Monmouth County, New Jersey
Monmouth County (/ˈmɒnməθ/) is a county, located in the central section of the U.S. state of New Jersey. Comprising much of the northern half of the Jersey Shore, it is bordered to its west by Mercer and Middlesex Counties, to its south by Ocean County, to its east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to its north by the Raritan Bay (sharing a border with the boroughs of Staten Island, Brooklyn, and Queens in New York City, across it). Monmouth County's geographic area comprises 30% water. The county is considered part of the Central Jersey region of the state,[6] though it was not among the four counties explicitly listed as included in Central Jersey as part of legislation signed into law in 2023.[7]
Monmouth County | |
|---|---|
Flag Seal | |
Location within the U.S. state of New Jersey | |
New Jersey's location within the U.S. | |
| Coordinates: 40°17′N 74°09′W / 40.29°N 74.15°W | |
| Country | United States |
| State | New Jersey |
| Founded | 1683 |
| Named for | Monmouthshire |
| Seat | Freehold[1] |
| Largest city | Middletown Township (population) Howell Township (area) |
| Government | |
| • Commissioner Director | Thomas A. Arnone (R, term ends December 31, 2025) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 661.40 sq mi (1,713.0 km2) |
| • Land | 468.18 sq mi (1,212.6 km2) |
| • Water | 193.22 sq mi (500.4 km2) 29.2% |
| Population | |
| • Total | 643,615 |
| • Estimate | 642,799 |
| • Density | 1,372.9/sq mi (530.1/km2) |
| Congressional districts | 3rd, 4th, 6th |
| Website | www |
As of the 2020 United States census, the county was the state's fifth-most-populous county[8] with a population of 643,615,[3][4] its highest decennial count ever and an increase of 13,235 (+2.1%) from the 2010 census count of 630,380,[9] which in turn reflected an increase of 15,079 from 615,301 at the 2000 census.[10] As of 2010, the county fell to the fifth-most populous county in the state, having been surpassed by Hudson County.[11][12] Monmouth's county seat is Freehold Borough,[1] though many county offices are also located in neighboring Freehold Township.[13] The most populous place was Middletown Township, with 67,106 residents at the time of the 2020 Census,[4] while Howell Township covered 61.21 square miles (158.5 km2), the largest total area of any municipality.[12]
While there are differing historical theories, the most plausible of theories in the origin of the county's name are attributed to many settlers originating from Rhode Island where the Rhode Island Monmouth Society hailed from, or it being named after the historic town of Monmouthshire in Wales, Great Britain. The county, like much of the state, was significantly involved during the American Revolutionary War. The Battle of Monmouth was fought in June 1778 in what has been preserved as Monmouth Battlefield State Park, currently located in Freehold Township and Manalapan Township.[14]
The county's economy is rich and diverse, due to its high population density and proximity to New York City. Located in the middle of the Northeast megalopolis, its inland county seat of Freehold Borough, the Tri-City region of coastal cities of Red Bank, Long Branch, and Asbury Park, along with the county constituting a vast swath of the New Jersey coastline, has contributed in its draw of tourists throughout the state (and much of the Northeastern United States at large), particularly during the Summer months.[15][16] Many communities within the county serve as commuter towns to and from New York City and other points north. Highways such as the Garden State Parkway, U.S. 9, Route's 34, 35, and 36, along with NJ Transit's North Jersey Coast Line and Seastreak, connects county residents to economic centers in North Jersey and New York City.[17][18] In 2015, the county had a per capita personal income of $69,410, making it the fifth highest in New Jersey and ranked 74th of 3,113 counties in the United States.[19][20] Many inland areas of the county are still quite agricultural, with many orchards, wineries, equestrian farms, and distilleries, such as Cream Ridge Winery, Delicious Orchards, Four JG's Orchards & Vineyards, and Laird & Company. The Bell Labs Complex is a major scientific research facility in Holmdel, where important breakthroughs, such as evidence for the Big Bang, were discovered.[21] The county is also home to Monmouth University, a private university in West Long Branch.
History edit
Etymology edit
The naming of Monmouth County has different historical theories. It is thought that the county received its name from the Rhode Island Monmouth Society.[22][23] This is likely, due to many of the county's earliest settlers originating from Rhode Island. Another plausible theory, is from a suggestion from Colonel Lewis Morris that the county should be named after Monmouthshire in Wales, Great Britain. Other suggestions include that it was named for James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth (1649–1685), who had many allies among the East Jersey leadership.[24]
Indigenous history edit
Around the year 1000, the area of Monmouth County began to be inhabited by the Lenape Native Americans prior to the arrival of European settlers. They came from the Mississippi River area. They lived along the vicinity of the Jersey Shore, the Raritan Bay, the Raritan River and other areas in the northeastern United States. The Lenape were a hunter-gatherer society. They were largely sedentary, changing campsites seasonally. They were prolific hunters of small game and birds. They were also skilled fisherman, and were known to harvest vast amounts of clams from the bays and inlets on the Jersey Shore. They also practiced some agriculture to augment their food supply. During this time, an important crossroad of two major Lenape trails was located in the area of Freehold in western Monmouth County.[25]
Dutch and English colonization edit
In 1609, the English navigator, Henry Hudson, and his crew aboard the Dutch vessel Half Moon spotted land in what is now Monmouth County,[26] most likely off Sandy Hook; however, some historical accounts credit this landing to present-day Keansburg. Among the first European settlers and majority landowners in the area were Richard and Penelope Stout. Penelope "miraculously" survived her wounds from a native attack in Sandy Hook and further lived to the age of 110. Additionally, a group of Quaker families from Long Island settled the Monmouth Tract, an early land grant from Richard Nicolls issued in 1665.[citation needed] They were followed by a group of Scottish settlers who inhabited Freehold Township in about 1682–1885, followed several years later by Dutch settlers. As they arrived in this area, they were greeted by Lenape people, who lived in scattered small family bands and developed a largely amicable relationship with the new arrivals.[27] Enslaved Africans were present in the area from at least 1680, and by 1726 made up 9% of the total population of the county.[28]
Monmouth County was established on March 7, 1683, while part of the province of East Jersey. On October 31, 1693, the county was partitioned into the townships of Freehold, Middletown and Shrewsbury.[29]
At the June 28, 1778, Battle of Monmouth, near Freehold Township, General George Washington's soldiers battled the British under Sir Henry Clinton, in the longest land battle of the American Revolutionary War. It was at Monmouth that the tactics and training from Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben developed at Valley Forge during the winter encampment were first implemented on a large scale.[30]
At independence, Monmouth's population included 1,640 slaves, as well as an undetermined number of free African Americans. The number of enslaved persons fell steeply after 1820, though a small number remained until at least 1850. Monmouth's free African American population climbed from 353 in 1790 to 2,658 in 1860.[28] There was a small African-American middle class consisting of freedmen present in Monmouth County by the 1840s and 1850s.[31]
Ocean County was carved out of Monmouth County in 1850.[citation needed]
In 1790 Monmouth County's population was 16,918, of whom roughly 6,600 were of English descent and the remainder were Welsh, Dutch and Swedish, as well as small amounts of African Americans and Northern Irish Protestants.[32] By the year 2010 Monmouth County's population was 628,112 of whom 40,489 were of English descent.[33] Between 1890 and 1907 nearly 18 million European immigrants came to America.[34] At the same time the region underwent massive and not unrelated economic changes, this process led to places like Monmouth County, New Jersey becoming significantly more diverse and somewhat less rural.[35]
Geography and climate edit
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, as of the 2020 Census, the county had a total area of 661.40 square miles (1,713.0 km2), of which 468.18 square miles (1,212.6 km2) was land (70.8%) and 193.22 square miles (500.4 km2) was water (29.2%).[2]
Much of Monmouth County remains flat and low-lying, even at its western inland extreme. However, there are some low hills in and around Holmdel Township, and one of them, Crawford Hill, the former site of a radar facility, is the county's highest point, variously listed at 380 to 391 feet (116 to 119 m) above sea level.[37][38] The top portion of the hill is owned by Alcatel-Lucent and houses a research laboratory of Bell Laboratories.[39] The northeastern portion of the county, in the Locust section of Middletown Township and the boroughs of Highlands and Atlantic Highlands, are also very hilly. The lowest point is sea level.
