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Gangnam Style

January 16, 2023

For the music video, see Gangnam Style (music video).

"Gangnam Style" (Korean: 강남스타일, IPA: [kaŋ.nam sɯ.tʰa.il]) is a K-pop song by South Korean rapper Psy, released on July 15, 2012, by YG Entertainment as the lead single of his sixth studio album, Psy 6 (Six Rules), Part 1 (Ssai Yukgap Part 1). The term "Gangnam Style" is a Korean neologism that refers to a lifestyle associated with the Gangnam District of Seoul.

"Gangnam Style"
Single by Psy
from the EP Psy 6 (Six Rules), Part 1
ReleasedJuly 15, 2012 (2012-07-15)
Recorded2011–2012
Genre
Length3:39
Label
Songwriter(s)
Producer(s)
Psy singles chronology
"Korea"
(2012) 		"Gangnam Style"
(2012) 		"Gentleman"
(2013)
Psy 6 (Six Rules), Part 1 Disc artwork
Audio sample
"Gangnam Style"
Music video
"Gangnam Style" on YouTube
"Gangnam Style"
Hangul
강남스타일
Hanja
江南스타일
Revised RomanizationGangnam seutail
McCune–ReischauerKangnam sŭt'ail

"Gangnam Style" debuted at number one on South Korea's Gaon Chart, receiving mixed to positive reviews, with praise for its catchy beat and Psy's amusing dancing and during live performances in various locations around the world in its music video.

The song and its music video went viral in August 2012 and have influenced popular culture worldwide. In the United States, "Gangnam Style" peaked at number two on Billboard Hot 100. By the end of 2012, "Gangnam Style" had topped the music charts of more than 30 countries including Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Russia, Spain, and the United Kingdom. Psy's dance in the music video itself became a cultural phenomenon.

In September 2012, "Gangnam Style" was recognized by Guinness World Records as the first YouTube video to hit 1 billion views. It subsequently won Best Video at the MTV Europe Music Awards held that year. It became a source of parodies and reaction videos by many different individuals, groups, and organizations. On December 21, 2012, "Gangnam Style" became the first YouTube video to reach 1 billion views.[7] As of July 15, 2022, the song's music video has more than 4.48 billion views,[8] and was the most viewed video on YouTube from November 24, 2012, when it surpassed the music video for "Baby" by Justin Bieber featuring Ludacris,[9] to July 10, 2017, when it was itself surpassed by the music video for "See You Again" by Wiz Khalifa featuring Charlie Puth.[10]

Its dance was attempted by political leaders such as British Prime Minister David Cameron and United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, who hailed it as a force for world peace.[11] On May 7, 2013, at a bilateral meeting with South Korea's President Park Geun-hye at the White House, US President Barack Obama cited the success of "Gangnam Style" as an example of how people around the world are being "swept up" by the Korean wave of culture.[12]

Background and release

 
The district of Gangnam in Seoul

"Gangnam Style" is a South Korean neologism that refers to a lifestyle associated with the Gangnam District[13] of Seoul,[14] where people are trendy, hip, and exude a certain supposed class. The term was listed in Time's weekly vocabulary list as a manner associated with lavish lifestyles in Seoul's Gangnam district.[15] Psy likened the Gangnam District to Beverly Hills, California, and said in an interview that he intended in a twisted sense of humor by claiming himself to be "Gangnam Style" when everything about the song, dance, looks, and the music video is far from being such a high class:[16]

People who are actually from Gangnam never proclaim that they are—it's only the posers and wannabes that put on these airs and say that they are "Gangnam Style"—so this song is actually poking fun at those kinds of people who are trying very hard to be something that they're not.[17]

The song talks about "the perfect girlfriend who knows when to be refined and when to get wild."[18] The song's refrain "오빤 강남 스타일 (Oppan Gangnam style)" has been translated as "Big brother is Gangnam style," with Psy referring to himself.[19][20] During an interview with The New York Times, Psy revealed that South Korean fans have huge expectations about his dancing, so he felt a lot of pressure. In order to keep up with expectations, he studied hard to find something new and stayed up late for about 30 nights to come up with the "Gangnam Style" dance.[21] Along the way, he had tested various "cheesy" animal-inspired dance moves with his choreographer Lee Ju-sun,[22] including panda and kangaroo moves,[23] before settling for the horse trot, which involves pretending to ride a horse, alternately holding the reins and spinning a lasso, and moving into a legs-shuffling side gallop.[24]

During an interview with Reuters, Psy said that "Gangnam Style" was originally produced only for local K-pop fans.[25] On July 11, 2012, Psy and his music label YG Entertainment started releasing several promotional teasers for "Gangnam Style" to their subscribers on YouTube.[26][27][28] On July 15, 2012, the full music video of "Gangnam Style" was uploaded onto YouTube and was immediately a sensation, receiving about 500,000 views on its first day.[29] However, at the time of its release in Germany, a dispute between YouTube and the GEMA (the country's performance rights organization) regarding copyright issues led to thousands of music videos including "Gangnam Style"[30] being blocked in the country.[31] The music video, along with other music videos from GEMA-protected artists released on YouTube were unblocked in Germany on October 31, 2016, after YouTube reached an agreement with GEMA on copyrights and royalties.[32]

 
Search volume for K-pop since 2008 according to Google Trends

According to the news agency Agence France-Presse, the success of "Gangnam Style" could be considered as part of the Korean wave,[33] a term coined by Chinese journalists to refer to the significant increase in the popularity of South Korean entertainment and culture since the late 1990s.[34]

Korean popular music (K-pop), considered by some to be the most important aspect of the Korean wave,[35] is a music genre that relies on cultural technology to adapt to the tastes of foreign audiences and has now grown into a popular subculture among teenagers and young adults in many places around the world.[36] Although it has spread to the Middle East, Eastern Europe, and parts of South America,[37] its reception in the Western world has so far been lukewarm.[38] However, social media networks such as YouTube, Facebook, and Twitter have made it easier for K-pop musicians to reach a wider audience in the West.[39] According to Mark James Russell from Foreign Policy, while the Korean wave "may not (yet) turn heads in Los Angeles or London," this could soon change because of "Gangnam Style,"[37]

Reception

 
Horse dance

The song has received mixed to positive ratings from music critics. Music journalist Bill Lamb from About.com praised the song for "spreading smiles and pure fun around the world in record time." He then writes, "take one part LMFAO's synth-based party music, another part Ricky Martin's Latin dance party and the rest a powerfully charismatic South Korean showman and you have the first worldwide K-Pop smash hit." Billboard K-Town columnist Jeff Benjamin became one of the first music critics to review the song when he published an article and reported that "Gangnam Style" has gone viral on the Internet. In his article, Benjamin introduced the reader to a couple of popular K-pop songs and wrote that "‘Gangnam Style’ in particular, plays all the right moves sonically while "borrowing from LMFAO along the way."[14]

Hallie Sekoff of The Huffington Post quoted from the video's official YouTube video description that the song is characterized by its "strongly addictive beats," and wrote that this is not too far-fetched, considering "how obsessed we've found ourselves."[40] London's mayor Boris Johnson considered the song to be the greatest cultural masterpiece of 2012.[41]

Despite its popularity, a few music critics including Robert Copsey from Digital Spy criticized the song for being monotonous. Cospey wrote that "you could slap an LMFAO tag on the cover and few would know the difference"[42] and Paul Lester of The Guardian similarly labeled it as "generic ravey Euro dance with guitars." Lester described the song as "Pump Up the Jam meets the Macarena with a dash of Cotton Eye Joe,"[43] while Robert Myers of The Village Voice dismissed "Gangnam Style" as an "inspired piece of silliness."[44]

 
Dancers performing "Gangnam Style" at the Gimje Horizon Festival

Cha Woo-jin, a South Korean music critic, told The Chosun Ilbo that "Gangnam Style"'s sophisticated rendering and arrangement has made it very appealing to the general public.[45] Choe Kwang-shik, the South Korean Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism, told reporters that "Gangnam Style" had played an important role in introducing the Korean culture, language, and lifestyle to the rest of the world.[46] However, some have criticized the song for failing to accurately represent South Korean culture. Oh Young-Jin, managing editor of The Korea Times, wrote that the dance has more to do with Americans than Koreans.[47]

In Japan, the song was met with considerable criticism. When "Gangnam Style" first appeared in Japanese TV shows in July, the reaction from viewers was negative. As a result, Psy's Japanese record label YGEX canceled a previously planned Japanese language re-release of "Gangnam Style."[48] According to The Dong-a Ilbo, a South Korean newspaper, the song's lukewarm reception in Japan could have been caused by a diplomatic conflict between the two countries[49] and the newspaper accused the Japanese media of keeping its people "in the dark."[49] However, Jun Takaku of the Japanese daily newspaper Asahi Shimbun explained that "Gangnam Style" had caused "barely a ripple in Japan" because Psy does not conform to the image of other "traditionally polished" K-pop acts popular in Japan such as Girls' Generation and TVXQ.[50] Erica Ho from Time magazine similarly noted that despite the K-pop musical genre being very popular in Japan, the country seemed to be "immune to PSY Mania" and she advised her readers who dislike the song to "pack your bags for Japan."[51]

Immediately after its release, "Gangnam Style" was mentioned by various English-language websites providing coverage of Korean pop culture for international fans, including Allkpop[52] and Soompi.[53] Simon and Martina Stawski, a Canadian couple living in Seoul who were among the first to parody "Gangnam Style" in late July, wrote that the song has the potential to become "one of the biggest songs of the year."[54] However, during an interview with Al Jazeera a few weeks later, Martina Stawski claimed that the worldwide popularity of "Gangnam Style" has been viewed negatively by some K-pop fans, because "they [the fans] didn't want K-pop being liked by other people who don't understand K-Pop."[55][56]

Music video

The music video of "Gangnam Style" has been met with positive responses from the music industry and commentators, who drew attention to its tone and dance moves, though some found them vulgar.[57] Another notable aspect that helped popularise the video was its comical dance moves that can be easily copied, such as the pelvic thrust during the elevator scene.[58] The United Nations hailed Psy as an "international sensation" because of the popularity of his "satirical" video clip and its "horse-riding-like dance moves."[59] As such, the music video has spawned a dance craze unseen since the Macarena of the mid-1990s.[60][61]

The World Bank's lead economist David McKenzie remarked that some of Psy's dance moves "kind of look like a regression discontinuity,"[62] while the space agency NASA called "Gangnam Style" a dance-filled music video that has forever entered the hearts and minds of millions of people.[63] Melissa Locker of Time noted that "it's hard not to watch again ... and again ... and again,"[64] while CNN reporter Shanon Cook told the audience that she had watched "Gangnam Style" about 15 times.[65]

The German news magazine Der Spiegel attributed the popularity of "Gangnam Style" to its daring dance moves,[66] a sentiment similarly voiced by Maura Judkis of The Washington Post, who wrote, "'Gangnam Style' has made an extraordinarily stupid-looking dance move suddenly cool."[67] The video was also positively reviewed by Steve Knopper from Rolling Stone, who called "Gangnam Style" an astoundingly great K-pop video that has all the best elements of hypnotically weird one-hit wonders and hopes that "PSY gets filthy rich from this."[68]

Mesfin Fekadu of the Associated Press wrote that Psy's dance moves are "somewhat bizarre" but the music video is full of colorful, lively outfits.[69] Matt Buchanan and Scott Ellis of The Sydney Morning Herald wrote that the video "makes no sense at all to most Western eyes" and it "makes you wonder if you have accidentally taken someone else's medication"[70] whereas Deborah Netburn of the Los Angeles Times called it "one of the greatest videos ever to be uploaded to YouTube." Kim Alessi from Common Sense Media considered the music video for "Gangnam Style" worth seeing for its caricature of contemporary Asian and American urban lifestyles, but also warned that "Gangnam Style" contains sexually suggestive images and "degrading messages" which could be inappropriate for children and teenagers.[71]

Music video

Main article: Gangnam Style (music video)
 
Psy with the Gangnam Style logo

The video starts out with Psy, who is lounging at what looks like a sandy beach, under a sun umbrella and holding a cold drink, but the camera zooms out to reveal he is actually at a playground.[72] The video then alternates between the playground, where a boy (Hwang Min-woo) dances next to him; and a row of horses, who are in stalls, where Psy performs his signature "invisible horse dance."[73] As Psy (and two women) walk through a parking garage, they are pelted by pieces of newspaper, trash, and snow.[74] At a sauna, he rests his head on a man's shoulder, dressed in blue, while another man covered in tattoos is stretching. He then sings in front of two men (then labelmates under YG Entertainment, BIG BANG's Daesung and Seungri, dressed as older men) playing Janggi (Korean chess), dances with a woman at a tennis court, and bounces around on a tour bus of seniors. The scenes alternate quickly until there is an explosion near the chess players, causing them to dive off the bench. Psy immediately walks toward the camera, pointing and shouting "Oppa Gangnam Style." The chorus starts as he and some dancers perform at a horse stable. He dances as two women walk backwards. He dances at the tennis court, a carousel, and the tour bus. He shuffles into an outdoor yoga session and on a boat. The camera zooms in on a woman's butt, then shows Psy "yelling" at it.[74][75]

The chorus ends and he is seen in a parking garage, where Psy is approached by a man (Yoo Jae-suk) in a yellow suit who steps out of a red Mercedes-Benz SLK 200; they have a dance duel. Psy then appears in an elevator underneath a man (Noh Hong-Chul) who is straddling him and thrusting his pelvis. The man in the yellow suit then gets in his car and leaves. The camera pans and it shows Psy in the subway station, where he boards the train and notices Hyuna (who would have her own version of the song) dancing. At one of the train stops, he approaches the girl in slow motion, and she approaches him. They start to embrace. He then tells the girl "Oppa Gangnam Style," and they horse dance along with some other dancers at the train stop, commencing the second chorus. He also surfaces from a spa hot tub.[74] In the Rolling Stone interview, Psy says he copied the spa surfacing scene from Lady Gaga's video ("Poker Face").[75]

Psy sings to the girl at a night club as people in various costumes walk behind them. He raps in a serious tone in an enclosed space, but when he says "You know what I'm saying" the camera zooms out, and it is revealed that he is actually sitting on a toilet with his pants down.[74] Psy, the girl and the group of people in costumes do the horse dance and strike a final pose. After a brief reprise of the dance duel, Psy says, "Oppan Gangnam style", and the video finishes with a cartoon graphic.

Production

The music video is directed by Cho Soo-hyun, who also directed the MV for Psy's follow-up single "Gentleman" and the MV for "This Love" by Shinhwa.[76] It shows Psy performing a comical horse-riding dance and appearing in unexpected locations around the Gangnam District, such as an outdoor yoga session and a hot tub. He wears several distinctive suits and black sunglasses with a mindset of "dress classy and dance cheesy."[77] It features a "skewering [of] the Gangnam image" by the "non-Gangnam Psy"; this parody would be recognizable to viewers familiar with Korean culture.[78][79] Although there are more than ten different locations featured, only two of the scenes are actually filmed in the Gangnam district. The sauna scene, elevator scene, and bathroom scene were filmed elsewhere in the greater Seoul region,[80] and some shots were filmed in World Trade Center Seoul and the Songdo International Business District, which includes Songdo Central Park and International Business District Station.[81] The video was shot over 48 hours in July 2012.[74][75]

In K-pop, it is routine to have cameos by celebrities in a music video, such as in the dance scenes in the elevator and the parking garage.[72] The guests in the music video include:

  • 4Minute member Hyuna, who dances in the subway car and attracts Psy's attention.[75][79]
  • BIG BANG's Daesung and Seungri, who are dressed as older men playing Janggi on a bench behind Psy.
  • Hwang Min-woo, a 7-year-old boy who dances at the beginning of the video. During an interview with CNN, Psy stated that "the night before the music video shoot, I was watching Korea's Got Talent and saw him dance to Michael Jackson. His moves were ridiculous. So we called him up and asked him to be in the music video, which was shooting the very next day, and he came and it all worked out."[17][75] He has been praised for his eye-catching dance moves that have received a lot of attention from viewers.[82][83]
  • Comedian/television personality Korea's Nation emcee Yoo Jae-suk, who engages in a dance duel with Psy.[75][79]
  • Comedian/television personality Noh Hongchul, who does his trademark pelvis-thrusting dance in an elevator while Psy raps underneath him.[75][79]

Viral spread

Following its July 15 release, "Gangnam Style" overtook Carly Rae Jepsen's "Call Me Maybe" to reach the number one position on the YouTube Top 100 Music Videos during the week of August 28, 2012.[13][96] On September 1, 2012, it overtook Girls' Generation's "Gee" to become the most viewed K-pop video on YouTube.[97] Although "Call Me Maybe" had unusually strong staying power, averaging over 1.5 million views each day, "Gangnam Style" increased to an average of over nine million views per day within just two months. This was mainly because "Call Me Maybe" remained largely a North American trend, whereas the popularity of "Gangnam Style" was not confined to the United States.[98] 61.6 percent of viewers were male, and those aged between 13 and 17 represented the biggest group.[99]

According to The Wall Street Journal, T-Pain was among the first to have "sent [the video] to the stratosphere" when he tweeted about it on July 29, 2012.[85][100] It was then picked up by Neetzan Zimmerman from the social blog Gawker, who asked "Did this underground Hip Hop artist from South Korea just release the Best Music Video of the Year?"[91] on July 30. This was soon followed by Robbie Williams,[87] Britney Spears,[101] Katy Perry,[43] Tom Cruise,[102] Joseph Gordon-Levitt,[103] and William Gibson,[104] who either commented about or shared the video with their fans via Twitter.

The earliest video to catch the attention of media networks outside South Korea was "Psy Gangnam Style MV Reaction," which was uploaded by Katie and Mindy Anderson on July 18, 2012. The Andersons were subsequently interviewed by Evan Ramstad from The Wall Street Journal a few weeks later.[84] In his article published on August 6, 2012, Ramstad also included "Kpop Music Mondays : PSY Gangnam Style," a review and parody of "Gangnam Style" uploaded on July 23 by K-pop video bloggers Simon and Martina Stawski, a Canadian couple living in Seoul. This makes the Stawskis' video the earliest parody featured in an American newspaper.[85] On August 8, 2012, Ramstad appeared on WSJ Live, and he mentioned the Andersons and the Stawskis again, before claiming that "a lot of Koreans are also making their own parodies of 'Gangnam Style.'"[105]

On September 3, 2012, the number of daily views generated by "Gangnam Style" went past the 5-million mark.[106] By the end of September, it had topped the iTunes charts in 31 countries.[107]

"Gangnam Style" reached the unprecedented milestone of 1 billion YouTube views on December 21, 2012. YouTube specially marked the video's accomplishments with a cartoon dancing Psy animated icon, added first by the site logo,[108] and later next to the video's view counter when it exceeded 1 billion views.[109] On April 6, 2013, the video on YouTube reached 1.5 billion views.[110] On July 5, 2013, the view counter updated with 1,710,619,528 views, which was 15 million higher than same time the previous day. This increased the average number of views per day from 4,787,807 to 4,818,647 (views divided by the number of days since release).

