Club of Madrid

Club de Madrid is an independent, non-partisan, non-profit organization created to promote democracy and change in the international community. It is composed of 126 regular members from 73 countries,^[2] including 7 Nobel Peace Prize laureates and 20 first female heads of State or Government. Club de Madrid is the world's largest forum of former heads of state and government.^[3]

Club de Madrid

Formation	2001
Headquarters	Madrid, Spain
President	Danilo Türk^[1]
Vice Presidents	Han Seung-soo Laura Chinchilla Miranda^[1]
Website	www.clubmadrid.org

Among its main goals are the strengthening of democratic institutions and counseling on the resolution of political conflicts in two key areas: democratic leadership and governance, and response to crisis and post-crisis situations.^[3]

History and actions

Club de Madrid was founded in October 2001 as a result of the Conference on Democratic Transition and Consolidation held in Madrid with the objective of creating a permanent forum for governments to consult, and "be able to access expert's opinions". The event was organized by the think tank FRIDE (Fundación para las Relaciones Internacionales y el Diálogo Exteriores).^[4]

The Conference was attended by 32 current and former heads of state and government, who discussed their ideas and conclusions with over 100 experts. Among the attendees were former President of the USSR Mikhaíl Gorbachov, former Canadian Prime Minister Kim Campbell, King Juan Carlos I of Spain, former democratic Prime Ministers of Spain Adolfo Suárez, Leopoldo Calvo Sotelo, Felipe González and José María Aznar, former Prime Minister of the Central African Republic Martin Ziguele, and US President Bill Clinton.^[4]

 

Club de Madrid members at an Annual Policy Dialogue in Madrid in 2019

The Club's first Secretary General was the co-founder of FRIDE, Antonio Álvarez-Couceiro, and its first President was former President of Brasil Fernando Henrique Cardoso,^[5] who held that post until 2006. In 2004, former Canadian Prime Minister Kim Campbell became Secretary General until 2006,^[6] when the Spanish diplomat Fernando Perpiñá-Robert took the post. Former President of Chile Ricardo Lagos was elected as the organization's President in 2006,^[7] until 2010, when he ceded the position to former Prime Minister of the Netherlands Wim Kok. Also in 2010, Carlos Westendorp, Spanish diplomat and politician, became Secretary General.

Former President of Latvia Vaira Vīķe-Freiberga was elected President of the Club in 2014. In 2016, María Elena Agüero became Secretary General^[8] and, in 2019, former President of Slovenia Danilo Türk was elected President, posts they both still hold.^[9]

The Club's first General Assembly was held in Madrid in October 2002 approved the organization's first Annual Policy Dialogue,^[10] year-long initiatives that involve members, other organizations, and experts in working grops to formulate policy recommendations on the decided topic. The results of some Annual Policy Dialogues and other programs have been echoed and supported in national and international legislation and pacts.^[11]

List of Annual Policy Dialogues

Year	Topic	Place
2002	Democracy^[12]	Palace Hotel, Madrid
2003	The Role of the IMF and its Contribution to Democratic Governance^[13]	Palace Hotel, Madrid
2004	Democracies in Danger: Diagnoses and Prescriptions^[14]	Parliament, Madrid
2005	Democracy in the Post Communist World: Unfinished Business^[15]	Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Prague
2005	International Summit on Democracy, Security and Terrorism^[16]	Madrid, Spain
2006	Challenges of Energy and Democratic Leadership^[17]	Palace of the Senate, Madrid
2007	Democratizing Energy: Geopolitics and Power^[18]	Instituto Cervantes, Madrid
2008	Leadership for Shared Societies^[19]	Rotterdam, Netherlands
2009	Political Dimensions of the World Economic Crisis^[20]	Palacio de Congresos, Madrid
2010	Reconstruction and Democratic Development: the Case of Haiti^[21]	Representation of the European Commission in Spain, Madrid
2011	Digital Technologies for 21st Century Democracy^[22]	New York, USA
2012	Asia Pacific Forum: Building a More Resilient Pacific in the 21st Century World Order^[23]	Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia
2012	Harnessing 21st Century Solutions: a Focus on Women^[24]	Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
2013	South Caucasus Forum^[25]	Ganja and Baku, Azerbaijan
2014	Societies that Work: Jobs for Inclusive Growth^[26]	Coolum Beach, Queensland, Australia
2014	II Global Shared Societies Forum^[27]	Baku, Azerbaijan
2014	Democracy and Human Rights: a Call to Action^[28]	Florence, Italy
2015	Preventing and Countering Violent Extremism^[29]	Madrid, Spain
2016	Inclusive, Sustainable and Resilient Cities in the Belt and Road Initiative^[30]	Guangzhou, China
2018	Education for Shared Societies^[31]	Lisbon, Portugal
2019	Digital Transformation and the Future of Democracy^[32]	Madrid, Spain
2020	Multilateralism that Delivers^[33]	Online
2021	Rethinking Democracy^[34]	Online
2022	Leading in a World of Converging Crises^[35]	Berlin, Germany
2023	Rethinking Social Development for People and Planet^[36]	Brazil

