fbpx
Wikipedia

List of Jewish Nobel laureates

February 17, 2023

Nobel Prizes have been awarded to over 900 individuals,[1] of whom at least 20% were Jews.[2] The number of Jews receiving Nobel prizes has been the subject of some attention.[3] Israeli academics Elay Ben-Gal and Yeshayahu Leibowitz began an encyclopedia of Jewish Nobel laureates, and have interviewed as many as possible about their life and work.[4]

Sign on Nobel Laureates Boulevard in Rishon LeZion saluting Jewish Nobel laureates

Jews have been recipients of all six awards. The first Jewish recipient, Adolf von Baeyer, was awarded the prize in Chemistry in 1905.

Jewish laureates Elie Wiesel and Imre Kertész survived the extermination camps during the Holocaust,[5] while François Englert survived by being hidden in orphanages and children's homes.[6] Others, such as Walter Kohn, Otto Stern, Albert Einstein, Hans Krebs and Martin Karplus had to flee Nazi Germany to avoid persecution.[7][8][9] Still others, including Rita Levi-Montalcini, Herbert Hauptman, Robert Furchgott, Arthur Kornberg, and Jerome Karle experienced significant antisemitism in their careers.[8][10]

Arthur Ashkin, a 96-year-old American Jew, was, at the time of his award, the oldest person to receive a Nobel Prize.[11][12]

Chemistry

Year Laureate Country Rationale
1905   Adolf von Baeyer[13][14][15][16] Germany "[for] the advancement of organic chemistry and the chemical industry, through his work on organic dyes and hydroaromatic compounds"[17]
1906   Henri Moissan[13][14][15][16][18] France "[for his] investigation and isolation of the element fluorine, and for [the] electric furnace called after him"[19]
1910   Otto Wallach[13][14][15][16] Germany "[for] his services to organic chemistry and the chemical industry by his pioneer work in the field of alicyclic compounds"[20]
1915   Richard Willstätter[13][14][15][16] Germany "for his researches on plant pigments, especially chlorophyll"[21]
1918   Fritz Haber[13][14][15][16][22] Germany "for the synthesis of ammonia from its elements"[23]
1943   George de Hevesy[13][14][15][16] Hungary "for his work on the use of isotopes as tracers in the study of chemical processes"[24]
1961   Melvin Calvin[13][14][15][16] United States "for his research on the carbon dioxide assimilation in plants"[25]
1962   Max Perutz[13][14][15][16][26] United Kingdom / Austria "for their studies of the structures of globular proteins"[27]
1972   Christian B. Anfinsen[13][16][28] United States "for his work on ribonuclease, especially concerning the connection between the amino acid sequence and the biologically active conformation"[29]
William Howard Stein[13][14][16] "for their contribution to the understanding of the connection between chemical structure and catalytic activity of the active centre of the ribonuclease molecule"[29]
1977   Ilya Prigogine[13][14][16][30] Belgium "for his contributions to non-equilibrium thermodynamics, particularly the theory of dissipative structures"[31]
1979 Herbert C. Brown[13][14][16][32] United States "for their development of the use of boron- and phosphorus-containing compounds, respectively, into important reagents in organic synthesis"[33]
1980   Paul Berg[13][14][16][34] United States "for his fundamental studies of the biochemistry of nucleic acids, with particular regard to recombinant-DNA"[35]
  Walter Gilbert[13][14][16] "for their contributions concerning the determination of base sequences in nucleic acids"[35]
1981   Roald Hoffmann[13][14][16] United States "for their theories, developed independently, concerning the course of chemical reactions"[36]
1982   Aaron Klug[13][14][16] United Kingdom "for his development of crystallographic electron microscopy and his structural elucidation of biologically important nucleic acid-protein complexes"[37]
1985   Jerome Karle[10][13][14][16][38][39] United States "for their outstanding achievements in developing direct methods for the determination of crystal structures"[40]
  Herbert A. Hauptman[8][13][14][16][41][42]
1986   John Polanyi[43] Polanyi's Nobel lecture upon receipt of the award was entitled "Some Concepts in Reaction Dynamics."[44] Hungary / Canada "for his work in chemical kinetics.[43]
1989   Sidney Altman[13][14][16] Canada / United States "for their discovery of catalytic properties of RNA"[45]
1992   Rudolph A. Marcus[13][14][16] United States "for his contributions to the theory of electron transfer reactions in chemical systems"[46]
1994   George Andrew Olah[47][13][16] Hungary "for his contribution to carbocation chemistry"[48]
1996   Harry Kroto[16][49] United Kingdom "for the discovery of fullerenes"[50]
1998   Walter Kohn[7][8][13][16][51] United States / Austria "for his development of the density-functional theory"[52]
2000   Alan J. Heeger[13][14][16][53] United States "for the discovery and development of conductive polymers"[54]
2004   Aaron Ciechanover[16][55][56] Israel "for the discovery of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation"[57]
  Avram Hershko[16][55] Hungary / Israel
  Irwin Rose[16][58][59] United States
2006   Roger D. Kornberg[55][60][61] United States "for his studies of the molecular basis of eukaryotic transcription"[62][63]
2008   Martin Chalfie[64] United States "for the discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein, GFP"[65]
2009   Ada Yonath[55] Israel "for studies of the structure and function of the ribosome"[66]
2011   Dan Shechtman[67] Israel "for the discovery of quasicrystals"[68]
2012   Robert Lefkowitz[69] United States "for studies of G-protein-coupled receptors"[70]
2013   Arieh Warshel[9][71] Israel "for the development of multiscale models for complex chemical systems"[72]
  Michael Levitt[9][71] United States / United Kingdom / Israel [73][74]
  Martin Karplus[9][71] United States / Austria [75]

Physiology or Medicine

Year Laureate Country Rationale
1908   Élie Metchnikoff[15][16][76] Russia "in recognition of their work on immunity"[77]
  Paul Ehrlich[15][16][76] Germany
1914   Robert Bárány[15][16][76] Austria-Hungary "for his work on the physiology and pathology of the vestibular apparatus"[78]
1922   Otto Fritz Meyerhof[15][16][76] Germany "for his discovery of the fixed relationship between the consumption of oxygen and the metabolism of lactic acid in the muscle"[79]
1930   Karl Landsteiner[15][16][76] Austria "for his discovery of human blood groups"[80]
1931   Otto Heinrich Warburg[15][16] Germany "for his discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme"[81]
1936   Otto Loewi[15][16][76] Austria "for their discoveries relating to chemical transmission of nerve impulses"[82]
1944   Joseph Erlanger[15][16][76][83] United States "for their discoveries relating to the highly differentiated functions of single nerve fibres"[84]
1945   Ernst Boris Chain[15][16][76] United Kingdom "for the discovery of penicillin and its curative effect in various infectious diseases"[85]
1946   Hermann Joseph Muller[15][16][76] United States "for the discovery of the production of mutations by means of X-ray irradiation"[86]
1947   Gerty Cori[16][76] United States "for their discovery of the course of the catalytic conversion of glycogen"[87]
1950   Tadeusz Reichstein[15][16][76] Switzerland / Poland "for their discoveries relating to the hormones of the adrenal cortex, their structure and biological effects"[88]
1952   Selman Waksman[15][16][76] United States "for his discovery of streptomycin, the first antibiotic effective against tuberculosis"[89]
1953   Hans Adolf Krebs[8][15][16][76] United Kingdom "for his discovery of the citric acid cycle"[90]
  Fritz Albert Lipmann[76] United States "for his discovery of co-enzyme A and its importance for intermediary metabolism"[90]
1958   Joshua Lederberg[15][16][76] United States "for his discoveries concerning genetic recombination and the organization of the genetic material of bacteria"[91]
1959   Arthur Kornberg[10][15][16][76] United States "for their discovery of the mechanisms in the biological synthesis of ribonucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic acid"[92]
1964   Konrad Emil Bloch[15][16][76][93] United States "for their discoveries concerning the mechanism and regulation of the cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism"[94]
1965   François Jacob[15][16][76] France "for their discoveries concerning genetic control of enzyme and virus synthesis"[95]
  André Michel Lwoff[15][16][76]
1967   George Wald[15][16][76] United States "for their discoveries concerning the primary physiological and chemical visual processes in the eye"[96]
1968   Marshall Warren Nirenberg[15][16][76] United States "for their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis"[97]
1969   Salvador Luria[15][16][76] United States / Italy "for their discoveries concerning the replication mechanism and the genetic structure of viruses"[98]
1970   Julius Axelrod[16][76] United States "for their discoveries concerning the humoral transmittors in the nerve terminals and the mechanism for their storage, release and inactivation"[99]
Bernard Katz[15][16][76] United Kingdom
1972   Gerald Edelman[16][76] United States "for their discoveries concerning the chemical structure of antibodies"[100]
1975   David Baltimore[16][76] United States "for their discoveries concerning the interaction between tumor viruses and the genetic material of the cell"[101]
  Howard Martin Temin[16][76]
1976   Baruch Samuel Blumberg[16][76] United States "for their discoveries concerning new mechanisms for the origin and dissemination of infectious diseases"[102]
1977   Rosalyn Sussman Yalow[16][34][76] United States "for the development of radioimmunoassays of peptide hormones"[103]
1978 Daniel Nathans[16][76] United States "for the discovery of restriction enzymes and their application to problems of molecular genetics"[104]
1980   Baruj Benacerraf[16][76] United States "for their discoveries concerning genetically determined structures on the cell surface that regulate immunological reactions"[105]
1982   John Vane[106] United States along with Sune Bergström and Bengt Samuelsson for "their discoveries concerning prostaglandins and related biologically active substances".[107]
1984   César Milstein[16][34][76] Argentina
 "for theories concerning the specificity in development and control of the immune system and the discovery of the principle for production of monoclonal antibodies"[108]
1985   Michael Stuart Brown[16][76] United States "for their discoveries concerning the regulation of cholesterol metabolism"[109]
  Joseph L. Goldstein[16][76]
1986   Stanley Cohen[16][34][76] United States "for their discoveries of growth factors"[110]
  Rita Levi-Montalcini[16][76][111] Italy
1988   Gertrude B. Elion[16][76] United States "for their discoveries of important principles for drug treatment"[112]
1989   Harold E. Varmus[16][34][76] United States "for their discovery of the cellular origin of retroviral oncogenes"[113]
1994   Alfred G. Gilman[16][76] United States "for their discovery of G-proteins and the role of these proteins in signal transduction in cells"[114]
  Martin Rodbell[16][76]
1997   Stanley B. Prusiner[16][76] United States "for his discovery of prions – a new biological principle of infection"[115]
1998   Robert F. Furchgott[8][16][76] United States "for their discoveries concerning nitric oxide as a signalling molecule in the cardiovascular system"[116]
2000   Paul Greengard[16][76] United States "for their discoveries concerning signal transduction in the nervous system"[117]
  Eric Kandel[16][76] United States / Austria
2002   Sydney Brenner[16][76] United Kingdom "for their discoveries concerning 'genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell death'"[118]
H. Robert Horvitz[16][76] United States
2004   Richard Axel[16][76][83][119] United States "for their discoveries of odorant receptors and the organization of the olfactory system"[120]
2006   Andrew Fire[76] United States "for his discovery of RNA interference – gene silencing by double-stranded RNA"[121]
2011 Ralph M. Steinman[67][76][122][123] Canada for "his discovery of the dendritic cell and its role in adaptive immunity"[124]
  Bruce Beutler[67][76][125] United States "for their discoveries concerning the activation of innate immunity"
2013 James E. Rothman[9][126][127] United States "for their discoveries of machinery regulating vesicle traffic, a major transport system in our cells"[128]
  Randy Schekman[9][126][127]
2017   Michael Rosbash United States "for their discoveries of molecular mechanisms controlling the circadian rhythm".[129]
2020   Harvey J. Alter United States "for the discovery of Hepatitis C virus".[130]
2021   David Julius United States "for their discoveries of receptors for temperature and touch".[131]

