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Wikipedia

Edward Albee

March 08, 2023

Edward Franklin Albee III (/ˈɔːlbiː/ AWL-bee; March 12, 1928 – September 16, 2016) was an American playwright known for works such as The Zoo Story (1958), The Sandbox (1959), Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? (1962), A Delicate Balance (1966), and Three Tall Women (1994). Some critics have argued that some of his work constitutes an American variant of what Martin Esslin identified and named the Theater of the Absurd.[1] Three of his plays won the Pulitzer Prize for Drama, and two of his other works won the Tony Award for Best Play.

Edward Albee
BornEdward Franklin Albee III
(1928-03-12)March 12, 1928
Washington, D.C., U.S.
DiedSeptember 16, 2016(2016-09-16) (aged 88)
Montauk, New York, U.S.
OccupationDramatist
Period1958–2016
Notable works
Notable awards
Partner
Jonathan Thomas
(esp. 1971; died 2005)

His works are often considered frank examinations of the modern condition. His early works reflect a mastery and Americanization of the Theatre of the Absurd that found its peak in works by European playwrights such as Samuel Beckett, Eugène Ionesco, and Jean Genet.

His middle period comprised plays that explored the psychology of maturing, marriage, and sexual relationships. Younger American playwrights, such as Paula Vogel, credit Albee's mix of theatricality and biting dialogue with helping to reinvent postwar American theatre in the early 1960s. Later in life, Albee continued to experiment in works such as The Goat, or Who Is Sylvia? (2002).

Early life

 
Edward Albee by Irish artist Reginald Gray (The New York Times, 1966), inspired by a photograph taken in 1962 from Bettmann/Corbis.

Edward Albee was born in 1928. His biological father left his mother, Louise Harvey, and he was placed for adoption two weeks later and taken to Larchmont, New York, where he grew up.[2] Albee's adoptive father, Reed A. Albee, the wealthy son of vaudeville magnate Edward Franklin Albee II, owned several theaters. His adoptive mother, Reed's second wife, Frances (Cotter), was a socialite.[3][4] He later based the main character of his 1991 play Three Tall Women on his mother, with whom he had a conflicted relationship.[5]

Albee attended the Rye Country Day School, then the Lawrenceville School in New Jersey, from which he was expelled.[3] He then was sent to Valley Forge Military Academy in Wayne, Pennsylvania, where he was dismissed in less than a year.[6] He enrolled at The Choate School (now Choate Rosemary Hall) in Wallingford, Connecticut,[7] graduating in 1946. He had attracted theatre attention by having scripted and published nine poems, eleven short stories, essays, a long act play, Schism, and a 500-page novel, The Flesh of Unbelievers (Horn, 1) in 1946. His formal education continued at Trinity College in Hartford, Connecticut, where he was expelled in 1947 for skipping classes and refusing to attend compulsory chapel.[7]

Albee left home for good in his late teens. In a later interview, he said: "I never felt comfortable with the adoptive parents. I don't think they knew how to be parents. I probably didn't know how to be a son, either."[8] In a 1994 interview, he said he left home at 18 because "[he] had to get out of that stultifying, suffocating environment."[5] In 2008, he told interviewer Charlie Rose that he was "thrown out" because his parents wanted him to become a "corporate thug" and did not approve of his aspirations to be a writer.[9]

Career

 
Edward Albee, photographed by Carl Van Vechten, 1961

Albee moved into New York's Greenwich Village,[6] where he supported himself with odd jobs while learning to write plays.[10] Primarily in his early plays, Albee's work had various representations of the LGBTQIA community often challenging the image of a heterosexual marriage.[11] Despite challenging society's views about the gay community, he did not view himself as an LGBT advocate.[11] Albee's work typically criticized the American Dream.[11] His first play, The Zoo Story, written in three weeks,[12] was first staged in Berlin in 1959 before premiering Off-Broadway in 1960.[13] His next, The Death of Bessie Smith, similarly premiered in Berlin before arriving in New York.[14]

Albee's most iconic play, Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?, opened on Broadway at the Billy Rose Theatre on October 13, 1962, and closed on May 16, 1964, after five previews and 664 performances.[15] The controversial play won the Tony Award for Best Play in 1963 and was selected for the 1963 Pulitzer Prize by the award's drama jury, but the selection was overruled by the advisory committee, which elected not to give a drama award at all.[16] The two members of the jury, John Mason Brown and John Gassner, subsequently resigned in protest.[17] An Academy Award-winning film adaptation by Ernest Lehman was released in 1966 starring Elizabeth Taylor, Richard Burton, George Segal, and Sandy Dennis, and was directed by Mike Nichols.[18] In 2013, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".[19]

