Navadurga (Sanskrit: नवदुर्गा, romanized: Navadurgā), also spelled Navdurga and Navadurgas, are nine manifestations and forms of Durga in Hinduism,[1][2] especially worshipped during Navaratri and Durga Puja.[3] They are often considered collectively as a single deity, mainly among the followers of Shaktism and Shaivism sect of Hinduism.[4][4]
Navadurga
Power, strength, protection, knowledge, wealth, fertility and Moksha
According to Hindu mythology, the nine forms are considered the nine stages of Durga during the nine-day long duration of the war with demon-king Mahishasura, where the tenth day is celebrated as the Vijayadashami (lit.'victory day') among the Hindus and is considered as one of the most important festivals.[5]
During the festival of Navaratri, nine unmarried virgin girls up to the age of nine years are worshipped and fed as they are considered to be the incarnations of these nine goddesses.[6] Then, the Nabapatrika ritual during Durga Puja involves tying the branches of eight plants with their leaves with a banana plant (naba meaning 'nine', and patrika meaning 'leaves').[7]
The nine formsedit
The main nine forms of Durga worshipped in Hinduism:
Parvati in her stage of childhood with the divine and principal form being Durga
ॐ देवी शैलपुत्र्यै नमः
She is adorned with light ornamentation on her limbs and was clothed in red and pink robes. She has two hands both holding a trident and lotus. She is seated upon the behind of a white bull.
She is dressed as a female ascetic and is adorned by dried-up Rudraksha beads and flowers as her ornamentation. She has two hands, both of which carried a rosary and a water utensil.
She has ten hands, nine of them are armed by a trident, mace, bow, arrow, lotus, sword, bell and a waterpot, while one other hand blesses her devotees. She is seated upon a fierce tiger.
She has eight hands, six of which held a discus, mace, lotus, bow, and arrow in one hand, sword and rosary and the two other hands carried a jar of honey and waterpot. She is mounted upon the back of a lion.
She has four hands, two of which held lotuses, the third holding her son, the six-headed infant Kartikeya seated on her lap, and the fourth saves her devotees. She is seated upon the back of a lion.
She is adorned with heavy ornamentation on her limbs and is dressed in green and pink vestments. Her four hands each carried a sword, shield, lotus and trident. She's seen seated on a fearsome lion.
She has three bloodshot eyes, unkempt hairs, and wears a garland of skulls around her neck, which shone like lightning. Her four hands all held a trident, scimitar, vajra, and a cup. She is seated upon the behind of a donkey as her vehicle.
She has four hands, three of which carried a trident, mini-drum, and a pink lotus while her one hand promised her devotees protection. She is seated upon a white ox.
^Parvati has been described in the nine stage in nine different depiction, where she become the Maha Shakti in last stage of Siddhidhatri, after gaining Siddhis.[8]
Citationsedit
^"The Nine Forms of Goddess Mahadevi Durga". Times of India. 24 September 2014. Retrieved 3 May 2022.
^J. Gordon Melton; Baumann, Martin (2010). Religions of the World: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Beliefs and Practices, 2nd Edition. ABC-CLIO. pp. 2600–2602. ISBN978-1-59884-204-3.
^Gangadharan, N (1954). The Agni Purana. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers. p. 132. ISBN9788120803596.
Sourcesedit
"Navratri 2021: What are the nine forms of Maa Durga and the special prasad offered to them". The Times of India. 7 October 2021. Retrieved 31 December 2021.
Ostor, Akos (2004). The Play of the Gods: Locality, Ideology, Structure, and Time in the Festivals of a Bengali Town. Orient Blackswan. ISBN978-81-8028-013-9.
Mishra, P. K. (1989). Culture, Tribal History, and Freedom Movement: Dr. N.K. Sahu Commemoration Volume. Agam Kala Prakashan.
navadurga, sanskrit, नवद, romanized, navadurgā, also, spelled, navdurga, nine, manifestations, forms, durga, hinduism, especially, worshipped, during, navaratri, durga, puja, they, often, considered, collectively, single, deity, mainly, among, followers, shakt. Navadurga Sanskrit नवद र ग romanized Navadurga also spelled Navdurga and Navadurgas are nine manifestations and forms of Durga in Hinduism 1 2 especially worshipped during Navaratri and Durga Puja 3 They are often considered collectively as a single deity mainly among the followers of Shaktism and Shaivism sect of Hinduism 4 4 NavadurgaPower strength protection knowledge wealth fertility and MokshaNavadurgas the nine forms of DurgaDevanagariनवद र ग Sanskrit transliterationnavadurgaAffiliationAdi Shakti Durga Lakshmi citation needed Parvati DeviMantraoṁ aim hriṁ sriṁ mahadurgayai namo namaḥWeaponKhanda sword Bow and arrow Trishula Sudarshan Chakra Gada mace shield shankha GhantaMountLion tiger nandi ox mule and lotusFestivalsNavaratri Durga Puja Vijayadashami Durga AshtamiAccording to Hindu mythology the nine forms are considered the nine stages of Durga during the nine day long duration of the war with demon king Mahishasura where the tenth day is celebrated as the Vijayadashami lit victory day among the Hindus and is considered as one of the most important festivals 5 Contents 1 Background 2 The nine forms 2 1 Other lists 3 See also 4 References 4 1 Notes 4 2 Citations 5 SourcesBackground editMain article Navaratri During the festival of Navaratri nine unmarried virgin girls up to the age of nine years are worshipped and fed as