fbpx
Wikipedia

Victorian architecture

Victorian architecture is a series of architectural revival styles in the mid-to-late 19th century. Victorian refers to the reign of Queen Victoria (1837–1901), called the Victorian era, during which period the styles known as Victorian were used in construction. However, many elements of what is typically termed "Victorian" architecture did not become popular until later in Victoria's reign, roughly from 1850 and later. The styles often included interpretations and eclectic revivals of historic styles (see Historicism). The name represents the British and French custom of naming architectural styles for a reigning monarch. Within this naming and classification scheme, it followed Georgian architecture and later Regency architecture, and was succeeded by Edwardian architecture.

St. Pancras railway station and Midland Hotel in London, opened in 1868

Although Victoria did not reign over the United States, the term is often used for American styles and buildings from the same period, as well as those from the British Empire.

Victorian architecture in the United Kingdom

 
Selwyn College, Cambridge

Gothic Revival

During the early 19th century, the romantic medieval Gothic Revival style was developed as a reaction to the symmetry of Palladianism, and such buildings as Fonthill Abbey were built.[1]

By the middle of the 19th century, as a result of new technology, construction was able to incorporate metal materials as building components. Structures were erected with cast iron and wrought iron frames. However, due to being weak in tension, these materials were effectively phased out in place for more structurally sound steel.[2] One of the greatest exponents of iron frame construction was Joseph Paxton, architect of the Crystal Palace. Paxton also continued to build such houses as Mentmore Towers, in the still popular English Renaissance styles. New methods of construction were developed in this era of prosperity, but ironically the architectural styles, as developed by such architects as Augustus Pugin, were typically retrospective.

In Scotland, the architect Alexander Thomson who practised in Glasgow was a pioneer of the use of cast iron and steel for commercial buildings, blending neo-classical conventionality with Egyptian and Oriental themes to produce many truly original structures. Other notable Scottish architects of this period are Archibald Simpson and Alexander Marshall Mackenzie, whose stylistically varied work can be seen in the architecture of Aberdeen.

While Scottish architects pioneered this style it soon spread right across the United Kingdom and remained popular for another forty years. Its architectural value in preserving and reinventing the past is significant. Its influences were diverse but the Scottish architects who practiced it were inspired by unique ways to blend architecture, purpose, and everyday life in a meaningful way.

Other Revival styles

 
Central Hall of the Natural History Museum, London

Some styles, while not uniquely Victorian, are strongly associated with the 19th century owing to the large number of examples that were erected during that period:

International spread of Victorian styles

 
The China Merchants Bank Building is an example of Victorian architecture found in Shanghai, China.

During the 18th century, a few English architects emigrated to the colonies, but as the British Empire became firmly established during the 19th century, many architects emigrated at the start of their careers. Some chose the United States, and others went to Canada, Australia and New Zealand. Normally, they applied architectural styles that were fashionable when they left England. By the latter half of the century, however, improving transport and communications meant that even remote parts of the Empire had access to publications such as the magazine The Builder, which helped colonial architects keep informed about current fashion. Thus, the influence of English architecture spread across the world. Several prominent architects produced English-derived designs around the world, including William Butterfield (St Peter's Cathedral, Adelaide) and Jacob Wrey Mould (Chief Architect of Public Works in New York City).

Australia

 
Modern skyscrapers on Collins Street, Melbourne, have been deliberately set back from the street in order to retain Victorian-era buildings.
 
Most terraces in Australia have been preserved. Pictured are Victorian style terraces in Sydney

The Victorian period flourished in Australia and is generally recognised as being from 1840 to 1890, which saw a gold rush and population boom during the 1880s in the states of New South Wales and Victoria. There were fifteen styles that predominated:[3]

  • Victorian Georgian
  • Victorian Regency
  • Egyptian
  • Academic Classical
  • Free Classical
  • Filigree
  • Mannerist
  • Second Empire
  • Italianate
  • Romanesque
  • Tudor
  • Academic Gothic
  • Free Gothic
  • Rustic Gothic
  • Carpenter Gothic

The Arts and Crafts style and Queen Anne style are considered to be part of the Federation Period, from 1890 to 1915.[4]

