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Wikipedia

Trinity Broadcasting Network

February 15, 2024

The Trinity Broadcasting Network (TBN; legally Trinity Broadcasting of Texas, Inc.) is an international Christian-based broadcast television network[1][2] and the world's largest religious television network.[3] TBN was headquartered in Costa Mesa, California, until March 3, 2017, when it sold its highly visible office park, Trinity Christian City.[4] The broadcaster retained its studios in nearby Tustin. Auxiliary studio facilities are located in Irving, Hendersonville, Gadsden, Decatur, Miami and Orlando, Tulsa and New York City. TBN has characterized itself as broadcasting programs hosted by a diverse group of ministries from Evangelical, traditional Protestant and Catholic denominations, non-profit charities, Messianic Jewish and Christian media personalities.[5] TBN also offers a wide range of original programming, faith-based films, and political opinion commentary from various distributors.[6]

Trinity Broadcasting Network
TypeReligious broadcast television network
CountryUnited States
Broadcast areaWorldwide
HeadquartersTustin, California
Programming
Language(s)English
Picture format
  • 720p/1080i HDTV
  • (broadcast affiliates exclusively transmit TBN programming in SD)
Ownership
Key people
History
Founded1973 (51 years ago) (1973)
Launched1973 (51 years ago) (1973)
FounderPaul and Jan Crouch
Former namesTrinity Broadcasting Systems
Links
Websitewww.tbn.org
Availability
Terrestrial
Available on full-power and some low-power stations in most marketsSee list of affiliates
Streaming media
Digital media receiverRoku
Digital media receiverApple TV
Digital media receiverAmazon Fire TV
Watch TBNWatch live
(Free account required)

TBN owns and operates six broadcast networks, each reaching separate demographics. In addition to the main TBN network, TBN owns TBN Inspire, Smile, Enlace, TBN Salsa and Positiv. It also owns several other religious networks outside the United States, including international versions of its five U.S. networks. Matt Crouch is currently TBN's president and head of operations.[7][8]

History

The Trinity Broadcasting Network was co-founded as the Trinity Broadcasting Systems in 1973 by Paul Crouch, an Assemblies of God minister, and his spouse Jan Crouch.[9] TBN began its broadcasting activities by renting time on the independent station KBSA (now UniMás owned-and-operated station KFTR-DT) in Ontario, California. After that station was sold, he began buying two hours a day of programming time on KLXA-TV in Fontana, California, in early 1974. That station was put up for sale shortly afterward. Paul Crouch then placed a bid to buy the station for $1 million and raised $100,000 for a down payment. After many struggles, the Crouches managed to raise the down payment and took over the station outright, with the station becoming KTBN-TV in 1977 and its city of license being reassigned to TBN's original homebase, Santa Ana, in 1983.

Initially, the station ran Christian programs for about six hours a day, expanding its programming to 12 hours a day by 1975, and began selling time to other Christian organizations to supplement its local programming. The station eventually instituted a 24-hour schedule in 1978.

 
TBN logo used from 1982 to 1992

The fledgling network was so weak in its first days, that, according to Crouch in his autobiography, Hello World!, it almost went bankrupt after just two days on the air. TBN began national distribution through cable television providers in 1978. The ministry, which became known as the Trinity Broadcasting Network, gained national distribution via communications satellite in 1982. The network was a member of the National Religious Broadcasters association until 1990.

In 1977, the ministry purchased KPAZ-TV in Phoenix, Arizona, becoming its second television station property. During the 1980s and 1990s, TBN purchased additional independent television stations and signed on new stations around the United States; the purchase of the existing stations was done in order to gain cable carriage, due to the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)'s must-carry rules. TBN's availability eventually expanded to 95% of American households by early 2005.[10]

Broadcast outlets

Main article: List of Trinity Broadcasting Network affiliates

TBN owns 35 full-power television stations serving larger metropolitan areas in the United States; at its peak, the network also owned 252 low-power television stations, which are mixed among stations serving medium-sized cities and rural translator stations in order to maximize the network's reach as much as is permissible. TBN also has several hundred affiliate stations throughout the United States, although just 61 of these are full-power UHF or VHF stations; the rest are low-powered stations, requiring a viewer to be within several miles of the transmitter to receive the signal. According to TVNewsCheck, TBN was the third largest over-the-air television station group in the country as of 2010, besting the station groups of CBS, Fox and NBC, but behind Ion Media Networks and Univision Communications.[11]

Many of TBN's stations are owned by the ministry outright, while others are owned through the subsidiary Community Educational Television, in order to own stations that TBN cannot acquire directly due to FCC ownership limits (which restrict companies from owning stations with a combined market reach of 39% of the United States), or are allocated for educational use and require additional programming to comply with that license purpose. TBN's programming is available by default via a national feed distributed to cable and satellite providers in markets without a local TBN station (this contrasts with the major commercial networks, which under FCC regulations, allow providers to import an owned-and-operated or affiliate station from a nearby market if no local over-the-air affiliate exists).

Worldwide, TBN's channels are broadcast on 70 satellites and over 18,000 television and cable affiliates. The TBN networks are also streamed live on the internet globally;[12] the network also provides select archived shows on demand, through the website and select IPTV services.[13][14]

During 2010, citing economic problems and a lack of donations, TBN closed down and sold many of its low-powered television repeaters. Of those, 17 were sold to another Christian television network, Daystar.[15] On April 13, 2012, TBN sold 36 of its translators to Regal Media, a broadcasting group headed by George Cooney, the CEO of EUE/Screen Gems.[16]

Another 151 translators were donated to the Minority Media and Television Council (MMTC),[17] an organization designed to preserve equal opportunity and civil rights in the media;[18] MMTC would later sell 78 of these translators to Luken Communications, parent company of the Retro Television Network.[19] Four more translators in Dothan, Alabama; Kirksville, Missouri; Jonesboro, Arkansas; and Jackson, Tennessee, were sold by MMTC to New Moon Communications, with the intent to convert them into NBC affiliates.[20] However, in September 2012, New Moon put all four of these translators for sale.[21] Only Gray Television would purchase a transmitter in Dothan, which was converted into NBC affiliate WRGX-LD; the licenses in Ottumwa (KUMK-LP)[22] and Jackson (WZMC-LP) would later be canceled[23] (the NBC affiliate in Jackson, WNBJ-LD, operates using a different license). Its Jonesboro transmitter, KJNE-LP remained silent but with an active license; however, that market's ABC affiliate KAIT ended up obtaining the NBC affiliation instead, via a subchannel.[24] KJNE-LP ended up becoming a translator station of Fox affiliate KJNB-LD. Another 44 of the licenses that were donated by TBN to the MMTC would be canceled on December 1, 2011, due to remaining silent for over a year.[25]

