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Greenwich Village

March 24, 2023

This article is about the neighborhood in Manhattan, New York City. For the village in upstate New York, see Greenwich (village), New York.

Greenwich Village (/ˈɡrɛnɪtʃ/ GREN-itch, /ˈɡrɪn-/ GRIN-, /-ɪdʒ/ -⁠ij),[4] or simply The Village, is a neighborhood on the west side of Lower Manhattan in New York City, bounded by 14th Street to the north, Broadway to the east, Houston Street to the south, and the Hudson River to the west. Greenwich Village also contains several subsections, including the West Village west of Seventh Avenue and the Meatpacking District in the northwest corner of Greenwich Village.

Greenwich Village
Neighborhood of Manhattan
Bird's eye view of Greenwich Village, facing towards the skyline of Lower Manhattan
Location in New York City
Coordinates: 40°44′01″N 74°00′10″W / 40.73361°N 74.00278°W / 40.73361; -74.00278Coordinates: 40°44′01″N 74°00′10″W / 40.73361°N 74.00278°W / 40.73361; -74.00278
Country United States
State New York
CityNew York City
BoroughManhattan
Community DistrictManhattan 2[1]
Named forGroenwijck (Green District)
Area
[2]
 • Total0.75 km2 (0.289 sq mi)
Population
[2]
 • Total22,785
 • Density30,000/km2 (79,000/sq mi)
DemonymVillager
Economics
[2]
 • Median income$119,728
Time zoneUTC−5 (Eastern)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
ZIP Codes
10003, 10011, 10012, 10014[2]
Area codes212, 332, 646, and 917
Greenwich Village Historic District
453–461 Sixth Avenue in the Historic District
LocationBoundaries:
north: W 14th St; south: Houston St; west: Hudson River; east: Broadway
Coordinates40°44′2″N 74°0′4″W / 40.73389°N 74.00111°W / 40.73389; -74.00111
Architectural stylevarious
NRHP reference No.79001604[3]
Significant dates
Added to NRHPJune 19, 1979
Designated NYCLinitial district: April 29, 1969
extension: May 2, 2006
second extension: June 22, 2010

Its name comes from Groenwijck, Dutch for "Green District".[5][a] In the 20th century, Greenwich Village was known as an artists' haven, the bohemian capital, the cradle of the modern LGBT movement, and the East Coast birthplace of both the Beat and '60s counterculture movements. Greenwich Village contains Washington Square Park, as well as two of New York City's private colleges, New York University (NYU) and The New School.[7][8]

Greenwich Village is part of Manhattan Community District 2, and is patrolled by the 6th Precinct of the New York City Police Department.[1] Greenwich Village has undergone extensive gentrification and commercialization;[9] the four ZIP Codes that constitute the Village – 10011, 10012, 10003, and 10014 – were all ranked among the ten most expensive in the United States by median housing price in 2014, according to Forbes,[10] with residential property sale prices in the West Village neighborhood typically exceeding US$2,100/sq ft ($23,000/m2) in 2017.[11]

Geography

Boundaries

 
MacDougal Street in Greenwich Village

The neighborhood is bordered by Broadway to the east, the North River (part of the Hudson River) to the west, Houston Street to the south, and 14th Street to the north. It is roughly centered on Washington Square Park and New York University. Adjacent to Greenwich Village are the neighborhoods of NoHo and the East Village to the east, SoHo and Hudson Square to the south, and Chelsea and Union Square to the north. The East Village was formerly considered part of the Lower East Side and has never been considered a part of Greenwich Village.[12] The western part of Greenwich Village is known as the West Village; the dividing line of its eastern border is debated but commonly cited as Seventh Avenue or Sixth Avenue. The Far West Village is another sub-neighborhood of Greenwich Village that is bordered on its west by the Hudson River and on its east by Hudson Street.[13]

Into the early 20th century, Greenwich Village was distinguished from the upper-class neighborhood of Washington Square—based on the major landmark of Washington Square Park[14][15] or Empire Ward[16] in the 19th century.

Encyclopædia Britannica's 1956 article on "New York (City)" states (under the subheading "Greenwich Village") that the southern border of the Village is Spring Street, reflecting an earlier understanding. Today, Spring Street overlaps with the modern, newer SoHo neighborhood designation, while the modern Encyclopædia Britannica cites the southern border as Houston Street.[17]

Grid plan

"Cornelia Street" redirects here. For the Taylor Swift song, see Cornelia Street (song).
 
The intersection of West 4th and West 12th Streets
 
Street signs at intersection of West 10th and West 4th Streets

As Greenwich Village was once a rural, isolated hamlet to the north of the 17th century European settlement on Manhattan Island, its street layout is more organic than the planned grid pattern of the 19th century grid plan (based on the Commissioners' Plan of 1811). Greenwich Village was allowed to keep the 18th century street pattern of what is now called the West Village: areas that were already built up when the plan was implemented, west of what is now Greenwich Avenue and Sixth Avenue, resulted in a neighborhood whose streets are dramatically different, in layout, from the ordered structure of the newer parts of Manhattan.[18]

Many of the neighborhood's streets are narrow and some curve at odd angles. This is generally regarded as adding to both the historic character and charm of the neighborhood. In addition, as the meandering Greenwich Street used to be on the Hudson River shoreline, much of the neighborhood west of Greenwich Street is on landfill, but still follows the older street grid.[18] When Sixth and Seventh Avenues were extended in the early 20th century, they were built diagonally to the existing street plan, and many older, smaller streets had to be demolished.[18]

Unlike the streets of most of Manhattan above Houston Street, streets in the Village are typically named rather than numbered. While some of the formerly named streets (including Factory, Herring and Amity Streets) are now numbered, they still do not always conform to the usual grid pattern when they enter the neighborhood.[18] For example, West 4th Street runs east–west across most of Manhattan, but runs north–south in Greenwich Village, causing it to intersect with West 10th, 11th, and 12th Streets before ending at West 13th Street.[18]

A large section of Greenwich Village, made up of more than 50 northern and western blocks in the area up to 14th Street, is part of a Historic District established by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission. The District's convoluted borders run no farther south than 4th Street or St. Luke's Place, and no farther east than Washington Square East or University Place.[19] Redevelopment in that area is severely restricted, and developers must preserve the main façade and aesthetics of the buildings during renovation.

Most of the buildings of Greenwich Village are mid-rise apartments, 19th century row houses, and the occasional one-family walk-up, a sharp contrast to the high-rise landscape in Midtown and Downtown Manhattan.

Political representation

Politically, Greenwich Village is in New York's 10th congressional district.[20][21] It is also in the New York State Senate's 25th district,[22][23] the New York State Assembly's 66th district,[24][25] and the New York City Council's 3rd district.[26]

History

Early years

 
Map of old Greenwich Village. A section of Bernard Ratzer's map of New York and its suburbs, made c. 1766 for Henry Moore, royal governor of New York, when Greenwich was more than 2 miles (3 km) from the city.

In the 16th century, Lenape referred to its farthest northwest corner, by the cove on the Hudson River at present-day Gansevoort Street, as Sapokanikan ("tobacco field"). The land was cleared and turned into pasture by Dutch and their slaves, who named their settlement Noortwyck (also spelled Noortwijck, "North district", equivalent to ‘Northwich/Northwick’). In the 1630s, Governor Wouter van Twiller farmed tobacco on 200 acres (0.81 km2) here at his "Farm in the Woods".[27] The English conquered the Dutch settlement of New Netherland in 1664, and Greenwich Village developed as a hamlet separate from the larger New York City to the south on land that would eventually become the Financial District. In 1644, the eleven Dutch African settlers in the area were freed after the first Black legal protest in America.[b] All received parcels of land in what is now Greenwich Village,[28] in an area that became known as the Land of the Blacks.

The earliest known reference to the village's name as "Greenwich" dates back to 1696, in the will of Yellis Mandeville of Greenwich; however, the village was not mentioned in the city records until 1713.[29] Sir Peter Warren began accumulating land in 1731 and built a frame house capacious enough to hold sittings of the New York General Assembly when smallpox rendered the city dangerous in 1739 and subsequent years; on one occasion in 1746, the house of Mordecai Gomez was used.[30][31] Warren's house, which survived until the Civil War era, overlooked the North River from a bluff; its site on the block bounded by Perry and Charles Streets, Bleecker and West 4th Streets,[32] can still be recognized by its mid-19th century rowhouses inserted into a neighborhood still retaining many houses of the 1830–37 boom.

From 1797[33] until 1829,[34] the bucolic village of Greenwich was the location of New York State's first penitentiary, Newgate Prison, on the Hudson River at what is now West 10th Street,[33] near the Christopher Street pier.[35] The building was designed by Joseph-François Mangin, who would later co-design New York City Hall.[36] Although the intention of its first warden, Quaker prison reformer Thomas Eddy, was to provide a rational and humanitarian place for retribution and rehabilitation, the prison soon became an overcrowded and pestilent place, subject to frequent riots by the prisoners which damaged the buildings and killed some inmates.[33] By 1821, the prison, designed for 432 inmates, held 817 instead, a number made possible only by the frequent release of prisoners, sometimes as many as 50 a day.[37] Since the prison was north of the New York City boundary at the time, being sentenced to Newgate became known as being "sent up the river". This term became popularized once prisoners started being sentenced to Sing Sing Prison, in the town of Ossining upstream of New York City.[35]

The oldest house remaining in Greenwich Village is the Isaacs-Hendricks House, at 77 Bedford Street (built 1799, much altered and enlarged 1836, third story 1928).[38] When the Church of St. Luke in the Fields was founded in 1820, it stood in fields south of the road (now Christopher Street) that led from Greenwich Lane (now Greenwich Avenue) down to a landing on the North River. In 1822, a yellow fever epidemic in New York encouraged residents to flee to the healthier air of Greenwich Village, and afterwards many stayed. The future site of Washington Square was a potter's field from 1797 to 1823 when up to 20,000 of New York's poor were buried here, and still remain. The handsome Greek revival rowhouses on the north side of Washington Square were built about 1832, establishing the fashion of Washington Square and lower Fifth Avenue for decades to come. Well into the 19th century, the district of Washington Square was considered separate from Greenwich Village.

Reputation as urban bohemia

Further information: LGBTQ culture in New York City
 
Gay Street at the corner of Waverly Place; the street's name refers to a colonial family, not the LGBT character of Greenwich Village

Greenwich Village historically was known as an important landmark on the map of American bohemian culture in the early and mid-20th century. The neighborhood was known for its colorful, artistic residents and the alternative culture they propagated. Due in part to the progressive attitudes of many of its residents, the Village was a focal point of new movements and ideas, whether political, artistic, or cultural. This tradition as an enclave of avant-garde and alternative culture was established during the 19th century and continued into the 20th century, when small presses, art galleries, and experimental theater thrived. In 1969, enraged members of the gay community, in search for equality, started the Stonewall riots. The Stonewall Inn was later recognized as a National Historic Landmark for having been the location where the gay rights movement originated.[39][40][41]

The Tenth Street Studio Building was situated at 51 West 10th Street between Fifth and Sixth Avenues. The building was commissioned by James Boorman Johnston[c] and designed by Richard Morris Hunt. Its innovative design soon represented a national architectural prototype, and featured a domed central gallery, from which interconnected rooms radiated. Hunt's studio within the building housed the first architectural school in the United States. Soon after its completion in 1857, the building helped to make Greenwich Village central to the arts in New York City, drawing artists from all over the country to work, exhibit, and sell their art. In its initial years Winslow Homer took a studio there,[43] as did Edward Lamson Henry, and many of the artists of the Hudson River School, including Frederic Church and Albert Bierstadt.[44]

From the late 19th century until the present, the Hotel Albert has served as a cultural icon of Greenwich Village. Opened during the 1880s and originally located at 11th Street and University Place, called the Hotel St. Stephan and then, after 1902, called the Hotel Albert while under the ownership of William Ryder, it served as a meeting place, restaurant and dwelling for several important artists and writers from the late 19th century well into the 20th century. After 1902, the owner's brother Albert Pinkham Ryder lived and painted there. Some other noted guests who lived there include: Augustus St. Gaudens, Robert Louis Stevenson, Mark Twain, Hart Crane, Walt Whitman, Anaïs Nin, Thomas Wolfe, Robert Lowell, Horton Foote, Salvador Dalí, Philip Guston, Jackson Pollock, and Andy Warhol.[45][46] During the golden age of bohemianism, Greenwich Village became famous for such eccentrics as Joe Gould (profiled at length by Joseph Mitchell) and Maxwell Bodenheim, dancer Isadora Duncan, writer William Faulkner, and playwright Eugene O'Neill. Political rebellion also made its home here, whether serious (John Reed) or frivolous (Marcel Duchamp and friends set off balloons from atop Washington Square Arch, proclaiming the founding of "The Independent Republic of Greenwich Village" on January 24, 1917).[47][48]

 
The Cherry Lane Theatre is located in Greenwich Village.
 
The annual Greenwich Village Halloween Parade is the world's largest Halloween parade, with millions of spectators annually, and has its roots in New York’s queer community.[49]

In 1924, the Cherry Lane Theatre was established. Located at 38 Commerce Street, it is New York City's oldest continuously running Off-Broadway theater. A landmark in Greenwich Village's cultural landscape, it was built as a farm silo in 1817, and also served as a tobacco warehouse and box factory before Edna St. Vincent Millay and other members of the Provincetown Players converted the structure into a theatre they christened the Cherry Lane Playhouse, which opened on March 24, 1924, with the play The Man Who Ate the Popomack. During the 1940s The Living Theatre, Theatre of the Absurd, and the Downtown Theater movement all took root there, and it developed a reputation as a showcase for aspiring playwrights and emerging voices.

In one of the many Manhattan properties that Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney and her husband owned, Gertrude Whitney established the Whitney Studio Club at 8 West 8th Street in 1914, as a facility where young artists could exhibit their works. By the 1930s it had evolved into her greatest legacy, the Whitney Museum of American Art, on the site of today's New York Studio School of Drawing, Painting and Sculpture. The Whitney was founded in 1931, as an answer to the Museum of Modern Art, founded 1928, and its collection of mostly European modernism and its neglect of American Art. Gertrude Whitney decided to put the time and money into the museum after the New York Metropolitan Museum of Art turned down her offer to contribute her twenty-five-year collection of modern art works.[50] In 1936, the renowned Abstract Expressionist artist and teacher Hans Hofmann moved his art school from East 57th Street to 52 West 9th Street. In 1938, Hofmann moved again to a more permanent home at 52 West 8th Street. The school remained active until 1958, when Hofmann retired from teaching.[51]

On January 8, 1947, stevedore Andy Hintz was fatally shot by hitmen John M. Dunn, Andrew Sheridan, and Danny Gentile in front of his apartment. Before he died on January 29, he told his wife that "Johnny Dunn shot me."[52] The three gunmen were immediately arrested. Sheridan and Dunn were executed.[53]

The Village hosted the nation's first racially integrated nightclub,[54] when Café Society was opened in 1938 at 1 Sheridan Square[55] by Barney Josephson. Café Society showcased African American talent and was intended to be an American version of the political cabarets that Josephson had seen in Europe before World War I. Notable performers there included: Pearl Bailey, Count Basie, Nat King Cole, John Coltrane, Miles Davis, Ella Fitzgerald, Coleman Hawkins, Billie Holiday, Lena Horne, Burl Ives, Lead Belly, Anita O'Day, Charlie Parker, Les Paul and Mary Ford, Paul Robeson, Kay Starr, Art Tatum, Sarah Vaughan, Dinah Washington, Josh White, Teddy Wilson, Lester Young, and the Weavers, who also in Christmas 1949, played at the Village Vanguard.