Hong Kong

Western influence in architecture was strong when Hong Kong was a British colony. Victorian architecture in Hong Kong:

Ireland

 
Victorian Queenstown (Cobh)

Georgian architecture is more prominent in Ireland than Victorian architecture. The cities of Dublin, Limerick, and Cork are famously dominated by Georgian squares and terraces. Though Victorian architecture flourished in certain quarters. Particularly around Dublin's Wicklow Street and Upper Baggot Street and in the suburbs of Phibsboro, Glasnevin, Rathmines, Ranelagh, Rathgar, Rathfarnham, and Terenure. The colourful Italianate buildings of Cobh are excellent examples of the regional Victorian style in Ireland. Further examples of Victorian architecture in the country include Dublin's George's Street Arcade, the Royal City of Dublin Hospital on Baggot Street and the Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital on Adelaide Road.

Sri Lanka

During the British colonial period of British Ceylon: Sri Lanka Law College, Sri Lanka College of Technology, Galle Face Hotel and the Royal College Main Building.

North America

 
The Painted Ladies are an example of Victorian architecture found in San Francisco, California.

In the United States, 'Victorian' architecture generally describes styles that were most popular between 1860 and 1900. A list of these styles most commonly includes Second Empire (1855–85), Stick-Eastlake (1860–c. 1890), Folk Victorian (1870–1910), Queen Anne (1880–1910), Richardsonian Romanesque (1880–1900), and Shingle (1880–1900). As in the United Kingdom, examples of Gothic Revival and Italianate continued to be constructed during this period, and are therefore sometimes called Victorian. Some historians classify the later years of Gothic Revival as a distinctive Victorian style named High Victorian Gothic. Stick-Eastlake, a manner of geometric, machine-cut decorating derived from Stick and Queen Anne, is sometimes considered a distinct style. On the other hand, terms such as "Painted Ladies" or "gingerbread" may be used to describe certain Victorian buildings, but do not constitute a specific style. The names of architectural styles (as well as their adaptations) varied between countries. Many homes combined the elements of several different styles and are not easily distinguishable as one particular style or another.

 
Victorian facades on 16th Street, San Francisco

Notable Victorian-inspired cities during this era include Alameda, Astoria, Albany, Deal, Troy, Philadelphia, Washington, D.C., Boston, the Brooklyn Heights and Victorian Flatbush sections of New York City, Buffalo, Rochester, Chicago, Columbus, Detroit, Eureka, Galena, Galveston, Grand Rapids, Baltimore, Jersey City/Hoboken, Cape May, Louisville, Cincinnati, Atlanta, Milwaukee, New Orleans, Pittsburgh, Richmond, Saint Paul, San Francisco and Midtown in Sacramento. Los Angeles grew from a Pueblo (village) into a Victorian Downtown – now almost entirely demolished but with residential remnants in its Angelino Heights and Westlake neighborhoods. San Francisco is particularly well known for its extensive Victorian architecture, especially in the Haight-Ashbury, Lower Haight, Alamo Square, Western Addition, Mission, Duboce Triangle, Noe Valley, Castro, Nob Hill, and Pacific Heights neighborhoods.

 
An example of residential architecture in the Old West End District (Toledo, Ohio), a well preserved historic district full of Victorian architecture

The extent to which any one is the "largest surviving example" is debated, with numerous qualifications. The Distillery District in Toronto, Ontario contains the largest and best preserved collection of Victorian-era industrial architecture in North America.[citation needed] Cabbagetown is the largest and most continuous Victorian residential area in North America.[citation needed] Other Toronto Victorian neighbourhoods include The Annex, Parkdale, and Rosedale. In the US, the South End of Boston is recognized by the National Register of Historic Places as the oldest and largest Victorian neighborhood in the country.[5][6] Old Louisville in Louisville, Kentucky, also claims to be the nation's largest Victorian neighborhood.[7][8] Richmond, Virginia is home to several large Victorian neighborhoods, the most prominent being The Fan. The Fan district is best known locally as Richmond's largest and most 'European' of Richmond's neighborhoods and nationally as the largest contiguous Victorian neighborhood in the United States.[9] The Old West End neighborhood of Toledo, Ohio is recognized as the largest collection of late Victorian and Edwardian homes in the United States, east of the Mississippi.[10] Summit Avenue in Saint Paul, Minnesota, has the longest line of Victorian homes in the country. Over-The-Rhine in Cincinnati, Ohio, has the largest collection of early Victorian Italianate architecture in the United States,[11][12][13] and is an example of an intact 19th-century urban neighborhood.[14] According to National Register of Historic Places, Cape May Historic District has one of the largest collections of late 19th century frame buildings left in the United States.[15]

