Shakti Pitha
This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages)
|
The Shakti Pithas or the Shakti Peethas (Sanskrit: शक्ति पीठ, Śakti Pīṭha, seat of Shakti[1]) are significant shrines and pilgrimage destinations in Shaktism, the goddess-centric denomination in Hinduism. The shrines are dedicated to various forms of Adi Shakti.[a] Various Puranas such as Srimad Devi Bhagavatam state the existence of varying number of 51, 52, 64 and 108 Shakti Pithas[2][3] of which 18 are named as Astadasha Maha (major) in medieval Hindu texts.[2]
Various legends explain how the Shakti Pithas came into existence. The most popular is based on the story of the death of the goddess Sati. Out of grief and sorrow, Shiva carried Sati's body, reminiscing about their moments as a couple, and roamed around the universe with it. Vishnu had cut her body into 51 body parts, using his Sudarshana Chakra, which fell on earth to become sacred sites where all the people can pay homage to the goddess. To complete this massively long task, Shiva took the form of Bhairava.
Most of these historic places of goddess worship are in India, but there are seven in Bangladesh, four in Nepal, three in Pakistan, and one each in Tibet, Sri Lanka[3] and Bhutan.[6] There were many legends in ancient and modern sources that document this evidence. A consensus view on the number and location of the precise sites where goddess Sati's corpse fell is lacking, although certain sites are more well-regarded than others.
Hinduism edit
Hindu literature edit
The Brahmanda Purana, one of the major eighteen Puranas mentions 64 Shakti Pithas of the goddess Parvati in the Bharat or Greater India including present-day India, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka, some parts of Southern Tibet in China and parts of southern Pakistan. Another text which gives a listing of these shrines, is the Shakti Pitha Stotram, written by Adi Shankara, the 9th-century Hindu philosopher.[7]
According to the manuscript Mahapithapurana (c. 1690–1720 CE), there are 52 such places. Among them, 23 are located in the Bengal region, 14 of these are located in what is now West Bengal, India, 1 in Baster (Chhattisgarh), while 7 are in what is now Bangladesh.
Daksha yajna edit
According to legend, Brahma once conducted a huge yajna (ritual sacrifice), where all the prajapatis, deities, and kings of the world were invited. Shiva and Sati were also called on to participate in the yajna. All of them came for the yajna, and sat in the ceremonial place. Daksha came last. When he arrived, everyone in the yajna, with the exception of Brahma and Shiva, stood up, showing their reverence for him.[8] Brahma, being Daksha's father, did not rise. Shiva, being Daksha's son-in-law, and also due to the fact that he considered himself superior in stature to Daksha, remained seated. Daksha misunderstood Shiva's gesture, and considered this act an insult. Daksha vowed to take revenge on the insult in the same manner.[9]
Daksha performed a yajna with a desire to take revenge on Shiva. Daksha invited all the deities to the yajna, except Shiva and Sati. The fact that she was not invited did not deter Sati's desire to attend the yajna. She expressed her desire to Shiva, who tried his best to dissuade her from going. He relented at her continued insistence, Sati went to her father's yajna. However, Sati was not given her due respect at the yajna, and had to bear witness to Daksha's insults aimed at Shiva. Anguished, Sati cursed her father and self-immolated.
Enraged at the insult and death of his spouse, Shiva in his Virabhadra avatar destroyed Daksha's yajna and cut off his head. His anger not abated and immersed in grief, Shiva then picked up the remains of Sati's body and performed the Tandava, the celestial dance of destruction, across all creation. Frightened, the other deities requested Vishnu to intervene to stop this destruction. As a recourse, Vishnu used the Sudarshana Chakra on Sati's corpse. This caused various parts of Sati's body to fall at several spots across the world.[10]
The history of Daksha yajna and Sati's self-immolation had immense significance in shaping the ancient Sanskrit literature and influenced the culture of India. Each of the places on Earth where Sati's body parts were known to have fell were then considered as Shakti Pithas and were deemed places of great spiritual importance.[citation needed] Several stories in the Puranas and other Hindu religious books refer to the Daksha yajna. It is an important incident in both Shaivism and Shaktism, and marks the replacement of Sati with Parvati, and of the beginning of Shiva's house-holder (grihastāshramī) life from an ascetic. This event is ahead of the emergence of both of the couple's children, Kartikeya and Ganesha.[11]
Shakti Pithas edit
Each temple has shrines for Shakti and Kalabhairava, and most Shakti and Kalabhairava in different Shakti Pithas have different names.