Along with adjacent Middlesex and Ocean counties, Monmouth County is a mecca for boating and fishing. Its waterways include several tributaries that flow from the more agrarian regions of western Monmouth County into the Raritan River, and various rivers and inlets that flow from the more densely populated region of the Raritan Bayshore of northern Monmouth County into the Raritan Bay and the Lower New York Bay, before finally draining out into the Atlantic Ocean. The Manasquan Inlet is located in the county, which connects the Atlantic Ocean with the estuary of the Manasquan River, a bay-like body of saltwater that serves as the starting point of the Intracoastal Waterway, which attracts as many as 1,600 boats each weekend during the peak season.[40]
Climate and weather edit
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Much of Monmouth County has a humid subtropical climate (Cfa), while some inland areas have a hot-summer humid continental climate (Dfa). In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Freehold Borough have ranged from a low of 22 °F (−6 °C) in January to a high of 86 °F (30 °C) in July, although a record low of −13 °F (−25 °C) was recorded in January 1984 and a record high of 106 °F (41 °C) was recorded in July 2011. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 2.98 inches (76 mm) in February to 5.08 inches (129 mm) in July.[41]
Average monthly temperatures in Asbury Park range from 32.5 °F in January to 75.0 °F in July, while in Allentown, NJ they range from 32.1 °F in January to 75.5 °F in July. [3]
On October 29, 2012, Hurricane Sandy caused catastrophic damage to coastal areas of Monmouth County. As Sandy's surge arrived in Monmouth County, flood levels of 13.31 feet (4.06 m) above normal were measured at Sandy Hook shortly before the destruction of the tidal station, breaking all previous local records. The surge caused waves as high as 32.5 feet (9.9 m), measured where the Sandy Hook Bay meets the New York Bay.[42]
Adjacent counties edit
- Middlesex County - northwest
- Ocean County - south
- Mercer County - west
- Burlington County - southwest
- Richmond County, New York - north
- Long Island (Kings County and Queens County, New York) - northeast
National protected areas edit
Demographics edit
| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1790 | 16,918 | — | |
| 1800 | 19,872 | 17.5% | |
| 1810 | 22,150 | 11.5% | |
| 1820 | 25,038 | 13.0% | |
| 1830 | 29,233 | 16.8% | |
| 1840 | 32,909 | 12.6% | |
| 1850 | 30,313 | * | −7.9% |
| 1860 | 39,346 | 29.8% | |
| 1870 | 46,195 | 17.4% | |
| 1880 | 55,538 | 20.2% | |
| 1890 | 69,128 | 24.5% | |
| 1900 | 82,057 | 18.7% | |
| 1910 | 94,734 | 15.4% | |
| 1920 | 104,925 | 10.8% | |
| 1930 | 147,209 | 40.3% | |
| 1940 | 161,238 | 9.5% | |
| 1950 | 225,327 | 39.7% | |
| 1960 | 334,401 | 48.4% | |
| 1970 | 461,849 | 38.1% | |
| 1980 | 503,173 | 8.9% | |
| 1990 | 553,124 | 9.9% | |
| 2000 | 615,301 | 11.2% | |
| 2010 | 630,380 | 2.5% | |
| 2020 | 643,615 | 2.1% | |
| 2023 (est.) | 642,799 | [3][5] | −0.1% |
| Historical sources: 1790-1990[43] 1970-2010[12] 2000[10] 2010[9] 2020[3][4] * = Lost territory in previous decade.[29] | |||
2020 census edit
As of the 2020 census, the county had 643,615 people, 240,377 households, and 161,545 families. The population density was 1,372.9 inhabitants per square mile (530.1/km2). There were 268,912 housing units at an average density of 573.6 per square mile (221.5/km2). The county's racial makeup was 71.6% White, 6.08% African American, 0.07% Native American, 5.6% Asian, and 3.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 12.5% of the population.[3]
Of the 240,377 households, of which 38.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.5% were married couples living together, 25.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 14.4% had a male householder with no wife present and 32.8% were non-families. 13.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 3.16.[3]
About 21.4% of the county's population was under age 18, 8.1% was from age 18 to 24, 34.8% was from age 15 to 44, and 18.2% was age 65 or older. The median age was 43.5 years. The gender makeup of the city was 48.7% male and 51.3% female. For every 100 females, there were 95.0 males.[3]
The county's median household income was $102,870, and the median family income was $124,778. About 6.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.1% of those under age 18 and 6.4% of those age 65 or over.[3]
2010 census edit
The 2010 United States census counted 630,380 people, 233,983 households, and 163,320 families in the county. The population density was 1,344.7 per square mile (519.2/km2). There were 258,410 housing units at an average density of 551.2 per square mile (212.8/km2). The racial makeup was 82.60% (520,716) White, 7.37% (46,443) Black or African American, 0.19% (1,211) Native American, 4.96% (31,258) Asian, 0.03% (211) Pacific Islander, 2.89% (18,187) from other races, and 1.96% (12,354) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 9.67% (60,939) of the population.[9]
Of the 233,983 households, 32.4% had children under the age of 18; 55.5% were married couples living together; 10.5% had a female householder with no husband present and 30.2% were non-families. Of all households, 25% were made up of individuals and 10.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.66 and the average family size was 3.22.[9]
23.8% of the population were under the age of 18, 7.8% from 18 to 24, 24% from 25 to 44, 30.6% from 45 to 64, and 13.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41.3 years. For every 100 females, the population had 94.7 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 91.9 males.[9]
Government edit
County government edit