Georgia State University English professor Matthew Roudane divides Albee's plays into three periods: the Early Plays (1959–1966), characterized by gladiatorial confrontations, bloodied action and fight to the metaphorical death; the Middle Plays (1971–1987), when Albee lost favor of Broadway audience and started premiering in the U.S. regional theaters and in Europe; and the Later plays (1991–2016), received as a remarkable comeback and watched by appreciative audiences and critics the world over.[20]

According to The New York Times, Albee was "widely considered to be the foremost American playwright of his generation."[21]

The less-than-diligent student later dedicated much of his time to promoting American university theatre. He served as a distinguished professor at the University of Houston, where he taught playwriting. His plays are published by Dramatists Play Service[22] and Samuel French, Inc.

Achievements and honors

 
Albee in 1997

A member of the Dramatists Guild Council, Albee received three Pulitzer Prizes for drama—for A Delicate Balance (1967), Seascape (1975), and Three Tall Women (1994).

Albee was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1972.[23] In 1985, Albee was inducted into the American Theatre Hall of Fame.[24] In 1999, Albee received the PEN/Laura Pels Theater Award as a Master American Dramatist.[25] He received a Special Tony Award for Lifetime Achievement (2005);[26] the gold medal in Drama from the American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters (1980); as well as the Kennedy Center Honors and the National Medal of Arts (both in 1996).[27] In 2009, Albee received honorary degree from the Bulgarian National Academy of Theater and Film Arts (NATFA), a member of the Global Alliance of Theater Schools.[citation needed]

In 2008, in celebration of Albee's 80th birthday, a number of his plays were mounted in distinguished Off-Broadway venues, including the historic Cherry Lane Theatre where the playwright directed two of his early one-acts, The American Dream and The Sandbox.[28]

Philanthropy

Albee established the Edward F. Albee Foundation, Inc. in 1967, from royalties from his play Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?. The foundation funds the William Flanagan Memorial Creative Persons Center (named after the composer William Flanagan, but better known as "The Barn") in Montauk, New York, as a residence for writers and visual artists.[29] The foundation's mission is "to serve writers and visual artists from all walks of life, by providing time and space in which to work without disturbance."[30]

Personal life and death

Albee was gay and stated that he first knew he was gay at age 12 and a half.[31][32]

As a teen in Larchmont, Albee became a close friend of English-born Muir Weissinger, Jr., and his family. Albee, along with others, referred to Florence, Muir's mother, as "Mummy." For her part, Albee's mother felt he spent too much time at the Weissinger household. Albee dated Muir's sister, Delphine, and escorted her to her coming-out party. Albee and Delphine had a "long and intense relationship" while it lasted; Albee has said they were "unofficially engaged." Albee kept in touch for a long time with Florence and Muir Weissinger.[33]

Albee insisted that he did not want to be known as a "gay writer," saying in his acceptance speech for the 2011 Lambda Literary Foundation's Pioneer Award for Lifetime Achievement: "A writer who happens to be gay or lesbian must be able to transcend self. I am not a gay writer. I am a writer who happens to be gay."[34] His longtime partner, Jonathan Richard Thomas, a sculptor, died on May 2, 2005 from bladder cancer. They had been partners from 1971 until Thomas's death. Albee also had a relationship of several years with playwright Terrence McNally during the 1950s.[35]

Albee died at his home in Montauk, New York on September 16, 2016, aged 88.[35][26][36]

Albee lived in a 6,000-square-foot loft that was a former cheese warehouse in New York's Tribeca neighborhood. At the time of his death Albee held an expansive collection of fine art, utilitarian works and sculptures. Albee was especially interested in artworks created by indigenous cultures in Africa and Oceania. [37]

