The Bahrani Arabic dialect has been significantly influenced by the ancient Aramaic, Syriac, and Akkadian languages.[3][4]
An interesting sociolinguistic feature of Bahrain is the existence of two main dialects: Bahrani and Sunni Arabic.[5] Sunni Bahrainis speak a dialect which is most similar to urban dialect spoken in Qatar.
The Persian language has debatably the most foreign linguistic influence on all the Bahraini dialects.[6] The differences between Bahrani Arabic and other Bahraini dialects suggest differing historical origins. The main differences between Bahrani and non-Bahrani dialects are evident in certain grammatical forms and pronunciation. Most of the vocabulary, however, is shared between dialects, or is distinctly Bahraini, arising from a shared modern history. Many Bahrani words have also been borrowed from Urdu, Ottoman Turkish, or English.
Holes divides the sedentary dialects of the Gulf to two types:
Type A, which includes the dialects of Sunni tribes that settled in Eastern Arabia between the 17th and 19th century, and the Huwala. This group includes the standard Gulf Arabic dialects of Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, and UAE.
Type B, which includes the dialects of Omani Ibadis and Eastern Arabian Shia (the Baharna).
Bahrani Arabic (called Baħrāni by its speakers) shares many features with surrounding Type A dialects (e.g. Kuwait, UAE, Qatar). Some general features:
Classical Arabic /q/ becomes /g/, for example gamar (moon).
Classical Arabic /ð/ becomes /d/, for example danab (tail).
/q/ and /ð/ is preserved for some Classical Arabic borrowings, for example [ðulqaʕdah] (Dhu Al-Qa'dah).
Affrication of /k/ to /tʃ/ in many words, for example [tʃalb] (dog).
/θ/ has the free variant /f/, and in some dialects /t/, for example falāfeh or talāteh (three).
/dʒ/ becomes /j/ in some rural dialects, for example yiħħe (watermelon).
Usage of -sh suffix (/ʃ/) as a feminine second-person pronoun akin to masculine -k, for example babish (your door).
Usage of sentence-final particlee (pronounced [ɛː]) to indicate questions, for example 'inzaine (OK?).
^Jastrow, Otto (2002). Non-Arabic Semitic elements in the Arabic dialects of eastern Arabia. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. pp. 270–279. ISBN9783447044912. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
^Holes, Clive (2001). Dialect, Culture, and Society in Eastern Arabia: Glossary. BRILL. pp. XXIX–XXX. ISBN9004107630. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
^Bassiouney, Reem (2009). "5". Arabic Sociolinguistics. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. pp. 105–107.
^Dialect, Culture, and Society in Eastern Arabia: Glossary. Clive Holes. 2001. Page XXX. ISBN90-04-10763-0
^ abAl-Tajir, Mahdi Abdalla (1982). Language and linguistic origins in Baḥrain : the Baḥārnah dialect of Arabic. London: K. Paul International. ISBN0-7103-0024-7.
Further readingedit
Mahdi Abdalla Al-Tajir. 1983. Language and Linguistic Origins in Bahrain: The Bahrani Dialect of Arabic. ISBN0-7103-0024-7
Clive Holes. 1983. "Bahraini Dialects: Sectarian Differences and the Sedentary/Nomadic Split," Zeitschrift für arabische Linguistik 10:7-38.
Clive Holes. 1987. Language Variation and Change in a Modernising Arab State: The Case of Bahrain. ISBN0-7103-0244-4
Clive Holes. 2001. Dialect, Culture, and Society in Eastern Arabia: Glossary. ISBN90-04-10763-0
Clive Holes, "Dialect and National Identity. The Cultural Politics of Self-Representation in Bahraini Musalsalat", in Paul Dresch and James Piscatori (eds), Monarchies and Nations: Globalisation and Identity in the Arab states of the Gulf, London: I.B. Tauris, 2005, p. 60.