Physics

Year Laureate Country Rationale
1907   Albert A. Michelson[14][15][132] United States "for his optical precision instruments and the spectroscopic and metrological investigations carried out with their aid"[133]
1908   Gabriel Lippmann[14][15][132] France "for his method of reproducing colours photographically based on the phenomenon of interference"[134]
1921   Albert Einstein[14][15][132][135] Germany / Switzerland "for his services to Theoretical Physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect"[136]
1922   Niels Bohr[14][15][132][135] Denmark "for his services in the investigation of the structure of atoms and of the radiation emanating from them"[137]
1925   James Franck[14][132] Germany "for their discovery of the laws governing the impact of an electron upon an atom"[138]
  Gustav Hertz[14][15]
1943   Otto Stern[14][132] United States "for his contribution to the development of the molecular ray method and his discovery of the magnetic moment of the proton"[139]
1944   Isidor Isaac Rabi[14][15][132] United States "for his resonance method for recording the magnetic properties of atomic nuclei"[140]
1945   Wolfgang Pauli[132][141] Austria "for the discovery of the Exclusion Principle, also called the Pauli principle"[142]
1952   Felix Bloch[14][15][132] United States / Switzerland "for their development of new methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements and discoveries in connection therewith"[143]
1954   Max Born[14][15][132] United Kingdom "for his fundamental research in quantum mechanics, especially for his statistical interpretation of the wavefunction"[144]
1958   Ilya Frank[132][145] Soviet Union "for the discovery and the interpretation of the Cherenkov effect"[146]
  Igor Tamm[14][15][132][145][147]
1959   Emilio Gino Segrè[14][15][132] Italy "for their discovery of the antiproton"[148]
1960   Donald A. Glaser[14][15][132] United States "for the invention of the bubble chamber"[149]
1961   Robert Hofstadter[14][15][132] United States "for his pioneering studies of electron scattering in atomic nuclei and for his thereby achieved discoveries concerning the structure of the nucleons"[150]
1962   Lev Landau[14][15][132][145][151] Soviet Union "for his pioneering theories for condensed matter, especially liquid helium"[152][153]
1963   Eugene Wigner[132][154] United States "for his contributions to the theory of the atomic nucleus and the elementary particles, particularly through the discovery and application of fundamental symmetry principles"[155]
1965   Richard Feynman[14][15][132][156] United States "for their fundamental work in quantum electrodynamics, with deep-ploughing consequences for the physics of elementary particles"[157]
  Julian Schwinger[14][15][132]
1967   Hans Bethe[132] United States "for his contributions to the theory of nuclear reactions, especially his discoveries concerning the energy production in stars"[158]
1969   Murray Gell-Mann[14][15][132][159] United States "for his contributions and discoveries concerning the classification of elementary particles and their interactions"[160]
1971   Dennis Gabor[14][132] United Kingdom / Hungary "for his invention and development of the holographic method"[161]
1972   Leon Cooper[132][162][163] United States "for his jointly developed theory of superconductivity, usually called the BCS-theory"[164]
1973   Brian David Josephson[14] United Kingdom "for his theoretical predictions of the properties of a supercurrent through a tunnel barrier, in particular those phenomena which are generally known as the Josephson effect"[165]
1975   Aage Niels Bohr[166] Denmark "for the discovery of the connection between collective motion and particle motion in atomic nuclei and the development of the theory of the structure of the atomic nucleus based on this connection"[167]
  Ben Roy Mottelson[14][132]
1976   Burton Richter[14][132] United States "for his pioneering work in the discovery of a heavy elementary particle of a new kind"[168]
1978   Arno Allan Penzias[14][132] United States "for his discovery of cosmic microwave background radiation"[169]
1979   Sheldon Glashow[14][132] United States "for their contributions to the theory of the unified weak and electromagnetic interaction between elementary particles, including, inter alia, the prediction of the weak neutral current"[170]
  Steven Weinberg[14][132]
1981   Arthur Leonard Schawlow United States "for their contribution to the development of laser spectroscopy"[171]
1987   Karl Alexander Müller[132] Switzerland "for their important breakthrough in the discovery of superconductivity in ceramic materials"[172]
1988   Leon M. Lederman[14][34][132] United States "for the neutrino beam method and the demonstration of the doublet structure of the leptons through the discovery of the muon neutrino"[173]
Melvin Schwartz[14][132]
  Jack Steinberger[14][132]
1990   Jerome Isaac Friedman[132] United States "for his pioneering investigations concerning deep inelastic scattering of electrons on protons and bound neutrons, which have been of essential importance for the development of the quark model in particle physics"[174]
1992   Georges Charpak[132] France / Poland "for his invention and development of particle detectors, in particular the multiwire proportional chamber"[175]
1995   Martin Lewis Perl[132] United States "'for the discovery of the tau lepton' and 'for pioneering experimental contributions to lepton physics'"[176]
  Frederick Reines[132] "'for the detection of the neutrino' and 'for pioneering experimental contributions to lepton physics'"[176]
1996   David Morris Lee[47][132] United States "for their discovery of superfluidity in helium-3"[177]
  Douglas D. Osheroff[47]
1997   Claude Cohen-Tannoudji[132] France "for development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light"[178]
2000   Zhores Alferov[47][132] Russia "for developing semiconductor heterostructures used in high-speed- and optoelectronics"[179]
2003   Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov[132] Russia / United States "for pioneering contributions to the theory of superconductors and superfluids"[180]
  Vitaly Ginzburg[132] Russia
2004   David Gross[55][132][181] United States "for the discovery of asymptotic freedom in the theory of the strong interaction"[182]
H. David Politzer[132]
2005   Roy J. Glauber[132] United States "for his contribution to the quantum theory of optical coherence"[183]
2011   Adam Riess[67][132][184][185][186] United States "for the discovery of the accelerating expansion of the Universe through observations of distant supernovae"[187]
  Saul Perlmutter[67][132][188][189]
2012   Serge Haroche[190] France "for ground-breaking experimental methods that enable measuring and manipulation of individual quantum systems"[191]
2013   François Englert[6][9][192][193] Belgium "for the theoretical discovery of a mechanism that contributes to our understanding of the origin of mass of subatomic particles, and which recently was confirmed through the discovery of the predicted fundamental particle, by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at CERN's Large Hadron Collider"[194]
2016   J. Michael Kosterlitz[195] United Kingdom "for discoveries in condensed-matter physics that have transformed the understanding of matter that assumes strange shapes"
2017   Rainer Weiss[196] United States "for decisive contributions to the LIGO detector and the observation of gravitational waves"
  Barry Barish[197][198]
2018   Arthur Ashkin United States "'for groundbreaking inventions in the field of laser physics', in particular 'for the optical tweezers and their application to biological systems'"
2020   Roger Penrose[199][200] United Kingdom "for the discovery that black hole formation is a robust prediction of the general theory of relativity"
Andrea Ghez United States "for the discovery of a supermassive compact object at the centre of our galaxy"

Literature

Year Laureate Country Rationale
1910   Paul Heyse[47][201] Germany "as a tribute to the consummate artistry, permeated with idealism, which he has demonstrated during his long productive career as a lyric poet, dramatist, novelist and writer of world-renowned short stories"[202]
1927   Henri Bergson[201] France "in recognition of his rich and vitalizing ideas and the brilliant skill with which they have been presented"[203]
1958   Boris Pasternak[201] Soviet Union "for his important achievement both in contemporary lyrical poetry and in the field of the great Russian epic tradition"[204]
1966   Shmuel Yosef Agnon[201] Israel "for his profoundly characteristic narrative art with motifs from the life of the Jewish people"[205]
  Nelly Sachs[201] Sweden "for her outstanding lyrical and dramatic writing, which interprets Israel's destiny with touching strength"[205]
1976   Saul Bellow[201] United States "for the human understanding and subtle analysis of contemporary culture that are combined in his work"[206]
1978   Isaac Bashevis Singer[201] United States / Poland "for his impassioned narrative art which, with roots in a Polish-Jewish cultural tradition, brings universal human conditions to life"[207]
1981   Elias Canetti[201] United Kingdom "for writings marked by a broad outlook, a wealth of ideas and artistic power"[208]
1987   Joseph Brodsky[201] United States "for an all-embracing authorship, imbued with clarity of thought and poetic intensity"[209]
1991   Nadine Gordimer[201] South Africa "who through her magnificent epic writing has – in the words of Alfred Nobel – been of very great benefit to humanity"[210]
2002   Imre Kertész[201][211][212] Hungary "for writing that upholds the fragile experience of the individual against the barbaric arbitrariness of history"[213]
2004   Elfriede Jelinek[214] Austria "for her musical flow of voices and counter-voices in novels and plays that with extraordinary linguistic zeal reveal the absurdity of society's clichés and their subjugating power"[215]
2005   Harold Pinter[201][216] United Kingdom "who in his plays uncovers the precipice under everyday prattle and forces entry into oppression's closed rooms"[217]
2014   Patrick Modiano[218]

[219]

 France "for the art of memory with which he has evoked the most ungraspable human destinies and uncovered the life-world of the occupation"[220]
2016   Bob Dylan United States "for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition"
2020   Louise Glück United States "for her unmistakable poetic voice that with austere beauty makes individual existence universal."[221]

Economics

Year Laureate Country Rationale
1970   Paul Samuelson[222][223] United States "for the scientific work through which he has developed static and dynamic economic theory and actively contributed to raising the level of analysis in economic science"[224]
1971   Simon Kuznets[222][225] United States "for his empirically founded interpretation of economic growth which has led to new and deepened insight into the economic and social structure and process of development"[226]
1972   Kenneth Arrow[222][227] United States "for his pioneering contributions to general economic equilibrium theory and welfare theory"[228]
1973   Wassily Leontief[222] Russia / Germany / United States "for the development of the input-output method and for its application to important economic problems"[229]
1975   Leonid Kantorovich[222] Soviet Union "for his contributions to the theory of optimum allocation of resources"[230]
1976   Milton Friedman[222][227][231] United States "for his achievements in the fields of consumption analysis, monetary history and theory and for his demonstration of the complexity of stabilization policy"[232]
1978 Herbert A. Simon[222][233] United States "for his pioneering research into the decision-making process within economic organizations"[234]
1980 Lawrence Klein[222][233] United States "for the creation of econometric models and the application to the analysis of economic fluctuations and economic policies"[235]
1985   Franco Modigliani[222][223] Italy / United States "for his pioneering analyses of saving and of financial markets"[236]
1987   Robert Solow[222] United States "for his contributions to the theory of economic growth""[237]
1990 Harry Markowitz[222][233] United States "for their pioneering work in the theory of financial economics""[238]
Merton Miller[222][233]
1992   Gary Becker[222][233] United States "for having extended the domain of microeconomic analysis to a wide range of human behaviour and interaction, including nonmarket behaviour""[239]
1993   Robert Fogel[222][233] United States "for having renewed research in economic history by applying economic theory and quantitative methods in order to explain economic and institutional change"[240]
1994 John Harsanyi[222][233][241] Hungary "for their pioneering analysis of equilibria in the theory of non-cooperative games"[242]

 

Reinhard Selten[243] Germany
1997   Myron Scholes[222][233][244] Canada "for a new method to determine the value of derivatives"[245][246]
  Robert C. Merton[247] United States
2001   Joseph Stiglitz[222][233] "for their analyses of markets with asymmetric information"[248]
  George Akerlof[249] United States
2002   Daniel Kahneman[222][233] Israel / United States "for having integrated insights from psychological research into economic science, especially concerning human judgment and decision-making under uncertainty"[250]
2005   Robert Aumann[222][251] Israel / United States "for having enhanced our understanding of conflict and cooperation through game-theory analysis"[252]
2007   Leonid Hurwicz[222][253][254][255][256] United States / Poland "for having laid the foundations of mechanism design theory"[257]
  Eric Maskin[222][256][258] United States
  Roger Myerson[222][256]
2008   Paul Krugman[222][259] United States "for his analysis of trade patterns and location of economic activity"[260]
2009   Elinor Ostrom[261][262] United States "for her analysis of economic governance, especially the commons"[263]
2010   Peter Diamond[264][265] United States "for his analysis of markets with search frictions"[266]
2012   Alvin E. Roth[267] United States "for the theory of stable allocations and the practice of market design"[268]
2016   Oliver Hart[269] United States "contributions to contract theory"
2017   Richard Thaler[270] United States "contributions have built a bridge between the economic and psychological analyses of individual decision-making"
2018   William Nordhaus[271][272] United States "for integrating climate change into long-run macroeconomic analysis"[273]
2019   Michael Kremer[274] United States "for their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty"
2020   Paul Milgrom United States "for improvements to auction theory and inventions of new auction formats"[275]
2021   Joshua Angrist United States / Israel "for their methodological contributions to the analysis of causal relationships"[276]
2022   Ben Bernanke United States "for research on banks and financial crises"[277]
2022 Douglas Diamond[278]

Peace

Year Laureate Country Rationale
1911   Tobias Michael Carel Asser[279] Netherlands "Initiator of the Conferences on International Private Law at the Hague; Cabinet Minister; Lawyer"[280]
  Alfred Hermann Fried[281] Austria "Journalist; Founder of Die Friedenswarte"[280]
1968   René Cassin France "President of the European Court for Human Rights"[282]
1973   Henry A. Kissinger[283] United States "For the 1973 Paris agreement intended to bring about a cease-fire in the Vietnam War and a withdrawal of the American forces"[284][285]
1978   Menachem Begin[286] Israel "for the Camp David Agreement, which brought about a negotiated peace between Egypt and Israel"[287]
1986   Elie Wiesel[288] United States "Chairman of "The President's Commission on the Holocaust""[289]
1994   Yitzhak Rabin Israel "to honour a political act which called for great courage on both sides, and which has opened up opportunities for a new development towards fraternity in the Middle East."[290]
  Shimon Peres
1995   Joseph Rotblat Poland "for his efforts to diminish the part played by nuclear arms in international politics and, in the longer run, to eliminate such arms"[291]

Forced to decline prize

Boris Pasternak, a Russian Jew, who was awarded the 1958 prize for literature, initially accepted the award, but—after intense pressure from Soviet authorities—subsequently declined it.[292][293][294][295]

Jewish laureates per country

Below is a chart of all Jewish Nobel laureates per country (updated to 2022 laureates). Some laureates are counted more than once if have multiple citizenship.

Country Number of Jewish Nobel laureates
  United States 131
  United Kingdom 15
  Germany 13
  Israel 13
  France 10
  Russia/  Soviet Union 10
  Austria 10
  Poland 5
  Hungary 4
  Italy 4
  South Africa 4
  Switzerland 4
  Canada 3
  Denmark 3
  Belgium 2
  Argentina 1
  Sweden 1
  Netherlands 1

Nobel Laureates Boulevard

 
Monument and plaque honoring 2002 Economics Laureate Daniel Kahneman on Nobel Laureates Boulevard/Promenade in Rishon LeZion, Israel

The Israeli city of Rishon LeZion has an avenue dedicated to honoring all Jewish Nobel laureates. The street, called Tayelet Hatanei Pras Nobel (Nobel Laureates Boulevard/Promenade), has a monument with attached plaque for each Nobel laureate. The scientific adviser of the project was Prof. Israel Hanukoglu.[296]