The Club de Madrid pushed for a constitutional reform in Haiti^[37] and promoted the adoption of a National Pact in 2014 to reach a democratic consensus.^[38]

With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, Club de Madrid called for international cooperation, solidarity, and policies such as the "creation of an international fund for assistance to the Global South to deal with the consequences of COVID-19" and supported "the IMF’s call for coordinated fiscal stimuli to mitigate against long-lasting economic damage". The organization called on the World Bank to support the coordinated purchase of pandemic response equipment.^[39]

 

Club de Madrid members at an Annual Policy Dialogue in Portugal in 2018

Club de Madrid issued a statement in support of the 2020 International Day of the World's Indigenous Peoples, endorsing practices of restorative justice and highlighting the cosmovision of numerous indigenous peoples towards nature.^[40] Also in 2020, the organization appealed to the authorities of Belarus to "stop detentions and the use of force against unarmed demonstrators" after the presidential elections in the country.^[41]

Club de Madrid also condemned the 2021 coup d'état in Myanmar and called for the "immediate and unconditional release of President Win Myint, State Counsellor Daw Aung Sang Suu Kyi, members of government, of the National League for Democracy (NLD) and of civil society activists who have been detained".^[42] Also in 2021, the organization and 46 of its members publicly supported the suspension of the WTO's intellectual property rules towards COVID-19 vaccines to make vaccination more accessible.^[43]

In June 2022, the Club de Madrid called on the Tunisian President Kais Saied to release the politician Hamadi Jebali.^[44] Club de Madrid has also repeatedly called for the release of opposition leader Alexei Navalny and other political prisoners in Russia, and for the end of the war in Ukraine through dialogue and diplomacy.^[45]

In response to the January 8th Brazilian Congress attack, Club de Madrid condemned the event.^[46]

Composition and structure

As of April 2023, there are 126 full members, all of whom are previous government officials with full voting rights. The Club also has institutional members and foundations – private and public organizations that share similar democratic objectives, including FRIDE, the Gorbachev Foundation of North America (GFNA), both original sponsors of the founding conference in 2001,^[47] the Madrid City Council, the Regional Government of Madrid, and the Government of Spain.^[48] Additionally, there are six honorary members (e.g. Javier Solana, Aung San Suu Kyi^[49]) and several fellows, who are experts on democratic change.^[50]

Full members, representatives of the constituent foundations, the Secretary General of the organization, and honorary members form the General Assembly, the highest representative and governing body of Club de Madrid. The General Assembly meets at least once a year to vote on the organization's activities and reports, the proposal of new members, and the designation of the Secretary General, Board of Directors and President, among other activities.^[51]

The Board of Directors manages the interests of the organization according to the directives of the General Assembly. The body is composed of the President, currently Danilo Türk, two Vice-Presidents, currently former South Korean Prime Minister Han Seung-soo and former President of Costa Rica Laura Chinchilla, one member from each constituent foundation, the Secretary General, and up to six other members.^[52]

The President represents the organization and is elected for a term of three years, renewable once. The Vice-Presidents are also elected for three years, renewable once, and they work closely with the President.^[53]

 

Club de Madrid's Secretariat

Club de Madrid has two advisory bodies, the President's Circle, made up of individuals and organizations that support the Club's objectives, and the Advisory Committee, composed of fellows who are experts in their fields. The Secretariat, under the direction of the Secretary General, is responsible for the daily management of the Club de Madrid.^[54]

Funding

Club de Madrid is a non-profit organization and members offer their services on a pro bono basis. It relies financially on donations which are used to support a permanent Secretariat and fund specific projects. The Club's accounts are audited annually by an external organization and publicly availeable.^[55]

The Club of Madrid Foundation Inc. (COMFI) is a grant-making foundation that has US 501(c)(3) tax exemption status. It exists to raise funds in support of the Club's charitable and educational activities. COMFI is independent and not controlled by the Club itself, but solely by a four-person Board of Directors.^[56]

Members

Club de Madrid has 126 full members of which 19 are former Heads of State and/or government from Africa and the Middle East, 29 from the Americas, 16 from Asia-Pacific, and 57 from Europe.