Awards and nominations

Awards
  • 1960: Drama Desk Award Vernon Rice Award: The Zoo Story
  • 1963: Tony Award for Best Play: Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?
  • 1967: Pulitzer Prize for Drama: A Delicate Balance[38]
  • 1975: Pulitzer Prize for Drama: Seascape[38]
  • 1994: Pulitzer Prize for Drama: Three Tall Women[38]
  • 1995: St. Louis Literary Award from the Saint Louis University Library Associates[39]
  • 1996: National Medal of Arts
  • 2002: Drama Desk Award Outstanding New Play: The Goat, or Who Is Sylvia?
  • 2002: Tony Award for Best Play: The Goat, or Who Is Sylvia?
  • 2003 Fitzgerald Award Award for Achievement in American Literature award which is given annually in Rockville Maryland, the city where Fitzgerald, his wife, and his daughter are buried.
  • 2005: Special Tony Award for Lifetime Achievement
  • 2005: Academy of Achievement's Golden Plate Award[40][41]
  • 2008: Drama Desk Award Special Award
  • 2011: Edward MacDowell Medal for Lifetime Achievement
  • 2011: Pioneer Award for Lifetime Achievement, Lambda Literary Foundation
  • 2013: Chicago Tribune Literary Prize[42]
  • 2015: America Award in Literature
Nominations
  • 1964: Tony Award for Best Play: The Ballad of the Sad Cafe
  • 1965: Tony Award for Best Author of a Play: Tiny Alice
  • 1965: Tony Award for Best Play: Tiny Alice
  • 1967: Tony Award for Best Play: A Delicate Balance
  • 1975: Drama Desk Award Outstanding New Play: Seascape
  • 1975: Tony Award for Best Play: Seascape
  • 1976: Drama Desk Award Outstanding Director of a Play: Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?
  • 1994: Drama Desk Award Outstanding Play: Three Tall Women
  • 2001: Pulitzer Prize for Drama: The Play About the Baby
  • 2003: Pulitzer Prize for Drama: The Goat, or Who Is Sylvia?
  • 2005: Tony Award for Best Revival of a Play: Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?

Works

Plays

Works written or adapted by Albee:[43]

Adaptations

Opera libretti

  • Bartleby (adapted from the short story by Herman Melville) (1961)
  • The Ice Age (1963, uncompleted)

Essays

  • Stretching My Mind: Essays 1960–2005 (Avalon Publishing, 2005). ISBN 9780786716210.

References

Edward Albee. Charlie Rose, 27 May 2008.