See also

References

  1. ^ All Nobel Prizes
  2. ^
    • "A remarkable week for Jewish Nobelהש Prize winners". The Jewish Chronicle. October 10, 2013. Jews have won more than 20 per cent of the 850-plus prizes awarded, despite making up just 0.2 per cent of world's population.
    • "One-of-five Nobel Prize Laureates are Jewish". Israel High-Tech & Investment Report. December 2004. Retrieved 2010-02-15.
    • Silverman, Anav (October 0012). "Jews make up less than 0.32% of mankind". ynetnews.
    • Brooks, David (January 11, 2010). "The Tel Aviv Cluster". The New York Times. p. A23. Jews are a famously accomplished group. They make up 0.2 percent of the world population, but 54 percent of the world chess champions, 27 percent of the Nobel physics laureates and 31 percent of the medicine laureates. Jews make up 2 percent of the U.S. population, but 21 percent of the Ivy League student bodies, 26 percent of the Kennedy Center honorees, 37 percent of the Academy Award-winning directors, 38 percent of those on a recent Business Week list of leading philanthropists, 51 percent of the Pulitzer Prize winners for nonfiction.
    • Dobbs, Stephen Mark (October 12, 2001). "As the Nobel Prize marks centennial, Jews constitute 1/5 of laureates". J. The Jewish News of Northern California. Retrieved January 23, 2009. Throughout the 20th century, Jews, more so than any other minority, ethnic or cultural group, have been recipients of the Nobel Prize – perhaps the most distinguished award for human endeavor in the six fields for which it is given. Remarkably, Jews constitute almost one-fifth of all Nobel laureates. This, in a world in which Jews number just a fraction of 1 percent of the population.
    • Ted Falcon, David Blatner (2001). "28". Judaism for dummies. John Wiley & Sons. Similarly, because Jews make up less than a quarter of one percent of the world's population, it's surprising that over 20 percent of Nobel prizes have been awarded to Jews or people of Jewish descent.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
    • Lawrence E. Harrison (2008). The Central Liberal Truth: How Politics Can Change a Culture and Save It. Oxford University Press. p. 102. That achievement is symbolized by the fact that 15 to 20 percent of Nobel Prizes have been won by Jews, who represent two tenths of one percent of the world's population.
    • Jonathan B. Krasner, Jonathan D. Sarna (2006). The History of the Jewish People: Ancient Israel to 1880s America. Behrman House, Inc. p. 1. These accomplishments account for 20 percent of the Nobel Prizes awarded since 1901. What a feat for a people who make up only .2 percent of the world's population!{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
  3. ^ *Schuster, Ruth (2013-10-09). "Why do Jews win so many Nobels?". Retrieved 2018-03-17.
    • "Why have Jews won Nobel Prizes disproportionately? - Prof. Robert Aumann (Nobel Prize Economist)". YouTube. 2017-04-17. Retrieved 2018-03-17.
    • Pontz, Zach (2013-10-29). "Richard Dawkins Perplexed by High Number of Jewish Nobel Prize Winners". Algemeiner.com. Retrieved 2018-03-17.
    • "Jews rank high among winners of Nobel, but why not Israelis", J. The Jewish News of Northern California, October 25, 2002. "There are three central theories given for Jewish academic achievement, according to Shulamit Volkov, professor of history at Tel Aviv University and author of "The Magic Circle: Germans, Jews and Anti-Semites." The first theory says that Jews are cleverer than others, a theory dismissed by Volkov and other serious academics. The second theory, proposed first by an American sociologist in 1919, holds that because Jews were on the margins of society they were forced to excel. The third and more common explanation, says Volkov, states that generations of Jewish Orthodox learning later translated brilliantly into secular learning."
    • Noah Efron, "The Real Reason Why Jews Win So Many Nobel Prizes", Haaretz, October 21, 2013.
    • Mark Mietkiewicz, "Nobel Prize and the Jews", Canadian Jewish News, December 10, 2018.
    • Raphael Patai, The Jewish Mind, Wayne State University Press, 1996, pp. 339-371, 547-548.
  4. ^ "About Jewish Nobel Prize Winners". Beit Hatfutsot.
  5. ^ "Winfrey selects Wiesel's 'Night' for book club", Associated Press, January 16, 2006.
  6. ^ a b USC Shoah Foundation Institute testimony of Francois Englert - USHMM Collections Search, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum website. Retrieved October 13, 2013.
  7. ^ a b "Walter Kohn Autobiography". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 2011-10-19. They are dominated by my vivid recollections of 1 1/2 years as a Jewish boy under the Austrian Nazi regime... On another level, I want to mention that I have a strong Jewish identity and – over the years – have been involved in several Jewish projects, such as the establishment of a strong program of Judaic Studies at the University of California in San Diego.
  8. ^ a b c d e f Hargittai, István (2003). The Road to Stockholm: Nobel Prizes, Science, and Scientists. Oxford University Press. p. 111. ISBN 978-0-19-860785-4
  9. ^ a b c d e f g A remarkable week for Jewish Nobel Prize winnersThe Jewish Chronicle, October 10, 2013. "No less than six Jewish scientists were awarded Nobel Prizes this week... Belgian-born Francois Englert won the accolade in physics... Also this week, two American Jews were awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine [...] James Rothman and Randy Schekman... Meanwhile, three Jewish-American scientists, Arieh Warshel, Michael Levitt and Martin Karplus, shared the Nobel Prize in chemistry... Karplus [...] fled the Nazi occupation of Austria as a child in 1938.
  10. ^ a b c Hargittai, István (2003). The Road to Stockholm: Nobel Prizes, Science, and Scientists. Oxford University Press. p. 112. ISBN 978-0-19-860785-4
  11. ^ Hilary Brueck, "The world's oldest Nobel Prize winner, a 96-year-old physicist, says his new invention will give everyone in the world clean, cheap energy", Business Insider, January 26, 2019.
  12. ^ "The Latest: US scientist, 96, is oldest to win Nobel Prize", Associated Press, October 2, 2018.
  13. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w "Jewish Laureates of Nobel Prize in Chemistry". Israel Science and Technology Directory. Retrieved October 16, 2011.
  14. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av Wentzel Van Huyssteen (2003). Encyclopedia of Science and Religion, Volume 2. MacMillan Reference USA. p. 493.
  15. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at Feuer, Lewis Samuel (1995). Varieties of Scientific Experience: Emotive Aims in Scientific Hypotheses (citing Encyclopaedia Judaica). Transaction Publishers. p. 402. ISBN 978-1-56000-223-9
  16. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv J. Rogers Hollingsworth (2007), "High Cognitive Complexity and the Making of Major Scientific Discoveries", in Arnaud Sales, Marcel Fournier (eds.). Knowledge, Communication and CreativitySage Studies in International Sociology, SAGE, 2007, p. 136. ISBN 9780761943075
  17. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1905". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 2008-10-06.
  18. ^ Joan Comay; Lavinia Cohn-Sherbok (1995). Who's who in Jewish history: after the period of the Old Testament. Routledge. p. 264. ISBN 0-415-12583-9. Moissan, whose mother was Jewish, [...]
  19. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1906". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 2008-10-06.
  20. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1910". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 2008-10-06.
  21. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1915". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 2008-10-06.
  22. ^ Leroy, Francis (2003). A Century of Nobel Prizes Recipients: Chemistry, Rhysics, and Medicine. CRC Press. p. 28. ISBN 978-0-8247-0876-4
  23. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1918". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 2008-10-06.
  24. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1943". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 2008-10-06.
  25. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1961". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 2008-10-06.
  26. ^ Georgina Ferry (2008). Max Perutz and the secret of life. New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. p. 2. ISBN 978-0-7011-7695-2.
  27. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1962". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 2008-10-06.
  28. ^ "The Christian B. Anfinsen Papers Biographical Information". Profiles in Science. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved 2011-10-19.
  29. ^ a b "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1972". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 2011-10-19.
  30. ^
    • Radu Balescu. "Ilya Prigogine: His Life, His Work", in Stuart Alan Rice (2007). Special volume in memory of Ilya Prigogine, John Wiley and Sons. p. 2. "In the history of science, there are few examples of such a flashing and immense ascent as that of Ilya Prigogine (Fig. 1). The little Russian Jewish immigrant arrived in Brussels at the age of 12..."
    • Magnus Ramage, Karen Shipp (2009). Systems Thinkers. Springer. p. 277. "Prigogine was born in January 1917 in Moscow... His family 'had a difficult relationship with the new regime' (Prigogine 1977), being both Jewish and merchants...
    • Jean Maruani, Roland Lefebvre, Erkki Brändas (eds.) (2003). Advanced Topics in Theoretical Chemical Physics, Springer, p. xv. "Ilya Prigogine was born on January 25, 1917, in Moscow, Russia, the second boy in a middle-class, Jewish family."
  31. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1977". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 2008-10-06.
  32. ^ Herbert C. Brown, "Herbert C. Brown", in Tore Frängsmyr, Sture Forsén (1993). Chemistry, 1971–1980. World Scientific. p. 337. "My parents... came to London in 1908 as part of the vast Jewish immigration in the early part of this century."
  33. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1979". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 2008-10-06.
  34. ^ a b c d e f Hargittai, István (2003). The Road to Stockholm: Nobel Prizes, Science, and Scientists. Oxford University Press. p. 113. ISBN 978-0-19-860785-4
  35. ^ a b "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1980". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 2008-10-06.
  36. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1981". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 2008-10-06.
  37. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1982". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 2008-10-06.
  38. ^ "Jerome Karle" 2013-10-05 at the Wayback Machine, Profiles, Humanities and the Arts, City College of New York website. Retrieved September 10, 2011. "Jerome Karle is an American Jewish physical chemist who shared the 1985 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with a fellow CCNY classmate, Herbert Hauptman"
  39. ^ Seymour "Sy" Brody. "Jerome Karle: Nobel Prize" 2014-10-24 at the Wayback Machine, American Jewish Recipients of the Nobel Prize, Florida Atlantic University Libraries website. Retrieved September 10, 2011.
  40. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1985". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 2008-10-06.
  41. ^ Bernard S. Schlessinger, June H. Schlessinger (1996). The who's who of Nobel Prize winners, 1901–1995. Oryx Press. p. 101.
  42. ^ Samuel Kurinsky. "Jewish Nobel Prize Winners Part I: Chemistry", Hebrew History Federation.
  43. ^ a b "Press Release: The 1986 Nobel Prize in Chemistry". The Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 31 March 2011.
  44. ^ "Some Concepts in Reaction Dynamics" (PDF). The Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 31 March 2011.
  45. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1989". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 2008-10-06.
  46. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1992". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 2008-10-19.
  47. ^ a b c d e Schreiber, Mordecai; Schiff, Alvin I.; Klenicki, Leon, eds. (2003), "Jewish Nobel Prize Winners", The Shengold Jewish Encyclopedia, Schreiber Publishing, p. 198, ISBN 1-887563-77-6
  48. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1998". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2011-10-19.
  49. ^ "Sir Harold Kroto – Autobiography". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2012-10-14.
  50. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1996". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  51. ^ Leroy, Francis (2003). A Century of Nobel Prizes Recipients: Chemistry, Rhysics, and Medicine. CRC Press. p. 108. ISBN 978-0-8247-0876-4
  52. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1998". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 2008-10-06.
  53. ^ Fant, Kenne (2006). Alfred Nobel: A Biography. Arcade Publishing. p. 478. "Heeger was born in Sioux City, Iowa to a Jewish family."
  54. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2000". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 2011-10-19.
  55. ^ a b c d e Boaz Arad. "Best Jewish brains head to China. Beijing conference on science and technology to host Israeli, Jewish American Nobel laureates". Yedioth Ahronoth. January 11, 2010. "Three Nobel Prize laureates – Ada Yonath, Aaron Ciechanover, and Avram Hershko – are scheduled to take part in a conference in Beijing this month to present Israel's top achievements in the field of Chemistry. The three will be joined by two Jewish American laureates, Professor Roger Kornberg, a biochemist, and David Gross, who won a physics Nobel."
  56. ^ Ciechanover, Aaron (2009). "The 2008 Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting: Aaron Ciechanover, Chemistry 2004". Journal of Visualized Experiments (29). doi:10.3791/1559. PMC 3148932. PMID 19571788.
  57. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2004". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 2008-10-06.
  58. ^ István Hargittai, Magdolna Hargittai (2006). Candid Science VI. Imperial College Press. "Both Irwin Rose's parents came from secular Jewish families, on his maternal side, the Greenwalds originated from Hungary and on his paternal side, the Roses originated from the Odessa region of Russia."
  59. ^ Seymour "Sy" Brody. "Irwin Rose: Chemistry Recipient-2004" 2014-10-24 at the Wayback Machine, American Jewish Recipients of the Nobel Prize, Florida Atlantic University Libraries website. Retrieved October 16, 2011.
  60. ^ Joe Eskenazi. "Winning Nobel Prizes seems to run in one family’s chemistry—and biology".The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles. October 12, 2006. "Arthur Kornberg – who still has his own lab at Stanford Medical School at age 88 – grew up in an Orthodox Brooklyn household, where Yiddish was the first language. His future wife, Sylvy Levy, also grew up Orthodox, but the couple raised their children in a fairly secular environment. Still, the family had a strong Jewish and pro-Israel identity, and Roger Kornberg is a consistent donor to the San Francisco-based Jewish Community Federation. Roger married an Israeli scientist, Yahli Lorch, a Stanford professor of structural biology, and they live almost half the year in their Jerusalem flat, where he leads his research team remotely via the Internet. "
  61. ^ Nadan Feldman. "U.S. Nobel laureate: Israel must invest more in higher education". Haaretz. January 13, 2012. "...explains Kornberg, when asked about the values his father instilled in him, and the atmosphere in which he grew up, in a Jewish family in the 1950s."
  62. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2006". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 2008-10-06.
  63. ^ "Seymour "Sy" Brody's Jewish Heroes and Heroines of America Exhibits". Seymour "Sy" Brody's Jewish Heroes and Heroines of America Exhibits. Retrieved 2018-03-17.
  64. ^ "Martin Chalfie - Facts". Nobelprize.org. 2014-05-21. Retrieved 2018-03-17.
  65. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2008". Nobelprize.org. 2014-05-21. Retrieved 2018-03-17.
  66. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2009". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 2009-10-07.
  67. ^ a b c d e
    • Janice Arnold (2011-10-12). "Nobel laureate is pride of Sherbrooke Jews". Canadian Jewish News. "Shechtman was one of five Jews, including a former Montrealer, the late Ralph Steinman, to receive the prestigious prize for their scientific endeavours... Steinman and Bruce Beutler... won for their groundbreaking work in discoveries on the immune system. Saul Perlmutter and Adam Riess, both American Jews... won the prize in physics."
    • Looks, Elka (2011-10-05). "Jews make strong showing among 2011 Nobel Prize winners". Haaretz. "Israeli scientist Daniel Shechtman has made headlines at home for winning the 2011 Nobel Prize in chemistry, but he is not the only Jewish recipient... Ralph Steinman and Bruce Beutler were awarded the Nobel Prize for medicine for their discoveries on the immune system... Saul Perlmutter and Adam G. Riess, both American Jews, are two of the three Nobel Prize in physics winners... So far, five of the seven Nobel Prize winners this year are Jewish..."
  68. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2011". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 2011-10-05.
  69. ^ "NY Jewish doctor wins Nobel Prize in Chemistry", The Jerusalem Post (Jewish Telegraphic Agency), October 10, 2012.
  70. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2012". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 2012-10-09.
  71. ^ a b c "Three Jewish American scientists, two of which have Israeli citizenship, won the 2013 Nobel Prize for chemistry", The Jerusalem Post (Jewish Telegraphic Agency), October 19, 2013.
  72. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2013". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 2013-10-09.
  73. ^ "Michael Levitt is a US, British and Israeli citizen", The Jerusalem Post, October 9, 2013.
  74. ^ "Fellow winner Michael Levitt, a South Africa-born professor, also holds Israeli citizenship.", The Times of Israel, October 9, 2013.
  75. ^ "Martin Karplus, a US and Austrian citizen", The Jerusalem Post, October 9, 2013.
  76. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax "Jewish Laureates of Nobel Prize in Biomedical Sciences". Israel Science and Technology Directory. Retrieved October 16, 2012.
  77. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1908". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  78. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1914". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  79. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1922". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  80. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1930". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  81. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1931". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  82. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1936". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  83. ^ a b Fred Skolnik, Michael Berenbaum (eds.) 2007. Encyclopaedia Judaica, Volume 13. Macmillan Reference USA / Keter Publishing House. p. 733. "Jewish scientists have participated in this problem from the early days of Joseph Erlanger's research on nerve conduction to Richard Axel's dissection of the pathways relevant to olfactory function."