The annual Greenwich Village Halloween Parade, initiated in 1974 by Greenwich Village puppeteer and mask maker Ralph Lee, is the world's largest Halloween parade and America's only major Halloween nighttime parade, attracting more than 60,000 costumed participants, two million in-person spectators, and a worldwide television audience of over 100 million.[56] The parade has its roots in New York’s queer community.[49]

Postwar

 
The Stonewall Inn, a designated U.S. National Historic Landmark and National Monument, as the site of the June 1969 Stonewall riots and the cradle of the modern gay rights movement.[39][40][41]

Greenwich Village again became important to the bohemian scene during the 1950s, when the Beat Generation focused their energies there. Fleeing from what they saw as oppressive social conformity, a loose collection of writers, poets, artists, and students (later known as the Beats) and the Beatniks, moved to Greenwich Village, and to North Beach in San Francisco, in many ways creating the U.S. East Coast and West Coast predecessors, respectively, to the East Village-Haight Ashbury hippie scene of the next decade. The Village (and surrounding New York City) would later play central roles in the writings of, among others, Maya Angelou, James Baldwin, William S. Burroughs, Truman Capote, Allen Ginsberg, Jack Kerouac, Rod McKuen, Marianne Moore, and Dylan Thomas, who collapsed at the Chelsea Hotel, and died at St. Vincents Hospital at 170 West 12th Street, in the Village after drinking at the White Horse Tavern on November 5, 1953.

Off-Off-Broadway began in Greenwich Village in 1958 as a reaction to Off Broadway, and a "complete rejection of commercial theatre".[57] Among the first venues for what would soon be called "Off-Off-Broadway" (a term supposedly coined by critic Jerry Tallmer of the Village Voice) were coffeehouses in Greenwich Village, in particular, the Caffe Cino at 31 Cornelia Street, operated by the eccentric Joe Cino, who early on took a liking to actors and playwrights and agreed to let them stage plays there without bothering to read the plays first, or to even find out much about the content. Also integral to the rise of Off-Off-Broadway were Ellen Stewart at La MaMa, originally located at 321 E. 9th Street, and Al Carmines at the Judson Poets' Theater, located at Judson Memorial Church on the south side of Washington Square Park.

The Village had a cutting-edge cabaret and music scene. The Village Gate, the Village Vanguard, and the Blue Note (since 1981) regularly hosted some of the biggest names in jazz. Greenwich Village also played a major role in the development of the folk music scene of the 1960s. Music clubs included Gerde's Folk City, The Bitter End, Cafe Au Go Go, Cafe Wha?, The Gaslight Cafe and The Bottom Line. Three of the four members of the Mamas & the Papas met there. Guitarist and folk singer Dave Van Ronk lived there for many years. Village resident and cultural icon Bob Dylan by the mid-60s had become one of the world's foremost popular songwriters, and often developments in Greenwich Village would influence the simultaneously occurring folk rock movement in San Francisco and elsewhere, and vice versa. Dozens of other cultural and popular icons got their start in the Village's nightclub, theater, and coffeehouse scene during the 1950s, 1960s, and early 1970s. Many artists garnered critical acclaim, some before and some after, performed in the Village. This list includes Eric Andersen, Joan Baez, Jackson Browne, the Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, Richie Havens, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Ian, the Kingston Trio, the Lovin' Spoonful, Bette Midler, Liza Minnelli, Joni Mitchell, Maria Muldaur, Laura Nyro, Phil Ochs, Tom Paxton, Peter, Paul, and Mary, Carly Simon, Simon & Garfunkel, Nina Simone, Barbra Streisand, James Taylor, and the Velvet Underground. The Greenwich Village of the 1950s and 1960s was at the center of Jane Jacobs's book The Death and Life of Great American Cities, which defended it and similar communities, while criticizing common urban renewal policies of the time.

Founded by New York-based artist Mercedes Matter and her students, the New York Studio School of Drawing, Painting and Sculpture is an art school formed in the mid-1960s in the Village. Officially opened September 23, 1964, the school is still active, at 8 W. 8th Street, the site of the original Whitney Museum of American Art.[58]

Greenwich Village was home to a safe house used by the radical anti-war movement known as the Weather Underground. On March 6, 1970, their safehouse was destroyed when an explosive device they were constructing was accidentally detonated, killing three of their members (Ted Gold, Terry Robbins, and Diana Oughton).

The Village has been a center for movements that challenged the wider American culture, most notably its seminal role in sparking the gay liberation movement. The Stonewall riots were a series of spontaneous, violent protests by members of the gay community against a police raid that took place in the early morning hours of June 28, 1969, at the Stonewall Inn, 53 Christopher Street. Considered together, the demonstrations are widely considered to constitute the single most important event leading to the gay liberation movement and the modern fight for LGBT rights in the United States.[59][60] On June 23, 2015, the Stonewall Inn was the first landmark in New York City to be recognized by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission on the basis of its status in LGBT history,[61] and on June 24, 2016, the Stonewall National Monument was named the first U.S. National Monument dedicated to the LGBTQ-rights movement.[62] Greenwich Village contains the world's oldest gay and lesbian bookstore, Oscar Wilde Bookshop, founded in 1967, while The Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual & Transgender Community Center – best known as simply "The Center" – has occupied the former Food & Maritime Trades High School at 208 West 13th Street since 1984. In 2006, the Village was the scene of an assault involving seven lesbians and a straight man that sparked appreciable media attention, with strong statements defending both sides of the case.

Preservation

 
The Washington Square Arch, an unofficial icon of Greenwich Village and nearby New York University

Since the end of the 20th century, many artists and local historians have mourned the fact that the bohemian days of Greenwich Village are long gone, because of the extraordinarily high housing costs in the neighborhood.[63] The artists fled to other New York City neighborhoods including SoHo, Tribeca, Dumbo, Williamsburg, and Long Island City. Nevertheless, residents of Greenwich Village still possess a strong community identity and are proud of their neighborhood's unique history and fame, and its well-known liberal live-and-let-live attitudes.[63]

Historically, local residents and preservation groups have been concerned about development in the Village and have fought to preserve its architectural and historic integrity. In the 1960s, Margot Gayle led a group of citizens to preserve the Jefferson Market Courthouse (later reused as Jefferson Market Library),[64] while other citizen groups fought to keep traffic out of Washington Square Park,[65] and Jane Jacobs, using the Village as an example of a vibrant urban community, advocated to keep it that way.

Since then, preservation has been a part of the Village ethos. Shortly after the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission (LPC) was established in 1965, it acted to protect parts of Greenwich Village, designating the small Charlton-King-Vandam Historic District in 1966, which contains the city's largest concentration of row houses in the Federal style, as well as a significant concentration of Greek Revival houses, and the even smaller MacDougal-Sullivan Gardens Historic District in 1967, a group of 22 houses sharing a common back garden, built in the Greek Revival style and later renovated with Colonial Revival façades. In 1969, the LPC designated the Greenwich Village Historic District – which remained the city's largest for four decades – despite preservationists' advocacy for the entire neighborhood to be designated an historic district. Advocates continued to pursue their goal of additional designation, spurred in particular by the increased pace of development in the 1990s.

Rezoned areas

 
396–397 West Street at West 10th Street is a former hotel which dates from 1904, and is part of the Weehawken Street Historic District.

The Greenwich Village Society for Historic Preservation (GVSHP), a nonprofit organization dedicated to the architectural and cultural character and heritage of the neighborhood, successfully proposed new districts and individual landmarks to the LPC. Those include:[66]

  • Gansevoort Market Historic District was the first new historic district in Greenwich Village in 34 years. The 112 buildings on 11 blocks protect the city's distinctive Meatpacking District with its cobblestone streets, warehouses and rowhouses. About 70 percent of the area proposed by GVSHP in 2000 was designated a historic district by the LPC in 2003, while the entire area was listed on the State and National Registers of Historic Places in 2007.[67][68]
  • Weehawken Street Historic District, designated in 2006, is a 14-building, three-block district near the Hudson River centering on tiny Weehawken Street and containing an array of architecture including a sailors' hotel, former stables, and a wooden house.[69]
  • Greenwich Village Historic District Extension I, designated in 2006, brought 46 more buildings on three blocks into the district, thus protecting warehouses, a former public school and police station, and early 19th century rowhouses. Both the Weehawken Street Historic District and the Greenwich Village Historic District Extension I were designated by the LPC in response to the larger proposal for a Far West Village Historic District submitted by GVSHP in 2004.[69]
  • Greenwich Village Historic District Extension II, designated in 2010, embracing 225 buildings on 12 blocks, contains 19th century houses, 19th and 20th century tenements, and a variety of cultural landmarks.[70]
  • South Village Historic District, designated in 2013, covers 235 buildings on 13 blocks, representing the largest single expansion of landmark protections in Greenwich Village since 1969. It includes well-preserved and renovated 19th century houses, colorful tenements, and a variety of sites important to the area's rich immigrant, artistic, and Italian-American history, as well as several low-rise, historically significant New York University buildings on Washington Square South.[71]

The Landmarks Preservation Commission designated as landmarks several individual sites proposed by the Greenwich Village Society for Historic Preservation, including the former Bell Telephone Labs Complex (1861–1933), now Westbeth Artists' Housing, designated in 2011;[72] the Silver Towers/University Village Complex (1967), designed by I.M. Pei and including the Picasso sculpture "Portrait of Sylvette," designated in 2008;[73] and three early 19th-century federal houses at 127, 129 and 131 MacDougal Street.

Several contextual rezonings were enacted in Greenwich Village in recent years to limit the size and height of allowable new development in the neighborhood, and to encourage the preservation of existing buildings. The following were proposed by the GVSHP and passed by the City Planning Commission:

  • Far West Village Rezoning, approved in 2005, was the first downzoning in Manhattan in many years, putting in place new height caps, thus ending construction of high-rise waterfront towers in much of the Village and encouraging the reuse of existing buildings.[74]
  • Washington and Greenwich Street Rezoning, approved in 2010, was passed in near-record time to protect six blocks from out-of-scale hotel development and maintain the low-rise character.[75]

NYU dispute

 
Washington Mews in Greenwich Village

New York University and Greenwich Village preservationists have frequently become embroiled in conflicts between the university's campus expansion efforts and the preservation of the scale and character of the Village.[76]

As one press critic put it in 2013, "For decades, New York University has waged architectural war on Greenwich Village."[77] In recent years, the university has clashed most prominently with community groups such as the Greenwich Village Society for Historic Preservation over the construction of new NYU academic buildings and residence halls. During the design of Furman Hall in 2000, the site of which is adjacent to the Judson Memorial Church, community groups sued the university, claiming the construction of a 13-story tower on the site would "loom behind the campanile of [the church]" and "mar the historic silhouette of Greenwich Village as viewed from Washington Square Park". Despite a justice in State Supreme Court dismissing the case, the university agreed to a settlement with the groups to avoid future appeals, which included reducing the building to 9 stories and restoring the facades of two historic houses located on the site, the Judson House and a red-brick town house where Edgar Allan Poe once lived, which NYU reconstructed as they appeared in the 19th century.[78] Another dispute arose during the construction of the 26-story Founders Hall, a residence hall planned to be constructed on the site of St. Ann's Church at 120 East Twelfth Street. Amidst protests of the demolition of the church, the university decided to maintain and restore the facade and steeple of the building, parts of which were deteriorating or missing, and it now stands freely directly in front of the 12th Street entrance of the building. Further controversy also arose over the height of the building, as well as how the university would integrate the church's facade into the building's uses; however, in 2006, NYU began construction and the new dorm was completed in December 2008.[79][80]

In recent years, the most conflict has arisen over the proposed NYU 2031 plan, which the university released in 2010 as its plan for long-term growth, both within and outside of Greenwich Village. This included a court battle over the City of New York's right to transfer three plots of Department of Transportation-owned land to the university for constructing staging, which plaintiffs claimed required the consent of the state legislature. Ultimately, the Appellate Division of New York's Supreme Court ruled in the university's favor after a lower court blocked the expansion plan; however, so far, the university has only begun construction on 181 Mercer Street, the first building in the planned 1.5-million-square-foot (140,000 m2) expansion southwards. [81][82]

Demographics

For census purposes, the New York City government classifies Greenwich Village as part of the West Village neighborhood tabulation area.[83] Based on data from the 2010 United States Census, the population of West Village was 66,880, a change of −1,603 (−2.4%) from the 68,483 counted in 2000. Covering an area of 583.47 acres (236.12 ha), the neighborhood had a population density of 114.6/acre (73,300/sq mi; 28,300/km2).[84] The racial makeup of the neighborhood was 80.9% (54,100) White, 2% (1,353) African American, 0.1% (50) Native American, 8.2% (5,453) Asian, 0% (20) Pacific Islander, 0.4% (236) from other races, and 2.4% (1,614) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.1% (4,054) of the population.[85]

The entirety of Community District 2, which comprises Greenwich Village and SoHo, had 91,638 inhabitants as of NYC Health's 2018 Community Health Profile, with an average life expectancy of 85.8 years.[86]: 2, 20  This is higher than the median life expectancy of 81.2 for all New York City neighborhoods.[87]: 53 (PDF p. 84) [88] Most inhabitants are adults: a plurality (42%) are between the ages of 25–44, while 24% are between 45 and 64, and 15% are 65 or older. The ratio of youth and college-aged residents was lower, at 9% and 10%, respectively.[86]: 2 

As of 2017, the median household income in Community Districts 1 and 2 (including the Financial District and Tribeca) was $144,878,[89] though the median income in Greenwich Village individually was $119,728.[2] In 2018, an estimated 9% of Greenwich Village and SoHo residents lived in poverty, compared to 14% in all of Manhattan and 20% in all of New York City. One in twenty-five residents (4%) were unemployed, compared to 7% in Manhattan and 9% in New York City. Rent burden, or the percentage of residents who have difficulty paying their rent, is 38% in Greenwich Village and SoHo, compared to the boroughwide and citywide rates of 45% and 51% respectively. Based on this calculation, as of 2018, Greenwich Village and SoHo are considered high-income relative to the rest of the city and not gentrifying.[86]: 7 

Points of interest

Greenwich Village includes several collegiate institutions. Since the 1830s, New York University (NYU) has had a campus there. In 1973 NYU moved from its campus in University Heights in the West Bronx (the current site of Bronx Community College), to Greenwich Village with many buildings around Gould Plaza on West 4th Street. In 1976 Yeshiva University established the Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law in the northern part of Greenwich Village. In the 1980s Hebrew Union College was built in Greenwich Village. The New School, with its Parsons The New School for Design, a division of The New School, and the School's Graduate School expanded in the 2000s, with the renovated, award-winning design of the Sheila C. Johnson Design Center at 66 Fifth Avenue on 13th Street. The Cooper Union is located in Greenwich Village, at Astor Place, near St. Mark's Place on the border of the East Village. Pratt Institute established its latest Manhattan campus in an adaptively reused Brunner & Tryon-designed loft building on 14th Street, east of Seventh Avenue. The university campus building expansion was followed by a gentrification process in the 1980s. There are numerous historic buildings in the neighborhood including Emma Lazarus' former residence on W 10th Street[90] and Edward Hopper's former studio which now houses the NYU Silver School of Social Work.[91]

 
Christopher Park, part of the Stonewall National Monument

The historic Washington Square Park is the center and heart of the neighborhood. Additionally, the Village has several other, smaller parks: Christopher, Father Fagan, Little Red Square, Minetta Triangle, Petrosino Square, and Time Landscape. There are also city playgrounds, including DeSalvio Playground, Minetta, Thompson Street, Bleecker Street, Downing Street, Mercer Street, Cpl. John A. Seravelli, and William Passannante Ballfield. One of the most famous courts, is "The Cage", officially known as the West Fourth Street Courts. Sitting atop the West 4th St–Washington Square subway station at Sixth Avenue, the courts are used by basketball and American handball players from across the city. The Cage has become one of the most important tournament sites for the citywide "Streetball" amateur basketball tournament. Since 1975, New York University's art collection has been housed at the Grey Art Gallery bordering Washington Square Park, at 100 Washington Square East. The Grey Art Gallery is notable for its museum-quality exhibitions of contemporary art.

