This article is about the Austroasiatic language of India. For the Tibeto-Burman language also known as Ho of China, Vietnam and Laos, see Hani language.
Around half of all Ho speakers are from West Singhbhum district of Jharkhand, where they form the majority community. Ho speakers are also found in East Singhbhum district in southern Jharkhand and in northern Odisha. Ho is closer to the Mayurbhanj dialect of Mundari than the language spoken in Jharkhand. Ho and Mundari are ethnically and linguistically close but the regional identity of the speakers is distinct. Some researchers and scholars state that Ho and Mundari are two sister languages.[7][8]
The lexicon of the language reflects close association with nature and living proximity with birds and beasts which is typical for tribal languages.[10][11]
The Roman, Devanagari and Warang Citi scripts have been used in the field of teaching and learning. In 1953, the department of Education, Government of Bihar set out instructions to all the Divisional Inspectors of schools.[12] The government maintained that 'the pupil-teachers whose mother tongue is other than Hindi should be given the option of maintaining their records in their mother tongue. In every junior Training School besides Hindi, a second mother-tongue as accepted in Government resolution no.645ER of 10 August 1953 should be invariably taught.' The plan has been to provide education in their mother tongue at the primary level.
Since 1976, the Ho language is being imparted at intermediate and graduate courses in different colleges under the Ranchi University. The university opened a separate department named Tribal and Regional Languages in 1981.[13]
In erstwhile Bihar, the Information and Mass Communication department regularly published Ho articles, folk stories, songs in devanagari script in a weekly named Adivasi Saptahik. The Tribal Research Institute conducted a Study of Ho Dialect.[citation needed]
There are significant initiatives inculcated in development of Ho language. A pioneering work was started at Ete Turtung Akhara, Jhinkapani to study and develop the Ho language under the leadership of late Lako Bodra with the help of Adi Sanskriti evam Vigyan Sansthan. The institute published a book in 1963 entitled Ho Hayam Paham Puti in the Barang Chiti lipi script and introduced the letters of Barang Chiti, Kakahara.[14]
Sindhu Surin reworked and propagated Owar Ankawa- a reformed script of barang chiti. This has been popularized and disseminated by the institution called Sindhu Jumur.[citation needed]
A. Pathak and N.K. Verma tried to compare the Warang Citi lipi with the script of Indus valley in their book the Echoes of Indus valley.[15] Sudhanshu Kumar Ray in his 'Indus Script' described that the script Barang Chiti resembles the script of Indus that was discovered by Ashok Pagal and Bulu Imam in the caves of Aswara hill near Baraka village.[16]
Xavier Ho Publication, Lupungutu has been publishing a series of books in Devanagri script. Fr. John Deeney wrote Ho Grammar and Vocabulary in 1975.[17]
4. Change of Status/Course due to important event like linguistic states reorganization: In post-independence era by state reorganization, Ho speaking region bifurcated and demography scattered into Bihar, Orissa and West Bengal. Post independence state reorganization, therefore, was of little help in the development of Ho language.[18]
A new state Jharkhand came into existence in November 2000. In its effort the state government has recently recommended Ho language to be included in the eighth schedule of the Constitution. There is hope in the initiative taken by the government as regard to the development of the Ho language in future.[19]
Rising significance of Ho language and UGC-NETEdit
The University Grants Commission of India has already recognized Ho as a language and literature. Now, UGC is conducting National Eligibility Test examination in Ho language under the "'subject code 70"' in Tribal and Regional Language/Literature group.[20] In Odisha and Jharkhand, Education in Ho at the primary level was introduced in 20 and 449 schools respectively and about 44,502 tribal students are pursuing their studies in the language.[3][21]