List of current members

List of members as of July 17th 2023.^[57]

	Name	Age	Nation	Party	Office(s) held
	Valdas Adamkus	97	Lithuania	None	President of Lithuania (1998–2003, 2004–2009)
	Esko Aho	69	Finland	Centre	Prime Minister of Finland (1991–1995)
	Óscar Arias	83	Costa Rica	PLN	President of Costa Rica (1986–1990, 2006–2010)
	José María Aznar	70	Spain	PP	President of the Government of Spain (1996–2004)
	Michelle Bachelet	72	Chile	Socialist	President of Chile (2006–2010, 2014–2018) Executive Director of UN Women (2010–2013) United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (2018–2022)
	Jan Peter Balkenende	67	Netherlands	CDA	Prime Minister of the Netherlands (2002–2010)
	Joyce Banda	73	Malawi	People's Party	President of Malawi (2012–2014)
	Rupiah Banda	86	Zambia	MMD	President of Zambia (2008–2011)
	José Manuel Barroso	67	Portugal	PSD	Prime Minister of Portugal (2002–2004) President of the European Commission (2004–2014)
	Carl Bildt	74	Sweden	Moderate	Prime Minister of Sweden (1991–1994) High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina (1995–1997)
	Valdis Birkavs	81	Latvia	LC	Prime Minister of Latvia (1993–1994)
	Kjell Magne Bondevik	76	Norway	Christian Democratic	Prime Minister of Norway (1997–2000, 2001–2005)
	Gordon Brown	72	United Kingdom	Labour	Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (2007–2010)
	Gro Harlem Brundtland	84	Norway	Labour	Prime Minister of Norway (1981, 1986–1989, 1990–1996) Director-General of the World Health Organization (1998–2003)
	John Bruton	76	Ireland	Fine Gael	Taoiseach of Ireland (1994–1997) EU Ambassador to the United States (2004–2009)
	Jerzy Buzek	83	Poland	Civic Platform	Prime Minister of Poland (1997–2001) President of the European Parliament (2009–2012)
	Felipe Calderón	61	Mexico	PAN	President of Mexico (2006–2012)
	Micheline Calmy-Rey	78	Switzerland	Social Democratic	Member of the Federal Council (2003–2011) (President in 2007 and 2011)
	Kim Campbell	76	Canada	Progressive Conservative	Prime Minister of Canada (1993)
	Fernando Henrique Cardoso	92	Brazil	Social Democracy	President of Brazil (1995–2003)
	Aníbal Cavaco Silva	84	Portugal	Social Democratic	Prime Minister of Portugal (1985–1995) President of Portugal (2006–2016)
	Laura Chinchilla	64	Costa Rica	PLN	President of Costa Rica (2010–2014)
	Joaquim Chissano	84	Mozambique	FRELIMO	President of Mozambique (1986–2005)
	Jean Chrétien	89	Canada	Liberal	Prime Minister of Canada (1993–2003)
	Helen Clark	73	New Zealand	Labour	Prime Minister of New Zealand (1999–2008)
	Bill Clinton	77	United States	Democratic	President of the United States (1993–2001)
	Marie-Louise Coleiro Preca	64	Malta	Labour	President of Malta (2014–2019)
	Dominique de Villepin	70	France	RS	Prime Minister of France (2005–2007)
	Philip Dimitrov	68	Bulgaria	SDS	Prime Minister of Bulgaria (1991–1992)
	Luísa Diogo	65	Mozambique	FRELIMO	Prime Minister of Mozambique (2004–2010)
	Leonel Fernández	69	Dominican Republic	PLD	President of the Dominican Republic (1996–2000, 2004–2012)
	José María Figueres	68	Costa Rica	PLN	President of Costa Rica (1994–1998)
	Vigdís Finnbogadóttir	93	Iceland	None	President of Iceland (1980–1996)
	Vicente Fox	81	Mexico	PAN	President of Mexico (2000–2006)
	Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle	81	Chile	Christian Democratic	President of Chile (1994–2000)
	Yasuo Fukuda	87	Japan	Liberal Democratic	Prime Minister of Japan (2007–2008)
	César Gaviria	76	Colombia	Liberal	President of Colombia (1990–1994) Secretary General of the Organization of American States (1994–2004)