they are considered to be the incarnations of these nine goddesses 6 Then the Nabapatrika ritual during Durga Puja involves tying the branches of eight plants with their leaves with a banana plant naba meaning nine and patrika meaning leaves 7 The nine forms editThe main nine forms of Durga worshipped in Hinduism S No Image Depiction Name Vahana Stage A Mantra Depiction Ref1 nbsp Shailaputri Daughter of Mountain Nandi bull Parvati in her stage of childhood with the divine and principal form being Durga ॐ द व श लप त र य नम She is adorned with light ornamentation on her limbs and was clothed in red and pink robes She has two hands both holding a trident and lotus She is seated upon the behind of a white bull 9 2 nbsp Brahmacharini Mother of devotion and penance None Durga in her phase of asceticism ॐ द व ब रह मच र ण य नम She is dressed as a female ascetic and is adorned by dried up Rudraksha beads and flowers as her ornamentation She has two hands both of which carried a rosary and a water utensil 10 3 nbsp Chandraghanta Destroyer of demons Tiger Durga in the form of Shakti ॐ द व च द रघण ट य नम She has ten hands nine of them are armed by a trident mace bow arrow lotus sword bell and a waterpot while one other hand blesses her devotees She is seated upon a fierce tiger 11 4 nbsp Kushmanda Goddess of The Cosmic Egg Lion Durga in the form of Mahashakti ॐ ऐ ह र क ल क ष म ड य नम She has eight hands six of which held a discus mace lotus bow and arrow in one hand sword and rosary and the two other hands carried a jar of honey and waterpot She is mounted upon the back of a lion 12 5 nbsp Skandamata Goddess of motherhood and children Durga in her stage of motherhood ॐ द व स कन दम त य नम She has four hands two of which held lotuses the third holding her son the six headed infant Kartikeya seated on her lap and the fourth saves her devotees She is seated upon the back of a lion 13 6 nbsp Katyayani Goddess of Power Durga in the warrior stage ॐ द व क त य यन य नम She is adorned with heavy ornamentation on her limbs and is dressed in green and pink vestments Her four hands each carried a sword shield lotus and trident She s seen seated on a fearsome lion 14 7 nbsp Kalaratri Goddess of Auspiciousness and Courage Donkey Durga in her form of destruction ॐ द व क लर त र य नम She has three bloodshot eyes unkempt hairs and wears a garland of skulls around her neck which shone like lightning Her four hands all held a trident scimitar vajra and a cup She is seated upon the behind of a donkey as her vehicle 15 8 nbsp Mahagauri Goddess of Beauty and Women Ox Durga in her form of recovery ॐ द व मह ग र य नम She has four hands three of which carried a trident mini drum and a pink lotus while her one hand promised her devotees protection She is seated upon a white ox 16 9 nbsp Siddhidhatri Goddess of Supernatural Powers or Siddhis Lotus Durga in her stage of reaching her highest and supreme form as Mahashakti ॐ ऐ ह र क ल स द ध द त य नम Each of her four hands carried a discus conch shell pink lotus and a mace She is seated upon a fully bloomed lotus 17 Other lists edit According to traditions and Hindu scriptures Navadurga has different forms The Agni Purana lists them as 18 Rudrachanda Prachanda Chandogra Chandanayika Chanda Chandavati Chandarupa Atichandika UgrachandaSee also edit nbsp Hinduism portalMahavidya NavaratriReferences editNotes edit Parvati has been described in the nine stage in nine different depiction where she become the Maha Shakti in last stage of Siddhidhatri after gaining Siddhis 8 Citations edit The Nine Forms of Goddess Mahadevi Durga Times of India 24 September 2014 Retrieved 3 May 2022 J Gordon Melton Baumann Martin 2010 Religions of the World A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Beliefs and Practices 2nd Edition ABC CLIO pp 2600 2602 ISBN 978 1 59884 204 3 Navaratri TOI a b Amazzone 2010 p 184 Ramachandran 2020 pp 21 23 Amazzone 2010 p 187 Ostor 2004 p 68 Ramachandran 2020 p 67 Sharma 2021 p 73 Ramachandran 2020 p 23 Ramachandran 2020 pp 29 30 Mittal 2006 p 63 Ostor 2004 p 34 Ramachandran 2020 pp 48 51 Mishra 1989 p 36 Sivkishen 2016 p 176 sfn error no target CITEREFSivkishen2016 help Ramachandran 2020 pp 68 70 Gangadharan N 1954 The Agni Purana Motilal Banarsidass Publishers p 132 ISBN 9788120803596 Sources edit Navratri 2021 What are the nine forms of Maa Durga and the special prasad offered to them The Times of India 7 October 2021 Retrieved 31 December 2021 Ramachandran Nalini 2020 Nava Durga The Nine Forms of the Goddess Penguin Books ISBN 978 93 5305 981 1 Amazzone Laura 2010 Goddess Durga and Sacred Female Power University Press of America ISBN 978 0 7618 5313 8 Ostor Akos 2004 The Play of the Gods Locality Ideology Structure and Time in the Festivals of a Bengali Town Orient Blackswan ISBN 978 81 8028 013 9 Mishra P K 1989 Culture Tribal History and Freedom Movement Dr N K Sahu Commemoration Volume Agam Kala Prakashan Pintchman Tracy 2001 Seeking Mahadevi Constructing the Identities of the Hindu Great Goddess State University of New York Press ISBN 9780791490495 Sharma Vidya Sagar 2021 Mata Vaishno Devi Prabhat Prakashan in Hindi Prabhat Prakashan ISBN 978 81 7315 903 9 Mittal J P 2006 History Of Ancient India a New Version From 7300 Bb To 4250 Bc Atlantic Publishers amp Dist ISBN 978 81 269 0615 4 Sivkishen 2015 Kingdom of Shiva Diamond Pocket Books Pvt Ltd ISBN 978 81 288 3028 0 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Navadurga amp oldid 1194437782, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
