort to expand its market share in developing economies such as Brazil and India through acquisitions and increased budgets for marketing and advertising 79 Celebrity sponsorships and endorsements edit In October 2013 Lenovo announced that it had hired American actor Ashton Kutcher as a product engineer and spokesman David Roman Lenovo s chief marketing officer said His partnership goes beyond traditional bounds by deeply integrating him into our organization as a product engineer Ashton will help us break new ground by challenging assumptions bringing a new perspective and contributing his technical expertise to Yoga Tablet and other devices 190 Kobe Bryant became an official ambassador for Lenovo smartphones in China and Southeast Asia in early 2013 191 Bryant appeared in a social campaign titled The Everyday Kobe Challenge for the launch of Lenovo IdeaPhone K900 in Malaysia Thailand Indonesia and the Philippines in the same year 192 193 Sporting sponsorship edit nbsp The 2008 Summer Olympics Torch was designed by Lenovo Lenovo was an official computer sponsor of the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin Italy and the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing When asked about Lenovo s brand Yang Yuanqing said The Beijing Olympics were very good for brand awareness in countries like the US and Argentina but not good enough 194 The NFL has been a Lenovo customer since 2007 In July 2012 Lenovo and the National Football League NFL announced that Lenovo had become the NFL s Official Laptop Desktop and Workstation Sponsor Lenovo said that this was its largest sponsorship deal ever in the United States NFL stars Jerry Rice DeAngelo Williams and Torry Holt were on hand for the announcement and a celebration with 1 500 Lenovo employees Lenovo s sponsorship will last at least three years 195 Lenovo also become technology partner for Ducati Corse in Grand Prix motorcycle racing since 2018 And for the 2021 MotoGP it will become main sponsor for the Bolognese 196 Lenovo is also an official partner of the NHL s Carolina Hurricanes who play in nearby Raleigh North Carolina Lenovo and FC Internazionale in 2019 have signed a multi year sponsorship agreement that makes Lenovo the Global Technology Partner of the Nerazzurri company 197 In May 2021 Lenovo and Motorola Mobility decided to celebrate with a limited edition of Motorola Razr totally customized and produced in 2021 numbered pieces to honor Inter who won their 19th Scudetto 198 In July 2021 there was the launch of the new Inter Home shirt for the 2021 22 season they unveiled the introduction of Lenovo as a sponsor on the back of the shirt 199 Television internet and other media edit Lenovo used a short film entitled The Pursuit in its For Those Who Do campaign launched in 2011 The film depicted a mysterious young woman using the IdeaPad Yoga 13 to stay one step ahead of her evil pursuers Martin Campbell who previously worked on action movies and James Bond films such as GoldenEye and the remake of Casino Royale shot this film Lenovo was the first Chinese company to make use of such marketing techniques 149 In May 2015 Lenovo hosted its first ever Tech World conference in Beijing 200 ZUK Mobile a separate company formed by Lenovo in 2014 announced several products at Tech World These included slim power banks 3D printers that can print food such as chocolate an outdoor sound box and a Wi Fi based control system for home automation 200 China edit In its home market China Lenovo has a vast distribution network designed to make sure that there is at least one shop selling Lenovo computers within 50 kilometers of nearly all consumers Lenovo has also developed close relationships with its Chinese distributors who are granted exclusive territories and only carry Lenovo products 79 As of July 2013 Lenovo believes that urbanization initiatives being pushed by former Premier Li Keqiang will allow it to sustain sales growth in China for the foreseeable future Speaking at Lenovo s annual general meeting in Hong Kong in 2013 Yang Yuanqing said I believe urbanisation will help us further increase the overall domestic PC market Yang also stressed the opportunity presented by the China s relatively low penetration rate of personal computers Lenovo previously benefited from the Chinese government s rural subsidies part of a wider economic stimulus initiative designed to increase purchases of appliances and electronics That program which Lenovo joined in 2004 ended in 2011 Lenovo enjoys consistent price premiums over its traditional competitors in rural markets and a stronger local sales and service presence 201 India edit Lenovo has gained significant market share in India through bulk orders to large companies and government agencies For example the government of Tamil Nadu ordered a million ThinkPads from IBM Lenovo in 2012 and single handedly made the firm a market leader Lenovo distributes most of the personal computers it sells in India through five national distributors such as Ingram Micro and Redington 202 Given that most smartphones and tablets are sold to individuals Lenovo is pursuing a different strategy making use of many small state centric distributors Amar Babu Lenovo s managing director for India said To reach out to small towns and the hinterland we have tied up with 40 regional distributors We want our distributors to be exclusive to us We will in turn ensure they have exclusive rights to distribute Lenovo products in their catchment area 202 As of 2013 Lenovo had about 6 000 retailers selling smartphones and tablets in India In February 2013 Lenovo established a relationship with Reliance Communications to sell smartphones The smartphones carried by Reliance have dual SIM capability and support both GSM and CDMA Babu claims that the relative under penetration of smartphones in India represents an opportunity for Lenovo 202 Lenovo has assembled a team of senior managers familiar with the Indian market launched mobile phones at all price points there and worked on branding to build market share As of February 2014 Lenovo claims that its sales of smartphones in India have been increasing 100 per quarter while the market is only growing 15 20 over the same period Lenovo did marketing tests of its smartphones in November 2012 in Gujarat and some southern cities where Lenovo already had a strong presence Lenovo s strategy has been to create awareness maintain a broad selection of phones at all price points and develop distribution networks Lenovo partnered with two national distributors and over 100 local