	Amine Pierre Gemayel	81	Lebanon	Kata'eb	President of Lebanon (1982–1988)
	Felipe González	81	Spain	PSOE	President of the Government of Spain (1982–1996)
	Dalia Grybauskaitė	67	Lithuania	None	President of Lithuania (2009–2019)
	Alfred Gusenbauer	63	Austria	Social Democratic	Chancellor of Austria (2007–2008)
	António Guterres	74	Portugal	Socialist	Prime Minister of Portugal (1995–2002) UN High Commissioner for Refugees (2005–2016) UN Secretary-General (2016–present)
	Tarja Halonen	79	Finland	Social Democratic	President of Finland (2000–2012)
	Han Seung-soo	86	South Korea	Saenuri	Prime Minister of South Korea (2008–2009)
	François Hollande	69	France	PS	President of France (2012–2017)
	Osvaldo Hurtado	84	Ecuador	Christian Democratic	President of Ecuador (1981–1984)
	Hamadi Jebali	74	Tunisia	Ennahdha (until 2014) None (since 2014)	Head of Government of Tunisia (2011–2013)
	Ellen Johnson Sirleaf	85	Liberia	None	President of Liberia (2006–2018)
	Mehdi Jomaa	61	Tunisia	None (until 2017) Tunisian Alternative (since 2017)	Head of Government of Tunisia (2014–2015)
	Ivo Josipović	66	Croatia	SDP	President of Croatia (2010–2015)
	Alain Juppé	78	France	UMP	Prime Minister of France (1995–1997)
	Horst Köhler	80	Germany	Christian Democratic	President of Germany (2004–2010)
	Milan Kučan	82	Slovenia   Yugoslavia	Communist (until 1990) None (since 1990)	President of Slovenia (1991–2002)
	John Kufuor	84	Ghana	NPP	President of Ghana (2001–2009) Chairman of the AU (2007–2008)
	Chandrika Kumaratunga	78	Sri Lanka	SLFP	President of Sri Lanka (1994–2005)
	Aleksander Kwaśniewski	69	Poland	None (since 1995)	President of Poland (1995–2005)
	Luis Alberto Lacalle	82	Uruguay	PN	President of Uruguay (1990–1995)
	Ricardo Lagos	85	Chile	PPD	President of Chile (2000–2006)
	Zlatko Lagumdžija	67	Bosnia and Herzegovina	Social Democratic	Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina (2001–2002)
	Lee Hong-koo	67	South Korea	NKP South Korea	Prime Minister of South Korea (1994–1995)
	Yves Leterme	57	Belgium	CD&V	Prime Minister of Belgium (2009–2011)
	Enrico Letta	57	Italy	PD	Prime Minister of Italy (2013–2014)
	Doris Leuthard	60	Switzerland	CVP/PDC/PPD/PCD	Member of the Federal Council (2006–2018) (President in 2010 and 2017)
	Thabo Mbeki	81	South Africa	ANC	President of South Africa (1999–2008)
	Rexhep Meidani	79	Albania	Socialist	President of Albania (1997–2002)
	Carlos Mesa	70	Bolivia	FRI	President of Bolivia (2003–2005)
	James Michel	79	Seychelles	US	President of Seychelles (2004–2016)
	Festus Mogae	84	Botswana	BDP	President of Botswana (1998–2008)
	Mario Monti	80	Italy	None	Prime Minister of Italy (2011–2013)
	Olusegun Obasanjo	86	Nigeria	PDP	Head of the Federal Military Government of Nigeria (1976–1979) President of Nigeria (1999–2007)
	Roza Otunbayeva	73	Kyrgyzstan	Social Democratic (2007–2010)	President of Kyrgyzstan (2010–2011)
	Anand Panyarachun	91	Thailand	None	Prime Minister of Thailand (1991–1992)
	George Papandreou	71	Greece	Socialist	Prime Minister of Greece (2009–2011)
	Andrés Pastrana	69	Colombia	Conservative	President of Colombia (1998–2002)
	Pratibha Patil	88	India	INC	President of India (2007–2012)
	P.J. Patterson	88	Jamaica	PNP (until 2011)	Prime Minister of Jamaica (1992–2006)
	Sebastián Piñera	73	Chile	None	President of Chile (2010–2014; 2018–2022)
	Romano Prodi	84	Italy	Democratic	President of the European Commission (1999–2004) President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (1996–1998, 2006–2008)