  84. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1944". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  85. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1945". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  86. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1946". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  87. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1947". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  88. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1950". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  89. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1952". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  90. ^ a b "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1953". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  91. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1958". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  92. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1959". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  93. ^ Leroy, Francis (2003). A Century of Nobel Prizes Recipients: Chemistry, Physics, and Medicine. CRC Press. p. 291. ISBN 978-0-8247-0876-4
  94. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1964". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  95. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1965". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  96. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1967". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  97. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1968". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  98. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1969". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  99. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1970". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  100. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1972". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  101. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1975". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  102. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1976". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  103. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1977". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  104. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1978". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  105. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1980". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  106. ^ According to an interview published in Candid Science II, by István Hargittai (Imperial College Press, London, 2002, p. 562).
  107. ^ Moncada, S. (2006). "Sir John Robert Vane. 29 March 1927 -- 19 November 2004: Elected FRS 1974" (PDF). Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 52: 401–411. doi:10.1098/rsbm.2006.0027. PMID 18551797. S2CID 38582901.
  108. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1984". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  109. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1985". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  110. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1986". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  111. ^ Hargittai, István (2003). The Road to Stockholm: Nobel Prizes, Science, and Scientists. Oxford University Press. p. 110. ISBN 978-0-19-860785-4
  112. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1988". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  113. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1989". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  114. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1994". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  115. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1997". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  116. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1998". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  117. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2000". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  118. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2002". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  119. ^ Peter Badge, Nikolaus Turner (2007). Nobel Faces: A Gallery of Nobel Prize Winners Wiley-VCH. p. 126. ISBN 978-3-527-40678-4. "Axel was born to Polish Jewish refugees in New York in 1946"
  120. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2004". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  121. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2006". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  122. ^ Canadian scientist wins Nobel prize days after death 2011-12-26 at the Wayback Machine
  123. ^ "News - Seymour David Steinman". Retrieved 17 March 2018.
  124. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2011". Nobel Foundation.
  125. ^ "Dr. Ernest Beutler: 1928 - 2008". tribunedigital-chicagotribune. 2008-10-10. Retrieved 2018-03-17.
  126. ^ a b "James Rothman and Randy Schekman, both Jewish, win together with Thomas Suedhof for discoveries on how proteins are transported within cells", The Times of Israel, October 7, 2013.
  127. ^ a b "Prix Nobel de médecine 2013 : un duo de chercheurs américains juifs récompensé", Le Monde Juif, October 7, 2013.
  128. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2011". Nobel Foundation.
  129. ^ "The 2017 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - Press Release". www.nobelprize.org. Retrieved 2017-12-10.
  130. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2020". www.nobelprize.org.
  131. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021". www.nobelprize.org. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
  132. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at "Jewish Laureates of Nobel Prize in Physics". Israel Science and Technology Directory. Retrieved October 16, 2012.
  133. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1907". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  134. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1908". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  135. ^ a b Leroy, Francis (2003). A Century of Nobel Prizes Recipients: Chemistry, Physics, and Medicine. CRC Press. p. 134. ISBN 978-0-8247-0876-4
  136. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1921". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  137. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1922". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  138. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1925". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  139. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1943". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  140. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1944". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  141. ^ Pauli had three Jewish grandparents. When discussing his plans to leave Switzerland in 1940, he wrote "Actually I suppose I am under German law 75 per cent Jewish." . Archived from the original on 2009-09-13. Retrieved 2010-03-08.
  142. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1945". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  143. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1952". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  144. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1954". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  145. ^ a b c Efron, Noah (2014). A Chosen Calling: Jews in Science in the Twentieth Century. Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 9781421413822. ...Ilya Frank, Igor Tamm, and Lev Landau... Frank, Tamm and Landau—were, like Ioffe himself, born to Jewish parents...
  146. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1958". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  147. ^
    • Sklare, Marshall (1982). Understanding American Jewry. Transaction Publishers. p. 108. ISBN 978-0-87855-454-6.
    • Comay, Joan; Cohn-Sherbok, Lavinia (2002). Who's who in Jewish history: after the period of the Old Testament. Routledge. p. 362. ISBN 978-0-415-26030-5.
    • Schlessinger, Bernard S.; Schlessinger, June H. (1996). The who's who of Nobel Prize winners, 1901–1995. Oryx Press. p. 201. ISBN 978-0-89774-899-5. Parents: Father, Evgen Tamm; Mother, Olga Davidova Tamm. Nationality: Russian. Religion: Jewish.
    • James, Ioan Mackenzie (2009). Driven to innovate: a century of Jewish mathematicians and physicists. Peter Lang. p. 262. ISBN 978-1-906165-22-2.
    • Kuchment, Mark (June 1988). "Reminiscences About I.E. Tamm". Physics Today. 41 (6): 82. Bibcode:1988PhT....41f..82F. doi:10.1063/1.2811465. It is the story of a baptized German Jew (Tamm means "naive" in Hebrew)...
    • Feldman, Burton (2000). The Nobel Prize: A History of Genius, Controversy, and Prestige. Arcade Publishing. p. 407. ISBN 9781559705929.
    • Lyman, Darryl (1996). Jewish Heroes & Heroines: Their Unique Achievements. Jonathan David. p. 116. ISBN 9780824603885.
  148. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1959". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  149. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1960". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  150. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1961". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  151. ^ "Lev Landau". Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved January 20, 2012.
  152. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1962". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  153. ^ Lev Landau: Topmost Soviet Jewish Scientist Wins Nobel Prize
  154. ^ Marton, Kati (2006). The Great Escape: Nine Jews Who Fled Hitler and Changed the World. Simon & Schuster. p. 4. ISBN 978-1-4165-4245-2
  155. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1963". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  156. ^ James Gleick. Genius: The Life and Science of Richard Feynman. Random House. 1995. p. 85. "Feynman, as a New York Jew distinctly uninterested in either the faith or sociology of Judaism..."
  157. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1965". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  158. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1967". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  159. ^ Leroy, Francis (2003). A Century of Nobel Prizes Recipients: Chemistry, Physics, and Medicine. CRC Press. p. 183. ISBN 978-0-8247-0876-4
  160. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1969". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  161. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1971". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  162. ^ Bernard S. Schlessinger, June H. Schlessinger (1996). The Who's Who of Nobel Prize Winners, 1901–1995. "Cooper, Leon Neil". Oryx Press. p. 605. "Religion: Jewish".
  163. ^ Kurtz, Seymour (1985). Jewish America. McGraw-Hill. p. 244.
  164. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1972". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  165. ^ . Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 2011-06-21. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  166. ^ "Aage N. Bohr – Biographical". The Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 12 May 2015.
  167. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1975". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  168. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1976". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  169. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1978". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  170. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1979". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  171. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1981". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  172. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1987". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2011-10-18.
  173. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1988". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  174. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1990". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  175. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1992". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  176. ^ a b "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1995". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  177. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1996". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  178. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1997". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  179. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2000". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  180. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2003". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  181. ^ "David J. Gross: Autobiography". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2011-10-16.
  182. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2004". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  183. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2005". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-09.
  184. ^ Wedding: Nancy Schondorf And Adam Riess
  185. ^ Wedding: Drs. Gail Michele Riess and Leonard Bruce Saltz
  186. ^ Obituary: Michael Riess
  187. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2011". Nobel Foundation.
  188. ^ Samuel Davidson, led Yiddish revival
  189. ^ . Archived from the original on 2002-03-29. Retrieved 2011-10-04.
  190. ^ " French-Jewish physicist wins Nobel Prize along with American colleague", Haaretz (Jewish Telegraphic Agency), October 9, 2012.
  191. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2012". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2012-10-09.
  192. ^ "Tel Aviv University professor shares Nobel Prize in physics", The Times of Israel, October 8, 2013. "Professor Englert is a Belgian Jew"
  193. ^ Ziri, Daniel. "Tel Aviv U. affiliated prof. who is a Holocaust survivor wins Nobel for physics", The Jerusalem Post (Reuters), October 8, 2013. "The 80-year-old Englert – a Belgian Jew and Holocaust survivor..."
  194. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2013". Nobel Foundation.
  195. ^ Nicholas Pollard. "British Jewish Scientist Among Three Physics Nobel Awards", The Forward, October 4, 2016.
  196. ^ Nicholas Pollard. "American Jewish Scientist Among Three Physics Nobel Awards", Quanta Magazine, October 3, 2017.
  197. ^ "Interview with Vladimir B" (PDF). Retrieved 2017-10-03.
  198. ^ "A Small-Town Jewish Family's Rebuke of Car Maker Henry Ford". 18 December 2013. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
  199. ^ Overbye, Dennis; Taylor, Derrick Bryson (6 October 2020). "Nobel Prize in Physics Awarded to 3 Scientists for Work on Black Holes – The prize was awarded half to Roger Penrose for showing how black holes could form and half to Reinhard Genzel and Andrea Ghez for discovering a supermassive object at the Milky Way's center". The New York Times.
  200. ^ "Scientists of Jewish heritage among trio to win Nobel prize for black hole finds". The Times of Israel. Retrieved December 5, 2022. In a 2007 interview with the Jerusalem Post, he said his grandmother "hid her origins and dissociated herself from her family, but we learned that she came from Russia and that her family name was Nathanson. Thus according to your rules, I guess I could be considered Jewish, even though I do not identify myself as one."
  201. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Jewish Laureates of Nobel Prize in Literature". Israel Science and Technology Directory. Retrieved October 16, 2012.
  202. ^ "Nobel Prize in Literature 1910". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-17.
  203. ^ "Nobel Prize in Literature 1927". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-17.
  204. ^ "Nobel Prize in Literature 1958". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-17.
  205. ^ a b "Nobel Prize in Literature 1966". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-17.
  206. ^ "Nobel Prize in Literature 1976". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-17.
  207. ^ "Nobel Prize in Literature 1978". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-17.
  208. ^ "Nobel Prize in Literature 1981". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-17.
  209. ^ "Nobel Prize in Literature 1987". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-17.
  210. ^ "Nobel Prize in Literature 1991". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-17.
  211. ^ Segel, Harold B. (2008). The Columbia Literary History of Eastern Europe Since 1945. Columbia University Press. p. 20. ISBN 978-0-231-13306-7"... the few Hungarian writers who have attempted to deal with Hungary's role in the ware and the fate of the Hungarian Jewish population have been mostly Hungarian Jews. Certainly the best known, due to his receipt of the coveted Nobel Prize in Literature in 2002, is Imre Kertész (b. 1929)".
  212. ^ Rubin Suleiman, Susan; Forgács, Éva (eds) (2003). Contemporary Jewish Writing in Hungary: An Anthology. University of Nebraska Press. p. xlvi.
  213. ^ "Nobel Prize in Literature 2002". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-17.
  214. ^ Dagmar C. G. Lorenz (2007). Keepers of the Motherland: German texts by Jewish women writers. University of Nebraska Press. pp. 251–252. ISBN 978-0-8032-2917-4. Jewish women's writing likewise employs satirical and grotesque elements when depicting non-Jews... Some do so pointedly, such as Ilse Aichinger, Elfriede Gerstl, and Elifriede Jelinek... Jelinek resumed the techniques of the Jewish interwar satirists... Jelinek stresses her affinity to Karl Krauss and the Jewish Cabaret of the interwar era... She claims her own Jewish identity as the daughter of a Holocaust victim, her father, thereby suggesting that there is a continuity of Vienna's Jewish tradition (Berka 1993, 137f.; Gilman 1995, 3).
  215. ^ "Nobel Prize in Literature 2004". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-17.
  216. ^ Billington, Michael (2007). Harold Pinter. London: Faber and Faber. p. 2. ISBN 0-571-23476-3.
  217. ^ "Nobel Prize in Literature 2005". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-17.
  218. ^ . Jewish Quarterly. Archived from the original on 2018-12-26.
  219. ^ Patrick Modiano’s ‘Suspended Sentences’. New York Times website.
  220. ^ "Nobel Prize in Literature 2014". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2014-10-09.
  221. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Literature 2020". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
  222. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w "Jewish Laureates of Nobel Prize in Economics". Israel Science and Technology Directory. Retrieved October 16, 2012.
  223. ^ a b Stephen Harlan Norwood, Eunice G. Pollack (2008). "American Jews in Economics". Encyclopedia of American Jewish History, Volume 1. ISBN 978-1-85109-638-1. p. 719.
  224. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Economics 1970". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
  225. ^ Stephen Harlan Norwood, Eunice G. Pollack (2008). "American Jews in Economics". Encyclopedia of American Jewish History, Volume 1. ISBN 978-1-85109-638-1. p. 720.
  226. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Economics 1971". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