distributors As of February 2014 more than 7 000 retail outlets in India sold Lenovo smartphones Lenovo has also partnered with HCL in order to set up 250 service centres in 110 cities 203 In India Lenovo grants distributors exclusive territories but allows them to sell computers from other companies Lenovo uses its close relationships with distributors to gain market intelligence and speed up product development Lenovo reported a year on year increase of about 951 in tablet sales in India for the first quarter of 2014 Canalys a market research firm said Lenovo took market share away from Apple and Samsung in the country 204 Africa edit Lenovo first started doing business in South Africa establishing a sales office and then expanded to East African markets such as Kenya Tanzania Ethiopia Uganda and Rwanda West Africa followed when Lenovo set up a Nigerian legal office and then expanded to Ghana Zimbabwe Mozambique and Botswana According to Lenovo s general manager for Africa Graham Braum Lenovo s strategy is to put great emphasis on products that sell well in Africa and roll out products alongside different African governments rolling out of wireless technology Products such as the Lenovo Yoga series are popular in Africa because of their long battery life as many areas have unreliable electrical supply Other popular products include the Lenovo netbooks which were introduced in 2008 205 Lenovo picked Nigeria in 2013 to release its smartphone because unlike South Africa and other African countries there is no requirement to partner with a local telecom firm to sell its phones 206 In the long term according to Braum Lenovo in Africa will focus on continuing to consistently supply personal computer products and allow this market to grow while moving into new territory such as mobile and enterprise 205 Singapore edit Lenovo has had a presence in Singapore as early as its foundation and with a focus on the Southeast Asia region it is the location of one of Lenovo s three head offices 207 Registered as Lenovo 208 Singapore Pte Ltd it is located at the New Tech Park in the Lorong Chuan district of the North East Region of Singapore 207 209 United States edit In the United States Lenovo began the For Those Who Do marketing campaign in 2010 created by the ad agency Saatchi amp Saatchi It was part of Lenovo s first ever global branding campaign beyond its domestic market in China 210 For Those Who Do was designed to appeal to young consumers in the 18 to 25 year old demographic by stressing its utility to creative individuals that Lenovo s advertising refers to as doers 211 One of Lenovo s operational centers is located in North Carolina United States Lenovo also started manufacturing products in the United States in 2012 212 Goodweird edit Lenovo launched a multi year advertising campaign called Goodweird in the last half of 2015 Goodweird is designed to convey the idea that designs that seem strange initially often become familiar and widely accepted The Goodweird campaign includes a video with famous images of early attempts to fly with the aid of homemade wings and a bicycle that transitions to a modern day shot of a man soaring across mountains in a wingsuit before transitioning again to a shot of the Stealth Bomber Lenovo worked with three agencies on Goodweird London based DLKW Low We Are Social and Blast Radius Goodweird is part of Lenovo s wider strategy to appeal to millennials with an emphasis on design trendsetters A portion of the funding for Goodweird is being directed to prominent YouTubers and Viners BuzzFeed has been engaged to create relevant content 213 Security and privacy incidents editSuperfish edit In February 2015 Lenovo became the subject of controversy for having bundled software identified as malware on some of its laptops The software Superfish Visual Discovery is a web browser add on that injects Pricing advertising into search engine results pages To intercept HTTPS encrypted communications the software also installed a self signed public key certificate 214 215 When the Superfish public key cryptography was compromised it was also discovered that the same private key was used across all installations of the software leaving users vulnerable to security exploits utilizing the key 216 217 Lenovo made between US 200 000 to 250 000 on its deal with Superfish 218 In 2017 Lenovo agreed to pay US 3 5 million as part of a settlement with the US Federal Trade Commission 219 and announced an apology to its customers and stock holders The head of Superfish responded to security concerns by saying the vulnerability was inadvertently introduced by Komodia which built the application 220 In response to the criticism Lenovo detailed that it would cease further distribution and use of the Superfish software and offered affected customers free six month subscriptions to the McAfee LiveSafe software 221 Lenovo issued a promise to reduce the amount of Software bloat it bundles with its Windows 10 devices promising to only include Lenovo software security software drivers and certain applications customarily expected by users 222 Salon tech writer David Auerbach compared the Superfish incident to the Sony DRM rootkit scandal and argued that installing Superfish is one of the most irresponsible mistakes an established tech company has ever made 223 Lenovo Service Engine edit From October 2014 through June 2015 the UEFI firmware on certain Lenovo models had contained software known as Lenovo Service Engine which Lenovo says automatically sent non identifiable system information to Lenovo the first time Windows is connected to the internet and on laptops automatically installs the Lenovo OneKey Optimizer program software considered to be Software bloat as well This process occurs even on clean installations of Windows It was found that this program had been automatically installed using a new feature in Windows 8 Windows Platform Binary Table which allows executable files to be stored within UEFI firmware for execution on startup and is meant to allow critical software to persist even when the operating system has changed or been reinstalled in a clean configuration specifically anti theft security software The software was discontinued after it was found that aspects of the software had security vulnerabilities and did not comply with revised guidelines for appropriate usage of WPBT On 31 July 2015 Lenovo released instructions and UEFI firmware updates meant to remove Lenovo Service Engine 224 225 226 Lenovo Customer Feedback program edit At a third time in 2015 criticism