	Punsalmaagiin Ochirbat	81	Mongolia	None	President of Mongolia (1990–1997)
	Jorge Quiroga	63	Bolivia	PODEMOS	President of Bolivia (2001–2002)
	Iveta Radičová	66	Slovakia	SDKÚ-DS (2006–2012)	Prime Minister of Slovakia (2010–2012)
	Mariano Rajoy	68	Spain	PP	President of the Government of Spain (2011–2018)
	José Manuel Ramos-Horta	73	East Timor	None	Prime Minister of East Timor (2006–2007) President of East Timor (2007–2012)
	Poul Nyrup Rasmussen	80	Denmark	Social Democrats	Prime Minister of Denmark (1993–2001)
	Mary Robinson	79	Ireland	None	President of Ireland (1990–97) UN High Commissioner for Human Rights (1997–2002)
	José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero	63	Spain	PSOE	President of the Government of Spain (2004–2011)
	Petre Roman	77	Romania	FSN (1989–1991)	Prime Minister of Romania (1989–1991)
	Kevin Rudd	66	Australia	ALP	Prime Minister of Australia (2007–2010, 2013)
	Julio María Sanguinetti	87	Uruguay	PC	President of Uruguay (1985–1990, 1995–2000)
	Wolfgang Schüssel	78	Austria	ÖVP	Chancellor of Austria (2000–2007)
	Jenny Shipley	71	New Zealand	National	Prime Minister of New Zealand (1997–1999)
	Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir	81	Iceland	Social Democratic Alliance	Prime Minister of Iceland (2009–2013)
	Fuad Siniora	80	Lebanon	FM	Prime Minister of Lebanon (2005–2009)
	Alexander Stubb	55	Finland	NCP	Prime Minister of Finland (2014–2015)
	Hanna Suchocka	77	Poland	UD	Prime Minister of Poland (1992–1993)
	Boris Tadić	65	Serbia	Social Democratic	President of Serbia (2004–2012)
	Jigme Thinley	71	Bhutan	DPT	Prime Minister of Bhutan (2008–2013)
	Helle Thorning-Schmidt	56	Denmark	Social Democrats	Prime Minister of Denmark (2011–2015)
	Martín Torrijos	60	Panama	PRD	President of Panama (2004–2009)
	Aminata Touré	61	Senegal	APR	Prime Minister of Senegal (2013–2014)
	Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj	60	Mongolia	Democratic Party	Prime Minister of Mongolia (2004–2006) President of Mongolia (2009–2017)
	Danilo Türk	71	Slovenia	None	President of Slovenia (2007–2012)
	Cassam Uteem	82	Mauritius	MMM	President of Mauritius (1992–2002)
	Herman Van Rompuy	76	Belgium	CD&V	Prime Minister of Belgium (2008–2009) President of the European Council (2009–2014)
	Guy Verhofstadt	70	Belgium	VLD	Prime Minister of Belgium (1999–2008)
	Vaira Vīķe-Freiberga	85	Latvia	None	President of Latvia (1999–2007)
	Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono	74	Indonesia	Democratic Party	President of Indonesia (2004–2014)
	Ernesto Zedillo	71	Mexico	PRI	President of Mexico (1994–2000)
	Moussa Mara	48	Mali	Change Party	Prime Minister of Mali (2014-2015)
	Hilda Heine	72	Marshall Islands	Idependent	President of the Marshall Islands(2016-2020)
	Ram Nath Kovind	77	India	BJP	President of India (2017–2022)
	Carlos Alvarado	43	Costa Rica	Citizens' Action Party	President of Costa Rica (2018-2022)
	Mauricio Macri	64	Argentina	Republican Proposal	President of Argentina (2015-2019)
	Francisco Sagasti	78	Peru	Purple Party	President of Peru (2020-2021)
	Joachim Gauck	83	Germany	Independent	President of Germany (2012-2017)
	Jean-Claude Juncker	68	Luxembourg	Christian Social People's Party	Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1995-2013) President of the European Commission (2014-2019)
	Stefan Löfven	65	Sweden	Social Democratic Party	Prime Minister of Sweden (2014-2021)
	Viktor Yushchenko	69	Ukraine	Our Ukraine	President of Ukraine (2005-2010)
	Valdis Zatlers	68	Latvia	Reform Party	President of Latvia (2007-2011)

