United States Secretary of the Navy
The secretary of the Navy (SECNAV) is a statutory officer (10 U.S.C. § 8013) and the head (chief executive officer) of the Department of the Navy, a military department (component organization) within the United States Department of Defense.
| Secretary of the Navy | |
|---|---|
Seal of the Department of the Navy | |
Flag of the secretary | |
| Department of the Navy | |
| Style | Mister Secretary The Honorable (formally) |
| Abbreviation | SECNAV |
| Reports to | Secretary of Defense Deputy Secretary of Defense |
| Appointer | The President, with Senate advice and consent |
| Constituting instrument | 10 U.S.C. § 8013 |
| Formation | 18 June 1798 |
| First holder | Benjamin Stoddert |
| Succession | 3rd in SecDef succession |
| Deputy | The Under Secretary (Principal Civilian Deputy) Chief of Naval Operations (Navy Advisor and Deputy) The Commandant (Marine Corps Advisor and Deputy) |
| Salary | Executive Schedule, level II |
| Website | www |
By law, the secretary of the Navy must be a civilian at least five years removed from active military service. The secretary is appointed by the president and requires confirmation by the Senate.
The secretary of the Navy was, from its creation in 1798, a member of the president's Cabinet until 1949, when the secretary of the Navy (and the secretaries of the Army and Air Force) were by amendments to the National Security Act of 1947 made subordinate to the secretary of defense.[1]
On August 7, 2021, Carlos Del Toro was confirmed as secretary of the Navy.[2]
From 2001 to 2019, proposals to rename the Department of the Navy to the Department of the Navy and Marine Corps, which would have also renamed the secretary of the Navy to the secretary of the Navy and Marine Corps, were introduced with wide support in the United States Congress, but failed due to the opposition of Senator and former U.S. Navy officer John McCain.[3]
Responsibilities edit
The Department of the Navy (DoN) consists of two uniformed services: the United States Navy and the United States Marine Corps.[4] The secretary of the Navy is responsible for, and has statutory authority (10 U.S.C. § 8013) to "conduct all the affairs of the Department of the Navy", i.e. as its chief executive officer, subject to the limits of the law, and the directions of the president and the secretary of defense. In effect, all authority within the Navy and Marine Corps, unless specifically exempted by law, is derivative of the authority vested in the secretary of the Navy.
Specifically enumerated responsibilities of the SECNAV in the aforementioned section are: recruiting, organizing, supplying, equipping, training, mobilizing, and demobilizing. The secretary also oversees the construction, outfitting, and repair of naval ships, equipment, and facilities. SECNAV is responsible for the formulation and implementation of policies and programs that are consistent with the national security policies and objectives established by the president or the secretary of defense.[5][6]
The secretary of the Navy is a member of the Defense Acquisition Board (DAB), chaired by the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology and Logistics. Furthermore, the secretary has several statutory responsibilities under the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) with respect to the administration of the military justice system for the Navy & the Marine Corps, including the authority to convene general courts-martial and to commute sentences.
The principal military advisers to the SECNAV are the two service chiefs of the naval services: for matters regarding the Navy the chief of naval operations (CNO), and for matters regarding the Marine Corps the commandant of the Marine Corps (CMC). The CNO and the Commandant act as the principal executive agents of the SECNAV within their respective services to implement the orders of the secretary.
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The United States Navy Regulations is the principal regulatory document of the Department of the Navy, and all changes to it must be approved by the secretary of the Navy.
U.S. Coast Guard edit
Whenever the United States Coast Guard operates as a service within the Department of the Navy, the secretary of the Navy has the same powers and duties with respect to the Coast Guard as the secretary of homeland security when the Coast Guard is not operating as a service in the Department of the Navy.[7]
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The Office of the Secretary of the Navy, also known within DoD as the Navy Secretariat or simply just as the Secretariat in a DoN setting, is the immediate headquarters staff that supports the secretary in discharging his duties. The principal officials of the Secretariat include the under secretary of the Navy (the secretary's principal civilian deputy), the assistant secretaries of the Navy (ASN), the general counsel of the Navy, the judge advocate general of the Navy (JAG), the Naval inspector general (NIG), the chief of Legislative Affairs, and the chief of naval research. The Office of the Secretary of the Navy has sole responsibility within the Department of the Navy for acquisition, auditing, financial and information management, legislative affairs, and public affairs.[8]
Pursuant to SecNavInst 5090.5F, the Department of the Navy Environmental Programs Manual, the secretary of the Navy and chief of naval operations recognize a number of commands annually for achievements in such areas as environmental quality, environmental cleanup, natural resources conservation, cultural resources management, pollution prevention, and recycling.[9]
The chief of naval operations and the commandant of the Marine Corps have their own separate staffs, the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations (also known by its acronym OPNAV) and Headquarters Marine Corps.