On October 22, 2012, TBN acquired WRBJ-TV in Jackson, Mississippi from Roberts Broadcasting. Following FCC and bankruptcy court approval on January 17, 2013,[26] TBN officially took over operational control of WRBJ on May 24, 2013, dropping all secular and CW network programming and converting it into a full-time satellite of TBN (the network was previously available in the Jackson area on WJKO-LP, which was later sold to Daystar).[27]

On July 8, 2013, TBN announced an affiliation with the Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada religious station Miracle Channel; as part of the agreement, Miracle Channel added some of TBN's flagship programs, including Praise The Lord and Behind The Scenes, while TBN picked up programs shown on Miracle Channel, including services from the Springs Church (of which Miracle Channel CEO Leon Fontaine is a pastor), and The Leon Show on The Church Channel. Plans were also announced for Fontaine to become a regular host on Praise the Lord and four episodes per-year to originate from Canada, and for Miracle Channel and TBN co-produce a new weekly program.[28]

In December 2023, TBN announced a distribution partnership with Phil McGraw's new venture Merit Street Media.[29]

Digital television

The signals of TBN's television stations are multiplexed into digital subchannels, which carry additional networks operated by the organization. These subchannels typically include:

Programming

Overview

TBN produces a variety of original Christian programs, such as gospel music concerts, live coverage of major Christian events, talk shows, health/fitness/nutrition programs with Christian family doctors, children's programs, contemporary Christian music videos, marriage enrichment series, holiday specials, Christian dramas, and full-length, family-oriented movies.[32] In addition, the network airs local religious programming on each of their feeds.

The network's flagship program Praise is hosted by various regular and guest hosts, including TBN president Matt Crouch and his wife Laurie Crouch. It features interviews with celebrities, ministers, and laypeople discussing faith-based topics and their personal relationship with God; as well as musical performances from gospel and contemporary Christian artists. The program originated as Praise the Lord, was regularly hosted by TBN founders Paul and Jan Crouch, and was originally two or three hours long. Until 2017, local versions of Praise the Lord were produced by TBN owned-and-operated stations and affiliates in order to fulfill public affairs content guidelines.[citation needed]

Children's programming

TBN runs VeggieTales under the "Smile" banner on Saturdays 8–10 a.m Eastern Time to fulfill E/I programming requirements as per the FCC's Children's Television Act.[33] Programs previously featured as part of the lineup, which are also broadcast on TBN's Smile network, ranged from contemporary programs (such as 3-2-1 Penguins!), classic series (such as Davey and Goliath), and TBN originals (such as iShine Knect and Mary Rice Hopkins & Puppets with a Heart).[34]

Regularly scheduled shows

Source:[34]

Personalities featured on TBN

Movies

Since 2009, TBN has broadcast feature-length religious- and/or inspirational-themed films; these films air primarily on weekend evenings (with films based on biblical stories most commonly airing on Sundays), with more contemporary films – which often incorporate moral lessons, faith-based lessons or a combination thereof, and are commonly targeted at youth audiences – airing on Saturday nights as part of the network's "preview" block of JUCE TV programs and intermittently on Monday through Fridays during the late-afternoon and overnight hours.

Films produced by or for TBN have included The Revolutionary and The Revolutionary II (based on the life of Jesus); The Emissary (a film on the life of the apostle Paul); The Omega Code and its sequel Megiddo: The Omega Code 2; Carman: The Champion; Time Changer; and Six: The Mark Unleashed (starring Stephen Baldwin and David A.R. White).[12] Some of these films were produced by Gener8Xion Entertainment, TBN's Hollywood, California-based Christian motion picture studio, which was co-founded by Matt and Laurie Crouch.

TBN also broadcasts films from other production companies on its main network and some of its sister networks (in particular, JUCE TV and Smile of a Child TV in the U.S.). One notable film was Mel Gibson's The Passion of the Christ, which had its television premiere on TBN on April 17, 2011. TBN presented the film with much of the graphic violence included (due to its depiction of the events leading to and including the crucifixion of Jesus Christ as illustrated in Biblical teachings); as a result, TBN assigned a "TV-MA-V" rating for the film – a rarity for many Christian networks.[37][38]

TBN HD

On December 15, 2009, the Trinity Broadcasting Network became the first Christian television network to broadcast completely in high definition.[39] However, until 2018 only the national cable-satellite feed was transmitted in HD; TBN's owned-and-operated broadcast stations were not equipped to allow HD broadcasts due partly to the bandwidth limitations caused by its mandatory carriage of five subchannels over a single broadcast signal and the lack of a modern multiplexer at the transmitter level, disallowing TBN's master control from sending the main feed in high definition or widescreen standard definition (this is in comparison to Ion Media Networks, which carries five to six multiplex services on most of its stations – including its flagship network Ion Television, which is transmitted in high-definition); the primary TBN network feed is transmitted in standard-definition by its owned-and-operated stations and affiliates. Thus, widescreen programming on TBN's broadcast services were offered over-the-air in a letterboxed 4:3 picture format, though they are offered in their native formats on pay television and IPTV services (including TBN's mobile and digital media player apps, the latter requiring email authentication and an opt-in to the network's mailing list as of June 2018). At some point in 2018, some TBN over-the-air stations upgraded their primary feed and second subchannel to 720p HD, where available and/or technically possible.

Charitable and humanitarian initiatives

Smile of a Child Foundation

The Smile of a Child Foundation is a compassion-focused ministry, founded in 2005 by TBN co-founder Jan Crouch initially as a vehicle to reach the children of Haiti, providing food, medical care, toys and disaster relief to people in need. Crouch has over 20 years of personal involvement with the island country, having established a children's hospital, an orphanage and a school in Haiti. TBN spent millions in donations and other funding on these humanitarian projects.[40]

Following the January 12, 2010, Haiti earthquake, TBN made immediate contributions of $100,000 through Lake Charles, Louisiana-based Friend Ships, which speeds emergency relief aid and medical expertise all over the world in its fleet of dedicated cargo/ministry ships.[41] Friend Ships has been partnering with TBN and Smile since 1992, Paul Crouch personally donated a Bell 206 Jet Ranger helicopter to the humanitarian organization.