Map of Shakti Pithas edit
Blue: Adi Shakti Peethas; Red: Astadasha Maha Shakti Peethas; Yellow: Daksha yagna site; Green: Maha Shakti Peethas
List of 4 Adi Shakti Pithas edit
The mythological texts which include the Kalika Purana, recognize four Shakti Peethas as sites where most of the energy is. Vimala where the feet fell (Pada Khanda), Tara Tarini housing the breasts (Stana Khanda), Kamakhya, where the genitals fell (Yoni Khanda) and Dakshina Kalika, where the face fell (Mukha Khanda). These four temples originated from the lifeless body of Sati.[citation needed]
Apart from these 4 there are 48 other famous pithas recognized by religious texts. According to the Pithanirnaya Tantra the 51 peethas are in the present day countries of India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal, Tibet, Bhutan and Pakistan. The Shivacharita besides listing 51 maha-peethas, speaks about 26 more upa-peethas. The Bengali almanac, Vishuddha Siddhanta Panjika too describes the 51 peethas including the present modified addresses. A few of the several accepted listings are given below.[12] In South India, Srisailam in Andhra Pradesh became the site for a 2nd-century temple.[13]
List of 18 Astadasha Maha Shakti Pithas edit
There are believed to be 64 locations. Adi Shankara's Asta Dasha Shakti Pitha Stotram mentions 18 locations known as the Maha Shakti Pithas.[14][15] Among these, the Shakti Pithas at Kamakhya, Gaya and Ujjain are regarded as the most sacred as they symbolize the three most important aspects of the Mother Goddess viz. Creation (Kamarupa Devi), Nourishment (Sarvamangala Devi/Mangalagauri), and Annihilation (Mahakali Devi).
Sharadha Peeth is currently in a ruined state.[16] Only ruins are found in these places. Its ruins are near the Line of Control (LOC)[17] between the Indian and Pakistani-controlled portions of the former princely state of Kashmir and Jammu. Instead, Sringeri Sharada Pitham, Sringeri in Karnataka even though not a Shakti Pitha, is this aspect of the goddess. It is believed that Goddess Sharada moved from her ruined temple in Kashmir to live in the new temple in Sringeri. Requests have been made by the Hindu community in Pakistan to the Pakistani government to renovate the temple, the issue being raised by former Indian Home minister L. K. Advani to the Pakistan authorities[18] as a confidence-building measure, by increasing the people-to-people cross-border interaction.[17]
In Skanda Purana edit
As per Sankara Samhita of Sri Skanda Purana,[19]
- Sri Sankari Pitham (Thirukonamalai, Sri Lanka)
- Sri Simhika Pitham (Simhala)
- Sri Manika Pitham (Dakshavati)
- Sri Shadkala Pitham (Peethapuram)
- Sri Bhramaramba Pitham (Srisailam)
- Sri Vijaya Pitham (Vijayapura)
- Sri Mahalakshmi Pitham (Kolhapur)
- Sri Renuka Pitham (Mahur)
- Sri Kamakoti Pitham (Kanchipuram)
- Sri Kuchananda Pitham (Salagrama)
- Sri Biraja Pitham (Jajpur)
- Sri Sarala Pitham (Jhankad, Odisha)
- Sri Bhadreshwari Pitham (Harmyagiri)
- Sri Mahakali Pitham (Ujjain)
- Sri Vindhyavasini Pitham (Vindhya mountains)
- Sri Mahayogi Pitham (Ahicchatra)
- Sri Kanyaka Pitham (Kanya Kubja)
- Sri Vishalakshi Pitham (Varanasi)
- Sri Saraswati Pitham (Kashmir)
- Sri Abhirami Pitham (Padmagiri, Dindigul)
List of all Shakti Pithas edit
This section needs attention from an expert in Hinduism. The specific problem is: Listing confusion and unverifiable other information. (November 2019) |
This section is missing information about List of Shakti Peethas. The total listing is 108. (July 2022) |
In the listings[20][21][22][23] below:
- "Shakti" refers to the Goddess worshipped at each location, all being manifestations of Dakshayani, Sati; later known as Parvati or Durga;
- "Bhairava" refers to the corresponding consort, each a manifestation of Shiva;
- "Body Part or Ornament" refers to the body part or piece of jewellery that fell to earth, at the location on which the respective temple is built.