Monmouth County is governed by a five-member Board of County Commissioners, who are elected at-large for three-year terms of office on a staggered basis, with either one or two seats up for election each year. Each January, the commissioners select one of their members to serve as the director of the board for the year to preside over the meetings and activities of the board. Monmouth County's Commissioners have both administrative and policy-making powers. The commissioners oversee the five mandatory functions of the county government delegated to it by the state. Each commissioner is assigned responsibility for one of the five functional areas: Administration and Special Services; Public Works and Engineering; Human Services, Health and Transportation; Finance and Administration of Justice, overseeing more than 70 county departments in total.[44][45] In 2016, freeholders were paid $27,000 and the freeholder director was paid an annual salary of $27,900.[46] County Administrator Teri O'Connor, an appointed position, serves as the county's chief executive officer, and is responsible for carrying out the policies and directives established by the Board of County Commissioners and managing the daily operations of the county's more than 3,000 employees.[47]
As of 2024[update], Monmouth County's Commissioners are (with terms for Chair and Vice-Chair ending every December 31):[48][49][50][51][52]
| Commissioner | Party, Residence, Term |
|---|---|
| Director Thomas A. Arnone | R, Neptune City, 2025[53] |
| Deputy Director Ross F. Licitra | R, Marlboro Township, 2026[54] |
| Erik Anderson | R, Shrewsbury, 2026[55] |
| Nick DiRocco | R, Wall Township, 2025[56] |
| Susan M. Kiley | R, Hazlet Township, 2024[57] |
The Republican Party had held all five Commissioner seats until 2006, but after the 2006 and 2008 elections, Democrats controlled the Board by a 3–2 margin. The Board swung back in favor of the Republicans after the 2009 election when Republican John Curley beat Democrat Sean Byrnes. Both were running to succeed former Commissioner Director Barbara McMorrow, a Democrat, who had chosen not to seek re-election. In 2010, former mayor of Neptune City, NJ, Thomas Arnone (R), and incumbent Commissioner Robert Clifton (R) won seats giving Republicans control of the Board of Chosen Commissioners by a 4–1 margin. The board has been all Republican since 2011.[58]
Pursuant to Article VII Section II of the New Jersey State Constitution, each county in New Jersey is required to have three elected administrative officials known as "constitutional officers." These officers are the County Clerk and County Surrogate (both elected for five-year terms of office) and the County Sheriff (elected for a three-year term).[59] Monmouth county's constitutional officers are:
| Office | Party, Residence, Term |
|---|---|
| Clerk Christine Giordano Hanlon | R,Ocean Township, 2025[60][61] |
| Sheriff Shaun Golden | R, Howell Township, 2025[62][63] |
| Surrogate Rosemarie D. Peters | R, Middletown Township, 2026[64][65] |
Christopher J. Gramiccioni of Wall Township is the county's prosecutor, having been formally nominated to the position by Governor of New Jersey Chris Christie in May 2016.[66][67] Gramiccioni had been serving on an acting basis for almost four years, since being appointed to the post in July 2012 by Attorney General of New Jersey Jeffrey S. Chiesa.[68] Monmouth County constitutes Vicinage 9 of the New Jersey Superior Court and is seated at the Monmouth County Courthouse in Freehold Borough, with additional facilities in Freehold and Ocean Township; the Assignment Judge for Vicinage 9 is Lisa P. Thornton.[69]
Federal representatives edit
The 3rd, 4th, and 6th Congressional Districts cover the county.[70] For the 118th United States Congress, New Jersey's 3rd congressional district is represented by Andy Kim (D, Moorestown).[71] For the 118th United States Congress, New Jersey's 4th congressional district is represented by Chris Smith (R, Manchester Township).[72][73] For the 118th United States Congress, New Jersey's 6th congressional district is represented by Frank Pallone (D, Long Branch).[74][75]
State representatives edit
The 53 municipalities of Monmouth County are covered by five legislative districts.
Fire departments edit
Monmouth County is covered by 53 different fire departments, which contain 135 individual fire companies and over 7,000 volunteer firefighters, who are all represented by the Monmouth County Firemen's Association.[77]
The Monmouth County Fire Marshal's Office is responsible for training all of the firefighters through the Monmouth County Fire Academy, as well as investigating any fires which may be deemed suspicious and/or involving a fatality. The Monmouth County fire marshal, currently Fred Migliaccio, and his staff – including assistant fire marshals and academy staff – are appointed by the County Board of Commissioners.[78]
Except for the fully professional Asbury Park Fire Department and the US Navy Fire Department at NWS Earle, the remainder of the municipalities in the county have volunteer or combination fire departments.[79] The largest volunteer department is in Middletown Township with 11 stations and 350 active members, special services, air and fire police units, in addition to operating its own training facility.[80]
In terms of hazardous material (HazMat) emergencies, very few towns have special units to respond to these types of emergencies. Fort Monmouth responded to most HazMat cases prior to the closing of the base. Naval Weapons Station Earle is also available for HazMat incidents. Hazardous Materials incidents are currently managed by Monmouth County Hazmat as the lead agency with a joint cooperative team comprised of Neptune Township OEM, Southard (Howell) Fire Company and Middletown Fire Department Special Services.