In May 2009, the United Nations officially recommended the Smile of a Child Foundation to receive special consultative status with the Economic and Social Council for the Democracy Coalition Project.[42]

Attractions

Trinity Music City

Trinity Music City[43] is an entertainment complex in Hendersonville, Tennessee; near Nashville, operated by TBN and serving as the studios for TBN's Nashville-area station, WPGD-TV. Formerly known as "Twitty City", the former estate of country music legend Conway Twitty, the complex includes the 2,000-seat Trinity Music City Church Auditorium, which is used for TBN-produced concerts, dramas, seminars and special events. A 50-seat virtual reality theater showcases four original productions from TBN Films.[44]

Trinity Christian City International

Trinity Christian City International was a complex in Costa Mesa, California, which served as the headquarters for TBN as well as a tourist attraction. On March 3, 2017, it was announced by The Christian media network that Trinity Christian City International had been sold to Greenlaw Partners, because TBN now finds its campus "obsolete". A sales price was not disclosed.[45] On April 12, 2017, it was revealed that the sales price was $18.25 million.[46]

Holy Land Experience

Main article: Holy Land Experience

In June 2007, TBN purchased the bible-themed adventure park Holy Land Experience in Orlando, Florida, for $37 million.[47][48]

Controversies

Theology

Trinity Broadcasting Network had previously come under heavy criticism for its promotion of the prosperity gospel, teaching viewers that they will receive a reward if they donate or give offerings.[49] In a 2004 interview with the Los Angeles Times, Paul Crouch, Jr. expressed his disappointment that "the prosperity gospel is a lightning rod for the Body of Christ. It's not what drives TBN."[50] Under leadership of Matt Crouch, TBN no longer adheres to or practices that theology, and programming changes such as removing Kenneth Copeland reflect that shift.[51]

TBN has always broadcast programming featuring Protestant pastors who are not into the prosperity gospel, such as Charles Stanley, Jack Graham, Franklin Graham, Billy Graham, Michael Youssef, David Jeremiah and Robert Jeffress. Senator Chuck Grassley, the chairman of the United States Senate Committee on Finance has conducted investigations into whether Joyce Meyer and Benny Hinn mishandled their finances; neither were found to have committed wrongdoing.[52][53]

Wealth and transparency

TBN is a 501(c)(3) non-profit company. Full disclosure of TBN's financial statements have been evaluated by Charity Navigator, the largest evaluator of charities and non-profit companies in the U.S. TBN has received a three out of four star rating for four consecutive years, and in 2009 earned a rating of two out of four stars due to a 2% increase in administrative costs in 2009; the report also revealed that for the fiscal year ending December 2009, TBN president Paul Crouch, Sr. earned $419,500; co-vice president Jan Crouch earned $361,000; and co-vice president Paul Crouch, Jr. earned $214,137. TBN is currently under Donor Advisory status with Charity Navigator.[54]

Another charity watchdog group, Ministry Watch, gave TBN an "F" in 2011 for its failure to provide financial statements, lack of timeliness in responding to correspondence, and its lack of clarity in the provided information. As a result, TBN was placed on the group's alert list annually since 2009.[55][56]

TBN's annual financial information is monitored by the Chronicle of Philanthropy, where it is ranked 243 out of the top 400 non-profit corporations in the United States.[57] TBN is not a member of the Evangelical Council for Financial Accountability.

In 2011, Paul Crouch, Jr. resigned from his position as co-vice president on TBN. On November 10 of that year, Crouch, Jr. joined The Word Network as its Director of Project Development.[58]

In February 2012, Brittany Koper, TBN's former Director of Finance (and the daughter of Paul Crouch Jr.), filed a lawsuit against her former attorneys, Davert & Loe. The three counts of the complaint were for breach of fiduciary duties, intentional infliction of emotional distress, and professional negligence. In this lawsuit, Koper alleged that TBN unlawfully distributed over $50 million to the ministry's directors. Koper filed the suit following the termination of her employment with TBN. Davert & Loe, who also represented TBN, denied her claims. Koper's suit against Davert & Loe is pending; no official judicial ruling has been made in this matter.[59][60] In a May 2012 interview with The New York Times, Koper claimed, "My job as finance director was to find ways to label extravagant personal spending as ministry expenses." Koper alleged that the network had herself and chauffeurs and sound engineers ordained as ministers in order to avoid paying Social Security taxes on their salaries.[59]

Lawsuits

In September 2004, the Los Angeles Times reported that Paul Crouch had paid former TBN employee Enoch Lonnie Ford a $425,000 formal settlement to end a wrongful termination lawsuit in 1998.[61] Ford alleged that he and Crouch had a homosexual tryst during his employment with the ministry.[62] TBN officials acknowledged the settlement but contested Ford's credibility, noting that he had previously been convicted for child molestation and drug abuse. In 1996, Ford was fired by TBN after he was arrested for drug-related offenses and returned to prison for a year. Ford allegedly threatened to sue TBN for wrongful termination and sexual harassment after the network refused to hire him following his release, resulting in his claims against Crouch. TBN officials stated that the settlement was made in order to avoid a lengthy and expensive lawsuit.[63]

In late 2003, Ford attempted to extort Crouch, threatening to release an autobiographical manuscript of their alleged affair if TBN did not purchase the document for $10 million. In October 2004, Judge Robert J. O'Neill awarded Crouch $136,000 in legal fees to be paid by Ford for his violation of the terms of the settlement agreement, specifically the prohibition of discussing the details of the settlement. On March 15, 2005, Ford appeared on the PAX TV reality series Lie Detector to be given a polygraph test; the results of the test were never broadcast or made public.[64]

In June 2012, the Orange County Register reported that Carra Crouch, a granddaughter of Paul and Jan Crouch, alleged in a lawsuit that she had been raped by a TBN employee when she was 13 years old.[65] Carra claimed to have been sexually abused while staying at an Atlanta hotel during TBN's "Spring Praise-a-Thon" in 2006. She also claimed that Jan Crouch and TBN attorney John Casoria blamed her for the incident, yet agreed not to turn the fired employee in to authorities if he did not file for unemployment, worker's comp or EEOC benefits. TBN attorney Colby May "vehemently denied" Carra's claims.[66] In 2017, a year after Jan Crouch's death, a jury awarded Carra $2 million in damages for "mental suffering", but found that Jan had not been acting as a "Trinity Clergy Member" and therefore wasn't legally required to report the assault.[67]

Pre-emption of programs due to criticism of other religions

Bible prophecy scholar Hal Lindsey's program International Intelligence Briefing, which occasionally aired commentary segments criticizing Muslims and Islam, aired on TBN from 1994 to 2005. In December 2005, TBN pre-empted the program for the entire month. Lindsey accused the network of censorship, saying, "some at the network apparently feel that my message is too pro-Israel and too anti-Muslim."[68] Paul Crouch issued a press release stating that the show was only pre-empted for Christmas programming,[69] but eventually admitted that TBN management was concerned that Lindsey "placed Arabs in a negative light." Lindsey resigned from TBN on January 1, 2006, effectively canceling International Intelligence Briefing. However, one year later, Crouch and Lindsey reconciled and a new program, The Hal Lindsey Report, premiered on the network.[70]