As of March 2022, the video is the eleventh most viewed video on YouTube,[111] having reached 4.4 billion views.[112]

Cultural impact

Main article: Gangnam Style in popular culture
 
Clayton Anderson, flight engineer of the International Space Station's 15th expedition dances "Gangnam Style" in a parody uploaded by the space agency NASA

After the release of "Gangnam Style," the American talent manager Scooter Braun, who discovered Justin Bieber on YouTube, asked on Twitter "How did I not sign this guy [Psy]?"[113] Soon afterward, it was reported that Psy had left for Los Angeles to meet with representatives of Justin Bieber, to explore collaboration opportunities.[13] On September 3, 2012, Braun made a public announcement that was later uploaded onto YouTube, saying that he and Psy have decided to "make some history together. [To] be the first Korean artist to break a big record in the United States." On September 4, it was confirmed that Psy was signed to Braun's School Boy Records.[114]

The music video for the song has gone viral and is an Internet meme.[115] Although Psy attributed the song's popularity to YouTube and his fans while at the same time insisted that he is not responsible for the song's success,[116] the South Korean Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism recognized the singer for "increasing the world's interest in Korea" and announced its decision to award Psy with a 4th Class Order of Cultural Merit.[117]

The phrase "Oppan Gangnam Style" was entered into The Yale Book of Quotations as one of the most famous quotes of 2012.[118]

Social

As the song's popularity continued to rise, it caused the share price of the song's music label YG Entertainment to gain as much as 50% on the Korea Exchange. DI Corporation, whose executive chairman Park Won-ho is Psy's father, saw its share price increase by 568.8% within a few months of the song's release despite making a year-over-year loss.[119][120] Soon, "Gangnam Style" began to attract the attention of several business and political leaders, including UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon who recognized the song as a "force for world peace."[11] During his meeting with Psy at the United Nations Headquarters, he commented, "We have tough negotiations in the United Nations. In such a case I was also thinking of playing Gangnam Style-dance so that everybody would stop and dance. Maybe you can bring UN style."[121][122]

UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon performs "Gangnam Style" with Psy

Through social networks like Facebook, many small, unofficial fan-organized flash mobs have been held in universities and colleges throughout the world. The earliest flash mobs were held in Pasadena, California,[123] and Sydney, Australia.[124] On September 12, 2012, Times Square in Manhattan was filled with a dance mob dancing to the music of "Gangnam Style" during ABC's Good Morning America.[125] Major flash mobs (those with more than 1,000 participants) were also held in Seoul (South Korea),[126] South Sulawesi (Indonesia),[127] Palermo (Italy), Milan (Italy),[128][129] and Paris (France).[130]

Top 5 "Gangnam Style" dance mobs with most participants
Date Location Country Participants
October 6, 2012 Seoul South Korea 15,000[126]
October 14, 2012 Makassar, South Sulawesi Indonesia 12,000[127]
October 21, 2012 Piazza del Duomo, Milan Italy 20,000[129]
November 5, 2012 Jardins du Trocadéro, Paris France 20,000[130]
November 10, 2012 Piazza del Popolo, Rome Italy 15,000[131]

The song has been mentioned in tweets by the United Nations,[132] the United Nations Children's Fund,[133] and the American space agency NASA;[134] by a reporter during a U.S. State Department briefing;[135] and referenced by the president of the International Criminal Court Song Sang-Hyun during his speech in front of the UN Security Council.[136][137][138] On October 9, the mayor of London Boris Johnson held a speech at the 2012 Conservative Party Conference where he told the audience that he and the British Prime Minister David Cameron have danced "Gangnam Style."[139] During a Google Earnings call, Larry Page, the CEO and co-founder of Google, hailed the song as a glimpse of the future of worldwide distribution through YouTube.[140]

The American Council on Exercise estimated that dancing "Gangnam Style" will burn 150–200 calories per half-hour.[141] Swype, an input method for Android operating systems, included "Gangnam Style" in its list of recognized words and phrases.[142]

U.S. President Barack Obama revealed possible plans to privately perform "Gangnam Style" for his spouse Michelle Obama.[143][144][145][146]

In November 2012, a Māori cultural group from Rotorua performed a version of the Gangnam Style dance mixed with a traditional Māori haka in Seoul, celebrating 50 years of diplomatic relations between South Korea and New Zealand.[147]

In Thailand, officials from the Dan Sai municipality in Loei Province shot a video of people wearing masks and performing "Gangnam Style" during the Phi Ta Khon "ghost" festival. According to the Thai newspaper The Nation, villagers and spiritual leaders from Loei province felt "uneasy" and also "greatly offended" about this "Gangnam Style" performance which tarnishes the image of a 400-year-old tradition.[148] Another controversial incident was sparked by a "Gangnam Style" parody by officers from the Royal Thai Navy, which was not well received by some high-ranking commanders. Although Vice Admiral Tharathorn Kajitsuwan from the Third Naval Area Command insisted that "we had no intention to insult or make fun of navy officers in uniform," some senior officers called it "improper." Kajitsuwan claimed that his subordinates had the right to upload the video to YouTube, although he did not expect them to do so. On October 1, 2012, he issued an apology to his colleagues. Commander Surasak Rounroengrom believed an investigation was unnecessary because the video caused no damage to the navy, but he admitted that there was some impropriety about military officers doing their "fancy stepping in uniform."[149]

Political and environmental activism

On September 18, 2012, the North Korean government became the first to use "Gangnam Style" for political activism when it uploaded a parody with the title "I'm Yushin style!" onto the government website Uriminzokkiri.[150] The parody mocks the South Korean ruling conservative party president-elect Park Geun-hye. It shows a Photoshopped image of the presidential candidate performing the dance moves of "Gangnam Style" and labels her as a devoted admirer of the Yushin system of autocratic rule set up by her father, Park Chung-hee.[151][152] A few weeks later, "草泥马 style" (literally, "Grass Mud Horse Style": The Chinese characters are a homonym for a vulgar slur[153]) was uploaded onto YouTube and other Chinese websites by the political activist and dissident Ai Weiwei. In his parody, Ai Weiwei dances "Gangnam Style" with a pair of handcuffs as a symbol of his arrest by Chinese authorities in 2011. According to the Associated Press, government authorities had removed the video from almost all Chinese websites the next day.[153]

South Korean President Park Geun-hye took office on February 25, 2013. At her inauguration, Psy performed "Gangnam Style" and "Champion," one of his first hits in his native country.[154]

In order to show his solidarity with Ai Weiwei and to advocate the freedom of expression, the British sculptor Anish Kapoor produced the video Gangnam for Freedom, which features other prominent British artists as well as human rights activists from various international organisations including Index on Censorship and Amnesty International.[155] A few days before, the global grassroots network Students for a Free Tibet had uploaded a parody of "Gangnam Style" to show its support for the Tibetan independence movement. According to Max Fisher from The Washington Post, this parody of "Gangnam Style" was likely to be filmed in Dharamshala, the home of Tibet's government-in-exile in the northern Indian state of Himachal Pradesh.[156]

Greenpeace announced that it was "Going Gangnam, Greenpeace Style" in order to raise public awareness about illegal and unsustainable fishing practices off the coast of Mozambique. Activists from Greenpeace had parodied "Gangnam Style" on board the organization's excursion yacht Rainbow Warrior.[157]

 
GCF Songdo Style

Songdo, a ubiquitous city 40 miles (65 km) west of Gangnam, was among five cities vying for the right to host the Green Climate Fund (GCF), a project developed by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change to channel $100 billion a year from developed countries to help developing countries combat climate change.[158] During its campaign to win the right to host the GCF, the country's Presidential Committee on Green Growth produced a promotional video entitled "GCF Songdo Style by Psy" in which Psy recommends Songdo as the host city for the GCF. He announces that a "new paradigm" will begin at Songdo with the GCF and the video heralds "The beginning of Songdo Style" while "Gangnam Style" plays in the background.[159][160] On October 20, 2012, the board of the GCF announced that Songdo had won the right to host the fund.[161]

In December 2012, the Department of Health in the Philippines launched a "Gangnam Style" dance campaign against the use of firecrackers to celebrate the New Year.[162] Janine Tugonon, 2012 Miss Universe first runner-up, joined and danced on one of their campaign at Pandacan, Manila.[163] According to the department's assistant secretary, Dr. Eric Tayag, the popularity of the song will attract people especially children to use safer means of celebration such as dancing "Gangnam Style."[162] In contrast, the Philippine National Police was confirming intelligence reports about a firecracker named "Gangnam bomb," which supposedly produced by illegal firecracker makers in Bocaue, Bulacan and apparently riding on the popularity of the song.[164] According to Chief Superintendent Raul Petrasanta, director of the Firearms and Explosives Office of the Philippine National Police, he did not know what the possibly dangerous[165] "Gangnam bomb" looks like.[164]

Muhammad Rahim al Afghani, a close associate of Osama bin Laden currently held at the Guantanamo Bay detention camp, had also used the song to demonstrate his ability to gain access to popular cultural trends despite being confined within a top secret prison. In a letter to his lawyer, Muhammad wrote, "I like this new song Gangnam Style. I want to do the dance for you but cannot because of my shackles."[166]

Other parodies and covers

 
"Gangnam Style" as parodied in a comic strip published by Dyess AFB, an airbase of the U.S. Air Force[167]

Reaction videos and parodies have been made for or with the music respectively. Some of these user generated videos have received international media recognition. "Gangnam Style"-related videos have also been uploaded by the CPDRC Dancing Inmates,[168][169] Cody Simpson,[170] Seungri,[171] Latino,[172] Fine Brothers,[173] WAVEYA Dance Group,[174] Barely Political,[175] and the Tampa Bay Buccaneers Cheerleaders.[176]

Numerous parodies have been spawned on college campuses. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology's version ("MIT Gangnam Style") featured Donald Sadoway, recognized in Time magazine as one of 2012 "Top 100 Most Influential People in the World"; Eric Lander, who is co-chairman of President Barack Obama's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology; and linguistics pioneer Noam Chomsky.[177][178] The Maccabeats, an a cappella group from Yeshiva University, parodied the song as "What's Next? Sukkos Style?" with group members waving the four species.[179] In addition, there have been parodies from The Ohio University Marching 110,[180] York University,[181] McMaster University,[182] Cornell University,[citation needed] University of Oregon,[citation needed] University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign,[183] Boston University,[184] Dartmouth College,[184] Stanford University[185] Eton College,[137] and the University of Michigan.[186]

The American space agency NASA uploaded an educational parody shot by its students at its Mission Control Center in Houston, Texas. The video features cameo appearances by astronauts Tracy Caldwell Dyson, Mike Massimino, Michael Coats, Ellen Ochoa, and the International Space Station's Expedition 15 flight engineer Clayton Anderson, who dances "Gangnam Style" halfway through the video.[187][188] Shortly after its upload, the parody was retweeted by the European Space Agency[189] and the SETI Institute.[190]

The song was also parodied by cadets from the United States Military Academy,[191][192] United States Merchant Marine Academy,[193] United States Naval Academy,[194][195] United States Air Force Academy,[196] and the Royal Military College of Canada;[197] soldiers from the 210th Fires Brigade, the 2nd Infantry Division, service members from an undisclosed unit and location in Afghanistan,[198] and service members from the China Coast Guard's Jiangsu division,[199] as well as high-ranking officers from the Royal Thai Navy.[200] CollegeHumor uploaded "Mitt Romney Style," while What's Trending uploaded "Obama Style."[201] During the two weeks before August 7, 2012, nearly 1,000 videos with the word "Gangnam" in the title were uploaded onto YouTube.[29]

The Portuguese public broadcaster RTP1 spoofed the song in its late-night show 5 Para A Meia-Noite as Gamar com Style, sung by the comedian Pedro "Pacheco" Fernandes, criticizing the Prime Minister Pedro Passos Coelho, the European Union, the IMF, and the 2010–13 Portuguese financial crisis.[202]

There are many "Gangnam Style" parodies used for education. One such parody includes "Conjugation Style," a parody used to teach students about the conjugation of -er verbs in the French language.[203] These sorts of parodies were referred to in the 2014 book Princess Labelmaker to the Rescue! (part of Tom Angleberger's Origami Yoda series), where one of the videos in the FunTime program purchased for McQuarrie Middle School involves Professor FunTime and his calculator sidekick Gizmo performing a parody of "Gangnam Style," entitled "FunTime Style."

YouTube comedian cs188 uploaded a YouTube Poop of the song's iconic video, called "[PSYTP] OPPA GODDAMN STYLE." The video has received more than 15 million views since its upload on October 11, 2012.[204]

Live performances

Asia

 
Psy performing "Gangnam Style" during Future Music Festival Asia 2013 at Sepang.

Following the release of "Gangnam Style," Psy made several performances on television and at concerts in Korea. Early performances included his appearance on the weekly South Korean music program, The Music Trend.[14] Psy also performed at several concerts prior to his departure to the United States, including during "The Heumbbeok Show"[205] and the Summer Stand Concert in Seoul.[206] After returning to South Korea, Psy performed "Gangnam Style" during a free concert that he held outside the Seoul City Hall. More than 80,000 fans attended the event, leading to the closure of part of the city center and an increase in subway operations.[207][208] While Psy was in the US, it was announced that he, as ambassador of the Formula One Korean Grand Prix, would perform "Gangnam Style" at the event during the 2012 edition.[209] At the event Psy taught Formula One drivers Mark Webber and Sebastian Vettel how to perform the dance.[210]

On November 28, 2012, Psy visited Thailand and held his concert "Gangnam Style Thailand Extra Live" at the SCG Stadium in Muang Thong Thani, Bangkok. At the show, a part of celebration for the 85th birthday of Thai's King Bhumibol Adulyadej, he performed the song along with his other hits.[211][212] During the 2012 Mnet Asian Music Awards held in Hong Kong on November 30, he performed the song on stage, joined by the video's co-star Hyuna and Yoo Jae-Seok look-alikes in yellow suits.[213] The track was one of three-song setlist on Psy's free showcase, held at the Marina Bay Sands in Singapore on December 1, 2012.[214]

On February 11, 2013, Psy arrived at the Malaysian state of Penang and performed "Gangnam Style" at a concert in front of more than 100,000 guests, including the Prime Minister of Malaysia Mohd Najib Abdul Razak as well as other high-ranking politicians from the country's ruling Barisan Nasional party.[215]

Australia

In early October 2012, Psy travelled to Sydney, Australia, and performed "Gangnam Style" on The X Factor, a reality TV music competition, where Melanie Brown joined him in performing the "horse dance" on stage.[216] The following day, he performed on breakfast TV show Sunrise in Martin Place, Sydney.[217]

Europe

Psy's first public performance in Europe was on November 5, 2012, in France, where he and 20,000 fans danced "Gangnam Style" in front of the Eiffel Tower in Paris during a flashmob organized by NRJ Radio.[218] Then, he traveled to Oxford and performed a short rendition of "Gangnam Style" with students from the Oxford Union, before moving on to the Yalding House in London where he danced "Gangnam Style" with the BBC's radio DJ Scott Mills.[219] Shortly afterward, Psy left for Cologne and met up with the German comedian and television host Stefan Raab during the popular late-night show TV total, where Psy gave an interview and performed "Gangnam Style" for Raab.[220] During the 2012 MTV Europe Music Awards held in Frankfurt on November 11, Psy delivered a performance of "Gangnam Style" which featured a David Hasselhoff appearance and backup dancing of Psy look-alikes.[221]

In early 2013, Psy returned to France for the 2013 NRJ Music Awards at the Palais des Festivals et des Congrès in Cannes, where he began performing "Gangnam Style" on the red carpet before finishing the rest of the choreography on stage and leaving the ceremony with three awards.[222]

North America

 
Psy performs Gangnam Style at the KIIS-FM Jingle Ball concert in Los Angeles

Following the viral success of his music video, Psy left for the United States and performed "Gangnam Style" in various locations. On August 20, 2012, Psy posted on Twitter "Bringing #GangnamStyle to the Dodgers–Giants game this evening." Dodger Stadium presented a segment called "Psy Dance Cam" where they showed clips of the music video, followed by live shots of baseball fans dancing, and then Psy, who waves and does the dance.[223] Two days later, Psy appeared on VH1's Big Morning Buzz Live show, and taught television hosts Carrie Keagan and Jason Dundas how to dance "Gangnam Style."[95][224]

On September 6, Psy appeared at the 2012 MTV Video Music Awards performing his "Gangnam Style" dance alongside comedian Kevin Hart.[225] After the event, he made several more appearances on US TV programs. On September 10, he appeared on The Ellen DeGeneres Show in Burbank, California, introducing himself as "Psy from Korea" before teaching Britney Spears the dance. He described the dance as "pretending to bounce like riding on an invisible horse"[77][226][227] and when DeGeneres told Spears she would have to remove her high-heeled shoes to perform the dance, Psy protested that no, the point was "to dress classy, and dance cheesy." On September 14, he appeared on NBC's morning program Today in New York City for its Toyota Concert Series, where he performed the song and also taught the anchors the dance.[228][229] The September 15, 2012, season premiere episode of Saturday Night Live featured a sketch based on the song and its video. Bobby Moynihan portrayed Psy, but was joined mid-sketch by Psy himself.[230] He also made his second appearance on The Ellen Show's September 19 episode to perform the song along with his backup dancers.[231] On September 22, Psy made an appearance at the iHeartRadio Music Festival to perform "Gangnam Style."[232] Psy, dressed in a black jacket, blue pants, two-tone shoes, and his signature shades, appeared on the US national TV show The View on October 25 and performed the song for Barbara Walters and the women of the show who donned sunglasses and got out of their seats.