The Village has a bustling performing arts scene. It is home to many Off Broadway and Off-Off-Broadway theaters; for instance, Blue Man Group has taken up residence in the Astor Place Theater. The Village Gate (until 1992), the Village Vanguard and the Blue Note are still presenting some of the biggest names in jazz on a regular basis. Other music clubs include The Bitter End, and Lion's Den. The Village has its own orchestra aptly named the Greenwich Village Orchestra. Comedy clubs dot the Village as well, including Comedy Cellar, where many American stand-up comedians got their start.

Several publications have offices in the Village, most notably the monthly magazines American Heritage and Fortune and formerly also the citywide newsweekly the Village Voice. The National Audubon Society, having relocated its national headquarters from a mansion in Carnegie Hill to a restored and very green, former industrial building in NoHo, relocated to smaller but even greener LEED certified building at 225 Varick Street,[92] on Houston Street near the Film Forum.

Police and crime

 
NYPD 6th Precinct

Greenwich Village is patrolled by the 6th Precinct of the NYPD, located at 233 West 10th Street.[93] The 6th Precinct ranked 68th safest out of 69 patrol areas for per-capita crime in 2010. This is due to a high incidence of property crime.[94] As of 2018, with a non-fatal assault rate of 10 per 100,000 people, Greenwich Village's rate of violent crimes per capita is less than that of the city as a whole. The incarceration rate of 100 per 100,000 people is lower than that of the city as a whole.[86]: 8 

The 6th Precinct has a lower crime rate than in the 1990s, with crimes across all categories having decreased by 80.6% between 1990 and 2018. The precinct reported 1 murder, 20 rapes, 153 robberies, 121 felony assaults, 163 burglaries, 1,031 grand larcenies, and 28 grand larcenies auto in 2018.[95]

Fire safety

Greenwich Village is served by two New York City Fire Department (FDNY) fire stations:[96]

  • Engine Company 24/Ladder Company 5/Battalion 2 – 227 6th Avenue[97]
  • Squad 18 – 132 West 10th Street[98]

Health

As of 2018, preterm births are more common in Greenwich Village and SoHo than in other places citywide, though births to teenage mothers are less common. In Greenwich Village and SoHo, there were 91 preterm births per 1,000 live births (compared to 87 per 1,000 citywide), and 1 teenage birth per 1,000 live births (compared to 19.3 per 1,000 citywide), though the teenage birth rate is based on a small sample size.[86]: 11  Greenwich Village and SoHo have a low population of residents who are uninsured. In 2018, this population of uninsured residents was estimated to be 4%, less than the citywide rate of 12%, though this was based on a small sample size.[86]: 14 

The concentration of fine particulate matter, the deadliest type of air pollutant, in Greenwich Village and SoHo is 0.0095 mg/m3 (9.5×10−9 oz/cu ft), more than the city average.[86]: 9  Sixteen percent of Greenwich Village and SoHo residents are smokers, which is more than the city average of 14% of residents being smokers.[86]: 13  In Greenwich Village and SoHo, 4% of residents are obese, 3% are diabetic, and 15% have high blood pressure, the lowest rates in the city—compared to the citywide averages of 24%, 11%, and 28% respectively.[86]: 16  In addition, 5% of children are obese, the lowest rate in the city, compared to the citywide average of 20%.[86]: 12 

Ninety-six percent of residents eat some fruits and vegetables every day, which is more than the city's average of 87%. In 2018, 91% of residents described their health as "good," "very good," or "excellent," more than the city's average of 78%.[86]: 13  For every supermarket in Greenwich Village and SoHo, there are 7 bodegas.[86]: 10 

The nearest major hospitals are Beth Israel Medical Center in Stuyvesant Town, as well as the Bellevue Hospital Center and NYU Langone Medical Center in Kips Bay, and NewYork-Presbyterian Lower Manhattan Hospital in the Civic Center area.[99][100]

Post offices and ZIP Codes

 
West Village Post Office

Greenwich Village is located within four primary ZIP Codes. The subsection of West Village, south of Greenwich Avenue and west of Sixth Avenue, is located in 10014, while the northwestern section of Greenwich Village north of Greenwich Avenue and Washington Square Park and west of Fifth Avenue is in 10011. The northeastern part of the Village, north of Washington Square Park and east of Fifth Avenue, is in 10003. The neighborhood's southern portion, the area south of Washington Square Park and east of Sixth Avenue, is in 10012.[101] The United States Postal Service operates three post offices near Greenwich Village:

  • Patchin Station – 70 West 10th Street[102]
  • Village Station – 201 Varick Street[103]
  • West Village Station – 527 Hudson Street[104]

Education

Greenwich Village and SoHo generally have a higher rate of college-educated residents than the rest of the city as of 2018. The vast majority of residents age 25 and older (84%) have a college education or higher, while 4% have less than a high school education and 12% are high school graduates or have some college education. By contrast, 64% of Manhattan residents and 43% of city residents have a college education or higher.[86]: 6  The percentage of Greenwich Village and SoHo students excelling in math rose from 61% in 2000 to 80% in 2011, and reading achievement increased from 66% to 68% during the same time period.[105]

Greenwich Village and SoHo's rate of elementary school student absenteeism is lower than the rest of New York City. In Greenwich Village and SoHo, 7% of elementary school students missed twenty or more days per school year, less than the citywide average of 20%.[87]: 24 (PDF p. 55) [86]: 6  Additionally, 91% of high school students in Greenwich Village and SoHo graduate on time, more than the citywide average of 75%.[86]: 6 

Schools

Greenwich Village residents are zoned to two elementary schools: PS 3, Melser Charrette School, and PS 41, Greenwich Village School. Residents are zoned to Baruch Middle School 104. Residents apply to various New York City high schools. The private Greenwich Village High School was formerly located in the area, but later moved to SoHo.[106][107][108]

Greenwich Village is home to New York University, which owns large sections of the area and most of the buildings around Washington Square Park.[7][8] To the north is the campus of The New School, which is housed in several buildings that are considered historical landmarks because of their innovative architecture.[109] The New School's Sheila Johnson Design Center doubles as a public art gallery.[110] Cooper Union has been located in the East Village since its founding in 1859.[111][112]

Libraries

 
Jefferson Market Library, once a courthouse, now serves as a branch of the New York Public Library.

The New York Public Library (NYPL) operates two branches in Greenwich Village. The Jefferson Market Library is located at 425 Avenue of the Americas (Sixth Avenue). The building was a courthouse in the 19th and 20th centuries before being converted into a library in 1967, and it is now a city-designated landmark.[113] The Hudson Park branch is located at 66 Leroy Street. The branch is housed in Carnegie library that was built in 1906 and expanded in 1920.[114]

Transportation

Greenwich Village is served by the IND Eighth Avenue Line (A, ​C, and ​E trains), the IND Sixth Avenue Line (B, ​D, ​F, <F>, and ​M trains), the BMT Canarsie Line (L train), and the IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line (1, ​2, and ​3 trains) of the New York City Subway. The 14th Street/Sixth Avenue, 14th Street/Eighth Avenue, West Fourth Street–Washington Square, and Christopher Street–Sheridan Square stations are in the neighborhood.[115] Local New York City Bus routes, operated by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority, include the M55, M7, M11, M14, and M20.[116] On the PATH, the Christopher Street, Ninth Street, and 14th Street stations are in Greenwich Village.

Notable residents

Main category: People from Greenwich Village

Greenwich Village has long been a popular neighborhood for numerous artists and other notable people. Past and present notable residents include:

In popular culture

Comics

Film

Games

Literature

Music

Television

 
90 Bedford Street, used for establishing shot in Friends

Theater

See also

References

Notes

  1. ^ During the period of Dutch control over the area, the Village was called Noortwyck ("Northern District", because of its location north of the original settlement on Manhattan Island). (The colony of New Netherland was captured by English forces in 1664.) Dutch colonist Yellis Mandeville, who moved to the Village in the 1670s, called it Groenwijck after the settlement on Long Island, where he previously lived.[6]
  2. ^ The eleven freed Blacks were Paul d'Angola, Big Manuel, Little Manuel, Manuel de Gerrit de Rens, Simon Congo, Anthony Portuguese. Gracia, Peter Santome, John Francisco, Little Anthony and John Fort Orange.[28]
  3. ^ James Boorman Johnston (1822–1887) was a son of the prominent Scottish-born New York merchant John Johnston, in partnership with James Boorman (1783–1866) as Boorman & Johnston, developers of Washington Square North, and a founder of New York University; a group portrait of the Johnston Children 1831, is at the Museum of the City of New York[42]
  4. ^ The Angelika Film Center was said to be "up the block" from Central Perk in "The One Where Ross Hugs Rachel", the sixth season's second episode, placing the coffee house on Mercer Street or Houston.
  5. ^ This address was given "The One With Joey's New Brain", episode 7–15.

