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Wikipedia

Harry Belafonte

April 26, 2023

"Belafonte" redirects here. For his album, see Belafonte (album). For other uses, see Belafonte (disambiguation).

Harry Belafonte (born Harold George Bellanfanti Jr.; March 1, 1927 – April 25, 2023) was a Jamaican-American singer, actor and activist, who popularized calypso music with international audiences in the 1950s. His breakthrough album Calypso (1956) was the first million-selling LP by a single artist.[1]

Harry Belafonte
Belafonte in 1954
Born
Harold George Bellanfanti Jr.

(1927-03-01)March 1, 1927
Manhattan, New York, U.S.
DiedApril 25, 2023(2023-04-25) (aged 96)
Manhattan, New York, U.S.
Other names
  • Harold George Belafonte Jr.
  • Harry Bellanfanti Jr.
Occupations
  • Singer
  • actor
  • activist
Years active1949–2023
Political partyDemocratic
Spouses
Marguerite Byrd
​
​
(m. 1948; div. 1957)​
Julie Robinson
​
​
(m. 1957; div. 2004)​
Pamela Frank
​
​
(m. 2008)​
Children4, including Shari
Musical career
Genres
Instrument(s)Vocals

Belafonte was best known for his recordings of "Day-O (The Banana Boat Song)", "Jump in the Line (Shake, Senora)", "Jamaica Farewell", and "Mary's Boy Child". He recorded and performed in many genres, including blues, folk, gospel, show tunes, and American standards. He also starred in films such as Carmen Jones (1954), Island in the Sun (1957), and Odds Against Tomorrow (1959).

Belafonte considered the actor, singer, and activist Paul Robeson a mentor, and he was a close confidant of Martin Luther King Jr. during the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s. He was a vocal critic of the policies of the George W. Bush and Donald Trump administrations. Belafonte acted as the American Civil Liberties Union celebrity ambassador for juvenile justice issues.[2]

Belafonte won three Grammy Awards (including a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award), an Emmy Award,[3] and a Tony Award. In 1989, he received the Kennedy Center Honors. He was awarded the National Medal of Arts in 1994. In 2014, he received the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award at the Academy's 6th Annual Governors Awards[4] and in 2022 was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in the Early Influence category.[5]

Early life

Belafonte was born Harold George Bellanfanti Jr.[6] on March 1, 1927 at Lying-in Hospital in Harlem, New York, the son of Jamaican-born parents Harold George Bellanfanti Sr., who worked as a chef, and Melvine (née Love), a housekeeper.[7][8][9][10][11][12] There are disputed claims of his father's place of birth, which is also stated as Martinique, then a French colony.[13]

His mother was the child of a Scottish Jamaican mother and an Afro-Jamaican father, and his father was the child of a Black American mother and a Dutch-Jewish father of Sephardic Jewish descent. Harry, Jr. was raised Catholic.[14]

From 1932 to 1940, Belafonte lived with one of his grandmothers in her native country of Jamaica, where he attended Wolmer's Schools. Upon returning to New York City, he attended George Washington High School,[15] after which he joined the U.S. Navy and served during World War II.[10] In the 1940s, he was working as a janitor's assistant when a tenant gave him, as a gratuity, two tickets to see the American Negro Theater. He fell in love with the art form and also became friends with Sidney Poitier. The financially struggling pair regularly purchased a single seat to local plays, trading places in between acts, after informing the other about the progression of the play.[16]

At the end of the 1940s, Belafonte took classes in acting at the Dramatic Workshop of The New School in New York City with the influential German director Erwin Piscator alongside Marlon Brando, Tony Curtis, Walter Matthau, Bea Arthur, and Poitier, while performing with the American Negro Theater.[17] He subsequently received a Tony Award for his participation in the Broadway revue John Murray Anderson's Almanac (1954).[18] He also starred in the 1955 Broadway revue 3 for Tonight with Gower Champion.[19]

Musical career

Belafonte started his career in music as a club singer in New York to pay for his acting classes.[20] The first time he appeared in front of an audience, he was backed by the Charlie Parker band, which included Charlie Parker himself, Max Roach, and Miles Davis, among others.[21] He launched his recording career as a pop singer on the Roost label in 1949, but quickly developed a keen interest in folk music, learning material through the Library of Congress' American folk songs archives. With guitarist and friend Millard Thomas, Belafonte soon made his debut at the legendary jazz club The Village Vanguard.[22] He signed a contract with RCA Victor in 1953, recording regularly for the label until 1974.[23] Belafonte also performed during the Rat Pack era in Las Vegas.[24]