The oldest fire department in the county in continuous operation is the Hope Fire Company in Allentown, organized in 1856.[citation needed] The newest fire department, Holmdel Fire Co. No. 2 was established in 2006.[citation needed] Monmouth County utilizes a mutual aid system, in which surrounding municipalities are available to send their resources to incidents where extra help or expertise is needed.[81]
Politics edit
Monmouth County has generally leaned moderately Republican in federal, state, and local races, though registered Republicans only outnumber registered Democrats by 2.5%. All of its County Commissioners and constitutional officers are Republicans, and Senator Vin Gopal is currently the only Democrat to represent any part of the county in the state legislature. As of September 1, 2023, there were a total of 492,307 registered voters in Monmouth County, of whom 140,562 (28.6%) were registered as Democrats, 153,139 (31.1%) were registered as Republicans, and 192,859 (39.2%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There were 5,747 (1.2%) voters registered to other parties.[82] Among the county's 2010 Census population, 89% of residents of age 18 and over were registered to vote.[83]
In 2008, John McCain carried Monmouth by an unexpectedly close margin of only 3.7% margin over Barack Obama, with Obama winning New Jersey by 15.5% over McCain. In the state's U.S. Senatorial election that same year, Dick Zimmer also won here, by a 6.2% margin over incumbent Frank Lautenberg, with Lautenberg winning reelection by 14.1% over Zimmer.[84] In the 2016 United States presidential election, Republican Donald Trump received 166,723 (53%) of the vote, Democrat Hillary Clinton received 137,181 (43.6%) of the vote, and other candidates received 10,473 (3.3%) of the vote.[85] In 2020, Joe Biden came closer to winning the county than any Democrat since Al Gore in 2000 and Bill Clinton in 1996, the only two Democratic presidential candidates to have won it since 1964, when Lyndon B. Johnson won a national landslide and carried every county in New Jersey.
| Year | Republican | Democratic | Third party | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |
| 2020 | 191,808 | 50.69% | 181,291 | 47.91% | 5,291 | 1.40% |
| 2016 | 166,723 | 52.47% | 137,181 | 43.17% | 13,846 | 4.36% |
| 2012 | 148,000 | 51.81% | 133,820 | 46.84% | 3,847 | 1.35% |
| 2008 | 160,433 | 51.19% | 148,737 | 47.46% | 4,244 | 1.35% |
| 2004 | 163,650 | 54.56% | 133,773 | 44.60% | 2,516 | 0.84% |
| 2000 | 119,291 | 45.51% | 131,476 | 50.15% | 11,374 | 4.34% |
| 1996 | 99,975 | 40.16% | 120,414 | 48.37% | 28,572 | 11.48% |
| 1992 | 117,715 | 44.23% | 101,750 | 38.24% | 46,651 | 17.53% |
| 1988 | 147,320 | 61.14% | 91,844 | 38.12% | 1,793 | 0.74% |
| 1984 | 152,595 | 65.52% | 79,382 | 34.08% | 932 | 0.40% |
| 1980 | 120,173 | 56.69% | 71,328 | 33.65% | 20,470 | 9.66% |
| 1976 | 110,104 | 54.29% | 88,956 | 43.87% | 3,730 | 1.84% |
| 1972 | 124,830 | 65.71% | 63,176 | 33.25% | 1,971 | 1.04% |
| 1968 | 87,311 | 51.22% | 69,669 | 40.87% | 13,476 | 7.91% |
| 1964 | 61,367 | 39.07% | 95,320 | 60.69% | 368 | 0.23% |
| 1960 | 81,382 | 56.49% | 62,434 | 43.34% | 244 | 0.17% |
| 1956 | 83,828 | 71.80% | 32,329 | 27.69% | 594 | 0.51% |
| 1952 | 73,228 | 66.28% | 37,006 | 33.49% | 257 | 0.23% |
| 1948 | 52,908 | 62.22% | 30,507 | 35.88% | 1,618 | 1.90% |
| 1944 | 49,349 | 58.66% | 34,720 | 41.27% | 53 | 0.06% |
| 1940 | 49,675 | 57.73% | 36,298 | 42.18% | 74 | 0.09% |
| 1936 | 41,460 | 51.33% | 38,914 | 48.18% | 393 | 0.49% |
| 1932 | 40,467 | 52.73% | 35,219 | 45.89% | 1,055 | 1.37% |
| 1928 | 47,046 | 65.84% | 24,286 | 33.99% | 122 | 0.17% |
| 1924 | 34,451 | 65.64% | 14,931 | 28.45% | 3,100 | 5.91% |
| 1920 | 28,818 | 68.07% | 12,975 | 30.65% | 543 | 1.28% |
| 1916 | 11,624 | 51.46% | 10,729 | 47.49% | 237 | 1.05% |
| 1912 | 3,683 | 18.25% | 9,799 | 48.55% | 6,700 | 33.20% |
| 1908 | 12,528 | 56.26% | 9,274 | 41.64% | 468 | 2.10% |
| 1904 | 10,885 | 52.89% | 9,032 | 43.89% | 662 | 3.22% |
| 1900 | 10,363 | 53.10% | 8,570 | 43.91% | 583 | 2.99% |
| 1896 | 10,611 | 55.27% | 7,799 | 40.63% | 787 | 4.10% |
In the 2009 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 62% of the vote, defeating Democrat Jon Corzine, who received around 31%. In the 2013 gubernatorial election, Christie received 70.7% of the vote (123,417 votes) to Democrat Barbara Buono's 27.7% (48,477 votes). In the 2017 gubernatorial election, Republican Kim Guadagno received 101,525 (55%) of the vote, and Democrat Phil Murphy received 79,423 (43%) of the vote.[87] Both Guadagno and Murphy were Monmouth County residents. In the 2021 gubernatorial election, Republican Jack Ciattarelli received 58.8% of the vote (141,100 ballots cast) to Murphy's 40.3% (96,664 votes), thus Murphy lost his home county in both of his bids for governor.
| Year | Republican | Democratic |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 58.8% 141,100 | 40.3% 96,664 |
| 2017 | 55.0% 101,525 | 43.0% 79,432 |
| 2013 | 70.7% 123,417 | 27.7% 48,477 |
| 2009 | 62.2% 129,039 | 31.2% 64,672 |
| 2005 | 51.9% 101,085 | 43.8% 85,187 |
| 2001 | 48.5% 89,987 | 49.5% 91,838 |
| 1997 | 53.9% 105,535 | 37.8% 74,098 |
| 1993 | 54.8% | 42.8% |
| 1989 | 40.9% 72,403 | 57.5% 101,995 |
| 1985 | 72.9% 109,238 | 26.4% 39,529 |
| 1981 | 55.7% 88,873 | 42.6% 67,970 |
| 1977 | 42.4% 62,031 | 55.5% 81,155 |
| 1973 | 29.3% 39,345 | 69.2% 92,749 |
Economy edit
The Bureau of Economic Analysis calculated that the county's gross domestic product was $34.2 billion in 2021, which was ranked ninth in the state and was a 6.1% increase from the prior year.[89]
Housing expense edit
In 2015, the county had a per capita personal income of $69,410, the fifth-highest in New Jersey and ranked 74th of 3,113 counties in the United States.[90][91] Monmouth County ranked 38th among the highest-income counties in the United States as of 2011, placing it among the top 1.2% of counties by wealth.[92] As of 2009, it was ranked 56th in the United States by personal per-capita income.[93]
Gentrification edit
Hurricane Sandy in 2012 devastated much of the northern part of the Jersey Shore, particularly in Monmouth County. This necessitated the demolition and rebuilding of entire neighborhoods. Some were rebuilt to a higher economic level; this process of climate gentrification is rapidly escalating property values and transforming many communities along the Shore. Many houses have become vacation homes for the New York financial community, akin to shoreline communities on Long Island like the Gold Coast and The Hamptons.[95]
Telecommunications and high technology edit
The Bell Labs Holmdel Complex has been the site of many innovations in telecommunications and is experiencing a renaissance as a business incubator for high-tech startup companies.[96] Today Verizon Wireless, AT&T Communications, Vonage, Avaya, and Bell Labs are located in the region.