List of secretaries-general

	Name	Start	End	Nation	Party	Office(s) held
	Antonio Álvarez-Couceiro	2002	2004	Spain		Co-founder of FRIDE
	Kim Campbell	2004	2006	Canada	Conservative Party	Minister of National Defence (1993) Minister of Veterans Affairs (1993) Minister of Justice and Attorney General (1993) Minister of State (Indian Affairs and Northern Development) (1993) Prime Minister of Canada (1993)
	Fernando Perpiñá-Robert	2006	2010^[58]	Spain		Spanish diplomat
	Carlos Westendorp	2010^[58]	2016	Spain	SSWP	Minister of Foreign Affairs (1995-1996)
	María Elena Agüero	2016	Present

List of honorary members

	Name	Age	Nation	Party	Office(s) held
	Aung San Suu Kyi	78	Myanmar	NLD	State Counsellor of Myanmar (2016–2021)
	Ban Ki-moon	79	South Korea	None	Secretary-General of the United Nations (2007–2016)
	Jimmy Carter	99	United States	Democratic	President of the United States (1977–81)
	Enrique V. Iglesias	93	Uruguay   Spain	(unknown)	President of the Inter-American Development Bank (1998–2005) Secretary General of the Iberoamerican General Secretariat (2005–13)
	Jacques Delors	98	France	Socialist	President of the European Commission (1985–95)
	Javier Solana	81	Spain	Socialist	Secretary General of NATO (1995–99) and High Representative of the EU for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy (1999–2009)
	José Ángel Gurria	73	Mexico	PRI	Secretary General of OECD (2006-2021)
	Juan Somavia	82	Chile	None	Director of the International Labour Organization (1999-2012)

List of members of the constituent foundations

	Name	Age	Nation	Party	Office(s) held
	Diego Hidalgo	81	Spain	(unknown)	Founder and President of, and donor to, Fundación para las Relaciones Internacionales y el Diálogo Exterior (FRIDE) Founding Member and Senior Fellow of the Gorbachev Foundation of North America (GFNA)^[59]
	T. Anthony Jones	(unknown)	(unknown)	(unknown)	Vice-president and executive director of GFNA^[60]
	George Matthews	(unknown)	United States	(unknown)	Chairman and co-founder of GFNA^[61]
	José Manuel Romero Moreno	83	Spain	(unknown)	Vice President of FRIDE^[62]
	Cristina Manzano		Spain		Director of EsGlobal Member of FRIDE^[63]

List of former members (deceased)