In June 2011, TBN refused to rebroadcast an episode of Jack Van Impe's weekly program Jack Van Impe Presents, in which the evangelist criticized pastors Rick Warren and Robert Schuller for participating in interfaith conferences alongside Muslim leaders. Both Warren and Schuller denied the accusations.[71] Paul Crouch defended TBN's decision, stating that it was against network policy for personalities to attack each other on-air[72] (Schuller had a regular show on TBN). As a result, Jack Van Impe Ministries announced that it would no longer air Van Impe's program on TBN.[73]

Travel the Road in Afghanistan

TBN produces and airs the Christian reality show Travel the Road, which features missionaries Tim Scott and Will Decker in remote and often war-torn locations. In December 2008, the program attracted criticism from the Military Religious Freedom Foundation (MRFF), a watchdog group that looks for religious discrimination in the United States military, which claimed that Scott and Decker were embedded with U.S. troops stationed in Afghanistan. According to MRFF president Mikey Weinstein, the military exercises a "complete prohibition of the proselytizing of any religion, faith, or practice...You see [Scott and Decker] wearing American helmets. It is obvious they were completely embedded." When ABC News contacted the U.S. Army in Afghanistan about Scott and Decker's alleged embed, which had taken place four years previously, they said that they no longer had the documentation of the missionaries' status with the troops.[74]

Scott defended the trip to Afghanistan, telling ABC, "It wasn't like we were hiding in the back saying we're going to preach. [The military] knew what we were doing. We told them that we were born again Christians, we're here doing ministry, we shoot for this TV station and we want to embed and see what it was like. We were interviewing the chaplains and we talked to them. We spoke at the services and things like that. So we did do our mission being over there as far as being able to document what the soldiers go through, what it's like in Afghanistan. So I could say that we were on a secular mission as well as far as documenting. I would say we were news reporters as well, we were delivering news of what was actually happening there, but we were also there to document the Christian side." Scott argued that since the pair were acting as Christian journalists, they had the same right to cover the war in Afghanistan as secular networks.[74]