arose that Lenovo might have installed software that looked suspicious on their commercial Think PC lines This was discovered by Computerworld writer Michael Horowitz who had purchased several Think systems with the Customer Feedback program installed which seemed to log usage data and metrics 227 Further analysis by Horowitz revealed however that this was mostly harmless as it was only logging the usage of some pre installed Lenovo programs and not the usage in general and only if the user allowed the data to be collected Horowitz also criticized other media for quoting his original article and saying that Lenovo preinstalled spyware as he himself never used that term in this case and he also said that he does not consider the software he found to be spyware 228 Lenovo Accelerator edit As of June 2016 a Duo Labs report stated that Lenovo was still installing bloatware some of which leads to security vulnerabilities as soon as the user turns on their new PC 229 230 Lenovo advised users to remove the offending app Lenovo Accelerator 231 According to Lenovo the app designed to speed up the loading of Lenovo applications created a man in the middle security vulnerability U S Marine network security breach edit In February 2021 Bloomberg Businessweek reported that U S investigators found in 2008 that military units in Iraq were using Lenovo laptops in which the hardware had been altered According to a testimony from the case in 2010 A large amount of Lenovo laptops were sold to the U S military that had a chip encrypted on the motherboard that would record all the data that was being inputted into that laptop and send it back to China Lenovo was unaware of the testimony The U S military did not inform the company of any security concerns Spokeswoman Charlotte West stated As there have been no reports of any problems we have no way to assess the allegations you cite or whether security concerns may have been triggered by third party interference 232 See also edit nbsp China portal nbsp Companies portal nbsp Electronics portal nbsp Technology portalList of computer system manufacturers List of companies of ChinaReferences edit a b Locations Lenovo US www lenovo com a b Lenovo Forbes Archived from the original on 16 September 2020 Retrieved 9 September 2020 Headquartered in Beijing it s the world s largest PC vendor by unit sales and fourth biggest smartphone maker a b Lenovo Group Ltd Hong Kong Listing Bloomberg Archived from the original on 21 October 2020 Retrieved 9 September 2020 Address No 6 Chuang Ye Road Shangdi Information Beijing 100085 China a b c Locations Lenovo US Lenovo Archived from the original on 6 July 2020 Retrieved 4 July 2020 a b c d e f Lenovo Group Limited Annual Report 2022 PDF Report Lenovo Retrieved 26 May 2022 It s official Motorola Mobility now belongs to Lenovo CNET cnet com Archived from the original on 8 March 2017 Retrieved 25 December 2014 Multiple sources Arthur Charles 12 May 2018 Lenovo the Chinese giant that plays by the rules and loses The Guardian Archived from the original on 8 September 2020 Retrieved 5 September 2020 Cahill Kevin 1 July 2020 Lenovo top of the world Chinese supercomputer supplier sweeps all markets Computer Weekly Archived from the original on 26 September 2020 Retrieved 9 September 2020 Goh Brenda 20 February 2020 China s Lenovo confident of managing virus impact reports strong third quarter Reuters Archived from the original on 22 September 2020 Retrieved 9 September 2020 China s Lenovo Group first quarter profit more than doubles beats expectations euronews 9 December 2019 Archived from the original on 26 November 2020 Retrieved 9 September 2020 Schwankert Steven 26 May 2006 Is Lenovo a Chinese company InfoWorld Archived from the original on 27 May 2019 Retrieved 9 September 2020 Canalys Newsroom Global PC shipments pass 340 million in 2021 and 2022 is set to be even stronger Gartner Says Worldwide PC Shipments Declined 5 in Fourth Quarter of 2021 but Grew Nearly 10 for the Year a b c d e f g h i j k l Ling Zhijun 2006 The Lenovo Affair Singapore John Wiley amp Sons ISBN 978 0 470 82193 0 DANNY LUI Greater Good Radio Leaders Inspiring Leaders 22 July 2006 Retrieved 15 September 2022 Chen Wency 17 December 2019 Lenovo founder Liu Chuanzhi set to retire Nikkei Asia Archived from the original on 18 December 2019 Retrieved 9 November 2019 IBM and Lenovo United States www ibm com 8 October 2012 Retrieved 22 September 2021 a b c d e Dickie Mure 1 January 2005 China s High Tech Hero Chief Executive a b c d Greeben Mark J Yip George S Wei Wei 15 March 2019 Pioneers Hidden Champions Changemakers and Underdogs MIT Press ISBN 9780262352345 Retrieved 22 November 2020 FAQ Lenovo 30 March 2022 a b Sima Katherine 19 December 2005 Lenovo s design strategy drives success Plastics News United States Archived from the original on 14 April 2015 Retrieved 7 April 2015 Lemon Sumner 2 May 2005 Lenovo Completes Purchase of IBM s PC Unit PC World pcworld com Archived from the original on 5 July 2012 Retrieved 19 June 2012 Stephen Craig 20 August 2012 China s Lenovo may be one off success MarketWatch Archived from the original on 22 August 2012 Retrieved 20 August 2012 a b c Xiaoyan Zhou 19 November 2012 Lenovo on top of the PC world People s Daily People s Daily Online Archived from the original on 7 May 2013 Retrieved 7 January 2013 IBM and Lenovo United States www ibm com 8 October 2012 Archived from the original on 5 December 2020 Retrieved 8 November 2020 IBM Investor relations IR News and views 01 May 2005 Lenovo completes acquisition of IBM Ibm com Archived from the original on 23 November 2009 Retrieved 7 January 2013 Jonsson Anette IBM sells remaining shares in Lenovo FinanceAsia Retrieved 30 October 2022 Nuo You Ning Yang 11 May 2010 Lenovo to take on the big boys with LePhone China Daily Archived from the original on 7 May 2013 Retrieved 28 February 2013 Lenovo to Acquire Mobile Handset Business Press release Lenovo 27 November 2009 Archived from the original on 25 December 2010 Retrieved 30 December 2009 Lenovo bets on app projects to boost sales South China Morning Post 24 November 2010 NEC Lenovo Form PC Joint Venture As NEC Posts Wider Loss Fox Business 27 January 2011 Archived from the original on 24 September 2015 Retrieved 10 January 2015 Ranii David 2 February 2011 With NEC venture Lenovo eyes Japan Cary News North Carolina Lenovo NEC to jointly develop tablets Report Reuters 4 July 2012 Archived from the original on 14 October 2014 Retrieved 9 October 2014 a b Nicholson Chris V 2 June 2011 Lenovo to Buy German PC Maker The New