Citations

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Sources

External links

  • Greenwich Village Society for Historic Preservation

March 24, 2023
greenwich, village, this, article, about, neighborhood, manhattan, york, city, village, upstate, york, greenwich, village, york, gren, itch, grin, simply, village, neighborhood, west, side, lower, manhattan, york, city, bounded, 14th, street, north, broadway, . This article is about the neighborhood in Manhattan New York City For the village in upstate New York see Greenwich village New York Greenwich Village ˈ ɡ r ɛ n ɪ tʃ GREN itch ˈ ɡ r ɪ n GRIN ɪ dʒ ij 4 or simply The Village is a neighborhood on the west side of Lower Manhattan in New York City bounded by 14th Street to the north Broadway to the east Houston Street to the south and the Hudson River to the west Greenwich Village also contains several subsections including the West Village west of Seventh Avenue and the Meatpacking District in the northwest corner of Greenwich Village Greenwich VillageNeighborhood of ManhattanBird s eye view of Greenwich Village facing towards the skyline of Lower ManhattanLocation in New York CityCoordinates 40 44 01 N 74 00 10 W 40 73361 N 74 00278 W 40 73361 74 00278 Coordinates 40 44 01 N 74 00 10 W 40 73361 N 74 00278 W 40 73361 74 00278Country United StatesState New YorkCityNew York CityBoroughManhattanCommunity DistrictManhattan 2 1 Named forGroenwijck Green District Area 2 Total0 75 km2 0 289 sq mi Population 2 Total22 785 Density30 000 km2 79 000 sq mi DemonymVillagerEconomics 2 Median income 119 728Time zoneUTC 5 Eastern Summer DST UTC 4 EDT ZIP Codes10003 10011 10012 10014 2 Area codes212 332 646 and 917Greenwich Village Historic DistrictU S National Register of Historic PlacesU S Historic districtNYC Landmark453 461 Sixth Avenue in the Historic DistrictShow map of ManhattanShow map of New York CityShow map of New YorkShow map of the United StatesLocationBoundaries north W 14th St south Houston St west Hudson River east BroadwayCoordinates40 44 2 N 74 0 4 W 40 73389 N 74 00111 W 40 73389 74 00111Architectural stylevariousNRHP reference No 79001604 3 Significant datesAdded to NRHPJune 19 1979Designated NYCLinitial district April 29 1969extension May 2 2006second extension June 22 2010Its name comes from Groenwijck Dutch for Green District 5 a In the 20th century Greenwich Village was known as an artists haven the bohemian capital the cradle of the modern LGBT movement and the East Coast birthplace of both the Beat and 60s counterculture movements Greenwich Village contains Washington Square Park as well as two of New York City s private colleges New York University NYU and The New School 7 8 Greenwich Village is part of Manhattan Community District 2 and is patrolled by the 6th Precinct of the New York City Police Department 1 Greenwich Village has undergone extensive gentrification and commercialization 9 the four ZIP Codes that constitute the Village 10011 10012 10003 and 10014 were all ranked among the ten most expensive in the United States by median housing price in 2014 according to Forbes 10 with residential property sale prices in the West Village neighborhood typically exceeding US 2 100 sq ft 23 000 m2 in 2017 11 Contents 1 Geography 1 1 Boundaries 1 2 Grid plan 1 3 Political representation 2 History 2 1 Early years 2 2 Reputation as urban bohemia 2 3 Postwar 2 4 Preservation 2 4 1 Rezoned areas 2 4 2 NYU dispute 3 Demographics 4 Points of interest 5 Police and crime 6 Fire safety 7 Health 8 Post offices and ZIP Codes 9 Education 9 1 Schools 9 2 Libraries 10 Transportation 11 Notable residents 12 In popular culture 12 1 Comics 12 2 Film 12 3 Games 12 4 Literature 12 5 Music 12 6 Television 12 7 Theater 13 See also 14 References 14 1 Notes 14 2 Citations 14 3 Sources 15 External linksGeography EditBoundaries Edit MacDougal Street in Greenwich Village The neighborhood is bordered by Broadway to the east the North River part of the Hudson River to the west Houston Street to the south and 14th Street to the north It is roughly centered on Washington Square Park and New York University Adjacent to Greenwich Village are the neighborhoods of NoHo and the East Village to the east SoHo and Hudson Square to the south and Chelsea and Union Square to the north The East Village was formerly considered part of the Lower East Side and has never been considered a part of Greenwich Village 12 The western part of Greenwich Village is known as the West Village the dividing line of its eastern border is debated but commonly cited as Seventh Avenue or Sixth Avenue The Far West Village is another sub neighborhood of Greenwich Village that is bordered on its west by the Hudson River and on its east by Hudson Street 13 Into the early 20th century Greenwich Village was distinguished from the upper class neighborhood of Washington Square based on the major landmark of Washington Square Park 14 15 or Empire Ward 16 in the 19th century Encyclopaedia Britannica s 1956 article on New York City states under the subheading Greenwich Village that the southern border of the Village is Spring Street reflecting an earlier understanding Today Spring Street overlaps with the modern newer SoHo neighborhood designation while the modern Encyclopaedia Britannica cites the southern border as Houston Street 17 Grid plan Edit Cornelia Street redirects here For the Taylor Swift song see Cornelia Street song The intersection of West 4th and West 12th Streets Street signs at intersection of West 10th and West 4th Streets As Greenwich Village was once a rural isolated hamlet to the north of the 17th century European settlement on Manhattan Island its street layout is more organic than the planned grid pattern of the 19th century grid plan based on the Commissioners Plan of 1811 Greenwich Village was allowed to keep the 18th century street pattern of what is now called the West Village areas that were already built up when the plan was implemented west of what is now Greenwich Avenue and Sixth Avenue resulted in a neighborhood whose streets are dramatically different in layout from the ordered structure of the newer parts of Manhattan 18 Many of the neighborhood s streets are narrow and some curve at odd angles This is generally regarded as adding to both the historic character and charm of the neighborhood In addition as the meandering Greenwich Street used to be on the Hudson River shoreline much of the neighborhood west of Greenwich Street is on landfill but still follows the older street grid 18 When Sixth and Seventh Avenues were extended in the early 20th century they were built diagonally to the existing street plan and many older smaller streets had to be demolished 18 Unlike the streets of most of Manhattan above Houston Street streets in the Village are typically named rather than numbered While some of the formerly named streets including Factory Herring and Amity Streets are now numbered they still do not always conform to the usual grid pattern when they enter the neighborhood 18 For example West 4th Street runs east west across most of Manhattan but runs north south in Greenwich Village causing it to intersect with West 10th 11th and 12th Streets before ending at West 13th Street 18 A large section of Greenwich Village made up of more than 50 northern and western blocks in the area up to 14th Street is part of a Historic District established by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission The District s convoluted borders run no farther south than 4th Street or St Luke s Place and no farther east than Washington Square East or University Place 19 Redevelopment in that area is severely restricted and developers must preserve the main facade and aesthetics of the buildings during renovation Most of the buildings of Greenwich Village are mid rise apartments 19th century row houses and the occasional one family walk up a sharp contrast to the high rise landscape in Midtown and Downtown Manhattan Political representation Edit Politically Greenwich Village is in New York s 10th congressional district 20 21 It is also in the New York State Senate s 25th district 22 23 the New York State Assembly s 66th district 24 25 and the New York City Council s 3rd district 26 History EditEarly years Edit Map of old Greenwich Village A section of Bernard Ratzer s map of New York and its suburbs made c 1766 for Henry Moore royal governor of New York when Greenwich was more than 2 miles 3 km from the city In the 16th century Lenape referred to its farthest northwest corner by the cove on the Hudson River at present day Gansevoort Street as Sapokanikan tobacco field The land was cleared and turned into pasture by Dutch and their slaves who named their settlement Noortwyck also spelled Noortwijck North district equivalent to Northwich Northwick In the 1630s Governor Wouter van Twiller farmed tobacco on 200 acres 0 81 km2 here at his Farm in the Woods 27 The English conquered the Dutch settlement of New Netherland in 1664 and Greenwich Village developed as a hamlet separate from the larger New York City to the south on land that would eventually become the Financial District In 1644 the eleven Dutch African settlers in the area were freed after the first Black legal protest in America b All received parcels of land in what is now Greenwich Village 28 in an area that became known as the Land of the Blacks The earliest known reference to the village s name as Greenwich dates back to 1696 in the will of Yellis Mandeville of Greenwich however the village was not mentioned in the city records until 1713 29 Sir Peter Warren began accumulating land in 1731 and built a frame house capacious enough to hold sittings of the New York General Assembly when smallpox rendered the city dangerous in 1739 and subsequent years on one occasion in 1746 the house of Mordecai Gomez was used 30 31 Warren s house which survived until the Civil War era overlooked the North River from a bluff its site on the block bounded by Perry and Charles Streets Bleecker and West 4th Streets 32 can still be recognized by its mid 19th century rowhouses inserted into a neighborhood still retaining many houses of the 1830 37 boom From 1797 33 until 1829 34 the bucolic village of Greenwich was the location of New York State s first penitentiary Newgate Prison on the Hudson River at what is now West 10th Street 33 near the Christopher Street pier 35 The building was designed by Joseph Francois Mangin who would later co design New York City Hall 36 Although the intention of its first warden Quaker prison reformer Thomas Eddy was to provide a rational and humanitarian place for retribution and rehabilitation the prison soon became an overcrowded and pestilent place subject to frequent riots by the prisoners which damaged the buildings and killed some inmates 33 By 1821 the prison designed for 432 inmates held 817 instead a number made possible only by the frequent release of prisoners sometimes as many as 50 a day 37 Since the prison was north of the New York City boundary at the time being sentenced to Newgate became known as being sent up the river This term became popularized once prisoners started being sentenced to Sing Sing Prison in the town of Ossining upstream of New York City 35 The oldest house remaining in Greenwich Village is the Isaacs Hendricks House at 77 Bedford Street built 1799 much altered and enlarged 1836 third story 1928 38 When the Church of St Luke in the Fields was founded in 1820 it stood in fields south of the road now Christopher Street that led from Greenwich Lane now Greenwich Avenue down to a landing on the North River In 1822 a yellow fever epidemic in New York encouraged residents to flee to the healthier air of Greenwich Village and afterwards many stayed The future site of Washington Square was a potter s field from 1797 to 1823 when up to 20 000 of New York s poor were buried here and still remain The handsome Greek revival rowhouses on the north side of Washington Square were built about 1832 establishing the fashion of Washington Square and lower Fifth Avenue for decades to come Well into the 19th century the district of Washington Square was considered separate from Greenwich Village Reputation as urban bohemia Edit Further information LGBTQ culture in New York City Gay Street at the corner of Waverly Place the street s name refers to a colonial family not the LGBT character of Greenwich Village Greenwich Village historically was known as an important landmark on the map of American bohemian culture in the early and mid 20th century The neighborhood was known for its colorful artistic residents and the alternative culture they propagated Due in part to the progressive attitudes of many of its residents the Village was a focal point of new movements and ideas whether political artistic or cultural This tradition as an enclave of avant garde and alternative culture was established during the 19th century and continued into the 20th century when small presses art galleries and experimental theater thrived In 1969 enraged members of the gay community in search for equality started the Stonewall riots The Stonewall Inn was later recognized as a National Historic Landmark for having been the location where the gay rights movement originated 39 40 41 The Tenth Street Studio Building was situated at 51 West 10th Street between Fifth and Sixth Avenues The building was commissioned by James Boorman Johnston c and designed by Richard Morris Hunt Its innovative design soon represented a national architectural prototype and featured a domed central gallery from which interconnected rooms radiated Hunt s studio within the building housed the first architectural school in the United States Soon after its completion in 1857 the building helped to make Greenwich Village central to the arts in New York City drawing artists from all over the country to work exhibit and sell their art In its initial years Winslow Homer took a studio there 43 as did Edward Lamson Henry and many of the artists of the Hudson River School including Frederic Church and Albert Bierstadt 44 Whitney Museum of American Art s original location at 8 12 West 8th Street between Fifth Avenue and MacDougal Street currently home to the New York Studio School of Drawing Painting and Sculpture From the late 19th century until the present the Hotel Albert has served as a cultural icon of Greenwich Village Opened during the 1880s and originally located at 11th Street and University Place called the Hotel St Stephan and then after 1902 called the Hotel Albert while under the ownership of William Ryder it served as a meeting place restaurant and dwelling for several important artists and writers from the late 19th century well into the 20th century After 1902 the owner s brother Albert Pinkham Ryder lived and painted there Some other noted guests who lived there include Augustus St Gaudens Robert Louis Stevenson Mark Twain Hart Crane Walt Whitman Anais Nin Thomas Wolfe Robert Lowell Horton Foote Salvador Dali Philip Guston Jackson Pollock and Andy Warhol 45 46 During the golden age of bohemianism Greenwich Village became famous for such eccentrics as Joe Gould profiled at length by Joseph Mitchell and Maxwell Bodenheim dancer Isadora Duncan writer William Faulkner and playwright Eugene O Neill Political rebellion also made its home here whether serious John Reed or frivolous Marcel Duchamp and friends set off balloons from atop Washington Square Arch proclaiming the founding of The Independent Republic of Greenwich Village on January 24 1917 47 48 The Cherry Lane Theatre is located in Greenwich Village The annual Greenwich Village Halloween Parade is the world s largest Halloween parade with millions of spectators annually and has its roots in New York s queer community 49 In 1924 the Cherry Lane Theatre was established Located at 38 Commerce Street it is New York City s oldest continuously running Off Broadway theater A landmark in Greenwich Village s cultural landscape it was built as a farm silo in 1817 and also served as a tobacco warehouse and box factory before Edna St Vincent Millay and other members of the Provincetown Players converted the structure into a theatre they christened the Cherry Lane Playhouse which opened on March 24 1924 with the play The Man Who Ate the Popomack During the 1940s The Living Theatre Theatre of the Absurd and the Downtown Theater movement all took root there and it developed a reputation as a showcase for aspiring playwrights and emerging voices In one of the many Manhattan properties that Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney and her husband owned Gertrude Whitney established the Whitney Studio Club at 8 West 8th Street in 1914 as a facility where young artists could exhibit their works By the 1930s it had evolved into her greatest legacy the Whitney Museum of American Art on the site of today s New York Studio School of Drawing Painting and Sculpture The Whitney was founded in 1931 as an answer to the Museum of Modern Art founded 1928 and its collection of mostly European modernism and its neglect of American Art Gertrude Whitney decided to put the time and money into the museum after the New York Metropolitan Museum of Art turned down her offer to contribute her twenty five year collection of modern art works 50 In 1936 the renowned Abstract Expressionist artist and teacher Hans Hofmann moved his art school from East 57th Street to 52 West 9th Street In 1938 Hofmann moved again to a more permanent home at 52 West 8th Street The school remained active until 1958 when Hofmann retired from teaching 51 On January 8 1947 stevedore Andy Hintz was fatally shot by hitmen John M Dunn Andrew Sheridan and Danny Gentile in front of his apartment Before he died on January 29 he told his wife that Johnny Dunn shot me 52 The three gunmen were immediately arrested Sheridan and Dunn were executed 53 The Village hosted the nation s first racially integrated nightclub 54 when Cafe Society was opened in 1938 at 1 Sheridan Square 55 by Barney Josephson Cafe Society showcased African American talent and was intended to be an American version of the political cabarets that Josephson had seen in Europe before World War I Notable performers there included Pearl Bailey Count Basie Nat King Cole John Coltrane Miles Davis Ella Fitzgerald Coleman Hawkins Billie Holiday Lena Horne Burl Ives Lead Belly Anita O Day Charlie Parker Les Paul and Mary Ford Paul Robeson Kay Starr Art Tatum Sarah Vaughan Dinah Washington Josh White Teddy Wilson Lester Young and the Weavers who also in Christmas 1949 played at the Village Vanguard The annual