More details on this are available in the text 'Tantrachūḍamanī' where Parvati tells these details to her son Skanda.
| Sr. No. | Place | State in India/Country | Body part or ornament | Shakti | Bhairava | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A. Amarnath Temple, from Srinagar through Pahalgam 94 km by Bus, Chandanwari 16 km by walk B. Shri Parvat in Ladakh | Jammu and Kashmir | A. Throat B. Anklet | Mahamaya Devi | Trisandhyeshwar (Amarnath) | |
| 2 | Attahas Temple – At a village also named as Attahas or Ashtahas around 2 km east of Labhpur village road in the district of Birbhum | West Bengal | Lips | Phullara Devi | Vishveshwar | |
| 3 | Bahula at Ketugram, 8 km from Katwa, Purba Bardhaman | West Bengal | Left arm | Goddess Bahuladevi | Bhirukeshwar[24] | |
| 4 | Bakreshwar, on the banks of Paaphara river, 24 km distance from Siuri Town [a district headquarter], district Birbhum, 7 km from Dubrajpur Rly. Station | West Bengal | Portion between the eyebrows | Mahishamardini devi | Vakranatheshwar | |
| 5 | Bhairavparvat, also known as Harsiddhi, at Bhairav hills on the banks of Shipra river in the city of Ujjaini. | Madhya Pradesh | Elbow | Avanti Devi | Lambkarneshwar | |
| 6 | Bhabanipur, located in the Upazila of Sherpur, Bogra, Rajshahi Division. Also located at Karatoyatat, it is about 28 km distance from the town of Sherpur. | Bangladesh | Left anklet (ornament) | Aparna Devi | Vamaneshwar | |
| 7 | Biraja Temple at Jajpur, in Jajpur District | Odisha | Navel | Biraja Devi | Varaheshwar (Baraha) | |
| 8 | padmakshi Renuka Mandir, kawade,Alibag, Maharashtra | Maharashtra | Upper teeth | Tripura Sundari devi | Samhara Bhairaveshwar | |
| 9 | Muktinath Temple[25] | Nepal | Right cheek | Tulasi | Vishnu | |
| 10 | Goddess Bhadrakali on banks of Godavari in Nashik city (Saptashrungi) | Maharashtra | Chin (2 parts) | Bhadrakali devi | Vikritaksheshwar | |
| 11 | Hinglaj Mata Temple | Pakistan | Bramharandhra (Part of the head) | Kottari Devi | Bhimalochaneshwar | |
| 12 | Jayanti at Nartiang village in the Jaintia Hills district. This Shakti Pitha is locally known as the Nartiang Durga Temple. | Meghalaya | Left thigh | Jayanti Devi | Kramadishwar | |
| 13 | Jeshoreshwari Kali Temple | Bangladesh | Palms of hands and soles of the feet | Jashoreshwari | Chandeshwar | |
| 14 | Jwalaji, Kangra from Pathankot alight at Jwalamukhi Road Station from there 20 km | Himachal Pradesh | Tongue | Jwalamukhi (Ambika) | Unmatta Bhairaveshwar | |
| 15 | Kalipeeth, (Kalighat, Kolkata) | West Bengal | Right toes | Kali Devi | Nakuleshwar | |
| 16 | Kamgiri, Kamakhya, in the Neelachal hills in Guwahati | Assam | Genitals | Kamakhya Devi | Umanandeshwar or Bhayanandeshwar | |
| 17 | Kankalitala, on the banks of Kopai River 10 km north-east of Bolpur station in Birbhum district, Devi locally known as Kankaleshwari | West Bengal | Pelvis | Devgarbha Devi | Rurunatheshwar | |