Commerce edit
The county has been a commercial hub for the state and the larger northeastern United States for years. This is due to the county's location on the Jersey Shore, which attracts residents from North and South Jersey, along with the nearby states of New York, Pennsylvania, Connecticut, Delaware, and Maryland during the summer months. The region also boasts year-round attractions, such as hayrides, wine tasting, and apple picking during the autumn months. The county also features five major shopping malls:
Education edit
Tertiary education edit
Monmouth University is a four-year private university located in West Long Branch that was founded in 1933 as Monmouth Junior College.[97][98]
Brookdale Community College is the two-year community college for Monmouth County, one of a network of 19 county colleges statewide. The school is located in the Lincroft section of Middletown Township, having been founded in 1967.[99]
Rutgers University has a partnership with Brookdale which offers bachelor's degree completion programs at Brookdale's Freehold campus.[100]
K-12 education edit
School districts in Monmouth County include:[101][102][103]
- K-12 districts
- Asbury Park Public Schools
- Freehold Township Schools
- Hazlet Township Public Schools
- Holmdel Township Public Schools
- Keansburg School District
- Keyport Public Schools
- Long Branch Public Schools
- Manasquan Public Schools
- Matawan-Aberdeen Regional School District
- Middletown Township Public School District
- Monmouth County Vocational School District
- Neptune Township Schools
- Ocean Township School District
- Upper Freehold Regional School District – Regional
- Wall Township Public Schools
- Secondary districts
- Elementary districts(K-8, except as indicated)
- Atlantic Highlands School District (K-6)
- Avon School District
- Belmar School District
- Bradley Beach School District
- Brielle School District
- Colts Neck School District
- Deal School District
- Eatontown Public Schools
- Fair Haven Public Schools
- Farmingdale School District
- Freehold Borough Schools
- Freehold Township Schools
- Highlands School District (K-6)
- Howell Township Public Schools
- Little Silver School District
- Manalapan-Englishtown Regional School District
- Marlboro Township Public School District
- Millstone Township Schools
- Monmouth Beach School District
- Oceanport School District
- Red Bank Borough Public Schools
- Roosevelt Public School District (K-5)
- Rumson School District
- Sea Girt School District
- Shrewsbury Borough School District
- Spring Lake School District
- Spring Lake Heights School District
- Tinton Falls School District – Regional
- Union Beach School System
- West Long Branch Public Schools
In addition to multiple public high schools, parochial schools in Monmouth County include St. Rose High School, Red Bank Catholic High School, Christian Brothers Academy, St. John Vianney High School, and Mater Dei High School, which operate under the auspices of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Trenton.[104] A secular private school, Ranney School, is also located in the county.
The county has an extensive vocational high school program, known as the Monmouth County Vocational School District, including five magnet schools:[105]
- Academy of Allied Health & Science (Allied) in Neptune Township
- Biotechnology High School (BioTech) in Freehold Township
- Communications High School (Communications, CHS) in Wall Township
- High Technology High School (High Tech) in Lincroft (located on the Brookdale Community College campus)
- Marine Academy of Science and Technology (MAST) in Sandy Hook
Arts and culture edit
- Count Basie Theatre - A landmarked performing arts center in Red Bank. The core structure opened as the "Carlton Theater" in 1926, became the "Monmouth Arts Center" in 1973, then was renamed to the "Count Basie Theatre" in 1984 to honor jazz great and Red Bank native William "Count" Basie. It was designed by William E. Lehman and has seating capacity for 1,568 patrons.
- Two River Theater - A professional, not-for-profit, regional theater company producing plays and educational programs. The company received "Theatre of the Year" awards from the New Jersey Theatre Alliance in 2006, and from The Star-Ledger in both 2006 and 2008. At the July 2009 meeting of the New Jersey State Council on the Arts, Two River Theater was designated as a Major Impact Organization.
- Monmouth County Historical Association – Established in 1898 by a group of county residents headed by professional educator Caroline Gallup Reed, it was soon incorporated in order “to discover, procure, preserve and perpetuate whatever relates to the history of Monmouth County.” The headquarters are located in Freehold Borough in a brick Georgian-style building designed by architect J. Hallam Conover.
- Monmouth County Jewish Heritage Museum - focuses on Jewish life in the county, which dates back to 1720.[106]
- Monmouth Battlefield State Park — Located in Freehold Township and Manalapan Township, the park preserves a rural eighteenth-century landscape of orchards, fields, woods and wetlands, encompassing miles of trails for hiking and horseback riding, space for picnic areas, and four restored Revolutionary War farmhouses that were associated with the American Revolutionary War's Battle of Monmouth, including the Craig House, the Cobb House, the Sutfin House, and the Rhea-Applegate House. The park includes a visitor center with replicas of eighteenth-century canons and other exhibits.
- Gateway National Recreation Area at Sandy Hook - The barrier peninsula segment of the much larger Gateway National Recreation Area (which has other sections in Staten Island, Brooklyn, and Queens in New York) forms the other side of the "gateway" to New York Harbor. It includes two main park sites:
- Fort Hancock served as part of the harbor's coastal defense system from 1895 until 1974 and contains 100 historic buildings and fortifications.[107]
- Sandy Hook contains seven beaches, including Gunnison Beach, a nude beach by custom, as well as salt marshes and a maritime holly forest. Ferries from Manhattan are available in season. Fishing and using hand-launched vessels are popular here.
- Monmouth County Courthouse – In front of the courthouse, is a park at the center of town which hosts a 90-foot (27 m) tall monument to the Battle of Monmouth at its center.
- St. Peter's Episcopal Church — a historic Episcopal church building that was constructed in 1771, featuring Georgian and Gothic Revival elements.