  1. ^ Norwich, John Julius (1990). Oxford Illustrated Encyclopedia Of The Arts. USA: Oxford University Press. pp. 10. ISBN 978-0198691372.
  2. ^ "Edward Albee | American author | Britannica". www.britannica.com.
  3. ^ a b Weber, Bruce (September 17, 2016). "Edward Albee, Trenchant Playwright for a Desperate Era, Dies at 88". The New York Times.
  4. ^ Thorpe, Vanessa (September 17, 2016). "Edward Albee, Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? playwright, dies aged 88". The Guardian. Retrieved September 17, 2016.
  5. ^ a b Markowitz, Dan (August 28, 1994). "Albee Mines His Larchmont Childhood". The New York Times. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
  6. ^ a b Simonson, Robert (September 16, 2016). "Edward Albee, Towering American Playwright, Dies at 88". Playbill. Retrieved September 17, 2016.
  7. ^ a b Boehm, Mike (September 16, 2016). "Edward Albee, three-time Pulitzer-winning playwright and 'Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?' author, dies at 88". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved September 17, 2016.
  8. ^ "Edward Albee Interview". Academy of Achievement. June 2, 2005. Retrieved May 21, 2012.
  9. ^ Edward Albee on Charlie Rose, May 27, 2008.
  10. ^ Kennedy, Mark (September 16, 2016). "Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? playwright Edward Albee dead at 88". Associated Press. Retrieved September 17, 2016.
  11. ^ a b c Griffin, Gabriele (2002). Who's Who IN LESBIAN & GAY WRITING. London: Routledge. pp. 2–3. ISBN 0-415-15984-9.
  12. ^ Reuben, Paul P. "Chapter 8: Edward Albee." Archived July 16, 2012, at archive.today, Perspectives in American Literature- A Research and Reference Guide, Retrieved June 28, 2007
  13. ^ "Plays Produced in the Provincetown Playhouse in 1960s Chronological". Provincetown Playhouse. Retrieved September 2, 2012.
  14. ^ Albee, Edward."The Death of Bessie Smith"The American Dream; The Death of Bessie Smith; Fam and Yam: Three Plays. Dramatists Play Service, Inc., 1962, ISBN 0-8222-0030-9, pp.46-48
  15. ^ "Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?", Playbill Vault. Retrieved December 15, 2015.
  16. ^ "US playwright Edward Albee dies aged 88". BBC News. September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 19, 2016.
  17. ^ Kihss, Peter (May 2, 1967). "Albee Wins Pulitzer Prize; Malamud Novel is Chosen". The New York Times. Retrieved September 19, 2016.
  18. ^ "Biography | Edward Albee Society".
  19. ^ "Library of Congress announces 2013 National Film Registry selections". The Washington Post (Press release). December 18, 2013. Retrieved December 18, 2013.
  20. ^ Roudané, Matthew (August 2017). Overview: The Theater of Edward Albee. Edward Albee: A Critical Introduction. Cambridge University Press. pp. 8–16. ISBN 9781139034845. Retrieved March 20, 2020.
  21. ^ "Edward Albee, Trenchant Playwright Who Laid Bare Modern Life, Dies at 88". The New York Times. September 17, 2016. Retrieved December 16, 2016.
  22. ^ "Dramatists Play Service". Dramatists.com. Retrieved May 21, 2012.
  23. ^ "Book of Members, 1780–2010: Chapter A" (PDF). American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Retrieved April 6, 2011.
  24. ^ "Broadway's Best". The New York Times. March 5, 1985.
  25. ^ "Winners of the PEN/Laura Pels International Foundation for Theater Awards | PEN America". PEN. April 29, 2016. Retrieved September 20, 2016.
  26. ^ a b Howard, Adam (September 16, 2016). "Pulitzer Prize-Winning Playwright Edward Albee Dead at 88". NBC News. Retrieved September 17, 2016.
  27. ^ "Who We Are". The Edward F. Albee Foundation. Retrieved September 20, 2016.
  28. ^ Brantley, Ben (April 2, 2008). "A Double Bill of Plays, Both Heavy on the Bile". The New York Times. Retrieved September 17, 2016.
  29. ^ Grundberg, Andy (July 3, 1988). "The Artists of Summer". The New York Times.
  30. ^ "Mission & History". The Edward F. Albee Foundation. Retrieved September 19, 2016.
  31. ^ Shulman, Randy (March 10, 2011). . Metro Weekly. Archived from the original on April 12, 2014.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  32. ^ Byrne, Chris (2006). "Edward Albee". In Gerstner, David A. (ed.). Routledge International Encyclopedia of Queer Culture (1 ed.). Routledge. p. 35. ISBN 9780415306515. Retrieved July 5, 2022.
  33. ^ Gussow, Mel. Edward Albee: A Singular Journey: A Biography. Simon & Schuster (August 18, 1999) ISBN 978-0684802787 p.44
  34. ^ "Playwright Edward Albee defends 'gay writer' remarks". National Public Radio. June 6, 2011.
  35. ^ a b Pressley, Nelson (September 16, 2016). "Edward Albee, Pulitzer-Winning Playwright of Modern Masterpieces, Dies at 88". The Washington Post. Retrieved September 17, 2016.
  36. ^ Jones, Chris (September 16, 2016). "Pulitzer Prize-winning playwright Edward Albee dies at age 88". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved September 17, 2016.
  37. ^ "Edward Albee Collection Unveiled by Sotheby's Ahead of September Auction".
  38. ^ a b c Hohenberg, John. "A snub of Edward Albee". The Pulitzer Prize. Retrieved February 24, 2020.
  39. ^ . Saint Louis University. Archived from the original on July 31, 2016. Retrieved July 25, 2016.
  40. ^ "Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement". www.achievement.org. American Academy of Achievement.
  41. ^ "Edward Albee Biography Photo". 2005. Toni Morrison, recipient of the Nobel Prize, and Edward Albee at a reception prior to the Banquet of the Golden Plate ceremonies during the 2005 International Achievement Summit in New York City.
  42. ^ Crowder, Courtney. "Edward Albee wins Tribune's top award for writing". chicagotribune.com. Retrieved February 24, 2020.
  43. ^ "Works". Edward Albee Society. Retrieved September 20, 2016.

Further reading

  • Solomon, Rakesh H. Albee in Performance. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2010.

External links

 
Wikiquote has quotations related to Edward Albee.
 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Edward Albee.