	Name	Died	Nation	Party	Office(s) held
	Jorge Sampaio	September 10, 2021(2021-09-10) (aged 81)	Portugal	Socialist	President of Portugal (1996–2006)
	Òscar Ribas Reig	December 18, 2020(2020-12-18) (aged 84)	Andorra	AND	Prime Minister of Andorra (1990–1994)
	Tabaré Vázquez	December 6, 2020(2020-12-06) (aged 80)	Uruguay	PS	President of Uruguay (2005–2010, 2015–2020)
	Sadiq al-Mahdi	November 26, 2020(2020-11-26) (aged 84)	Sudan	Umma	Prime Minister of Sudan (1966–1967, 1986–1989)
	Benjamin Mkapa	July 24, 2020(2020-07-24) (aged 81)	Tanzania	CCM	President of Tanzania (1995–2005)
	Abdurrahim El-Keib	April 21, 2020(2020-04-21) (aged 70)	Libya	None	Acting Prime Minister of Libya (2011–2012)
	Javier Pérez de Cuéllar	March 4, 2020(2020-03-04) (aged 100)	Peru	UPP	Secretary-General of the United Nations (1982–1991) President of the Council of Ministers of Peru (2000–2001)
	Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie	September 11, 2019(2019-09-11) (aged 83)	Indonesia	Golkar	President of Indonesia (1998–1999)
	Belisario Betancur	December 7, 2018(2018-12-07) (aged 95)	Colombia	Conservative	President of Colombia (1982–1986)
	Wim Kok	October 20, 2018(2018-10-20) (aged 80)	Netherlands	Labour	Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1994–2002)
	Kofi Annan	August 18, 2018(2018-08-18) (aged 80)	Ghana	None	Secretary-General of the United Nations (1997–2006)
	Álvaro Arzú	April 27, 2018(2018-04-27) (aged 72)	Guatemala	Unionist	President of Guatemala (1996–2000) Mayor of Guatemala City (2004–2018)
	Ruud Lubbers	February 14, 2018(2018-02-14) (aged 78)	Netherlands	Christian Democratic	Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1982–1994) UN High Commissioner for Refugees (2001–2005)
	Quett Masire	June 22, 2017(2017-06-22) (aged 91)	Botswana	BDP	President of Botswana (1980–1998)
	Helmut Kohl	20170616June 16, 2017(2017-06-16) (aged 87)	Germany   West Germany	Christian Democratic	Chancellor of West Germany (1982–1990) Chancellor of Germany (1990–1998)
	James Mancham	20170108January 8, 2017(2017-01-08) (aged 77)	Seychelles	Democratic	President of Seychelles (1976–1977)
	Mário Soares	20170107January 7, 2017(2017-01-07) (aged 92)	Portugal	Socialist	Prime Minister of Portugal (1976–1978, 1983–1985) President of Portugal (1986–1996)
	António Mascarenhas Monteiro	20160916September 16, 2016(2016-09-16) (aged 72)	Cape Verde	MPD	President of Cape Verde (1991–2001)
	Patricio Aylwin	20160419April 19, 2016(2016-04-19) (aged 87)	Chile	PDC	President of Chile (1990–1994)
	Abd Al-Karim Al-Iryani	20151108November 8, 2015(2015-11-08) (aged 81)	Yemen   North Yemen	GPC	Prime Minister of North Yemen (1980–1983) Prime Minister of Yemen (1998–2001)
	Adolfo Suárez	20140323March 23, 2014(2014-03-23) (aged 81)	Spain	MN (until 1977) UCD (1977–82)	President of the Government of Spain (1976–81)
	Tadeusz Mazowiecki	20131028October 28, 2013(2013-10-28) (aged 86)	Poland   PR Poland	KO "S" (1980–91) UD (1991–94)	Prime Minister of Poland (1989–91)
	Inder Kumar Gujral	20121130November 30, 2012(2012-11-30) (aged 92)	India	JD	Prime Minister of India (1997–98)
	Václav Havel	20111218December 18, 2011(2011-12-18) (aged 75)	Czech Republic   Czechoslovakia	OF (1989–93) None (1993–2004)	President of Czechoslovakia (1989–92) President of the Czech Republic (1993–2003)
	Ferenc Mádl	20110529May 29, 2011(2011-05-29) (aged 80)	Hungary	None	President of Hungary (2000–05)
	Raúl Alfonsín	20090331March 31, 2009(2009-03-31) (aged 82)	Argentina	UCR	President of Argentina (1983–89)
	Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo	20080503May 3, 2008(2008-05-03) (aged 82)	Spain	UCD	President of the Government of Spain (1981–82)
	Lennart Meri	20060314March 14, 2006(2006-03-14) (aged 76)	Estonia   Soviet Union	Isamaa (since 1992)	President of Estonia (1992–2001)
	Valentín Paniagua	20061016October 16, 2006(2006-10-16) (aged 70)	Peru	AC	President of Peru (2000–01)
	Fidel V. Ramos	July 31, 2022 (age 94)	Philippines	Lakas	President of the Philippines (1992–1998)