| 18 | A Kanyashram of Balaambika – The Bhagavathy temple in Kanyakumari, the southernmost tip of mainland India, Tamil Nadu B. (also thought to be situated in Yunnan province, China) C Gourikunda Temple | A. Tamil Nadu B. Yunnan, China C. Sitakunda, Chattogram, Bangladesh | Back | Sharvani Devi | Nimisheshwar | |
| 19 | Bajreshwari Temple, Nagarkot, district Kangra | Himachal Pradesh | left Breast | Jayadurga Devi | Abhirunatheshwar | |
| 20 | Kiriteswari Temple at Kiritkona village, 3 km from Lalbag Court Road railway station in Murshidabad district | West Bengal | Crown | Vimala Devi | Sanvarteshwar | |
| 21 | Ratnavali, on the banks of Ratnakar river at Khanakul I Krishnanagar, district Hooghly (locally known as Anandamayee Tala) | West Bengal | Right Shoulder | Kumari Devi | Ghanteshwar | |
| 22 | 'A.Locally known as Bhramari Devi in Jalpaiguri near a small village Boda on the bank of river Teesta or Tri-shrota (combination of three flows) mentioned in Puranas B.Ma Malai Chandi Temple at Amta, Howrah | West Bengal | A. Left leg B. Part of Left Knee | Bhramari Devi | Ambareshwar | |
| 23 | Manas, under Tibet at the foot of Mount Kailash in Lake Manasarovar, a piece of Stone | China | Right hand | Dakshayani Devi | Amareshwar | |
| 24 | Manibandh, at Gayatri hills near Pushkar 11 km north-west of Ajmer. People know this temple as Chamunda Mata Temple or Shri Raj Rajeshwari Puruhuta Manivedic Shakti Pitha. | Rajasthan | Wrists | Gayatri Devi | Sarvanandeshwar | |
| 25 | Mithila, near Janakpur railway station on the border of India and Nepal | Nepal | Left shoulder | Uma Devi | Mahodareshwar | |
| 26 | Nainativu (Manipallavam), Northern Province, Sri Lanka. Located 36 km from the ancient capital of the Jaffna kingdom, Nallur. The murti of the Goddess is believed to have been consecrated and worshipped by Indra. The protagonist, Lord Rama and antagonist, Ravana of the Sanskrit epic Ramayana have offered obeisances to the Goddess. Nāga and Garuda of the Sanskrit epic Mahabharata; resolved their longstanding feuds after worshipping this Goddess. | Sri Lanka | Silambu (Anklets) | Indrakshi (Nagapooshani / Bhuvaneshvari) | Rakshaseshwar (Nayanair) | |
| 27 | Guhyeshwari Temple | Nepal | Both knees | Mahashira Devi | Kapalishwar | |
| 28 | Chandranath Temple | Bangladesh | Right arm | Bhavani Devi | Chandrashekhar | |
| 29 | Panchsagar Near Lohaghat (in Champawat District of Uttarakhand) just 12 km from nearest railway station Tanakpur. पूर्णागिरी Champawat Varahi Devi | Uttarakhand | Lower teeth/ Navel | Varahi Devi | Maharudra | |
| 30 | Near Somnath temple, Veraval, Gir Somnath district. Local People call this temple as Kali Mandir, It is nearby Triveni Sangam.[26] | Gujarat | Stomach | Chandrabhaga | Vakratundeshwar | |
| 31 | Alopi Devi Mandir near Sangam at Prayagraj | Uttar Pradesh | Finger | Lalita Devi | Bhaveshwar | |