- Ocean Grove Camp Meeting Association District - An association founded in 1869 by a group of Methodist clergymen, led by William B. Osborn and Ellwood H. Stokes. Its mission is to "provide opportunities for spiritual birth, growth, and renewal in a Christian seaside setting."[108] It was to operate as a summer camp meeting site on the New Jersey seashore.[109] By the early 20th century, the popular Christian meeting ground became known as the "Queen of Religious Resorts."[110] The community's land is still owned by the camp meeting association and leased to individual homeowners and businesses. Ocean Grove remains the longest-active camp meeting site in the United States.[111]
- Church of the Presidents - Originally consecrated in 1879 as St. James Protestant Episcopal Chapel, a branch of St. James Episcopal Church, this former Episcopal chapel was where seven United States presidents during the Victorian era worshipped. It was visited by presidents Ulysses S. Grant, Rutherford B. Hayes, James A. Garfield, Chester A. Arthur, Benjamin Harrison, William McKinley, and Woodrow Wilson.[112] All except Grant were in office when they paid their visits to the church.
- Seabrook–Wilson House – Nicknamed the "Spy House" by local residents, the house was built in 1663 in the town of Port Monmouth, a part of Middletown Township, making it the oldest structure in Monmouth County and one of the oldest in the state. The house's architecture was emblematic of the early English influence in the county. For most of its history, the farm on Sandy Hook Bay was home to generations of two prominent Port Monmouth families, the Seabrooks and the Wilsons. Ship owners and captains, a Revolutionary War militia officer, local business owners and investors, and a clergyman were part of these notable families, many of whom served in local government positions.
- Allaire State Park - Historic park, known for its restored 19th century ironworks, Allaire Village, which is a living history museum on the park premises. It was a prosperous industrial town producing pig iron and cast iron from the surrounding bog iron deposits. The buildings which remain and have been restored today include a general store, blacksmith shop, carpenter's shop, manager's house, foreman's house and a church. One of the workers' row house buildings has been recreated and now houses a visitor center, museum, and reenactments of nineteenth-century life in this bustling mill town.[113] The historic village is run by a non-profit organization independent of the park and charges a nominal fee to enter the buildings.[114] It is named after James P. Allaire, founder of the Howell Works at the same site.[113] The park also hosts the Pine Creek Railroad, a tourist railroad.
- Holmdel Park - Located in Holmdel Township, this massive park is part of the Monmouth County Park System. The initial park land was established in 1962, with an additional 227 acres (92 ha) section added in 2001. The park's recreational offerings include fishing (with permit),[115] individual and group picnic areas, tennis courts, playgrounds and 10 miles of hiking trails. Ice skating and sledding are permitted when conditions are deemed safe.[116] The park contains four distinct visitor areas, each with its own parking; three are accessed via the main park entrance while the fourth is located at the activity center further north on Longstreet Road. The park also features:
- Holmdel Arboretum - Also known as the David C. Shaw Arboretum, which contains nearly 3,000 trees and shrubs, representing hundreds of species, cultivars, and varieties, including the Jane Kluis Memorial Dwarf Conifer Garden, a collection of true cedars (Cedrus) in honor of David Rossheim, and a variety of other plantings such as weeping Atlas cedar, cherry trees, Amur cork tree, among many others. A map at the entrance identifies the major plant collections.
- Longstreet Farm - A living history farm museum displaying a recreation of life in the 1890s. Workers dress in period costume, and perform the activities of a resident of the time period, such as planting and harvesting of crops, and taking caring of livestock.[117] The Holmes-Hendrickson House, built in 1754, is a museum operated by the Monmouth County Historical Association near the farm.[117]
Sports edit
Monmouth Park Racetrack in Oceanport and Freehold Raceway in Freehold offer fans of thoroughbred horse racing a chance to bet on races.
In 1943, the New York Yankees held their spring training in Asbury Park instead of Florida.[118] This was because rail transport had to be conserved during the war, and Major League Baseball's Spring Training was limited to an area east of the Mississippi River and north of the Ohio River.[119]
Parks and recreation edit
Monmouth County parks are under the administration of the Monmouth County Park System.[120] Established in 1960, the agency that maintains over 40 parks and recreational areas, in Monmouth County. General parks include Turkey Swamp Park, Manasquan Reservoir, Holmdel Park, Freneau Woods Park, Crosswicks Creek Park, and Seven Presidents Oceanfront Park, among many others. There are also three major bike trails (which were formerly rail-lines) in the county, the Union Transportation Trail in the southwestern section of the county (near the Delaware Valley region), the Edgar Felix Bikeway in the southeastern section of the county (near the Jersey Shore region), and the Henry Hudson Trail in the western and northern sections of the county (near the Raritan Bayshore and Raritan Valley regions).
The county also has two major state parks, Monmouth Battlefield State Park and Allaire State Park, along with a section of the Gateway National Recreation Area at the Sandy Hook Unit.
National protected area edit
Wineries, breweries, and distilleries edit
The county is home to several wineries, including:
- Basil T's Brewery
- Carton Brewing
- Cream Ridge Winery
- Four JG's Orchards & Vineyards
- Kane Brewing
- Laird & Company
- Peppadew Fresh Vineyards
Other points of interest edit
- Keansburg Amusement Park & Runaway Rapids
- PNC Bank Arts Center
- Pier Village
- Asbury Park Boardwalk
- Freehold Raceway Mall
- Monmouth Mall
- iPlay America
- Numerous beaches along the Jersey Shore
- Monmouth Executive Airport
- Holmdel Cemetery & Mausoleum[121]
Municipalities edit
The 53 municipalities in Monmouth County (with 2010 Census data for housing units and area in square miles, as well as 2018 estimates for population) are listed below.[122][123] Other, unincorporated communities in the county are listed next to their parent municipality. Many of these areas are census-designated places (labeled as CDPs) that have been created by the United States Census Bureau for enumeration purposes within a township, with the 2010 Census population listed. Other communities and enclaves that exist within a municipality are also listed.
Services edit
Coroners and medical examiners edit
Jordan Woolley served as coroner c. 1880.[124] John W. Flock Sr. was the coroner in 1902.[125] The office of medical examiner was merged with Middlesex County, New Jersey in 2016.[126] Diane Karluk is the medical examiner serving Mercer County, Middlesex County and Monmouth County.[127][128]
Monmouth County SPCA edit
The Monmouth County Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals is an animal welfare organization in Eatontown providing animal sheltering and cruelty investigation services to Monmouth County, New Jersey. It was founded in 1945 to care for the community's homeless, neglected, and abused animals. It is a government agency (see wronko vs mcspca 2023), not-for-profit s. 501(c)3 organization. The organization remains open-admission for communities it serves, taking owner surrenders by appointment and also offers animals for adoption. Many of the animals that are up for adoption come from all over the United States.[129][130] Its Humane Law Enforcement Division investigates more than 900 animal cruelty complaints every year, and accepts anonymous calls. The SPCA also provides dog obedience training, a spay/neutering clinic, and pet bereavement counseling.[131][132]
Transportation edit
Roads and highways edit
As of May 2010[update], the county had a total of 3,354.67 miles (5,398.82 km) of roadways, of which 2,762.31 miles (4,445.51 km) are maintained by the local municipality, 360.42 miles (580.04 km) by Monmouth County and 204.89 miles (329.74 km) by the New Jersey Department of Transportation and 27.05 miles (43.53 km) by the New Jersey Turnpike Authority.[133]
Monmouth County is served by several major roadways including:[134]
- U.S. Route 9 (The only U.S. Highway in the county; practically bisects Monmouth, stretching through the county for more than 20 miles (32 km) from Lakewood in Ocean County in the south to Old Bridge Township in Middlesex County to the north.)
