3 (New York City Subway service)
The 3 Seventh Avenue Express[3] is a rapid transit service in the A Division of the New York City Subway. Its route emblem, or "bullet", is colored red since it uses the IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line through most of Manhattan.[4]
The 3 operates at all times. Daytime service operates between 148th Street in Harlem, Manhattan and New Lots Avenue in East New York, Brooklyn, making express stops in Manhattan and all stops in Brooklyn. Late night service short turns at Times Square–42nd Street in Midtown Manhattan.
The 3 train formerly ran to City Hall or South Ferry in Manhattan, and was later rerouted to Flatbush Avenue–Brooklyn College in Brooklyn. In 1983, it was rerouted to New Lots Avenue.
Service history
Early history
1967–1979 bullet |
On November 23, 1904, the IRT Lenox Avenue Line opened between 96th Street and 145th Street. 3 trains ran between 145th Street and City Hall, making all stops.[5]
On July 1, 1918, the entire IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line was completed. 3 trains were rerouted south of 42nd Street from the IRT Lexington Avenue Line to this new line, making all stops to South Ferry.[5]
As of 1934, 3 service operated between 145th Street and South Ferry except late nights, when service operated between 145th Street and 96th Street, making local stops.[citation needed]
Under the New York City Transit Authority
On January 3, 1955, late night two-car shuttle service between 145th Street and 96th Street, between 12:12 and 6:57 a.m. was discontinued due to low ridership. As a result, 145th Street was closed overnight. In addition, some 3 trains started running express in Manhattan during rush hours.[6] These trains were extended to Flatbush Avenue; a few layups and put-ins ran to New Lots Avenue.[5] However, from December 20, 1957, 3 trains were rerouted to New Lots Avenue during rush hours. On February 6, 1959, all trains except late nights made express stops in Manhattan as part of the "West Side Improvement" and ran to Flatbush Avenue.[5]
Starting April 8, 1960, 3 trains were rerouted from Flatbush Avenue to New Lots Avenue, and weekday evening service between 9 p.m. and 1 a.m. was cut to a shuttle between 145th Street and 135th Street. Before the change, 3 trains had run between 145th Street and Flatbush Avenue between about 5:30 a.m. and 12:45 a.m. on weekdays and Saturdays and from about 7:15 a.m. to 12:45 a.m. on Sundays. This service had been supplemented by additional service to and from New Lots Avenue.[7][8]
However, on April 18, 1965, 3 service started to run to Flatbush Avenue again.[5] On October 17, 1965, weekend evening service was also cut to a shuttle between 145th Street and 135th Street.
On May 13, 1968, trains were extended to the newly completed 148th Street–Lenox Terminal.[9] Later that year, on November 12, late night shuttle service was implemented between 148th Street and 135th Street.[10] On May 23, 1976, the current practice of starting Sunday service late (9 or 10 a.m.) began.[5]
On July 10, 1983, the 2 and 3 trains swapped terminals in Brooklyn, with 2 trains terminating at Flatbush Avenue and 3 trains terminating at New Lots Avenue. These changes were made to reduce non-revenue subway car mileage, to provide a dedicated fleet for each service, and to provide an easily accessible inspection yard for each service. The change allowed the 2 to be dedicated to 239th Street Yard and allowed the 3 to be assigned to Livonia Yard. With the rerouting of 3 trains, train lengths along the New Lots Line were reduced from 10 cars to 9 cars, within acceptable crowding levels, and train lengths along the Nostrand Avenue Line were increased from 9 to 10 cars, reducing crowding.[11][12]
Beginning on August 5, 1990, late-night shuttles between 148th Street and 135th Street were discontinued and replaced by shuttle buses. On September 4, 1994, late-night shuttles between 148th Street and 135th Street were resumed, but were discontinued again on September 10, 1995.[13] This was a cost-saving measure due to low ridership.[14]
From March 2[15] to October 12, 1998, the IRT Lenox Avenue Line was rehabilitated. Most 3 service was rerouted to 137th Street–City College.[16]
Recent history
After September 11, 2001, the 3 service became a local in Manhattan. After a few switching delays at 96th Street, service was changed on September 19, 2001. All 3 trains began to operate express in Manhattan and terminated at 14th Street instead of New Lots Avenue; daytime 1 trains was extended to Brooklyn to cover 3 service. Also on this date, 3 trains began to permanently use consists of 10-car trains as a result of equipment sharing between Livonia Yard (the maintenance facility in Brooklyn where subway cars assigned to the 3 are based from) and 240th Street Yard (the maintenance facility in the Bronx where subway cars assigned to the 1 are based from). [17] Service returned to New Lots Avenue on September 15, 2002.[5]