| 32 | Present day Kurukshetra town or Thanesar ancient Sthaneshwar | Haryana | Ankle bone | Bhadrakali Devi | Sthanu | |
| 33 | Sharda Peeth on top Trikoot Hill, at Maihar | Madhya Pradesh | necklace[27] | Shivani Devi | Chandeshwar | |
| 34 | Nandikeshwari Temple is located in Sainthia city | West Bengal | Necklace | Nandini | Nandikeshwar | |
| 35 | Kotilingeswar Ghat temple on the banks of Godavari river near Rajamundry | Andhra Pradesh | Cheeks | Bhuvaneshwari | Vatsanabheshwar or Dandapani | |
| 36 | Naina Devi Temple | Himachal Pradesh | Right eye | Mahishamardini Devi | Krodhishwar | |
| 37 | Shondesh, at the source point of Narmada River in Amarkantak | Madhya Pradesh | Right buttock | Narmada | Bhadraseneshwar | |
| 38 | Srisailam, at Nallamala hills, Andhra Pradesh | Andhra Pradesh, India | Neck | Bhramarambika Devi | Mallikarjuna | |
| 39 | Shuchi, in a Shiva temple at Suchindrum 11 km on Kanyakumari Trivandrum road | Tamil Nadu | nails | Narayani | Sihareshwar | |
| 40 | Sugandha, situated in Shikarpur, Gournadi, about 20 km from Barisal town, on the banks of Sonda river.8 | Bangladesh | Nose | Sugandha | Trayambak | |
| 41 | Udaipur, Tripura, at the top of the hills known as Tripura Sundari temple near Radhakishorepur village, a little distance away from Udaipur town | Tripura | Right leg | Tripura Sundari | Tripuresh | |
| 42 | Ujaani, at Mangalkot 16 km from Guskara station in Purba Bardhaman district | West Bengal | Right wrist | Mangal Chandika | Kapilambar | |
| 43 | Varanasi at Manikarnika Ghat on banks of the Ganges at Kashi | Uttar Pradesh | Face or Earring | Vishalakshi & Manikarni | Kaal bhairav | |
| 44 | Bargabhima temple, at Tamluk under district Purba Medinipur | West Bengal | Left ankle | Kapalini (Bhimarupa) also known as Bargabhima | Sarvanand | |
| 45 | Virat Nagar district, Alwar, near Bharatpur, India | Rajasthan | Fingers of Left Leg | Ambika | Amritaksha | |
| 46 | Katyayani Shakti Pitha, Vrindavan, district Mathura | Uttar Pradesh | Ringlets of hair | Uma | Bhutesh | |
| 47 | Devi Talab Mandir, District Jalandhar | Punjab | Left Breast | Tripurmalini | Bhishan | |
| 48 | Baidyanath Dham | Jharkhand | Heart | Jaya Durga | Baidyanath | |
| 49 | Adhi Kamakshi Amman Temple behind Kamakshi Amman Temple, situated at Kanchipuram Town, Kanchipuram District | Tamil Nadu | Odyanam (Navel) | Kamakshi | Egaambraswara | |
| 50 | Jogadya (যোগাদ্যা), at Kshirgram (ক্ষীরগ্রাম) near Kaichar under Burdwan district | West Bengal | Great toe | Jogadya (যোগাদ্যা) | Ksheer Kantak (ক্ষীর কন্টক) | |
| 51 | Pithapuram under Kakinada Port Town | Andhra Pradesh | Hip part | Purohotika | Durvasa | |
| 52 | Ambaji at Anart | Gujarat | Heart | Amba | Batuk Bhairav | |
| 53 | Jwaladevi Temple, Shaktinagar, Sonbhadra | Uttar Pradesh | Tongue | Jwala Devi | Rudra | |
| 54 | Chandika Sthan, near Munger town | Bihar | Left eye | Chandika Devi | Chandala | |