Archives

Other links

March 08, 2023
edward, albee, edward, franklin, albee, ɔː, march, 1928, september, 2016, american, playwright, known, works, such, story, 1958, sandbox, 1959, afraid, virginia, woolf, 1962, delicate, balance, 1966, three, tall, women, 1994, some, critics, have, argued, that,. Edward Franklin Albee III ˈ ɔː l b iː AWL bee March 12 1928 September 16 2016 was an American playwright known for works such as The Zoo Story 1958 The Sandbox 1959 Who s Afraid of Virginia Woolf 1962 A Delicate Balance 1966 and Three Tall Women 1994 Some critics have argued that some of his work constitutes an American variant of what Martin Esslin identified and named the Theater of the Absurd 1 Three of his plays won the Pulitzer Prize for Drama and two of his other works won the Tony Award for Best Play Edward AlbeeBornEdward Franklin Albee III 1928 03 12 March 12 1928Washington D C U S DiedSeptember 16 2016 2016 09 16 aged 88 Montauk New York U S OccupationDramatistPeriod1958 2016Notable worksWho s Afraid of Virginia Woolf The Zoo Story A Delicate Balance The Goat or Who Is Sylvia Three Tall WomenNotable awardsPulitzer Prize for Drama Tony Award for Best Play National Medal of Arts Special Tony Award America Award in LiteraturePartnerJonathan Thomas esp 1971 died 2005 His works are often considered frank examinations of the modern condition His early works reflect a mastery and Americanization of the Theatre of the Absurd that found its peak in works by European playwrights such as Samuel Beckett Eugene Ionesco and Jean Genet His middle period comprised plays that explored the psychology of maturing marriage and sexual relationships Younger American playwrights such as Paula Vogel credit Albee s mix of theatricality and biting dialogue with helping to reinvent postwar American theatre in the early 1960s Later in life Albee continued to experiment in works such as The Goat or Who Is Sylvia 2002 Contents 1 Early life 2 Career 3 Achievements and honors 4 Philanthropy 5 Personal life and death 6 Awards and nominations 7 Works 7 1 Plays 7 2 Adaptations 7 3 Opera libretti 7 4 Essays 8 References 9 Further reading 10 External links 10 1 Archives 10 2 Other linksEarly life Edit Edward Albee by Irish artist Reginald Gray The New York Times 1966 inspired by a photograph taken in 1962 from Bettmann Corbis Edward Albee was born in 1928 His biological father left his mother Louise Harvey and he was placed for adoption two weeks later and taken to Larchmont New York where he grew up 2 Albee s adoptive father Reed A Albee the wealthy son of vaudeville magnate Edward Franklin Albee II owned several theaters His adoptive mother Reed s second wife Frances Cotter was a socialite 3 4 He later based the main character of his 1991 play Three Tall Women on his mother with whom he had a conflicted relationship 5 Albee attended the Rye Country Day School then the Lawrenceville School in New Jersey from which he was expelled 3 He then was sent to Valley Forge Military Academy in Wayne Pennsylvania where he was dismissed in less than a year 6 He enrolled at The Choate School now Choate Rosemary Hall in Wallingford Connecticut 7 graduating in 1946 He had attracted theatre attention by having scripted and published nine poems eleven short stories essays a long act play Schism and a 500 page novel The Flesh of Unbelievers Horn 1 in 1946 His formal education continued at Trinity College in Hartford Connecticut where he was expelled in 1947 for skipping classes and refusing to attend compulsory chapel 7 Albee left home for good in his late teens In a later interview he said I never felt comfortable with the adoptive parents I don t think they knew how to be parents I probably didn t know how to be a son either 8 In a 1994 interview he said he left home at 18 because he had to get out of that stultifying suffocating environment 5 In 2008 he told interviewer Charlie Rose that he was thrown out because his parents wanted him to become a corporate thug and did not approve of his aspirations to be a writer 9 Career EditThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it September 2016 Edward Albee photographed by Carl Van Vechten 1961 Albee moved into New York s Greenwich Village 6 where he supported himself with odd jobs while learning to write plays 10 Primarily in his early plays Albee s work had various representations of the LGBTQIA community often challenging the image of a heterosexual marriage 11 Despite challenging society s views about the gay community he did not view himself as an LGBT advocate 11 Albee s work typically criticized the American Dream 11 His first play The Zoo Story written in three weeks 12 was first staged in Berlin