Awards and honors

See also

References

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External links

February 15, 2024
trinity, broadcasting, network, legally, trinity, broadcasting, texas, international, christian, based, broadcast, television, network, world, largest, religious, television, network, headquartered, costa, mesa, california, until, march, 2017, when, sold, high. The Trinity Broadcasting Network TBN legally Trinity Broadcasting of Texas Inc is an international Christian based broadcast television network 1 2 and the world s largest religious television network 3 TBN was headquartered in Costa Mesa California until March 3 2017 when it sold its highly visible office park Trinity Christian City 4 The broadcaster retained its studios in nearby Tustin Auxiliary studio facilities are located in Irving Hendersonville Gadsden Decatur Miami and Orlando Tulsa and New York City TBN has characterized itself as broadcasting programs hosted by a diverse group of ministries from Evangelical traditional Protestant and Catholic denominations non profit charities Messianic Jewish and Christian media personalities 5 TBN also offers a wide range of original programming faith based films and political opinion commentary from various distributors 6 Trinity Broadcasting NetworkTypeReligious broadcast television networkCountryUnited StatesBroadcast areaWorldwideHeadquartersTustin CaliforniaProgrammingLanguage s EnglishPicture format720p 1080i HDTV broadcast affiliates exclusively transmit TBN programming in SD OwnershipKey peoplePaul Crouch co founder Jan Crouch co founder Matt Crouch president HistoryFounded1973 51 years ago 1973 Launched1973 51 years ago 1973 FounderPaul and Jan CrouchFormer namesTrinity Broadcasting SystemsLinksWebsitewww wbr tbn wbr orgAvailabilityTerrestrialAvailable on full power and some low power stations in most marketsSee list of affiliatesStreaming mediaDigital media receiverRokuDigital media receiverApple TVDigital media receiverAmazon Fire TVWatch TBNWatch live Free account required TBN owns and operates six broadcast networks each reaching separate demographics In addition to the main TBN network TBN owns TBN Inspire Smile Enlace TBN Salsa and Positiv It also owns several other religious networks outside the United States including international versions of its five U S networks Matt Crouch is currently TBN s president and head of operations 7 8 Contents 1 History 2 Broadcast outlets 2 1 Digital television 3 Programming 3 1 Overview 3 1 1 Children s programming 3 1 2 Regularly scheduled shows 3 1 3 Personalities featured on TBN 3 1 4 Movies 4 TBN HD 5 Charitable and humanitarian initiatives 5 1 Smile of a Child Foundation 6 Attractions 6 1 Trinity Music City 6 2 Trinity Christian City International 6 3 Holy Land Experience 7 Controversies 7 1 Theology 7 2 Wealth and transparency 7 3 Lawsuits 7 4 Pre emption of programs due to criticism of other religions 7 5 Travel the Road in Afghanistan 8 Awards and honors 9 See also 10 References 11 External linksHistoryThe Trinity Broadcasting Network was co founded as the Trinity Broadcasting Systems in 1973 by Paul Crouch an Assemblies of God minister and his spouse Jan Crouch 9 TBN began its broadcasting activities by renting time on the independent station KBSA now UniMas owned and operated station KFTR DT in Ontario California After that station was sold he began buying two hours a day of programming time on KLXA TV in Fontana California in early 1974 That station was put up for sale shortly afterward Paul Crouch then placed a bid to buy the station for 1 million and raised 100 000 for a down payment After many struggles the Crouches managed to raise the down payment and took over the station outright with the station becoming KTBN TV in 1977 and its city of license being reassigned to TBN s original homebase Santa Ana in 1983 Initially the station ran Christian programs for about six hours a day expanding its programming to 12 hours a day by 1975 and began selling time to other Christian organizations to supplement its local programming The station eventually instituted a 24 hour schedule in 1978 nbsp TBN logo used from 1982 to 1992The fledgling network was so weak in its first days that according to Crouch in his autobiography Hello World it almost went bankrupt after just two days on the air TBN began national distribution through cable television providers in 1978 The ministry which became known as the Trinity Broadcasting Network gained national distribution via communications satellite in 1982 The network was a member of the National Religious Broadcasters association until 1990 In 1977 the ministry purchased KPAZ TV in Phoenix Arizona becoming its second television station property During the 1980s and 1990s TBN purchased additional independent television stations and signed on new stations around the United States the purchase of the existing stations was done in order to gain cable carriage due to the Federal Communications Commission FCC s must carry rules TBN s availability eventually expanded to 95 of American households by early 2005 10 Broadcast outletsMain article List of Trinity Broadcasting Network affiliates TBN owns 35 full power television stations serving larger metropolitan areas in the United States at its peak the network also owned 252 low power television stations which are mixed among stations serving medium sized cities and rural translator stations in order to maximize the network s reach as much as is permissible TBN also has several hundred affiliate stations throughout the United States although just 61 of these are full power UHF or VHF stations the rest are low powered stations requiring a viewer to be within several miles of the transmitter to receive the signal According to TVNewsCheck TBN was the third largest over the air television station group in the country as of 2010 besting the station groups of CBS Fox and NBC but behind Ion Media Networks and Univision Communications 11 Many of TBN s stations are owned by the ministry outright while others are owned through the subsidiary Community Educational Television in order to own stations that TBN cannot acquire directly due to FCC ownership limits which restrict companies from owning stations with a combined market reach of 39 of the United States or are allocated for educational use and require additional programming to comply with that license purpose TBN s programming is available by default via a national feed distributed to cable and satellite providers in markets without a local TBN station this contrasts with the major commercial networks which under FCC regulations allow providers to import an owned and operated or affiliate station from a nearby market if no local over the air affiliate exists Worldwide TBN s channels are broadcast on 70 satellites and over 18 000 television and cable affiliates The TBN networks are also streamed live on the internet globally 12 the network also provides select archived shows on demand through the website and select IPTV services 13 14 During 2010 citing economic problems and a lack of donations TBN closed down and sold many of its low powered television repeaters Of those 17 were sold to another Christian television network Daystar 15 On April 13 2012 TBN sold 36 of its translators to Regal Media a broadcasting group headed by George Cooney the CEO of EUE Screen Gems 16 Another 151 translators were donated to the Minority Media and Television Council MMTC 17 an organization designed to preserve equal opportunity and civil rights in the media 18 MMTC would later sell 78 of these translators to Luken Communications parent company of the Retro Television Network 19 Four more translators in Dothan Alabama Kirksville Missouri Jonesboro Arkansas and Jackson Tennessee were sold by MMTC to New Moon Communications with the intent to convert them into NBC affiliates 20 However in September 2012 New Moon put all four of these translators for sale 21 Only Gray Television would purchase a transmitter in Dothan which was converted into NBC affiliate WRGX LD the licenses in Ottumwa KUMK LP 22 and Jackson WZMC LP would later be canceled 23 the NBC affiliate in Jackson WNBJ LD operates using a different license Its Jonesboro transmitter KJNE LP remained silent but with an active license however that market s ABC affiliate KAIT ended up obtaining the NBC affiliation instead via a subchannel 24 KJNE LP ended up becoming a translator station of Fox affiliate KJNB LD Another 44 of the licenses that were donated by TBN to the MMTC would be canceled on December 1 2011 due to remaining silent for over a year 25 On October 22 2012 TBN acquired WRBJ TV in Jackson Mississippi from Roberts Broadcasting Following FCC and bankruptcy court approval on January 17 2013 26 TBN officially took over operational control of WRBJ on May 24 2013 dropping all secular and CW network programming and converting it into a full time satellite of TBN the network was previously available in the Jackson area