- Route 18
- Route 33
- Route 33 Business
- Route 34
- Route 35
- Route 36
- Route 66
- Route 70
- Route 71
- Route 79
- Interstate 95 (Does not actually enter Monmouth County, however, exit 7A is just west of the county border near Upper Freehold Township, providing direct access to Interstate 195)
- Route 138
- Interstate 195 (Only interstate to pass through the county)
- The Garden State Parkway extends 26.5 miles (42.6 km) from Brick Township in Ocean County in the south to Old Bridge Township in Middlesex County to the north. The Parkway's Monmouth Service Area is located at milepost 100, between exits 98 and 100.
There are also many other major county routes passing through the county, including:
- CR 516, CR 516 Spur, CR 520, CR 522, CR 524, CR 524A, CR 524 Spur, CR 526, CR 526 Spur, CR 527, CR 527A, CR 537, CR 539, CR 547, CR 549, CR 571
Public transportation edit
Numerous NJ Transit buses crisscross and deliver hundreds of passengers each day to northern New Jersey and New York's Port Authority Bus Terminal in Midtown Manhattan as well as the 317 bus line going into Philadelphia. Many hundreds more each day travel on NJ Transit Rail Operations' North Jersey Coast Line, which serves Penn Station in New York City, and passes through Middlesex County, entering Monmouth County at Matawan, with 14 stations covering the length of the county, connecting the New York region to Atlantic Ocean shore communities.[135]
See also edit
References edit
- ^ a b New Jersey County Map March 13, 2017, at the Wayback Machine, New Jersey Department of State. Accessed July 10, 2017.
- ^ a b 2020 Census Gazetteer File for Counties in New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed April 1, 2023.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i QuickFacts Monmouth County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed April 6, 2023.
- ^ a b c d Total Population: Census 2010 - Census 2020 New Jersey Municipalities, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed December 1, 2022.
- ^ a b Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties in New Jersey: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023, United States Census Bureau, released March 2024. Accessed March 15, 2024.
- ^ Willis, David P. "'This is how wars start': Does Central Jersey include both Ocean and Union counties?", Asbury Park Press, February 20, 2023. Accessed March 31, 2024. "North Jersey is defined as Sussex, Warren, Morris, Passaic, Bergen, Essex and Hudson counties; South Jersey would be Burlington, Camden, Gloucester, Atlantic, Salem, Cumberland and Cape May counties. But for Central, things get a little tricky. It would include Hunterdon, Somerset, Union, Middlesex, Mercer, Monmouth, and Ocean counties."
- ^ Willis, David P. "Monmouth, Ocean counties not part of Central Jersey under new law", Asbury Park Press, August 20, 2023. Accessed April 2, 2024.
- ^ Table1. New Jersey Counties and Most Populous Cities and Townships: 2020 and 2010 Censuses, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed December 1, 2022.
- ^ a b c d e DP1 - Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data for Monmouth County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed March 25, 2016.
- ^ a b DP-1 - Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000; Census 2000 Summary File 1 (SF 1) 100-Percent Data for Monmouth County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed January 22, 2013.
- ^ NJ Labor Market Views September 20, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development, March 15, 2011. Accessed October 7, 2013.
- ^ a b c New Jersey: 2010 - Population and Housing Unit Counts; 2010 Census of Population and Housing July 23, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, p. 6, CPH-2-32. United States Census Bureau, August 2012. Accessed August 29, 2016.
- ^ "Monmouth County Departments". Monmouth County, New Jersey. Retrieved June 26, 2023.
- ^ Monmouth Battlefield State Park November 3, 2005, at the Wayback Machine, New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Division of Parks and Forestry. Accessed February 3, 2024.
- ^ [1], tri CityNews. Accessed February 3, 2024.
- ^ Jill P. Capuzzo (June 16, 2017). "Not Your Mother's Jersey Shore". The New York Times. Retrieved September 17, 2017.
Five years after Hurricane Sandy destroyed communities along the shore, some towns have used the rebuilding process as a time to reinvent themselves.
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- ^ Loyer, Susan (January 31, 2022). "NJ Transit, Old Bridge could benefit from Route 9 development study over 21-mile stretch". My Central Jersey. from the original on February 1, 2024. Retrieved February 3, 2024.
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- ^ Penzias and Wilson discover cosmic microwave radiation - 1965 August 10, 2017, at the Wayback Machine PBS. Accessed February 3, 2024. "Bell Labs built a giant antenna in Holmdel, New Jersey, in 1960. It was part of a very early satellite transmission system called Echo.... Since Penzias, Wilson, and Dicke's work, all that has changed. The measurement of cosmic background radiation (as the Holmdel telescope's noise is now called), combined with Edwin Hubble's much earlier finding that the galaxies are rushing away, makes a strong case for the big bang. By the mid 1970s, astronomers called it 'the standard model.' Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson received the Nobel Prize in physics in 1978."
- ^ The Origin of New Jersey Place Names: M, GetNJ.com. Accessed December 15, 2007.
- ^ Lippincott III, Bertram. "The Rhode Island Settlers of Monmouth County, New Jersey", Newport History, Vol. 71 : Issue 247, Article 3. Accessed March 18, 2022. "However, in 1664, about eighty first and second generation Rhode Island settlers were responsible for the establishment and growth of Monmouth County in the Province of East Jersey. The reasons for the settlement of Monmouth County by Rhode Islanders are tied to the mobility of its early settlers and their persistent desire to seek land, opportunity, and freedom of worship."
- ^ How Monmouth County Got Its Name 2008-08-13 at the Wayback Machine, Monmouth County, New Jersey. Accessed August 14, 2008.
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- ^ a b Hodges, Graham Russell. Slavery and Freedom in the Rural North: African Americans in Monmouth County, New Jersey, 1665–1865, p. 32. Madison, WI: Madison House, 1997. ISBN 9780945612513. Accessed October 7, 2013.
- ^ a b Snyder, John P. The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606-1968 June 5, 2012, at the Wayback Machine, Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 177. Accessed October 1, 2013.