Greenwich Village Halloween Parade initiated in 1974 by Greenwich Village puppeteer and mask maker Ralph Lee is the world s largest Halloween parade and America s only major Halloween nighttime parade attracting more than 60 000 costumed participants two million in person spectators and a worldwide television audience of over 100 million 56 The parade has its roots in New York s queer community 49 Postwar Edit The Stonewall Inn a designated U S National Historic Landmark and National Monument as the site of the June 1969 Stonewall riots and the cradle of the modern gay rights movement 39 40 41 Greenwich Village again became important to the bohemian scene during the 1950s when the Beat Generation focused their energies there Fleeing from what they saw as oppressive social conformity a loose collection of writers poets artists and students later known as the Beats and the Beatniks moved to Greenwich Village and to North Beach in San Francisco in many ways creating the U S East Coast and West Coast predecessors respectively to the East Village Haight Ashbury hippie scene of the next decade The Village and surrounding New York City would later play central roles in the writings of among others Maya Angelou James Baldwin William S Burroughs Truman Capote Allen Ginsberg Jack Kerouac Rod McKuen Marianne Moore and Dylan Thomas who collapsed at the Chelsea Hotel and died at St Vincents Hospital at 170 West 12th Street in the Village after drinking at the White Horse Tavern on November 5 1953 Off Off Broadway began in Greenwich Village in 1958 as a reaction to Off Broadway and a complete rejection of commercial theatre 57 Among the first venues for what would soon be called Off Off Broadway a term supposedly coined by critic Jerry Tallmer of the Village Voice were coffeehouses in Greenwich Village in particular the Caffe Cino at 31 Cornelia Street operated by the eccentric Joe Cino who early on took a liking to actors and playwrights and agreed to let them stage plays there without bothering to read the plays first or to even find out much about the content Also integral to the rise of Off Off Broadway were Ellen Stewart at La MaMa originally located at 321 E 9th Street and Al Carmines at the Judson Poets Theater located at Judson Memorial Church on the south side of Washington Square Park Blue Note Jazz Club The Village had a cutting edge cabaret and music scene The Village Gate the Village Vanguard and the Blue Note since 1981 regularly hosted some of the biggest names in jazz Greenwich Village also played a major role in the development of the folk music scene of the 1960s Music clubs included Gerde s Folk City The Bitter End Cafe Au Go Go Cafe Wha The Gaslight Cafe and The Bottom Line Three of the four members of the Mamas amp the Papas met there Guitarist and folk singer Dave Van Ronk lived there for many years Village resident and cultural icon Bob Dylan by the mid 60s had become one of the world s foremost popular songwriters and often developments in Greenwich Village would influence the simultaneously occurring folk rock movement in San Francisco and elsewhere and vice versa Dozens of other cultural and popular icons got their start in the Village s nightclub theater and coffeehouse scene during the 1950s 1960s and early 1970s Many artists garnered critical acclaim some before and some after performed in the Village This list includes Eric Andersen Joan Baez Jackson Browne the Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem Richie Havens Jimi Hendrix Janis Ian the Kingston Trio the Lovin Spoonful Bette Midler Liza Minnelli Joni Mitchell Maria Muldaur Laura Nyro Phil Ochs Tom Paxton Peter Paul and Mary Carly Simon Simon amp Garfunkel Nina Simone Barbra Streisand James Taylor and the Velvet Underground The Greenwich Village of the 1950s and 1960s was at the center of Jane Jacobs s book The Death and Life of Great American Cities which defended it and similar communities while criticizing common urban renewal policies of the time Founded by New York based artist Mercedes Matter and her students the New York Studio School of Drawing Painting and Sculpture is an art school formed in the mid 1960s in the Village Officially opened September 23 1964 the school is still active at 8 W 8th Street the site of the original Whitney Museum of American Art 58 Greenwich Village was home to a safe house used by the radical anti war movement known as the Weather Underground On March 6 1970 their safehouse was destroyed when an explosive device they were constructing was accidentally detonated killing three of their members Ted Gold Terry Robbins and Diana Oughton The Village has been a center for movements that challenged the wider American culture most notably its seminal role in sparking the gay liberation movement The Stonewall riots were a series of spontaneous violent protests by members of the gay community against a police raid that took place in the early morning hours of June 28 1969 at the Stonewall Inn 53 Christopher Street Considered together the demonstrations are widely considered to constitute the single most important event leading to the gay liberation movement and the modern fight for LGBT rights in the United States 59 60 On June 23 2015 the Stonewall Inn was the first landmark in New York City to be recognized by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission on the basis of its status in LGBT history 61 and on June 24 2016 the Stonewall National Monument was named the first U S National Monument dedicated to the LGBTQ rights movement 62 Greenwich Village contains the world s oldest gay and lesbian bookstore Oscar Wilde Bookshop founded in 1967 while The Lesbian Gay Bisexual amp Transgender Community Center best known as simply The Center has occupied the former Food amp Maritime Trades High School at 208 West 13th Street since 1984 In 2006 the Village was the scene of an assault involving seven lesbians and a straight man that sparked appreciable media attention with strong statements defending both sides of the case Preservation Edit The Washington Square Arch an unofficial icon of Greenwich Village and nearby New York University Since the end of the 20th century many artists and local historians have mourned the fact that the bohemian days of Greenwich Village are long gone because of the extraordinarily high housing costs in the neighborhood 63 The artists fled to other New York City neighborhoods including SoHo Tribeca Dumbo Williamsburg and Long Island City Nevertheless residents of Greenwich Village still possess a strong community identity and are proud of their neighborhood s unique history and fame and its well known liberal live and let live attitudes 63 Historically local residents and preservation groups have been concerned about development in the Village and have fought to preserve its architectural and historic integrity In the 1960s Margot Gayle led a group of citizens to preserve the Jefferson Market Courthouse later reused as Jefferson Market Library 64 while other citizen groups fought to keep traffic out of Washington Square Park 65 and Jane Jacobs using the Village as an example of a vibrant urban community advocated to keep it that way Since then preservation has been a part of the Village ethos Shortly after the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission LPC was established in 1965 it acted to protect parts of Greenwich Village designating the small Charlton King Vandam Historic District in 1966 which contains the city s largest concentration of row houses in the Federal style as well as a significant concentration of Greek Revival houses and the even smaller MacDougal Sullivan Gardens Historic District in 1967 a group of 22 houses sharing a common back garden built in the Greek Revival style and later renovated with Colonial Revival facades In 1969 the LPC designated the Greenwich Village Historic District which remained the city s largest for four decades despite preservationists advocacy for the entire neighborhood to be designated an historic district Advocates continued to pursue their goal of additional designation spurred in particular by the increased pace of development in the 1990s Rezoned areas Edit 396 397 West Street at West 10th Street is a former hotel which dates from 1904 and is part of the Weehawken Street Historic District The Greenwich Village Society for Historic Preservation GVSHP a nonprofit organization dedicated to the architectural and cultural character and heritage of the neighborhood successfully proposed new districts and individual landmarks to the LPC Those include 66 Gansevoort Market Historic District was the first new historic district in Greenwich Village in 34 years The 112 buildings on 11 blocks protect the city s distinctive Meatpacking District with its cobblestone streets warehouses and rowhouses About 70 percent of the area proposed by GVSHP in 2000 was designated a historic district by the LPC in 2003 while the entire area was listed on the State and National Registers of Historic Places in 2007 67 68 Weehawken Street Historic District designated in 2006 is a 14 building three block district near the Hudson River centering on tiny Weehawken Street and containing an array of architecture including a sailors hotel former stables and a wooden house 69 Greenwich Village Historic District Extension I designated in 2006 brought 46 more buildings on three blocks into the district thus protecting warehouses a former public school and police station and early 19th century rowhouses Both the Weehawken Street Historic District and the Greenwich Village Historic District Extension I were designated by the LPC in response to the larger proposal for a Far West Village Historic District submitted by GVSHP in 2004 69 Greenwich Village Historic District Extension II designated in 2010 embracing 225 buildings on 12 blocks contains 19th century houses 19th and 20th century tenements and a variety of cultural landmarks 70 South Village Historic District designated in 2013 covers 235 buildings on 13 blocks representing the largest single expansion of landmark protections in Greenwich Village since 1969 It includes well preserved and renovated 19th century houses colorful tenements and a variety of sites important to the area s rich immigrant artistic and Italian American history as well as several low rise historically significant New York University buildings on Washington Square South 71 The Landmarks Preservation Commission designated as landmarks several individual sites proposed by the Greenwich Village Society for Historic Preservation including the former Bell Telephone Labs Complex 1861 1933 now Westbeth Artists Housing designated in 2011 72 the Silver Towers University Village Complex 1967 designed by I M Pei and including the Picasso sculpture Portrait of Sylvette designated in 2008 73 and three early 19th century federal houses at 127 129 and 131 MacDougal Street Several contextual rezonings were enacted in Greenwich Village in recent years to limit the size and height of allowable new development in the neighborhood and to encourage the preservation of existing buildings The following were proposed by the GVSHP and passed by the City Planning Commission Far West Village Rezoning approved in 2005 was the first downzoning in Manhattan in many years putting in place new height caps thus ending construction of high rise waterfront towers in much of the Village and encouraging the reuse of existing buildings 74 Washington and Greenwich Street Rezoning approved in 2010 was passed in near record time to protect six blocks from out of scale hotel development and maintain the low rise character 75 NYU dispute Edit Washington Mews in Greenwich Village New York University and Greenwich Village preservationists have frequently become embroiled in conflicts between the university s campus expansion efforts and the preservation of the scale and character of the Village 76 As one press critic put it in 2013 For decades New York University has waged architectural war on Greenwich Village 77 In recent years the university has clashed most prominently with community groups such as the Greenwich Village Society for Historic Preservation over the construction of new NYU academic buildings and residence halls During the design of Furman Hall in 2000 the site of which is adjacent to the Judson Memorial Church community groups sued the university claiming the construction of a 13 story tower on the site would loom behind the campanile of the church and mar the historic silhouette of Greenwich Village as viewed from Washington Square Park Despite a justice in State Supreme Court dismissing the case the university agreed to a settlement with the groups to avoid future appeals which included reducing the building to 9 stories and restoring the facades of two historic houses located on the site the Judson House and a red brick town house where Edgar Allan Poe once lived which NYU reconstructed as they appeared in the 19th century 78 Another dispute arose during the construction of the 26 story Founders Hall a residence hall planned to be constructed on the site of St Ann s Church at 120 East Twelfth Street Amidst protests of the demolition of the church the university decided to maintain and restore the facade and steeple of the building parts of which were deteriorating or missing and it now stands freely directly in front of the 12th Street entrance of the building Further controversy also arose over the height of the building as well as how the university would integrate the church s facade into the building s uses however in 2006 NYU began construction and the new dorm was completed in December 2008 79 80 In recent years the most conflict has arisen over the proposed NYU 2031 plan which the university released in 2010 as its plan for long term growth both within and outside of Greenwich Village This included a court battle over the City of New York s right to transfer three plots of Department of Transportation owned land to the university for constructing staging which plaintiffs claimed required the consent of the state legislature Ultimately the Appellate Division of New York s Supreme Court ruled in the university s favor after a lower court blocked the expansion plan however so far the university has only begun construction on 181 Mercer Street the first building in the planned 1 5 million square foot 140 000 m2 expansion southwards 81 82 Demographics EditFor census purposes the New York City government classifies Greenwich Village as part of the West Village neighborhood tabulation area 83 Based on data from the 2010 United States Census the population of West Village was 66 880 a change of 1 603 2 4 from the 68 483 counted in 2000 Covering an area of 583 47 acres 236 12 ha the neighborhood had a population density of 114 6 acre 73 300 sq mi 28 300 km2 84 The racial makeup of the neighborhood was 80 9 54 100 White 2 1 353 African American 0 1 50 Native American 8 2 5 453 Asian 0 20 Pacific Islander 0 4 236 from other races and 2 4 1 614 from two or more races Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6 1 4 054 of the population 85 The entirety of Community District 2 which comprises Greenwich Village and SoHo had 91 638 inhabitants as of NYC Health s 2018 Community Health Profile with an average life expectancy of 85 8 years 86 2 20 This is higher than the median life expectancy of 81 2 for all New York City neighborhoods 87 53 PDF p 84 88 Most inhabitants are adults a plurality 42 are between the ages of 25 44 while 24 are between 45 and 64 and 15 are 65 or older The ratio of youth and college aged residents was lower at 9 and 10 respectively 86 2 As of 2017 the median household income in Community Districts 1 and 2 including the Financial District and Tribeca was 144 878 89 though the median income in Greenwich Village individually was 119 728 2 In 2018 an estimated 9 of Greenwich Village and SoHo residents lived in poverty compared to 14 in all of Manhattan and 20 in all of New York City One in twenty five residents 4 were unemployed compared to 7 in Manhattan and 9 in New York City Rent burden or the percentage of residents who have difficulty paying their rent is 38 in Greenwich Village and SoHo compared to the boroughwide and citywide rates of 45 and 51 respectively Based on this calculation as of 2018 update Greenwich Village and SoHo are considered high income relative to the rest of the city and not gentrifying 86 7 Points of interest EditGreenwich Village includes several collegiate institutions Since the 1830s New York University NYU has had a campus there In 1973 NYU moved from its campus in University Heights in the West Bronx the current site of Bronx Community College to Greenwich Village with many buildings around Gould Plaza on West 4th Street In 1976 Yeshiva University established the Benjamin N Cardozo School of Law in the northern part of Greenwich Village In the 1980s Hebrew Union College was built in Greenwich Village The New School with its Parsons The New School for Design a division of The New School and the School s Graduate School expanded in the 2000s with the renovated award winning design of the Sheila C Johnson Design Center at 66 Fifth Avenue on 13th Street The Cooper Union is located in Greenwich Village at Astor Place near St Mark s Place on the border of the East Village Pratt Institute established its latest Manhattan campus in an adaptively reused Brunner amp Tryon designed loft building on 14th Street east of Seventh Avenue The university campus building expansion was followed by a gentrification process in the 1980s There are numerous historic buildings in the neighborhood including Emma Lazarus former residence on W 10th Street 90 and Edward Hopper s former studio which now houses the NYU Silver School of Social Work 91 Christopher Park part of the Stonewall National Monument The historic Washington Square Park is the center and heart of the neighborhood Additionally the Village has several other smaller parks Christopher Father Fagan Little Red Square Minetta Triangle Petrosino Square and Time Landscape There are also city playgrounds including DeSalvio Playground Minetta Thompson Street Bleecker Street Downing Street Mercer Street Cpl John A Seravelli and William Passannante Ballfield One of the most famous courts is The Cage officially known as the West Fourth Street Courts Sitting atop the West 4th St Washington Square subway station at Sixth Avenue the courts are used by basketball and American handball players from across the city The Cage has become one of the most important tournament sites