Besides education, Ho has also got its due recognition in the world of mass media. For the last few years, All India Radio (AIR) has been airing songs in Ho from the AIR centres in Keonjhar, Rourkela and Cuttack besides Baripada in Mayurbhanj district of Odisha state. Regular programs in Ho are broadcast from Chaibasa and Jamshedpur AIR centres in Jharkhand. Similarly, from Ranchi AIR centre in Jharkhand, regional news bulletins are broadcast two days a week Friday and Sunday.[3]
Demand for inclusion in the Eighth Schedule to the ConstitutionEdit
Odisha government and Jharkhand government has been continuously making demands of HO language for inclusion in Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of India.[22] Ho peoples are also making continuous efforts to fulfill their demands as to be included in 8th scheduled.[23] BJP Rajya Sabha MP and Union petroleum and steel minister Dharmendra Pradhan has also submitted a memorandum demanding that the government of India to include Ho in the Constitution to give it an official status .The same request has also been made by the Department of personnel, Jharkhand.[24] Former Home minister Rajnath singh also assured for Ho language to be included in 8th scheduled of constitution and Minister Rajnath Singh assured to take appropriates steps to fulfil the demand, said union minister Dharmendra Pradhan.[25]
Employment opportunities in Ho languagesEdit
The students who are enrolling in Ho language which has been provided by Ranchi University, Ranchi and Kolhan university, Chaibasa are getting jobs in archaeological centres and works as translator. After passing class XII, the students can pursue UG Course in Ho language in Ranchi university, Ranchi.[26] Similarly, Odisha government has also been providing education to Ho tribal students in Ho language called as Multi-lingual education system and the tribal youths are getting jobs as teacher in Ho language and earning good salaries for multilingual education of odisha.[23]
This section is in list format but may read better as prose. You can help by converting this section, if appropriate. Editing help is available.(June 2018)
Ho folk literature's collection of folk songs by Sharatchandra Rai, Dr. D.N. Majumdar, B. Sukumar, Haldhaar, Kanhuram Devgum etc. (1915–26).
Sengail (Poems), Satish Rumul (Poems), Ho Chapakarh Kahin, Satish Chandra Sanhita, and Chaas Raiy Takh by Satish Kumar Koda.
Dishum Rumul Mage Durudh by Shivcharan Birua.
Adivasi Sivil Durang, Adivasi Deyoan, Adivasi Muni and Urri Keda Kova Red-Ranu by Durga Purti.
Bonga Buru Ko (Ho Religion), Horoh Hoan Ko, Maradh Bonga, and Gosain-Devgum Mage Poraab (on Maage Parv) by Pradhan Gagrai.
Warangchity (on Ho Lipi), Pompo, Shaar Hora 1-7(Play), Raghuvansh (Play),Kol ruul(Hindi and Ho(warangchity),Homoyom pitika, Hora-Bara, Ho Hayam paam puti,Halang halpung,Ela ol itu ute, Jiboan * * Gumpai Durang,Baa buru Bonga buru and Bonga Singirai (Novel) by Ot Guru Kol Lako Bodra.
Ho Kudih (Novel) by Dumbi Ho.
Ho Kudih (Novel) and Adhunik Ho Shishth Kawya by Prof. Janum Singh Soy.
Jaira Jeebon Dastur, Durrn Dudugar, and Ho Bhasha Shastra Ayun Vyakaran by Prof. Balram Paat Pingua.
Ho Dishum Ho Hoon Ko by Dhanusingh Purti.
Eitaa Bataa Nalaa Basaa, Joaur, Parem Sanadh (Poems), Sarjom Ba Taral, etc. By Kamal Lochan Kohaar.
Ho Lokkatha by Dr. Aditya Prasad Sinha.
Magazines like Johar, Turturd, Ottoroad, and Sarnaphool also have Ho language articles.
HO Language Digital Journal "Diyang"
Ho Language monthly journal"Dostur Korang"by Kairasingh Bandiya
HO Kaboy (Poem) poti "Tangi Meyanj Sorogo Kore" by Ghanshyam Bodra
Ho language song"Dureng Dala"by Dibakar Soy
Ho language learning books "Ol initu" and "Mage Porob"by Kairasingh Bandiya"
Ho hayam sibil dureng(Ho and Hindi) by Doboro Buliuli
Ho Grammar and Vocabulary, Ho-English Dictionary, and Ho Sahitya Sarjan by Father John J. Deeney S.J.
Deeney, J. J. (1991). Introduction to the Ho language: [learn Ho quickly and well]. Chaibasa: Xavier Ho Publications.
Burrows, L. (1915). Ho grammar: with vocabulary.
Deeney, J. J. (1975). Ho grammar and vocabulary. Chaibasa: Xavier Ho Publications.
Deogam, Chandrabhusan, "Larka Ho", by Chandrabhusan Deogam.