On November 13, he joined the American recording artist Madonna on stage during her concert at Madison Square Garden in New York City and they performed a mashup of the song and her 2008 hit "Give It 2 Me." Psy later told reporters that his gig with Madonna had "topped his list of accomplishments."[233][234] On November 18, Psy, who rocked out in traditional Hammer pants, closed out the 40th American Music Awards show with a performance of "Gangnam Style" joined by surprise guest MC Hammer, who brought in his own moves and Psy's horse-riding dance as the song mashed into his 1990s hit "2 Legit 2 Quit."[235] Jason Lipshutz of Billboard commented that "Psy's feverish rendition of 'Gangnam Style' accomplished what so few award show performances can: a palpable sense of excitement. The combination of the K-pop star and MC Hammer ... was a stroke of genius that very few could have seen coming," and chose it as the best performance of the night.[236] The Tonight Show with Jay Leno did a special Thanksgiving broadcast with an all-military audience on November 22, and Psy dropped by as the musical guest. The singer sang the song and danced alongside the soldiers, going into the crowd for part of his performance.[237]

Psy performed "Gangnam Style" during the second night of KIIS-FM Jingle Ball concert at Nokia Theatre L.A. Live on December 3, 2012.[238] Wearing an all-red outfit including a sparkling, sequined top, he sang the song at TNT's Christmas in Washington special, attended by the US President Barack Obama and his family, and held at the National Building Museum On December 9.[239] On December 16, he performed the song at the halftime show of the NFL game between the Buffalo Bills and Seattle Seahawks in Toronto.[240] During the Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve event at Times Square in Manhattan on December 31, 2012, more than 1 million people witnessed a live "Gangnam Style" performance by Psy as he was joined on stage by characters (Yoo Jae-Seok, Noh Hong-chul) from the song's video for the first part of the performance, before MC Hammer appeared to perform a mash-up of the song and "2 Legit 2 Quit."[241][242][243]

South America

During the five-day Carnival in Rio attended by more than 5 million people, Psy performed "Gangnam Style" with singers Claudia Leitte and Gilberto Gil to mark the 50th anniversary of Korean immigration to Brazil.[244]

Legacy

The success of "Gangnam Style" was a result of the build-up of South Korea's music industry that had been in the works for more than 20 years,[245] and it led to other K-pop artists positioning themselves for similar breakthroughs in the U.S. music industry.[246] Frances Moore, chief executive of the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry, brought up Gangnam Style as an example of how South Korea became one of the "most successful exporters of repertoire".[247]

According to the news agency Agence France-Presse, the success of "Gangnam Style" has led to the further rise and spread of the Korean Wave to other countries.[33] As the song continued to attract worldwide media attention, it also led to various broadcasting networks and national newspapers focusing its attention on K-pop and other aspects of Korean culture. For example, The Daily Telegraph published an article recommending its readers to try out everything from K-Pop to "K-Cars", "K-Phones" and "K-Cuisine".[248] Kim Byoung-gi, the Korean Ambassador to Lebanon, wrote that "Gangnam Style" had helped bridge Lebanese and Korean cultures.[249] The French-born political commentator Tim Soutphommasane, a research fellow at Monash University, agreed that the "Gangnam phenomenon" was "something worth studying". According to Soutphommasane, the world was only beginning to appreciate Gangnam Style as "part of a broader hallyu cultural wave coming out of the country [South Korea]".[250]

In 2012, the South Korean government announced that "Gangnam Style" had brought in $13.4 million to the country's audio sector, and it subsequently launched a campaign to further expand the K-Pop music industry overseas.[251] According to the Bank of Korea, the country's services account recorded a surplus of US$2.3 billion in the first nine months of this year, compared to a deficit of US$4.5 billion last year. This was mainly due to the growing influence and popularity of K-pop songs such as "Gangnam Style."[252] However, American journalist John Seabrook noted that by "satirizing standard K-pop tropes in Gangnam Style", Psy may have subverted the music genre's chances of making it big in the West.[253]

Record executives in the music industry believe that music charts will increasingly be filled with YouTube-driven globalised acts from foreign countries. Sean Carey, a research fellow in the School of Social Sciences at the University of Roehampton, wrote that the flow of popular music will no longer be a single traffic route from North America and Europe to other parts of the globe, but will also move the other way as well.[254] According to Adam Sherwin from The Independent, the global web demand for Gangnam Style had short-circuited the "traditional reluctance" of radio stations to play foreign-language songs.[255] The song is also underlining a shift in how money is being made in the music business.[256] Although Psy earned more than US$60,000 from music sales of "Gangnam Style" in South Korea alone, he and his music label YG Entertainment have raked in almost US$1 million from advertisements which appear on YouTube videos identified for using "Gangnam Style" in its content. The Harvard Business Review published an article written by Kevin Evers, who explained how "Gangnam Style" had changed Billboard's ranking methodology of its music charts. Instead of relying solely on radio plays and paid purchases, Billboard started to place a heavier emphasis on digital sales and YouTube views.[257] As a result of the change, Gangnam Style moved up to the top position of Billboard's Hot Rap Songs music chart.[258] According to the British Phonographic Industry's report based on Official Charts Company sales data, thanks to Psy's song and Carly Rae Jepsen's "Call Me Maybe", pop had become the UK's favourite musical genre of the year, taking the lion's share of the singles market (38.5%) in 2012.[259]

Track listing

Digital download[260]
No.TitleLength
1."Gangnam Style (강남스타일)"3:39
Digital download – 2 Legit 2 Quit Mashup[261]
No.TitleLength
1."Gangnam Style / 2 Legit 2 Quit Mashup" (featuring MC Hammer)3:57
Digital download – Remix EP[262]
No.TitleLength
1."Gangnam Style (강남스타일)" (featuring 2 Chainz and Tyga) (Diplo Remix)3:25
2."Gangnam Style (강남스타일)" (Afrojack Remix)6:05
3."Gangnam Style (강남스타일)" (Afrojack Remix) (Instrumental)3:25
4."Gangnam Style (강남스타일)" (Instrumental)3:39
Total length:16:34
CD single
No.TitleLength
1."Gangnam Style (강남스타일)"3:39
2."Gangnam Style (강남스타일)" (Music Video)4:13
Total length:7:52

Accolades and records

Awards and nominations

Year Ceremony Award Result Ref.
2012 MTV Europe Music Awards Best Video Won [263]
American Music Awards New Media Honoree Won [264]
Mnet Asian Music Awards Best Music Video Won [265]
Song of the Year Won [265]
4Music Video Honours Best Video Nominated [266]
Melon Music Awards Song of the Year Won [267]
Capricho Awards Internet – Viral do ano (Viral of the Year) Won [268]
2013 People's Choice Awards Favorite Music Video Nominated [269]
Golden Disk Awards Digital Daesang (Grand Prize in Digital Releasing) Won [270]
NRJ Music Awards Chanson Internationale de l'année (International Song of the Year) Won [271]
Clip de l'année (Music Video of the Year) Won
NME Awards Best Dancefloor Anthem Nominated [272]
Korean Music Awards Song of the Year Won [273]
Best Dance & Electronic Song Nominated [274]
Kids' Choice Awards Favorite Song Nominated [275]
Billboard Music Awards Top Streaming Song (Video) Won [276]
Top Rap Song Nominated [277]
Top Dance Song Nominated [278]
2014 World Music Awards World's Best Song Won [279]
World's Best Video Nominated [280]

Records attained

The song and its accompanying music video currently hold, or have attained, the following records:

  • Most viewed K-pop video on YouTube[281] – On September 1, 2012, it overtook "Gee" by the 9-member K-Pop idol-group Girls' Generation with 89 million views.
  • Most liked video on YouTube – On September 13, 2012, it overtook "Party Rock Anthem" by the American electro recording duo LMFAO upon receiving 1.57 million "likes", and subsequently won its first Guinness World Record one week later.[281][282]
  • First K-pop song to top the UK Singles Chart – On October 6, 2012, the song reached number one of the UK singles chart and Psy became the first South Korean musician to achieve that feat.[283][284]
  • Most viewed video on YouTube – On November 24, 2012, it overtook "Baby" by the Canadian singer-songwriter Justin Bieber after receiving more than 803 million views.[285]
  • First video in Internet history to be viewed more than a billion times[7] – On December 21, 2012, it acquired its billionth view at around 15:50 UTC.[286]
  • First video in Internet history to be viewed more than two billion times[287] – On May 31, 2014, it acquired its 2 billionth view.[287] A second dance animation was added next to the view counter.[288] They were removed in July 2014.[289]

Year-end media picks

"Gangnam Style" was ranked No. 25 on the Rolling Stone's 50 best songs of 2012 list[290] and No. 8 on SPIN's 40 best songs of the year.[291] The song also took the No. 8 spot on the 2012 Billboard 20 best K-Pop songs list by Jeff Benjamin and Jessica Oak, who commented "[the song] stands out not only for its slick, electronic production but also for its deeper critique on high-class society."[292] According to MTV's list of the 2012 best songs, the song was ranked No. 8 with MTV news staff James Montgomery's comment: "'Gangnam' is either the track we, as a culture needed right now, or the track we, as a culture, deserved."[293] Time magazine chose it as the second best song of 2012 after Usher's "Climax," writing "The YouTube meme, a good-natured, mind-bendingly catchy lampoon [...] turned into a global obsession."[294][295] The song was one of the best songs of the year on The New York Times pop critics' list[296] and E! Online's No. 1 pick on the top 10 pop songs of 2012 list.[297] Digital Spy ranked the song No. 20 among the 20 best singles of the year.[298] It was voted the 12th best single of 2012 by The Village Voice's 40th annual Pazz & Jop critics' poll.[299] Music critic Robert Christgau placed "Gangnam Style" as the No. 2 single on his 2012 Dean's List.[300]

The music video for "Gangnam Style" was chosen as the best music video of 2012 by Time. Melissa Locker of the magazine wrote "The catchy song paired with social satire and tongue-in-cheek vibe has spread so quickly it reminds us why videos are called viral. The video has sparked an International dance craze and catapulted Psy to international super stardom."[301] Rolling Stone also ranked the video No. 1 on its "The Best Music Videos of 2012" list, saying "The Korean auteur [Psy] conquered the world with his 'dress classy, dance cheesy' aesthetic, blurring the line between parody and celebration."[302] The video took No. 4 position on the Digital Spy's list of 10 top pop music videos of the year.[303]

Miscellaneous

The music video came in first with 21% rating in the 2012 Billboard.com's readers poll, beating "Where Have You Been" by Rihanna (19%) and "Beauty and a Beat" by Justin Bieber featuring Nicki Minaj (11%).[304] The song was the most popular song played on New Year's Eve and the most sung song on the day, leaving "Auld Lang Syne" in second place for the first time since 2005, on karaoke company Lucky Voice's online service in the United Kingdom.[305][306] CNN readers picked "Gangnam Style" as the eighth best song of 2012.[307] The Week (US edition) ranked the song's global popularity at No. 6 with the strapline "'Gangnam Style' takes over the world" on the 13 biggest pop culture moments of the year list.[308] The phenomenon of the song and the video was also picked as one of the 2012's most viral moments in music by Wendy Geller of Yahoo! Music,[309] and No. 2 on the 2012 top 20 music moments list after Whitney Houston's death by Billboard, being written "If there's one meme, song and face that has been truly inescapable in the second half of 2012, it's South Korean rapper Psy and his outrageous 'Gangnam Style'."[310]

On December 1, 2014, YouTube announced that "Gangnam Style" had exceeded the number of views that are possible to store using a 32-bit signed integer, that being 2,147,483,647 (231−1, or two billion). As a result, YouTube was forced to upgrade to using 64-bit integers to store view numbers, with a maximum value of 9,223,372,036,854,775,807 (263−1, or nine quintillion). "We never thought a video would be watched in numbers greater than a 32-bit integer, but that was before we met Psy," stated a YouTube spokesperson.[311][312]

With 132 beats per minute, the song was momentarily forbidden in gyms in South Korea during the COVID-19 pandemic. The country restricted music faster than 120 BPM to avoid Koreans feel energized by the tempo of music, breath more heavily or sweat more intensely.[313]

Chart performance

South Korea

Upon its release, "Gangnam Style" was an enormous hit. The song went straight to number one on the Gaon Singles Chart on the fourth week of July 2012, with 816,868 digital downloads,[314][315] and spent five consecutive weeks at the top position of the chart, tying it with IU's "Good Day" for the most weeks at number one single in the chart's history.[316] In addition, the song became the first-place winner on various weekly chart shows such as M Countdown (three straight weeks)[317] and Music Bank (a total of 16 weeks including a record 10-consecutive-week).[318] According to the Korea Music Content Industry Association, "Gangnam Style" became the best selling song of 2012 in South Korea with 3,842,109 download sales.[319]

The song debuted at number six on the Billboard Korea K-Pop Hot 100 for the week of July 28, 2012.[320] It then topped the chart the week after and remained at the summit for five consecutive weeks, tying IU's record with "You and I" for the longest running number one song on the chart. The record, however, was broken by Lee Seung-gi's "Return" earned six weeks at the top spot from December 2012 to January 2013.[321][322][323] "Gangnam Style" took number one spot on the 2012 Billboard K-Pop Hot 100 year-end chart.[324]

Oceania

In Oceania, "Gangnam Style" was a huge success. The single made its chart debut on the New Zealand Singles Chart at number 21 on September 3, 2012.[325] After two weeks, the song reached in the top ten and the following week topped the chart, becoming the first K-pop song and the first foreign language song in three decades to achieve that feat since German band Nena's "99 Luftballons" hit the top spot in March 1982.[326] The song remained atop the chart for two consecutive weeks before being deposed from the top spot by One Direction's "Live While We're Young." After one week of the band's reign, "Gangnam Style" regained its number one position and stayed at the top spot for a further four weeks, tallying a total of six nonconsecutive weeks atop the chart. The track was ranked in the top ten of the chart for 17 consecutive weeks before it fell to number 11 on the January 14, 2013, chart.[325] The song has been certified 4× Platinum with sales exceeding 60,000 by the Recording Industry Association of New Zealand (RIANZ).[327] "Gangnam Style" was the second biggest-selling single of 2012 in the country behind Carly Rae Jepsen's "Call Me Maybe."[328]

In Australia, the song debuted at number seven on the ARIA Singles Chart on September 17, 2012, becoming the highest debut for the week. It reached number one on the chart just three weeks after its release, overtaking "Battle Scars" by Guy Sebastian featuring Lupe Fiasco, and spent six consecutive weeks at the summit, making it the second-longest running chart-topper for 2012 behind Flo Rida's "Whistle" remained at the pole position for seven weeks.[329][330] As a result, Psy became the first artist to reach number one on the chart with a foreign-language song since Las Ketchup topped the chart with "The Ketchup Song" in September 2002, and the eighth overall. In addition, "Gangnam Style" was the first Korean song to enter the chart and to climb to the top spot in Australian chart history.[331] After the single spent the first 14 weeks in the top ten of the chart since its chart debut, it dropped to number 11 in its 15th week. The song, however, rebounded from the position to number three on the issue date of December 31, 2012. It descended to number 14 in its 18th week, ending a 16-week in the top ten, and out of the top 20 the following week, placed at number 23.[329] It has been certified 10× Platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA), with sales exceeding 700,000 copies.[332] "Gangnam Style" was placed at number two on the 2012 ARIA Singles year-end chart behind Carly Rae Jepsen's "Call Me Maybe."[333] The song is currently the fourth best-selling single in Australian music history.

Europe

In Europe, the song was successful as well, topping the charts in almost all countries. "Gangnam Style" made its first European chart appearance, entering the Danish Singles Chart at number 40 on August 3, 2012. It reached the top ten in its fifth week, and climbed to number four in its sixth.[334] For the issue dated September 14, 2012, the song became Psy's first number one on the chart, ending the one-week reign of the Danish rock band Nephew's "Hjertestarter."[334] The song remained at the top position for seven consecutive weeks, tying it with "Somebody That I Used to Know" performed by Gotye featuring Kimbra for the longest running number one single on the chart for 2012. In its 24th week, it climbed back to the top, giving it its 8th week in that position. The single spent 22 straight weeks in the top ten of the chart.[334] In January 2013, the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI Denmark) certified the single 2× Platinum, denoting sales of 60,000 copies.[335]

The song entered the UK Singles Chart at number 196 on September 1, 2012, and in its fourth week broke into the top 40 at number 37.[336][337] In its fifth week, the song reached the top five on the chart and eventually peaked at number one on the week of October 6, becoming the first-ever K-pop song to achieve that feat. While the track only remained atop the chart for one week before being overtaken by Rihanna's "Diamonds", it spent a further 17 consecutive weeks in the top ten of the chart before it fell to number twelve on the January 26, 2013, chart. The song was the sixth biggest selling single of 2012 with 878,000 sales,[338] and ranked at number 24 among the top 40 most streamed tracks of the year in the United Kingdom.[339] According to Official Charts Company sales data, "Gangnam Style" has become not only the 129th track to sell more than 1 million copies in the history of the UK's Official Singles Chart, but also the first million seller by an Asian music star.[340] On April 9, 2013, the song became 13th most downloaded single of all time in the UK.[341]

Elsewhere in Europe, the song also peaked at number one on the German Singles Chart for two non-consecutive weeks in 2012. For the week of January 11, 2013, it returned to the summit, ending the ten-consecutive-week reign of "Diamonds" by Rihanna, and spent a week at the top. Psy's song remained in the top ten on the chart for a 19th straight week including 15 in the top three position since October 2012.[342] It has been certified 5× Gold by the Bundesverband Musikindustrie (BVMI), denoting sales of 750,000 copies.[343] In addition, the single remained number one in Austria for four nonconsecutive weeks,[344] Belgium (Flanders) for five consecutive weeks,[345] Belgium (Wallonia) for seven straight weeks,[346] Czech Republic for one week,[347] Finland for four consecutive weeks,[348] France for six non-consecutive weeks,[349] Italy for a week,[350] the Netherlands for two consecutive weeks,[351] Norway for four straight weeks,[352] Scotland for a week,[353] Spain for 12 consecutive weeks,[354] and Switzerland for three nonconsecutive weeks.[355] It additionally placed top five positions in Iceland, Ireland, and Sweden,[356][357] and top ten in Hungary and Slovakia.[358][359]

North America

In the United States, "Gangnam Style" debuted at number 64 the Billboard Hot 100 in the week of September 22, 2012, with 61,000 downloads sold, more than the total number of previous weeks (57,000), becoming the second K-pop song to enter the chart behind the Wonder Girls' "Nobody," which spent a week at number 76 on the October 31, 2009, chart.[360] The following week, the song rocketed to number 11 on the chart with 188,000 downloads, seeing a sales increase of 210% after Psy appeared on various TV shows such as The Ellen DeGeneres Show and NBC's Today.[361] In its third week, it rose to number two on the chart, topping the Hot Digital Songs chart with a 60% increase to 301,000 downloads sold and climbing to number nine on On-Demand Songs chart.[362] After that, the song peaked at the runner-up spot for seven consecutive weeks behind Maroon 5's "One More Night," failing to gain in enough radio audience to ascend to the summit, although it ruled Hot Digital Songs for a fourth week and On-Demand Songs for a fifth week during that period.[363] While "One More Night" dominated the Radio Songs chart for eight weeks, "Gangnam Style" peaked at just number 12 on the chart.[364]

For the week of November 24, the song dropped to number five on the Hot 100, despite leading in sales with 188,000 downloads.[365] In its 12th week, the single rebounded from number seven to number five with top Digital Gainer accolades, spurred by Psy's show-closing performance of the song with MC Hammer at the AMA. The track returned for a sixth week atop Hot Digital Songs with 229,000 downloads sold including 41,000 stemmed from the duet version, which mixed in Hammer's 1992 No. 5 Hot 100 hit "2 Legit 2 Quit."[366] It was the first song to spend six weeks at number one on the Digital Songs chart without reaching the top spot on the Hot 100 since Miley Cyrus's "Party in the U.S.A." in 2009.[367] After the song stayed in the top ten of the Hot 100 for 11 consecutive weeks, it dropped out of the top ten on the December 22, 2012, chart, falling from number 10 to number 11.[368] The following week, "Gangnam Style" descended to number 18 on the chart but achieved the milestone of 3 million downloads sold in the country, becoming the first and only K-pop song to reach the mark.[369] For the week of January 12, 2013, powered by consumers purchasing some of 2012's most buzzworthy hits and radio airplay recounting the same in year-end retrospectives, the song resurged from number 19 to number six with its best weekly total 400,000 downloads sold, returning to the Hot 100's top ten after three weeks out of the top ten.[370] The track dropped to number 14 in its 18th week, ending a 12-week in the top 10, and number 22 in its 19th week, despite staying in the top ten of Digital Songs chart with 192,000 and 105,000 copies sold, respectively.[371][372] On February 20, 2013, Billboard and Nielsen announced the addition of U.S. YouTube video streaming data to its platforms, which includes an update to the methodology for the Billboard Hot 100 chart. Thanks to the change to reflect online video activity, "Gangnam Style" rebounded from number 48 to number 26 on the Hot 100 for the week of March 2, 2013.[373][374]