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Continental Congress edit
| Position | Portrait | Name | Term of office |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chairman of the Marine Committee | John Adams | 13 October 1775 – 1779 | |
| Member of the Marine Committee | John Langdon | 13 October 1775–? | |
| Member of the Marine Committee | Silas Deane | 13 October 1775–? | |
| Member of the Marine Committee | Joseph Hewes | 1775[11] | |
| Continental Navy Board (under Marine Committee) | 6 November 1776 – 28 October 1779 | ||
| Chairman of the Continental Board of Admiralty | Francis Lewis | December 1779 – 1780 | |
| Secretary of Marine | Alexander McDougall | 7 February 1781 – 29 August 1781 | |
| Agent of Marine (devolved onto Superintendent of Finance) | Robert Morris | 29 August 1781 – 1784[12] |
(Post of Secretary of Marine created but remained vacant)
Executive Department, 1798–1949 edit
| No. | Portrait | Name | State | Term of office | Served under |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Benjamin Stoddert | Maryland | 18 June 1798 – 31 March 1801 | John Adams/Thomas Jefferson | |
| 2 | Robert Smith | Maryland | 27 July 1801 – 4 March 1809 | Thomas Jefferson | |
| 3 | Paul Hamilton | South Carolina | 15 May 1809 – 31 December 1812 | James Madison | |
| 4 | William Jones | Pennsylvania | 19 January 1813 – 1 December 1814 | ||
| 5 | Benjamin W. Crowninshield | Massachusetts | 16 January 1815 – 30 September 1818 | ||
| James Monroe | |||||
| 6 | Smith Thompson | New York | 1 January 1819 – 31 August 1823 | ||
| 7 | Samuel L. Southard | New Jersey | 16 September 1823 – 4 March 1829 | ||
| John Quincy Adams | |||||
| 8 | John Branch | North Carolina | 9 March 1829 – 12 May 1831 | Andrew Jackson | |
| 9 | Levi Woodbury | New Hampshire | 23 May 1831 – 30 June 1834 | ||
| 10 | Mahlon Dickerson | New Jersey | 1 July 1834 – 30 June 1838 | ||
| Martin Van Buren | |||||
| 11 | James K. Paulding | New York | 1 July 1838 – 4 March 1841 | ||
| 12 | George E. Badger | North Carolina | 6 March 1841 – 11 September 1841 | William Henry Harrison | |
| John Tyler | |||||
| 13 | Abel P. Upshur | Virginia | 11 October 1841 – 23 July 1843 | ||
| 14 | David Henshaw | Massachusetts | 24 July 1843 – 18 February 1844 | ||
| 15 | Thomas W. Gilmer | Virginia | 19 February 1844 – 28 February 1844 | ||
| 16 | John Y. Mason | Virginia | 26 March 1844 – 4 March 1845 | ||
| 17 | George Bancroft | Massachusetts | 11 March 1845 – 9 September 1846 | James K. Polk | |
| 18 | John Y. Mason | Virginia | 10 September 1846 – 4 March 1849 | ||
| 19 | William B. Preston | Virginia | 8 March 1849 – 22 July 1850 | Zachary Taylor | |
| 20 | William A. Graham | North Carolina | 2 August 1850 – 25 July 1852 | Millard Fillmore | |
| 21 | John P. Kennedy | Maryland | 26 July 1852 – 4 March 1853 | ||
| 22 | James C. Dobbin | North Carolina | 8 March 1853 – 4 March 1857 | Franklin Pierce | |
| 23 | Isaac Toucey | Connecticut | 7 March 1857 – 4 March 1861 | James Buchanan | |
| 24 | Gideon Welles | Connecticut | 7 March 1861 – 4 March 1869 | Abraham Lincoln | |
| Andrew Johnson | |||||
| 25 | Adolph E. Borie | Pennsylvania | 9 March 1869 – 25 June 1869 | Ulysses S. Grant | |
| 26 | George M. Robeson | New Jersey | 26 June 1869 – 4 March 1877 | ||
| (acting) | William Faxon | 4 March 1877 – 13 March 1877 | Rutherford B. Hayes | ||