Calypso

Belafonte's first widely released single, which went on to become his "signature" audience participation song in virtually all his live performances, was "Matilda", recorded April 27, 1953.[23] His breakthrough album Calypso (1956) became the first LP in the world to sell over 1 million copies within a year.[25] He stated that it was the first million-selling album ever in England. The album is number four on Billboard's "Top 100 Album" list for having spent 31 weeks at number 1, 58 weeks in the top ten, and 99 weeks on the U.S. chart.[26] The album introduced American audiences to calypso music (which had originated in Trinidad and Tobago in the early 19th century), and Belafonte was dubbed the "King of Calypso", a title he wore with reservations since he had no claims to any Calypso Monarch titles.[27]

One of the songs included in the album is the now famous "Banana Boat Song" (listed as "Day-O" on the Calypso LP), which reached number five on the pop chart, and featured its signature lyric "Day-O".[28]

Many of the compositions recorded for Calypso, including "Banana Boat Song" and "Jamaica Farewell", gave songwriting credit to Irving Burgie.[29]

Middle career

 
With Julie Andrews on the NBC special An Evening with Julie Andrews and Harry Belafonte (1969)

While primarily known for calypso, Belafonte recorded in many different genres, including blues, folk, gospel, show tunes, and American standards. His second-most popular hit, which came immediately after "The Banana Boat Song", was the comedic tune "Mama Look at Bubu", also known as "Mama Look a Boo-Boo" (originally recorded by Lord Melody in 1955[30]), in which he sings humorously about misbehaving and disrespectful children. It reached number eleven on the pop chart.

In 1959, Belafonte starred in Tonight With Belafonte, a nationally televised special that featured Odetta, who sang "Water Boy" and who performed a duet with Belafonte of "There's a Hole in My Bucket" that hit the national charts in 1961.[31] Belafonte was the first Jamaican American to win an Emmy, for Revlon Revue: Tonight with Belafonte (1959).[3] Two live albums, both recorded at Carnegie Hall in 1959 and 1960, enjoyed critical and commercial success. From his 1959 album, "Hava Nagila" became part of his regular routine and one of his signature songs.[32] He was one of many entertainers recruited by Frank Sinatra to perform at the inaugural gala of President John F. Kennedy in 1961, which included Ella Fitzgerald, Mahalia Jackson, and others.[33] Later that year, RCA Victor released another calypso album, Jump Up Calypso, which went on to become another million seller. During the 1960s he introduced several artists to U.S. audiences, most notably South African singer Miriam Makeba and Greek singer Nana Mouskouri. His album Midnight Special (1962) included a young harmonica player named Bob Dylan.[34]

As the Beatles and other stars from Britain began to dominate the U.S. pop charts, Belafonte's commercial success diminished; 1964's Belafonte at The Greek Theatre was his last album to appear in Billboard's Top 40. His last hit single, "A Strange Song", was released in 1967 and peaked at number 5 on the adult contemporary music charts. Belafonte received Grammy Awards for the albums Swing Dat Hammer (1960) and An Evening with Belafonte/Makeba (1965). The latter album dealt with the political plight of black South Africans under apartheid. He earned six Gold Records.[35]

During the 1960s, Belafonte appeared on TV specials alongside such artists as Julie Andrews, Petula Clark, Lena Horne, and Nana Mouskouri. In 1967, Belafonte was the first non-classical artist to perform at the prestigious Saratoga Performing Arts Center (SPAC) in Upstate New York,[36] soon to be followed by concerts there by the Doors, the 5th Dimension, the Who, and Janis Joplin.