On October 11, 2012, Billboard unveiled new methodology for the Hot Rap Songs chart, including digital download sales and streaming data for the first time, along with radio airplay audience impressions as measured by Nielsen BDS. Due to this, "Gangnam Style" soared from number 20 to number one on the October 20, 2012, chart.[375] The song spent eight consecutive weeks atop the chart before being overtaken by Flo Rida's "I Cry." After four weeks of his reign, "Gangnam Style" regained its number one position in the week of January 12, 2013.[376] The track also peaked at number three on the Hot Dance/Club Play Songs chart in the week of November 17, 2012.[377] The song was certified 4× Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) on April 19, 2013, denoting digital download sales of 4,000,000.[378] According to Nielsen SoundScan, "Gangnam Style" became the 9th best selling song of 2012 in the United States with 3,592,000 download sales.[379] In late January 2013, the song topped the 4 million mark in digital sales, becoming the third comic/novelty song to reach the mark, following LMFAO's "Sexy and I Know It" and Cee Lo Green's "Fuck You!."[380]

In Canada, "Gangnam Style" was a big hit just like the rest of the world. The song entered the Canadian Hot 100 chart at number 71 on the week of September 8, 2012.[381] In its fourth week, it reached in the top ten of the chart, climbing to number three, and the following week hit the pole position.[382] The single spent seven consecutive weeks atop the chart, making it the second longest running number one song of 2012 behind Maroon 5's "Payphone" remained at the top for eight straight weeks.[383] On the week of September 12, 2012, the song debuted at number seven on the Top 20 Digital Tracks chart, based on Nielsen SoundScan data.[384] The following week it topped the chart and spent four weeks at the top spot before giving the summit to "I Knew You Were Trouble" by Taylor Swift.[384] "Gangnam Style," however, was back on top of the chart for the week of October 24, and grabbed the number one position for another four straight weeks, tallying a total of eight nonconsecutive weeks atop the chart.[384] On November 16, 2012, the track was certified 4× Platinum by Music Canada, and as of January 2013 had sold more than 476,000 copies in the country.[385]

iTunes Music Video Charts

On August 21, 2012, "Gangnam Style" charted number one on the iTunes Music Video Charts, overtaking Justin Bieber's "As Long as You Love Me" and Katy Perry's "Wide Awake"; this feat was the first for any South Korean artist.[386] From September 8, 2012, to February 23, 2013, the song has also peaked and stayed at number one on Billboard's YouTube Chart for 22 weeks, until being surpassed by "Stay" by Rihanna for one week; as of April 2013, it had reclaimed its top position for a 30th week.[387]

Charts

Sales and certifications

Certifications and sales for "Gangnam Style"
Region Certification Certified units/sales
Australia (ARIA)[470] 10× Platinum 700,000^
Austria (IFPI Austria)[471] 2× Platinum 60,000*
Belgium (BEA)[472] 2× Platinum 60,000*
Canada (Music Canada)[473] 4× Platinum 502,000[385]
Denmark (IFPI Danmark)[474] Platinum 30,000^
Finland (Musiikkituottajat)[475] Gold 9,025[475]
France — 348,000[476]
Germany (BVMI)[477] 5× Gold 750,000 
Italy (FIMI)[478] 3× Platinum 90,000*
Japan (RIAJ)[479] Gold 100,000^
New Zealand (RMNZ)[327] 4× Platinum 60,000*
South Korea (Gaon) — 4,041,000[480]
Spain (PROMUSICAE)[481] Platinum 40,000*
Sweden (GLF)[482] 4× Platinum 160,000 
Switzerland (IFPI Switzerland)[483] 3× Platinum 90,000^
United Kingdom (BPI)[485] 2× Platinum 1,300,000[484]
United States (RIAA)[486] 5× Platinum 5,000,000 
United States (RIAA)[487]
Video Single 		5× Platinum 250,000^

* Sales figures based on certification alone.
^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.
  Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

Release history

Release dates for "Gangnam Style"
Country Date Format Label
South Korea[488] July 15, 2012 Digital download YG Entertainment
Argentina[489] September 4, 2012
Australia[490]
Austria[491]
Brazil[492]
Czech Republic[493]
Denmark[494]
United Kingdom[495]
United States[496] September 6, 2012
Canada[497]
Mexico[498]
Germany October 15, 2012 CD single (enhanced)
United States[499] November 19, 2012 Digital remix single Universal Republic Records

"Oppa Is Just My Style"

"Oppa Is Just My Style"
 
Single by Hyuna and Psy
ReleasedAugust 14, 2012 (2012-08-14)[500]
Label
Songwriter(s)
Producer(s)Yang Hyun-seok
Hyuna single singles chronology
"Trouble Maker"
(2011) 		"Oppa Is Just My Style"
(2012) 		"Ice Cream"
(2012)
Music video
"Oppa Is Just My Style" on YouTube
Oppa Is Just My Style
Hangul
오빤 딱 내 스타일
Revised RomanizationOppan Ttag Nae Seutail
McCune–ReischauerOppan Ttak Nae Sŭt'ail

"Gangnam Style" was officially re-released on August 14, 2012, as "Oppa Is Just My Style" (Korean: 오빤 딱 내 스타일), featuring additional vocals provided by Korean singer and 4Minute member Hyuna. Mallika Rao of The Huffington Post wrote that the video was "apparently retrofitted here to work from a woman's point of view, but the main difference we're spotting is less invisible horse riding and more sultry side-eyeing."[501] As of January 2021, the accompanying music video had received more than 784 million views, 2.6 million likes, and 520,000 dislikes on YouTube.[502]