| 27 | Richard W. Thompson | Indiana | 13 March 1877 – 20 December 1880 | ||
| 28 | Nathan Goff Jr. | West Virginia | 7 January 1881 – 4 March 1881 | ||
| 29 | William H. Hunt | Louisiana | 7 March 1881 – 16 April 1882 | James A. Garfield | |
| Chester A. Arthur | |||||
| 30 | William E. Chandler | New Hampshire | 16 April 1882 – 4 March 1885 | ||
| 31 | William C. Whitney | New York | 7 March 1885 – 4 March 1889 | Grover Cleveland | |
| 32 | Benjamin F. Tracy | New York | 6 March 1889 – 4 March 1893 | Benjamin Harrison | |
| 33 | Hilary A. Herbert | Alabama | 7 March 1893 – 4 March 1897 | Grover Cleveland | |
| 34 | John Davis Long | Massachusetts | 6 March 1897 – 30 April 1902 | William McKinley | |
| Theodore Roosevelt | |||||
| 35 | William H. Moody | Massachusetts | 1 May 1902 – 30 June 1904 | ||
| 36 | Paul Morton | Illinois | 1 July 1904 – 30 June 1905 | ||
| 37 | Charles J. Bonaparte | Maryland | 1 July 1905 – 16 December 1906 | ||
| 38 | Victor H. Metcalf | California | 17 December 1906 – 30 November 1908 | ||
| 39 | Truman Handy Newberry | Michigan | 1 December 1908 – 4 March 1909 | ||
| 40 | George von Lengerke Meyer | Massachusetts | 6 March 1909 – 4 March 1913 | William Howard Taft | |
| 41 | Josephus Daniels | North Carolina | 5 March 1913 – 4 March 1921 | Woodrow Wilson | |
| 42 | Edwin Denby | Michigan | 6 March 1921 – 10 March 1924 | Warren G. Harding | |
| Calvin Coolidge | |||||
| (acting) | Theodore Roosevelt Jr. | 10 March 1924 – 19 March 1924 | |||
| 43 | Curtis D. Wilbur | California | 19 March 1924 – 4 March 1929 | ||
| 44 | Charles Francis Adams III | Massachusetts | 5 March 1929 – 4 March 1933 | Herbert Hoover | |
| 45 | Claude A. Swanson | Virginia | 4 March 1933 – 7 July 1939 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | |
| 46 | Charles Edison | New Jersey | 7 July 1939 – 2 January 1940 | ||
| 2 January 1940 – 24 June 1940 | |||||
| (acting) | Lewis Compton | 24 June 1940 – 11 July 1940 | |||
| 47 | Frank Knox | Illinois | 11 July 1940 – 28 April 1944 | ||
| (acting) | Ralph Austin Bard | 28 April 1944 – 19 May 1944 | |||
| 48 | James Forrestal | New York | 19 May 1944 – 17 September 1947 | ||
| Franklin D. Roosevelt | |||||
| Harry S. Truman | |||||
| 49 | John L. Sullivan | New Hampshire | 18 September 1947 – 24 May 1949 | ||
| 50 | Francis P. Matthews | Nebraska | 25 May 1949 – 10 August 1949 |
Military Department (Department of Defense), 1949–present edit
| No. | Portrait | Name | Term of office | Served under | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Began | Ended | Days of service | Secretary | President | |||
| 50 | Francis P. Matthews | 10 August 1949 | 31 July 1951 | 797 | Louis A. Johnson George C. Marshall | Harry S. Truman | |
| 51 | Dan A. Kimball | 31 July 1951 | 20 January 1953 | 539 | George C. Marshall Robert A. Lovett | ||
| 52 | Robert B. Anderson | 4 February 1953 | 3 March 1954 | 392 | Charles E. Wilson | Dwight D. Eisenhower | |
| 53 | Charles Thomas | 3 May 1954 | 1 April 1957 | 1064 | |||
| 54 | Thomas S. Gates Jr. | 1 April 1957 | 8 June 1959 | 798 | Charles E. Wilson Neil H. McElroy | ||
| 55 | William B. Franke | 8 June 1959 | 19 January 1961 | 591 | Neil H. McElroy Thomas S. Gates, Jr. | ||
| 56 | John Connally | 25 January 1961 | 20 December 1961 | 329 | Robert McNamara | John F. Kennedy | |