York Times Archived from the original on 12 November 2020 Retrieved 20 September 2020 China s Lenovo to buy Brazilian electronics company CCE Reuters 5 September 2012 Archived from the original on 17 September 2012 Retrieved 15 September 2012 Lenovo to acquire Brazil s biggest PC maker EE Times 5 September 2012 Archived from the original on 31 October 2012 Retrieved 15 September 2012 Mehta Stephanie N 5 September 2012 Urgency drives Lenovo deal in Brazil Fortune Tech Tech fortune cnn com Archived from the original on 15 January 2013 Retrieved 7 January 2013 Yun Liau 25 September 2012 Lenovo to stop buying hardware companies ZDNet Archived from the original on 10 November 2014 Retrieved 7 January 2013 Lenovo buys US based Stoneware to strengthen its cloud computing services The Next Web Archived from the original on 3 March 2021 Retrieved 18 September 2012 Lenovo Acquires Stoneware to Expand Secure Cloud Computing Lenovo Archived from the original on 21 September 2012 Retrieved 18 September 2012 Mozur Paul 18 September 2012 Lenovo Acquires U S Software Firm The Wall Street Journal Archived from the original on 12 August 2017 Retrieved 12 July 2012 Lenovo Makes First Software Buy to Expand in Cloud Computing Bloomberg Businessweek 18 September 2012 Archived from the original on 22 September 2012 Retrieved 12 July 2012 a b Lenovo Eying Growth in China Smartphone Sector Taipei Times CNA 5 November 2012 taipeitimes com Archived from the original on 2 May 2013 Retrieved 19 November 2012 a b c d Einhorn Bruce 3 January 2013 In China s Smartphone Market Lenovo Gets Busy Bloomberg Businessweek businessweek com Archived from the original on 21 January 2013 Retrieved 26 January 2013 Lee Melanie 6 May 2012 Chris Lewis ed Lenovo to launch mobile devices facility in central China Reuters reuters com Archived from the original on 24 September 2015 Retrieved 7 May 2012 Lenovo and EMC Create LenovoEMC JV to Bring Network Attached Storage to SMBs and Distributed Enterprise Sites 3 January 2013 Archived from the original on 31 January 2021 Retrieved 26 January 2021 Bradley Tony Bradley PCWorld About Practical IT insight from Tony 11 January 2013 Lenovo and EMC partner on storage for SMBs PCWorld Archived from the original on 23 September 2020 Retrieved 26 January 2021 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link CS1 maint numeric names authors list link Hutchinson Lee 3 January 2013 Storage giant EMC unites with PC OEM Lenovo on new joint venture Ars Technica Archived from the original on 31 January 2021 Retrieved 26 January 2021 January 2013 Brad Chacos 11 11 January 2013 LenovoEMC Forms to Bring NAS Solutions to Businesses of All Sizes LaptopMag Archived from the original on 3 February 2021 Retrieved 26 January 2021 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint numeric names authors list link LenovoEMC Network Storage Lenovo UK www lenovo com Archived from the original on 15 July 2019 Retrieved 15 March 2019 Kunert Paul 23 January 2014 It was inevitable Lenovo stumps up 2 3bn for IBM System x server biz channelregister co uk The Register Archived from the original on 24 January 2014 Retrieved 23 January 2014 Kay Roger How Lenovo Can Turn Liabilities Into Assets Forbes Archived from the original on 29 May 2018 Retrieved 2 September 2017 Lenovo says 2 1 billion IBM x86 server deal to close on Wednesday Press release Reuters 29 September 2014 Archived from the original on 17 November 2015 Retrieved 1 July 2017 Moorhead Patrick 26 June 2014 IBM Lenovo Server Agreement Basically A Done Deal Forbes Archived from the original on 29 May 2018 Retrieved 9 May 2015 Osawa Juro 29 September 2014 Lenovo Set to Close IBM Deal Eyes Top Spot in Server Business The Wall Street Journal Archived from the original on 4 October 2014 Retrieved 27 July 2017 Jobs cuts not ruled out as Lenovo swallows IBM s x86 server business The Australian Archived from the original on 14 October 2014 Retrieved 6 October 2014 Lenovo CEO Vows To Turn Around Motorola in 6 Quarters Mobile Tech on CIO Today Archived from the original on 5 March 2014 Retrieved 5 March 2014 Bennett Drake 17 May 2014 China s Lenovo finds treasure in other companies castoffs SFGate Archived from the original on 21 May 2014 Retrieved 5 June 2014 European Union approves Lenovo s Google Motorola acquisition TechWire Insider Editor s Blog at WRAL TechWire WRAL TechWire Archived from the original on 14 July 2014 Retrieved 3 July 2014 Warren Tom 30 October 2014 Motorola is now part of Lenovo The Verge Archived from the original on 3 March 2021 Retrieved 30 October 2014 Lenovo Completes Motorola Acquisition The Wall Street Journal 30 October 2014 Archived from the original on 2 November 2014 Retrieved 30 October 2014 subscription required Osborne Charlie Lenovo buys mobile 3G LTE technology patent portfolio ZDNet Archived from the original on 12 November 2014 Retrieved 17 April 2020 Snyder Bulik Beth 28 May 2015 Worldwide PC Leader Lenovo Rebrands For Post PC World Advertising Age United States Archived from the original on 2 June 2015 Retrieved 8 June 2015 Trivedi Anjani 3 June 2015 Lenovo Heats Up Hong Kong s Dim Sum Bond Market The Wall Street Journal United States Archived from the original on 7 June 2015 Retrieved 8 June 2015 Novinson Michael 2 October 2014 Lenovo President X86 To Be Fully Integrated Into Business CRN Archived from the original on 6 October 2014 Retrieved 6 October 2014 IBM results show shift to AI and cloud business focus ComputerWeekly Archived from the original on 6 June 2017 Retrieved 30 May 2017 Mu Hyun Cho How Lenovo mixed eastern and western cultures to take a Chinese firm global ZDNet ZDNet Archived from the original on 30 March 2018 Retrieved 5 April 2018 a b Two Years After IBM PCD Deal Lenovo Still Faces Challenges www gartner com Archived from the original on 5 April 2018 Retrieved 5 April 2018 Lenovo Plans to Acquire IBM s x86 Server Business Lenovo Newsroom news lenovo com Archived from the original on 5 April 2018 Retrieved 5 April 2018 a b Lenovo gets into server based storage virtualization with DataCore theregister co uk 15 March 2017 Archived from the original on 19 May 2017 Retrieved 26 May 2017 Fujitsu Lenovo and DBJ form PC Joint Venture Archived 9 January 2018 at the Wayback Machine Fujitsu Global 02 November 2017 Lenovo Attains Status as Largest Global Provider of TOP500 Supercomputers Business Wire 25 June 2018 Archived from the original on 28 June 2018 Retrieved 27 June 2018 Song Jingli 13 January 2021 World s largest PC vendor Lenovo to list on Shanghai Star Market KrASIA Retrieved 12 August 