See also

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January 16, 2023
gangnam, style, music, video, music, video, korean, 강남스타일, kaŋ, tʰa, song, south, korean, rapper, released, july, 2012, entertainment, lead, single, sixth, studio, album, rules, part, ssai, yukgap, part, term, korean, neologism, that, refers, lifestyle, associ. For the music video see Gangnam Style music video Gangnam Style Korean 강남스타일 IPA kaŋ nam sɯ tʰa il is a K pop song by South Korean rapper Psy released on July 15 2012 by YG Entertainment as the lead single of his sixth studio album Psy 6 Six Rules Part 1 Ssai Yukgap Part 1 The term Gangnam Style is a Korean neologism that refers to a lifestyle associated with the Gangnam District of Seoul Gangnam Style Single by Psyfrom the EP Psy 6 Six Rules Part 1ReleasedJuly 15 2012 2012 07 15 Recorded2011 2012GenreK pop 1 2 dance pop 3 4 EDM 5 Length3 39LabelYG Universal Republic School BoySongwriter s Park Jae sang 6 Producer s Park Jae sang Yoo Gun hyung Yang Hyun sukPsy singles chronology Korea 2012 Gangnam Style 2012 Gentleman 2013 Psy 6 Six Rules Part 1 Disc artworkAudio sample source source Gangnam Style filehelpMusic video Gangnam Style on YouTube Gangnam Style Hangul강남스타일Hanja江南스타일Revised RomanizationGangnam seutailMcCune ReischauerKangnam sŭt ail Gangnam Style debuted at number one on South Korea s Gaon Chart receiving mixed to positive reviews with praise for its catchy beat and Psy s amusing dancing and during live performances in various locations around the world in its music video The song and its music video went viral in August 2012 and have influenced popular culture worldwide In the United States Gangnam Style peaked at number two on Billboard Hot 100 By the end of 2012 Gangnam Style had topped the music charts of more than 30 countries including Australia Canada France Germany Italy Russia Spain and the United Kingdom Psy s dance in the music video itself became a cultural phenomenon In September 2012 Gangnam Style was recognized by Guinness World Records as the first YouTube video to hit 1 billion views It subsequently won Best Video at the MTV Europe Music Awards held that year It became a source of parodies and reaction videos by many different individuals groups and organizations On December 21 2012 Gangnam Style became the first YouTube video to reach 1 billion views 7 As of July 15 2022 the song s music video has more than 4 48 billion views 8 and was the most viewed video on YouTube from November 24 2012 when it surpassed the music video for Baby by Justin Bieber featuring Ludacris 9 to July 10 2017 when it was itself surpassed by the music video for See You Again by Wiz Khalifa featuring Charlie Puth 10 Its dance was attempted by political leaders such as British Prime Minister David Cameron and United Nations Secretary General Ban Ki moon who hailed it as a force for world peace 11 On May 7 2013 at a bilateral meeting with South Korea s President Park Geun hye at the White House US President Barack Obama cited the success of Gangnam Style as an example of how people around the world are being swept up by the Korean wave of culture 12 Contents 1 Background and release 2 Reception 2 1 Music video 3 Music video 4 Production 5 Viral spread 6 Cultural impact 6 1 Social 6 2 Political and environmental activism 6 3 Other parodies and covers 7 Live performances 7 1 Asia 7 2 Australia 7 3 Europe 7 4 North America 7 5 South America 8 Legacy 9 Track listing 10 Accolades and records 10 1 Awards and nominations 10 2 Records attained 10 3 Year end media picks 10 4 Miscellaneous 11 Chart performance 11 1 South Korea 11 2 Oceania 11 3 Europe 11 4 North America 11 5 iTunes Music Video Charts 12 Charts 12 1 Weekly charts 12 2 Year end charts 12 3 Decade end charts 13 Sales and certifications 14 Release history 15 Oppa Is Just My Style 16 See also 17 References 18 External linksBackground and release Edit The district of Gangnam in Seoul Gangnam Style is a South Korean neologism that refers to a lifestyle associated with the Gangnam District 13 of Seoul 14 where people are trendy hip and exude a certain supposed class The term was listed in Time s weekly vocabulary list as a manner associated with lavish lifestyles in Seoul s Gangnam district 15 Psy likened the Gangnam District to Beverly Hills California and said in an interview that he intended in a twisted sense of humor by claiming himself to be Gangnam Style when everything about the song dance looks and the music video is far from being such a high class 16 People who are actually from Gangnam never proclaim that they are it s only the posers and wannabes that put on these airs and say that they are Gangnam Style so this song is actually poking fun at those kinds of people who are trying very hard to be something that they re not 17 The song talks about the perfect girlfriend who knows when to be refined and when to get wild 18 The song s refrain 오빤 강남 스타일 Oppan Gangnam style has been translated as Big brother is Gangnam style with Psy referring to himself 19 20 During an interview with The New York Times Psy revealed that South Korean fans have huge expectations about his dancing so he felt a lot of pressure In order to keep up with expectations he studied hard to find something new and stayed up late for about 30 nights to come up with the Gangnam Style dance 21 Along the way he had tested various cheesy animal inspired dance moves with his choreographer Lee Ju sun 22 including panda and kangaroo moves 23 before settling for the horse trot which involves pretending to ride a horse alternately holding the reins and spinning a lasso and moving into a legs shuffling side gallop 24 During an interview with Reuters Psy said that Gangnam Style was originally produced only for local K pop fans 25 On July 11 2012 Psy and his music label YG Entertainment started releasing several promotional teasers for Gangnam Style to their subscribers on YouTube 26 27 28 On July 15 2012 the full music video of Gangnam Style was uploaded onto YouTube and was immediately a sensation receiving about 500 000 views on its first day 29 However at the time of its release in Germany a dispute between YouTube and the GEMA the country s performance rights organization regarding copyright issues led to thousands of music videos including Gangnam Style 30 being blocked in the country 31 The music video along with other music videos from GEMA protected artists released on YouTube were unblocked in Germany on October 31 2016 after YouTube reached an agreement with GEMA on copyrights and royalties 32 Search volume for K pop since 2008 according to Google Trends According to the news agency Agence France Presse the success of Gangnam Style could be considered as part of the Korean wave 33 a term coined by Chinese journalists to refer to the significant increase in the popularity of South Korean entertainment and culture since the late 1990s 34 Korean popular music K pop considered by some to be the most important aspect of the Korean wave 35 is a music genre that relies on cultural technology to adapt to the tastes of foreign audiences and has now grown into a popular subculture among teenagers and young adults in many places around the world 36 Although it has spread to the Middle East Eastern Europe and parts of South America 37 its reception in the Western world has so far been lukewarm 38 However social media networks such as YouTube Facebook and Twitter have made it easier for K pop musicians to reach a wider audience in the West 39 According to Mark James Russell from Foreign Policy while the Korean wave may not yet turn heads in Los Angeles or London this could soon change because of Gangnam Style 37 Reception Edit Horse dance The song has received mixed to positive ratings from music critics Music journalist Bill Lamb from About com praised the song for spreading smiles and pure fun around the world in record time He then writes take one part LMFAO s synth based party music another part Ricky Martin s Latin dance party and the rest a powerfully charismatic South Korean showman and you have the first worldwide K Pop smash hit Billboard K Town columnist Jeff Benjamin became one of the first music critics to review the song when he published an article and reported that Gangnam Style has gone viral on the Internet In his article Benjamin introduced the reader to a couple of popular K pop songs and wrote that Gangnam Style in particular plays all the right moves sonically while borrowing from LMFAO along the way 14 Hallie Sekoff of The Huffington Post quoted from the video s official YouTube video description that the song is characterized by its strongly addictive beats and wrote that this is not too far fetched considering how obsessed we ve found ourselves 40 London s mayor Boris Johnson considered the song to be the greatest cultural masterpiece of 2012 41 Despite its popularity a few music critics including Robert Copsey from Digital Spy criticized the song for being monotonous Cospey wrote that you could slap an LMFAO tag on the cover and few would know the difference 42 and Paul Lester of The Guardian similarly labeled it as generic ravey Euro dance with guitars Lester described the song as Pump Up the Jam meets the Macarena with a dash of Cotton Eye Joe 43 while Robert Myers of The Village Voice dismissed Gangnam Style as an inspired piece of silliness 44 Dancers performing Gangnam Style at the Gimje Horizon Festival Cha Woo jin a South Korean music critic told The Chosun Ilbo that Gangnam Style s sophisticated rendering and arrangement has made it very appealing to the general public 45 Choe Kwang shik the South Korean Minister of Culture Sports and Tourism told reporters that Gangnam Style had played an important role in introducing the Korean culture language and lifestyle to the rest of the world 46 However some have criticized the song for failing to accurately represent South Korean culture Oh Young Jin managing editor of The Korea Times wrote that the dance has more to do with Americans than Koreans 47 In Japan the song was met with considerable criticism When Gangnam Style first appeared in Japanese TV shows in July the reaction from viewers was negative As a result Psy s Japanese record label YGEX canceled a previously planned Japanese language re release of Gangnam Style 48 According to The Dong a Ilbo a South Korean newspaper the song s lukewarm reception in Japan could have been caused by a diplomatic conflict between the two countries 49 and the newspaper accused the Japanese media of keeping its people in the dark 49 However Jun Takaku of the Japanese daily newspaper Asahi Shimbun explained that Gangnam Style had caused barely a ripple in Japan because Psy does not conform to the image of other traditionally polished K pop acts popular in Japan such as Girls Generation and TVXQ 50 Erica Ho from Time magazine similarly noted that despite the K pop musical genre being very popular in Japan the country seemed to be immune to PSY Mania and she advised her readers who dislike the song to pack your bags for Japan 51 Immediately after its release Gangnam Style was mentioned by various English language websites providing coverage of Korean pop culture for international fans including Allkpop 52 and Soompi 53 Simon and Martina Stawski a Canadian couple living in Seoul who were among the first to parody Gangnam Style in late July wrote that the song has the potential to become one of the biggest songs of the year 54 However during an interview with Al Jazeera a few weeks later Martina Stawski claimed that the worldwide popularity of Gangnam Style has been viewed negatively by some K pop fans because they the fans didn t want K pop being liked by other people who don t understand K Pop 55 56 Music video Edit The music video of Gangnam Style has been met with positive responses from the music industry and commentators who drew attention to its tone and dance moves though some found them vulgar 57 Another notable aspect that helped popularise the video was its comical dance moves that can be easily copied such as the pelvic thrust during the elevator scene 58 The United Nations hailed Psy as an international sensation because of the popularity of his satirical video clip and its horse riding like dance moves 59 As such the music video has spawned a dance craze unseen since the Macarena of the mid 1990s 60 61 The World Bank s lead economist David McKenzie remarked that some of Psy s dance moves kind of look like a regression discontinuity 62 while the space agency NASA called Gangnam Style a dance filled music video that has forever entered the hearts and minds of millions of people 63 Melissa Locker of Time noted that it s hard not to watch again and again and again 64 while CNN reporter Shanon Cook told the audience that she had watched Gangnam Style about 15 times 65 The German news magazine Der Spiegel attributed the popularity of Gangnam Style to its daring dance moves 66 a sentiment similarly voiced by Maura Judkis of The Washington Post who wrote Gangnam Style has made an extraordinarily stupid looking dance move suddenly cool 67 The video was also positively reviewed by Steve Knopper from Rolling Stone who called Gangnam Style an astoundingly great K pop video that has all the best elements of hypnotically weird one hit wonders and hopes that PSY gets filthy rich from this 68 Mesfin Fekadu of the Associated Press wrote that Psy s dance moves are somewhat bizarre but the music video is full of colorful lively outfits 69 Matt Buchanan and Scott Ellis of The Sydney Morning Herald wrote that the video makes no sense at all to most Western eyes and it makes you wonder if you have accidentally taken someone else s medication 70 whereas Deborah Netburn of the Los Angeles Times called it one of the greatest videos ever to be uploaded to YouTube Kim Alessi from Common Sense Media considered the music video for Gangnam Style worth seeing for its caricature of contemporary Asian and American urban lifestyles but also warned that Gangnam Style contains sexually suggestive images and degrading messages which could be inappropriate for children and teenagers 71 Music video EditMain article Gangnam Style music video Psy with the Gangnam Style logo The video starts out with Psy who is lounging at what looks like a sandy beach under a sun umbrella and holding a cold drink but the camera zooms out to reveal he is actually at a playground 72 The video then alternates between the playground where a boy Hwang Min woo dances next to him and a row of horses who are in stalls where Psy performs his signature invisible horse dance 73 As Psy and two women walk through a parking garage they are pelted by pieces of newspaper trash and snow 74 At a sauna he rests his head on a man s shoulder dressed in blue while another man covered in tattoos is stretching He then sings in front of two men then labelmates under YG Entertainment BIG BANG s Daesung and Seungri dressed as older men playing Janggi Korean chess dances with a woman at a tennis court and bounces around on a tour bus of seniors The scenes alternate quickly until there is an explosion near the chess players causing them to dive off the bench Psy immediately walks toward the camera pointing and shouting Oppa Gangnam Style The chorus starts as he and some dancers perform at a horse stable He dances as two women walk backwards He dances at the tennis court a carousel and the tour bus He shuffles into an outdoor yoga session and on a boat The camera zooms in on a woman s butt then shows Psy yelling at it 74 75 The chorus ends and he is seen in a parking garage where Psy is approached by a man Yoo Jae suk in a yellow suit who steps out of a red Mercedes Benz SLK 200 they have a dance duel Psy then appears in an elevator underneath a man Noh Hong Chul who is straddling him and thrusting his pelvis The man in the yellow suit then gets in his car and leaves The camera pans and it shows Psy in the subway station where he boards the train and notices Hyuna who would have her own version of the song dancing At one of the train stops he approaches the girl in slow motion and she approaches him They start to embrace He then tells the girl Oppa Gangnam Style and they horse dance along with some other dancers at the train stop commencing the second chorus He also surfaces from a spa hot tub 74 In the Rolling Stone interview Psy says he copied the spa surfacing scene from Lady Gaga s video Poker Face 75 Psy sings to the girl at a night club as people in various costumes walk behind them He raps in a serious tone in an enclosed space but when he says You know what I m saying the camera zooms out and it is revealed that he is actually sitting on a toilet with his pants down 74 Psy the girl and the group of people in costumes do the horse dance and strike a final pose After a brief reprise of the dance duel Psy says Oppan Gangnam style and the video finishes with a cartoon graphic Production EditThe music video is directed by Cho Soo hyun who also directed the MV for Psy s follow up single Gentleman and the MV for This Love by Shinhwa 76 It shows Psy performing a comical horse riding dance and appearing in unexpected locations around the Gangnam District such as an outdoor yoga session and a hot tub He wears several distinctive suits and black sunglasses with a mindset of dress classy and dance cheesy 77 It features a skewering of the Gangnam image by the non Gangnam Psy this parody would be recognizable to viewers familiar with Korean culture 78 79 Although there are more than ten different locations featured only two of the scenes are actually filmed in the Gangnam district The sauna scene elevator scene and bathroom scene were filmed elsewhere in the greater Seoul region 80 and some shots were filmed in World Trade Center Seoul and the Songdo International Business District which includes Songdo Central Park and International Business District Station 81 The video was shot over 48 hours in July 2012 74 75 In K pop it is routine to have cameos by celebrities in a music video such as in the dance scenes in the elevator and the parking garage 72 The guests in the music video include 4Minute member Hyuna who dances in the subway car and attracts Psy s attention 75 79 BIG BANG s Daesung and Seungri who are dressed as older men playing Janggi on a bench behind Psy Hwang Min woo a 7 year old boy who dances at the beginning of the video During an interview with CNN Psy stated that the night before the music video shoot I was watching Korea s Got Talent and saw him dance to Michael Jackson His moves were ridiculous So we called him up and asked him to be in the music video which was shooting the very next day and he came and it all worked out 17 75 He has been praised for his eye catching dance moves that have received a lot of attention from viewers 82 83 Comedian television personality Korea s Nation emcee Yoo Jae suk who engages in a dance duel with Psy 75 79 Comedian television personality Noh Hongchul who does his trademark pelvis thrusting dance in an elevator while Psy raps underneath him 75 79 Viral spread EditFollowing its July 15 release Gangnam Style overtook Carly Rae Jepsen s Call Me Maybe to reach the number one position on the YouTube Top 100 Music Videos during the week of August 28 2012 13 96 On September 1 2012 it overtook Girls Generation s Gee to become the most viewed K pop video on YouTube 97 Although Call Me Maybe had unusually strong staying power averaging over 1 5 million views each day Gangnam Style increased to an average of over nine million views per day within just two months This was mainly because Call Me Maybe remained largely a North American trend whereas the popularity of Gangnam Style was not confined to the United States 98 61 6 percent of viewers were male and those aged between 13 and 17 represented the biggest group 99 According to The Wall Street Journal T Pain was among the first to have sent the video to the stratosphere when he tweeted about it on July 29 2012 85 100 It was then picked up by Neetzan Zimmerman from the social blog Gawker who asked Did this underground Hip Hop artist from South Korea just release the Best Music Video of the Year 91 on July 30 This was soon followed by Robbie Williams 87 Britney Spears 101 Katy Perry 43 Tom Cruise 102 Joseph Gordon Levitt 103 and William Gibson 104 who either commented about or shared the video with their fans via Twitter The earliest video to catch the attention of media networks outside South Korea was Psy Gangnam Style MV Reaction which was uploaded by Katie and Mindy Anderson on July 18 2012 The Andersons were subsequently interviewed by Evan Ramstad from The Wall Street Journal a few weeks later 84 In his article published on August 6 2012 Ramstad also included Kpop Music Mondays PSY Gangnam Style a review and parody of Gangnam Style uploaded on July 23 by K pop video bloggers Simon and Martina Stawski a Canadian couple living in Seoul This makes the Stawskis video the earliest parody featured in an American newspaper 85 On August 8 2012 Ramstad appeared on WSJ Live and he mentioned the Andersons and the Stawskis again before claiming that a lot of Koreans are also making their own parodies of Gangnam Style 105 On September 3 2012 the number of daily views generated by Gangnam Style went past the 5 million mark 106 By the end of September it had topped the iTunes charts in 31 countries 107 Gangnam Style reached the unprecedented milestone of 1 billion YouTube views on December 21 2012 YouTube specially marked the video s accomplishments with a cartoon dancing Psy animated icon added first by the site logo 108 and later next to the video s view counter when it exceeded 1 billion views 109 On April 6 2013 the video on YouTube reached 1 5 billion views 110 On July 5 2013 the view counter updated with 1 710 619 528 views which was 15 million higher than same time the previous day This increased the average number of views per day from 4 787 807 to 4 818 647 views divided by the number of days since release As of March 2022 the video is the eleventh most viewed video on YouTube 111 having reached 4 4 billion views 112 Cultural impact EditMain article Gangnam Style in popular culture Clayton Anderson flight engineer of the International Space Station s 15th expedition dances Gangnam Style in a parody uploaded by the space agency NASA After the release of Gangnam Style the American talent manager Scooter Braun who discovered Justin Bieber on YouTube asked on Twitter How did I not sign this guy Psy 113 Soon afterward it was reported that Psy had left for Los Angeles to meet with representatives of Justin Bieber to explore collaboration opportunities 13 On September 3 2012 Braun made a public announcement that was later uploaded onto YouTube saying that he and Psy have decided to make some history together To be the first Korean artist to break a big record in the United States On September 4 it was confirmed that Psy was signed to Braun s School Boy Records 114 The music video for the song has gone viral and is an Internet meme 115 Although Psy attributed the song s popularity to YouTube and his fans while at the same time insisted that he is not responsible for the song s success 116 the South Korean Ministry of Culture Sports and Tourism recognized the singer for increasing the world s interest in Korea and announced its decision to award Psy with a 4th Class Order of Cultural Merit 117 The phrase Oppan Gangnam Style was entered into The Yale Book of Quotations as one of the most famous quotes of 2012 118 Social Edit As the song s popularity continued to rise it caused the share price of the song s music label YG Entertainment to gain as much as 50 on the Korea Exchange DI Corporation whose executive chairman Park Won ho is Psy s father saw its share price increase by 568 8 within a few months of the song s release despite making a year over year loss 119 120 Soon Gangnam Style began to attract the attention of several business and political leaders including UN Secretary General Ban Ki moon who recognized the song as a force for world peace 11 During his meeting with Psy at the United Nations Headquarters he commented We have tough negotiations in the United Nations In such a case I was also thinking of playing Gangnam Style dance so that everybody would stop and dance Maybe you can bring UN style 121 122 source source source source source source source source source source UN Secretary General Ban Ki moon performs Gangnam Style with Psy Through social networks