The photo album L'Architecture Americaine by Albert Levy published in 1886 is perhaps the first recognition in Europe of the new forces emerging in North American architecture.[16]

Canada

Canada's chief dominion architects designed numerous federal buildings over the course of the Victorian era. Thomas Fuller's completion of the Canadian Parliament Buildings in 1866, in particular, established a High Victorian Gothic influence over Canadian architectural design for several consecutive decades, producing many public buildings, churches, residences, industrial buildings, and hotels.[20]

 
Brick Victorian styled homes were built throughout Cabbagetown, Toronto in the late 19th and early 20th century.
 
The Stone Distillery, an example of Victorian industrial architecture
 
One of four grotesques at the corners of the Peace Tower

India

Because India was a colony of Britain, Victorian Architecture is prevalent in India, Especially in cities like Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai, In Mumbai (Formerly called Bombay) buildings like Municipal Corporation Building, Bombay University, Bombay High Court, Asiatic Society of Mumbai Building (Former Town Hall) and the David Sasoon Library are some example of Victorian Architecture in Mumbai. In Kolkata (Formerly called Calcutta) buildings like the Victoria Memorial, Calcutta High Court, St Paul's Cathedral, The Asiatic Society of Bengal are some examples of Victorian Architecture in Kolkata. In Chennai (Formerly called Madras) some examples include Madras High court, State Bank of Madras and St. Mary's Church.[21]

Preservation

Efforts to preserve landmarks of Victorian architecture are ongoing and are often led by the Victorian Society. A recent campaign the group has taken on is the preservation of Victorian gasometers after utility companies announced plans to demolish nearly 200 of the now-outdated structures.[22]

See also

References and sources

Citations

  1. ^ "Fonthill Abbey | house, Wiltshire, England, United Kingdom | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2022-06-02.
  2. ^ Blank, Alan; McEvoy, Michael; Plank, Roger (1993). Architecture and Construction in Steel. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 0-419-17660-8
  3. ^ Apperly, Irving & Reynolds 1994, pp. 40–97.
  4. ^ Apperly, Irving & Reynolds 1994, pp. 132–143.
  5. ^ . Archived from the original on 16 July 2011.
  6. ^ "South End Historical Society".
  7. ^ "Louisville Facts & Firsts". LouisvilleKy.gov. from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 14 December 2009.
  8. ^ . Old Louisville Guide. Archived from the original on 27 November 2009. Retrieved 14 December 2009.
  9. ^ . Archived from the original on 1 December 2008.
  10. ^ Stine, L. (2005) Historic Old West End Toledo, Ohio. Bookmasters.
  11. ^ Quinlivan (2001)
  12. ^ "Cincinnati.com". Cincinnati.com. from the original on 20 January 2015. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
  13. ^ Lonely Planet (14 January 2016). "Top 10 US travel destinations for 2012". Lonely Planet. from the original on 6 September 2015.
  14. ^ Over-the-Rhine Chamber of Commerce, Over-the-Rhine Historical Sites 11 September 2009 at the Wayback Machine
  15. ^ "Cape May Historic District". National Park Service. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
  16. ^ Lewis 1975.
  17. ^ "Saitta House - Report Part 1 2008-12-16 at the Wayback Machine",DykerHeightsCivicAssociation.com
  18. ^ "Gingerbread Trim: Feast your eyes on these ornate Victorian-era embellishments". This Old House. 2 February 2007. Retrieved 12 January 2020.
  19. ^ "Eldridge Johnson House, 33 Perry Street (moved from 225 Congress Street), Cape May, Cape May County, NJ". Historic American Buildings Survey (Library of Congress). Retrieved 12 January 2020.
  20. ^ Christopher Thomas (2015) "Canadian Architecture: 1867-1914". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved 11 April 2022
  21. ^ "British India and Victorian-Era Architecture". victorianweb.org. Retrieved 2022-07-15.
  22. ^ Sean O'Hagan, Gasworks wonders… 23 September 2016 at the Wayback Machine, The Guardian, 14 June 2015.