Uxbond, F.A., "Munda-Magyar-Maori". by F.A.Uxbond.london lUZAC & CO. 46, GREAT RUSSELL STREET.(1928).
Deeney, J. J. (1978). Ho-English Dictionary. Chaibasa: Xavier Ho Publications.
Anderson, Gregory D. S., Toshiki Osada and K. David Harrison. Ho and the other Kherwarian Languages In Gregory Anderson (ed.) Munda Languages. (2008). Routledge. ISBN978-0-415-32890-6
Perumalsamy P (2021) "Ho language" in Linguistic Survey of India: Jharkhand Volume, Language Division, Office of the Registrar General India: New Delhi pp: 339 – 431.
^"Statement 1: Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues – 2011". www.censusindia.gov.in. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
^"Scripts of Ho". Scriptsource.org. Retrieved 26 August 2021.
^ abc"High hopes for Ho | Bhubaneswar News - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
^"Tribals seek official tag for Ho language - OrissaPOST". 27 October 2018. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
^"The Warang Chiti Alphabet". Swarthmore.edu. Retrieved 19 March 2015.
^K David Harrison; Gregory Anderson. "Review of Proposal for Encoding Warang Chiti (Hoorthography) in Unicode" (PDF). Retrieved 19 March 2015.
^ ab(PDF). Livingtongues.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 March 2016. Retrieved 19 March 2015.
^Anderson, Gregory S., ed. (2008). The Munda languages (1. publ. ed.). London: Routledge. ISBN978-0-415-32890-6.
^Pucilowski, Anna (2013). Topics in Ho morphophonology and morphosyntax. University of Oregon.
^Purty, Dhanursingh, "Ho-Dishum Ho Honko" seven volumes.(1982) Xavier Ho Publications
^"The Ho language webpage by K. David Harrison, Swarthmore College". Swarthmore.edu. Retrieved 26 August 2021.
^Department of Education, Government of Bihar,1953
^University Department Of Tribal And Regional Language, Ranchi University, Jharkhand
^Anderson, Gregory D. S., Toshiki Osada and K. David Harrison. "Ho and the other Kherwarian Languages" In Gregory Anderson (ed.) Munda Languages. (2008). Routledge. ISBN978-0-415-32890-6
^Study of Ho Dialect by Tribal Research Institute, Jharkhand
^"Tribal and Regional Language - Literature Syllabus UGC NET 2019-2020". UGC NET Exam. 26 October 2010. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
^"Jharkhand school books to go local". 16 January 2016. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
^"Tribal communities in Odisha are speaking up to save their dialects - The Hindu".
^ ab"Pradhan for inclusion of 'Ho' in 8th Schedule - OrissaPOST". 6 December 2018. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
^"Include Ho language in 8th Schedule: BJP MP". Press Trust of India. 22 August 2013. Retrieved 16 December 2019 – via Business Standard.
^Pioneer, The. "Rajnath assures for Ho inclusion in 8th Schedule". The Pioneer. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
^"Courses in Tribal and regional language most sought at Ranchi University - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
^"Ranchi University's TRL to have nine departments for tribal languages". India Today. 7 October 2013. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
^"HO LANGUAGE EDUCATION COUNCIL ODISHA". holanguageodishaedu.in. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
^ abcdefghijklmnopqr"HO LANGUAGE EDUCATION COUNCIL ODISHA". holanguageodishaedu.in. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
External linksEdit
Ho language test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator
The Ho language webpage by K. David Harrison, Swarthmore College
RWAAI | RWAAI, Lunds universitet RWAAI (Repository and Workspace for Austroasiatic Intangible Heritage)
"Ho language". Lund University Humanities Lab Archive. hdl:10050/00-0000-0000-0003-A6AC-8. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
"Ho language" (PDF). lsi.gov.in. Retrieved 20 October 2021 – via Linguistic survey of India.