like Facebook many small unofficial fan organized flash mobs have been held in universities and colleges throughout the world The earliest flash mobs were held in Pasadena California 123 and Sydney Australia 124 On September 12 2012 Times Square in Manhattan was filled with a dance mob dancing to the music of Gangnam Style during ABC s Good Morning America 125 Major flash mobs those with more than 1 000 participants were also held in Seoul South Korea 126 South Sulawesi Indonesia 127 Palermo Italy Milan Italy 128 129 and Paris France 130 Top 5 Gangnam Style dance mobs with most participants Date Location Country ParticipantsOctober 6 2012 Seoul South Korea 15 000 126 October 14 2012 Makassar South Sulawesi Indonesia 12 000 127 October 21 2012 Piazza del Duomo Milan Italy 20 000 129 November 5 2012 Jardins du Trocadero Paris France 20 000 130 November 10 2012 Piazza del Popolo Rome Italy 15 000 131 The song has been mentioned in tweets by the United Nations 132 the United Nations Children s Fund 133 and the American space agency NASA 134 by a reporter during a U S State Department briefing 135 and referenced by the president of the International Criminal Court Song Sang Hyun during his speech in front of the UN Security Council 136 137 138 On October 9 the mayor of London Boris Johnson held a speech at the 2012 Conservative Party Conference where he told the audience that he and the British Prime Minister David Cameron have danced Gangnam Style 139 During a Google Earnings call Larry Page the CEO and co founder of Google hailed the song as a glimpse of the future of worldwide distribution through YouTube 140 The American Council on Exercise estimated that dancing Gangnam Style will burn 150 200 calories per half hour 141 Swype an input method for Android operating systems included Gangnam Style in its list of recognized words and phrases 142 U S President Barack Obama revealed possible plans to privately perform Gangnam Style for his spouse Michelle Obama 143 144 145 146 In November 2012 a Maori cultural group from Rotorua performed a version of the Gangnam Style dance mixed with a traditional Maori haka in Seoul celebrating 50 years of diplomatic relations between South Korea and New Zealand 147 In Thailand officials from the Dan Sai municipality in Loei Province shot a video of people wearing masks and performing Gangnam Style during the Phi Ta Khon ghost festival According to the Thai newspaper The Nation villagers and spiritual leaders from Loei province felt uneasy and also greatly offended about this Gangnam Style performance which tarnishes the image of a 400 year old tradition 148 Another controversial incident was sparked by a Gangnam Style parody by officers from the Royal Thai Navy which was not well received by some high ranking commanders Although Vice Admiral Tharathorn Kajitsuwan from the Third Naval Area Command insisted that we had no intention to insult or make fun of navy officers in uniform some senior officers called it improper Kajitsuwan claimed that his subordinates had the right to upload the video to YouTube although he did not expect them to do so On October 1 2012 he issued an apology to his colleagues Commander Surasak Rounroengrom believed an investigation was unnecessary because the video caused no damage to the navy but he admitted that there was some impropriety about military officers doing their fancy stepping in uniform 149 Political and environmental activism Edit On September 18 2012 the North Korean government became the first to use Gangnam Style for political activism when it uploaded a parody with the title I m Yushin style onto the government website Uriminzokkiri 150 The parody mocks the South Korean ruling conservative party president elect Park Geun hye It shows a Photoshopped image of the presidential candidate performing the dance moves of Gangnam Style and labels her as a devoted admirer of the Yushin system of autocratic rule set up by her father Park Chung hee 151 152 A few weeks later 草泥马 style literally Grass Mud Horse Style The Chinese characters are a homonym for a vulgar slur 153 was uploaded onto YouTube and other Chinese websites by the political activist and dissident Ai Weiwei In his parody Ai Weiwei dances Gangnam Style with a pair of handcuffs as a symbol of his arrest by Chinese authorities in 2011 According to the Associated Press government authorities had removed the video from almost all Chinese websites the next day 153 South Korean President Park Geun hye took office on February 25 2013 At her inauguration Psy performed Gangnam Style and Champion one of his first hits in his native country 154 In order to show his solidarity with Ai Weiwei and to advocate the freedom of expression the British sculptor Anish Kapoor produced the video Gangnam for Freedom which features other prominent British artists as well as human rights activists from various international organisations including Index on Censorship and Amnesty International 155 A few days before the global grassroots network Students for a Free Tibet had uploaded a parody of Gangnam Style to show its support for the Tibetan independence movement According to Max Fisher from The Washington Post this parody of Gangnam Style was likely to be filmed in Dharamshala the home of Tibet s government in exile in the northern Indian state of Himachal Pradesh 156 Greenpeace announced that it was Going Gangnam Greenpeace Style in order to raise public awareness about illegal and unsustainable fishing practices off the coast of Mozambique Activists from Greenpeace had parodied Gangnam Style on board the organization s excursion yacht Rainbow Warrior 157 GCF Songdo Style Songdo a ubiquitous city 40 miles 65 km west of Gangnam was among five cities vying for the right to host the Green Climate Fund GCF a project developed by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change to channel 100 billion a year from developed countries to help developing countries combat climate change 158 During its campaign to win the right to host the GCF the country s Presidential Committee on Green Growth produced a promotional video entitled GCF Songdo Style by Psy in which Psy recommends Songdo as the host city for the GCF He announces that a new paradigm will begin at Songdo with the GCF and the video heralds The beginning of Songdo Style while Gangnam Style plays in the background 159 160 On October 20 2012 the board of the GCF announced that Songdo had won the right to host the fund 161 In December 2012 the Department of Health in the Philippines launched a Gangnam Style dance campaign against the use of firecrackers to celebrate the New Year 162 Janine Tugonon 2012 Miss Universe first runner up joined and danced on one of their campaign at Pandacan Manila 163 According to the department s assistant secretary Dr Eric Tayag the popularity of the song will attract people especially children to use safer means of celebration such as dancing Gangnam Style 162 In contrast the Philippine National Police was confirming intelligence reports about a firecracker named Gangnam bomb which supposedly produced by illegal firecracker makers in Bocaue Bulacan and apparently riding on the popularity of the song 164 According to Chief Superintendent Raul Petrasanta director of the Firearms and Explosives Office of the Philippine National Police he did not know what the possibly dangerous 165 Gangnam bomb looks like 164 Muhammad Rahim al Afghani a close associate of Osama bin Laden currently held at the Guantanamo Bay detention camp had also used the song to demonstrate his ability to gain access to popular cultural trends despite being confined within a top secret prison In a letter to his lawyer Muhammad wrote I like this new song Gangnam Style I want to do the dance for you but cannot because of my shackles 166 Other parodies and covers Edit Gangnam Style as parodied in a comic strip published by Dyess AFB an airbase of the U S Air Force 167 Reaction videos and parodies have been made for or with the music respectively Some of these user generated videos have received international media recognition Gangnam Style related videos have also been uploaded by the CPDRC Dancing Inmates 168 169 Cody Simpson 170 Seungri 171 Latino 172 Fine Brothers 173 WAVEYA Dance Group 174 Barely Political 175 and the Tampa Bay Buccaneers Cheerleaders 176 Numerous parodies have been spawned on college campuses The Massachusetts Institute of Technology s version MIT Gangnam Style featured Donald Sadoway recognized in Time magazine as one of 2012 Top 100 Most Influential People in the World Eric Lander who is co chairman of President Barack Obama s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology and linguistics pioneer Noam Chomsky 177 178 The Maccabeats an a cappella group from Yeshiva University parodied the song as What s Next Sukkos Style with group members waving the four species 179 In addition there have been parodies from The Ohio University Marching 110 180 York University 181 McMaster University 182 Cornell University citation needed University of Oregon citation needed University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign 183 Boston University 184 Dartmouth College 184 Stanford University 185 Eton College 137 and the University of Michigan 186 The American space agency NASA uploaded an educational parody shot by its students at its Mission Control Center in Houston Texas The video features cameo appearances by astronauts Tracy Caldwell Dyson Mike Massimino Michael Coats Ellen Ochoa and the International Space Station s Expedition 15 flight engineer Clayton Anderson who dances Gangnam Style halfway through the video 187 188 Shortly after its upload the parody was retweeted by the European Space Agency 189 and the SETI Institute 190 The song was also parodied by cadets from the United States Military Academy 191 192 United States Merchant Marine Academy 193 United States Naval Academy 194 195 United States Air Force Academy 196 and the Royal Military College of Canada 197 soldiers from the 210th Fires Brigade the 2nd Infantry Division service members from an undisclosed unit and location in Afghanistan 198 and service members from the China Coast Guard s Jiangsu division 199 as well as high ranking officers from the Royal Thai Navy 200 CollegeHumor uploaded Mitt Romney Style while What s Trending uploaded Obama Style 201 During the two weeks before August 7 2012 nearly 1 000 videos with the word Gangnam in the title were uploaded onto YouTube 29 The Portuguese public broadcaster RTP1 spoofed the song in its late night show 5 Para A Meia Noite as Gamar com Style sung by the comedian Pedro Pacheco Fernandes criticizing the Prime Minister Pedro Passos Coelho the European Union the IMF and the 2010 13 Portuguese financial crisis 202 There are many Gangnam Style parodies used for education One such parody includes Conjugation Style a parody used to teach students about the conjugation of er verbs in the French language 203 These sorts of parodies were referred to in the 2014 book Princess Labelmaker to the Rescue part of Tom Angleberger s Origami Yoda series where one of the videos in the FunTime program purchased for McQuarrie Middle School involves Professor FunTime and his calculator sidekick Gizmo performing a parody of Gangnam Style entitled FunTime Style YouTube comedian cs188 uploaded a YouTube Poop of the song s iconic video called PSYTP OPPA GODDAMN STYLE The video has received more than 15 million views since its upload on October 11 2012 204 Live performances EditAsia Edit Psy performing Gangnam Style during Future Music Festival Asia 2013 at Sepang Following the release of Gangnam Style Psy made several performances on television and at concerts in Korea Early performances included his appearance on the weekly South Korean music program The Music Trend 14 Psy also performed at several concerts prior to his departure to the United States including during The Heumbbeok Show 205 and the Summer Stand Concert in Seoul 206 After returning to South Korea Psy performed Gangnam Style during a free concert that he held outside the Seoul City Hall More than 80 000 fans attended the event leading to the closure of part of the city center and an increase in subway operations 207 208 While Psy was in the US it was announced that he as ambassador of the Formula One Korean Grand Prix would perform Gangnam Style at the event during the 2012 edition 209 At the event Psy taught Formula One drivers Mark Webber and Sebastian Vettel how to perform the dance 210 On November 28 2012 Psy visited Thailand and held his concert Gangnam Style Thailand Extra Live at the SCG Stadium in Muang Thong Thani Bangkok At the show a part of celebration for the 85th birthday of Thai s King Bhumibol Adulyadej he performed the song along with his other hits 211 212 During the 2012 Mnet Asian Music Awards held in Hong Kong on November 30 he performed the song on stage joined by the video s co star Hyuna and Yoo Jae Seok look alikes in yellow suits 213 The track was one of three song setlist on Psy s free showcase held at the Marina Bay Sands in Singapore on December 1 2012 214 On February 11 2013 Psy arrived at the Malaysian state of Penang and performed Gangnam Style at a concert in front of more than 100 000 guests including the Prime Minister of Malaysia Mohd Najib Abdul Razak as well as other high ranking politicians from the country s ruling Barisan Nasional party 215 Australia Edit In early October 2012 Psy travelled to Sydney Australia and performed Gangnam Style on The X Factor a reality TV music competition where Melanie Brown joined him in performing the horse dance on stage 216 The following day he performed on breakfast TV show Sunrise in Martin Place Sydney 217 Europe Edit Psy s first public performance in Europe was on November 5 2012 in France where he and 20 000 fans danced Gangnam Style in front of the Eiffel Tower in Paris during a flashmob organized by NRJ Radio 218 Then he traveled to Oxford and performed a short rendition of Gangnam Style with students from the Oxford Union before moving on to the Yalding House in London where he danced Gangnam Style with the BBC s radio DJ Scott Mills 219 Shortly afterward Psy left for Cologne and met up with the German comedian and television host Stefan Raab during the popular late night show TV total where Psy gave an interview and performed Gangnam Style for Raab 220 During the 2012 MTV Europe Music Awards held in Frankfurt on November 11 Psy delivered a performance of Gangnam Style which featured a David Hasselhoff appearance and backup dancing of Psy look alikes 221 In early 2013 Psy returned to France for the 2013 NRJ Music Awards at the Palais des Festivals et des Congres in Cannes where he began performing Gangnam Style on the red carpet before finishing the rest of the choreography on stage and leaving the ceremony with three awards 222 North America Edit Psy performs Gangnam Style at the KIIS FM Jingle Ball concert in Los Angeles Following the viral success of his music video Psy left for the United States and performed Gangnam Style in various locations On August 20 2012 Psy posted on Twitter Bringing GangnamStyle to the Dodgers Giants game this evening Dodger Stadium presented a segment called Psy Dance Cam where they showed clips of the music video followed by live shots of baseball fans dancing and then Psy who waves and does the dance 223 Two days later Psy appeared on VH1 s Big Morning Buzz Live show and taught television hosts Carrie Keagan and Jason Dundas how to dance Gangnam Style 95 224 On September 6 Psy appeared at the 2012 MTV Video Music Awards performing his Gangnam Style dance alongside comedian Kevin Hart 225 After the event he made several more appearances on US TV programs On September 10 he appeared on The Ellen DeGeneres Show in Burbank California introducing himself as Psy from Korea before teaching Britney Spears the dance He described the dance as pretending to bounce like riding on an invisible horse 77 226 227 and when DeGeneres told Spears she would have to remove her high heeled shoes to perform the dance Psy protested that no the point was to dress classy and dance cheesy On September 14 he appeared on NBC s morning program Today in New York City for its Toyota Concert Series where he performed the song and also taught the anchors the dance 228 229 The September 15 2012 season premiere episode of Saturday Night Live featured a sketch based on the song and its video Bobby Moynihan portrayed Psy but was joined mid sketch by Psy himself 230 He also made his second appearance on The Ellen Show s September 19 episode to perform the song along with his backup dancers 231 On September 22 Psy made an appearance at the iHeartRadio Music Festival to perform Gangnam Style 232 Psy dressed in a black jacket blue pants two tone shoes and his signature shades appeared on the US national TV show The View on October 25 and performed the song for Barbara Walters and the women of the show who donned sunglasses and got out of their seats On November 13 he joined the American recording artist Madonna on stage during her concert at Madison Square Garden in New York City and they performed a mashup of the song and her 2008 hit Give It 2 Me Psy later told reporters that his gig with Madonna had topped his list of accomplishments 233 234 On November 18 Psy who rocked out in traditional Hammer pants closed out the 40th American Music Awards show with a performance of Gangnam Style joined by surprise guest MC Hammer who brought in his own moves and Psy s horse riding dance as the song mashed into his 1990s hit 2 Legit 2 Quit 235 Jason Lipshutz of Billboard commented that Psy s feverish rendition of Gangnam Style accomplished what so few award show performances can a palpable sense of excitement The combination of the K pop star and MC Hammer was a stroke of genius that very few could have seen coming and chose it as the best performance of the night 236 The Tonight Show with Jay Leno did a special Thanksgiving broadcast with an all military audience on November 22 and Psy dropped by as the musical guest The singer sang the song and danced alongside the soldiers going into the crowd for part of his performance 237 Psy performed Gangnam Style during the second night of KIIS FM Jingle Ball concert at Nokia Theatre L A Live on December 3 2012 238 Wearing an all red outfit including a sparkling sequined top he sang the song at TNT s Christmas in Washington special attended by the US President Barack Obama and his family and held at the National Building Museum On December 9 239 On December 16 he performed the song at the halftime show of the NFL game between the Buffalo Bills and Seattle Seahawks in Toronto 240 During the Dick Clark s New Year s Rockin Eve event at Times Square in Manhattan on December 31 2012 more than 1 million people witnessed a live Gangnam Style performance by Psy as he was joined on stage by characters Yoo Jae Seok Noh Hong chul from the song s video for the first part of the performance before MC Hammer appeared to perform a mash up of the song and 2 Legit 2 Quit 241 242 243 South America Edit During the five day Carnival in Rio attended by more than 5 million people Psy performed Gangnam Style with singers Claudia Leitte and Gilberto Gil to mark the 50th anniversary of Korean immigration to Brazil 244 Legacy EditThe success of Gangnam Style was a result of the build up of South Korea s music industry that had been in the works for more than 20 years 245 and it led to other K pop artists positioning themselves for similar breakthroughs in the U S music industry 246 Frances Moore chief executive of the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry brought up Gangnam Style as an example of how South Korea became one of the most successful exporters of repertoire 247 According to the news agency Agence France Presse the success of Gangnam Style has led to the further rise and spread of the Korean Wave to other countries 33 As the song continued to attract worldwide media attention it also led to various broadcasting networks and national newspapers focusing its attention on K pop and other aspects of Korean culture For example The Daily Telegraph published an article recommending its readers to try out everything from K Pop to K Cars K Phones and K Cuisine 248 Kim Byoung gi the Korean Ambassador to Lebanon wrote that Gangnam Style had helped bridge Lebanese and Korean cultures 249 The French born political commentator Tim Soutphommasane a research fellow at Monash University agreed that the Gangnam phenomenon was something worth studying According to Soutphommasane the world was only beginning to appreciate Gangnam Style as part of a broader hallyu cultural wave coming out of the country South Korea 250 In 2012 the South Korean government announced that Gangnam Style had brought in 13 4 million to the country s audio sector and it subsequently launched a campaign to further expand the K Pop music industry overseas 251 According to the Bank of Korea the country s services account recorded a surplus of US 2 3 billion in the first nine months of this year compared to a deficit of US 4 5 billion last year This was mainly due to the growing influence and popularity of K pop songs such as Gangnam Style 252 However American journalist John Seabrook noted that by satirizing standard K pop tropes in Gangnam Style Psy may have subverted the music genre s chances of making it big in the West 253 Record executives in the music industry believe that music charts will increasingly be filled with YouTube driven globalised acts from foreign countries Sean Carey a research fellow in the School of Social Sciences at the University of Roehampton wrote that the flow of popular music will no longer be a single traffic route from North America and Europe to other parts of the globe but will also move the other way as well 254 According to Adam Sherwin from The Independent the global web demand for Gangnam Style had short circuited the traditional reluctance of radio stations to play foreign language songs 255 The song is also underlining a shift in how money is being made in the music business 256 Although Psy earned more than US 60 000 from music sales of Gangnam Style in South Korea alone he and his music label YG Entertainment have raked in almost US 1 million from advertisements which appear on YouTube videos identified for using Gangnam Style in its content The Harvard Business Review published an article written by Kevin Evers who explained how Gangnam Style had changed Billboard s ranking methodology of its music charts Instead of relying solely on radio plays and paid purchases Billboard started to place a heavier emphasis on digital sales and YouTube views 257 As a result of the change Gangnam Style moved up to the top position of Billboard s Hot Rap Songs music chart 258 According to the British Phonographic Industry s report based on Official Charts Company sales data thanks to Psy s song and Carly Rae Jepsen s Call Me Maybe pop had become the UK s favourite musical genre of the year taking the lion s share of the singles market 38 5 in 2012 259 Track listing EditDigital download 260 No TitleLength1 Gangnam Style 강남스타일 3 39 Digital download 2 Legit 2 Quit Mashup 261 No TitleLength1 Gangnam Style 2 Legit 2 Quit Mashup featuring MC Hammer 3 57 Digital download Remix EP 262 No TitleLength1 Gangnam Style 강남스타일 featuring 2 Chainz and Tyga Diplo Remix 3 252 Gangnam Style 강남스타일 Afrojack Remix 6 053 Gangnam Style 강남스타일 Afrojack Remix Instrumental 3 254 Gangnam Style 강남스타일 Instrumental 3 39Total length 16 34 CD singleNo TitleLength1 Gangnam Style 강남스타일 3 392 Gangnam Style 강남스타일 Music Video 4 13Total length 7 52Accolades and records EditAwards and nominations Edit Year Ceremony Award Result Ref 2012 MTV Europe Music Awards Best Video Won 263 American Music Awards New Media Honoree Won 264 Mnet Asian Music Awards Best Music Video Won 265 Song of the Year Won 265 4Music Video Honours Best Video Nominated 266 Melon Music Awards Song of the Year Won 267 Capricho Awards Internet Viral do ano Viral of the Year Won 268 2013 People s Choice Awards Favorite Music Video Nominated 269 Golden Disk Awards Digital Daesang Grand Prize in Digital Releasing Won 270 NRJ Music Awards Chanson Internationale de l annee International Song of the Year Won 271 Clip de l annee Music Video of the Year WonNME Awards Best Dancefloor Anthem Nominated 272 Korean Music Awards Song of the Year Won 273 Best Dance amp Electronic Song