in 1959 before premiering Off Broadway in 1960 13 His next The Death of Bessie Smith similarly premiered in Berlin before arriving in New York 14 Albee s most iconic play Who s Afraid of Virginia Woolf opened on Broadway at the Billy Rose Theatre on October 13 1962 and closed on May 16 1964 after five previews and 664 performances 15 The controversial play won the Tony Award for Best Play in 1963 and was selected for the 1963 Pulitzer Prize by the award s drama jury but the selection was overruled by the advisory committee which elected not to give a drama award at all 16 The two members of the jury John Mason Brown and John Gassner subsequently resigned in protest 17 An Academy Award winning film adaptation by Ernest Lehman was released in 1966 starring Elizabeth Taylor Richard Burton George Segal and Sandy Dennis and was directed by Mike Nichols 18 In 2013 the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as culturally historically or aesthetically significant 19 Georgia State University English professor Matthew Roudane divides Albee s plays into three periods the Early Plays 1959 1966 characterized by gladiatorial confrontations bloodied action and fight to the metaphorical death the Middle Plays 1971 1987 when Albee lost favor of Broadway audience and started premiering in the U S regional theaters and in Europe and the Later plays 1991 2016 received as a remarkable comeback and watched by appreciative audiences and critics the world over 20 According to The New York Times Albee was widely considered to be the foremost American playwright of his generation 21 The less than diligent student later dedicated much of his time to promoting American university theatre He served as a distinguished professor at the University of Houston where he taught playwriting His plays are published by Dramatists Play Service 22 and Samuel French Inc Achievements and honors Edit Albee in 1997 A member of the Dramatists Guild Council Albee received three Pulitzer Prizes for drama for A Delicate Balance 1967 Seascape 1975 and Three Tall Women 1994 Albee was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1972 23 In 1985 Albee was inducted into the American Theatre Hall of Fame 24 In 1999 Albee received the PEN Laura Pels Theater Award as a Master American Dramatist 25 He received a Special Tony Award for Lifetime Achievement 2005 26 the gold medal in Drama from the American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters 1980 as well as the Kennedy Center Honors and the National Medal of Arts both in 1996 27 In 2009 Albee received honorary degree from the Bulgarian National Academy of Theater and Film Arts NATFA a member of the Global Alliance of Theater Schools citation needed In 2008 in celebration of Albee s 80th birthday a number of his plays were mounted in distinguished Off Broadway venues including the historic Cherry Lane Theatre where the playwright directed two of his early one acts The American Dream and The Sandbox 28 Philanthropy EditAlbee established the Edward F Albee Foundation Inc in 1967 from royalties from his play Who s Afraid of Virginia Woolf The foundation funds the William Flanagan Memorial Creative Persons Center named after the composer William Flanagan but better known as The Barn in Montauk New York as a residence for writers and visual artists 29 The foundation s mission is to serve writers and visual artists from all walks of life by providing time and space in which to work without disturbance 30 Personal life and death EditAlbee was gay and stated that he first knew he was gay at age 12 and a half 31 32 As a teen in Larchmont Albee became a close friend of English born Muir Weissinger Jr and his family Albee along with others referred to Florence Muir s mother as Mummy For her part Albee s mother felt he spent too much time at the Weissinger household Albee dated Muir s sister Delphine and escorted her to her coming out party Albee and Delphine had a long and intense relationship while it lasted Albee has said they were unofficially engaged Albee kept in touch for a long time with Florence and Muir Weissinger 33 Albee insisted that he did not want to be known as a gay writer saying in his acceptance speech for the 2011 Lambda Literary Foundation s Pioneer Award for Lifetime Achievement A writer who happens to be gay or lesbian must be able to transcend self I am not a gay writer I am a writer who happens to be gay 34 His longtime partner Jonathan Richard Thomas a sculptor died on May 2 2005 from bladder cancer They had been partners from 1971 until Thomas s death Albee also had a relationship of several years with playwright Terrence McNally during the 1950s 35 Albee died at