2022 Alspach Kyle 22 June 2021 Lenovo Unveils Forthcoming Partner Program Lenovo 360 To Unite PC And Data Center Businesses CRN Retrieved 9 April 2022 Haranas Mark 28 May 2021 Lenovo PC Sales Soar 46 Percent Annual Revenue Hits 60B CRN Retrieved 10 April 2022 Chanthadavong Aimee 27 May 2021 Lenovo full year revenue soars past 60 billion mark following 20 uplift ZDNet Retrieved 10 April 2022 Lenovo stock drops 17 after withdrawing Shanghai listing application Reuters 11 October 2021 Retrieved 12 August 2022 Ouyang Iris 9 October 2021 Lenovo withdraws Star IPO in setback for China s tech centre stage South China Morning Post Retrieved 12 August 2022 Crowell Todd 2008 Ever heard of Lenovo Haier CNOOC You will Christian Science Monitor 30 JUN 2005 Archived from the original on 10 November 2014 Retrieved 21 October 2008 Mullaney Thomas S 16 July 2018 90 000 Characters on 1 Keyboard Foreign Policy Archived from the original on 9 November 2020 Retrieved 25 April 2020 Free Trademark Search Legend Trademarkia com Archived from the original on 5 April 2016 Retrieved 22 March 2016 Fletcher Owen Tibken Shara Tadena Nathalie 13 October 2011 Lenovo passes Dell to become world s No 2 PC maker MarketWatch Archived from the original on 16 October 2011 Retrieved 13 October 2011 a b c d From guard shack to global giant Chinese industry The Economist 12 January 2013 Archived from the original on 24 February 2014 Retrieved 5 February 2013 Reisinger Don 10 January 2013 Lenovo chief We re in the PC plus not post PC era CNET Archived from the original on 21 January 2013 Retrieved 28 September 2013 Tracy Phillip 27 September 2019 Lenovo ThinkPad X1 Carbon Review LaptopMag Archived from the original on 2 February 2021 Retrieved 4 December 2020 Brant Tom 21 August 2019 Lenovo ThinkPad X1 Carbon PCMag Archived from the original on 20 October 2020 Retrieved 4 December 2020 Design Matters The Bento Box Archived from the original on 29 September 2011 Retrieved 3 October 2011 Ohnesorge Lauren Meet the father of the ThinkPad laptop Triangle Business Journal Archived from the original on 3 March 2021 Retrieved 22 November 2020 IBM Archives IBM ThinkPads in space Archived from the original on 20 July 2011 REINVENT NEW FRONTIERS hp com Archived from the original on 2 September 2019 Retrieved 2 September 2019 Lenovo Company History Archived from the original on 13 April 2012 Retrieved 22 September 2011 ThinkCentre Desktop Features Archived from the original on 14 February 2012 Retrieved 20 February 2012 a b c Mitchell Dave 7 November 2008 Lenovo ThinkServer TS100 review Archived from the original on 20 August 2012 Retrieved 19 December 2011 Hill David 22 August 2008 ThinkServer Debut Archived from the original on 14 June 2011 Retrieved 19 December 2011 Future Defined Data Center June 20 Announcement gt Lenovo Press lenovopress com Retrieved 16 March 2021 What s New New AMD Based Servers gt Lenovo Press lenovopress com Retrieved 16 March 2021 Lenovo Provides Customers with an EPYC Choice in Data Center Servers lenovoxperience Retrieved 16 March 2021 Haranas Mark 14 May 2019 Lenovo s Kevin Hooper Our Vision Is To Be The Most Trusted Data Center Partner In The Industry CRN Retrieved 16 March 2021 Hiner Jason 10 January 2014 CES 2014 Lenovo talks up 799 4K monitor that works with existing computers TechRepublic Archived from the original on 14 February 2014 Retrieved 7 February 2014 Howse Brett Lenovo Launches ThinkVision Displays With USB C Docking At CES Archived from the original on 17 February 2016 Retrieved 17 February 2016 Lenovo IdeaPad Hands On Roundup Archived from the original on 5 November 2013 Retrieved 3 October 2011 For starters the design of the IdeaPads marks a significant change for Lenovo Unlike the all business classic ThinkPad line that Lenovo inherited from IBM the IdeaPads have a consumer focused feel Lenovo IdeaPad Hands On Roundup Archived from the original on 5 November 2013 Retrieved 3 October 2011 The glossy screens feature a flush mount bezel which makes the transition from LCD to keyboard look incredibly smooth Lenovo Statement on Linux Support for Yoga Lenovo Newsroom news lenovo com Archived from the original on 26 September 2016 Retrieved 22 September 2016 Lenovo s Signature laptops refuse to install Linux BBC News 21 September 2016 Archived from the original on 20 January 2019 Retrieved 22 September 2016 Lenovo confirms that Linux won t work on Yoga 900 and 900S laptops VentureBeat 22 September 2016 Archived from the original on 17 September 2017 Retrieved 22 September 2016 Lenovo denies deliberately blocking Linux on Windows 10 PCs TechRepublic TechRepublic 21 September 2016 Archived from the original on 24 September 2016 Retrieved 22 September 2016 Kingsley Hughes Adrian Lenovo reportedly blocking Linux on Windows 10 Signature Edition PCs updated ZDNet ZDNet Archived from the original on 3 January 2020 Retrieved 22 September 2016 Martin Alexander 28 October 2016 Lenovo downward dogs with Yoga BIOS update supporting Linux installs The Register Archived from the original on 25 June 2019 Retrieved 24 March 2019 Linux Only BIOS Update for Windows 10 64 bit Yoga 900 13ISK2 US pcsupport lenovo com Archived from the original on 15 July 2019 Retrieved 24 March 2019 a b c Willington Ray 4 January 2011 Lenovo Introduces New Line Of IdeaCentre Desktops All In One PCs At CES Archived from the original on 5 December 2011 Retrieved 22 September 2011 a b c Lenovo announces its first desktop IdeaCentre K210 30 June 2008 Archived from the original on 20 September 2011 Retrieved 22 September 2011 Buskirk Bob 8 November 2012 Lenovo IdeaCentre A720 Review Archived from the original on 10 November 2012 Retrieved 19 November 2012 Lenovo IdeaCentre A720 Review 8 November 2012 Archived from the original on 17 February 2013 Retrieved 25 November 2012 Lenovo debuts giant IdeaCentre Horizon Table PC msnNOW com 7 January 2013 Archived from the original on 17 February 2013 Retrieved 6 February 2013 Lenovo Legion Y720 and Y520 laptops launch for your gaming and VR needs 3 January 2017 Archived from the original on 27 October 2020 Retrieved 23 October 2020 Lenovo s Legion Y920 is a high end gaming laptop with a price to match 18 May 2017 Archived from the original on 26 October 2020 Retrieved 23 October 2020 Lenovo s Legion Gets Bigger with Y920 17 inch G SYNC Core i7 K GTX 1070 TB3 Archived from the original on 26 October 2020 Retrieved 23 October 2020 New Lenovo Legion Gaming PCs are Stylish on the Outside Savage on the Inside Archived from the original on 26 October 2020 Retrieved 23 October 2020 Lenovo Legion 