Nominated 274 Kids Choice Awards Favorite Song Nominated 275 Billboard Music Awards Top Streaming Song Video Won 276 Top Rap Song Nominated 277 Top Dance Song Nominated 278 2014 World Music Awards World s Best Song Won 279 World s Best Video Nominated 280 Music program awards South Korea Program Date 20 total Music Bank August 17 2012August 24 2012August 31 2012September 14 2012September 21 2012September 28 2012October 5 2012October 12 2012October 19 2012October 26 2012November 2 2012November 9 2012November 16 2012November 30 2012December 21 2012December 28 2012January 4 2013M Countdown August 23 2012August 30 2012September 6 2012Records attained Edit The song and its accompanying music video currently hold or have attained the following records Most viewed K pop video on YouTube 281 On September 1 2012 it overtook Gee by the 9 member K Pop idol group Girls Generation with 89 million views Most liked video on YouTube On September 13 2012 it overtook Party Rock Anthem by the American electro recording duo LMFAO upon receiving 1 57 million likes and subsequently won its first Guinness World Record one week later 281 282 First K pop song to top the UK Singles Chart On October 6 2012 the song reached number one of the UK singles chart and Psy became the first South Korean musician to achieve that feat 283 284 Most viewed video on YouTube On November 24 2012 it overtook Baby by the Canadian singer songwriter Justin Bieber after receiving more than 803 million views 285 First video in Internet history to be viewed more than a billion times 7 On December 21 2012 it acquired its billionth view at around 15 50 UTC 286 First video in Internet history to be viewed more than two billion times 287 On May 31 2014 it acquired its 2 billionth view 287 A second dance animation was added next to the view counter 288 They were removed in July 2014 289 Year end media picks Edit Gangnam Style was ranked No 25 on the Rolling Stone s 50 best songs of 2012 list 290 and No 8 on SPIN s 40 best songs of the year 291 The song also took the No 8 spot on the 2012 Billboard 20 best K Pop songs list by Jeff Benjamin and Jessica Oak who commented the song stands out not only for its slick electronic production but also for its deeper critique on high class society 292 According to MTV s list of the 2012 best songs the song was ranked No 8 with MTV news staff James Montgomery s comment Gangnam is either the track we as a culture needed right now or the track we as a culture deserved 293 Time magazine chose it as the second best song of 2012 after Usher s Climax writing The YouTube meme a good natured mind bendingly catchy lampoon turned into a global obsession 294 295 The song was one of the best songs of the year on The New York Times pop critics list 296 and E Online s No 1 pick on the top 10 pop songs of 2012 list 297 Digital Spy ranked the song No 20 among the 20 best singles of the year 298 It was voted the 12th best single of 2012 by The Village Voice s 40th annual Pazz amp Jop critics poll 299 Music critic Robert Christgau placed Gangnam Style as the No 2 single on his 2012 Dean s List 300 The music video for Gangnam Style was chosen as the best music video of 2012 by Time Melissa Locker of the magazine wrote The catchy song paired with social satire and tongue in cheek vibe has spread so quickly it reminds us why videos are called viral The video has sparked an International dance craze and catapulted Psy to international super stardom 301 Rolling Stone also ranked the video No 1 on its The Best Music Videos of 2012 list saying The Korean auteur Psy conquered the world with his dress classy dance cheesy aesthetic blurring the line between parody and celebration 302 The video took No 4 position on the Digital Spy s list of 10 top pop music videos of the year 303 Miscellaneous Edit The music video came in first with 21 rating in the 2012 Billboard com s readers poll beating Where Have You Been by Rihanna 19 and Beauty and a Beat by Justin Bieber featuring Nicki Minaj 11 304 The song was the most popular song played on New Year s Eve and the most sung song on the day leaving Auld Lang Syne in second place for the first time since 2005 on karaoke company Lucky Voice s online service in the United Kingdom 305 306 CNN readers picked Gangnam Style as the eighth best song of 2012 307 The Week US edition ranked the song s global popularity at No 6 with the strapline Gangnam Style takes over the world on the 13 biggest pop culture moments of the year list 308 The phenomenon of the song and the video was also picked as one of the 2012 s most viral moments in music by Wendy Geller of Yahoo Music 309 and No 2 on the 2012 top 20 music moments list after Whitney Houston s death by Billboard being written If there s one meme song and face that has been truly inescapable in the second half of 2012 it s South Korean rapper Psy and his outrageous Gangnam Style 310 On December 1 2014 YouTube announced that Gangnam Style had exceeded the number of views that are possible to store using a 32 bit signed integer that being 2 147 483 647 231 1 or two billion As a result YouTube was forced to upgrade to using 64 bit integers to store view numbers with a maximum value of 9 223 372 036 854 775 807 263 1 or nine quintillion We never thought a video would be watched in numbers greater than a 32 bit integer but that was before we met Psy stated a YouTube spokesperson 311 312 With 132 beats per minute the song was momentarily forbidden in gyms in South Korea during the COVID 19 pandemic The country restricted music faster than 120 BPM to avoid Koreans feel energized by the tempo of music breath more heavily or sweat more intensely 313 Chart performance EditSouth Korea Edit Upon its release Gangnam Style was an enormous hit The song went straight to number one on the Gaon Singles Chart on the fourth week of July 2012 with 816 868 digital downloads 314 315 and spent five consecutive weeks at the top position of the chart tying it with IU s Good Day for the most weeks at number one single in the chart s history 316 In addition the song became the first place winner on various weekly chart shows such as M Countdown three straight weeks 317 and Music Bank a total of 16 weeks including a record 10 consecutive week 318 According to the Korea Music Content Industry Association Gangnam Style became the best selling song of 2012 in South Korea with 3 842 109 download sales 319 The song debuted at number six on the Billboard Korea K Pop Hot 100 for the week of July 28 2012 320 It then topped the chart the week after and remained at the summit for five consecutive weeks tying IU s record with You and I for the longest running number one song on the chart The record however was broken by Lee Seung gi s Return earned six weeks at the top spot from December 2012 to January 2013 321 322 323 Gangnam Style took number one spot on the 2012 Billboard K Pop Hot 100 year end chart 324 Oceania Edit In Oceania Gangnam Style was a huge success The single made its chart debut on the New Zealand Singles Chart at number 21 on September 3 2012 325 After two weeks the song reached in the top ten and the following week topped the chart becoming the first K pop song and the first foreign language song in three decades to achieve that feat since German band Nena s 99 Luftballons hit the top spot in March 1982 326 The song remained atop the chart for two consecutive weeks before being deposed from the top spot by One Direction s Live While We re Young After one week of the band s reign Gangnam Style regained its number one position and stayed at the top spot for a further four weeks tallying a total of six nonconsecutive weeks atop the chart The track was ranked in the top ten of the chart for 17 consecutive weeks before it fell to number 11 on the January 14 2013 chart 325 The song has been certified 4 Platinum with sales exceeding 60 000 by the Recording Industry Association of New Zealand RIANZ 327 Gangnam Style was the second biggest selling single of 2012 in the country behind Carly Rae Jepsen s Call Me Maybe 328 In Australia the song debuted at number seven on the ARIA Singles Chart on September 17 2012 becoming the highest debut for the week It reached number one on the chart just three weeks after its release overtaking Battle Scars by Guy Sebastian featuring Lupe Fiasco and spent six consecutive weeks at the summit making it the second longest running chart topper for 2012 behind Flo Rida s Whistle remained at the pole position for seven weeks 329 330 As a result Psy became the first artist to reach number one on the chart with a foreign language song since Las Ketchup topped the chart with The Ketchup Song in September 2002 and the eighth overall In addition Gangnam Style was the first Korean song to enter the chart and to climb to the top spot in Australian chart history 331 After the single spent the first 14 weeks in the top ten of the chart since its chart debut it dropped to number 11 in its 15th week The song however rebounded from the position to number three on the issue date of December 31 2012 It descended to number 14 in its 18th week ending a 16 week in the top ten and out of the top 20 the following week placed at number 23 329 It has been certified 10 Platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association ARIA with sales exceeding 700 000 copies 332 Gangnam Style was placed at number two on the 2012 ARIA Singles year end chart behind Carly Rae Jepsen s Call Me Maybe 333 The song is currently the fourth best selling single in Australian music history Europe Edit In Europe the song was successful as well topping the charts in almost all countries Gangnam Style made its first European chart appearance entering the Danish Singles Chart at number 40 on August 3 2012 It reached the top ten in its fifth week and climbed to number four in its sixth 334 For the issue dated September 14 2012 the song became Psy s first number one on the chart ending the one week reign of the Danish rock band Nephew s Hjertestarter 334 The song remained at the top position for seven consecutive weeks tying it with Somebody That I Used to Know performed by Gotye featuring Kimbra for the longest running number one single on the chart for 2012 In its 24th week it climbed back to the top giving it its 8th week in that position The single spent 22 straight weeks in the top ten of the chart 334 In January 2013 the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry IFPI Denmark certified the single 2 Platinum denoting sales of 60 000 copies 335 The song entered the UK Singles Chart at number 196 on September 1 2012 and in its fourth week broke into the top 40 at number 37 336 337 In its fifth week the song reached the top five on the chart and eventually peaked at number one on the week of October 6 becoming the first ever K pop song to achieve that feat While the track only remained atop the chart for one week before being overtaken by Rihanna s Diamonds it spent a further 17 consecutive weeks in the top ten of the chart before it fell to number twelve on the January 26 2013 chart The song was the sixth biggest selling single of 2012 with 878 000 sales 338 and ranked at number 24 among the top 40 most streamed tracks of the year in the United Kingdom 339 According to Official Charts Company sales data Gangnam Style has become not only the 129th track to sell more than 1 million copies in the history of the UK s Official Singles Chart but also the first million seller by an Asian music star 340 On April 9 2013 the song became 13th most downloaded single of all time in the UK 341 Elsewhere in Europe the song also peaked at number one on the German Singles Chart for two non consecutive weeks in 2012 For the week of January 11 2013 it returned to the summit ending the ten consecutive week reign of Diamonds by Rihanna and spent a week at the top Psy s song remained in the top ten on the chart for a 19th straight week including 15 in the top three position since October 2012 342 It has been certified 5 Gold by the Bundesverband Musikindustrie BVMI denoting sales of 750 000 copies 343 In addition the single remained number one in Austria for four nonconsecutive weeks 344 Belgium Flanders for five consecutive weeks 345 Belgium Wallonia for seven straight weeks 346 Czech Republic for one week 347 Finland for four consecutive weeks 348 France for six non consecutive weeks 349 Italy for a week 350 the Netherlands for two consecutive weeks 351 Norway for four straight weeks 352 Scotland for a week 353 Spain for 12 consecutive weeks 354 and Switzerland for three nonconsecutive weeks 355 It additionally placed top five positions in Iceland Ireland and Sweden 356 357 and top ten in Hungary and Slovakia 358 359 North America Edit In the United States Gangnam Style debuted at number 64 the Billboard Hot 100 in the week of September 22 2012 with 61 000 downloads sold more than the total number of previous weeks 57 000 becoming the second K pop song to enter the chart behind the Wonder Girls Nobody which spent a week at number 76 on the October 31 2009 chart 360 The following week the song rocketed to number 11 on the chart with 188 000 downloads seeing a sales increase of 210 after Psy appeared on various TV shows such as The Ellen DeGeneres Show and NBC s Today 361 In its third week it rose to number two on the chart topping the Hot Digital Songs chart with a 60 increase to 301 000 downloads sold and climbing to number nine on On Demand Songs chart 362 After that the song peaked at the runner up spot for seven consecutive weeks behind Maroon 5 s One More Night failing to gain in enough radio audience to ascend to the summit although it ruled Hot Digital Songs for a fourth week and On Demand Songs for a fifth week during that period 363 While One More Night dominated the Radio Songs chart for eight weeks Gangnam Style peaked at just number 12 on the chart 364 For the week of November 24 the song dropped to number five on the Hot 100 despite leading in sales with 188 000 downloads 365 In its 12th week the single rebounded from number seven to number five with top Digital Gainer accolades spurred by Psy s show closing performance of the song with MC Hammer at the AMA The track returned for a sixth week atop Hot Digital Songs with 229 000 downloads sold including 41 000 stemmed from the duet version which mixed in Hammer s 1992 No 5 Hot 100 hit 2 Legit 2 Quit 366 It was the first song to spend six weeks at number one on the Digital Songs chart without reaching the top spot on the Hot 100 since Miley Cyrus s Party in the U S A in 2009 367 After the song stayed in the top ten of the Hot 100 for 11 consecutive weeks it dropped out of the top ten on the December 22 2012 chart falling from number 10 to number 11 368 The following week Gangnam Style descended to number 18 on the chart but achieved the milestone of 3 million downloads sold in the country becoming the first and only K pop song to reach the mark 369 For the week of January 12 2013 powered by consumers purchasing some of 2012 s most buzzworthy hits and radio airplay recounting the same in year end retrospectives the song resurged from number 19 to number six with its best weekly total 400 000 downloads sold returning to the Hot 100 s top ten after three weeks out of the top ten 370 The track dropped to number 14 in its 18th week ending a 12 week in the top 10 and number 22 in its 19th week despite staying in the top ten of Digital Songs chart with 192 000 and 105 000 copies sold respectively 371 372 On February 20 2013 Billboard and Nielsen announced the addition of U S YouTube video streaming data to its platforms which includes an update to the methodology for the Billboard Hot 100 chart Thanks to the change to reflect online video activity Gangnam Style rebounded from number 48 to number 26 on the Hot 100 for the week of March 2 2013 373 374 On October 11 2012 Billboard unveiled new methodology for the Hot Rap Songs chart including digital download sales and streaming data for the first time along with radio airplay audience impressions as measured by Nielsen BDS Due to this Gangnam Style soared from number 20 to number one on the October 20 2012 chart 375 The song spent eight consecutive weeks atop the chart before being overtaken by Flo Rida s I Cry After four weeks of his reign Gangnam Style regained its number one position in the week of January 12 2013 376 The track also peaked at number three on the Hot Dance Club Play Songs chart in the week of November 17 2012 377 The song was certified 4 Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America RIAA on April 19 2013 denoting digital download sales of 4 000 000 378 According to Nielsen SoundScan Gangnam Style became the 9th best selling song of 2012 in the United States with 3 592 000 download sales 379 In late January 2013 the song topped the 4 million mark in digital sales becoming the third comic novelty song to reach the mark following LMFAO s Sexy and I Know It and Cee Lo Green s Fuck You 380 In Canada Gangnam Style was a big hit just like the rest of the world The song entered the Canadian Hot 100 chart at number 71 on the week of September 8 2012 381 In its fourth week it reached in the top ten of the chart climbing to number three and the following week hit the pole position 382 The single spent seven consecutive weeks atop the chart making it the second longest running number one song of 2012 behind Maroon 5 s Payphone remained at the top for eight straight weeks 383 On the week of September 12 2012 the song debuted at number seven on the Top 20 Digital Tracks chart based on Nielsen SoundScan data 384 The following week it topped the chart and spent four weeks at the top spot before giving the summit to I Knew You Were Trouble by Taylor Swift 384 Gangnam Style however was back on top of the chart for the week of October 24 and grabbed the number one position for another four straight weeks tallying a total of eight nonconsecutive weeks atop the chart 384 On November 16 2012 the track was certified 4 Platinum by Music Canada and as of January 2013 had sold more than 476 000 copies in the country 385 iTunes Music Video Charts Edit On August 21 2012 Gangnam Style charted number one on the iTunes Music Video Charts overtaking Justin Bieber s As Long as You Love Me and Katy Perry s Wide Awake this feat was the first for any South Korean artist 386 From September 8 2012 to February 23 2013 the song has also peaked and stayed at number one on Billboard s YouTube Chart for 22 weeks until being surpassed by Stay by Rihanna for one week as of April 2013 it had reclaimed its top position for a 30th week 387 Charts EditWeekly charts Edit Weekly chart performance for Gangnam Style Chart 2012 13 PeakpositionAustralia ARIA 329 1Austria O3 Austria Top 40 344 1Belgium Ultratop 50 Flanders 345 1Belgium Dance Ultratop Flanders 345 1Belgium Ultratop 50 Wallonia 346 1Belgium Dance Ultratop Wallonia 346 1Brazil Hot 100 Airplay 10Brazil Hot Pop Songs 388 1Bulgaria IFPI 389 1Canada Canadian Hot 100 390 1China Baidu 500 391 1CIS TopHit 392 7Colombia National Report 393 3Czech Republic Radio Top 100 347 1Denmark Tracklisten 334 1Europe Euro Digital Songs 394 1Finland Suomen virallinen lista 348 1France SNEP 349 1Germany Official German Charts 342 1Greece Digital Songs Billboard 395 1Honduras Honduras Top 50 396 1Hungary Dance Top 40 397 3Hungary Radios Top 40 358 6Ireland IRMA 356 2Israel Media Forest 398 1Italy FIMI 350 1Japan Japan Hot 100 382 20Lebanon Lebanese Top 20 399 1Luxembourg Billboard 400 1Mexican Airplay Chart Billboard 401 1Mexico Monitor Latino 402 1Netherlands Dutch Top 40 403 1Netherlands Single Top 100 351 1New Zealand Recorded Music NZ 325 1Norway VG lista 352 1Peru UNIMPRO 404 1Poland Top 5 Video Airplay 405 1Poland Dance Top 50 406 6Portugal Digital Songs Billboard 407 1Romania Romanian Top 100 408 42Russia 2M 409 1Russia Airplay TopHit 410 9Scotland OCC 353 1Slovakia Radio Top 100 359 7Slovenia SloTop50 411 42South Korea Gaon 314 1South Korea K pop Hot 100 14 1Spain PROMUSICAE 354 1Sweden Sverigetopplistan 357 2Switzerland Schweizer Hitparade 355 1UK Singles OCC 284 1US Billboard Hot 100 412 2US Mainstream Top 40 Billboard 413 10US Hot Rap Songs Billboard 414 1US Dance Club Songs Billboard 377 3US Hot Dance Electronic Songs Billboard 415 4Venezuela Top 100 Record Report 416 47 Year end charts Edit 2012 year end chart performance for Gangnam Style Chart 2012 PositionAustralia ARIA 333 2Austria O3 Austria Top 40 417 13Belgium Ultratop 50 Flanders 418 7Belgium Ultratop 40 Wallonia 419 10Canada Canadian Hot 100 420 37Denmark Hitlisten 421 3Finland Suomen virallinen lista 422 5France SNEP 423 4Germany Media Control AG 424 8Hungary Dance Top 40 425 39Hungary Radios Top 40 426 54Iceland Tonlist 427 25Israel Media Forest Radio Airplay 428 31Italy FIMI 429 13Netherlands Dutch Top 40 430 13Netherlands Mega Single Top 100 431 5New Zealand NZ Top 40 Chart 328 2Poland ZPAV 432 4Russia 2M Top 25 Digital Tracks 433 6Russia Airplay Tophit 434 65South Korea K pop Hot 100 324 1Spain PROMUSICAE Top 50 Canciones 435 13Sweden Sverigetopplistan 436 18Switzerland Schweizer Hitparade 437 10UK Singles Official Charts Company 338 6US Billboard Hot 100 438 47US World Digital Songs Billboard 439 1Worldwide IFPI 440 32013 year end chart performance for Gangnam Style Chart 2013 PositionAustralia ARIA 441 90Austria O3 Austria Top 40 442 36Belgium Ultratop 50 Flanders 443 41Belgium Ultratop 50 Wallonia 444 15Canada Canadian Hot 100 445 47Denmark Tracklisten 446 37Finland Suomen virallinen lista 447 18Germany Media Control AG 448 31Hungary Dance Top 40 449 58Netherlands Dutch Top 40 450 121Netherlands Single Top 100 451 98South Korea K pop Hot 100 452 16Sweden Sverigetopplistan 453 48Switzerland Schweizer Hitparade 454 20UK Singles Official Charts Company 455 49US Billboard Hot 100 456 55US Dance Electronic Songs Billboard 457 16US Hot Rap Songs Billboard 458 11US World Digital Songs Billboard 459 12014 year end chart performance for Gangnam Style Chart 2014 PositionUS Streaming Songs Billboard 460 14US Dance Electronic Streaming Songs Billboard 461 2US Dance Electronic Digital Songs Billboard 462 46US Rap Streaming Songs Billboard 463 4US World Digital Songs Billboard 464 22015 year end chart performance for Gangnam Style Chart 2015 PositionUS Streaming Songs Billboard 465 24US Rap Streaming Songs Billboard 466 9US World Digital Songs Billboard 467 3Decade end charts Edit 2010s end chart performance for Gangnam Style Chart 2010 2019 PositionAustralia ARIA 468 17Germany Official German Charts 469 49Sales and certifications EditCertifications and sales for Gangnam Style Region Certification Certified units salesAustralia ARIA 470 10 Platinum 700 000 Austria IFPI Austria 471 2 Platinum 60 000 Belgium BEA 472 2 Platinum 60 000 Canada Music Canada 473 4 Platinum 502 000 385 Denmark IFPI Danmark 474 Platinum 30 000 Finland Musiikkituottajat 475 Gold 9 025 475 France 348 000 476 Germany BVMI 477 5 Gold 750 000 Italy FIMI 478 3 Platinum 90 000 Japan RIAJ 479 Gold 100 000 New Zealand RMNZ 327 4 Platinum 60 000 South Korea Gaon 4 041 000 480 Spain PROMUSICAE 481 Platinum 40 000 Sweden GLF 482 4 Platinum 160 000 Switzerland IFPI Switzerland 483 3 Platinum 90 000 United Kingdom BPI 485 2 Platinum 1 300 000 484 United States RIAA 486 5 Platinum 5 000 000 United States RIAA 487 Video Single 5 Platinum 250 000 Sales figures based on certification alone Shipments figures based on certification alone Sales streaming figures based on certification alone Release history EditRelease dates for Gangnam Style Country Date Format LabelSouth Korea 488 July 15 2012 Digital download YG EntertainmentArgentina 489 September 4 2012 Schoolboy Universal Republic RecordsAustralia 490 Austria 491 Brazil 492 Czech Republic 493 Denmark 494 United Kingdom 495 United States 496 September 6 2012Canada 497 Mexico 498 Germany October 15 2012 CD single enhanced United States 499 November 19 2012 Digital remix single Universal Republic Records Oppa Is Just My Style Edit Oppa Is Just My Style Single by Hyuna and PsyReleasedAugust 14 2012 2012 08 14 500 LabelYG Universal RepublicSongwriter s Yoo Gun Hyung PsyProducer s Yang Hyun seokHyuna single singles chronology Trouble Maker 2011 Oppa Is Just My Style 2012 Ice Cream 2012 Music video Oppa Is Just My Style on YouTubeOppa Is Just My StyleHangul오빤 딱 내 스타일Revised RomanizationOppan Ttag Nae SeutailMcCune ReischauerOppan Ttak Nae Sŭt ail Gangnam Style was officially re released on August 14 2012 as Oppa Is Just My Style Korean 오빤 딱 내 