From February 5 to 9, 1968, Belafonte guest hosted The Tonight Show substituting for Johnny Carson.[37] Among his interview guests were Martin Luther King Jr. and Sen. Robert F. Kennedy.[37][38]

Later recordings and other activities

Belafonte's fifth and final calypso album, Calypso Carnival, was issued by RCA in 1971.[39] Belafonte's recording activity slowed considerably after releasing his final album for RCA in 1974. From the mid-1970s to early 1980s, Belafonte spent the greater part of his time on tour, which included concerts in Japan, Europe, and Cuba.[40] In 1977, Columbia Records released the album Turn the World Around, with a strong focus on world music.[41]

In 1978 he was a guest star on an episode of The Muppet Show, on which he performed his signature song "Day-O".[42] However, the episode is best known for Belafonte's rendition of the spiritual song "Turn the World Around", from the album of the same name, which he performed with specially made Muppets that resembled African tribal masks.[43][44] It became one of the series' most famous performances and was reportedly Jim Henson's favorite episode. After Henson's death in May 1990, Belafonte was asked to perform the song at Henson's memorial service.[44][45] "Turn the World Around" was also included in the 2005 official hymnal supplement of the Unitarian Universalist Association, Singing the Journey.[46]

 
Belafonte performing in 1983

Belafonte released his first album of original material in over a decade, Paradise in Gazankulu, in 1988, and contained ten protest songs against the South African former Apartheid policy, and was his last studio album.[47] In the same year Belafonte, as UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador, attended a symposium in Harare, Zimbabwe, to focus attention on child survival and development in Southern African countries. As part of the symposium, he performed a concert for UNICEF. A Kodak video crew filmed the concert, which was released as a 60-minute concert video titled "Global Carnival".[48]

Following a lengthy recording hiatus, An Evening with Harry Belafonte and Friends, a soundtrack and video of a televised concert, were released in 1997 by Island Records.[49] The Long Road to Freedom: An Anthology of Black Music, a huge multi-artist project recorded by RCA during the 1960s and 1970s, was finally released by the label in 2001. Belafonte went on the Today Show to promote the album on September 11, 2001, and was interviewed by Katie Couric just minutes before the first plane hit the World Trade Center.[50] The album was nominated for the 2002 Grammy Awards for Best Boxed Recording Package, for Best Album Notes, and for Best Historical Album.[51]

 
Belafonte in 1996

Belafonte received the Kennedy Center Honors in 1989.[52] He was awarded the National Medal of Arts in 1994 and he won a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 2000. He performed sold-out concerts globally through the 1950s to the 2000s. His last concert was a benefit concert for the Atlanta Opera on October 25, 2003. In a 2007 interview, he stated that he had since retired from performing.[53]

On January 29, 2013, Belafonte was the Keynote Speaker and 2013 Honoree for the MLK Celebration Series at the Rhode Island School of Design. Belafonte used his career and experiences with Dr. King to speak on the role of artists as activists.[54]

Belafonte was inducted as an honorary member of Phi Beta Sigma fraternity on January 11, 2014.[55]

In March 2014, Belafonte was awarded an honorary doctorate from Berklee College of Music in Boston.[56]

In 2017, Belafonte released When Colors Come Together, an anthology of some of Belafonte's earlier recordings produced by his son David who wrote lyrics for an updated version of "Island In The Sun", arranged by longtime Belafonte musical director Richard Cummings, and featuring Harry Belafonte's grandchildren Sarafina and Amadeus and a children's choir.[57]

Film career

 
Belafonte at the 2011 Berlin Film Festival

Belafonte starred in numerous films. His first film role was in Bright Road (1953), in which he supported female lead Dorothy Dandridge.[58] The two subsequently starred in Otto Preminger's hit musical Carmen Jones (1954). Ironically, Belafonte's singing in the film was dubbed by an opera singer, as was Dandridge's, both voices being deemed unsuitable for their roles.[17][58]

Using his star clout, Belafonte was subsequently able to realize several then-controversial film roles. In 1957's Island in the Sun, there are hints of an affair between Belafonte's character and the character played by Joan Fontaine.[59] The film also starred James Mason, Dandridge, Joan Collins, Michael Rennie, and John Justin. In 1959, he starred in and produced, through his company HarBel Productions, Robert Wise's Odds Against Tomorrow, in which he plays a bank robber uncomfortably teamed with a racist partner (Robert Ryan). He also co-starred with Inger Stevens in The World, the Flesh and the Devil.[60] Belafonte was offered the role of Porgy in Preminger's Porgy and Bess, where he would have once again starred opposite Dandridge, but refused the role because he objected to its racial stereotyping; Sidney Poitier played the role instead.[61][62]