| 55 | Danteshwari Temple, Dantewada | Chhattisgarh | Tooth or daant | Danteshwari devi | Kapalbhairav | |
| 56 | Bakreshwar, NadiaDubrajpur CD Block | West Bengal | Forehead(কপাল) | Maharshmardini | Bhairav | |
| 57 | Tara Tarini, Purushottampur, Ganjam | Odisha | Breast/Sthan | Maa Tara Tarini | Tumbeswar | |
| 58 | Nalhateswari, Nalhati | West Bengal | Stomach/Nauli | Kalika | Jogesh | |
| 59 | Vaishno Devi Temple, Katra / Rudrasundari | Jammu & Kashmir | Front Head | Vaishno Devi | Hanumatbhairav | |
| 60 | Mankachar, 266 km from Guwahati | Assam | Little finger | Devi | Deva | |
| 61 | Vimala Temple, Inside Jagannath Temple, Puri | Odisha | Foot | Vimala | Jagannath | |
| 62 | Anjanakshi, inside Marundeeswarar Temple, Thirukachur on Mount Rudragiri in Aadhi Kanchi, Thirukachoor, Chengalpattu District or Marundeeswarar Temple | Tamil Nadu | Skin | Anjanakshi | Marundeeswarar (Oushadheeshwar) | |
| 63 | Jayanti Maha Shakti Pitha | Jayanti, Alipurduar, West Bengal | Left Shank | Jayanti | Kramadishwar | |
| 64 | Shri Hatta Kali Temple, Shri Shail (also known as Mahalakshmi Griva Peeth) | Gotatikar, Kalagul tea state, Dakshin Surma Upazila, Sylhet, Bangladesh | Neck | Mahalakshmi | Sambaranand | |
| 65 | Dhakeshwari Temple (now relocated at Dhakeswari Mata Temple) | Dhaka, Bangladesh | Gem of Sati's Crown | Dhakeshwari (a form of Katyani Mahishasurmardini Durga) | Shiva | |
| 66 | Tarapith Rampurhat | West Bengal | Third eye | Maa Tara (second mahavidya) (main form of Parvati) | Chandrachur bhairav | |
| 67 | Lalta Maata Mandir Neemsaar, Sitapur | Uttar Pradesh | heart | Maa lalta devi mandir (goddess heart) (main heart form of Parvati) | Lalita/laltaa mata | |
| 68 | Chhinnamastika Shakti Pitha at Chintpurni, in Ramgarh District of Jharkhand | Jharkhand | Foot | Chhinnamastika | Rudra Mahadev | |
| 69 | Dirgheswari Mandir at North Guwahati, in the Sitachal hills in Guwahati | Assam | Femur | Dirgheswari | Manikarneswara | |
| 70 | Bhairabkunda Shiva Mandir | Bhutan | ||||
| 71 | Devi Patan Mandir at Balrampur distt, Uttar Pradesh, near indo Nepal border Balrampur | Uttar Pradesh | Patt | Pateshwari | Kal bhairava | |
| 72 | Kaali Mandir at Pavagarh hill in Panchmahal district with in Champaner Pavagadh Archaeological Park. | Gujarat | Right leg toe | Mahakalika | Batuk Bhairav | |
| 73 | Aranya Devi Mandir at Badi Devisthan Shish Mahal Chowk in Arrah. | Bihar | Right thigh[28] | Aranyani | Bhum Bhairav | |
| 74 | Bageshwori Temple at the center of Nepalgunj, Lumbini Province. | Nepal | Tongue | Durga | Junge Mahadev | |
| 75 | Yogeshwari Mandir at Ambejogai, Beed district | Maharashtra | Parvati | Parali Vaidyanath | ||
| 75 | Tuljabhavani Mandir at Tuljapur, Dharashiv district | Maharashtra | Parvati | Bhairav | 76 |
Asamai Devi Temple in Kabul, Afghanistan
Other claimed Shakti Pithas edit
These are not recognised as the Shakti Pithas, but still claimed by the followers, for various reasons.