Sources

  • Apperly, Richard; Irving, Robert; Reynolds, Peter L. (1994). A Pictorial Guide to Identifying Australian Architecture: Styles and Terms from 1788 to the Present. Angus & Robertson. ISBN 978-0-207-18562-5.
  • Dixon, Roger; Muthesius, Stefan (1978). Victorian Architecture: With a Short Dictionary of Architects and 251 Illustrations. Thames and Hudson. ISBN 978-0-500-18163-8.
  • Lewis, Arnold (1975). American Victorian architecture: a survey of the 70's and 80's in contemporary photographs. Dover Publications. ISBN 978-0-486-23177-8.
  • Prentice, Helaine K. (1986). Rehab Right. Ten Speed Press. ISBN 978-0-89815-172-5., includes descriptions of different Victorian and early-20th-century architectural styles common in the San Francisco Bay Area, particularly Oakland, and detailed instructions for repair and restoration of details common to older house styles.

External links

  • Decorative Hardware of the Victorian Era: An American. Perspective, Raheel Ahmad
  • History and Style of Victorian Architecture and Hardware
  • Manchester, a Victorian City
  • Photographs of Victorian Homes in Hamilton, Ontario Canada
  • Victorian era architecture in San Francisco, California
  • Victorian era architecture and history in Buffalo, New York
  • Architectural influences on Victorian style
  • Victorian churches blog