External linksedit
Bahrani Arabic test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator
Baharna Arabic Travel Phrases
April 11, 2024
bahrani, arabic, confused, with, bahraini, gulf, arabic, also, known, bahrani, baharna, arabic, variety, arabic, spoken, baharna, eastern, arabia, oman, bahrain, dialect, primarily, spoken, shia, villages, some, parts, manama, saudi, arabia, dialect, spoken, g. Not to be confused with Bahraini Gulf Arabic Bahrani Arabic also known as Bahrani or Baharna Arabic is a variety of Arabic spoken by the Baharna in Eastern Arabia and Oman 2 In Bahrain the dialect is primarily spoken in Shia villages and some parts of Manama In Saudi Arabia the dialect is spoken in the governorate of Qatif In Oman it is spoken in the governorates of Al Dhahirah and Al Batinah Bahrani ArabicBaharna ArabicBahrani Shiʿite Arabicالعربية البحرانيةNative toBahrain Saudi Arabia 1 EthnicityBaharnaNative speakers730 000 2019 1 Language familyAfro Asiatic SemiticCentral SemiticArabicPeninsularBahrani ArabicDialectsQatifiWriting systemArabic alphabet Arabic chat alphabetLanguage codesISO 639 3 a href https iso639 3 sil org code abv class extiw title iso639 3 abv abv a Glottologbaha1259 image reference needed The Bahrani Arabic dialect has been significantly influenced by the ancient Aramaic Syriac and Akkadian languages 3 4 An interesting sociolinguistic feature of Bahrain is the existence of two main dialects Bahrani and Sunni Arabic 5 Sunni Bahrainis speak a dialect which is most similar to urban dialect spoken in Qatar The Persian language has debatably the most foreign linguistic influence on all the Bahraini dialects 6 The differences between Bahrani Arabic and other Bahraini dialects suggest differing historical origins The main differences between Bahrani and non Bahrani dialects are evident in certain grammatical forms and pronunciation Most of the vocabulary however is shared between dialects or is distinctly Bahraini arising from a shared modern history Many Bahrani words have also been borrowed from Urdu Ottoman Turkish or English Contents 1 Examples of words borrowed from other languages 2 Features 2 1 Phonology 3 See also 4 References 5 Further reading 6 External linksExamples of words borrowed from other languages editbanka ceiling fan from Persian sōman equipment from Urdu letar lighter from English wil wheel from English tem time from English dareesha window from Ottoman Turkish dowshag mattress from Persian orradi already from English leitat lights from EnglishBahrani dialect has borrowed some vocabulary from Persian Urdu Ottoman Turkish and more recently from English Features editHoles divides the sedentary dialects of the Gulf to two types Type A which includes the dialects of Sunni tribes that settled in Eastern Arabia between the 17th and 19th century and the Huwala This group includes the standard Gulf Arabic dialects of Kuwait Qatar Bahrain and UAE Type B which includes the dialects of Omani Ibadis and Eastern Arabian Shia the Baharna Bahrani Arabic called Baħrani by its speakers shares many features with surrounding Type A dialects e g Kuwait UAE Qatar Some general features Classical Arabic q becomes g for example gamar moon Classical Arabic d becomes d for example danab tail q and d is preserved for some Classical Arabic borrowings for example dulqaʕdah Dhu Al Qa dah Affrication of k to tʃ in many words for example tʃalb dog 8 has the free variant f and in some dialects t for example falafeh or talateh three dʒ becomes j in some rural dialects for example yiħħe watermelon Usage of sh suffix ʃ as a feminine second person pronoun akin to masculine k for example babish your door Usage of sentence final particle e pronounced ɛː to indicate questions for example inzaine OK Phonology edit Bahrani Arabic consonants 7 Labial Dental Denti alveolar Alveolar Palatal Velar Uvular Pharyngeal Glottalplain emphatic plain emphaticNasal m nPlosive voiceless t tˤ tʃ k q ʔvoiced b d dˤ dʒ ɡFricative voiceless f 8 s sˤ ʃ x ħ hvoiced d z ɣ ʕTrill rApproximant l j wBahrani Arabic vowels 7 Front BackClose i iː u uːMid e eː o oːOpen a aː ɑ ɑːSee also editVarieties of Arabic Peninsular ArabicReferences edit a b Bahrani Arabic at Ethnologue 25th ed 2022 nbsp Arabic Baharna Spoken Ethnologue Retrieved 2013 07 29 Jastrow Otto 2002 Non Arabic Semitic elements in the Arabic dialects of eastern Arabia Otto Harrassowitz Verlag pp 270 279 ISBN 9783447044912 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a work ignored help Holes Clive 2001 Dialect Culture and Society in Eastern Arabia Glossary BRILL pp XXIX XXX ISBN 9004107630 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a work ignored help Bassiouney Reem 2009 5 Arabic Sociolinguistics Edinburgh Edinburgh University Press pp 105 107 Dialect Culture and Society in Eastern Arabia Glossary Clive Holes 2001 Page XXX ISBN 90 04 10763 0 a b Al Tajir Mahdi Abdalla 1982 Language and linguistic origins in Baḥrain the Baḥarnah dialect of Arabic London K Paul International ISBN 0 7103 0024 7 Further reading editMahdi Abdalla Al Tajir 1983 Language and Linguistic Origins in Bahrain The Bahrani Dialect of Arabic ISBN 0 7103 0024 7 Clive Holes 1983 Bahraini Dialects Sectarian Differences and the Sedentary Nomadic Split Zeitschrift fur arabische Linguistik 10 7 38 Clive Holes 1987 Language Variation and Change in a Modernising Arab State The Case of Bahrain ISBN 0 7103 0244 4 Clive Holes 2001 Dialect Culture and Society in Eastern Arabia Glossary ISBN 90 04 10763 0 Clive Holes Dialect and National Identity The Cultural Politics of Self Representation in Bahraini Musalsalat in Paul Dresch and James Piscatori eds Monarchies and Nations Globalisation and Identity in the Arab states of the Gulf London I B Tauris 2005 p 60 External links edit nbsp Bahrani Arabic test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator Baharna Arabic Travel Phrases Dialects of the Arabian Peninsula Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bahrani Arabic amp oldid 1197755013, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