5 Pro review Bargain for hardcore gamers HT Tech 10 November 2021 Retrieved 22 November 2021 Lenovo s Windows Phone 8 Plans In Full Force First Device Out In 2013 Mobile amp apps 11 January 2013 Archived from the original on 13 January 2013 Retrieved 28 September 2013 Islam Zak 14 January 2013 Lenovo Aims to Beat Samsung as China s Top Smartphone Maker Tomshardware com Retrieved 28 September 2013 Albanesius Chloe 7 May 2012 Lenovo Spending 800 Million to Boost Smartphones Tablets PCMag Archived from the original on 12 October 2012 Retrieved 7 May 2012 Lenovo s BlackBerry takeover was reportedly thwarted by the Canadian government The Verge 5 November 2013 Archived from the original on 25 January 2014 Retrieved 30 January 2014 Lenovo wants to sell phones in the US within a year The Verge 26 May 2013 Archived from the original on 2 February 2014 Retrieved 30 January 2014 Google sells Motorola to Lenovo for 2 91 billion The Verge 29 January 2014 Archived from the original on 4 October 2018 Retrieved 30 January 2014 Microsoft Announces Motorola Owner Lenovo As New Windows Phone Hardware Partner Archived from the original on 23 February 2014 Retrieved 23 February 2014 By author outlet Lenovo Is Making The First Google Project Tango Phone Archived 22 June 2017 at the Wayback Machine 8 January 2016 How Samsung Apple Huaaei Lenovo Xiaomi performed in 2015 telecomlead 28 January 2016 Archived from the original on 7 April 2016 Retrieved 11 June 2017 Press Release Apple Huawei and Xiaomi Finish 2015 with Above Average Year Over Year Growth as Worldwide Smartphone Shipments Surpass 1 4 Billion for the Year According to IDC IDC 27 January 2016 Archived from the original on 7 June 2017 Retrieved 11 June 2017 2016 17 Interim Report PDF Lenovo Group Limited Archived PDF from the original on 6 May 2017 Retrieved 8 June 2017 Kang John 29 September 2016 What Happened To Lenovo Once A Top Chinese Smartphone Maker Forbes Archived from the original on 28 December 2016 Retrieved 11 June 2017 Pletz John 25 August 2015 Lenovo s problem isn t Moto Crain s Chicago Business Archived from the original on 3 March 2021 Retrieved 11 June 2017 Savov Vlad 17 May 2016 Lenovo and Motorola are repeating the mistakes of HP and Palm The Verge Archived from the original on 3 March 2021 Retrieved 11 June 2017 Philipson Graeme 14 August 2015 Lenovo battles with Motorola problems sacks 3200 ITWire Archived from the original on 19 February 2016 Retrieved 11 June 2017 Benson Matthew 24 November 2015 Updated Report Lenovo Mobile to be dissolved and sell all phones under the Motorola branding Android Authority Archived from the original on 12 March 2017 Retrieved 11 June 2017 Cheng Roger 1 March 2017 Moto Z this is your mission Make Motorola relevant again CNET Archived from the original on 27 May 2017 Retrieved 11 June 2017 Chao Loretta Fletcher Owen 30 November 2011 Lenovo Sets Web Linked TV The Wall Street Journal Lenovo aims to sell 1m smart TVs Archived from the original on 8 April 2014 Retrieved 7 April 2014 Lenovo smartband has seven day battery life Archived from the original on 8 October 2014 Retrieved 6 October 2014 Lenovo Smartband doesn t just track fitness it unlocks your computer CNET CBS Interactive 27 October 2014 Archived from the original on 18 July 2020 Retrieved 20 February 2020 MarketScreener 28 May 2015 Cogobuy Lenovo to Build Intelligent Hardware Ecosystem MarketScreener www marketscreener com Archived from the original on 21 January 2019 Retrieved 21 January 2019 PYMNTS 1 June 2015 Lenovo Urges Biz To Procure High Tech Hardware PYMNTS com Archived from the original on 21 January 2019 Retrieved 21 January 2019 Nona Tepper 20 May 2016 Sales surge 56 on Cogobuy s electronics marketplaces Digital Commerce 360 Archived from the original on 21 January 2019 Retrieved 21 January 2019 艾華迪集團 Cogobuy Launches Strategic Cooperation with Lenovo to Build Intelligent Hardware Open Ecosystem www avaval com 29 May 2015 Archived from the original on 21 January 2019 Retrieved 21 January 2019 Heater Brian 30 August 2018 Lenovo launches a bunch of smart home products TC techcrunch Archived from the original on 5 September 2018 Retrieved 5 September 2018 O Donnell Lindsey 21 February 2016 Mobile World Congress 2016 8 Breakthrough Products Lenovo Just Revealed CRN Archived from the original on 8 March 2016 Retrieved 8 March 2016 Yannan Tuo 20 October 2012 Lenovo snaps up former Motorola employees China Daily Archived from the original on 1 February 2016 Retrieved 25 January 2016 Russell Jon 7 May 2012 Lenovo Plans 800 Million Mobile Innovation Center in China The Next Web Archived from the original on 6 September 2018 Retrieved 18 June 2018 Locations Archived 14 July 2010 at the Wayback Machine Lenovo com US Retrieved 22 October 2009 Lenovo to Build Production Base in Argentina SinoCast Daily Business Beat 19 December 2011 Lenovo seeks to build its brand Warc 10 July 2012 Archived from the original on 2 November 2012 Retrieved 10 July 2012 a b c Chao Loretta 9 July 2012 As Rivals Outsource Lenovo Keeps Production In House The Wall Street Journal Archived from the original on 11 March 2016 Retrieved 12 July 2012 a b Holstein William J 8 August 2014 Lenovo Goes Global strategy business Archived from the original on 12 August 2014 Retrieved 12 August 2014 Murariu Constantin 5 July 2012 Lenovo Moves ThinkPad Production Back to Japan Softpedia Archived from the original on 9 July 2012 Retrieved 12 July 2012 Lenovo to open first U S manufacturing plant in N C Computerworld 2 October 2012 Archived from the original on 13 October 2012 Retrieved 4 October 2012 Poe Kelly 5 June 2013 Lenovo cranks up Whitsett plant News Record com Archived from the original on 3 March 2021 Retrieved 28 September 2013 a b Lenovo Group Will Build Development Center In Hong Kong s Cyberport China Tech News Asia Media Network 9 February 2015 Archived from the original on 17 March 2015 Retrieved 9 March 2015 Lenovo looking to double local production in India by next year Report Tech 2 India 26 November 2015 Archived from the original on 28 November 2015 Retrieved 1 December 2015 Lenovo to locally manufacture over 50 of its devices in 2016 IBNLive Archived from the original on 6 February 2016 Retrieved 4 February 2016 We will Make in India to sell in India Yang Yuanqing india Infoline News Service India 20 November 2015 Archived from the original on 5 February 2016 Retrieved 6 November 2015 Hvistendahl Mara Fang Lee 21 August 2020 Kids May Be Using Laptops Made With Forced Labor This Fall The Intercept Archived from the original on 24 August 2020 