1. Jwala devi Jobner
2. Jayanti Kali Temple
3. Asamai Devi Temple in Kabul, Afghanistan
There are disputes about the position of this peetha. Based on most presented manuscripts and facts it is situated in jaintiapur upazila, Bangladesh, which was previously the capital of jaintia hills tribe kingdom, which became the jaintia hills district of Meghalaya, India, excluding jaintiapur. However, some people say that it is the nartiang Durga temple which is the real jayanti shaktipeeth, though there is shortage of corroborating evidences. Some other people[29] argue the actual peetha is at Amta in West Bengal, where the Devi is worshiped as Maa Melai Chandi in Melai Chandi Mandir. But this fact can not be corroborated with any evidences. Moreover, refuting most text, in Melai Chandi Mandir the Bhairava is Durgeshwar rather than Kramadishwar. Some also relates Jayanti Devi with the Mahakal cave temple situated in the village Jayanti of Alipurduar,[30][31] where many status were created by Stalagmite and Stalactite (combination of limes with water), but strong historical support is also absent here.
Vindhyavasini Shakti Pitha edit
The Vindhyavasini Shakti Pitha is considered a Shakti Pitha even though any body parts of Sati did not fall there. Vindhyavasini is the ultimate and the highest form of the goddess, she is called Adi Parashakti. Goddess Vindhyavasini is considered the embodiment of all of the Mahavidyas, Navadurgas, Matrikas, Yoginis and all the other goddesses present in this universe, she is Tripura Sundari herself. Many legends are associated with Vindhyavasini, she is also called Mahadurga. She is the combined form of all 108 Shakti Peethas as mentioned in the Devi Bhagavata Purana text. This is because it is the place where the goddess chose to reside after her birth in Dvapara Yuga.[32] At the time of the birth of Krishna to Devaki and Vasudeva, Vindhyavasini took birth in Gokula to Nanda and Yashoda as per the instruction of Lord Vishnu. Vasudeva replaced his son Krishna with this girl child of Yashoda so that Krishna could escape his demon uncle Kamsa, whom he would kill later according to a prophecy. When Kamsa tried to kill the girl, she slipped from his hands, assumed her true form and warned Kamsa that his killer (Krishna) still lived on. She left Mathura and the goddess chose the Vindhya Mountains as her abode to live on the earth. It is also believed that Vindhyavasini is the sister of Krishna and Subhadra was her only incarnation.[32]
See also edit
Further reading edit
- Dineschandra Sircar (1998). The Śākta Pīṭhas. Motilal Banarsidass Publ. ISBN 978-81-208-0879-9.
Notes edit
References edit
- ^ Fuller, Christopher John (2004). The Camphor Flame: Popular Hinduism and Society in India. Princeton: Princeton University Press. p. 44. ISBN 978-0-691-12048-5. from the original on 2017-02-15. Retrieved 2016-10-23.
- ^ a b Vanamali (2008). Shakti: Realm of the Divine Mother. Inner Traditions. pp. 83–84, 143–144. ISBN 978-1-59477-785-1. from the original on 2016-04-29. Retrieved 2016-10-23.
- ^ a b Kunal Chakrabarti; Shubhra Chakrabarti (2013). Historical Dictionary of the Bengalis. Scarecrow. p. 430. ISBN 978-0-8108-8024-5. from the original on 2017-02-15. Retrieved 2016-10-23.
- ^ "Everything you wanted to know about visiting Vaishno Devi". India Times. 5 April 2019. from the original on 13 April 2022. Retrieved 30 June 2022.
- ^ "Mata Hinglaj Yatra: To Hingol, a pilgrimage to reincarnation". tribune.com.pk. 19 April 2016. from the original on 20 March 2022. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
- ^ Newspaper, Bhutan's Daily. "Significance of Bhairab Kunda Temple in Bhutan". Kuensel Online. Retrieved 2023-04-02.
- ^ Shakti Peetha Stotram 2011-12-11 at the Wayback Machine Vedanta Spiritual Library
- ^ "ഇതു ദക്ഷ യാഗ ഭൂമി". Malayala Manorama. 2013. Archived from the original on 2013-07-23. Retrieved 2013-07-23.