victorian, architecture, series, architectural, revival, styles, late, 19th, century, victorian, refers, reign, queen, victoria, 1837, 1901, called, victorian, during, which, period, styles, known, victorian, were, used, construction, however, many, elements, . Victorian architecture is a series of architectural revival styles in the mid to late 19th century Victorian refers to the reign of Queen Victoria 1837 1901 called the Victorian era during which period the styles known as Victorian were used in construction However many elements of what is typically termed Victorian architecture did not become popular until later in Victoria s reign roughly from 1850 and later The styles often included interpretations and eclectic revivals of historic styles see Historicism The name represents the British and French custom of naming architectural styles for a reigning monarch Within this naming and classification scheme it followed Georgian architecture and later Regency architecture and was succeeded by Edwardian architecture St Pancras railway station and Midland Hotel in London opened in 1868Although Victoria did not reign over the United States the term is often used for American styles and buildings from the same period as well as those from the British Empire Contents 1 Victorian architecture in the United Kingdom 1 1 Gothic Revival 1 2 Other Revival styles 2 International spread of Victorian styles 2 1 Australia 2 2 Hong Kong 2 3 Ireland 2 4 Sri Lanka 2 5 North America 2 6 Canada 2 7 India 3 Preservation 4 See also 5 References and sources 5 1 Citations 5 2 Sources 6 External linksVictorian architecture in the United Kingdom Edit Selwyn College CambridgeFurther information British industrial architecture Gothic Revival Edit Main article Gothic Revival architecture During the early 19th century the romantic medieval Gothic Revival style was developed as a reaction to the symmetry of Palladianism and such buildings as Fonthill Abbey were built 1 By the middle of the 19th century as a result of new technology construction was able to incorporate metal materials as building components Structures were erected with cast iron and wrought iron frames However due to being weak in tension these materials were effectively phased out in place for more structurally sound steel 2 One of the greatest exponents of iron frame construction was Joseph Paxton architect of the Crystal Palace Paxton also continued to build such houses as Mentmore Towers in the still popular English Renaissance styles New methods of construction were developed in this era of prosperity but ironically the architectural styles as developed by such architects as Augustus Pugin were typically retrospective In Scotland the architect Alexander Thomson who practised in Glasgow was a pioneer of the use of cast iron and steel for commercial buildings blending neo classical conventionality with Egyptian and Oriental themes to produce many truly original structures Other notable Scottish architects of this period are Archibald Simpson and Alexander Marshall Mackenzie whose stylistically varied work can be seen in the architecture of Aberdeen While Scottish architects pioneered this style it soon spread right across the United Kingdom and remained popular for another forty years Its architectural value in preserving and reinventing the past is significant Its influences were diverse but the Scottish architects who practiced it were inspired by unique ways to blend architecture purpose and everyday life in a meaningful way Other Revival styles Edit Central Hall of the Natural History Museum LondonJacobethan 1830 1870 the precursor to the British Queen Anne Revival style Renaissance Revival 1840 1890 Neo Grec 1845 1865 Romanesque Revival Second Empire 1855 1880 originated in France British Queen Anne Revival 1870 1910 Scots Baronial predominantly Scotland British Arts and Crafts movement 1880 1910 Some styles while not uniquely Victorian are strongly associated with the 19th century owing to the large number of examples that were erected during that period Italianate Neoclassical Palace of Westminster Neo Gothic completed in 1870 Designed by Sir Charles Barry and Augustus Pugin Royal Albert Hall London The Red Brick Victoria Building at the University of Liverpool completed in 1893 in Gothic Revival style Designed by Alfred Waterhouse The Victorian Pavilion at The Oval cricket ground in London Victorian School of Art and Science at Stroud Gloucestershire House on the Hardwick House estate near Bury St Edmunds Suffolk Manchester Town Hall The John Rylands Library in Manchester The Aston Webb building at the University of Birmingham UK Victoria Law Courts Birmingham UK The Gilbert Scott Building of the University of Glasgow as viewed from Kelvingrove Park Glasgow An example of the Gothic Revival style North of Scotland Bank in Aberdeen by Archibald Simpson 1839 42 Balmoral Castle completely rebuilt for Queen Victoria an example of the Scots Baronial style Walsall Victorian Arcade UK Barclays Bank building Sutton Greater London Forth Rail Bridge Firth of Forth near Edinburgh Scotland UK Somerville College Oxford UKInternational spread of Victorian styles