Retrieved 24 August 2020 Ruser Vicky Xiuzhong Xu Danielle Cave James Leibold Kelsey Munro Nathan Uyghurs for sale www aspi org au Archived from the original on 24 August 2020 Retrieved 24 August 2020 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Commerce Department Adds Eleven Chinese Entities Implicated in Human Rights Abuses in Xinjiang to the Entity List U S Department of Commerce Archived from the original on 21 July 2020 Retrieved 24 August 2020 U S faces back to school laptop shortage Washington Post ISSN 0190 8286 Retrieved 7 December 2021 Li Jane 2 March 2022 China s tech giants face a domestic backlash for plans to exit from Russia Quartz Retrieved 1 July 2022 Strumpf Dan 5 June 2022 Chinese Tech Giants Quietly Retreat from Doing Business with Russia The Wall Street Journal Among Chinese companies to halt shipments to Russia is Lenovo the world s largest maker of personal computers and the No 2 seller of the devices in Russia behind HP Inc last year a b Locations Archive Lenovo Retrieved on 12 October 2012 Executive Headquarters Morrisville 1009 Think Place Morrisville NC 27560 USA 联系我们 Archive Lenovo Retrieved on 12 October 2012 行政总部 地址 1009 Think Place Morrisville NC 27560 USA Lenovo plans HQ in N C Archive Associated Press at the Charlotte Observer Friday 17 March 2006 Retrieved on 12 October 2012 McGregor p 204 Lenovo launches convertible tablets The News amp Observer Raleigh N C 10 October 2012 Archived from the original on 28 July 2013 Fact Sheet Mar 2012 Archive Lenovo Retrieved on 12 October 2012 dead link 2011 12 Annual Report Lenovo Group Limited Archive Lenovo p 177 Retrieved on 12 October 2012 REGISTERED OFFICE 23rd Floor Lincoln House Taikoo Place 979 King s Road Quarry Bay Hong Kong Hogan Patrick Lenovo shifting U S headquarters to Morrisville but will cut 300 350 Triangle jobs Triangle Business Journal Thursday 16 March 2006 Updated Friday 17 March 2006 p 1 Archived 17 February 2013 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 12 October 2012 Yin Dave 21 March 2016 Lenovo completely restructures major business units and senior leadership CDN Archived from the original on 3 April 2016 Retrieved 11 April 2016 Gartner Says Worldwide PC Shipments Grew 10 7 in Fourth Quarter of 2020 and 4 8 for the Year Gartner 11 January 2021 Archived from the original on 25 January 2021 Retrieved 12 January 2021 Lenovo added to Hang Seng index Chalco out reuters com 6 February 2013 Archived from the original on 31 March 2017 Retrieved 30 March 2017 Lenovo shares at a high after blue chip anointment South China Morning Post 8 February 2013 Archived from the original on 31 March 2017 Retrieved 30 March 2017 Lenovo s Parker Here s the secret to our growth Triangle Business Journal Archived from the original on 29 April 2014 Retrieved 22 November 2013 Lee Melanie 4 September 2009 China Oceanwide buys Lenovo parent stake for 404 mln Thomson Reuters Archived from the original on 11 February 2021 Retrieved 1 July 2017 Financial Information Fact Sheet Archived from the original on 6 September 2018 Retrieved 5 September 2018 Q amp A Chinese Computer Giant Showcases Capitalist Credentials Chairman of Lenovo which acquired IBM s PC unit says the firm has few government ties Los Angeles Times 4 May 2006 How Lenovo Built a Chinese Tech Giant The Wall Street Journal 30 January 2014 32 5 of 36 is 11 7 Archived from the original on 3 August 2020 Retrieved 6 August 2020 Hamm Steve 20 April 2006 Lenovo s Foreign Affairs Archived from the original on 11 February 2017 Retrieved 8 February 2017 Ranii David 17 June 2011 Lenovo CEO makes huge stock purchase The News amp Observer Raleigh North Carolina Hille Kathrin 6 February 2009 Lenovo chief replaced in reshuffle Financial Times Archived from the original on 6 May 2015 Retrieved 8 February 2009 Little Lyneka 23 July 2012 CEO of Lenovo Gives 3 Million in Bonuses to Employees ABC News Archived from the original on 3 March 2021 Retrieved 3 August 2012 McGregor Jena 25 July 2012 Lenovo CEO Yang Yuanqing is sharing the wealth literally Washington Post Archived from the original on 31 July 2012 Retrieved 4 August 2012 Fairchild Caroline 2 September 2013 CEO Shares 3 25 Million Bonus With Hourly Workers Huffington Post Archived from the original on 5 March 2016 Retrieved 20 February 2020 Xu CY Park Madison 25 July 2012 CEO gives part of his bonus to employees CNN Archived from the original on 7 May 2018 Retrieved 4 August 2012 Bary Andrew 25 March 2013 Barron s Names World s Best CEOs Barrons com Online barrons com Archived from the original on 2 October 2013 Retrieved 28 September 2013 Face value Legend in the making The Economist 15 September 2001 Archived from the original on 22 June 2012 Retrieved 6 February 2013 Mozur Paul Kim Yun Hee 20 February 2013 Jerry Yang Joins Lenovo Board as Observer The Wall Street Journal Archived from the original on 20 October 2020 Retrieved 22 November 2020 Ashton Kutcher joins Lenovo as product engineer Archived 7 November 2017 at the Wayback Machine Usatoday com 2013 10 30 Retrieved on 2013 12 08 Blue Focus 12 August 2013 Lenovo Smartphone Launches its Major Branding Campaign by Allying with Kobe Bryant PR Newswire Archived from the original on 13 March 2016 Retrieved 26 November 2020 Kobe Bryant promotes Lenovo s K900 Marketing Interactive 17 September 2013 Archived from the original on 23 September 2016 Retrieved 26 November 2020 Pfanner Eric 26 December 2013 King of PCs Lenovo Sets Smartphone Ambitions The New York Times Archived from the original on 31 December 2013 Retrieved 27 February 2017 Fran Foo 6 April 2006 The world according to Yang Yuanqing Lenovo chief The Australian Retrieved 4 February 2013 Outside Ranii David 25 July 2012 Lenovo becomes an NFL sponsor News Observer Archived from the original on 7 October 2012 Retrieved 28 September 2012 Carp Sam 12 February 2021 Ducati MotoGP team call up Lenovo as title sponsor SportsPro Retrieved 28 February 2021 With Lenovo tech Inter keeps its brand at the top of the game lenovo com Retrieved 26 June 2021 Motorola dedica all Inter campione d Italia un esclusiva limited edition RAZR 5G in Italian inter it 14 May 2021 Retrieved 26 June 2021 New chapter in the partnership between Inter and Lenovo inter it 13 July 2021 Retrieved 21 July 2021 a b Sacco Dominic 6 June 2015 Lenovo s new look Smart Shoes and robot research we look back on Tech World PCR United Kingdom Archived from the original on 7 June 2015 Retrieved 8 June 2015 Hille Kathrin 11 July 2013 Lenovo optimistic about China s economy Financial Times FT com Archived from the original on 3 