September 27, 2023
language, this, article, about, austroasiatic, language, india, tibeto, burman, language, also, known, china, vietnam, laos, hani, language, hoː, ʤɐgɐr, warang, citi, 𑢹𑣉𑣉, 𑣎𑣋𑣜, munda, language, austroasiatic, language, family, spoken, primarily, india, about, . This article is about the Austroasiatic language of India For the Tibeto Burman language also known as Ho of China Vietnam and Laos see Hani language Ho IPA hoː ʤɐgɐr Warang Citi 𑢹𑣉𑣉 𑣎𑣋𑣜 is a Munda language of the Austroasiatic language family spoken primarily in India by about 2 2 million people 0 202 of India s population per the 2001 census Ho is a tribal language 3 It is spoken by the Ho Munda Kolha and Kol tribal communities of Odisha 4 Jharkhand Bihar Chhattisgarh West Bengal Assam and is written with the Warang Citi script Devanagari Latin script Odia script and Telugu script are sometimes used 5 although native speakers are said to prefer a Ho script 6 The latter script was invented by Ott Guru Kol Lako Bodra Ho𑢹𑣉𑣉 𑣎𑣋𑣜 ह ज ग र ହ ଜ ଗ ର হ জ গ র hōō jagar written in Warang CitiPronunciation hoː ʤɐgɐr Native toIndiaEthnicityHo peopleNative speakers2 2 Million 2011 census 1 Language familyAustroasiatic MundaNorthKherwarianMundaricHoWriting systemOfficial Warang Chiti Secondary Devanagari Latin script Odia script Telugu script 2 Official statusOfficial language in India Jharkhand additional Language codesISO 639 3 a href https iso639 3 sil org code hoc class extiw title iso639 3 hoc hoc a Glottologhooo1248This article contains IPA phonetic symbols Without proper rendering support you may see question marks boxes or other symbols instead of Unicode characters For an introductory guide on IPA symbols see Help IPA This article contains Warang Citi characters Without proper rendering support you may see question marks boxes or other symbols instead of Warang Citi The name Ho is derived from the native word 𑣙𑣉𑣉 which means Human being 7 Contents 1 Distribution 2 Phonology 2 1 Consonants 2 2 Vowels 3 Stages of development 4 Rising significance of Ho language and UGC NET 5 Demand for inclusion in the Eighth Schedule to the Constitution 6 Employment opportunities in Ho languages 7 Institutes and universities for Ho language 7 1 Universities 7 2 Colleges 7 3 Institutes and schools 8 Ho folk literature 9 Further reading 10 See also 11 References 12 External linksDistribution EditAround half of all Ho speakers are from West Singhbhum district of Jharkhand where they form the majority community Ho speakers are also found in East Singhbhum district in southern Jharkhand and in northern Odisha Ho is closer to the Mayurbhanj dialect of Mundari than the language spoken in Jharkhand Ho and Mundari are ethnically and linguistically close but the regional identity of the speakers is distinct Some researchers and scholars state that Ho and Mundari are two sister languages 7 8 Phonology EditConsonants Edit Labial Dental Alveolar Retroflex Palatal Velar GlottalNasal m n ɳ ɲ ŋStop voiceless p t ʈ c k ʔvoiced b d ɖ ɟ ɡFricative s hApproximant w l jTap ɾ ɽ b ɖ can be heard as preglottalized ˀb ˀɖ when in word final position b can be heard as a fricative b in intervocalic positions ɳ has a limited phonemic distribution and is typically a realization of n before retroflex sounds 9 Vowels Edit Oral vowels Front Central BackClose i iː u uːMid e eː o oːOpen a aːNasal vowels Front Central BackClose ĩ ũMid ẽ oOpen aStages of development EditThe lexicon of the language reflects close association with nature and living proximity with birds and beasts which is typical for tribal languages 10 11 The Roman Devanagari and Warang Citi scripts have been used in the field of teaching and learning In 1953 the department of Education Government of Bihar set out instructions to all the Divisional Inspectors of schools 12 The government maintained that the pupil teachers whose mother tongue is other than Hindi should be given the option of maintaining their records in their mother tongue In every junior Training School besides Hindi a second mother tongue as accepted in Government resolution no 645ER of 10 August 1953 should be invariably taught The plan has been