  227. ^ a b Stephen Harlan Norwood, Eunice G. Pollack (2008). "American Jews in Economics". Encyclopedia of American Jewish History, Volume 1. ISBN 978-1-85109-638-1. p. 718.
  228. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Economics 1972". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
  229. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Economics 1973". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
  230. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Economics 1975". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
  231. ^ Vane, Howard R (2007). The Nobel Memorial Laureates in Economics: An Introduction to their Careers. Edward Elgar Publishing, p. 82. ISBN 978-1-84720-092-1
  232. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Economics 1976". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
  233. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Stephen Harlan Norwood, Eunice G. Pollack (2008). "American Jews in Economics". Encyclopedia of American Jewish History, Volume 1. ISBN 978-1-85109-638-1. p. 721.
  234. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Economics 1978". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
  235. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Economics 1980". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
  236. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Economics 1985". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
  237. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Economics 1987". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
  238. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Economics 1990". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
  239. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Economics 1992". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
  240. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Economics 1993". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
  241. ^ Vane, Howard R (2007). The Nobel Memorial Laureates in Economics: An Introduction to their Careers. Edward Elgar Publishing, p. 222. ISBN 978-1-84720-092-1
  242. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Economics 1994". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
  243. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Economics 1994". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
  244. ^ Lesley Simpson. "Endowment fund named for winner of Nobel Prize". The Hamilton Spectator. September 16, 1998. p. A8.
  245. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Economics 1997". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2011-10-28.
  246. ^ Norwood, Stephen Harlan; Pollack, Eunice G. (2008). Encyclopedia of American Jewish History, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. p. 721. ISBN 9781851096381.
  247. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Economics 1997". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2011-10-28.
  248. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Economics 2001". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
  249. ^ . Archived from the original on 2014-10-22. Retrieved 2012-10-10.
  250. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Economics 2002". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
  251. ^ "Brief Bio – Robert J Aumann". Robert Aumann. Retrieved 2010-04-17. Robert Aumann was born in Frankfurt am Main, Germany, in 1930, to a well-to-do orthodox Jewish family.
  252. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Economics 2005". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
  253. ^ Seymour "Sy" Brody. . Florida Atlantic University Libraries. Archived from the original on 2011-10-09. Retrieved 2010-03-31.
  254. ^ "Leonid Hurwicz (1917–2008)". Jewish Virtual Library. American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise. Retrieved 2010-03-31.
  255. ^ . Legislature of the State of Minnesota (image via University of Minnesota, umn.edu). 9 April 2007. Archived from the original on 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2007-10-16.
  256. ^ a b c Pervos, Stefanie (11/5/2007). "Nobel Prize winners have Jewish, Chicago connections". JUF News. "Three Jewish scholars, two with Chicago connections, were awarded the 2007 Nobel Prize in Economic Science in October. Leonid Hurwicz, a professor emeritus at the University of Minnesota and former researcher at the University of Chicago; Roger B. Myerson, a University of Chicago professor; and Eric S. Maskin of the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, were honored for their joint work on mechanism design theory."
  257. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Economics 2007". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
  258. ^ Silverstein, Marilyn. "Nobel winner who's at home with Einstein" 2008-12-08 at the Wayback Machine, New Jersey Jewish News, November 8, 2007. "A native of New York, Maskin grew up in New Jersey, in a nonreligious Jewish home in the town of Alpine... But is he culturally Jewish? "Sure," he said. "It's a very rich culture, and I'm attracted to that side of it. I listen to klezmer — I'm actually a clarinetist myself. And there are certain Jewish foods I'm especially fond of — latkes, chopped liver, chicken soup with matza balls. I like to cook, and a lot of the things I cook have been handed down — a stuffed cabbage recipe I'm fond of, a meat pie recipe. I saw my grandmother do them."
  259. ^ Paul Krugman (2003-10-28). "A Willful Ignorance". The New York Times. Retrieved 2010-04-17. Sure enough, I was accused in various places not just of 'tolerance for anti-Semitism' (yes, I'm Jewish) [...]
  260. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Economics 2008". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2009-10-20.
  261. ^ Leonard, Mike (6 December 2009). . The Herald-Times. Bloomington, Indiana. Archived from the original on April 15, 2015. Retrieved 15 April 2015.
  262. ^ . The Swedish Wire. December 9, 2009. Archived from the original on December 14, 2009. Retrieved June 12, 2010.
  263. ^ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2009". Nobel Foundation. from the original on 2009-10-15. Retrieved 2009-10-12.
  264. ^ "Home | MIT Hillel" (PDF).
  265. ^ Bessen, Jeff (2010-10-20). "Going to the head of the class". Herald Community Newspapers. Retrieved 2018-03-17.
  266. ^ "The Prize in Economic Sciences 2010". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2010-10-11.
  267. ^ "US economists tied to Israeli academia win Nobel", JTA in The Jerusalem Post, October 15, 2012.
  268. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Economics 2012". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2012-10-15.
  269. ^ "Jewish economist at Harvard shares Nobel Prize", The Jewish Telegraphic Agency, October 10, 2016.
  270. ^ "Jewish American Wins Nobel Prize in Economics", The Jerusalem Post, October 10, 2017.
  271. ^ Nuzzo, Regina (June 27, 2006). "Profile of William D. Nordhaus". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 103 (26): 9753–9755. Bibcode:2006PNAS..103.9753N. doi:10.1073/pnas.0601306103. PMC 1502525. PMID 16803963.
  272. ^ Rochlin, Harriet; Rochlin, Fred (October 9, 2018). Pioneer Jews: A New Life in the Far West. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. ISBN 978-0618001965 – via Google Books.
  273. ^ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2018". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2018-10-08.
  274. ^ "Jewish Celebrity Birthday Calendar".
  275. ^ "The Prize in Economic Sciences 2020" (Press release). Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
  276. ^ "The Prize in Economic Sciences 2021" (PDF) (Press release). Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. October 11, 2021.
  277. ^ "The Prize in Economic Sciences 2022" (Press release). October 10, 2022.
  278. ^ "Jewish Nobel Prize Winners in Economics". www.jinfo.org. Retrieved 2022-11-03.
  279. ^ Abrams, Irwin (2001). The Nobel Peace Prize and the Laureates: An Illustrated Biographical History, 1901–2001. Science History Publications. p. 78. ISBN 978-0-88135-388-4
  280. ^ a b "The Nobel Peace Prize 1911". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-11-12.
  281. ^ Abrams, Irwin (2001). The Nobel Peace Prize and the Laureates: An Illustrated Biographical History, 1901–2001. Science History Publications. p. 76. ISBN 978-0-88135-388-4
  282. ^ "The Nobel Peace Prize 1968". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-11-12.
  283. ^ Abrams, Irwin (2001). The Nobel Peace Prize and the Laureates: An Illustrated Biographical History, 1901–2001. Science History Publications. p. 220. ISBN 978-0-88135-388-4
  284. ^ "The Nobel Peace Prize 1973". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-11-12.
  285. ^ Lundestad, Geir (2001-03-15). "The Nobel Peace Prize, 1901–2000". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-11-28.
  286. ^ Abrams, Irwin (2001). The Nobel Peace Prize and the Laureates: An Illustrated Biographical History, 1901–2001. Science History Publications. p. 239. ISBN 978-0-88135-388-4
  287. ^ "The Nobel Peace Prize 1978". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-11-12.
  288. ^ Abrams, Irwin (2001). The Nobel Peace Prize and the Laureates: An Illustrated Biographical History, 1901–2001. Science History Publications. p. 266. ISBN 978-0-88135-388-4
  289. ^
February 17, 2023
list, jewish, nobel, laureates, nobel, prizes, have, been, awarded, over, individuals, whom, least, were, jews, number, jews, receiving, nobel, prizes, been, subject, some, attention, israeli, academics, elay, yeshayahu, leibowitz, began, encyclopedia, jewish,. Nobel Prizes have been awarded to over 900 individuals 1 of whom at least 20 were Jews 2 The number of Jews receiving Nobel prizes has been the subject of some attention 3 Israeli academics Elay Ben Gal and Yeshayahu Leibowitz began an encyclopedia of Jewish Nobel laureates and have interviewed as many as possible about their life and work 4 Sign on Nobel Laureates Boulevard in Rishon LeZion saluting Jewish Nobel laureates Jews have been recipients of all six awards The first Jewish recipient Adolf von Baeyer was awarded the prize in Chemistry in 1905 Jewish laureates Elie Wiesel and Imre Kertesz survived the extermination camps during the Holocaust 5 while Francois Englert survived by being hidden in orphanages and children s homes 6 Others such as Walter Kohn Otto Stern Albert Einstein Hans Krebs and Martin Karplus had to flee Nazi Germany to avoid persecution 7 8 9 Still others including Rita Levi Montalcini Herbert Hauptman Robert Furchgott Arthur Kornberg and Jerome Karle experienced significant antisemitism in their careers 8 10 Arthur Ashkin a 96 year old American Jew was at the time of his award the oldest person to receive a Nobel Prize 11 12 Contents 1 Chemistry 2 Physiology or Medicine 3 Physics 4 Literature 5 Economics 6 Peace 7 Forced to decline prize 8 Jewish laureates per country 9 Nobel Laureates Boulevard 10 See also 11 References 12 Further reading 13 External linksChemistry EditYear Laureate Country Rationale1905 Adolf von Baeyer 13 14 15 16 Germany for the advancement of organic chemistry and the chemical industry through his work on organic dyes and hydroaromatic compounds 17 1906 Henri Moissan 13 14 15 16 18 France for his investigation and isolation of the element fluorine and for the electric furnace called after him 19 1910 Otto Wallach 13 14 15 16 Germany for his services to organic chemistry and the chemical industry by his pioneer work in the field of alicyclic compounds 20 1915 Richard Willstatter 13 14 15 16 Germany for his researches on plant pigments especially chlorophyll 21 1918 Fritz Haber 13 14 15 16 22 Germany for the synthesis of ammonia from its elements 23 1943 George de Hevesy 13 14 15 16 Hungary for his work on the use of isotopes as tracers in the study of chemical processes 24 1961 Melvin Calvin 13 14 15 16 United States for his research on the carbon dioxide assimilation in plants 25 1962 Max Perutz 13 14 15 16 26 United Kingdom Austria for their studies of the structures of globular proteins 27 1972 Christian B Anfinsen 13 16 28 United States for his work on ribonuclease especially concerning the connection between the amino acid sequence and the biologically active conformation 29 William Howard Stein 13 14 16 for their contribution to the understanding of the connection between chemical structure and catalytic activity of the active centre of the ribonuclease molecule 29 1977 Ilya Prigogine 13 14 16 30 Belgium for his contributions to non equilibrium thermodynamics particularly the theory of dissipative structures 31 1979 Herbert C Brown 13 14 16 32 United States for their development of the use of boron and phosphorus containing compounds respectively into important reagents in organic synthesis 33 1980 Paul Berg 13 14 16 34 United States for his fundamental studies of the biochemistry of nucleic acids with particular regard to recombinant DNA 35 Walter Gilbert 13 14 16 for their contributions concerning the determination of base sequences in nucleic acids 35 1981 Roald Hoffmann 13 14 16 United States for their theories developed independently concerning the course of chemical reactions 36 1982 Aaron Klug 13 14 16 United Kingdom for his development of crystallographic electron microscopy and his structural elucidation of biologically important nucleic acid protein complexes 37 1985 Jerome Karle 10 13 14 16 38 39 United States for their outstanding achievements in developing direct methods for the determination of crystal structures 40 Herbert A Hauptman 8 13 14 16 41 42 1986 John Polanyi 43 Polanyi s Nobel lecture upon receipt of the award was entitled Some Concepts in Reaction Dynamics 44 Hungary Canada for his work in chemical kinetics 43 1989 Sidney Altman 13 14 16 Canada United States for their discovery of catalytic properties of RNA 45 1992 Rudolph A Marcus 13 14 16 United States for his contributions to the theory of electron transfer reactions in chemical systems 46 1994 George Andrew Olah 47 13 16 Hungary for his contribution to carbocation chemistry 48 1996 Harry Kroto 16 49 United Kingdom for the discovery of fullerenes 50 1998 Walter Kohn 7 8 13 16 51 United States Austria for his development of the density functional theory 52 2000 Alan J Heeger 13 14 16 53 United States for the discovery and development of conductive polymers 54 2004 Aaron Ciechanover 16 55 56 Israel for the discovery of ubiquitin mediated protein degradation 57 Avram Hershko 16 55 Hungary Israel Irwin Rose 16 58 59 United States2006 Roger D Kornberg 55 60 61 United States for his studies of the molecular basis of eukaryotic transcription 62 63 2008 Martin Chalfie 64 United States for the discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein GFP 65 2009 Ada Yonath 55 Israel for studies of the structure and function of the ribosome 66 2011 Dan Shechtman 67 Israel for the discovery of quasicrystals 68 2012 Robert Lefkowitz 69 United States for studies of G protein coupled receptors 70 2013 Arieh Warshel 9 71 Israel for the development of multiscale models for complex chemical systems 72 Michael Levitt 9 71 United States United Kingdom Israel 73 74 Martin Karplus 9 71 United States Austria 75 Physiology or Medicine EditYear Laureate Country Rationale1908 Elie Metchnikoff 15 16 76 Russia in recognition of their work on immunity 77 Paul Ehrlich 15 16 76 Germany1914 Robert Barany 15 16 76 Austria Hungary for his work on the physiology and pathology of the vestibular apparatus 78 1922 Otto Fritz Meyerhof 15 16 76 Germany for his discovery of the fixed relationship between the consumption of oxygen and the metabolism of lactic acid in the muscle 79 1930 Karl Landsteiner 15 16 76 Austria for his discovery of human blood groups 80 1931 Otto Heinrich Warburg 15 16 Germany for his discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme 81 1936 Otto Loewi 15 16 76 Austria for their discoveries relating to chemical transmission of nerve impulses 82 1944 Joseph Erlanger 15 16 76 83 United States for their discoveries relating to the highly differentiated functions of single nerve fibres 84 1945 Ernst Boris Chain 15 16 76 United Kingdom for the discovery of penicillin and its curative effect in various infectious diseases 85 1946 Hermann Joseph Muller 15 16 76 United States for the discovery of the production of mutations by means of X ray irradiation 86 1947 Gerty Cori 16 76 United States for their discovery of the course of the catalytic conversion of glycogen 87 1950 Tadeusz Reichstein 15 16 76 Switzerland Poland for their discoveries relating to the hormones of the adrenal cortex their structure and biological effects 88 1952 Selman Waksman 15 16 76 United States for his discovery of streptomycin the first antibiotic effective against tuberculosis 89 1953 Hans Adolf Krebs 8 15 16 76 United Kingdom for his discovery of the citric acid cycle 90 Fritz Albert Lipmann 76 United States for his discovery of co enzyme A and its importance for intermediary metabolism 90 1958 Joshua Lederberg 15 16 76 United States for his discoveries concerning genetic recombination and the organization of the genetic material of bacteria 91 1959 Arthur Kornberg 10 15 16 76 United States for their discovery of the mechanisms in the biological synthesis of ribonucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic acid 92 1964 Konrad Emil Bloch 15 16 76 93 United States for their discoveries concerning the mechanism and regulation of the cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism 94 1965 Francois Jacob 15 16 76 France for their discoveries concerning genetic control of enzyme and virus synthesis 95 Andre Michel Lwoff 15 16 76 1967 George Wald 15 16 76 United States for their discoveries concerning the primary physiological and chemical visual processes in the eye 96 1968 Marshall Warren Nirenberg 15 16 76 United States for their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis 97 1969 Salvador Luria 15 16 76 United States Italy for their discoveries concerning the replication mechanism and the genetic structure of viruses 98 1970 Julius Axelrod 16 76 United States for their discoveries concerning the humoral transmittors in the nerve terminals and the mechanism for their storage release and inactivation 99 Bernard Katz 15 16 76 United Kingdom1972 Gerald Edelman 16 76 United States for their discoveries concerning the chemical structure of antibodies 100 1975 David Baltimore 16 76 United States for their discoveries concerning the interaction between tumor viruses and the genetic material of the cell 101 Howard Martin Temin 16 76 1976 Baruch Samuel Blumberg 16 76 United States for their discoveries concerning new mechanisms for the origin and dissemination of infectious diseases 102 1977 Rosalyn Sussman Yalow 16 34 76 United States for the development of radioimmunoassays of peptide hormones 103 1978 Daniel Nathans 16 76 United States for the discovery of restriction enzymes and their application to problems of molecular genetics 104 1980 Baruj Benacerraf 16 76 United States for their discoveries concerning genetically determined structures on the cell surface that regulate immunological reactions 105 1982 John Vane 106 United States along with Sune Bergstrom and Bengt Samuelsson for their discoveries concerning prostaglandins and related biologically active substances 107 1984 Cesar Milstein 16 34 76 Argentina for theories concerning the specificity in development and control of the immune system and the discovery of the principle for production of monoclonal antibodies 108 1985 Michael Stuart Brown 16 76 United States for their discoveries concerning the regulation of cholesterol metabolism 109 Joseph L Goldstein 16 76 1986 