for the citywide Streetball amateur basketball tournament Since 1975 New York University s art collection has been housed at the Grey Art Gallery bordering Washington Square Park at 100 Washington Square East The Grey Art Gallery is notable for its museum quality exhibitions of contemporary art The Village has a bustling performing arts scene It is home to many Off Broadway and Off Off Broadway theaters for instance Blue Man Group has taken up residence in the Astor Place Theater The Village Gate until 1992 the Village Vanguard and the Blue Note are still presenting some of the biggest names in jazz on a regular basis Other music clubs include The Bitter End and Lion s Den The Village has its own orchestra aptly named the Greenwich Village Orchestra Comedy clubs dot the Village as well including Comedy Cellar where many American stand up comedians got their start Several publications have offices in the Village most notably the monthly magazines American Heritage and Fortune and formerly also the citywide newsweekly the Village Voice The National Audubon Society having relocated its national headquarters from a mansion in Carnegie Hill to a restored and very green former industrial building in NoHo relocated to smaller but even greener LEED certified building at 225 Varick Street 92 on Houston Street near the Film Forum Police and crime Edit NYPD 6th Precinct Greenwich Village is patrolled by the 6th Precinct of the NYPD located at 233 West 10th Street 93 The 6th Precinct ranked 68th safest out of 69 patrol areas for per capita crime in 2010 This is due to a high incidence of property crime 94 As of 2018 update with a non fatal assault rate of 10 per 100 000 people Greenwich Village s rate of violent crimes per capita is less than that of the city as a whole The incarceration rate of 100 per 100 000 people is lower than that of the city as a whole 86 8 The 6th Precinct has a lower crime rate than in the 1990s with crimes across all categories having decreased by 80 6 between 1990 and 2018 The precinct reported 1 murder 20 rapes 153 robberies 121 felony assaults 163 burglaries 1 031 grand larcenies and 28 grand larcenies auto in 2018 95 Fire safety EditGreenwich Village is served by two New York City Fire Department FDNY fire stations 96 Engine Company 24 Ladder Company 5 Battalion 2 227 6th Avenue 97 Squad 18 132 West 10th Street 98 Health EditAs of 2018 update preterm births are more common in Greenwich Village and SoHo than in other places citywide though births to teenage mothers are less common In Greenwich Village and SoHo there were 91 preterm births per 1 000 live births compared to 87 per 1 000 citywide and 1 teenage birth per 1 000 live births compared to 19 3 per 1 000 citywide though the teenage birth rate is based on a small sample size 86 11 Greenwich Village and SoHo have a low population of residents who are uninsured In 2018 this population of uninsured residents was estimated to be 4 less than the citywide rate of 12 though this was based on a small sample size 86 14 The concentration of fine particulate matter the deadliest type of air pollutant in Greenwich Village and SoHo is 0 0095 mg m3 9 5 10 9 oz cu ft more than the city average 86 9 Sixteen percent of Greenwich Village and SoHo residents are smokers which is more than the city average of 14 of residents being smokers 86 13 In Greenwich Village and SoHo 4 of residents are obese 3 are diabetic and 15 have high blood pressure the lowest rates in the city compared to the citywide averages of 24 11 and 28 respectively 86 16 In addition 5 of children are obese the lowest rate in the city compared to the citywide average of 20 86 12 Ninety six percent of residents eat some fruits and vegetables every day which is more than the city s average of 87 In 2018 91 of residents described their health as good very good or excellent more than the city s average of 78 86 13 For every supermarket in Greenwich Village and SoHo there are 7 bodegas 86 10 The nearest major hospitals are Beth Israel Medical Center in Stuyvesant Town as well as the Bellevue Hospital Center and NYU Langone Medical Center in Kips Bay and NewYork Presbyterian Lower Manhattan Hospital in the Civic Center area 99 100 Post offices and ZIP Codes Edit West Village Post Office Greenwich Village is located within four primary ZIP Codes The subsection of West Village south of Greenwich Avenue and west of Sixth Avenue is located in 10014 while the northwestern section of Greenwich Village north of Greenwich Avenue and Washington Square Park and west of Fifth Avenue is in 10011 The northeastern part of the Village north of Washington Square Park and east of Fifth Avenue is in 10003 The neighborhood s southern portion the area south of Washington Square Park and east of Sixth Avenue is in 10012 101 The United States Postal Service operates three post offices near Greenwich Village Patchin Station 70 West 10th Street 102 Village Station 201 Varick Street 103 West Village Station 527 Hudson Street 104 Education EditGreenwich Village and SoHo generally have a higher rate of college educated residents than the rest of the city as of 2018 update The vast majority of residents age 25 and older 84 have a college education or higher while 4 have less than a high school education and 12 are high school graduates or have some college education By contrast 64 of Manhattan residents and 43 of city residents have a college education or higher 86 6 The percentage of Greenwich Village and SoHo students excelling in math rose from 61 in 2000 to 80 in 2011 and reading achievement increased from 66 to 68 during the same time period 105 Greenwich Village and SoHo s rate of elementary school student absenteeism is lower than the rest of New York City In Greenwich Village and SoHo 7 of elementary school students missed twenty or more days per school year less than the citywide average of 20 87 24 PDF p 55 86 6 Additionally 91 of high school students in Greenwich Village and SoHo graduate on time more than the citywide average of 75 86 6 Schools Edit Greenwich Village residents are zoned to two elementary schools PS 3 Melser Charrette School and PS 41 Greenwich Village School Residents are zoned to Baruch Middle School 104 Residents apply to various New York City high schools The private Greenwich Village High School was formerly located in the area but later moved to SoHo 106 107 108 Greenwich Village is home to New York University which owns large sections of the area and most of the buildings around Washington Square Park 7 8 To the north is the campus of The New School which is housed in several buildings that are considered historical landmarks because of their innovative architecture 109 The New School s Sheila Johnson Design Center doubles as a public art gallery 110 Cooper Union has been located in the East Village since its founding in 1859 111 112 Libraries Edit Jefferson Market Library once a courthouse now serves as a branch of the New York Public Library The New York Public Library NYPL operates two branches in Greenwich Village The Jefferson Market Library is located at 425 Avenue of the Americas Sixth Avenue The building was a courthouse in the 19th and 20th centuries before being converted into a library in 1967 and it is now a city designated landmark 113 The Hudson Park branch is located at 66 Leroy Street The branch is housed in Carnegie library that was built in 1906 and expanded in 1920 114 Transportation EditGreenwich Village is served by the IND Eighth Avenue Line A C and E trains the IND Sixth Avenue Line B D F lt F gt and M trains the BMT Canarsie Line L train and the IRT Broadway Seventh Avenue Line 1 2 and 3 trains of the New York City Subway The 14th Street Sixth Avenue 14th Street Eighth Avenue West Fourth Street Washington Square and Christopher Street Sheridan Square stations are in the neighborhood 115 Local New York City Bus routes operated by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority include the M55 M7 M11 M14 and M20 116 On the PATH the Christopher Street Ninth Street and 14th Street stations are in Greenwich Village Notable residents EditMain category People from Greenwich Village Greenwich Village has long been a popular neighborhood for numerous artists and other notable people Past and present notable residents include Robert De Niro Robert Downey Jr Hank Greenberg Emma Stone Edward Albee 1928 2016 playwright 117 Alec Baldwin born 1958 actor 118 119 Richard Barone musician producer 120 Paul Bateson born 1940 convicted murderer who was in The Exorcist 121 Brie Bella born 1983 wrestler 122 Nate Berkus born 1971 interior designer 123 David Blue 1941 1982 folksinger and companion of Bob Dylan 124 Matthew Broderick born 1962 actor 119 125 Barbara Pierce Bush born 1981 daughter of former U S President George W Bush 126 Francesco Carrozzini born 1982 film director and photographer 127 Jessica Chastain born 1977 actress 119 Ramsey Clark 1927 2021 lawyer and activist 128 Patricia Clarkson born 1959 actress 129 Francesco Clemente born 1952 contemporary artist 127 Jacob Cohen 1923 1983 statistician and psychologist 130 Anderson Cooper born 1967 CNN anchor 119 131 Aleister Crowley 1875 1947 English occultist 132 Hugh Dancy born 1975 actor 133 Claire Danes born 1979 actress 133 Robert De Niro born 1943 actor 134 Brian De Palma born 1940 film director and screenwriter 119 135 Floyd Dell 1887 1969 novelist playwright poet and managing editor of The Masses 136 Leonardo DiCaprio born 1974 actor 119 Robert Downey Jr born 1965 actor and singer 137 Steve Earle born 1955 musician 138 Crystal Eastman 1881 1928 lawyer and leader in the fight for woman s suffrage 139 Eric Eisner Hollywood lawyer and former president of The Geffen Film Company 140 Maurice Evans 1901 1989 British actor noted for his interpretations of Shakespearean characters 117 Andrew Garfield born 1983 actor 141 Hank Greenberg 1911 1986 Hall of Fame baseball player 142 John P Hammond born 1942 blues singer and guitarist 127 Jerry Herman 1931 2019 composer and lyricist 143 Dustin Hoffman born 1937 actor Edward Hopper 1882 1967 painter 144 Marc Jacobs born 1963 fashion designer 145 Richard Johnson gossip columnist known for the Page Six column in the New York Post which he edited for 25 years 146 Wes Joice 1931 1997 owner of The Lion s Head literary hangout Max Kellerman born 1973 sports commentator Eva Kotchever 1891 1943 owner of Eve s Hangout also called Eve Adams Tearoom situated at 129 MacDougal St deported to Europe and murdered at Auschwitz 147 Annie Leibovitz born 1949 photographer 119 Arthur MacArthur IV born 1938 musician son of General Douglas MacArthur Andrew McCarthy born 1962 actor writer and television director Bob Melvin born 1961 Major League Baseball player and manager Edna St Vincent Millay poet and playwright 148 Matthew Modine born 1959 actor and activist Julianne Moore born 1960 actress 149 Nickolas Muray born Miklos Mandl 1892 1965 Hungarian born American photographer and Olympic fencer 150 Bebe Neuwirth born 1958 actress 151 Edward Norton born 1969 actor and filmmaker 152 Rosie O Donnell actress and comedian 119 Mary Kate Olsen actress and fashion designer 119 Mary Louise Parker actress 119 Sarah Jessica Parker born 1965 actress 119 Sean Parker born 1979 entrepreneur 119 Edgar Allan Poe 1809 1849 poet and novelist 153 Leontyne Price born 1927 soprano 154 Daniel Radcliffe born 1989 actor 155 Gilda Radner 1946 1989 actress and comedian 119 Rachael Ray television personality and cook 119 Julia Roberts born 1967 actress 119 Susan Sarandon born 1946 actress 119 John Sebastian born 1944 musician 156 Amy Sedaris born 1961 actress 157 Adrienne Shelly 1966 2006 actress film director and screenwriter 158 James Spader actor 159 Pat Steir born 1938 painter and printmaker 127 Emma Stone born 1988 actress 160 Uma Thurman born 1970 actress 126 161 Tiny Tim musician 1932 1996 singer Marisa Tomei born 1964 actress 162 Calvin Trillin born 1935 feature writer for The New Yorker magazine 163 Liv Tyler born 1977 actress 164 Edgard Varese 1883 1965 French born composer 127 Chloe Webb born 1956 actress 165 Anna Wintour born 1949 editor in chief of Vogue magazine 127 In popular culture EditComics Edit In the DC Comics universe Wonder Woman lived in the Village in New York City never called by its full name but clearly depicted as Greenwich Village during the late 1960s and early 1970s when she had lost most of her superpowers Madame Xanadu lived on Chrystie Street described alternately as being in Greenwich Village and the East Village 166 In the Marvel Comics universe Master of the Mystic Arts and Sorcerer Supreme Doctor Strange lives in a brownstone mansion in Greenwich Village Doctor Strange s Sanctum Sanctorum is located at 177A Bleecker Street 167 The first generation of Marvel s X Men frequently visited the Village while not studying at Xavier s School for Gifted Youngsters citation needed In Akimi Yoshida s Banana Fish sequel side story Garden of Light Eiji Okumura is stated to live in Greenwich Village as an accomplished photographer citation needed Film Edit In Alfred Hitchcock s Rear Window 1954 James Stewart s character lives in a Greenwich Village apartment 168 In Wonderful Town 1953 the Sherwood sisters leave 1935 Columbus Ohio for Greenwich Village to pursue their dreams of becoming a writer Ruth and an actress Eileen Their apartment was said to be on Christopher Street though the actual apartment of author Ruth McKenney and her sister Eileen McKenney was at 14 Gay Street In Funny Face 1957 Jo Stockton Audrey Hepburn works at a bookstore called Embryo Concepts in the Village where she is discovered by Dick Avery Fred Astaire 169 In When Harry Met Sally 1989 Sally drops Harry off in front of the Washington Square Arch after they share a drive from University of Chicago In Wait Until Dark 1967 Susy Hendrix Audrey Hepburn lives at 4 St Luke s Place 170 Next Stop Greenwich Village 1976 chronicles the story of a young Jewish boy in 1953 who moves to the Village looking to break into acting The Pope of Greenwich Village 1984 centers on a maitre d Mickey Rourke in the Italian section of the Village Big Daddy 1999 Adam Sandler and Cole Dylan Sprouse s characters live in a Greenwich Village apartment Chinese Coffee 2000 an independent film by Al Pacino which features Pacino and Jerry Orbach is set in Greenwich Village in 1982 The Collector of Bedford Street 2002 is a documentary set in Greenwich village It is about the neighborhood block association on Bedford street setting up a trust fund for a mentally disabled man named Larry Selman 171 In I Am Legend 2007 Robert Neville Will Smith lives in Washington Square Greenwich Village is the setting for the restaurant 22 Bleecker in the Catherine Zeta Jones Aaron Eckhart and Abigail Breslin movie No Reservations 2007 In Wanderlust 2012 the characters played by Paul Rudd and Jennifer Aniston live in a New York City apartment located in the West Village The Coen brothers Inside Llewyn Davis 2013 depicts the Village in the early 1960s focusing on the emerging folk scene 172 In the Marvel Cinematic Universe live action film Avengers Infinity War 2018 a battle between Tony Stark Peter Parker Doctor Strange Wong and the Black Order takes place in the Village Games Edit Alex s stage in Street Fighter III 2nd Impact takes place in Greenwich Village Greenwich Village is a playable multiplayer map in the Freedom Fighters 2003 video game Literature Edit In her non fiction Jane Jacobs frequently cites Greenwich Village as an example of a vibrant urban community most notably in her 1961 book The Death and Life of Great American Cities 173 Frank and April Wheeler of the novel Revolutionary Road and the film of the same name used to share an apartment on Bethune Street in the West Village prior to the events of the story 174 O Henry s short story The Last Leaf is set in Greenwich Village The anti hero of the book Mother Night by author Kurt Vonnegut and the film of the same name Howard W Campbell Jr resides in Greenwich Village after World War II and prior to his arrest by the Israelis 175 In Lesley M M Blume s children s novel Cornelia and the Audacious Escapades of the Somerset Sisters the main characters reside in Greenwich Village 176 The suggestion of moving to the Village shocks newlywed New York aristocrat Jamie Rick Ricklehouse in Nora Johnson s 1985 novel Tender Offer The implication is telling of the Village s reputation in the New York of the 1960s before mass gentrification when it was perceived as lowly and beneath upper class society 177 In Philip Roth s novel The Human Stain the main character Coleman Silk lives in the Village while studying at NYU 178 Music Edit Sapokanikan by Joanna Newsom is written about historical events that include the history of Greenwich Village Cornelia Street by Taylor Swift is written about the singer s time in Greenwich Village where she rented an apartment there The cover photo for The Freewheelin Bob Dylan 1963 of Dylan and his then girlfriend Suze Rotolo was taken on Jones Street near West 4th Street in Greenwich Village near their apartment 179 In an interview with Jann Wenner John Lennon said I should have been born in New York I should have been born in the Village that s where I belong 180 Buddy Holly and his wife Maria Elena Santiago lived in Apartment 4H of the Brevoort Apartments at 11 Fifth Avenue in Greenwich Village Here he recorded the series of acoustic songs including Crying Waiting Hoping and What to Do known as the Apartment Tapes which were released after his death 181 Television Edit 90 Bedford Street used for establishing shot in Friends The ABC sitcom Barney Miller 1975 82 was set at the fictional 12th precinct NYPD station in Greenwich Village The CBS sitcom Kate amp Allie 1984 1989 was set in Greenwich Village 182 The NBC sitcom Friends 1994 2004 is set in the Village Central Perk was supposedly on Mercer or Houston Street down the block from the Angelika Film Center d and Phoebe lived at 5 Morton Street e The building in the exterior shot of Chandler Joey Rachel and Monica s apartment building is at the corner of Grove and Bedford Streets in the West Village 183 One of the show s working titles was Once Upon a Time in the West Village However the address on Rachel s wedding invitation is 495 Grove Street which is actually in Brooklyn The Village features prominently throughout the six seasons of Mad Men In Season 1 Don Draper is having an affair with artist Midge Daniels who lives in the Village In Season 4 Don moves to an apartment on Waverly Place and Sixth Avenue specified for example in Public Relations And in Season 