on WJKO LP which was later sold to Daystar 27 On July 8 2013 TBN announced an affiliation with the Lethbridge Alberta Canada religious station Miracle Channel as part of the agreement Miracle Channel added some of TBN s flagship programs including Praise The Lord and Behind The Scenes while TBN picked up programs shown on Miracle Channel including services from the Springs Church of which Miracle Channel CEO Leon Fontaine is a pastor and The Leon Show on The Church Channel Plans were also announced for Fontaine to become a regular host on Praise the Lord and four episodes per year to originate from Canada and for Miracle Channel and TBN co produce a new weekly program 28 In December 2023 TBN announced a distribution partnership with Phil McGraw s new venture Merit Street Media 29 Digital television The signals of TBN s television stations are multiplexed into digital subchannels which carry additional networks operated by the organization These subchannels typically include TBN Inspire DT2 a channel that carries church services and worship music programming The network previously had an output deal with Australia s Hillsong Church 30 31 until 2022 Smile DT3 a channel which carries children s Christian programming TBN Enlace USA DT4 a localized feed of the Costa Rica based Spanish language Christian broadcaster Enlace Positiv DT5 a channel which carries Christian films ProgrammingOverview TBN produces a variety of original Christian programs such as gospel music concerts live coverage of major Christian events talk shows health fitness nutrition programs with Christian family doctors children s programs contemporary Christian music videos marriage enrichment series holiday specials Christian dramas and full length family oriented movies 32 In addition the network airs local religious programming on each of their feeds The network s flagship program Praise is hosted by various regular and guest hosts including TBN president Matt Crouch and his wife Laurie Crouch It features interviews with celebrities ministers and laypeople discussing faith based topics and their personal relationship with God as well as musical performances from gospel and contemporary Christian artists The program originated as Praise the Lord was regularly hosted by TBN founders Paul and Jan Crouch and was originally two or three hours long Until 2017 local versions of Praise the Lord were produced by TBN owned and operated stations and affiliates in order to fulfill public affairs content guidelines citation needed Children s programming TBN runs VeggieTales under the Smile banner on Saturdays 8 10 a m Eastern Time to fulfill E I programming requirements as per the FCC s Children s Television Act 33 Programs previously featured as part of the lineup which are also broadcast on TBN s Smile network ranged from contemporary programs such as 3 2 1 Penguins classic series such as Davey and Goliath and TBN originals such as iShine Knect and Mary Rice Hopkins amp Puppets with a Heart 34 Regularly scheduled shows Source 34 Classic Billy Graham Crusades Changing Your Life with Gregory Dickow Changing Your World with Creflo A Dollar Destined to Reign with Joseph Prince End of the Age with Irvin Baxter Jr Equip and Empower with Christine Caine Enjoying Everyday Life with Joyce Meyer Gospel Truth with Andrew Wommack Grace with Max Lucado Harvest with Greg Laurie Hour of Power In Touch with Dr Charles Stanley Joel Osteen Ministries John Hagee Today Kingdom Connection with Jentezen Franklin Leading the Way with Michael Youssef Life Today with James Robison Living Proof with Beth Moore Manna Fest with Perry Stone The Potter s Touch with Bishop TD Jakes Power Point with Jack Graham Praise flagship program various hosts The 700 Club hosted by Gordon P Robertson Touching Lives with Dr James Merritt Turning Point with David Jeremiah Winning Walk with Ed Young Sr Personalities featured on TBN Steven Furtick 35 Mike Huckabee 36 Movies Since 2009 TBN has broadcast feature length religious and or inspirational themed films these films air primarily on weekend evenings with films based on biblical stories most commonly airing on Sundays with more contemporary films which often incorporate moral lessons faith based lessons or a combination thereof and are commonly targeted at youth audiences airing on Saturday nights as part of the network s preview block of JUCE TV programs and intermittently on Monday through Fridays during the late afternoon and overnight hours Films produced by or for TBN have included The Revolutionary and The Revolutionary II based on the life of Jesus The Emissary a film on the life of the apostle Paul The Omega Code and its sequel Megiddo The Omega Code 2 Carman The Champion Time Changer and Six The Mark Unleashed starring Stephen Baldwin and David A R White 12 Some of these films were produced by Gener8Xion Entertainment TBN s Hollywood California based Christian motion picture studio which was co founded by Matt and Laurie Crouch TBN also broadcasts films from other production companies on its main network and some of its sister networks in particular JUCE TV and Smile of a Child TV in the U S One notable film was Mel Gibson s The Passion of the Christ which had its television premiere on TBN on April 17 2011 TBN presented the film with much of the graphic violence included due to its depiction of the events leading to and including the crucifixion of Jesus Christ as illustrated in Biblical teachings as a result TBN assigned a TV MA V rating for the film a rarity for many Christian networks 37 38 TBN HDOn December 15 2009 the Trinity Broadcasting Network became the first Christian television network to broadcast completely in high definition 39 However until 2018 only the national cable satellite feed was transmitted in HD TBN s owned and operated broadcast stations were not equipped to allow HD broadcasts due partly to the bandwidth limitations caused by its mandatory carriage of five subchannels over a single broadcast signal and the lack of a modern multiplexer at the transmitter level disallowing TBN s master control from sending the main feed in high definition or widescreen standard definition this is in comparison to Ion Media Networks which carries five to six multiplex services on most of its stations including its flagship network Ion Television which is transmitted in high definition the primary TBN network feed is transmitted in standard definition by its owned and operated stations and affiliates Thus widescreen programming on TBN s broadcast services were offered over the air in a letterboxed 4 3 picture format though they are offered in their native formats on pay television and IPTV services including TBN s mobile and digital media player apps the latter requiring email authentication and an opt in to the network s mailing list as of June 2018 At some point in 2018 some TBN over the air stations upgraded their primary feed and second subchannel to 720p HD where available and or technically possible Charitable and humanitarian initiativesSmile of a Child Foundation The Smile of a Child Foundation is a compassion focused ministry founded in 2005 by TBN co founder Jan Crouch initially as a vehicle to reach the children of Haiti providing food medical care toys and disaster relief to people in need Crouch has over 20 years of personal involvement with the island country having established a children s hospital an orphanage and a school in Haiti TBN spent millions in donations and other funding on these humanitarian projects 40 Following the January 12 2010 Haiti earthquake TBN made immediate contributions of 100 000 through Lake Charles Louisiana based Friend Ships which speeds emergency relief aid and medical expertise all over the world in its fleet of dedicated cargo ministry ships 41 Friend Ships has been partnering with TBN and Smile since 1992 Paul Crouch personally donated a Bell 206 Jet Ranger helicopter to the humanitarian organization In May 2009 the United Nations officially recommended the Smile of a Child Foundation to receive special consultative status with the Economic and Social Council for the Democracy Coalition Project 42 AttractionsTrinity Music City Trinity Music City 43 is an entertainment complex in Hendersonville Tennessee near Nashville operated by TBN and serving as the studios for TBN s Nashville area station WPGD TV Formerly known as Twitty City the former estate of country music legend Conway Twitty the complex includes the 2 000 seat Trinity Music City Church Auditorium which is used for TBN produced concerts dramas seminars and special events A 50 seat virtual reality theater showcases four original productions from TBN Films 44 Trinity Christian City International Trinity Christian City International was a complex in Costa Mesa California which served as the headquarters for TBN as well as a tourist attraction On March 3 2017 it was announced by The Christian media network that Trinity Christian City International had been sold to Greenlaw Partners