to provide education in their mother tongue at the primary level Since 1976 the Ho language is being imparted at intermediate and graduate courses in different colleges under the Ranchi University The university opened a separate department named Tribal and Regional Languages in 1981 13 In erstwhile Bihar the Information and Mass Communication department regularly published Ho articles folk stories songs in devanagari script in a weekly named Adivasi Saptahik The Tribal Research Institute conducted a Study of Ho Dialect citation needed There are significant initiatives inculcated in development of Ho language A pioneering work was started at Ete Turtung Akhara Jhinkapani to study and develop the Ho language under the leadership of late Lako Bodra with the help of Adi Sanskriti evam Vigyan Sansthan The institute published a book in 1963 entitled Ho Hayam Paham Puti in the Barang Chiti lipi script and introduced the letters of Barang Chiti Kakahara 14 Sindhu Surin reworked and propagated Owar Ankawa a reformed script of barang chiti This has been popularized and disseminated by the institution called Sindhu Jumur citation needed A Pathak and N K Verma tried to compare the Warang Citi lipi with the script of Indus valley in their book the Echoes of Indus valley 15 Sudhanshu Kumar Ray in his Indus Script described that the script Barang Chiti resembles the script of Indus that was discovered by Ashok Pagal and Bulu Imam in the caves of Aswara hill near Baraka village 16 Xavier Ho Publication Lupungutu has been publishing a series of books in Devanagri script Fr John Deeney wrote Ho Grammar and Vocabulary in 1975 17 4 Change of Status Course due to important event like linguistic states reorganization In post independence era by state reorganization Ho speaking region bifurcated and demography scattered into Bihar Orissa and West Bengal Post independence state reorganization therefore was of little help in the development of Ho language 18 A new state Jharkhand came into existence in November 2000 In its effort the state government has recently recommended Ho language to be included in the eighth schedule of the Constitution There is hope in the initiative taken by the government as regard to the development of the Ho language in future 19 Rising significance of Ho language and UGC NET EditThe University Grants Commission of India has already recognized Ho as a language and literature Now UGC is conducting National Eligibility Test examination in Ho language under the subject code 70 in Tribal and Regional Language Literature group 20 In Odisha and Jharkhand Education in Ho at the primary level was introduced in 20 and 449 schools respectively and about 44 502 tribal students are pursuing their studies in the language 3 21 Besides education Ho has also got its due recognition in the world of mass media For the last few years All India Radio AIR has been airing songs in Ho from the AIR centres in Keonjhar Rourkela and Cuttack besides Baripada in Mayurbhanj district of Odisha state Regular programs in Ho are broadcast from Chaibasa and Jamshedpur AIR centres in Jharkhand Similarly from Ranchi AIR centre in Jharkhand regional news bulletins are broadcast two days a week Friday and Sunday 3 Demand for inclusion in the Eighth Schedule to the Constitution EditOdisha government and Jharkhand government has been continuously making demands of HO language for inclusion in Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of India 22 Ho peoples are also making continuous efforts to fulfill their demands as to be included in 8th scheduled 23 BJP Rajya Sabha MP and Union petroleum and steel minister Dharmendra Pradhan has also submitted a memorandum demanding that the government of India to include Ho in the Constitution to give it an official status The same request has also been made by the Department of personnel Jharkhand 24 Former Home minister Rajnath singh also assured for Ho language to be included in 8th scheduled of constitution and Minister Rajnath Singh assured to take appropriates steps to fulfil the demand said union minister Dharmendra Pradhan 25 Employment opportunities in Ho languages EditThe