6 Betty Francis goes to Greenwich Village looking for a family friend in The Doorway and Joan Harris and her girlfriend Kate go on a night on the town that culminates at the Electric Circus in To Have and to Hold 184 185 On Sex and the City 1998 2004 exterior shots of Carrie Bradshaw s apartment building are of 66 Perry Street even though her address is given as on the Upper East Side citation needed The NBC Sitcom The Cosby Show 1984 92 made several references to the Village during its run and the townhouse used for exterior shots though purportedly set in Brooklyn for purposes of the show is actually located at 10 St Luke s Place 186 Mad About You was set in the Village The Buchman s apartment building was at 5th Avenue amp 12th Street just a few blocks north of Washington Square Park The Real World Back to New York the 2001 season of the MTV reality television series The Real World was filmed in the Village 187 Village Barn 1948 50 the first country music show on network television NBC originated from a nightclub of the same name in the basement of 52 West 8th Street Greenwich Village is the setting for Disney s Wizards of Waverly Place and Girl Meets World Theater Edit The play Bell Book and Candle is partly set in Greenwich Village See also Edit New York City portalCedar Tavern The Church of the Ascension Greenwich Village Society for Historic Preservation List of New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan below 14th Street The Market NYC National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan below 14th Street Village Care of New York Village PeopleReferences EditNotes Edit During the period of Dutch control over the area the Village was called Noortwyck Northern District because of its location north of the original settlement on Manhattan Island The colony of New Netherland was captured by English forces in 1664 Dutch colonist Yellis Mandeville who moved to the Village in the 1670s called it Groenwijck after the settlement on Long Island where he previously lived 6 The eleven freed Blacks were Paul d Angola Big Manuel Little Manuel Manuel de Gerrit de Rens Simon Congo Anthony Portuguese Gracia Peter Santome John Francisco Little Anthony and John Fort Orange 28 James Boorman Johnston 1822 1887 was a son of the prominent Scottish born New York merchant John Johnston in partnership with James Boorman 1783 1866 as Boorman amp Johnston developers of Washington Square North and a founder of New York University a group portrait of the Johnston Children 1831 is at the Museum of the City of New York 42 The Angelika Film Center was said to be up the block from Central Perk in The One Where Ross Hugs Rachel the sixth season s second episode placing the coffee house on Mercer Street or Houston This address was given The One With Joey s New Brain episode 7 15 Citations Edit a b NYC Planning Community Profiles communityprofiles planning nyc gov New York City Department of City Planning Retrieved March 18 2019 a b c d e Greenwich Village neighborhood in New York Retrieved March 18 2019 National Register Information System 79001604 National Register of Historic Places National Park Service March 13 2009 Definition of Greenwich Village Yahoo Education Archived from the original on May 11 2011 NYPL Map Division Greenwich Village Nyplmaps tumblr com January 25 2014 Archived from the original on April 5 2015 Retrieved January 27 2015 Greenwich Village nnp org Archived from the original on March 17 2007 Retrieved December 1 2010 a b Campus Map New York University Retrieved October 31 2013 a b New York Campus New York University Retrieved October 31 2013 Strenberg Adam November 12 2007 Embers of Gentrification New York Magazine p 5 Erin Carlyle October 8 2014 New York Dominates 2014 List of America s Most Expensive ZIP Codes Forbes Retrieved October 12 2014 West Village Housing trulia com Archived May 5 2020 at the Wayback Machine Accessed January 13 2016 F Y I Archived November 12 2022 at the Wayback Machine When did the East Village become the East Village and stop being part of the Lower East Side Jesse McKinley The New York Times June 1 1995 Retrieved August 26 2008 McFarland Gerald W 2005 Inside Greenwich Village A New York City Neighborhood 1898 1918 University of Massachusetts Press ISBN 978 1 55849 502 9 Village History The Greenwich Village Society for Historic Preservation Retrieved January 5 2008 Gold 1988 p 6 Harris Luther S 2003 Around Washington Square An Illustrated History of Greenwich Village Baltimore Johns Hopkins University Press ISBN 978 0 8018 7341 6 neighbourhood New York City New York United States Encyclopedia Britannica Retrieved July 3 2019 a b c d e Walsh Kevin November 1999 The Street Necrology of Greenwich Village Forgotten NY Retrieved August 17 2015 Landmark Maps Historic District Maps Manhattan Nyc gov Archived from the original on September 9 2010 Retrieved September 21 2010 Congressional District 10 Archived March 3 2020 at the Wayback Machine New York State Legislative Task Force on Demographic Research and Reapportionment Accessed May 5 2017 New York City Congressional Districts Archived February 24 2021 at the Wayback Machine New York State Legislative Task Force on Demographic Research and Reapportionment Accessed May 5 2017 Senate District 25 Archived March 3 2020 at the Wayback Machine New York State Legislative Task Force on Demographic Research and Reapportionment Accessed May 5 2017 2012 Senate District Maps New York City Archived February 24 2021 at the Wayback Machine New York State Legislative Task Force on Demographic Research and Reapportionment Accessed November 17 2018 Assembly District 66 Archived January 26 2020 at the Wayback Machine New York State Legislative Task Force on Demographic Research and Reapportionment Accessed May 5 2017 2012 Assembly District Maps New York City Archived February 25 2021 at the Wayback Machine New York State Legislative Task Force on Demographic Research and Reapportionment Accessed November 17 2018 Current City Council Districts for New York County Archived December 3 2020 at the Wayback Machine New York City Accessed May 5 2017 Gold 1988 p 2 a b Asbury Edith Evans December 7 1977 Freed Black Farmers Tilled Manhattan s Soil in the 1600s The New York Times Retrieved October 11 2018 Stokes I N Phelps 1915 1928 The iconography of Manhattan Island 1498 1909 v 6 New York NY Robert H Dodd p 159 Retrieved January 3 2015 Everyday Nature Knowledge of the Natural World in Colonial New York Rutgers University Press ISBN 978 0 8135 4379 6 Mordecai Gomez The Peopling of New York City macaulay cuny edu Retrieved February 5 2022 Gold 1988 p 3 a b c Burrows amp Wallace 1999 pp 366 367 Burrows amp Wallace 1999 p 448 a b Nevius Michelle amp Nevius James 2009 Inside the Apple A Streetwise History of New York City New York Free Press ISBN 141658997X p 53 Burrows amp Wallace 1999 p 369 Burrows amp Wallace 1999 pp 505 506 Walsh Kevin 2006 Forgotten New York The Ultimate Urban Explorer s Guide to All Five Boroughs p 155 a b Julia Goicichea August 16 2017 Why New York City Is a Major Destination for LGBT Travelers The Culture Trip Retrieved February 2 2019 a b Workforce Diversity The Stonewall Inn National Historic Landmark National Register Number 99000562 National Park Service U S Department of the Interior Retrieved May 1 2011 a b Eli Rosenberg June 24 2016 Stonewall Inn Named National Monument a First for the Gay Rights Movement The New York Times Retrieved June 25 2016 Johnston Children John Taylor Johnston 1820 1893 James Boorman Johnston 1822 1887 Margaret Taylor Johnston 1825 1875 and Emily Proudfoot Johnston 1827 1831 painting SIRIS Evoking the World of Winslow Homer The New York Times August 17 1997 Retrieved January 27 2015 History of the Tenth Street Studio Tfaoi com November 16 1997 Archived from the original on May 12 2014 Retrieved January 27 2015 Hotel Albert history Thehotelalbert com Retrieved January 27 2015 Gray Christopher The Albert Hotel Addresses Its Myths Archived July 8 2015 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times April 15 2011 Accessed June 21 2016 The Daily Plant The Free And Independent Republic Of Washington Square Nycgovparks org Retrieved January 27 2015 The Arch Conspirators A Centennial Celebration Atlas Obscura Archived from the original on January 21 2017 Retrieved January 23 2017 a b Bryan van Gorder October 22 2018 THE QUEER HISTORY AND PRESENT OF NYC S VILLAGE HALLOWEEN PARADE Logo TV Retrieved November 12 2022 Berman Avis 1990 Rebels on Eighth Street Juliana Force and the Whitney Museum of American Art New York Atheneum ISBN 9780689120862 Hans Hofmann Estate retrieved December 19 2008 Hanshofmann org Archived from the original on December 2 2008 Retrieved September 21 2010 National Affairs A Date at The Dance Hall Time com March 7 1949 p 1 National Affairs A Date at The Dance Hall Time com March 7 1949 p 2 William Robert Taylor Inventing Times Square commerce and culture at the crossroads of the world 1991 p 176 Many sources give the address at 2 Sheridan Square Barney Josephson Owner of Cafe Society Jazz Club Is Dead at 86 Archived November 12 2022 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times see history of The theater at One Sheridan Square Archived October 11 2016 at the Wayback Machine Village Halloween Parade History of the Parade Archived from the original on July 27 2014 Retrieved July 28 2014 Viagas 2004 p 72 Matter Mercedes 2002 New York Studio School of Drawing Painting and Sculpture The School Its History nyss org New York Studio School Archived from the original on April 26 2009 Retrieved February 27 2016 National Park Service 2008 Workforce Diversity The Stonewall Inn National Historic Landmark National Register Number 99000562 US Dept of Interior Retrieved July 28 2014 Obama inaugural speech references Stonewall gay rights riots North Jersey Media Group January 21 2013 Archived from the original on May 30 2013 Retrieved July 28 2014 NYC grants landmark status to gay rights movement building North Jersey Media Group Associated Press June 23 2015 Archived from the original on March 3 2016 Retrieved June 23 2015 Eli Rosenberg June 24 2016 Stonewall Inn Named National Monument a First for the Gay Rights Movement The New York Times Retrieved June 24 2016 a b Roberts Rex July 29 2002 When Greenwich Village was a Bohemian paradise Insight on the News Archived from the original on December 25 2007 Retrieved December 3 2007 Harris Paul August 14 2005 New York s heart loses its beat Arts London Guardian Unlimited Retrieved December 2 2007 Kugelmass Jack November 1993 The Fun Is in Dressing up The Greenwich Village Halloween Parade and the Reimagining of Urban Space Social Text 36 36 138 152 doi 10 2307 466393 JSTOR 466393 Lydersen Kari March 15 1999 SHAME OF THE CITIES Gentrification in the New Urban America LiP Magazine Archived from the original on December 25 2007 Retrieved December 3 2007 Desloovere Hesper November 15 2007 City Living Greenwich Village New York City Newsday Archived from the original on December 25 2007 Retrieved December 2 2007 Fieldsteel Patricia October 19 2005 Remembering a time when the Village was affordable The Villager New York Community Media LLC 75 22 Archived from the original on December 22 2016 Retrieved January 19 2019 Margot Gayle Urban Preservationist and Crusader With Style Dies at 100 The New York Times September 30 2008 Retrieved May 4 2010 NYC Dept of Parks and Recreation Shirley Hayes and the Preservation of Washington Square Park The Greenwich Village Society for Historic Preservation Preservation Archived from the original on February 27 2014 Retrieved March 4 2014 The New York Times September 11 2003 Blood on the Street and it s Chic The New York Times Retrieved March 4 2014 The Villager Gansevoort Historic District Gets Final Approval From City Archived from the original on September 2 2013 Retrieved March 4 2014 a b The Observer Village Historic District Extension Retrieved March 4 2014 Panel Enlarges Landmark Zone and Cites 2 Bronx Sites The New York Times June 22 2010 Retrieved March 4 2014 The Villager Positively South Village LPC Votes to Expand Historic District Retrieved March 4 2014 The Villager City Dubs Westbeth a Landmark Archived from the original on September 1 2013 Retrieved March 4 2014 Pei s University Village Tops List of 7 Landmarks The New York Times November 18 2008 Retrieved March 4 2014 City Landmarks Looking to Rezone Part of West Village Retrieved March 4 2014 Council Approves 2 Village Rezonings crainsnewyork com Retrieved March 4 2014 Eli Rosenberg March 19 2014 After A Long War Can NYU and the Village Ever Make Peace Vox Media Inc Retrieved July 28 2014 Russell James December 11 2013 NYU Blights Village With Dumpsters Fencing Concrete Bloomberg Retrieved August 8 2014 O Grady Jim January 23 2001 N Y U Law School Agrees To Save Part of Poe House The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved October 28 2022 Anderson Lincoln August 2 2006 Conceding nothing NYU starts building megadorm The Villager Vol 76 no 11 Archived from the original on August 20 2014 Retrieved August 8 2014 Ettinger Engineering Associates Portfolio New York University Founders Hall www ettingerengineering com Retrieved October 28 2022 Holmes Helen B November 16 2016 Supreme Court Clears The Way For NYU 2031 Expansion Plan Medium Retrieved October 28 2022 Bagli Charles January 7 2014 Judge Blocks Part of NYU s Plan for Four Towers in Greenwich Village The New York Times Retrieved August 8 2014 New York City Neighborhood Tabulation Areas 2010 Archived November 29 2018 at the Wayback Machine Population Division New York City Department of City Planning February 2012 Accessed June 16 2016 Table PL P5 NTA Total Population and Persons Per Acre New York City Neighborhood Tabulation Areas 2010 Archived June 10 2016 at the Wayback Machine Population Division New York City Department of City Planning February 2012 Accessed June 16 2016 Table PL P3A NTA Total Population by Mutually Exclusive Race and Hispanic Origin New York City Neighborhood Tabulation Areas 2010 Archived June 10 2016 at the Wayback Machine Population Division New York City Department of City Planning March 29 2011 Accessed June 14 2016 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Greenwich Village and Soho Including Greenwich Village Hudson Square Little Italy Noho Soho South Village and West Village PDF nyc gov NYC Health 2018 Archived PDF from the original on March 21 2019 Retrieved March 2 2019 a b 2016 2018 Community Health Assessment and Community Health Improvement Plan Take Care New York 2020 PDF nyc gov New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene 2016 Archived PDF from the original on September 9 2017 Retrieved September 8 2017 New Yorkers are living longer happier and healthier lives New York Post June 4 2017 Retrieved March 1 2019 NYC Manhattan Community District 1 amp 2 Battery Park City Greenwich Village amp Soho PUMA NY Retrieved July 17 2018 Gesso gesso fm Retrieved July 12 2021 Gesso gesso fm Retrieved July 12 2021 Wilson Claire April 6 2008 Audubon s New Home Brings the Outdoors In The New York Times NYPD 6th Precinct www nyc gov New York City Police Department Retrieved October 3 2016 Greenwich Village DNAinfo com Crime and Safety Report www dnainfo com Archived from the original on April 15 2017 Retrieved October 6 2016 6th Precinct CompStat Report PDF www nyc gov New York City Police Department Archived PDF from the original on April 13 2018 Retrieved July 22 2018 FDNY Firehouse Listing Location of Firehouses and companies NYC Open Data Socrata New York City Fire Department September 10 2018 Retrieved March 14 2019 Engine Company 24 Ladder Company 5 Battalion 2 FDNYtrucks com Retrieved March 14 2019 Squad 18 FDNYtrucks com Retrieved March 14 2019 Manhattan Hospital Listings New York Hospitals Retrieved March 20 2019 Best Hospitals in New York N Y U S News amp World Report July 26 2011 Retrieved March 20 2019 Greenwich Village New York City Manhattan New York Zip Code Boundary Map NY United States Zip Code Boundary Map USA Archived from the original on March 21 2019 Retrieved March 21 2019 Location Details Patchin USPS com Retrieved March 7 2019 Location Details Village USPS com Retrieved March 7 2019 Location Details West Village USPS com Retrieved March 7 2019 Greenwich Village Soho MN 02 PDF Furman Center for Real Estate and Urban Policy 2011 Archived PDF from the original on September 18 2013 Retrieved October 5 2016 From a Joke a School Is Born in the Village Archived December 2 2016 at the Wayback Machine New York Times September 18 2008 Parents work hard and take a risk to form a high school Archived September 1 2013 at the Wayback Machine The Villager September 24 2008 New private high school find home in Soho on Vandam St Archived March 3 2016 at the Wayback Machine The Villager November 21 2008 The New School Newschool edu August 25 2010 Retrieved September 21 2010 The New School Johnson Design Center Newschool edu Retrieved September 21 2010 Peter Cooper Columbia University Libraries 1891 Retrieved December 11 2012 Henry Whitney Bellows Lecture PDF Cooper Union Engineering Faculty 1999 Archived PDF from the original on September 26 2013 Retrieved December 12 2012 About the Jefferson Market Library The New York Public Library Retrieved March 14 2019 About the Hudson Park Library The New York Public Library Retrieved March 14 2019 Subway Map PDF Metropolitan Transportation Authority September 2021 Retrieved September 17 2021 Manhattan Bus Map PDF Metropolitan Transportation Authority July 2019 Retrieved December 1 2020 a b Biography Archived June 19 2016 at the Wayback Machine Edward Albee Society Accessed June 21 2016 Albee spent the 1950s living in Greenwich Village in a number of apartments and working a variety of odd jobs for example a telegram delivery person to supplement his monthly stipend from a trust fund left for him by his paternal grandmother Budin Jeremiah Alec Baldwin Expands Devonshire House Empire with 1BR Archived June 3 2016 at the Wayback Machine Curbed New York September 5 2013 Accessed June 21 2016 First Hathaway wants out of Dumbo then Harris moves into Harlem and now Alec Baldwin is staying right where he is in Greenwich Village and just buying up more space in the building he already lives in a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p The 2014 NYC Celebrity Star Map Infographic Archived June 26 2015 at the Wayback Machine Address Report May 12 2014 Accessed November 3 2016 Spokony Sam Richard Barone is cool with where he is right now Archived August 7 2016 at the Wayback