스타일 featuring additional vocals provided by Korean singer and 4Minute member Hyuna Mallika Rao of The Huffington Post wrote that the video was apparently retrofitted here to work from a woman s point of view but the main difference we re spotting is less invisible horse riding and more sultry side eyeing 501 As of January 2021 update the accompanying music video had received more than 784 million views 2 6 million likes and 520 000 dislikes on YouTube 502 See also Edit South Korea portalGangnam Style in popular culture World Digital Song Sales List of best selling singles List of best selling singles in Australia List of best selling singles in South Korea List of best selling singles in the United States List of million selling singles in the United Kingdom List of top hit singles Youtube 100 References Edit Fisher Max Visual music How Gangnam Style exploited Electrohuse secret strength and overcame its biggest weakness The Washington Post Retrieved November 11 2012 Cochrane Greg January 10 2012 Gangnam Style the UK s first K pop number one BBC Retrieved November 11 2012 Gangnam Style Sees Veteran Singer Psy Leapfrog K Pop Bands The Chosun Ilbo August 13 2012 Retrieved June 13 2015 Wood Mikael December 31 2012 Psy threatens to retire Gangnam Style on New Year s Eve Los Angeles Times Retrieved June 13 2015 Psy Gangnam Style kẻ tam thần một lần vụt sang rồi chợt tắt ZingNews vn in Vietnamese November 27 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London Retrieved September 27 2012 Myers Robert September 13 2012 New on the Hot 100 This Week Taylor Swift s Ronan PSY s Gangnam Style and More The Village Voice Archived from the original on September 17 2012 Retrieved September 14 2012 Gangnam Style Sees Veteran Singer Psy Leapfrog K Pop Bands The Chosun Ilbo August 13 2012 Retrieved October 12 2012 Cho Chung un September 17 2012 Hallyu can help spread Korean minister The Korea Herald Retrieved October 12 2012 Oh Young jin October 2 2012 Coming out on Psy The Korea Times Retrieved October 12 2012 違和感しかない 韓流歌手PSY 江南スタイル 日本デビュー無期限延期の裏事情 Yahoo Japan October 10 2012 Archived from the original on October 13 2012 Retrieved October 12 2012 a b Chinese embrace Gangnam Style Japanese kept in the dark The Dong a Ilbo October 6 2012 Retrieved October 22 2012 Takaku Jun Maybe not yet big in Japan but Psy already a sensation in the U S Asahi Shimbun Archived from the original on November 18 2012 Retrieved November 15 2012 Ho Erica October 15 2012 Gangnam Style Is Japan Immune to PSY Mania Time Retrieved November 15 2012 Psy says Gary is to blame for the explicit lyrics in his album Allkpop Retrieved October 12 2012 PSY Releases MV for Gangnam Style Soompi Retrieved October 14 2012 Stawski Simon and Martina July 23 2012 Psy Gangnam Style Kpop Music Monday Eatyourkimchi Archived from the original on August 13 2020 Retrieved October 12 2012 K pop diplomacy South Korea s soft power goes Gangnam Style Al Jazeera Archived from the original on March 2 2013 Retrieved October 12 2012 The Stream K pop diplomacy Al Jazeera Archived from the original on November 2 2021 Retrieved October 12 2012 Justin Bieber to record US version of Psy s Gangnam Style MediaCorp Interactive August 14 2012 Archived from the original on November 23 2012 Retrieved September 14 2012 While the music video has been viewed over 28 million times on video sharing site YouTube and has been praised for its catchy rhythm as well as its wacky horse dance not everyone is impressed his detractors have labelled his music vulgar Mahdawi Arwa September 24 2012 What s so funny about Gangnam Style The Guardian Retrieved October 19 2012 From Korean pop music to skydiving to Earth not your typical diplomatic meetings for UN Secretary General United Nations October 24 2012 Retrieved November 22 2013 Bellini Jerrett October 15 2012 Apparently This Matters R I P Gangnam Style CNN Retrieved October 19 2012 Gangnam Style is the latest craze to sweep across dancefloors News com au September 22 2012 Retrieved November 25 2012 McKenzie David December 17 2012 Gangnam Migration Regression Discontinuity Impacts of Migrating to Korea World Bank Retrieved December 17 2012 Johnson Space Center Pathways Interns Create Gangnam Style Parody NASA Retrieved December 18 2012 Locker Melissa August 22 2012 WATCH Psy Brings Gangnam Style to Dodger Stadium Time Retrieved September 26 2012 Rapper living Gangnam Style goes viral CNN August 3 2012 Dank Katy Perry US Erfolg fur koreanischen Sanger Psy Der Spiegel in German Spiegel Verlag August 24 2012 Retrieved September 26 2012 Judkis Marua August 23 2012 Gangnam Style s invisible horse dance craze Giddyup The Washington Post Retrieved September 27 2012 Knopper Steve September 5 2012 On the Charts Gangnam Style Is All the Rage Rolling Stone Retrieved October 13 2012 Fekadu Mesfin August 23 2012 Viral clip gives Korea s PSY a pop culture moment Huffington Post Associated Press Archived from the original on August 27 2012 Retrieved October 19 2012 Buchanan Matt Ellis Scott August 28 2012 Hit video may have a subversive message The Sydney Morning Herald Retrieved September 14 2012 This is an almost Dada esque series of vignettes that make no sense at all to most Western eyes Psy spits in the air while a child breakdances sings to horses strolls through a hurricane that shoots whipped cream in his face there s sic explosions a disco bus he rides a merry go round dances on boats beaches in car parks and in elevators and generally makes you wonder if you have accidentally taken someone else s medication Netburn Deborah August 28 2012 Gangnam Style live New Psy video blows up on YouTube Los Angeles Times Retrieved September 26 2012 I think we can all agree that K Pop singer Psy s music video Gangnam Style is one of the greatest videos ever to be uploaded to YouTube a b Fisher Max August 23 2012 Gangnam Style Dissected The Subversive Message Within South Korea s Music Video Sensation The Atlantic Atlantic Media Company Retrieved September 17 2012 Invisible Horse Dance The Business of Gangnam Style Knowledge Wharton High School University of Pennsylvania September 27 2012 Retrieved October 4 2012 The signature move of the video has been called the invisible horse dance because it mimics a bouncing riding movement with hand gestures of alternating holding reigns and lassoing a b c d e Garibaldi Christina September 17 2012 Psy Breaks Down Greatest Assets of Gangnam Style MTV News Retrieved October 3 2012 a b c d e f g Knopper Steve September 14 2012 Breaking down Psy s Gangnam Style Rolling Stone Retrieved September 19 2012 Hong Grace Danbi May 8 2013 Fujii Mina to be Shinhwa s Lady in This Love MV enewsWorld CJ E amp M Archived from the original on June 6 2013 Retrieved May 8 2013 a b The Ellen DeGeneres Show September 10 2012 Surprise Britney Learns Gangnam Style from Psy YouTube YouTube Archived from the original on November 2 2021 Retrieved September 14 2012 Surh Jung min August 8 2012 Gangnam style goes viral The Hankyoreh Hankyoreh Newspaper Corp Retrieved August 10 2012 a b c d e Ramstad Evan August 3 2012 What s Up with the Gangnam Style Video The Wall Street Journal Retrieved August 10 2012 There s No Gangnam Seen in Psy s Gangnam Style MV KpopStarz September 12 2012 Retrieved September 12 2012 안종훈 August 23 2012 싸이 강남스타일 뮤직비디오 촬영지 인기 Nocutnews in Korean Retrieved November 3 2012 Who s the dancing kid in Psy s Gangnam Style MV AllKpop com August 29 2012 Retrieved September 14 2012 Lee Sungeun Little Psy 7 Grabs Gangnam Style Spotlight ABC News Retrieved November 25 2012 a b Ramstad Evan August 6 2012 Gangnam Style Video Brings Attention to Fan Reaction Videos Too The Wall Street Journal Retrieved September 20 2012 a b c d Ramstad Evan September 7 2012 Canadians in South Korea fund expansion of popular website The Wall Street Journal Retrieved September 12 2012 Words cannot even describe how amazing this video is Reddit Archived from the original on June 30 2014 Retrieved November 26 2012 a b T Pain Robbie Williams Josh Groban and Gawker Show Love for Psy s Gangnam Style Soompi com August 1 2012 Retrieved September 16 2012 Trying to Figure out which Tracks Stay on the Album RobbieWilliams com Archived from the original on October 24 2012 Retrieved September 30 2012 Unohtakaa Macarena tassa tulee hevostanssi Iltasanomat in Finnish Sanoma News July 28 2012 Archived from the original on August 30 2012 Retrieved September 17 2012 T Pain Words cannot even describe how amazing this video is Twitter Archived from the original on May 26 2013 Retrieved November 26 2012 a b Zimmerman Neetzan July 30 2012 Did This Underground Hip Hop Artist from South Korea Just Release the Best Music Video of the Year Gawker Gawker Media Archived from the original on October 15 2012 Retrieved September 16 2012 Sullivan Andrew August 1 2012 Mental Health Break The Daily Beast Archived from the original on November 14 2012 Retrieved October 1 2012 Rapper living Gangnam Style goes viral CNN August 3 2012 Retrieved September 29 2012 katyperry August 21 2012 Help I m in a gangnam style k hole Tweet Retrieved September 30 2012 via Twitter a b PSY Recreates His Gangnam Style Video with Carrie and Jason Big Morning Buzz Live August 22 2012 VH1 Archived from the original on October 6 2012 Retrieved September 27 2012 Charts Music YouTube Most viewed videos week of August 28 2012 YouTube Retrieved September 14 2012 Popularity of Psy s Gangnam Style Analyzed Realistically KpopStarz September 2 2012 Retrieved October 4 2012 Allocca Kevin September 12 2012 YouTube Trends Gangnam Style vs Call Me Maybe A Popularity Comparison YouTube Trends YouTube Retrieved September 14 2012 Psy s Gangnam Style most viewed video on YouTube Yonhap News Agency Retrieved November 25 2012 T Pain Words cannot even describe how amazing this video is Twitter Retrieved November 12 2012 Day Lara September 12 2012 Gangnam Style s Psy Appears on Ellen Schools Britney Spears The Wall Street Journal Retrieved September 21 2012 Tom Cruise Considering Psy as a Future Co Star Mnet CJ E amp M Corporation September 5 2012 Archived from the original on September 9 2012 Retrieved September 21 2012 Gordon Levitt Joseph hitRECordJoe September 20 2012 EndlessGangamStyle Again AndAgain Tweet Retrieved September 25 2012 via Twitter Dayal Geeta December 15 2012 William Gibson on Punk Rock Internet Memes and Gangnam Style Wired Retrieved December 20 2012 How Gangnam Style Went Viral The Wall Street Journal August 8 2012 Retrieved October 2 2012 Jurgensen John Gangnam Mania The Wall Street Journal Retrieved September 28 2012 Hicap Jonathan M September 24 2012 Guinness World Records Declares Gangnam Style as Most Liked Video in YouTube History Manila Bulletin Manila Bulletin Publishing Archived from the original on September 27 2012 Retrieved October 1 2012 Gruger William December 18 2012 Gangnam Style Leads YouTube s Top Trending Videos of 2012 Billboard Retrieved December 24 2012 Gangnam Style hits one billion views on YouTube BBC December 21 2012 Retrieved December 24 2012 Choi Ji Ye April 6 2013 싸이 강남스타일 유튜브 15억뷰 27일만에 1억 추가 mydaily Retrieved April 6 2013 Top 1000 Most Viewed YouTube Videos of All Time YouTube Retrieved April 15 2022 PSY GANGNAM STYLE 강남스타일 M V YouTube Retrieved January 17 2018 Kim Yoon mi August 25 2012 K pop s SNS explosion AsiaOne Singapore Press Holdings Retrieved August 25 2012 Psy Signs to Scooter Braun s Label Will Appear at MTV VMAs Billboard Retrieved September 12 2012 Khan Ujala Ali August 28 2012 South Korean meme Gangnam Style gets 59 million hits on YouTube The National Abu Dhabi Retrieved September 17 2012 Charlton Emma Psy says Gangnam Style not his success Agence France Presse Retrieved November 6 2012 Psy lands top honour in South Korea Toronto Sun November 6 2012 Retrieved November 6 2012 2012 Top Quotes From Binders Full of Women to Gangnam Style NBC Miami Associated Press Retrieved December 9 2012 Yang Jun Shin Saeromi Gangnam Style Link Spurs DI Surge Chart of the Day Bloomberg Retrieved October 18 2012 Saadeh Ramy Short Selling the Gangnam Style Seeking Alpha Retrieved October 18 2012 Ban Ki Moon Dances to Gangnam Style with Psy VIDEO The Huffington Post UK October 24 2012 Retrieved October 24 2012 Davies Lizzy October 24 2012 Rapper Psy brings Gangnam Style horseplay to United Nations The Guardian London Retrieved October 24 2012 MnetAmerica August 20 2012 Official Mnet Koreaboo Gangnam Style Psy Flash Mob Video YouTube Archived from the original YouTube on August 21 2012 Retrieved September 14 2012 A Prince in Vegas and Gangnam Style Radio National Australian Broadcasting Corporation September 2 2012 Retrieved September 14 2012 Oldenburg Ann September 12 2012 Korea s Psy teaches Britney Spears his Gangnam Style Chicago Sun Times Archived from the original on October 24 2014 Retrieved September 14 2012 a b Seoul shows its Gangnam Style Euronews October 7 2012 Archived from the original on March 4 2016 Retrieved October 21 2012 a b Mass Gangnam Style Performance Breaks Indonesian Records Jakarta Globe October 15 2012 Retrieved October 21 2012 Mack Eric October 12 2012 Gangnam Style flash mob of 9000 strong storms Sicily CNET Archived from the original on October 14 2012 Retrieved October 21 2012 a b Largest flash mob for Gangnam Style gathers 20 000 people in Milan Italy Koreaboo Archived from the original on October 29 2013 Retrieved November 22 2013 a b Psy draws thousands to Gangnam Style Paris flashmob France 24 Archived from the original on November 8 2012 Retrieved November 5 2012 15 000 People Do PSY s Gangnam Style Dance During Flash Mob in Rome Capital FM Retrieved November 12 2012 United Nations Friday fun Ban Ki moon relinquishes title of most famous Korean to psy oppa singer of Gangnam Style Twitter Retrieved October 20 2012 UNICEF Congrats to Novak Djokovic DjokerNole on winning the China Open and celebrating with Gangnam Style dance Twitter Retrieved October 26 2012 NASA It s NASA Johnson Style NASA Twitter Retrieved December 14 2012 Daily Press Briefing October 3 2012 Washington D C U S State Department October 3 2012 Retrieved October 5 2012 Video Daily Press Briefing October 3 2012 U S State Department October 3 2012 Archived from the original on October 7 2016 Retrieved October 5 2012 Gag me with the Gangnam jokes Foreign Policy Retrieved October 19 2012 a b Kneezle Sarah October 19 2012 Eton Students Give Gangnam Style an Old School Makeover Time Retrieved October 19 2012 Judge Sang Hyun Song International Criminal Court Rule of law Security Council 6849th meeting United Nations Retrieved October 19 2012 Boris Johnson David Cameron and I have danced Gangnam style The Daily Telegraph London October 9 2012 Archived from the original on October 10 2012 Retrieved October 9 2012 Pham Alex Google CEO Larry Page Calls PSY s Gangnam Style a Glimpse of The Future Billboard Archived from the original on October 21 2012 Retrieved October 19 2012 O Dair Barbara In Case You Missed It Gangam Style Goes Gangbusters Reader s Digest Archived from the original on November 15 2012 Retrieved October 12 2012 Neal Dave October 18 2012 Swype for Android gets an updated beta can dance Gangnam style The Inquirer Archived from the original on October 20 2012 Retrieved October 18 2012 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint unfit URL link Fendrich Howard GANGNAM STYLE OBAMA STYLE Associated Press Retrieved November 22 2013 Johnson Luke November 6 2012 Obama on Gangnam Style I Think I Can Do That Move Huffington Post Retrieved November 6 2012 Tau Bryon Obama I can do Gangnam Style dance Politico Retrieved November 6 2012 Barack Obama s Gangnam Style Yes I Can Do That Dance Billboard Retrieved November 6 2012 Maori take on Gangnam Style in Korea 3 News NZ November 30 2012 Archived from the original on January 12 2013 SRITRAIPOP BOONCHU Ghost Festival themed Gangnam Style video offends Loei villagers The Nation Retrieved November 8 2012 Navy Gangnam Style makes choppy waves Bangkok Post The Post Publishing October 1 2012 Retrieved October 1 2012 I m Yushin style in Korean Uriminzokkiri Archived from the original on September 23 2012 Retrieved September 27 2012 N Korea takes Gangnam Style shot at South politician The Straits Times August 20 2012 Retrieved September 20 2012 Kwon K J Mullen Jethro September 20 2012 North Korean video evokes Gangnam Style to taunt South Korean candidate CNN Retrieved September 25 2012 a b Ai Weiwei goes Gangnam Style with handcuffs Associated Press Archived from the original on January 20 2013 Retrieved October 25 2012 Foster Klug And Hyung Jin Kim February 24 2013 First female SKorean president faces NKorea crisis Yahoo News News yahoo com Retrieved February 25 2013 Anish Kapoor s Gangnam style youtube film for Ai WeiWei Amnesty International UK November 21 2012 Archived from the original on October 2 2013 Retrieved August 31 2013 Fisher Max Video Gangnam Style plus Tibetan independence plus bobblehead Xi Jinping The Washington Post Retrieved November 9 2012 Baillie Mike Going Gangnam Greenpeace Style Greenpeace Retrieved December 20 2012 South Korea picked as HQ of new U N Green Climate Fund CNBC Retrieved October 21 2012 dead link GCF Songdo Style by Psy Green Growth Korea Archived from the original on November 2 2021 Retrieved October 20 2012 Psy appears in video promoting S Korea s bid to host GCF Secretariat The Korea Times Retrieved October 20 2012 Press advisory Republic of Korea selected to host the Green Climate Fund PDF Green Climate Fund Archived from the original PDF on November 15 2012 Retrieved October 20 2012 a b Tina G Santos December 8 2012 DOH anticracker drive launched Gangnam style Philippine Daily Inquirer Retrieved December 28 2012 Sheila Crisostomo December 28 2012 Tugonon DOH chief dance Gangnam Style for anti firecracker drive The Philippine Star Retrieved December 28 2012 a b Aaron B Recuenco December 26 2012 Beware Of Gangnam Bomb Goodbye Bading Manila Bulletin Archived from the original on December 31 2012 Retrieved December 28 2012 Police fret over Gangnam Bomb firecracker GMA News December 27 2012 Retrieved December 28 2012 Fox Ben A lesson in pop culture via Guantanamo Associated Press Archived from the original on January 20 2013 Retrieved December 31 2012 More surprising still was the content quirky notes peppered with references to Howard Stern Fox News and the global video hit of South Korean singer Psy Dear Mr Warner he wrote I like this new song Gangnam Style I want to do the dance for you but cannot because of my shackles DYESS KOMICS Dyess Air Force Base Archived from the original on February 17 2013 Retrieved October 23 2012 Locker Melissa October 2 2012 WATCH Filipino Prisoners Go Gangnam Style Time Hernandez Brian Anthony October 1 2012 Prison Inmates Perform Gangnam Style in Pouring Rain Mashable Gangnam Style Cody Simpson Victoria Duffield and Crew YouTube September 14 2012 Archived from the original on September 20 2012 Retrieved September 21 2012 BIGBANG s Seungri Challenged PSY s Gangnam Style YouTube YouTube August 21 2012 Archived from the original on November 2 2021 Retrieved September 24 2012 Latino September 17 2012 Latino Despedida de solteiro Lacar Puxar Beijar YouTube Archived from the original YouTube on September 27 2012 Retrieved September 28 2012 Teens react to Gangnam Style YouTube August 19 2012 Archived from the original 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110 Gangnam Style YouTube YouTube Archived from the original on November 2 2021 Retrieved September 28 2012 Ballingall Alex September 27 2012 Gangnam Style parody by York University student goes viral Toronto Star Craggs Samantha October 3 2012 McMaster University goes Gangnam Style in video parody Canadian Broadcasting Corporation UIUC Physics Gangnam Style archived from the original on November 2 2021 retrieved May 19 2021 a b Laundry Lauren Berklee Alum s Gangnam Style Sparks Awkward Dartmouth amp Boston University Parody Videos BostInno Stanford University Flash Mob Gangnam Style Parody Official Version CNN October 15 2012 Archived from the original on November 21 2012 Retrieved November 24 2012 Larson Kathryn September 24 2012 U M Embraces Gangnam Style with Flash Mob CBSLocal Miriam Kramer NASA spoofs Gangnam Style video NBC News Retrieved December 18 2012 Hit Viral Song Goes NASA Style The Weather Channel December 18 2012 Archived from the original on December 21 2012 ESA We 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Style with 4 000 fans at MBS Yahoo Entertainment Yahoo Asia Pacific Pte Ltd Retrieved January 8 2013 Mok Opalyn February 11 2013 Psy wows crowd at Penang BN Chinese New Year party The Malaysian Insider Archived from the original on February 13 2013 Retrieved February 11 2013 Daniels Colin October 16 2012 Mel B dances Gangnam Style with Psy Digital Spy Retrieved April 30 2021 van den Broeke Leigh Matheson Matheson October 17 2012 Psy goes Gangnam Style with Wolverine and fans wait for hours to see his TV performance Herald Sun Retrieved October 17 2012 Psy draws thousands to Gangnam Style Paris flashmob Agence France Presse Retrieved August 1 2015 Brant Emma August 11 2012 Psy accepts record for YouTube Gangnam Style likes BBC Retrieved December 24 2012 Stefan Raab im Gangnam Style Psy versetzt Stefan in Schwingung in German Prosieben Archived from the original on November 17 2012 Retrieved December 24 2012 Wolkoff Carly November 12 2012 PSY Takes Over EMA 2012 with Army of Gangnam Style Clones MTV Retrieved November 18 2012 Psy garners three awards in France AsiaOne Archived from the original on June 11 2015 Retrieved January 30 2013 The singer enjoyed much publicity from the French media He walked the red carpet in a limousine with a group of beauties started his Gangnam Style there and led his performance and camera team inside the concert hall to finish his choreography on stage Fans got a taste of the PSY sensation in a Dance Cam Major League Baseball August 22 2012 Retrieved September 26 2012 officialpsy August 28 2012 PSY VH1 Morning Buzz Live with Carrie and Jason YouTube YouTube Archived from the original on November 2 2021 Retrieved September 17 2012 Who Was That VMA Surprise Guest Psy MTV News September 6 2012 Retrieved September 14 2012 Bleaney Rob September 13 2012 Britney Gangnam style Watch YouTube sensation PSY teach Britney how to ride the horse in multi million viewed viral Daily Mirror Retrieved September 14 2012 Britney Spears Learns Psy s 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January 1 2013 Retrieved January 1 2013 Wood Mikael December 31 2012 Psy threatens to retire Gangnam Style on New Year s Eve Los Angeles Times Retrieved January 1 2013 Psy performs Gangnam Style at Rio Carnival The Korea Herald February 10 2013 Retrieved February 18 2013 Chace Zoe Gangnam Style Three Reasons K Pop Is Taking Over The World NPR org NPR Retrieved December 3 2012 Korean pop rides Gangnam Style into U S music scene Reuters November 30 2012 Retrieved December 2 2012 Frances Moore s address to the International Anti Counterfeiting Forum Moscow International Federation of the Phonographic Industry Archived from the original on November 3 2012 Retrieved December 2 2012 Thomas David October 7 2012 South Korea a rough guide to Gangnam style The Daily Telegraph London Archived from the original on January 11 2022 Retrieved October 21 2012 Strum Beckie Lebanon rides out the Gangnam Style wave Daily Star Retrieved December 3 2012 Soutphommasane Tim October 8 2012 Gangnam points to our future Brisbane Times Retrieved October 8 2012 Sherwin Adam November 12 2012 Gangnam Style isn t a one off Major music industry report says future pop sensations will be YouTube driven globalised acts from Asia and South America The Independent London Retrieved November 12 2012 The South Korean government has announced that Psy s hit had brought in 13 4 million to the country s audio sector and promised a drive to export further examples of the country s burgeoning K Pop industry Services account surplus expected this year due to K pop Korea net Retrieved November 22 2012 Seabrook John Cultural technology and the making of K pop The New Yorker Retrieved December 3 2012 Carey Sean 2 Could Gangnam style be a game changer for the international music scene The Independent London Archived from the original on November 14 2012 Retrieved November 13 2012 Sherwin Adam November 12 2012 Gangnam Style isn t a one off Major music industry report says future pop sensations will be YouTube 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