because TBN now finds its campus obsolete A sales price was not disclosed 45 On April 12 2017 it was revealed that the sales price was 18 25 million 46 Holy Land Experience Main article Holy Land Experience In June 2007 TBN purchased the bible themed adventure park Holy Land Experience in Orlando Florida for 37 million 47 48 ControversiesTheology Trinity Broadcasting Network had previously come under heavy criticism for its promotion of the prosperity gospel teaching viewers that they will receive a reward if they donate or give offerings 49 In a 2004 interview with the Los Angeles Times Paul Crouch Jr expressed his disappointment that the prosperity gospel is a lightning rod for the Body of Christ It s not what drives TBN 50 Under leadership of Matt Crouch TBN no longer adheres to or practices that theology and programming changes such as removing Kenneth Copeland reflect that shift 51 TBN has always broadcast programming featuring Protestant pastors who are not into the prosperity gospel such as Charles Stanley Jack Graham Franklin Graham Billy Graham Michael Youssef David Jeremiah and Robert Jeffress Senator Chuck Grassley the chairman of the United States Senate Committee on Finance has conducted investigations into whether Joyce Meyer and Benny Hinn mishandled their finances neither were found to have committed wrongdoing 52 53 Wealth and transparency TBN is a 501 c 3 non profit company Full disclosure of TBN s financial statements have been evaluated by Charity Navigator the largest evaluator of charities and non profit companies in the U S TBN has received a three out of four star rating for four consecutive years and in 2009 earned a rating of two out of four stars due to a 2 increase in administrative costs in 2009 the report also revealed that for the fiscal year ending December 2009 TBN president Paul Crouch Sr earned 419 500 co vice president Jan Crouch earned 361 000 and co vice president Paul Crouch Jr earned 214 137 TBN is currently under Donor Advisory status with Charity Navigator 54 Another charity watchdog group Ministry Watch gave TBN an F in 2011 for its failure to provide financial statements lack of timeliness in responding to correspondence and its lack of clarity in the provided information As a result TBN was placed on the group s alert list annually since 2009 55 56 TBN s annual financial information is monitored by the Chronicle of Philanthropy where it is ranked 243 out of the top 400 non profit corporations in the United States 57 TBN is not a member of the Evangelical Council for Financial Accountability In 2011 Paul Crouch Jr resigned from his position as co vice president on TBN On November 10 of that year Crouch Jr joined The Word Network as its Director of Project Development 58 In February 2012 Brittany Koper TBN s former Director of Finance and the daughter of Paul Crouch Jr filed a lawsuit against her former attorneys Davert amp Loe The three counts of the complaint were for breach of fiduciary duties intentional infliction of emotional distress and professional negligence In this lawsuit Koper alleged that TBN unlawfully distributed over 50 million to the ministry s directors Koper filed the suit following the termination of her employment with TBN Davert amp Loe who also represented TBN denied her claims Koper s suit against Davert amp Loe is pending no official judicial ruling has been made in this matter 59 60 In a May 2012 interview with The New York Times Koper claimed My job as finance director was to find ways to label extravagant personal spending as ministry expenses Koper alleged that the network had herself and chauffeurs and sound engineers ordained as ministers in order to avoid paying Social Security taxes on their salaries 59 Lawsuits In September 2004 the Los Angeles Times reported that Paul Crouch had paid former TBN employee Enoch Lonnie Ford a 425 000 formal settlement to end a wrongful termination lawsuit in 1998 61 Ford alleged that he and Crouch had a homosexual tryst during his employment with the ministry 62 TBN officials acknowledged the settlement but contested Ford s credibility noting that he had previously been convicted for child molestation and drug abuse In 1996 Ford was fired by TBN after he was arrested for drug related offenses and returned to prison for a year Ford allegedly threatened to sue TBN for wrongful termination and sexual harassment after the network refused to hire him following his release resulting in his claims against Crouch TBN officials stated that the settlement was made in order to avoid a lengthy and expensive lawsuit 63 In late 2003 Ford attempted to extort Crouch threatening to release an autobiographical manuscript of their alleged affair if TBN did not purchase the document for 10 million In October 2004 Judge Robert J O Neill awarded Crouch 136 000 in legal fees to be paid by Ford for his violation of the terms of the settlement agreement specifically the prohibition of discussing the details of the settlement On March 15 2005 Ford appeared on the PAX TV reality series Lie Detector to be given a polygraph test the results of the test were never broadcast or made public 64 In June 2012 the Orange County Register reported that Carra Crouch a granddaughter of Paul and Jan Crouch alleged in a lawsuit that she had been raped by a TBN employee when she was 13 years old 65 Carra claimed to have been sexually abused while staying at an Atlanta hotel during TBN s Spring Praise a Thon in 2006 She also claimed that Jan Crouch and TBN attorney John Casoria blamed her for the incident yet agreed not to turn the fired employee in to authorities if he did not file for unemployment worker s comp or EEOC benefits TBN attorney Colby May vehemently denied Carra s claims 66 In 2017 a year after Jan Crouch s death a jury awarded Carra 2 million in damages for mental suffering but found that Jan had not been acting as a Trinity Clergy Member and therefore wasn t legally required to report the assault 67 Pre emption of programs due to criticism of other religions Bible prophecy scholar Hal Lindsey s program International Intelligence Briefing which occasionally aired commentary segments criticizing Muslims and Islam aired on TBN from 1994 to 2005 In December 2005 TBN pre empted the program for the entire month Lindsey accused the network of censorship saying some at the network apparently feel that my message is too pro Israel and too anti Muslim 68 Paul Crouch issued a press release stating that the show was only pre empted for Christmas programming 69 but eventually admitted that TBN management was concerned that Lindsey placed Arabs in a negative light Lindsey resigned from TBN on January 1 2006 effectively canceling International Intelligence Briefing However one year later Crouch and Lindsey reconciled and a new program The Hal Lindsey Report premiered on the network 70 In June 2011 TBN refused to rebroadcast an episode of Jack Van Impe s weekly program Jack Van Impe Presents in which the evangelist criticized pastors Rick Warren and Robert Schuller for participating in interfaith conferences alongside Muslim leaders Both Warren and Schuller denied the accusations 71 Paul Crouch defended TBN s decision stating that it was against network policy for personalities to attack each other on air 72 Schuller had a regular show on TBN As a result Jack Van Impe Ministries announced that it would no longer air Van Impe s program on TBN 73 Travel the Road in Afghanistan TBN produces and airs the Christian reality show Travel the Road which features missionaries Tim Scott and Will Decker in remote and often war torn locations In December 2008 the program attracted criticism from the Military Religious Freedom Foundation MRFF a watchdog group that looks for religious discrimination in the United States military which claimed that Scott and Decker were embedded with U S troops stationed in Afghanistan According to MRFF president Mikey Weinstein the military exercises a complete prohibition of the proselytizing of any religion faith or practice You see Scott and Decker wearing American helmets It is obvious they were completely embedded When ABC News contacted the U S Army in Afghanistan about Scott and Decker s alleged embed which had taken place four years previously they said that they no longer had the documentation of the missionaries status with the troops 74 Scott defended the trip to Afghanistan telling ABC It wasn t like we were hiding in the back saying we re going to preach The military knew what we were doing We told them that we were born again Christians we re here doing ministry we shoot for this TV station and we want to embed and see what it was like We were interviewing the chaplains and we talked to them We spoke at the services and things like that So we did do our mission being over there as far as being able to document what the soldiers go through what it s like in Afghanistan So I could say that we were on a secular mission as well as far as documenting I would say we were