On July 27, 2008, late night 3 service was restored, operating express between 148th Street and Times Square–42nd Street. In addition, late morning weekday service was increased from running every 6 to 8 minutes to running every 5 to 7 minutes to reduce crowding on the 2. These increases were made as part of an $8.9 million package of systemwide service enhancements.[18][19]
The Clark Street Tube underwent planned repairs on weekends from June 17, 2017 to June 24, 2018 due to Hurricane Sandy-related damage. The 3 operated only in Manhattan between Harlem-148th Street and 14th Street with 4 trains providing service in Brooklyn.[20][21]
On November 17, 2019, New York City Transit made adjustments to weekday evening 3, 4, and 5 service in order to accommodate planned subway work. Late night 3 service to Times Square started an hour earlier, at 10:30 p.m. instead of 11:30 p.m.; to replace 3 service, 4 service was extended to New Lots Avenue. This change, which was approved by the MTA Board on June 27, 2019, was expected to save the agency $900,000 annually.[22][23]
Route
Service pattern
The following table shows the lines used by the 3, with shaded boxes indicating the route at the specified times:[24]
| Line | From | To | Tracks | Times | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| all ex. nights | late nights | ||||
| IRT Lenox Avenue Line (full line) | Harlem–148th Street | Central Park North–110th Street | all | ||
| IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line | 96th Street | Times Square–42nd Street | express | ||
| 34th Street–Penn Station | Chambers Street | ||||
| IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line, Brooklyn Branch | Park Place | Borough Hall | all | ||
| IRT Eastern Parkway Line (full line) | Hoyt Street | Crown Heights–Utica Avenue | local | ||
| IRT New Lots Line (full line) | Sutter Avenue–Rutland Road | New Lots Avenue | all | ||
Stations
For a more detailed station listing, see the articles on the lines listed above.[3]
| Station service legend | |
|---|---|
| Stops all times | |
| Stops all times except late nights | |
| Stops weekdays during the day | |
| Stops rush hours only | |
| Station closed | |
| Stops rush hours in the peak direction only (limited service) | |
| Stops rush hours in the reverse-peak direction only (limited service) | |
| Time period details | |
| Station is compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act | |
| ↑ | Station is compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act in the indicated direction only |
| ↓ | |
| Elevator access to mezzanine only | |
| Stations | Subway transfers | Connections/Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Manhattan | ||||
| Lenox Avenue Line | ||||
| Harlem–148th Street | ||||
| 145th Street | Access to and from first five cars of southbound trains, and from first five cars of northbound trains only; no northbound entry. Some southbound a.m. rush hour trips begin at this station | |||
| 135th Street | 2 | |||
| 125th Street | 2 | M60 Select Bus Service to LaGuardia Airport | ||
| 116th Street | 2 | |||
| Central Park North–110th Street | 2 | |||
| Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line | ||||
| 96th Street | 1 2 | |||
| 72nd Street | 1 2 | |||
| Times Square–42nd Street | 1 2 7 <7> (IRT Flushing Line) A C E (IND Eighth Avenue Line at 42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal) N Q R W (BMT Broadway Line) S (42nd Street Shuttle) B D F <F> M (IND Sixth Avenue Line at 42nd Street–Bryant Park, daytime only) | Port Authority Bus Terminal M34A Select Bus Service | ||
| 34th Street–Penn Station | 1 2 | M34 / M34A Select Bus Service Amtrak, LIRR and NJ Transit at Pennsylvania Station | ||
| 14th Street | 1 2 Out-of-system transfers with MetroCard/OMNY: F <F> M (IND Sixth Avenue Line at 14th Street) L (BMT Canarsie Line at Sixth Avenue) | PATH at 14th Street M14A/D Select Bus Service | ||
| Chambers Street | 1 2 | |||
| Brooklyn branch | ||||
| Park Place | 2 A C (IND Eighth Avenue Line at Chambers Street) E (IND Eighth Avenue Line at World Trade Center) R W (BMT Broadway Line at Cortlandt Street) | PATH at World Trade Center | ||
| Fulton Street | 2 4 5 (IRT Lexington Avenue Line) A C (IND Eighth Avenue Line) J Z (BMT Nassau Street Line) | PATH at World Trade Center | ||
| Wall Street | 2 | M15 Select Bus Service Staten Island Ferry at Whitehall Terminal | ||
| Brooklyn | ||||