Machine The Villager October 25 2012 Accessed June 21 2016 And as a longtime Greenwich Village resident Barone has certainly been just as active He s maintained a presence as a community advocate contributed valuable effort to a local nonprofit and recently took on a professorship at New York University Bell Arthur October 31 1977 A Talk on the Wild Side The Village Voice Retrieved February 26 2019 During heavy drinking periods he seldom left his Greenwich Village apartment Kaur Shirleigh Incomparable By The Bella Twins Book Review Archived December 3 2021 at the Wayback Machine TWM May 12 2020 Accessed February 25 2022 Brie explains how she did not expect to be in love with someone like Daniel especially as she had just established independence in New York after moving into an apartment in Greenwich Village which is why she delayed saying yes to being his girlfriend Hainey Michael Nate Berkus and Jeremiah Brent Share Their New York City Apartment and Daughter Poppy s Nursery In Greenwich Village star designers Nate Berkus and Jeremiah Brent and their daughter Poppy settle in to family life in spirited style Archived June 22 2016 at the Wayback Machine Architectural Digest September 30 2015 Accessed June 21 2016 Browne David Man Out of Time The Music and Mystery of David Blue Archived February 25 2022 at the Wayback Machine Rolling Stone June 23 2020 Accessed February 25 2022 He moved to Greenwich Village around 1960 with the dream of being an actor During the next few years he found himself in many of the Village s coffeehouses and bars catching poets and beatniks including the likes of Hugh Romney later known as Wavy Gravy Marino Vivian Sarah Jessica Parker s House Sells for 18 25 Million Archived April 1 2018 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times July 3 2015 Accessed June 21 2016 A 25 foot wide Greek Revival style townhouse on a prime tree lined street in Greenwich Village that Sarah Jessica Parker and Matthew Broderick bought refurbished and promptly returned to the market sold for 18 250 000 and was the most expensive closed sale of the week according to city records a b Johnson Richard November 9 2006 Page Six Secure Location New York Post Archived from the original on December 21 2008 a b c d e f Kurutz Steven What Do Anna Wintour and Bob Dylan Have in Common This Secret Garden Archived February 14 2019 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times September 28 2016 Accessed November 3 2016 The house is part of the Macdougal Sullivan Gardens Historic District a landmarked community of 21 row homes with 11 lining Macdougal Street and 10 running parallel on Sullivan Street Poli Bruce Ramsey Clark Living Legend of the Great Society Archived February 25 2022 at the Wayback Machine WestView News April 7 2018 Accessed February 25 2022 Ramsey Clark sits back and gazes out the window to the sunny streets of Greenwich Village My wife was the one who chose to live here And it s been a blessing It s really a relaxed place and the people are great After all I ve lived here half my life Williams Galen Outtakes Patricia Clarkson Humor amp Rue without Ado Archived February 25 2022 at the Wayback Machine The Brooklyn Rail February 2004 Accessed February 25 2022 Patricia Clarkson who dates actor Campbell Scott and lives in Greenwich Village was born in 1959 in New Orleans and earned a master s from Yale Drama School Saxon Wolfgang Jacob Cohen 74 Psychologist And Pioneer in Statistical Studies Archived January 10 2017 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times February 7 1998 Accessed June 21 2016 Dr Jacob Cohen a professor emeritus of psychology at New York University who reinvented some of the ways researchers in the behavioral sciences gather and interpret their statistics died on Jan 20 at St Vincent s Hospital and Medical Center He was 74 and a resident of Greenwich Village and South Wellfleet on Cape Cod in Massachusetts Secure Location Bowery Boogie Archived from the original on December 27 2009 Janes Andrea The Web of Disrepute Washington Square s Weird Literary Past Archived February 25 2022 at the Wayback Machine Literary New York August 15 2016 Accessed February 25 2022 Another Washington Square author of ghostly predilections is detective writer Aleister Crowley who lived at 1 University Place in 1918 The current building at that address was constructed in 1929 but he lived in an artist s studio that was formerly on that site a b David Mark April 24 2013 Claire Danes Snags NYC Townhouse Variety Retrieved August 13 2018 Bosworth Patricia February 3 2014 The Shadow King Vanity Fair Goldstein Patrick Defensive Him Archived February 25 2022 at the Wayback Machine Los Angeles Times September 17 2002 Accessed February 25 2022 When De Palma couldn t get into a screening of Russian Ark a Russian German film shot in one 96 minute take he simply found something else to see When I beseeched him to see City of God a Miramax film from Brazil that was my favorite festival entry he brushed it off saying he doesn t bother with films that he can eventually see at the theater around the corner from where he lives in Greenwich Village Turner Christopher Adventures in the Orgasmatron Archived February 2 2017 at the Wayback Machine excerpted in The New York Times September 23 2011 Accessed November 2 2016 Greenwich Village bohemians such as the writers Max Eastman and Floyd Dell the anarchist Emma Goldman who had been deeply impressed by the lucidity of Freud s 1909 lectures and Mabel Dodge who ran an avant garde salon in her apartment on Fifth Avenue adapted psychoanalysis to create their own free love philosophy Actor s toughest role CNN 2004 Retrieved May 1 2008 Seabrook John June 11 2007 Transplant The New Yorker Crystal Eastman 1881 1928 Radical Feminist from Greenwich Village Archived November 4 2016 at the Wayback Machine College of Staten Island Accessed November 2 2016 Crystal Eastman was born in Marlborough Mass on June 25 1881 She graduated from Vassar College Poughkeepsie N Y in 1903 and moved to Greenwich Village that same year Katz Jamie The Power of YES Archived January 30 2022 at the Wayback Machine Columbia College Today Winter 2014 Accessed January 30 2022 The youngest of four sons of the late Joseph and Helen Eisner Eisner grew up mostly in Greenwich Village where he graduated from the Little Red Schoolhouse and Elisabeth Irwin H S Inside Emma Stone s Marriage Archived January 30 2022 at the Wayback Machine Nicki Swift August 4 2021 Accessed January 30 2022 Emma Stone made the most of her twenties She starred in several critically and commercially successful movies lived in New York City s Greenwich Village shared four years of love with Andrew Garfield and topped it all off by nabbing the Academy Award for Best Actress for her performance in La La Land Greenberg Hank December 16 2009 Hank Greenberg The Story of My Life Ivan R Dee ISBN 9781461662389 via Google Books No 50 West 10th Street A Carriage House with Broadway History Archived October 13 2016 at the Wayback Machine Daytonian in Manhattan June 14 2011 Accessed November 3 2016 In 1949 Evans purchased No 50 West 10th starting its tradition as the home to celebrated theatrical names When Evans sold the house in May 1965 for 120 000 it was the illustrious playwright Edward Albee who moved in Only three years later Albee sold the house to composer and lyricist Jerry Herman for 210 000 Gaffney Adrienne June 29 2017 Inside Edward Hopper s Private World Architectural Digest Retrieved October 15 2020 Secure Location New York Post December 3 2009 permanent dead link Niemietz Brian Gossip star Johnson begins new run with Daily News Archived January 30 2022 at the Wayback Machine New York Daily News September 16 2021 Accessed January 30 2022 via Newspapers com Richard Johnson has put gossip legend status on hold for one more stint as a gossip columnist His return to the biz comes just two years after retiring from the industry he revolutionized while running the New York Post s Page Six gossip page for a quarter century The Greenwich Village native s re turn to the Daily News where he served a short stint in 1991 begins this weekend with a column that will post online Friday and appear in Sunday s paper 17 LGBT landmarks of Greenwich Village 6sqft May 30 2019 Retrieved March 12 2020 Gray Christopher November 10 1996 For Rent 3 Floor House 9 1 2 Ft Wide 6 000 a Month The New York Times Retrieved December 14 2015 Doonan Simon Julianne Moore s Verdant New York City Garden After a false start designing her own garden the actress taps Brian Sawyer to give her a playful romantic sanctuary in the heart of the West Village Archived November 4 2016 at the Wayback Machine Architectural Digest February 29 2012 Accessed November 3 2016 I had several goes at the garden and it was just a disaster says the affable distinctly un Hollywood Moore gesturing toward her 1 000 square foot Greenwich Village backyard Grimberg Salomon Muray Nickolas October 26 2006 I Will Never Forget You Frida Kahlo and Nickolas Muray Chronicle Books ISBN 9780811856928 via Google Books Wilonsky Robert Lilith Fare A Chat with Bebe Neuwirth Archived November 4 2016 at the Wayback Machine Dallas Observer May 25 2007 Accessed November 3 2016 She doesn t have cable and only watches TV at night on the few broadcast stations she can pick up in her home in Greenwich Village Grove Lloyd Morgan Hudson July 15 2005 GMA Hails a High Flying Competitor New York Daily News Archived from the original on December 27 2017 Retrieved December 26 2017 If movie star Edward Norton never hears another mention of the West Side stadium it ll be too soon At Wednesday night s Friends of the High Line summer benefit the West Village resident voiced his disdain Brick from Poe s Last Manhattan Residence Archived August 6 2016 at the Wayback Machine The Museum of Edgar Allan Poe Accessed November 3 2016 This brick was one of 700 salvaged from Poe s Greenwich Village home after the building was demolished by New York University Finn Terri Lowen Leontyne Price Returning Archived December 20 2016 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times September 13 1981 Accessed December 19 2016 On a recent morning at her Federal Era home in Greenwich Village Miss Price agreed to share some of her thoughts on the satisfactions and pitfalls of a vocal career and her plans for the future Rovzar Chris October 15 2009 Harry Potter Buys Historic West Village Townhouse Daily Intelligence New York Retrieved February 18 2018 Bronson Fred 2003 The Billboard Book of Number 1 Hits 5th ed United States Billboard Books p 443 ISBN 978 0823076772 Ohrstrom Lysandra Amy Sedaris Stays In West Village Buys 1 3 M Co Op Archived August 27 2016 at the Wayback Machine New York Observer July 23 2008 Accessed November 3 2016 Simonson Robert Adrienne Shelly Offbeat Actress of Stage and Film Dies at 40 Adrienne Shelly who gained fame as filmmaker Hal Hartley s early muse was found dead on Nov 1 in her apartment in Greenwich Village an apparent suicide Archived January 30 2022 at the Wayback Machine Playbill November 3 2006 Accessed January 30 2022 Itzkoff Dave James Spader Prepares for Avengers Age of Ultron Archived January 1 2020 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times April 22 2015 Accessed November 3 2016 One overcast spring afternoon James Spader was lurking in plain sight standing on the stoop of the Greenwich Village townhouse where he lives wearing a sport coat a fedora and a bright purple scarf smoking a cigarette and talking on a cellphone with the producers of his NBC series The Blacklist Carter Terry January 1 2018 30 Stars Who Are Turning 30 in 2018 PopSugar Archived from the original on February 18 2018 Retrieved February 18 2018 Uma Thurman s stalker arrested Archived December 15 2018 at the Wayback Machine London Evening Standard December 1 2010 Accessed December 19 2016 During his 2008 trial Jordan who had been found outside the star s home in Greenwich Village New York said he would have left the Pulp Fiction beauty alone if he knew his behaviour was scaring her Hogan Michael Marisa Tomei I m a leading actress caught in a supporting actress vortex Archived April 13 2019 at the Wayback Machine The Guardian June 25 2017 Accessed January 19 2018 Tomei is speaking from her apartment in Greenwich Village Not to be confused with Greenwich London or Greenwich Connecticut she helpfully points out Farmer Ann 35 Lucky and Hungry Diners Eat and Walk With Calvin Trillin Archived December 20 2016 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times October 5 2008 Accessed December 19 2016 The tour stems from the Sunday strolls he would take with his wife Alice and their two daughters Starting from their home in Greenwich Village and ending in Chinatown they would stop to sample some of the city s best ethnic dishes at various Old World and hole in the wall establishments rentenna s NYC Celebrity Map New York Observer January 2014 Archived from the original on October 13 2016 Retrieved February 18 2018 Chloe Webb Archived February 25 2022 at the Wayback Machine AllMovie Accessed February 25 2022 Born Jun 25 1956 in Greenwich Village New York United States Comics are the literature of outcasts Archived February 25 2022 at the Wayback Machine Researching Greenwich Village History Companion site to Creating Digital History NYU GA HIST 2033 November 4 2014 Accessed February 25 2022 Wonder Woman herself lived in the Village in the sixties and seventies Madame Xanadu a sorceress based on the Arthurian legend of Nimue had her salon on Chrystie Street Herman David A Strange Spot on Bleecker Street Archived February 25 2022 at the Wayback Machine Village Preservation Blog June 2 2021 Accessed February 25 2022 You re walking along Bleecker Street in the heart of Greenwich Village when the hairs on the back of your neck stand on end You ve arrived at your destination 177A Bleecker Street better known as the Sanctum Sanctorum and home to the famed sorcerer hero Dr Strange Itzkoff Dave ARTSBEAT Judge Clears Disturbia In Infringement Suit Archived February 2 2017 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times September 23 2010 Accessed November 3 2016 No matter what James Stewart thought he saw from his wheelchair perched perilously close to the window overlooking his Greenwich Village courtyard in Rear Window a federal judge said she did not see enough similarities between that 1954 Alfred Hitchcock thriller and the 2007 film Disturbia to rule that it infringed on the copyright of the earlier movie La Ferla Ruth Downbeat Never Looked So Good Archived February 2 2017 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times August 17 2006 Accessed November 3 2016 Looking lithe if slightly owlish Audrey Hepburn made a fetching bookstore clerk turned model in Funny Face the action of that 1957 film whisking her from grotty Greenwich Village to the Left Bank of Paris Whitty Stephen Family Viewing Wait Until Dark Archived November 4 2016 at the Wayback Machine ArtiSyndicate February 22 2014 Accessed November 3 2016 Wait Until Dark 1967 Directed by Terence Young With Audrey Hepburn Alan Arkin Once upon a time Susy the world s champion blind lady is alone in her chic Greenwich Village apartment when the doorbell rings The Collector of Bedford Street Welcome Change Productions Retrieved February 18 2018 Helmore Edward Why Inside Llewyn Davis doesn t get inside the Village The Coen Brothers movie is immersed in the folk scene of the early 60s in Greenwich Village where boho survivors still recall the glory days and lament a few of the film s flaws Archived August 25 2016 at the Wayback Machine The Guardian January 25 2014 Accessed October 27 2016 Rodwin Lloyd Neighbors Are Needed Archived October 28 2016 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times November 5 1961 Accessed October 27 2016 Waldman Adelle Blaming the Burbs Archived October 18 2018 at the Wayback Machine The New Republic December 22 2008 Accessed October 27 2016 Hunter Stephen Deception rules Mother Night Review Nolte Arkin are great in a big film that doesn t act like the small budget movie it is Archived October 28 2016 at the Wayback Machine The Baltimore Sun November 8 1996 Accessed October 27 2016 Cornelia and the Audacious Escapades of the Somerset Sisters Archived October 28 2016 at the Wayback Machine Publishers Weekly Accessed October 27 2016 This promising first novel introduces memorable 11 year old Cornelia S Englehart who lives in Greenwich Village with her very famous concert pianist mother Lucille Englehart Johnson Nora 1985 Tender Offer New York Simon amp Schuster p 98 ISBN 0 671 55666 5 The Human Stain Greenwich Village ca 1953 Patell and Waterman s HIstory of New York ahistoryofnewyork com Retrieved August 30 2021 Carlson Jen NYC Album Art The Freewheelin Bob Dylan Archived May 21 2011 at the Wayback Machine Gothamist April 18 2006 accessed August 11 2011 Where I Should Have Been Born NY Daily Quote October 9 2011 Retrieved February 18 2018 Bunyan Patrick November 2010 All Around the Town Amazing Manhattan Facts and Curiosities New York Fordham University Press p 160 ISBN 978 0 8232 3174 4 Retrieved December 18 2010 Kate and Allie Television Heaven Archived January 21 2021 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 8 January 2021 Filming locations for Friends Movielocationsguide com Retrieved September 21 2010 Matt Zoller Seitz April 22 2013 Mad Men Recap The Electric Circus Vulture Alex Ross April 21 2013 The Rest is Noise Electric Circus Electric Ear The New Yorker Gordon William A June 1 2000 Shot On This Site A Traveler s Guide to the Places and Locations Used to Film Famous Movies and T V Shows New York Citadel Press p 210 ISBN 0 806 51647 X Retrieved April 16 2018 Hudson Street Loft Realworldhouses com Retrieved September 21 2010 Sources Edit Burrows Edwin G and Wallace Mike 1999 Gotham A History of New York City to 1898 New York Oxford University Press ISBN 0 195 11634 8 Gold Joyce 1988 From Trout Stream to Bohemia A Walking Guide to Greenwich Village History Old Warren Road Press ISBN 978 0 9610858 2 7 Greenwich Village Archived June 15 2020 at the Wayback Machine by Anna Alice Chapin 1919 from Project GutenbergExternal links EditGreenwich Village at Wikipedia s sister projects Media from Commons Travel information from Wikivoyage Data from Wikidata Greenwich Village Society for Historic Preservation Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Greenwich Village amp oldid 1141761369, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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