news reporters as well we were delivering news of what was actually happening there but we were also there to document the Christian side Scott argued that since the pair were acting as Christian journalists they had the same right to cover the war in Afghanistan as secular networks 74 Awards and honors2008 Parents Television Council Entertainment Seal of Approval 32 See alsoChristian Broadcasting Network Daystar Television Network another Christian television network which features many of the same programs Glorystar Well to Hell hoaxReferences Is Content Kaput The BRIDGE March 2009 Archived from the original on January 22 2010 Heavenly success TV s largest religious network continues to expand around the world while adding shows aimed at reaching a much wider audience 30th Anniversary Multichannel News May 26 2003 Archived from the original on November 4 2012 Retrieved November 11 2010 Elaine Woo December 2 2013 Paul Crouch dies at 79 founder of the Trinity Broadcasting Network The Washington Post Retrieved July 6 2014 He bought more television stations then piled on cable channels and eventually satellites until he had built the world s largest Christian television system Kalfus Marilyn March 3 2017 Trinity Broadcasting Network announced Friday that it has sold its landmark campus along the 405 on Bear Street in Costa Mesa Orange County Register website Retrieved March 6 2017 NOV 6 12 2010 Program Trinity Broadcasting Network Retrieved November 11 2010 TBN Films Trinity Broadcasting Network Retrieved November 11 2010 Colby May tbn org MATTHEW CROUCH NAMED CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD OF THE TRINITY BROADCASTING FAMILY OF NETWORKS USA September 8 2015 TBN founder Paul Crouch dies AL com November 30 2010 Mark Ward Sr The Electronic Church in the Digital Age Cultural Impacts of Evangelical Mass Media 2 volumes Cultural Impacts of Evangelical Mass Media ABC CLIO USA 2015 page 206 TV s Religious Revival Broadcasting amp Cable 2005 Retrieved June 19 2008 Top Station Groups Stay The Course TVNewsCheck April 7 2010 a b Watch Us Trinity Broadcasting Network Retrieved November 11 2010 IPTV Service Provider Auroras Entertainment Signs Content Deals with Eight New Programming Partners PR com Press release October 19 2006 Retrieved November 11 2010 Trinity s channels to bless Japan via IPTV OnScreenAsia com October 29 2007 Archived from the original on October 2 2011 Retrieved November 11 2010 TBN losing LPTV stations in Minnesota and North Dakota and Wisconsin Rapture Forums March 30 2010 Archived from the original on July 28 2011 via Northpine com Asset Purchase Agreement Trinity Christian Center Of Santa Ana Inc Trinity Broadcasting Of Arizona Inc Sellers and Regal Media Inc Buyer Federal Communications Commission FCC document COMMENTS OF LPTV ENTREPRENEURS PDF Federal Communications Commission December 17 2010 Multicultural Media Telecom and Internet Council Multicultural Media Telecom and Internet Council mmtconline org RTN Parent Buys 78 TV Translators TVNewsCheck June 16 2011 Malone Michael June 28 2011 New Moon Brings NBC to Four Tiny Markets Broadcasting amp Cable Retrieved June 28 2011 Per radiotvdeals com March 2014 Northpine com Request for Cancellation of License WZMC LP Jackson TN Facility Id 68047 Federal Communications Commission July 30 2013 KAIT Says It Will Launch An NBC Affiliate Arkansas Business December 29 2014 Retrieved December 29 2014 Re Applications for Assignment of License PDF CDBS Public Access Federal Communications Commission November 30 2011 Retrieved December 3 2011 Lisa Brown January 18 2013 Roberts Cos Mississippi TV station sale approved St Louis Post Dispatch The McClatchy Company Retrieved January 19 2013 Roberts brothers TV station in new hands The Clarion Ledger October 22 2012 TBN Canada s Miracle Channel To Share Shows Multichannel News Retrieved September 26 2013 Steinberg Brian December 6 2023 Dr Phil Will Team With Trinity Broadcasting to Launch New TV Network Variety Retrieved December 8 2023 Hillsong Launches 24 7 TV Channel Featuring Music Bible Teaching ChristianHeadlines com Retrieved January 11 2019 Hillsong Church launches life changing new 24 7 TV channel ChristianToday com June 2016 Retrieved January 11 2019 a b TBN Awarded Seal of Approval by Parents Television Council Parents Television Council February 28 2008 Retrieved November 11 2010 TBN Schedule 2021 12 01 PDF TBN Retrieved October 30 2023 a b Broadcast Schedule Watch Us Trinity Broadcasting Network Retrieved November 11 2010 Molina Alejandra Steven Furtick to Replace Kenneth Copeland on TBN Beavers Olivia September 17 2017 Huckabee lines up Trump as first guest on new talk show report The Hill TBN The Passion of the Christ Trinity Broadcasting Network The Passion Movie Premier Alert Sky Angel April 11 2011 Archived from the original on September 29 2011 TBN Launches High Definition Channel on AT amp T s U Verse TV Service Webwire com January 15 2010 Retrieved November 11 2010 Filmmaker s bond to Haiti CNN Turner Broadcasting System January 29 2010 Haiti Mission 2006 Friend Ships reaches out with tender loving care to the people of Haiti FriendShips org Retrieved November 11 2010 COMMITTEE ON NON GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS REJECTS SPECIAL STATUS FOR GROUP CLOSES FILE ON ANOTHER APPROVES 10 APPLICATIONS WHILE DEFERRING 15 OTHERS United Nations May 26 2009 Retrieved November 11 2010 Trinity Music City USA Trinity Broadcasting Network retrieved April 5 2009 Tennessee About Us Trinity Broadcasting Network Retrieved November 11 2010 Trinity Broadcasting Network sells its landmark Costa Mesa campus along the 405 freeway OCregister com March 6 2017 Retrieved August 21 2018 Trinity Broadcasting Network campus sale price revealed 18 25 million OCregister com April 12 2017 Retrieved August 21 2018 Scores lose jobs as Holy Land undergoes extreme makeover Orlando Sentinel Tribune Publishing October 21 2007 Archived from the original on October 28 2007 Retrieved September 17 2007 Home Holy Land Experience Retrieved November 11 2010 Luke 6 38 Bible cc Give and it will be given to you A large quantity pressed together shaken down and running over will be put into your lap because you will be evaluated by the same standard with which you evaluate others TBN s Promise Send Money and See Riches Los Angeles Times September 20 2004 TBN drops Kenneth Copeland from programming lineup amid upcoming changes The Christian Post August 19 2020 Televangelists Living Like Kings CBS News November 6 2007 Retrieved September 17 2007 Two Televangelists Making Reform The Christian Post July 9 2008 charitynavigator org Charity Navigator Trinity Broadcasting Network Ministry Watch Archived from the original on March 12 2012 30 Donor Alerts of 2011 PDF Ministry Watch Archived from the original PDF on March 6 2012 Trinity Broadcasting Network Philanthropy com dead link Paul Crouch Jr Joins The Word Network Christian Broadcasting Network November 10 2011 a b Erik Eckholm May 4 2012 Family Battle Offers Look Inside Lavish TV Ministry The New York Times Teri Sforza February 9 2013 Suit TBN board diverted millions from charitable assets Orange County Register OC Watchdog Ted Olsen September 1 2004 Former TBN Employee Alleges Gay Tryst With Paul Crouch Christianity Today Retrieved December 25 2006 TBN s Crouch Rebuts Sexual Harassment Story Multichannel News Bad faith blackmail and a troubled TV evangelist The Independent September 14 2004 Retrieved September 17 2007 dead link Lloyd Grove March 31 2005 Born again Evangelist sex scandal New York Daily News Suit alleges TBN covered up rape of 13 year old Orange County Register June 21 2012 Granddaughter of Paul and Jan Crouch Alleges Cover up of Rape by TBN Employee When She Was 13 Orange County Weekly June 25 2012 Archived from the original on June 25 2012 Stevens Matt June 7 2017 Jury Finds Televangelist Jan Crouch Shunned Granddaughter s Report of Rape The New York Times Retrieved September 26 2017 International Intelligence Briefing Hal Lindsey Oracle Archived from the original on December 11 2006 TBN Trinity Broadcasting Network Trinity Broadcasting Network TBN Welcomes Popular Christian Author Hal Lindsey with New Weekly Program TBN Networks January 22 2007 Archived from the original on March 15 2009 Pastors Answer Does Rick Warren Endorse Chrislam Christian Post JVI NEW RESPONSE PDF Trinity Broadcasting Network Jack Van Impe off TBN after criticizing two pastors The Detroit News June 21 2011 dead link a b Missionaries Face Death Criticism to Preach ABC News February 2 2009 External linksOfficial website Trinity Broadcasting Network on YouTube Income Statement from Charity Navigator Summary Report from Ministry Watch Modern Day Heroes of Faith an analysis of technology and religion on TBN Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Trinity Broadcasting Network amp oldid 1207740431, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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