students who are enrolling in Ho language which has been provided by Ranchi University Ranchi and Kolhan university Chaibasa are getting jobs in archaeological centres and works as translator After passing class XII the students can pursue UG Course in Ho language in Ranchi university Ranchi 26 Similarly Odisha government has also been providing education to Ho tribal students in Ho language called as Multi lingual education system and the tribal youths are getting jobs as teacher in Ho language and earning good salaries for multilingual education of odisha 23 Institutes and universities for Ho language EditUniversities Edit Ranchi University Ranchi Jharkhand 27 Kolhan University Chaibasa Jharkhand 28 Colleges Edit Ho Language Education Council Thakurmunda Mayurbhanj Odisha 29 Ho Language 2 Junior College Thakurmunda Mayurbhanj Odisha 30 Institutes and schools Edit Kolguru Lako Bodra Ho Language High school Birbasa Bhubaneswar Odisha 30 Banajyoti Bahubhasi Vidya Mandir Purunapai Deogorh Odisha 30 Veer Birsa Warangchity Mondo Rairangpur Mayurbhanj Odisha 30 Birsa Munda Ho Language High school Jamunalia Keonjhar Odisha 30 Padmashree Tulasi Munda Ho Language High School Machhgorh Keonjhar Odisha 30 Kol guru Lako Bodra Ho Language High School Dobati Balasore Odisha 30 Birsa Munda Ho Language High School Nuagaon Mayurbhanj Odisha 30 Atteh Turtung Rumtulay mondo singda Mayurbhanj Odisha 30 Bankipirh Marshal Mondo Bankidihi Mayurbhanj Odisha 30 Similipal Baa bagan mondo Thakurmapatna Mayurbhanj Odisha 30 Kolguru Lako Bodra Ho Language High School Gokul Chandra pur Mayurbhanj Odisha 30 Birsa Munda Ho Language High School Hadagutu Mayurbhanj Odisha 30 Kolhan High School Satakosia Mayurbhanj Odisha 30 Guru Lako Bodra Ho Language High School Thakurmunda Mayurbhanj Odisha 30 Ho Hayam Seyannoh Moond Madkamhatu Mayurbhanj Odisha 30 Sitadevi Warangchity Moond Khunta Mayurbhanj Odisha 30 P C Haibru Warangchity School Kadadiha Mayurbhanj Odisha 30 Ho folk literature EditThis section is in list format but may read better as prose You can help by converting this section if appropriate Editing help is available June 2018 Ho folk literature s collection of folk songs by Sharatchandra Rai Dr D N Majumdar B Sukumar Haldhaar Kanhuram Devgum etc 1915 26 Tuturd Sayan Marsal by Dr S K Tiyu The Affairs of a Tribe by Dr D N Majumdaar Aandi and Sarjom Ba Dumba by Jaidev Das Ho Durang by W G Archer Folklore of Kolhaan by C H Bompaas Sengail Poems Satish Rumul Poems Ho Chapakarh Kahin Satish Chandra Sanhita and Chaas Raiy Takh by Satish Kumar Koda Dishum Rumul Mage Durudh by Shivcharan Birua Adivasi Sivil Durang Adivasi Deyoan Adivasi Muni and Urri Keda Kova Red Ranu by Durga Purti Bonga Buru Ko Ho Religion Horoh Hoan Ko Maradh Bonga and Gosain Devgum Mage Poraab on Maage Parv by Pradhan Gagrai Warangchity on Ho Lipi Pompo Shaar Hora 1 7 Play Raghuvansh Play Kol ruul Hindi and Ho warangchity Homoyom pitika Hora Bara Ho Hayam paam puti Halang halpung Ela ol itu ute Jiboan Gumpai Durang Baa buru Bonga buru and Bonga Singirai Novel by Ot Guru Kol Lako Bodra Ho Kudih Novel by Dumbi Ho Ho Kudih Novel and Adhunik Ho Shishth Kawya by Prof Janum Singh Soy Jaira Jeebon Dastur Durrn Dudugar and Ho Bhasha Shastra Ayun Vyakaran by Prof Balram Paat Pingua Ho Dishum Ho Hoon Ko by Dhanusingh Purti Eitaa Bataa Nalaa Basaa Joaur Parem Sanadh Poems Sarjom Ba Taral etc By Kamal Lochan Kohaar Ho Lokkatha by Dr Aditya Prasad Sinha Magazines like Johar Turturd Ottoroad and Sarnaphool also have Ho language articles HO Language Digital Journal Diyang Ho Language monthly journal Dostur Korang by Kairasingh Bandiya HO Kaboy Poem poti Tangi Meyanj Sorogo Kore by Ghanshyam Bodra Ho language song Dureng Dala by Dibakar Soy Ho language learning books Ol initu and Mage Porob by Kairasingh Bandiya Ho hayam sibil dureng Ho and Hindi by Doboro BuliuliFurther reading EditGrammar of the Kol by Ray A Nariroat Encyclopaedia Mundarica by John Baptist Hoffmann has a section on Ho Dictionary Ho Grammar and Vocabulary Ho English Dictionary and Ho Sahitya Sarjan by Father John J Deeney S J Deeney J J 1991 Introduction to the Ho language learn Ho quickly and well Chaibasa