his home in Montauk New York on September 16 2016 aged 88 35 26 36 Albee lived in a 6 000 square foot loft that was a former cheese warehouse in New York s Tribeca neighborhood At the time of his death Albee held an expansive collection of fine art utilitarian works and sculptures Albee was especially interested in artworks created by indigenous cultures in Africa and Oceania 37 Awards and nominations EditThis section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Edward Albee news newspapers books scholar JSTOR September 2016 Learn how and when to remove this template message Awards1960 Drama Desk Award Vernon Rice Award The Zoo Story 1963 Tony Award for Best Play Who s Afraid of Virginia Woolf 1967 Pulitzer Prize for Drama A Delicate Balance 38 1975 Pulitzer Prize for Drama Seascape 38 1994 Pulitzer Prize for Drama Three Tall Women 38 1995 St Louis Literary Award from the Saint Louis University Library Associates 39 1996 National Medal of Arts 2002 Drama Desk Award Outstanding New Play The Goat or Who Is Sylvia 2002 Tony Award for Best Play The Goat or Who Is Sylvia 2003 Fitzgerald Award Award for Achievement in American Literature award which is given annually in Rockville Maryland the city where Fitzgerald his wife and his daughter are buried 2005 Special Tony Award for Lifetime Achievement 2005 Academy of Achievement s Golden Plate Award 40 41 2008 Drama Desk Award Special Award 2011 Edward MacDowell Medal for Lifetime Achievement 2011 Pioneer Award for Lifetime Achievement Lambda Literary Foundation 2013 Chicago Tribune Literary Prize 42 2015 America Award in LiteratureNominations1964 Tony Award for Best Play The Ballad of the Sad Cafe 1965 Tony Award for Best Author of a Play Tiny Alice 1965 Tony Award for Best Play Tiny Alice 1967 Tony Award for Best Play A Delicate Balance 1975 Drama Desk Award Outstanding New Play Seascape 1975 Tony Award for Best Play Seascape 1976 Drama Desk Award Outstanding Director of a Play Who s Afraid of Virginia Woolf 1994 Drama Desk Award Outstanding Play Three Tall Women 2001 Pulitzer Prize for Drama The Play About the Baby 2003 Pulitzer Prize for Drama The Goat or Who Is Sylvia 2005 Tony Award for Best Revival of a Play Who s Afraid of Virginia Woolf Works EditPlays Edit Works written or adapted by Albee 43 The Zoo Story 1959 The Death of Bessie Smith 1960 The Sandbox 1960 Fam and Yam 1960 The American Dream 1961 Who s Afraid of Virginia Woolf 1962 Tiny Alice 1964 A Delicate Balance 1966 Box and Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse Tung 1968 All Over 1971 Seascape 1975 Listening 1976 Counting the Ways 1976 The Lady from Dubuque 1980 The Man Who Had Three Arms 1982 Finding the Sun 1983 Walking 1984 Envy 1985 Marriage Play 1987 Three Tall Women 1991 The Lorca Play 1992 Fragments 1993 The Play About the Baby 1998 The Goat or Who Is Sylvia 2000 Occupant 2001 Knock Knock Who s There 2003 Me Myself and I 2007 At Home at the Zoo 2009 Adaptations Edit The Ballad of the Sad Cafe 1963 adapted from the novella by Carson McCullers Malcolm 1966 adapted from the novel by James Purdy Breakfast at Tiffany s adapted from the novel by Truman Capote 1966 Everything in the Garden adapted from the play by Giles Cooper 1967 Lolita adapted from the novel by Vladimir Nabokov 1981 Opera libretti Edit Bartleby adapted from the short story by Herman Melville 1961 The Ice Age 1963 uncompleted Essays Edit Stretching My Mind Essays 1960 2005 Avalon Publishing 2005 ISBN 9780786716210 References EditEdward Albee Charlie Rose 27 May 2008 Norwich John Julius 1990 Oxford Illustrated Encyclopedia Of The Arts USA Oxford University Press pp 10 ISBN 978 0198691372 Edward Albee American author Britannica www britannica com a b Weber Bruce September 17 2016 Edward Albee Trenchant Playwright for a Desperate Era Dies at 88 The New York Times Thorpe Vanessa September 17 2016 Edward Albee Who s Afraid of Virginia Woolf playwright dies aged 88 The Guardian Retrieved September 17 2016 a b Markowitz Dan August 28 1994 Albee Mines His Larchmont Childhood The New York Times Retrieved March 8 2017 a b Simonson Robert September 16 2016 Edward Albee Towering American Playwright Dies at 88 Playbill Retrieved September 17 2016 a b Boehm Mike September 16 2016 Edward Albee three time Pulitzer winning playwright and Who s Afraid of Virginia Woolf author dies at 88 Los Angeles Times Retrieved September 17 2016 Edward Albee Interview Academy of Achievement June 2 2005 Retrieved May 21 2012 Edward Albee on Charlie Rose May 27 2008 Kennedy Mark September 16 2016 Who s Afraid of Virginia Woolf playwright Edward Albee dead at 88 Associated Press Retrieved September 17 2016 a b c Griffin Gabriele 2002 Who s Who IN