| 57 | Fred Korth | 4 January 1962 | 1 November 1963 | 666 | |||
| (acting) | Paul B. Fay | 2 November 1963 | 28 November 1963 | 26 | John F. Kennedy Lyndon B. Johnson | ||
| 58 | Paul Nitze | 29 November 1963 | 30 June 1967 | 1309 | Lyndon B. Johnson | ||
| (acting) | Charles F. Baird | 1 July 1967 | 31 August 1967 | 61 | |||
| 59 | Paul Ignatius | 1 September 1967 | 24 January 1969 | 511 | Robert McNamara Clark Clifford Melvin Laird | Lyndon B. Johnson Richard Nixon | |
| 60 | John Chafee | 31 January 1969 | 4 May 1972 | 1189 | Melvin Laird | Richard Nixon | |
| 61 | John Warner | 4 May 1972 | 8 April 1974 | 704 | Melvin Laird Elliot Richardson James R. Schlesinger | ||
| 62 | J. William Middendorf | 8 April 1974 | 20 January 1977 | 1018 | James R. Schlesinger Donald Rumsfeld | Richard Nixon Gerald Ford | |
| 63 | W. Graham Claytor Jr. | 14 February 1977 | 24 August 1979 | 921 | Harold Brown | Jimmy Carter | |
| 64 | Edward Hidalgo | 24 October 1979 | 20 January 1981 | 454 | |||
| 65 | John Lehman | 5 February 1981 | 10 April 1987 | 2255 | Caspar Weinberger | Ronald Reagan | |
| 66 | Jim Webb | 1 May 1987 | 23 February 1988 | 298 | Caspar Weinberger Frank Carlucci | ||
| 67 | William L. Ball | 28 March 1988 | 15 May 1989 | 413 | Frank Carlucci Richard B. Cheney | Ronald Reagan George H. W. Bush | |
| 68 | Henry L. Garrett III | 15 May 1989 | 26 June 1992 | 1138 | Richard B. Cheney | George H. W. Bush | |
| (acting) | Daniel Howard | 26 June 1992 | 7 July 1992 | 11 | |||
| 69 | Sean O'Keefe | 7 July 1992 | 2 October 1992 | 87 | |||
| 2 October 1992 | 20 January 1993 | 110 | |||||
| (acting) | Admiral Frank B. Kelso II | 20 January 1993 | 21 July 1993 | 182 | Les Aspin | Bill Clinton | |
| 70 | John H. Dalton | 22 July 1993 | 16 November 1998 | 1943 | Les Aspin William J. Perry William Cohen | ||
| 71 | Richard Danzig | 16 November 1998 | 20 January 2001 | 796 | William Cohen | ||
| (acting) | Robert B. Pirie Jr. | 20 January 2001 | 24 May 2001 | 124 | Donald Rumsfeld | George W. Bush | |
| 72 | Gordon R. England | 24 May 2001 | 30 January 2003 | 616 | |||
| (acting) | Susan Livingstone | 30 January 2003 | 7 February 2003 | 8 | |||
| (acting) | Hansford T. Johnson | 7 February 2003 | 30 September 2003 | 235 | |||
| 73 | Gordon R. England | 1 October 2003 | 29 December 2005[13] | 820 | |||
| (acting) | Dionel M. Aviles | 29 December 2005[13] | 3 January 2006[13] | 5 | |||
| 74 | Donald C. Winter | 3 January 2006[13] | 13 March 2009[14] | 1165 | Donald Rumsfeld Robert Gates | George W. Bush Barack Obama | |
| (acting) | B. J. Penn | 13 March 2009[14] | 19 May 2009[15] | 67 | Robert Gates | Barack Obama | |
| 75 | Ray Mabus | 19 May 2009[14] | 20 January 2017 | 2803 | Robert Gates Leon Panetta Chuck Hagel Ash Carter | ||
| (acting) | Sean Stackley | 20 January 2017 | 3 August 2017 | 195 | Jim Mattis | Donald Trump | |
| 76 | Richard V. Spencer | 3 August 2017 | 15 July 2019 | 711 | Jim Mattis Patrick M. Shanahan (Acting) Mark Esper (Acting) | ||
| (acting) | Thomas Modly | 15 July 2019 | 31 July 2019 | 16 | Richard V. Spencer (Acting) Mark Esper | ||
| 76 | Richard V. Spencer | 31 July 2019 | 24 November 2019 | 116 | Mark Esper | ||
| (acting) | Thomas Modly | 24 November 2019 | 7 April 2020 | 135 | |||
| (acting) | James E. McPherson | 7 April 2020 | 29 May 2020 | 52 | |||
| 77 | Kenneth Braithwaite | 29 May 2020[16] | 20 January 2021 | 236 | |||