- ^ Capuzzo, Jill P. "British Beware: Monmouth Redux" April 14, 2016, at the Wayback Machine, The New York Times, May 18, 2003. Accessed April 9, 2012. "The largest land artillery battle of the Revolutionary War, the Battle of Monmouth marked a significant turning point in the colonies' fight against the British crown."
- ^ New Jersey: A History of the Garden State edited by Maxine N. Lurie, Richard F. Veit page 131
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- ^ Staff. "Holmdel by the numbers" April 14, 2016, at the Wayback Machine, Asbury Park Press, October 21, 1999. Accessed October 1, 2013. "391: Number of feet above sea level at Crawford Hill, the highest point in Monmouth County"
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- ^ About U.S. Coast Guard Station Manasquan Archived October 9, 2013, at Wikiwix, United States Coast Guard. Accessed October 7, 2013. "The Manasquan Inlet also is the Northern terminus of the Intracoastal Waterway which means that on any summer weekend as many as 1600 boats may pass through it."
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- ^ Forstall, Richard L. Population of states and counties of the United States: 1790 to 1990 from the Twenty-one Decennial Censuses, pp. 108-109. United States Census Bureau, March 1996. ISBN 9780934213486. Accessed October 7, 2013.
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- ^ Hopkins, Kathleen. "Acting Monmouth prosecutor picked for full term", Asbury Park Press, May 6, 2016. Accessed October 25, 2017. "Gramiccioni was appointed to the position as Monmouth County's chief law enforcement officer on an acting basis on July 1, 2012, by then-Attorney General Jeffrey S. Chiesa."
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Five years after Hurricane Sandy destroyed communities along the shore, some towns have used the rebuilding process as a time to reinvent themselves.
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- ^ Quick Facts, Monmouth University. Accessed May 19, 2021.
- ^ About Brookdale March 27, 2009, at the Wayback Machine, Brookdale Community College. Accessed October 7, 2013. "The College was founded in 1967 and is sponsored by the citizens of Monmouth County through the Board of Chosen Freeholders."
- ^ The power of Rutgers, locally. December 29, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, Rutgers University. Accessed April 9, 2012.
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- ^ "2020 Census - School District Reference Map: Monmouth County, NJ" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. (PDF) from the original on August 7, 2022. Retrieved August 7, 2022. - Text list
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- ^ "Find Your Favorite Park | NY Harbor Parks". from the original on December 27, 2008. Retrieved January 23, 2009. Fort Hancock (National Parks of New York Harbor Conservancy)
- ^ . Ocean Grove Camp Meeting Association. Archived from the original on December 30, 2013. Retrieved December 29, 2013.
- ^ Wayne T. Bell (2000). Images of America: Ocean Grove. Charleston, S.C.: Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 0-7385-0425-4.
- ^ Page, Tim. "'Summerfare' Offers Choir Festival", The New York Times, July 30, 1986. Accessed June 30, 2015. "Ocean Grove, about six miles south of Long Branch, was founded in 1869 as a Methodist camp meeting ground; by the early 20th century it had been dubbed the 'Queen of Religious Resorts.'"
- ^ Home page, Ocean Grove Camp Meeting Association. Accessed November 6, 2007.
- ^ (2006) The Year in Review, The Long Branch Historical Museum Association, Page 1.
- ^ a b "Alliare State Park". Retrieved August 31, 2010.
- ^ "Alliare Village website". Retrieved August 31, 2010.
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- ^ "Holmdel Park". Monmouth County Park System. Retrieved April 13, 2011.
- ^ a b "Monmouth County Park System Parks Historic Longstreet Farm". www.monmouthcountyparks.com. Retrieved October 1, 2019.
- ^ Staff. "Spring Baseball Training Brings Visitors To Asbury Park—Poconos Events; Asbury Park's Season", The New York Times, March 28, 1943. Accessed August 4, 2012. "Asbury Park, N.J.—Spring training of the New York Yankees baseball team has quickened the arrival of visitors this year, many of them bent on watching the conditioning of professional athletes north of the Mason–Dixon Line."
- ^ Suehsdorf, A. D. (1978). The Great American Baseball Scrapbook, p. 103. Random House. ISBN 0-394-50253-1.
- ^ About Us, Monmouth County Park System. Accessed March 18, 2022.
- ^ Holmdel Cemetery & Mausoleum
- ^ GCT-PH1: Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County -- County Subdivision and Place from the 2010 Census Summary File 1 for Monmouth County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed August 24, 2014.
- ^ "U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Monmouth County". United States Census Bureau.
- ^ "Thomas R. Wooley". The National Cyclopedia of American Biography. 1893. p. 382.
- ^ George Joynson (November 15, 2007). Murders in Monmouth: Capital Crimes from the Jersey Shore's Past. Arcadia. ISBN 9781614234357.
- ^ Susanne Cervenka (February 24, 2016). "Monmouth Co. to merge medical examiner with Middlesex". Asbury Park Press. Retrieved February 1, 2018.
- ^ Regional / County Medical Examiner Directory February 18, 2018, at the Wayback Machine, New Jersey Attorney General. Accessed February 18, 2018.
- ^ Epstein, Sue. "Middlesex and Monmouth merge medical examiner's services" February 2, 2018, at the Wayback Machine, NJ Advance Media for NJ.com, February 23, 2016. Accessed February 18, 2018. "Starting April 1, Middlesex and Monmouth counties will be merging all medical examiner operations at Middlesex County's facilities in North Brunswick. The new agreement, approved by the freeholder boards of both counties earlier this month, runs for 10 years, according to a statement released Monday by Middlesex County Freeholder Director Ronald Rios."
- ^ "About Us". Monmouth County SPCA.
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Further reading edit
- Graham Russell Hodges, Slavery and Freedom in the Rural North: African Americans in Monmouth County, New Jersey, 1665-1865 Madison, WI: Madison House, 1997
- Charles A. Philhower, Indians of Monmouth County, New Jersey. (1924) Morristown, NJ: Digital Antiquaria, 2006.
- Edwin Salter, A History of Monmouth and Ocean Counties Embracing a Genealogical Record of Earliest Settlers of Monmouth and Ocean Counties and Their Descendants; The Indians: Their Language, Manners, and Customs; Important Historical Events: The Revolutionary War, Battle of Monmouth, The War of the Rebellion: Names of Officers and Men of Monmouth and Ocean Counties Engaged in It, etc., etc. Bayonne, NJ: E. Gardner and Son, 1890.
- Charles A. Philhower, Indians of Monmouth County, New Jersey. (1924) Morristown, NJ: Digital Antiquaria, 2006.
External links edit
- Monmouth County official website