LESBIAN amp GAY WRITING London Routledge pp 2 3 ISBN 0 415 15984 9 Reuben Paul P Chapter 8 Edward Albee Archived July 16 2012 at archive today Perspectives in American Literature A Research and Reference Guide Retrieved June 28 2007 Plays Produced in the Provincetown Playhouse in 1960s Chronological Provincetown Playhouse Retrieved September 2 2012 Albee Edward The Death of Bessie Smith The American Dream The Death of Bessie Smith Fam and Yam Three Plays Dramatists Play Service Inc 1962 ISBN 0 8222 0030 9 pp 46 48 Who s Afraid of Virginia Woolf Playbill Vault Retrieved December 15 2015 US playwright Edward Albee dies aged 88 BBC News September 17 2016 Retrieved September 19 2016 Kihss Peter May 2 1967 Albee Wins Pulitzer Prize Malamud Novel is Chosen The New York Times Retrieved September 19 2016 Biography Edward Albee Society Library of Congress announces 2013 National Film Registry selections The Washington Post Press release December 18 2013 Retrieved December 18 2013 Roudane Matthew August 2017 Overview The Theater of Edward Albee Edward Albee A Critical Introduction Cambridge University Press pp 8 16 ISBN 9781139034845 Retrieved March 20 2020 Edward Albee Trenchant Playwright Who Laid Bare Modern Life Dies at 88 The New York Times September 17 2016 Retrieved December 16 2016 Dramatists Play Service Dramatists com Retrieved May 21 2012 Book of Members 1780 2010 Chapter A PDF American Academy of Arts and Sciences Retrieved April 6 2011 Broadway s Best The New York Times March 5 1985 Winners of the PEN Laura Pels International Foundation for Theater Awards PEN America PEN April 29 2016 Retrieved September 20 2016 a b Howard Adam September 16 2016 Pulitzer Prize Winning Playwright Edward Albee Dead at 88 NBC News Retrieved September 17 2016 Who We Are The Edward F Albee Foundation Retrieved September 20 2016 Brantley Ben April 2 2008 A Double Bill of Plays Both Heavy on the Bile The New York Times Retrieved September 17 2016 Grundberg Andy July 3 1988 The Artists of Summer The New York Times Mission amp History The Edward F Albee Foundation Retrieved September 19 2016 Shulman Randy March 10 2011 Who s Afraid of Edward Albee Metro Weekly Archived from the original on April 12 2014 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a CS1 maint unfit URL link Byrne Chris 2006 Edward Albee In Gerstner David A ed Routledge International Encyclopedia of Queer Culture 1 ed Routledge p 35 ISBN 9780415306515 Retrieved July 5 2022 Gussow Mel Edward Albee A Singular Journey A Biography Simon amp Schuster August 18 1999 ISBN 978 0684802787 p 44 Playwright Edward Albee defends gay writer remarks National Public Radio June 6 2011 a b Pressley Nelson September 16 2016 Edward Albee Pulitzer Winning Playwright of Modern Masterpieces Dies at 88 The Washington Post Retrieved September 17 2016 Jones Chris September 16 2016 Pulitzer Prize winning playwright Edward Albee dies at age 88 Chicago Tribune Retrieved September 17 2016 Edward Albee Collection Unveiled by Sotheby s Ahead of September Auction a b c Hohenberg John A snub of Edward Albee The Pulitzer Prize Retrieved February 24 2020 Recipients of the Saint Louis Literary Award Saint Louis University Archived from the original on July 31 2016 Retrieved July 25 2016 Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement www achievement org American Academy of Achievement Edward Albee Biography Photo 2005 Toni Morrison recipient of the Nobel Prize and Edward Albee at a reception prior to the Banquet of the Golden Plate ceremonies during the 2005 International Achievement Summit in New York City Crowder Courtney Edward Albee wins Tribune s top award for writing chicagotribune com Retrieved February 24 2020 Works Edward Albee Society Retrieved September 20 2016 Further reading EditSolomon Rakesh H Albee in Performance Bloomington Indiana University Press 2010 External links Edit Wikiquote has quotations related to Edward Albee Wikimedia Commons has media related to Edward Albee Literature portal Theatre portal Biography portalArchives Edit Edward Albee scripts 1949 1966 New York Public Library for the Performing Arts Edward Albee Plays Archived July 30 2020 at the Wayback Machine at the Newberry Library Robert A Wilson collection Special Collections University of Delaware LibraryOther links Edit Edward F Albee Foundation The Edward Albee Society Edward Albee at IMDb Edward Albee at AllMovie Edward Albee at the Internet Broadway Database Edward Albee at the Internet Off Broadway Database Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Edward Albee amp oldid 1138442048, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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