Edit The China Merchants Bank Building is an example of Victorian architecture found in Shanghai China During the 18th century a few English architects emigrated to the colonies but as the British Empire became firmly established during the 19th century many architects emigrated at the start of their careers Some chose the United States and others went to Canada Australia and New Zealand Normally they applied architectural styles that were fashionable when they left England By the latter half of the century however improving transport and communications meant that even remote parts of the Empire had access to publications such as the magazine The Builder which helped colonial architects keep informed about current fashion Thus the influence of English architecture spread across the world Several prominent architects produced English derived designs around the world including William Butterfield St Peter s Cathedral Adelaide and Jacob Wrey Mould Chief Architect of Public Works in New York City Australia Edit Modern skyscrapers on Collins Street Melbourne have been deliberately set back from the street in order to retain Victorian era buildings Most terraces in Australia have been preserved Pictured are Victorian style terraces in SydneyThe Victorian period flourished in Australia and is generally recognised as being from 1840 to 1890 which saw a gold rush and population boom during the 1880s in the states of New South Wales and Victoria There were fifteen styles that predominated 3 Victorian Georgian Victorian Regency Egyptian Academic Classical Free Classical Filigree Mannerist Second Empire Italianate Romanesque Tudor Academic Gothic Free Gothic Rustic Gothic Carpenter Gothic The Arts and Crafts style and Queen Anne style are considered to be part of the Federation Period from 1890 to 1915 4 Melbourne s world heritage Royal Exhibition Building built in 1880 Free Classical General Post Office Sydney in the Free Classical style 1891 Hotel Windsor Melbourne 1885 St Peter s Cathedral Adelaide Gothic Revival Sydney Town Hall in Second Empire style Queen Victoria Building in Romanesque style 1898 South Melbourne Town Hall in Second Empire style St Mary s Cathedral Sydney in Victorian Gothic architecture 1882 Victorian Mannerist architecture lining a street in Sydney Princess Theatre Melbourne State Library of Victoria of the Academic Classical style 1870 Brookman Hall UniSA City East Campus Adelaide South Australia Gazebo in Adelaide South Australia Italianate home in Randwick Filigree style terraces in Surry Hills with ornate iron wrought detailing Second Empire and Filigree residence in South YarraHong Kong Edit Western influence in architecture was strong when Hong Kong was a British colony Victorian architecture in Hong Kong St Andrew s Church St John s Cathedral Former Marine Police Headquarters now officially named as 1881 Heritage which is a hotel and a shopping mall Ireland Edit Victorian Queenstown Cobh Georgian architecture is more prominent in Ireland than Victorian architecture The cities of Dublin Limerick and Cork are famously dominated by Georgian squares and terraces Though Victorian architecture flourished in certain quarters Particularly around Dublin s Wicklow Street and Upper Baggot Street and in the suburbs of Phibsboro Glasnevin Rathmines Ranelagh Rathgar Rathfarnham and Terenure The colourful Italianate buildings of Cobh are excellent examples of the regional Victorian style in Ireland Further examples of Victorian architecture in the country include Dublin s George s Street Arcade the Royal City of Dublin Hospital on Baggot Street and the Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital on Adelaide Road A Victorian terrace in Cobh known as the deck of cards Victorian shops and cafes including the George s Street Arcade Dublin D02 Victorian Upper Baggot Street Dublin D02 Victorian terraced houses in Dublin D6W Rathmines Clock Tower Rathmines Dublin D06 The Royal City of Dublin Hospital Dublin D04 National Botanic Gardens glasshouse Glasnevin Dublin D09 The Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital Adelaide Road Dublin D02Sri Lanka Edit During the British colonial period of British Ceylon Sri Lanka Law College Sri Lanka College of Technology Galle Face Hotel and the Royal College Main Building North America Edit The Painted Ladies are an example of Victorian architecture found in San Francisco California In the United States Victorian architecture generally describes styles that were most popular between 1860 and 1900 A list of these styles most commonly includes Second Empire 1855 85 Stick Eastlake 1860 c 1890 Folk Victorian 1870 1910 Queen Anne 1880 1910 Richardsonian Romanesque 1880 1900 and Shingle 1880 1900 As in the United Kingdom examples of Gothic Revival and Italianate continued to be constructed during this period and are therefore sometimes called Victorian Some historians classify the later years of Gothic Revival as a distinctive Victorian style named High Victorian Gothic Stick Eastlake a manner of geometric machine cut decorating derived from Stick and Queen Anne is sometimes considered a distinct style On the other hand terms such as Painted