| (acting) | Thomas Harker | 20 January 2021 | 9 August 2021 | 201 | David Norquist (Acting) Lloyd Austin | Joe Biden | |
| 78 | Carlos Del Toro | 9 August 2021 | Incumbent | 917 | Lloyd Austin | ||
See also edit
References edit
- ^ "Guide to Federal Records – General Records of the Department of the Navy, 1798–1947". from the original on 17 September 2017. Retrieved 23 September 2007.
- ^ Quinn, Melissa; Segers, Grace (20 January 2021). "Who is leading federal agencies until Senate confirms Biden's nominees". CBS News. from the original on 21 January 2021. Retrieved 20 January 2021.
- ^ "Congressman: I'll 'keep fighting like a bulldog' to rename the Navy Department for Marines". Marine Corps Times. 2 May 2016. from the original on 13 February 2022. Retrieved 16 March 2022.
- ^ "The US Navy". from the original on 17 February 2012. Retrieved 23 September 2007.
- ^ "10 U.S. Code § 8013 – Secretary of the Navy". from the original on 28 October 2022. Retrieved 13 December 2022.
- ^ "U.S. Navy Biographies – The Honorable Donald C. Winter". from the original on 12 September 2007. Retrieved 23 September 2007.
- ^ "10 U.S. Code § 8013a – Secretary of the Navy: powers with respect to Coast Guard". from the original on 13 December 2022. Retrieved 13 December 2022.
- ^ "10 U.S. Code § 8014 – Office of the Secretary of the Navy". from the original on 13 December 2022. Retrieved 13 December 2022.
- ^ (PDF). Archived from the original on 1 April 2003. Retrieved 4 December 2022.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ^ . Archived from the original on 24 July 2007. Retrieved 23 September 2007.
- ^ Joseph Hewes 10 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine. Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. Naval Historical and Heritage Command.
- ^ Benson J. Lossing. Household History for All Readers 30 June 2016 at the Wayback Machine. 1877. Republished in Our Country vol. 2
- ^ a b c d Staff reporter (29 December 2005). "Acting Deputy Defense Secretary Relinquishes Top Navy Post". American Forces Press Service. from the original on 27 May 2009. Retrieved 18 May 2009.
Navy Undersecretary Dionel M. Aviles will serve as acting Navy secretary effective today. Donald Winter, who was confirmed by the Senate last month, will be sworn in as the 74th secretary of the Navy on Jan. 3.
- ^ a b c "Navy Secretary Departs Office" (Press release). United States Department of Defense. 13 March 2009. from the original on 9 May 2009. Retrieved 18 May 2009.
The 74th Secretary of the Navy, Donald C. Winter, resigned his office today as planned. Winter had agreed to remain in office until March 13, 2009, to ease the transition of the Department of Defense. [...] BJ Penn will be the acting Secretary of the Navy until the Senate confirms a nominee chosen by President Barack Obama.
- ^ Staff reporter (19 May 2005). "Mabus Sworn in as New Navy Secretary". NNS. from the original on 27 May 2009. Retrieved 20 May 2009.
Ray Mabus, former Mississippi governor and U.S. ambassador to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, was sworn in May 19 as the 75th secretary of the Navy.
(Archived by WebCite at ) - ^ "Kenneth Braithwaite Sworn in as Secretary of the Navy". USNI News. 29 May 2020. from the original on 3 June 2020. Retrieved 30 May 2020.
External links edit
- Official website