- ^ Skanda Purana (Pre-historic Sanskrtit literature), G. V. TAGARE (Author) (August 1, 1992). G.P. Bhatt (ed.). Skanda-Purana, Part 1. Ganesh Vasudeo Tagare (trans.) (1 ed.). Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 8120809661.
{{cite book}}:|first=has generic name (help) - ^ "Introduction and Preface". www.sacred-texts.com. from the original on 2008-07-26. Retrieved 2012-12-20.
- ^ "Kottiyoor Devaswam Temple Administration Portal". kottiyoordevaswom.com/. Kottiyoor Devaswam. from the original on 7 June 2013. Retrieved 20 July 2013.
- ^ 51 Pithas of Parvati 2006-09-27 at the Wayback Machine – From Hindunet
- ^ "Srisailam". from the original on 2006-08-18. Retrieved 2006-08-31.
- ^ Sharma, Richa (3 October 2013). "18 Maha Shakthi Peeths". Speaking Tree. from the original on 2021-12-28. Retrieved 2021-12-28.
- ^ Sharma, Pratha (2018-03-06). The Forgotten Shivlings of Sati Shaktipeeths. Zorba Books. pp. 27–28. ISBN 978-93-87456-12-9. from the original on 2022-10-01. Retrieved 2021-12-29.
- ^ Pollock, Sheldon (2006). Language of the Gods in the World of Men. University of California Press.
- ^ a b "Pandits denied entry into temple in Pakistan Administered Kashmir". The Hindu. 3 October 2007. from the original on 20 October 2013. Retrieved 30 July 2013.
- ^ "Pak should renovate Sharada Temple in Pakistan Administered Kashmir: Advani". zeenews.india. 2 May 2007. from the original on 20 October 2013. Retrieved 30 July 2013.
- ^ "Dindigul Padmachala Sthala Puranam (Rockfort Abiramiamman temple)" (in Tamil).
- ^ . Zee News. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2016-04-06.
- ^ Sharma, Divyanshi, ed. (2019-10-03). "Navratri 2019: Know the origin and existence of the 51 Shaktipeethas". Zee News. from the original on 2021-12-28. Retrieved 2021-12-28.
- ^ Shankar, Ravi (26 September 2021). "Motherlodes of Power: The story of India's 'Shakti Peethas'". The New Indian Express. from the original on 2021-09-26. Retrieved 2021-12-28.
- ^ Upadhyay, Lipi (23 September 2017). "Navratri for travellers: Visit these 51 Shakti-peeths and learn about their significance". India Today. from the original on 2021-12-28. Retrieved 2021-12-28.
- ^ "bahula shakti peeth - Google Search". www.google.com.
- ^ Author, Unknown. Tantra Chudamani. pp. Lines 13–14. from the original on 2015-08-19. Retrieved 2017-08-27.
{{cite book}}:|last1=has generic name (help) - ^ Chandrabhaga Shakti Peeth https://www.bhaktibharat.com/mandir/chandrabhaga-shakti-peeth 2019-05-16 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "About Maihar Temple". from the original on 2018-08-13. Retrieved 2018-08-23.
- ^ "माता का वो शक्तिपीठ जहां पूरी होती है अधूरी मनोकामना, मत्स्य पुराण में भी स्वरूप का वर्णन". Zee News (in Hindi). 22 Sep 2020.
- ^ "Kolkata Durga Puja Festival". www.facebook.com. Archived from the original on 2022-02-26. Retrieved 2020-08-16.
- ^ EiBangla 24x7. "চলো যাই বেড়িয়ে আসি জয়ন্তী… | EiBangla24x7". from the original on 2019-02-08. Retrieved 2020-08-16.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "Mahakal Cave". www.cpreecenvis.nic.in. from the original on 2020-01-25. Retrieved 2020-08-16.
- ^ a b "District Census Handbook Mirzapur" (PDF). (PDF) from the original on 17 November 2020. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
External links edit
- 52 shakti peethas map 2008-11-13 at the Wayback Machine
- Comprehensive guide on 51 Shakti Pithas
- Daksha Yagna – The story of Daksha's sacrifice and the origin of the Shakti Pithas