Ladies or gingerbread may be used to describe certain Victorian buildings but do not constitute a specific style The names of architectural styles as well as their adaptations varied between countries Many homes combined the elements of several different styles and are not easily distinguishable as one particular style or another Victorian facades on 16th Street San FranciscoNotable Victorian inspired cities during this era include Alameda Astoria Albany Deal Troy Philadelphia Washington D C Boston the Brooklyn Heights and Victorian Flatbush sections of New York City Buffalo Rochester Chicago Columbus Detroit Eureka Galena Galveston Grand Rapids Baltimore Jersey City Hoboken Cape May Louisville Cincinnati Atlanta Milwaukee New Orleans Pittsburgh Richmond Saint Paul San Francisco and Midtown in Sacramento Los Angeles grew from a Pueblo village into a Victorian Downtown now almost entirely demolished but with residential remnants in its Angelino Heights and Westlake neighborhoods San Francisco is particularly well known for its extensive Victorian architecture especially in the Haight Ashbury Lower Haight Alamo Square Western Addition Mission Duboce Triangle Noe Valley Castro Nob Hill and Pacific Heights neighborhoods An example of residential architecture in the Old West End District Toledo Ohio a well preserved historic district full of Victorian architectureThe extent to which any one is the largest surviving example is debated with numerous qualifications The Distillery District in Toronto Ontario contains the largest and best preserved collection of Victorian era industrial architecture in North America citation needed Cabbagetown is the largest and most continuous Victorian residential area in North America citation needed Other Toronto Victorian neighbourhoods include The Annex Parkdale and Rosedale In the US the South End of Boston is recognized by the National Register of Historic Places as the oldest and largest Victorian neighborhood in the country 5 6 Old Louisville in Louisville Kentucky also claims to be the nation s largest Victorian neighborhood 7 8 Richmond Virginia is home to several large Victorian neighborhoods the most prominent being The Fan The Fan district is best known locally as Richmond s largest and most European of Richmond s neighborhoods and nationally as the largest contiguous Victorian neighborhood in the United States 9 The Old West End neighborhood of Toledo Ohio is recognized as the largest collection of late Victorian and Edwardian homes in the United States east of the Mississippi 10 Summit Avenue in Saint Paul Minnesota has the longest line of Victorian homes in the country Over The Rhine in Cincinnati Ohio has the largest collection of early Victorian Italianate architecture in the United States 11 12 13 and is an example of an intact 19th century urban neighborhood 14 According to National Register of Historic Places Cape May Historic District has one of the largest collections of late 19th century frame buildings left in the United States 15 The photo album L Architecture Americaine by Albert Levy published in 1886 is perhaps the first recognition in Europe of the new forces emerging in North American architecture 16 Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts Philadelphia by Frank Furness Allegheny County Courthouse Pittsburgh Pennsylvania by Henry Hobson Richardson The California Southern Railroad s San Diego passenger terminal built in 1887 Brooklyn Bridge 1883 New York City The Carson Mansion in Eureka California widely considered one of the highest executions of Queen Anne style built 1884 86 John Steinbeck s childhood home in Salinas California Emlen Physick Estate in Cape May Historic District New Jersey by Frank Furness The Saitta House Dyker Heights Brooklyn New York built in 1899 is designed in the Queen Anne style 17 1880s photo of 653 W Wrightwood now 655 W Wrightwood in the Lincoln Park neighborhood of Chicago Illinois The Italianate style Farnam Mansion in Oneida New York Built circa 1862 James J Hill House in St Paul Minnesota built in 1891 Victorian gazebo in Ohio Series of Italianate tenements in Over The Rhine Cincinnati Ohio Ford Piquette Avenue Plant Detroit Michigan built 1904 Gingerbread trim on an 1882 house in Cape May New Jersey 18 19 The Jacob C Allen House c 1870 in Hackettstown New JerseyCanada Edit Canada s chief dominion architects designed numerous federal buildings over the course of the Victorian era Thomas Fuller s completion of the Canadian Parliament Buildings in 1866 in particular established a High Victorian Gothic influence over Canadian architectural design for several consecutive decades producing many public buildings churches residences industrial buildings and hotels 20 Brick Victorian styled homes were built throughout Cabbagetown Toronto in the late 19th and early 20th century The Stone Distillery an example of Victorian industrial architecture One of four grotesques at the corners of the Peace Tower Banff Springs Hotel Basilica of Our Lady Immaculate British Columbia Parliament Buildings main block Canadian Museum of Nature Cathedral Church of St James Toronto Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception Saint John New Brunswick Central Chambers Ottawa Chateau Frontenac Christ Church Cathedral Montreal Christ Church Cathedral Fredericton Craigdarroch Castle Halifax Armoury Lady Meredith House Montreal City Hall Office of the Prime Minister and Privy Council formerly Langevin Block Old Galt Post Office Building Old Toronto City Hall Parliament Buildings Centre Block and Library Place Viger St Paul s Cathedral London Ontario The Algonquin Thomas Fuller Building Brockville Ontario University College Toronto Main Building Winnipeg City Hall 1887 India Edit Because India was a colony of Britain Victorian Architecture is prevalent in India Especially in cities like Mumbai Kolkata and Chennai In Mumbai Formerly called Bombay buildings like Municipal Corporation Building Bombay University Bombay High Court Asiatic Society of Mumbai Building Former Town Hall and the David Sasoon Library are some example of Victorian Architecture in Mumbai In Kolkata Formerly called Calcutta buildings like the Victoria Memorial Calcutta High Court St Paul s Cathedral The Asiatic Society of Bengal are some examples of Victorian Architecture in Kolkata In Chennai Formerly called Madras some examples include Madras High court State Bank of Madras and St Mary s Church 21 Preservation EditEfforts to preserve landmarks of Victorian architecture are ongoing and are often led by the Victorian Society A recent campaign the group has taken on is the preservation of Victorian gasometers after utility companies announced plans to demolish nearly 200 of the now outdated structures 22 See also Edit Architecture portal United Kingdom portalVictorian decorative arts Victorian house Victorian restoration Folk Victorian Albert Levy photographer Georgian architectureReferences and sources EditCitations Edit Fonthill Abbey house Wiltshire England United Kingdom Britannica www britannica com Retrieved 2022 06 02 Blank Alan McEvoy Michael Plank Roger 1993 Architecture and Construction in Steel Taylor amp Francis ISBN 0 419 17660 8 Apperly Irving amp Reynolds 1994 pp 40 97 Apperly Irving amp Reynolds 1994 pp 132 143 South End Realty Community Archived from the original on 16 July 2011 South End Historical Society Louisville Facts amp Firsts LouisvilleKy gov Archived from the original on 6 October 2014 Retrieved 14 December 2009 What is Old Louisville Old Louisville Guide Archived from the original on 27 November 2009 Retrieved 14 December 2009 The Fan District Great Public Spaces Project for Public Spaces PPS Archived from the original on 1 December 2008 Stine L 2005 Historic Old West End Toledo Ohio Bookmasters Quinlivan 2001 Cincinnati com Cincinnati com Archived from the original on 20 January 2015 Retrieved 1 May 2018 Lonely Planet 14 January 2016 Top 10 US travel destinations for 2012 Lonely Planet Archived from the original on 6 September 2015 Over the Rhine Chamber of Commerce Over the Rhine Historical Sites Archived 11 September 2009 at the Wayback Machine Cape May Historic District National Park Service Retrieved 27 February 2021 Lewis 1975 Saitta House Report Part 1 Archived 2008 12 16 at the Wayback Machine DykerHeightsCivicAssociation com Gingerbread Trim Feast your eyes on these ornate Victorian era embellishments This Old House 2 February 2007 Retrieved 12 January 2020 Eldridge Johnson House 33 Perry Street moved from 225 Congress Street Cape May Cape May County NJ Historic American Buildings Survey Library of Congress Retrieved 12 January 2020 Christopher Thomas 2015 Canadian Architecture 1867 1914 The Canadian Encyclopedia Retrieved 11 April 2022 British India and Victorian Era Architecture victorianweb org Retrieved 2022 07 15 Sean O Hagan Gasworks wonders Archived 23 September 2016 at the Wayback Machine The Guardian 14 June 2015 Sources Edit Apperly Richard Irving Robert Reynolds Peter L 1994 A Pictorial Guide to Identifying Australian Architecture Styles and Terms from 1788 to the Present Angus amp Robertson ISBN 978 0 207 18562 5 Dixon Roger Muthesius Stefan 1978 Victorian Architecture With a Short Dictionary of Architects and 251 Illustrations Thames and Hudson ISBN 978 0 500 18163 8 Lewis Arnold 1975 American Victorian architecture a survey of the 70 s and 80 s in contemporary photographs Dover Publications ISBN 978 0 486 23177 8 Prentice Helaine K 1986 Rehab Right Ten Speed Press ISBN 978 0 89815 172 5 includes descriptions of different Victorian and early 20th century architectural styles common in the San Francisco Bay Area particularly Oakland and detailed instructions for repair and restoration of details common to older house styles External links EditDecorative Hardware of the Victorian Era An American Perspective Raheel Ahmad History and Style of Victorian Architecture and Hardware Manchester a Victorian City Photographs of Victorian Homes in Hamilton Ontario Canada Victorian era architecture in San Francisco California Victorian era architecture and history in Buffalo New York Architectural influences on Victorian style Victorian churches blog Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Victorian architecture amp oldid 1168647128, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.