Xavier Ho Publications Burrows L 1915 Ho grammar with vocabulary Deeney J J 1975 Ho grammar and vocabulary Chaibasa Xavier Ho Publications Deogam Chandrabhusan Larka Ho by Chandrabhusan Deogam Uxbond F A Munda Magyar Maori by F A Uxbond london lUZAC amp CO 46 GREAT RUSSELL STREET 1928 Deeney J J 1978 Ho English Dictionary Chaibasa Xavier Ho Publications Anderson Gregory D S Toshiki Osada and K David Harrison Ho and the other Kherwarian Languages In Gregory Anderson ed Munda Languages 2008 Routledge ISBN 978 0 415 32890 6 Perumalsamy P 2021 Ho language in Linguistic Survey of India Jharkhand Volume Language Division Office of the Registrar General India New Delhi pp 339 431 https censusindia gov in census website data census tablesSee also EditLanguages of India Languages with official status in IndiaReferences Edit Statement 1 Abstract of speakers strength of languages and mother tongues 2011 www censusindia gov in Office of the Registrar General amp Census Commissioner India Retrieved 7 July 2018 Scripts of Ho Scriptsource org Retrieved 26 August 2021 a b c High hopes for Ho Bhubaneswar News Times of India The Times of India Retrieved 16 December 2019 Tribals seek official tag for Ho language OrissaPOST 27 October 2018 Retrieved 16 December 2019 The Warang Chiti Alphabet Swarthmore edu Retrieved 19 March 2015 K David Harrison Gregory Anderson Review of Proposal for Encoding Warang Chiti Hoorthography in Unicode PDF Retrieved 19 March 2015 a b Ho Web Sketch Ho writing PDF Livingtongues org Archived from the original PDF on 17 March 2016 Retrieved 19 March 2015 Anderson Gregory S ed 2008 The Munda languages 1 publ ed London Routledge ISBN 978 0 415 32890 6 Pucilowski Anna 2013 Topics in Ho morphophonology and morphosyntax University of Oregon Purty Dhanursingh Ho Dishum Ho Honko seven volumes 1982 Xavier Ho Publications The Ho language webpage by K David Harrison Swarthmore College Swarthmore edu Retrieved 26 August 2021 Department of Education Government of Bihar 1953 University Department Of Tribal And Regional Language Ranchi University Jharkhand Ete Turtung Akhara Jhinkapani Echoes of Indus valley by A Pathak and N K Verma Indus Script by Sudhanshu Kumar Ray Xavier Ho Publication Lupungutu 1975 Anderson Gregory D S Toshiki Osada and K David Harrison Ho and the other Kherwarian Languages In Gregory Anderson ed Munda Languages 2008 Routledge ISBN 978 0 415 32890 6 Study of Ho Dialect by Tribal Research Institute Jharkhand Tribal and Regional Language Literature Syllabus UGC NET 2019 2020 UGC NET Exam 26 October 2010 Retrieved 16 December 2019 Jharkhand school books to go local 16 January 2016 Retrieved 16 December 2019 Tribal communities in Odisha are speaking up to save their dialects The Hindu a b Pradhan for inclusion of Ho in 8th Schedule OrissaPOST 6 December 2018 Retrieved 16 December 2019 Include Ho language in 8th Schedule BJP MP Press Trust of India 22 August 2013 Retrieved 16 December 2019 via Business Standard Pioneer The Rajnath assures for Ho inclusion in 8th Schedule The Pioneer Retrieved 16 December 2019 Courses in Tribal and regional language most sought at Ranchi University Times of India The Times of India Retrieved 16 December 2019 Ranchi University s TRL to have nine departments for tribal languages India Today 7 October 2013 Retrieved 16 December 2019 1 dead link HO LANGUAGE EDUCATION COUNCIL ODISHA holanguageodishaedu in Retrieved 16 December 2019 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r HO LANGUAGE EDUCATION COUNCIL ODISHA holanguageodishaedu in Retrieved 16 December 2019 External links Edit nbsp Ho language test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator The Ho language webpage by K David Harrison Swarthmore College RWAAI RWAAI Lunds universitet RWAAI Repository and Workspace for Austroasiatic Intangible Heritage Ho language Lund University Humanities Lab Archive hdl 10050 00 0000 0000 0003 A6AC 8 Retrieved 5 November 2021 Ho language PDF lsi gov in Retrieved 20 October 2021 via Linguistic survey of India Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ho language amp oldid 1175928205, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