Stanley Cohen 16 34 76 United States for their discoveries of growth factors 110 Rita Levi Montalcini 16 76 111 Italy1988 Gertrude B Elion 16 76 United States for their discoveries of important principles for drug treatment 112 1989 Harold E Varmus 16 34 76 United States for their discovery of the cellular origin of retroviral oncogenes 113 1994 Alfred G Gilman 16 76 United States for their discovery of G proteins and the role of these proteins in signal transduction in cells 114 Martin Rodbell 16 76 1997 Stanley B Prusiner 16 76 United States for his discovery of prions a new biological principle of infection 115 1998 Robert F Furchgott 8 16 76 United States for their discoveries concerning nitric oxide as a signalling molecule in the cardiovascular system 116 2000 Paul Greengard 16 76 United States for their discoveries concerning signal transduction in the nervous system 117 Eric Kandel 16 76 United States Austria2002 Sydney Brenner 16 76 United Kingdom for their discoveries concerning genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell death 118 H Robert Horvitz 16 76 United States2004 Richard Axel 16 76 83 119 United States for their discoveries of odorant receptors and the organization of the olfactory system 120 2006 Andrew Fire 76 United States for his discovery of RNA interference gene silencing by double stranded RNA 121 2011 Ralph M Steinman 67 76 122 123 Canada for his discovery of the dendritic cell and its role in adaptive immunity 124 Bruce Beutler 67 76 125 United States for their discoveries concerning the activation of innate immunity 2013 James E Rothman 9 126 127 United States for their discoveries of machinery regulating vesicle traffic a major transport system in our cells 128 Randy Schekman 9 126 127 2017 Michael Rosbash United States for their discoveries of molecular mechanisms controlling the circadian rhythm 129 2020 Harvey J Alter United States for the discovery of Hepatitis C virus 130 2021 David Julius United States for their discoveries of receptors for temperature and touch 131 Physics EditYear Laureate Country Rationale1907 Albert A Michelson 14 15 132 United States for his optical precision instruments and the spectroscopic and metrological investigations carried out with their aid 133 1908 Gabriel Lippmann 14 15 132 France for his method of reproducing colours photographically based on the phenomenon of interference 134 1921 Albert Einstein 14 15 132 135 Germany Switzerland for his services to Theoretical Physics and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect 136 1922 Niels Bohr 14 15 132 135 Denmark for his services in the investigation of the structure of atoms and of the radiation emanating from them 137 1925 James Franck 14 132 Germany for their discovery of the laws governing the impact of an electron upon an atom 138 Gustav Hertz 14 15 1943 Otto Stern 14 132 United States for his contribution to the development of the molecular ray method and his discovery of the magnetic moment of the proton 139 1944 Isidor Isaac Rabi 14 15 132 United States for his resonance method for recording the magnetic properties of atomic nuclei 140 1945 Wolfgang Pauli 132 141 Austria for the discovery of the Exclusion Principle also called the Pauli principle 142 1952 Felix Bloch 14 15 132 United States Switzerland for their development of new methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements and discoveries in connection therewith 143 1954 Max Born 14 15 132 United Kingdom for his fundamental research in quantum mechanics especially for his statistical interpretation of the wavefunction 144 1958 Ilya Frank 132 145 Soviet Union for the discovery and the interpretation of the Cherenkov effect 146 Igor Tamm 14 15 132 145 147 1959 Emilio Gino Segre 14 15 132 Italy for their discovery of the antiproton 148 1960 Donald A Glaser 14 15 132 United States for the invention of the bubble chamber 149 1961 Robert Hofstadter 14 15 132 United States for his pioneering studies of electron scattering in atomic nuclei and for his thereby achieved discoveries concerning the structure of the nucleons 150 1962 Lev Landau 14 15 132 145 151 Soviet Union for his pioneering theories for condensed matter especially liquid helium 152 153 1963 Eugene Wigner 132 154 United States for his contributions to the theory of the atomic nucleus and the elementary particles particularly through the discovery and application of fundamental symmetry principles 155 1965 Richard Feynman 14 15 132 156 United States for their fundamental work in quantum electrodynamics with deep ploughing consequences for the physics of elementary particles 157 Julian Schwinger 14 15 132 1967 Hans Bethe 132 United States for his contributions to the theory of nuclear reactions especially his discoveries concerning the energy production in stars 158 1969 Murray Gell Mann 14 15 132 159 United States for his contributions and discoveries concerning the classification of elementary particles and their interactions 160 1971 Dennis Gabor 14 132 United Kingdom Hungary for his invention and development of the holographic method 161 1972 Leon Cooper 132 162 163 United States for his jointly developed theory of superconductivity usually called the BCS theory 164 1973 Brian David Josephson 14 United Kingdom for his theoretical predictions of the properties of a supercurrent through a tunnel barrier in particular those phenomena which are generally known as the Josephson effect 165 1975 Aage Niels Bohr 166 Denmark for the discovery of the connection between collective motion and particle motion in atomic nuclei and the development of the theory of the structure of the atomic nucleus based on this connection 167 Ben Roy Mottelson 14 132 1976 Burton Richter 14 132 United States for his pioneering work in the discovery of a heavy elementary particle of a new kind 168 1978 Arno Allan Penzias 14 132 United States for his discovery of cosmic microwave background radiation 169 1979 Sheldon Glashow 14 132 United States for their contributions to the theory of the unified weak and electromagnetic interaction between elementary particles including inter alia the prediction of the weak neutral current 170 Steven Weinberg 14 132 1981 Arthur Leonard Schawlow United States for their contribution to the development of laser spectroscopy 171 1987 Karl Alexander Muller 132 Switzerland for their important breakthrough in the discovery of superconductivity in ceramic materials 172 1988 Leon M Lederman 14 34 132 United States for the neutrino beam method and the demonstration of the doublet structure of the leptons through the discovery of the muon neutrino 173 Melvin Schwartz 14 132 Jack Steinberger 14 132 1990 Jerome Isaac Friedman 132 United States for his pioneering investigations concerning deep inelastic scattering of electrons on protons and bound neutrons which have been of essential importance for the development of the quark model in particle physics 174 1992 Georges Charpak 132 France Poland for his invention and development of particle detectors in particular the multiwire proportional chamber 175 1995 Martin Lewis Perl 132 United States for the discovery of the tau lepton and for pioneering experimental contributions to lepton physics 176 Frederick Reines 132 for the detection of the neutrino and for pioneering experimental contributions to lepton physics 176 1996 David Morris Lee 47 132 United States for their discovery of superfluidity in helium 3 177 Douglas D Osheroff 47 1997 Claude Cohen Tannoudji 132 France for development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light 178 2000 Zhores Alferov 47 132 Russia for developing semiconductor heterostructures used in high speed and optoelectronics 179 2003 Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov 132 Russia United States for pioneering contributions to the theory of superconductors and superfluids 180 Vitaly Ginzburg 132 Russia2004 David Gross 55 132 181 United States for the discovery of asymptotic freedom in the theory of the strong interaction 182 H David Politzer 132 2005 Roy J Glauber 132 United States for his contribution to the quantum theory of optical coherence 183 2011 Adam Riess 67 132 184 185 186 United States for the discovery of the accelerating expansion of the Universe through observations of distant supernovae 187 Saul Perlmutter 67 132 188 189 2012 Serge Haroche 190 France for ground breaking experimental methods that enable measuring and manipulation of individual quantum systems 191 2013 Francois Englert 6 9 192 193 Belgium for the theoretical discovery of a mechanism that contributes to our understanding of the origin of mass of subatomic particles and which recently was confirmed through the discovery of the predicted fundamental particle by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at CERN s Large Hadron Collider 194 2016 J Michael Kosterlitz 195 United Kingdom for discoveries in condensed matter physics that have transformed the understanding of matter that assumes strange shapes 2017 Rainer Weiss 196 United States for decisive contributions to the LIGO detector and the observation of gravitational waves Barry Barish 197 198 2018 Arthur Ashkin United States for groundbreaking inventions in the field of laser physics in particular for the optical tweezers and their application to biological systems 2020 Roger Penrose 199 200 United Kingdom for the discovery that black hole formation is a robust prediction of the general theory of relativity Andrea Ghez United States for the discovery of a supermassive compact object at the centre of our galaxy Literature EditYear Laureate Country Rationale1910 Paul Heyse 47 201 Germany as a tribute to the consummate artistry permeated with idealism which he has demonstrated during his long productive career as a lyric poet dramatist novelist and writer of world renowned short stories 202 1927 Henri Bergson 201 France in recognition of his rich and vitalizing ideas and the brilliant skill with which they have been presented 203 1958 Boris Pasternak 201 Soviet Union for his important achievement both in contemporary lyrical poetry and in the field of the great Russian epic tradition 204 1966 Shmuel Yosef Agnon 201 Israel for his profoundly characteristic narrative art with motifs from the life of the Jewish people 205 Nelly Sachs 201 Sweden for her outstanding lyrical and dramatic writing which interprets Israel s destiny with touching strength 205 1976 Saul Bellow 201 United States for the human understanding and subtle analysis of contemporary culture that are combined in his work 206 1978 Isaac Bashevis Singer 201 United States Poland for his impassioned narrative art which with roots in a Polish Jewish cultural tradition brings universal human conditions to life 207 1981 Elias Canetti 201 United Kingdom for writings marked by a broad outlook a wealth of ideas and artistic power 208 1987 Joseph Brodsky 201 United States for an all embracing authorship imbued with clarity of thought and poetic intensity 209 1991 Nadine Gordimer 201 South Africa who through her magnificent epic writing has in the words of Alfred Nobel been of very great benefit to humanity 210 2002 Imre Kertesz 201 211 212 Hungary for writing that upholds the fragile experience of the individual against the barbaric arbitrariness of history 213 2004 Elfriede Jelinek 214 Austria for her musical flow of voices and counter voices in novels and plays that with extraordinary linguistic zeal reveal the absurdity of society s cliches and their subjugating power 215 2005 Harold Pinter 201 216 United Kingdom who in his plays uncovers the precipice under everyday prattle and forces entry into oppression s closed rooms 217 2014 Patrick Modiano 218 219 France for the art of memory with which he has evoked the most ungraspable human destinies and uncovered the life world of the occupation 220 2016 Bob Dylan United States for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition 2020 Louise Gluck United States for her unmistakable poetic voice that with austere beauty makes individual existence universal 221 Economics EditYear Laureate Country Rationale1970 Paul Samuelson 222 223 United States for the scientific work through which he has developed static and dynamic economic theory and actively contributed to raising the level of analysis in economic science 224 1971 Simon Kuznets 222 225 United States for his empirically founded interpretation of economic growth which has led to new and deepened insight into the economic and social structure and process of development 226 1972 Kenneth Arrow 222 227 United States for his pioneering contributions to general economic equilibrium theory and welfare theory 228 1973 Wassily Leontief 222 Russia Germany United States for the development of the input output method and for its application to important economic problems 229 1975 Leonid Kantorovich 222 Soviet Union for his contributions to the theory of optimum allocation of resources 230 1976 Milton Friedman 222 227 231 United States for his achievements in the fields of consumption analysis monetary history and theory and for his demonstration of the complexity of stabilization policy 232 1978 Herbert A Simon 222 233 United States for his pioneering research into the decision making process within economic organizations 234 1980 Lawrence Klein 222 233 United States for the creation of econometric models and the application to the analysis of economic fluctuations and economic policies 235 1985 Franco Modigliani 222 223 Italy United States for his pioneering analyses of saving and of financial markets 236 1987 Robert Solow 222 United States for his contributions to the theory of economic growth 237 1990 Harry Markowitz 222 233 United States for their pioneering work in the theory of financial economics 238 Merton Miller 222 233 1992 Gary Becker 222 233 United States for having extended the domain of microeconomic analysis to a wide range of human behaviour and interaction including nonmarket behaviour 239 1993 Robert Fogel 222 233 United States for having renewed research in economic history by applying economic theory and quantitative methods in order to explain economic and institutional change 240 1994 John Harsanyi 222 233 241 Hungary for their pioneering analysis of equilibria in the theory of non cooperative games 242 Reinhard Selten 243 Germany1997 Myron Scholes 222 233 244 Canada for a new method to determine the value of derivatives 245 246 Robert C Merton 247 United States2001 Joseph Stiglitz 222 233 for their analyses of markets with asymmetric information 248 George Akerlof 249 United States2002 Daniel Kahneman 222 233 Israel United States for having integrated insights from psychological research into economic science especially concerning human judgment and decision making under uncertainty 250 2005 Robert Aumann 222 251 Israel United States for having enhanced our understanding of conflict and cooperation through game theory analysis 252 2007 Leonid Hurwicz 222 253 254 255 256 United States Poland for having laid the foundations of mechanism design theory 257 Eric Maskin 222 256 258 United States Roger Myerson 222 256 2008 Paul Krugman 222 259 United States for his analysis of trade patterns and location of economic activity 260 2009 Elinor Ostrom 261 262 United States for her analysis of economic governance especially the commons 263 2010 Peter Diamond 264 265 United States for his analysis of markets with search frictions 266 2012 Alvin E Roth 267 United States for the theory of stable allocations and the practice of market design 268 2016 Oliver Hart 269 United States contributions to contract theory 2017 Richard Thaler 270 United States contributions have built a bridge between the economic and psychological analyses of individual decision making 2018 William Nordhaus 271 272 United States for integrating climate change into long run macroeconomic analysis 273 2019 Michael Kremer 274 United States for their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty 2020 Paul Milgrom United States for improvements to auction theory and inventions of new auction formats 275 2021 Joshua Angrist United States Israel for their methodological contributions to the analysis of causal relationships 276 2022 Ben Bernanke United States for research on banks and financial crises 277 2022 Douglas Diamond 278 Peace EditYear Laureate Country Rationale1911 Tobias Michael Carel Asser 279 Netherlands Initiator of the Conferences on International Private Law at the Hague Cabinet Minister Lawyer 280 Alfred Hermann Fried 281 Austria Journalist Founder of Die Friedenswarte 280 1968 Rene Cassin France President of the European Court for Human Rights 282 1973 Henry A Kissinger 283 United States For the 1973 Paris agreement intended to bring about a cease fire in the Vietnam War and a withdrawal of the American forces 284 285 1978 Menachem Begin 286 Israel for the Camp David Agreement which brought about a negotiated peace between Egypt and Israel 287 1986 Elie Wiesel 288 United States Chairman of The President s Commission on the Holocaust 289 1994 Yitzhak Rabin Israel to honour a political act which called for great courage on both sides and which has opened up opportunities for a new development towards fraternity in the Middle East 290 Shimon Peres1995 Joseph Rotblat Poland for his efforts to diminish the part played by nuclear arms in international politics and in the longer run to eliminate such arms 291 Forced to decline prize EditBoris Pasternak a Russian Jew who was awarded the 1958 prize for literature initially accepted the award but after intense pressure from Soviet authorities subsequently declined it 292 293 294 295 Jewish laureates per country EditBelow is a chart of all Jewish Nobel laureates per country updated to 2022 laureates Some laureates are counted more than once if have multiple citizenship Country Number of Jewish Nobel laureates United States 131 United Kingdom 15 Germany 13 Israel 13 France 10 Russia Soviet Union 10 Austria 10 Poland 5 Hungary 4 Italy 4 South Africa 4 Switzerland 4 Canada 3 Denmark 3 Belgium 2 Argentina 1 Sweden 1 Netherlands 1Nobel Laureates Boulevard Edit Monument and plaque honoring 2002 Economics Laureate Daniel Kahneman on Nobel Laureates Boulevard Promenade in Rishon LeZion Israel The Israeli city of Rishon LeZion has an avenue dedicated to honoring all Jewish Nobel laureates The street called Tayelet Hatanei Pras Nobel Nobel Laureates Boulevard Promenade has a monument with attached plaque for each Nobel laureate The scientific adviser of the project was Prof Israel Hanukoglu 296 See also EditList of Nobel laureates List of Muslim Nobel laureates List of Christian Nobel laureates List of black Nobel laureates List of Israeli Nobel laureatesReferences Edit All Nobel Prizes A remarkable week for Jewish Nobelהש Prize winners The Jewish Chronicle October 10 2013 Jews have won more than 20 per cent of the 850 plus prizes awarded despite making up just 0 2 per cent of world s population One of five Nobel Prize Laureates are Jewish Israel High Tech amp Investment Report December 2004 Retrieved 2010 02 15 Silverman Anav October 0012 Jews make up less than 0 32 of mankind ynetnews Brooks David January 11 2010 The Tel Aviv Cluster The New York Times p A23 Jews are a famously accomplished group They make up 0 2 percent of the world population but 54 percent of the world chess champions 27 percent of the Nobel physics laureates and 31 percent of the medicine laureates Jews make up 2 percent of the U S population but 21 percent of the Ivy League student bodies 26 percent of the Kennedy Center honorees 37 percent of the Academy Award winning directors 38 percent of those on a recent Business Week list of leading philanthropists 51 percent of the Pulitzer Prize winners for nonfiction Dobbs Stephen