| Clark Street | 2 | ⛴ NYC Ferry: East River and South Brooklyn routes (at Old Fulton Street and Furman Street) | ||
| Borough Hall | 2 4 5 (IRT Eastern Parkway Line) R W (BMT Fourth Avenue Line at Court Street) | |||
| Eastern Parkway Line | ||||
| Hoyt Street | 2 | |||
| Nevins Street | 2 4 5 | |||
| Atlantic Avenue–Barclays Center | 2 4 5 B Q (BMT Brighton Line) D N Q R W (BMT Fourth Avenue Line) | LIRR Atlantic Branch at Atlantic Terminal | ||
| Bergen Street | 2 4 | |||
| Grand Army Plaza | 2 4 | |||
| Eastern Parkway–Brooklyn Museum | 2 4 | |||
| Franklin Avenue–Medgar Evers College | 2 4 5 S (BMT Franklin Avenue Line at Botanic Garden) | |||
| Nostrand Avenue | 2 4 5 | B44 Select Bus Service | ||
| Kingston Avenue | 2 4 5 | |||
| Crown Heights–Utica Avenue | 2 4 5 | B46 Select Bus Service | ||
| New Lots Line | ||||
| Sutter Avenue–Rutland Road | 2 4 5 | B15 bus to JFK Int'l Airport | ||
| Saratoga Avenue | 2 4 5 | |||
| Rockaway Avenue | 2 4 5 | |||
| Junius Street | 2 4 5 Out-of-system transfer with MetroCard/OMNY: L (BMT Canarsie Line at Livonia Avenue) | |||
| Pennsylvania Avenue | 2 4 5 | |||
| Van Siclen Avenue | 2 4 5 | |||
| New Lots Avenue | 2 4 5 | B15 bus to JFK Int'l Airport | ||
References
- ^ 'Subdivision 'A' Car Assignment Effective December 19, 2021'. New York City Transit, Operations Planning. December 17, 2021.
- ^ "Subdivision 'A' Car Assignments: Cars Required June 27, 2021" (PDF). The Bulletin. Electric Railroaders' Association. 64 (7): 2. July 2021. Retrieved December 3, 2021.
- ^ a b "3 Subway Timetable, Effective June 26, 2022". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved August 1, 2022.
- ^ "Mta.info | Line Colors".
- ^ a b c d e f g "NYCT Line by Line History". erictb.info. Retrieved October 23, 2016.
- ^ "Subway Cut Is Explained By Official". New York Amsterdam News. December 18, 1954 – via Proquest.
- ^ Friedlander, Alex; Lonto, Arthur; Raudenbush, Henry (April 1960). (PDF). New York Division Bulletin. Electric Railroaders' Association. 3 (1): 3. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 14, 2020. Retrieved May 22, 2020.
- ^ (PDF). New York Division Bulletin. Electric Railroaders' Association. 3 (1): 3. April 1960. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 14, 2020. Retrieved May 22, 2020.
- ^ "IRT Passengers Get New 148th St. Station". The New York Times. May 14, 1968. p. 95. Retrieved October 4, 2011.
- ^ Another Transit Improvement... Line 3 (7 Ave. Lenox Shuttle) All Night Service, New York City Transit Authority, 1968, retrieved June 30, 2021
- ^ "New IRT Schedules - Increased Service to Flatbush Avenue". New York Division Bulletin. July 1983.
- ^ "Notice of Public Hearing". New York Amsterdam News. February 26, 1983. Retrieved January 13, 2020.
- ^ "Coming Transit Reductions: What They Mean for You," The New York Times, August 20, 1995, p. CY10
- ^ Bleyer, Jennifer (July 17, 2005). "In a City That Never Sleeps, Two Stations That Doze". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved July 11, 2017.
- ^ Christian, Nichole M. (March 3, 1998). "Subway Line Repairs Start With Confusion". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved September 23, 2016.
- ^ . October 19, 2002. Archived from the original on October 19, 2002. Retrieved September 18, 2016.
- ^ Chiasson, George (November 2001), "Redbird Update" (PDF), The Bulletin, New York Division, Electric Railroaders’ Association, p. 16, retrieved April 7, 2023
- ^ "Service Enhancements on 3 Line" (Press release). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. July 24, 2008. Retrieved July 26, 2008.
- ^ Neuman, William (June 19, 2008). "Subway Service Increase to Be Less Than Hoped". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 12, 2020.
- ^ (PDF). mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. December 12, 2016. pp. PDF-169 to PDF-175. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 10, 2016. Retrieved December 9, 2016.
- ^ . web.mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. March 13, 2018. Archived from the original on March 13, 2018. Retrieved February 20, 2023.
- ^ "Transit and Bus Committee Meeting June 2019" (PDF). mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. June 24, 2019. pp. 94–97. Retrieved January 12, 2020.
- ^ "5 Subway Timetable Effective November 17, 2019". mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. November 17, 2019. Retrieved January 12, 2020.
- ^ "Subway Service Guide" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. September 2019. Retrieved September 22, 2019.
External links
- MTA NYC Transit – 3 Seventh Avenue Express
- MTA Subway Time—3 Train
- "3 Subway Timetable, Effective June 26, 2022". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved August 1, 2022.