See also

• CC9

References

1. List of Members
2. "Members". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2022-05-18.
3. "Club de Madrid". European Partnership for Democracy (EPD). Retrieved 2021-04-18.
4. Altares, Guillermo (2001-10-27). "Dirigentes mundiales crean el Club de Madrid para ayudar a las democracias incipientes". El País (in Spanish). ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
5. "Members | Fernando Henrique Cardoso". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
6. "Biography: Rt. Hon. Kim Campbell | Peter Lougheed Leadership College". www.ualberta.ca. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
7. Taillac, Mathieu de (2006-04-24). "El chileno Ricardo Lagos asume la presidencia del Club de Madrid". El País (in Spanish). ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
8. "María Elena Agüero - GWL VOICES". Retrieved 2023-06-28.
9. Club de Madrid (2019-10-20). "Danilo Türk is elected new President of Club de Madrid". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
10. "Club de Madrid 2002 policy dialogue and I General Assembly, democracy". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
11. "About Club de Madrid". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
12. "Club de Madrid 2002 policy dialogue and I General Assembly, democracy". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
13. "Club de Madrid 2003 policy dialogue, general assembly, governance, IMF". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
14. "General Assembly, Club de Madrid 2004 Conference, Democracies danger". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
15. "IV General Assembly, Club de Madrid 2005 Conference, post communist". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
16. "Club de Madrid 2005 policy dialogue,Terrorism, Agenda, Global Consensus". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
17. "Club de Madrid 2006 policy dialogue, conference, energy, democracy". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
18. "General Assembly, Club de Madrid 2007 Conference, energy, geopolitics". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
19. "General Assembly, Shared Societies, policy dialogue, club de Madrid". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
20. "General Assembly, Club de Madrid, Economic Crisis, policy dialogue 2009". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
21. "General Assembly, Club de Madrid, policy dialogue, Haiti". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
22. "General Assembly, Club de Madrid, policy dialogue, digital technologies 11". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
23. ADMINCOMMS (2012-07-23). "Building a More Resilient Pacific in the 21st Century World Order". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-29.
24. "General Assembly, Club de Madrid, policy dialogue, women 2012, USA". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
25. "General Assembly, Club de Madrid, policy dialogue, women,shared society". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
26. "General Assembly, Club de Madrid, policy dialogue, jobs, growth, g20 2013". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
27. "General Assembly, Club de Madrid, policy dialogue, shared societies". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
28. "General Assembly, Club de Madrid, policy dialogue, human rights 2014". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
29. "Program: Preventing and Countering Violent Extremism". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-29.
30. "Assembly, Club de Madrid, policy dialogue, Imperial Springs, belt road". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
31. "2018 Policy Dialogue: Education for Shared Societies". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
32. "2019 Club de Madrid". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
33. "2020 Policy Dialogue: Multilateralism that Delivers". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
34. "2021 Policy Dialogue: Rethinking Democracy". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
35. "2022 Policy Dialogue: Leading in a World of Converging Crises". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
36. "2023 Policy Dialogue: Rethinking Social Development for People and Planet". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
37. "Haïti - Politique : Le Club de Madrid en faveur du processus de réforme constitutionnelle - HaitiLibre.com : Toutes les nouvelles d'Haiti 7/7". HaitiLibre.com. Retrieved 2023-01-17.
38. "Club de Madrid: « Un pacte national », la solution". Le Nouvelliste. 20 February 2014. Retrieved 2023-01-18.
39. Club de Madrid (2020-03-25). "Message from Club de Madrid to the special G20 Leaders' summit on the COVID-19 pandemic". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
40. Club de Madrid (2020-08-09). "Our statement for the International Day of the World's Indigenous Peoples 2020". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
41. Club de Madrid (2020-08-17). "Statement by the Board of Directors of Club de Madrid on Belarus". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
42. Club de Madrid (2021-02-04). "Club de Madrid strongly condemns coup d'etat in Myanmar". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
43. Club de Madrid (2021-04-14). "Former heads of state and Nobel laureates call on President Biden to waive intellectual property rules for COVID vaccines". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
44. "Tunisia: Club of Madrid calls on Saied to release Hamadi Jebali". Middle East Monitor. 2022-06-27. Retrieved 2023-01-17.
45. Club de Madrid (2023-02-24). "One year standing with Ukraine". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
46. Club de Madrid (2023-01-09). "Club de Madrid condemns the violent assault on Brazil's democratic institutions". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
47. "Members". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
48. "Members". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
49. "Members". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
50. "who we are, full members, leadership, heads of State". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
51. "Structure". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
52. "Structure". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
53. "Structure". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
54. "Secretariat". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
55. "Finance". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
56. Roberts, Andrea Suozzo, Ken Schwencke, Mike Tigas, Sisi Wei, Alec Glassford, Brandon (2013-05-09). "Club Of Madrid Foundation Inc - Nonprofit Explorer". ProPublica. Retrieved 2023-01-24.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
57. "These Are Our Members". clubmadrid.org. Club of Madrid. Retrieved 30 April 2022.
58. EP (2010-04-21). "El Club de Madrid elige como secretario general al embajador Carlos Westendorp". Cadena SER (in Spanish). Retrieved 2023-01-18.
59. . Club de Madrid. Archived from the original on 8 November 2014. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
60. . Club de Madrid. Archived from the original on 8 August 2014. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
61. . Club de Madrid. Archived from the original on 8 August 2014. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
62. . Club de Madrid. Archived from the original on 8 August 2014. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
63. "Cristina Manzano". Club de Madrid. Retrieved 2023-06-28.

External links

• Official website  
• (PDF). Club of Madrid. March 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 November 2014. Retrieved 6 August 2014.