 
Belafonte at the 2011 Viennale

Dissatisfied with most of the film roles offered to him during the 1960s, Belafonte concentrated on music. In the early 1970s, Belafonte appeared in more films, among which are two with Poitier: Buck and the Preacher (1972) and Uptown Saturday Night (1974).[63] In 1984, Belafonte produced and scored the musical film Beat Street, dealing with the rise of hip-hop culture.[64] Together with Arthur Baker, he produced the gold-certified soundtrack of the same name.[65] Belafonte next starred in a major film in the mid-1990s, appearing with John Travolta in the race-reverse drama White Man's Burden (1995);[66] and in Robert Altman's jazz age drama Kansas City (1996), the latter of which garnered him the New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Supporting Actor.[67] He also starred as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States in the TV drama Swing Vote (1999).[66] In 2006, Belafonte appeared in Bobby, Emilio Estevez's ensemble drama about the assassination of Robert F. Kennedy; he played Nelson, a friend of an employee of the Ambassador Hotel (Anthony Hopkins).[63] His final film appearance was in Spike Lee's Academy Award-winning BlacKkKlansman (2018) as an elderly civil rights pioneer.[13]

Political and humanitarian activism

 
Belafonte with King Gustav VI Adolf and Martin Luther King Jr. in 1964

Belafonte is said to have married politics and pop culture.[68] Belafonte's political beliefs were greatly inspired by the singer, actor, and civil rights activist Paul Robeson, who mentored him.[69] Robeson opposed not only racial prejudice in the United States but also western colonialism in Africa. Belafonte refused to perform in the American South from 1954 until 1961.[70]

In 1960, Belafonte appeared in a campaign commercial for Democratic Presidential candidate John F. Kennedy.[71] Kennedy later named Belafonte cultural advisor to the Peace Corps. Belafonte supported Lyndon B. Johnson for the 1964 United States presidential election.[72]

Belafonte gave the keynote address at the ACLU of Northern California's annual Bill of Rights Day Celebration In December 2007 and was awarded the Chief Justice Earl Warren Civil Liberties Award. The 2011 Sundance Film Festival featured the documentary film Sing Your Song, a biographical film focusing on Belafonte's contribution to and his leadership in the civil rights movement in America and his endeavors to promote social justice globally.[73] In 2011, Belafonte's memoir My Song was published by Knopf Books.[74]

Involvement in the Civil Rights Movement

 
Belafonte (center) at the 1963 Civil Rights March on Washington, D.C with Sidney Poitier (left) and Charlton Heston

Belafonte supported the Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s and 1960s and was one of Martin Luther King Jr.'s confidants.[75] He provided for King's family since King made only $8,000 a year as a preacher. Like many other civil rights activists, Belafonte was blacklisted during the McCarthy era. During the 1963 Birmingham Campaign, Belafonte bailed King out of Birmingham, Alabama City Jail and raised $50,000[76] to release other civil rights protesters. He contributed to the 1961 Freedom Rides, supported voter registration drives, and helped to organize the 1963 March on Washington.[77] He later recalled, "Paul Robeson had been my first great formative influence; you might say he gave me my backbone. Martin King was the second; he nourished my soul."[78] Throughout his career, Belafonte was an advocate for political and humanitarian causes, such as the Anti-Apartheid Movement and USA for Africa. From 1987 until his death, he was a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador.[79]

During the "Mississippi Freedom Summer" of 1964, Belafonte bankrolled the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, flying to Mississippi that August with Sidney Poitier and $60,000 in cash and entertaining crowds in Greenwood. In 1968, Belafonte appeared on a Petula Clark primetime television special on NBC. In the middle of a duet of On the Path of Glory, Clark smiled and briefly touched Belafonte's arm,[80] which prompted complaints from Doyle Lott, the advertising manager of the show's sponsor, Plymouth Motors.[81] Lott wanted to retape the segment,[82] but Clark, who had ownership of the special, told NBC that the performance would be shown intact or she would not allow it to be aired at all. Newspapers reported the controversy,[83][84] Lott was relieved of his responsibilities,[85] and when the special aired, it attracted high ratings.