Mark October 12 2001 As the Nobel Prize marks centennial Jews constitute 1 5 of laureates J The Jewish News of Northern California Retrieved January 23 2009 Throughout the 20th century Jews more so than any other minority ethnic or cultural group have been recipients of the Nobel Prize perhaps the most distinguished award for human endeavor in the six fields for which it is given Remarkably Jews constitute almost one fifth of all Nobel laureates This in a world in which Jews number just a fraction of 1 percent of the population Ted Falcon David Blatner 2001 28 Judaism for dummies John Wiley amp Sons Similarly because Jews make up less than a quarter of one percent of the world s population it s surprising that over 20 percent of Nobel prizes have been awarded to Jews or people of Jewish descent a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint uses authors parameter link Lawrence E Harrison 2008 The Central Liberal Truth How Politics Can Change a Culture and Save It Oxford University Press p 102 That achievement is symbolized by the fact that 15 to 20 percent of Nobel Prizes have been won by Jews who represent two tenths of one percent of the world s population Jonathan B Krasner Jonathan D Sarna 2006 The History of the Jewish People Ancient Israel to 1880s America Behrman House Inc p 1 These accomplishments account for 20 percent of the Nobel Prizes awarded since 1901 What a feat for a people who make up only 2 percent of the world s population a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint uses authors parameter link Schuster Ruth 2013 10 09 Why do Jews win so many Nobels Retrieved 2018 03 17 Why have Jews won Nobel Prizes disproportionately Prof Robert Aumann Nobel Prize Economist YouTube 2017 04 17 Retrieved 2018 03 17 Pontz Zach 2013 10 29 Richard Dawkins Perplexed by High Number of Jewish Nobel Prize Winners Algemeiner com Retrieved 2018 03 17 Jews rank high among winners of Nobel but why not Israelis J The Jewish News of Northern California October 25 2002 There are three central theories given for Jewish academic achievement according to Shulamit Volkov professor of history at Tel Aviv University and author of The Magic Circle Germans Jews and Anti Semites The first theory says that Jews are cleverer than others a theory dismissed by Volkov and other serious academics The second theory proposed first by an American sociologist in 1919 holds that because Jews were on the margins of society they were forced to excel The third and more common explanation says Volkov states that generations of Jewish Orthodox learning later translated brilliantly into secular learning Noah Efron The Real Reason Why Jews Win So Many Nobel Prizes Haaretz October 21 2013 Mark Mietkiewicz Nobel Prize and the Jews Canadian Jewish News December 10 2018 Raphael Patai The Jewish Mind Wayne State University Press 1996 pp 339 371 547 548 About Jewish Nobel Prize Winners Beit Hatfutsot Winfrey selects Wiesel s Night for book club Associated Press January 16 2006 a b USC Shoah Foundation Institute testimony of Francois Englert USHMM Collections Search United States Holocaust Memorial Museum website Retrieved October 13 2013 a b Walter Kohn Autobiography Nobelprize org Retrieved 2011 10 19 They are dominated by my vivid recollections of 1 1 2 years as a Jewish boy under the Austrian Nazi regime On another level I want to mention that I have a strong Jewish identity and over the years have been involved in several Jewish projects such as the establishment of a strong program of Judaic Studies at the University of California in San Diego a b c d e f Hargittai Istvan 2003 The Road to Stockholm Nobel Prizes Science and Scientists Oxford University Press p 111 ISBN 978 0 19 860785 4 a b c d e f g A remarkable week for Jewish Nobel Prize winnersThe Jewish Chronicle October 10 2013 No less than six Jewish scientists were awarded Nobel Prizes this week Belgian born Francois Englert won the accolade in physics Also this week two American Jews were awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine James Rothman and Randy Schekman Meanwhile three Jewish American scientists Arieh Warshel Michael Levitt and Martin Karplus shared the Nobel Prize in chemistry Karplus fled the Nazi occupation of Austria as a child in 1938 a b c Hargittai Istvan 2003 The Road to Stockholm Nobel Prizes Science and Scientists Oxford University Press p 112 ISBN 978 0 19 860785 4 Hilary Brueck The world s oldest Nobel Prize winner a 96 year old physicist says his new invention will give everyone in the world clean cheap energy Business Insider January 26 2019 The Latest US scientist 96 is oldest to win Nobel Prize Associated Press October 2 2018 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Jewish Laureates of Nobel Prize in Chemistry Israel Science and Technology Directory Retrieved October 16 2011 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av Wentzel Van Huyssteen 2003 Encyclopedia of Science and Religion Volume 2 MacMillan Reference USA p 493 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at Feuer Lewis Samuel 1995 Varieties of Scientific Experience Emotive Aims in Scientific Hypotheses citing Encyclopaedia Judaica Transaction Publishers p 402 ISBN 978 1 56000 223 9 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv J Rogers Hollingsworth 2007 High Cognitive Complexity and the Making of Major Scientific Discoveries in Arnaud Sales Marcel Fournier eds Knowledge Communication and CreativitySage Studies in International Sociology SAGE 2007 p 136 ISBN 9780761943075 The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1905 Nobelprize org Retrieved 2008 10 06 Joan Comay Lavinia Cohn Sherbok 1995 Who s who in Jewish history after the period of the Old Testament Routledge p 264 ISBN 0 415 12583 9 Moissan whose mother was Jewish The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1906 Nobelprize org Retrieved 2008 10 06 The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1910 Nobelprize org Retrieved 2008 10 06 The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1915 Nobelprize org Retrieved 2008 10 06 Leroy Francis 2003 A Century of Nobel Prizes Recipients Chemistry Rhysics and Medicine CRC Press p 28 ISBN 978 0 8247 0876 4 The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1918 Nobelprize org Retrieved 2008 10 06 The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1943 Nobelprize org Retrieved 2008 10 06 The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1961 Nobelprize org Retrieved 2008 10 06 Georgina Ferry 2008 Max Perutz and the secret of life New York Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press p 2 ISBN 978 0 7011 7695 2 The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1962 Nobelprize org Retrieved 2008 10 06 The Christian B Anfinsen Papers Biographical Information Profiles in Science National Library of Medicine Retrieved 2011 10 19 a b The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1972 Nobelprize org Retrieved 2011 10 19 Radu Balescu Ilya Prigogine His Life His Work in Stuart Alan Rice 2007 Special volume in memory of Ilya Prigogine John Wiley and Sons p 2 In the history of science there are few examples of such a flashing and immense ascent as that of Ilya Prigogine Fig 1 The little Russian Jewish immigrant arrived in Brussels at the age of 12 Magnus Ramage Karen Shipp 2009 Systems Thinkers Springer p 277 Prigogine was born in January 1917 in Moscow His family had a difficult relationship with the new regime Prigogine 1977 being both Jewish and merchants Jean Maruani Roland Lefebvre Erkki Brandas eds 2003 Advanced Topics in Theoretical Chemical Physics Springer p xv Ilya Prigogine was born on January 25 1917 in Moscow Russia the second boy in a middle class Jewish family The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1977 Nobelprize org Retrieved 2008 10 06 Herbert C Brown Herbert C Brown in Tore Frangsmyr Sture Forsen 1993 Chemistry 1971 1980 World Scientific p 337 My parents came to London in 1908 as part of the vast Jewish immigration in the early part of this century The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1979 Nobelprize org Retrieved 2008 10 06 a b c d e f Hargittai Istvan 2003 The Road to Stockholm Nobel Prizes Science and Scientists Oxford University Press p 113 ISBN 978 0 19 860785 4 a b The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1980 Nobelprize org Retrieved 2008 10 06 The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1981 Nobelprize org Retrieved 2008 10 06 The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1982 Nobelprize org Retrieved 2008 10 06 Jerome Karle Archived 2013 10 05 at the Wayback Machine Profiles Humanities and the Arts City College of New York website Retrieved September 10 2011 Jerome Karle is an American Jewish physical chemist who shared the 1985 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with a fellow CCNY classmate Herbert Hauptman Seymour Sy Brody Jerome Karle Nobel Prize Archived 2014 10 24 at the Wayback Machine American Jewish Recipients of the Nobel Prize Florida Atlantic University Libraries website Retrieved September 10 2011 The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1985 Nobelprize org Retrieved 2008 10 06 Bernard S Schlessinger June H Schlessinger 1996 The who s who of Nobel Prize winners 1901 1995 Oryx Press p 101 Samuel Kurinsky Jewish Nobel Prize Winners Part I Chemistry Hebrew History Federation a b Press Release The 1986 Nobel Prize in Chemistry The Nobel Foundation Retrieved 31 March 2011 Some Concepts in Reaction Dynamics PDF The Nobel Foundation Retrieved 31 March 2011 The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1989 Nobelprize org Retrieved 2008 10 06 The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1992 Nobelprize org Retrieved 2008 10 19 a b c d e Schreiber Mordecai Schiff Alvin I Klenicki Leon eds 2003 Jewish Nobel Prize Winners The Shengold Jewish Encyclopedia Schreiber Publishing p 198 ISBN 1 887563 77 6 The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1998 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2011 10 19 Sir Harold Kroto Autobiography Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2012 10 14 The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1996 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 Leroy Francis 2003 A Century of Nobel Prizes Recipients Chemistry Rhysics and Medicine CRC Press p 108 ISBN 978 0 8247 0876 4 The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1998 Nobelprize org Retrieved 2008 10 06 Fant Kenne 2006 Alfred Nobel A Biography Arcade Publishing p 478 Heeger was born in Sioux City Iowa to a Jewish family The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2000 Nobelprize org Retrieved 2011 10 19 a b c d e Boaz Arad Best Jewish brains head to China Beijing conference on science and technology to host Israeli Jewish American Nobel laureates Yedioth Ahronoth January 11 2010 Three Nobel Prize laureates Ada Yonath Aaron Ciechanover and Avram Hershko are scheduled to take part in a conference in Beijing this month to present Israel s top achievements in the field of Chemistry The three will be joined by two Jewish American laureates Professor Roger Kornberg a biochemist and David Gross who won a physics Nobel Ciechanover Aaron 2009 The 2008 Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting Aaron Ciechanover Chemistry 2004 Journal of Visualized Experiments 29 doi 10 3791 1559 PMC 3148932 PMID 19571788 The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2004 Nobelprize org Retrieved 2008 10 06 Istvan Hargittai Magdolna Hargittai 2006 Candid Science VI Imperial College Press Both Irwin Rose s parents came from secular Jewish families on his maternal side the Greenwalds originated from Hungary and on his paternal side the Roses originated from the Odessa region of Russia Seymour Sy Brody Irwin Rose Chemistry Recipient 2004 Archived 2014 10 24 at the Wayback Machine American Jewish Recipients of the Nobel Prize Florida Atlantic University Libraries website Retrieved October 16 2011 Joe Eskenazi Winning Nobel Prizes seems to run in one family s chemistry and biology The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles October 12 2006 Arthur Kornberg who still has his own lab at Stanford Medical School at age 88 grew up in an Orthodox Brooklyn household where Yiddish was the first language His future wife Sylvy Levy also grew up Orthodox but the couple raised their children in a fairly secular environment Still the family had a strong Jewish and pro Israel identity and Roger Kornberg is a consistent donor to the San Francisco based Jewish Community Federation Roger married an Israeli scientist Yahli Lorch a Stanford professor of structural biology and they live almost half the year in their Jerusalem flat where he leads his research team remotely via the Internet Nadan Feldman U S Nobel laureate Israel must invest more in higher education Haaretz January 13 2012 explains Kornberg when asked about the values his father instilled in him and the atmosphere in which he grew up in a Jewish family in the 1950s The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2006 Nobelprize org Retrieved 2008 10 06 Seymour Sy Brody s Jewish Heroes and Heroines of America Exhibits Seymour Sy Brody s Jewish Heroes and Heroines of America Exhibits Retrieved 2018 03 17 Martin Chalfie Facts Nobelprize org 2014 05 21 Retrieved 2018 03 17 The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2008 Nobelprize org 2014 05 21 Retrieved 2018 03 17 The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2009 Nobelprize org Retrieved 2009 10 07 a b c d e Janice Arnold 2011 10 12 Nobel laureate is pride of Sherbrooke Jews Canadian Jewish News Shechtman was one of five Jews including a former Montrealer the late Ralph Steinman to receive the prestigious prize for their scientific endeavours Steinman and Bruce Beutler won for their groundbreaking work in discoveries on the immune system Saul Perlmutter and Adam Riess both American Jews won the prize in physics Looks Elka 2011 10 05 Jews make strong showing among 2011 Nobel Prize winners Haaretz Israeli scientist Daniel Shechtman has made headlines at home for winning the 2011 Nobel Prize in chemistry but he is not the only Jewish recipient Ralph Steinman and Bruce Beutler were awarded the Nobel Prize for medicine for their discoveries on the immune system Saul Perlmutter and Adam G Riess both American Jews are two of the three Nobel Prize in physics winners So far five of the seven Nobel Prize winners this year are Jewish The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2011 Nobelprize org Retrieved 2011 10 05 NY Jewish doctor wins Nobel Prize in Chemistry The Jerusalem Post Jewish Telegraphic Agency October 10 2012 The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2012 Nobelprize org Retrieved 2012 10 09 a b c Three Jewish American scientists two of which have Israeli citizenship won the 2013 Nobel Prize for chemistry The Jerusalem Post Jewish Telegraphic Agency October 19 2013 The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2013 Nobelprize org Retrieved 2013 10 09 Michael Levitt is a US British and Israeli citizen The Jerusalem Post October 9 2013 Fellow winner Michael Levitt a South Africa born professor also holds Israeli citizenship The Times of Israel October 9 2013 Martin Karplus a US and Austrian citizen The Jerusalem Post October 9 2013 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax Jewish Laureates of Nobel Prize in Biomedical Sciences Israel Science and Technology Directory Retrieved October 16 2012 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1908 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1914 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1922 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1930 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1931 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1936 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 a b Fred Skolnik Michael Berenbaum eds 2007 Encyclopaedia Judaica Volume 13 Macmillan Reference USA Keter Publishing House p 733 Jewish scientists have participated in this problem from the early days of Joseph Erlanger s research on nerve conduction to Richard Axel s dissection of the pathways relevant to olfactory function The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1944 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1945 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1946 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1947 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1950 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1952 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 a b The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1953 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1958 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1959 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 Leroy Francis 2003 A Century of Nobel Prizes Recipients Chemistry Physics and Medicine CRC Press p 291 ISBN 978 0 8247 0876 4 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1964 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1965 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1967 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1968 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1969 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1970 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1972 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1975 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1976 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1977 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1978 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1980 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 According to an interview published in Candid Science II by Istvan Hargittai Imperial College Press London 2002 p 562 Moncada S 2006 Sir John Robert Vane 29 March 1927 19 November 2004 Elected FRS 1974 PDF Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 52 401 411 doi 10 1098 rsbm 2006 0027 PMID 18551797 S2CID 38582901 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1984 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1985 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1986 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 Hargittai Istvan 2003 The Road to Stockholm Nobel Prizes Science and Scientists Oxford University Press p 110 ISBN 978 0 19 860785 4 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1988 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1989 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1994 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1997 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1998 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2000 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2002 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 Peter Badge Nikolaus Turner 2007 Nobel Faces A Gallery of Nobel Prize Winners Wiley VCH p 126 ISBN 978 3 527 40678 4 Axel was born to Polish Jewish refugees in New York in 1946 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2004 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2006 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2007 07 28 Canadian scientist wins Nobel prize days after death Archived 2011 12 26 at the Wayback Machine News Seymour David Steinman Retrieved 17 March 2018 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2011 Nobel Foundation Dr Ernest Beutler 1928 2008 tribunedigital chicagotribune 2008 10 10 Retrieved 2018 03 17 a b James Rothman and Randy Schekman both Jewish win together with Thomas Suedhof for discoveries on how proteins are transported within cells The Times of Israel October 