March 2021 Retrieved 28 September 2013 a b c Can Lenovo protect its leadership in PCs amp gain share in mobile tablet businesses in India The Times Of India 26 March 2013 Archived from the original on 29 March 2013 Retrieved 5 April 2013 Chowdhary Sudhir 24 February 2014 Lenovo creates a big mobile buzz The Financial Express Archived from the original on 28 February 2014 Retrieved 5 March 2014 The tech business week Lenovo to double Irish workforce Duolog opens Texas offices Silicon Republic Archived from the original on 7 June 2014 Retrieved 5 June 2014 a b Dexing Qin 13 February 2015 Lenovo Expands to Africa ECNS com Archived from the original on 18 February 2015 Retrieved 9 March 2015 Spillane Chris 10 May 2013 Lenovo Plans to Debut Africa Smartphone in Nigeria This Year Bloomberg Archived from the original on 10 November 2014 Retrieved 8 March 2017 a b Locations Lenovo Singapore www lenovo com Retrieved 16 February 2022 Address 151 Lorong Chuan 02 01 New Tech Park Singapore 556741 In the past Lenovo has maintained a strong presence in Singapore since its foundation Over the years its focus on the Southeast Asia region has led to the establishment of one of Lenovo s three head offices in Singapore Previously known as Lenovo Singapore Pte Ltd the company operated from the New Tech Park in the Lorong Chuan district situated in the North East Region of Singapore However in the present Lenovo continues to thrive and evolve in Singapore The company remains committed to the Southeast Asia market and has expanded its operations and engagement in the region The office still registered as Lenovo Singapore Pte Ltd remains strategically located at the New Tech Park in the Lorong Chuan district This location provides numerous advantages such as access to key markets and a flourishing business environment in Singapore which supports Lenovo s growth and success in the region Throughout the years Lenovo s presence in Singapore has transitioned from its early establishment to a dynamic and forward looking operation The company s commitment to the Southeast Asia market and its continued investment in Singapore reflect its recognition of the region s strategic importance and the opportunities it presents Lenovo Singapore Pte Ltd www bloomberg com Retrieved 16 February 2022 Salter Chuck 22 November 2011 Protect and Attack Lenovo s New Strategy Fast Company Archived from the original on 4 December 2013 Retrieved 1 December 2013 Vega Tanzina 28 April 2011 Lenovo Aims a Campaign at the Apple Crowd New York Times Archived from the original on 20 December 2013 Retrieved 1 December 2013 Lenovo to Start Manufacturing Computers in America ABC News Archived from the original on 11 January 2020 Retrieved 17 April 2020 Slefo George 30 September 2015 New Lenovo Campaign Plays Up Weird in the Good Way Ad Age United States Archived from the original on 7 October 2015 Retrieved 10 October 2015 Researchers Lenovo laptops ship with adware that hijacks HTTPS connections ZDNet Archived from the original on 20 May 2015 Retrieved 4 June 2015 Lenovo s security breakdown shows the danger of invisible systems The Verge 19 February 2015 Archived from the original on 7 June 2015 Retrieved 4 June 2015 Hern Alex 19 February 2015 Lenovo accused of compromising user security by installing adware on new PCs The Guardian Archived from the original on 19 February 2015 Retrieved 19 February 2015 Fox Brewster Thomas 19 February 2015 How Lenovo s Superfish Malware Works And What You Can Do To Kill It Forbes Archived from the original on 20 February 2015 Retrieved 20 February 2015 Fox Brewster Thomas 27 February 2015 Lenovo Only Made Up To 250 000 From Nightmare Superfish Deal Say Sources Forbes Archived from the original on 6 December 2017 Retrieved 9 May 2015 Weise Elizabeth 5 September 2017 FTC settles with Lenovo over a built in snooping software 3 5 million fine USA Today Archived from the original on 5 September 2017 Retrieved 5 September 2017 Superfish fallout Lenovo to give away free McAfee LiveSafe security suite Deccan Chronicle 28 February 2015 Archived from the original on 24 September 2015 Retrieved 9 March 2015 Lenovo slipped Superfish malware into laptops CNNMoney 19 February 2015 Archived from the original on 8 November 2020 Retrieved 19 February 2015 Lenovo Promises No More Bloatware Starting with Windows 10 Pcgamer Archived from the original on 8 June 2015 Retrieved 4 June 2015 Auerbach David 20 February 2015 You Had One Job Lenovo Salon Archived from the original on 1 February 2016 Retrieved 21 February 2015 Lenovo used Windows anti theft feature to install persistent crapware Ars Technica Conde Nast 12 August 2015 Archived from the original on 1 December 2017 Retrieved 22 September 2015 Sanders James 13 August 2015 Windows and UEFI anti theft mechanism makes systems less secure TechRepublic CBS Interactive Archived from the original on 10 September 2015 Retrieved 22 September 2015 Newman Jared 12 August 2015 Lenovo s Service Engine marks yet another bloatware blunder for the company PC World IDG Archived from the original on 24 September 2015 Retrieved 22 September 2015 Horowitz Michael 22 September 2015 Lenovo collects usage data on ThinkPad ThinkCentre and ThinkStation PCs Computerworld Archived from the original on 29 October 2015 Retrieved 25 October 2015 Horowitz Michael 20 October 2015 Trusting Lenovo Computerworld Archived from the original on 22 October 2015 Retrieved 25 October 2015 Unbox your laptop and say hello to security risks Archived from the original on 25 December 2018 Retrieved 25 September 2016 Out of Box Exploitation A Security Analysis of OEM Updaters PDF Archived PDF from the original on 1 June 2016 Retrieved 26 September 2016 Lenovo Urges Windows 10 Users to Uninstall Dangerous Utility 3 June 2016 Archived from the original on 27 September 2016 Retrieved 26 September 2016 Robertson Jordan Riley Michael 12 February 2021 The Long Hack How China Exploited a U S Tech Supplier Bloomberg Businessweek Retrieved 17 February 2021 Further reading editLing Zhijun 2005 The Lenovo affair the growth of China s computer giant and its takeover of IBM PC trans Martha Avery Singapore John Wiley amp Sons Asia ISBN 978 0 470 82193 0 Retrieved 16 September 2009 Hamm Steve 2008 The Race for Perfect Inside the Quest to Design the Ultimate Portlable Computer New York McGraw Hill ISBN 978 0071606103 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lenovo Official Website Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Lenovo amp oldid 1207248204, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.