Belafonte taped an appearance on an episode of The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour to be aired on September 29, 1968, performing a controversial "Mardi Gras" number intercut with footage from the 1968 Democratic National Convention riots. CBS censors deleted the segment. The full unedited content was broadcast in 1993 as part of a complete Smothers Brothers Hour syndication package.

Humanitarian activism

 
Belafonte (left) with activist and opera star Stacey Robinson in 1988.

In 1985, Belafonte helped organize the Grammy Award-winning song "We Are the World", a multi-artist effort to raise funds for Africa. He performed in the Live Aid concert that same year. In 1987, he received an appointment to UNICEF as a goodwill ambassador. Following his appointment, Belafonte traveled to Dakar, Senegal, where he served as chairman of the International Symposium of Artists and Intellectuals for African Children. He also helped to raise funds—alongside more than 20 other artists—in the largest concert ever held in sub-Saharan Africa. In 1994, he went on a mission to Rwanda and launched a media campaign to raise awareness of the needs of Rwandan children.[22]

In 2001, Belafonte went to South Africa to support the campaign against HIV/AIDS.[86] In 2002, Africare awarded him the Bishop John T. Walker Distinguished Humanitarian Service Award for his efforts to assist Africa.[43] In 2004, Belafonte went to Kenya to stress the importance of educating children in the region.[87]

Belafonte had been involved in prostate cancer advocacy since 1996, when he was diagnosed and successfully treated for the disease.[88] On June 27, 2006, Belafonte was the recipient of the BET Humanitarian Award at the 2006 BET Awards. He was named one of nine 2006 Impact Award recipients by AARP The Magazine.[89] On October 19, 2007, Belafonte represented UNICEF on Norwegian television to support the annual telethon (TV Aksjonen) in support of that charity and helped raise a world record of $10 per inhabitant of Norway.[90] Belafonte was also an ambassador for the Bahamas.[91] He sat on the board of directors of the Advancement Project.[92] He also served on the Advisory Council of the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation.

Political activism

Belafonte was a longtime critic of U.S. foreign policy. He began making controversial political statements on this subject in the early 1980s. At various times he made statements opposing the U.S. embargo on Cuba; praising Soviet peace initiatives; attacking the U.S. invasion of Grenada; praising the Abraham Lincoln Brigade; honoring Ethel and Julius Rosenberg; and praising Fidel Castro.[58][93] Belafonte is additionally known for his visit to Cuba which helped ensure hip-hop's place in Cuban society. According to Geoffrey Baker's article "Hip hop, Revolucion! Nationalizing Rap in Cuba", in 1999, Belafonte met with representatives of the rap community immediately before meeting with Fidel Castro. This meeting resulted in Castro's personal approval of, and hence the government's involvement in, the incorporation of rap into his country's culture.[94] In a 2003 interview, Belafonte reflected upon this meeting's influence:

 
Belafonte speaking at the 1963 Civil Rights March on Washington, D.C

"When I went back to Havana a couple years later, the people in the hip-hop community came to see me and we hung out for a bit. They thanked me profusely and I said, 'Why?' and they said, 'Because your little conversation with Fidel and the Minister of Culture on hip-hop led to there being a special division within the ministry and we've got our own studio.'."[95]

Belafonte was active in the Anti-Apartheid Movement. He was the master of ceremonies at a reception honoring African National Congress President Oliver Tambo at Roosevelt House, Hunter College, in New York City. The reception was held by the American Committee on Africa (ACOA) and The Africa Fund.[96] He was a board member of the TransAfrica Forum and the Institute for Policy Studies.[97]

Opposition to the George W. Bush administration

Belafonte achieved widespread attention for his political views in 2002 when he began making a series of comments about President George W. Bush, his administration and the Iraq War. During an interview with Ted Leitner for San Diego's 760 KFMB, on October 10, 2002, Belafonte referred to Malcolm X.[98] Belafonte said:

There is an old saying, in the days of slavery. There were those slaves who lived on the plantation, and there were those slaves who lived in the house. You got the privilege of living in the house if you served the master, do exactly the way the master intended to have you serve him. That gave you privilege. Colin Powell is committed to come into the house of the master, as long as he would serve the master, according to the master's purpose. And when Colin Powell dares to suggest something other than what the master wants to hear, he will be turned back out to pasture. And you don't hear much from those who live in the pasture.