7 2013 a b Prix Nobel de medecine 2013 un duo de chercheurs americains juifs recompense Le Monde Juif October 7 2013 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2011 Nobel Foundation The 2017 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Press Release www nobelprize org Retrieved 2017 12 10 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2020 www nobelprize org The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021 www nobelprize org Retrieved October 4 2021 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at Jewish Laureates of Nobel Prize in Physics Israel Science and Technology Directory Retrieved October 16 2012 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1907 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1908 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 a b Leroy Francis 2003 A Century of Nobel Prizes Recipients Chemistry Physics and Medicine CRC Press p 134 ISBN 978 0 8247 0876 4 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1921 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1922 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1925 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1943 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1944 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 Pauli had three Jewish grandparents When discussing his plans to leave Switzerland in 1940 he wrote Actually I suppose I am under German law 75 per cent Jewish Wolfgang Pauli Failed naturalisation and departure to the USA Archived from the original on 2009 09 13 Retrieved 2010 03 08 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1945 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1952 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1954 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 a b c Efron Noah 2014 A Chosen Calling Jews in Science in the Twentieth Century Johns Hopkins University Press ISBN 9781421413822 Ilya Frank Igor Tamm and Lev Landau Frank Tamm and Landau were like Ioffe himself born to Jewish parents The Nobel Prize in Physics 1958 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 Sklare Marshall 1982 Understanding American Jewry Transaction Publishers p 108 ISBN 978 0 87855 454 6 Comay Joan Cohn Sherbok Lavinia 2002 Who s who in Jewish history after the period of the Old Testament Routledge p 362 ISBN 978 0 415 26030 5 Schlessinger Bernard S Schlessinger June H 1996 The who s who of Nobel Prize winners 1901 1995 Oryx Press p 201 ISBN 978 0 89774 899 5 Parents Father Evgen Tamm Mother Olga Davidova Tamm Nationality Russian Religion Jewish James Ioan Mackenzie 2009 Driven to innovate a century of Jewish mathematicians and physicists Peter Lang p 262 ISBN 978 1 906165 22 2 Kuchment Mark June 1988 Reminiscences About I E Tamm Physics Today 41 6 82 Bibcode 1988PhT 41f 82F doi 10 1063 1 2811465 It is the story of a baptized German Jew Tamm means naive in Hebrew Feldman Burton 2000 The Nobel Prize A History of Genius Controversy and Prestige Arcade Publishing p 407 ISBN 9781559705929 Lyman Darryl 1996 Jewish Heroes amp Heroines Their Unique Achievements Jonathan David p 116 ISBN 9780824603885 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1959 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1960 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1961 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 Lev Landau Jewish Virtual Library Retrieved January 20 2012 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1962 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 Lev Landau Topmost Soviet Jewish Scientist Wins Nobel Prize Marton Kati 2006 The Great Escape Nine Jews Who Fled Hitler and Changed the World Simon amp Schuster p 4 ISBN 978 1 4165 4245 2 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1963 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 James Gleick Genius The Life and Science of Richard Feynman Random House 1995 p 85 Feynman as a New York Jew distinctly uninterested in either the faith or sociology of Judaism The Nobel Prize in Physics 1965 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1967 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 Leroy Francis 2003 A Century of Nobel Prizes Recipients Chemistry Physics and Medicine CRC Press p 183 ISBN 978 0 8247 0876 4 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1969 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1971 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 Bernard S Schlessinger June H Schlessinger 1996 The Who s Who of Nobel Prize Winners 1901 1995 Cooper Leon Neil Oryx Press p 605 Religion Jewish Kurtz Seymour 1985 Jewish America McGraw Hill p 244 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1972 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1973 Nobel Foundation Archived from the original on 2011 06 21 Retrieved 2008 10 09 Aage N Bohr Biographical The Nobel Foundation Retrieved 12 May 2015 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1975 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1976 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1978 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1979 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1981 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1987 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2011 10 18 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1988 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1990 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1992 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 a b The Nobel Prize in Physics 1995 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1996 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1997 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 The Nobel Prize in Physics 2000 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 The Nobel Prize in Physics 2003 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 David J Gross Autobiography Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2011 10 16 The Nobel Prize in Physics 2004 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 The Nobel Prize in Physics 2005 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 09 Wedding Nancy Schondorf And Adam Riess Wedding Drs Gail Michele Riess and Leonard Bruce Saltz Obituary Michael Riess The Nobel Prize in Physics 2011 Nobel Foundation Samuel Davidson led Yiddish revival The Jewish Public Forum at CLAL Archived from the original on 2002 03 29 Retrieved 2011 10 04 French Jewish physicist wins Nobel Prize along with American colleague Haaretz Jewish Telegraphic Agency October 9 2012 The Nobel Prize in Physics 2012 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2012 10 09 Tel Aviv University professor shares Nobel Prize in physics The Times of Israel October 8 2013 Professor Englert is a Belgian Jew Ziri Daniel Tel Aviv U affiliated prof who is a Holocaust survivor wins Nobel for physics The Jerusalem Post Reuters October 8 2013 The 80 year old Englert a Belgian Jew and Holocaust survivor The Nobel Prize in Physics 2013 Nobel Foundation Nicholas Pollard British Jewish Scientist Among Three Physics Nobel Awards The Forward October 4 2016 Nicholas Pollard American Jewish Scientist Among Three Physics Nobel Awards Quanta Magazine October 3 2017 Interview with Vladimir B PDF Retrieved 2017 10 03 A Small Town Jewish Family s Rebuke of Car Maker Henry Ford 18 December 2013 Retrieved 3 October 2017 Overbye Dennis Taylor Derrick Bryson 6 October 2020 Nobel Prize in Physics Awarded to 3 Scientists for Work on Black Holes The prize was awarded half to Roger Penrose for showing how black holes could form and half to Reinhard Genzel and Andrea Ghez for discovering a supermassive object at the Milky Way s center The New York Times Scientists of Jewish heritage among trio to win Nobel prize for black hole finds The Times of Israel Retrieved December 5 2022 In a 2007 interview with the Jerusalem Post he said his grandmother hid her origins and dissociated herself from her family but we learned that she came from Russia and that her family name was Nathanson Thus according to your rules I guess I could be considered Jewish even though I do not identify myself as one a b c d e f g h i j k l Jewish Laureates of Nobel Prize in Literature Israel Science and Technology Directory Retrieved October 16 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature 1910 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 17 Nobel Prize in Literature 1927 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 17 Nobel Prize in Literature 1958 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 17 a b Nobel Prize in Literature 1966 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 17 Nobel Prize in Literature 1976 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 17 Nobel Prize in Literature 1978 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 17 Nobel Prize in Literature 1981 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 17 Nobel Prize in Literature 1987 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 17 Nobel Prize in Literature 1991 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 17 Segel Harold B 2008 The Columbia Literary History of Eastern Europe Since 1945 Columbia University Press p 20 ISBN 978 0 231 13306 7 the few Hungarian writers who have attempted to deal with Hungary s role in the ware and the fate of the Hungarian Jewish population have been mostly Hungarian Jews Certainly the best known due to his receipt of the coveted Nobel Prize in Literature in 2002 is Imre Kertesz b 1929 Rubin Suleiman Susan Forgacs Eva eds 2003 Contemporary Jewish Writing in Hungary An Anthology University of Nebraska Press p xlvi Nobel Prize in Literature 2002 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 17 Dagmar C G Lorenz 2007 Keepers of the Motherland German texts by Jewish women writers University of Nebraska Press pp 251 252 ISBN 978 0 8032 2917 4 Jewish women s writing likewise employs satirical and grotesque elements when depicting non Jews Some do so pointedly such as Ilse Aichinger Elfriede Gerstl and Elifriede Jelinek Jelinek resumed the techniques of the Jewish interwar satirists Jelinek stresses her affinity to Karl Krauss and the Jewish Cabaret of the interwar era She claims her own Jewish identity as the daughter of a Holocaust victim her father thereby suggesting that there is a continuity of Vienna s Jewish tradition Berka 1993 137f Gilman 1995 3 Nobel Prize in Literature 2004 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 17 Billington Michael 2007 Harold Pinter London Faber and Faber p 2 ISBN 0 571 23476 3 Nobel Prize in Literature 2005 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 17 Nobel Prize Winner Patrick Modiano Who Jewish Quarterly Archived from the original on 2018 12 26 Patrick Modiano s Suspended Sentences New York Times website Nobel Prize in Literature 2014 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2014 10 09 The Nobel Prize in Literature 2020 NobelPrize org Retrieved 8 October 2020 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Jewish Laureates of Nobel Prize in Economics Israel Science and Technology Directory Retrieved October 16 2012 a b Stephen Harlan Norwood Eunice G Pollack 2008 American Jews in Economics Encyclopedia of American Jewish History Volume 1 ISBN 978 1 85109 638 1 p 719 The Nobel Prize in Economics 1970 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 20 Stephen Harlan Norwood Eunice G Pollack 2008 American Jews in Economics Encyclopedia of American Jewish History Volume 1 ISBN 978 1 85109 638 1 p 720 The Nobel Prize in Economics 1971 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 20 a b Stephen Harlan Norwood Eunice G Pollack 2008 American Jews in Economics Encyclopedia of American Jewish History Volume 1 ISBN 978 1 85109 638 1 p 718 The Nobel Prize in Economics 1972 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 20 The Nobel Prize in Economics 1973 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 20 The Nobel Prize in Economics 1975 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 20 Vane Howard R 2007 The Nobel Memorial Laureates in Economics An Introduction to their Careers Edward Elgar Publishing p 82 ISBN 978 1 84720 092 1 The Nobel Prize in Economics 1976 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 20 a b c d e f g h i j Stephen Harlan Norwood Eunice G Pollack 2008 American Jews in Economics Encyclopedia of American Jewish History Volume 1 ISBN 978 1 85109 638 1 p 721 The Nobel Prize in Economics 1978 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 20 The Nobel Prize in Economics 1980 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 20 The Nobel Prize in Economics 1985 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 20 The Nobel Prize in Economics 1987 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 20 The Nobel Prize in Economics 1990 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 20 The Nobel Prize in Economics 1992 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 20 The Nobel Prize in Economics 1993 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 20 Vane Howard R 2007 The Nobel Memorial Laureates in Economics An Introduction to their Careers Edward Elgar Publishing p 222 ISBN 978 1 84720 092 1 The Nobel Prize in Economics 1994 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 20 The Nobel Prize in Economics 1994 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 20 Lesley Simpson Endowment fund named for winner of Nobel Prize The Hamilton Spectator September 16 1998 p A8 The Nobel Prize in Economics 1997 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2011 10 28 Norwood Stephen Harlan Pollack Eunice G 2008 Encyclopedia of American Jewish History Volume 1 ABC CLIO p 721 ISBN 9781851096381 The Nobel Prize in Economics 1997 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2011 10 28 The Nobel Prize in Economics 2001 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 20 Florida Atlantic University Libraries Archived from the original on 2014 10 22 Retrieved 2012 10 10 The Nobel Prize in Economics 2002 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 20 Brief Bio Robert J Aumann Robert Aumann Retrieved 2010 04 17 Robert Aumann was born in Frankfurt am Main Germany in 1930 to a well to do orthodox Jewish family The Nobel Prize in Economics 2005 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 20 Seymour Sy Brody Leonid Hurwicz Nobel Prize in Economics Recipient 2007 Florida Atlantic University Libraries Archived from the original on 2011 10 09 Retrieved 2010 03 31 Leonid Hurwicz 1917 2008 Jewish Virtual Library American Israeli Cooperative Enterprise Retrieved 2010 03 31 A house resolution honoring Professor Leo Hurwicz on his 90th birthday Legislature of the State of Minnesota image via University of Minnesota umn edu 9 April 2007 Archived from the original on 2007 10 25 Retrieved 2007 10 16 a b c Pervos Stefanie 11 5 2007 Nobel Prize winners have Jewish Chicago connections JUF News Three Jewish scholars two with Chicago connections were awarded the 2007 Nobel Prize in Economic Science in October Leonid Hurwicz a professor emeritus at the University of Minnesota and former researcher at the University of Chicago Roger B Myerson a University of Chicago professor and Eric S Maskin of the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton New Jersey were honored for their joint work on mechanism design theory The Nobel Prize in Economics 2007 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 10 20 Silverstein Marilyn Nobel winner who s at home with Einstein Archived 2008 12 08 at the Wayback Machine New Jersey Jewish News November 8 2007 A native of New York Maskin grew up in New Jersey in a nonreligious Jewish home in the town of Alpine But is he culturally Jewish Sure he said It s a very rich culture and I m attracted to that side of it I listen to klezmer I m actually a clarinetist myself And there are certain Jewish foods I m especially fond of latkes chopped liver chicken soup with matza balls I like to cook and a lot of the things I cook have been handed down a stuffed cabbage recipe I m fond of a meat pie recipe I saw my grandmother do them Paul Krugman 2003 10 28 A Willful Ignorance The New York Times Retrieved 2010 04 17 Sure enough I was accused in various places not just of tolerance for anti Semitism yes I m Jewish The Nobel Prize in Economics 2008 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2009 10 20 Leonard Mike 6 December 2009 Nobel winner Elinor Ostrom is a gregarious teacher who loves to solve problems The Herald Times Bloomington Indiana Archived from the original on April 15 2015 Retrieved 15 April 2015 The story of non economist Elinor Ostrom The Swedish Wire December 9 2009 Archived from the original on December 14 2009 Retrieved June 12 2010 The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2009 Nobel Foundation Archived from the original on 2009 10 15 Retrieved 2009 10 12 Home MIT Hillel PDF Bessen Jeff 2010 10 20 Going to the head of the class Herald Community Newspapers Retrieved 2018 03 17 The Prize in Economic Sciences 2010 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2010 10 11 US economists tied to Israeli academia win Nobel JTA in The Jerusalem Post October 15 2012 The Nobel Prize in Economics 2012 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2012 10 15 Jewish economist at Harvard shares Nobel Prize The Jewish Telegraphic Agency October 10 2016 Jewish American Wins Nobel Prize in Economics The Jerusalem Post October 10 2017 Nuzzo Regina June 27 2006 Profile of William D Nordhaus Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 103 26 9753 9755 Bibcode 2006PNAS 103 9753N doi 10 1073 pnas 0601306103 PMC 1502525 PMID 16803963 Rochlin Harriet Rochlin Fred October 9 2018 Pioneer Jews A New Life in the Far West Houghton Mifflin Harcourt ISBN 978 0618001965 via Google Books The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2018 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2018 10 08 Jewish Celebrity Birthday Calendar The Prize in Economic Sciences 2020 Press release Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences The Prize in Economic Sciences 2021 PDF Press release Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences October 11 2021 The Prize in Economic Sciences 2022 Press release October 10 2022 Jewish Nobel Prize Winners in Economics www jinfo org Retrieved 2022 11 03 Abrams Irwin 2001 The Nobel Peace Prize and the Laureates An Illustrated Biographical History 1901 2001 Science History Publications p 78 ISBN 978 0 88135 388 4 a b The Nobel Peace Prize 1911 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 11 12 Abrams Irwin 2001 The Nobel Peace Prize and the Laureates An Illustrated Biographical History 1901 2001 Science History Publications p 76 ISBN 978 0 88135 388 4 The Nobel Peace Prize 1968 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 11 12 Abrams Irwin 2001 The Nobel Peace Prize and the Laureates An Illustrated Biographical History 1901 2001 Science History Publications p 220 ISBN 978 0 88135 388 4 The Nobel Peace Prize 1973 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 11 12 Lundestad Geir 2001 03 15 The Nobel Peace Prize 1901 2000 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 11 28 Abrams Irwin 2001 The Nobel Peace Prize and the Laureates An Illustrated Biographical History 1901 2001 Science History Publications p 239 ISBN 978 0 88135 388 4 The Nobel Peace Prize 1978 Nobel Foundation Retrieved 2008 11 12 Abrams Irwin 2001 The Nobel Peace Prize and the Laureates An Illustrated Biographical History 1901 2001 Science History Publications p 266 ISBN 978 0 88135 388 4 link, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.