Belafonte used the quotation to characterize former United States Secretaries of State Colin Powell and Condoleezza Rice. Powell and Rice both responded, with Powell calling the remarks "unfortunate"[98] and Rice saying, "I don't need Harry Belafonte to tell me what it means to be black."[99]

 
Belafonte in 2003

The comment was brought up again in an interview with Amy Goodman for Democracy Now! in 2006.[100] In January 2006, Belafonte led a delegation of activists including actor Danny Glover and activist/professor Cornel West to meet with President of Venezuela Hugo Chávez. In 2005, Chávez, an outspoken Bush critic, initiated a program to provide cheaper heating oil for poor people in several areas of the United States. Belafonte supported this initiative.[101] He was quoted as saying, during the meeting with Chávez, "No matter what the greatest tyrant in the world, the greatest terrorist in the world, George W. Bush says, we're here to tell you: Not hundreds, not thousands, but millions of the American people support your revolution."[102] Belafonte and Glover met again with Chávez in 2006.[103] The comment ignited a great deal of controversy. Hillary Clinton refused to acknowledge Belafonte's presence at an awards ceremony that featured both of them.[104] AARP, which had just named him one of its 10 Impact Award honorees 2006, released this statement following the remarks: "AARP does not condone the manner and tone which he has chosen and finds his comments completely unacceptable."[105] During a Martin Luther King Jr. Day speech at Duke University in 2006, Belafonte compared the American government to the hijackers of the September 11 attacks, saying, "What is the difference between that terrorist and other terrorists?" [106] In response to criticism about his remarks Belafonte asked, "What do you call Bush when the war he put us in to date has killed almost as many Americans as died on 9/11 and the number of Americans wounded in war is almost triple? ... By most definitions Bush can be considered a terrorist." When he was asked about his expectation of criticism for his remarks on the war in Iraq, Belafonte responded, "Bring it on. Dissent is central to any democracy."[107]

In another interview, Belafonte remarked that while his comments may have been "hasty", he felt the Bush administration suffered from "arrogance wedded to ignorance" and its policies around the world were "morally bankrupt".[108] In January 2006, in a speech to the annual meeting of the Arts Presenters Members Conference, Belafonte referred to "the new Gestapo of Homeland Security," saying, "You can be arrested and have no right to counsel!"[109] During the Martin Luther King Jr. Day speech at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina, in January 2006, Belafonte said that if he could choose his epitaph it would be, "Harry Belafonte, Patriot".[110]

In 2004, he was awarded the Domestic Human Rights Award in San Francisco by Global Exchange.

Obama administration

 
Belafonte in 2013

In the 1950s, Belafonte was a supporter of the African American Students Foundation, which gave a grant to Barack Obama Sr., the late father of the 44th US president, Barack Obama, to study at the University of Hawaii in 1959.[111]

In 2011, Belafonte commented on the Obama administration and the role which popular opinion played in shaping its policies. "I think [Obama] plays the game that he plays because he sees no threat from evidencing concerns for the poor."[112]

On December 9, 2012, in an interview with Al Sharpton on MSNBC, Belafonte expressed dismay that many political leaders in the United States continue to oppose Obama’s policies even after his re-election: "The only thing left for Barack Obama to do is to work like a third-world dictator and just put all of these guys in jail. You're violating the American desire."[113]

On February 1, 2013, Belafonte received the NAACP's Spingarn Medal, and in the televised ceremony, he counted Constance L. Rice among those previous recipients of the award whom he regarded highly for speaking up "to remedy the ills of the nation".[114]

New York City Pride

In 2013, Belafonte was named a Grand Marshal of the New York City Pride Parade, alongside Edie Windsor and Earl Fowlkes.[115]

2016 presidential election

In 2016, Belafonte endorsed Vermont U.S. Senator Bernie Sanders for the Democratic primaries, saying, "I think he represents opportunity, I think he represents a moral imperative, I think he represents a certain kind of truth that's not often evidenced in the course of politics".[116]

Belafonte was an honorary co-chair of the Women's March on Washington, which took place on January 21, 2017, the day after the inauguration of Donald Trump as president.[117]

The Sanders Institute

Belafonte was a fellow at The Sanders Institute.[118]

Business career

Belafonte liked and often visited the Caribbean island of Bonaire.[119] He and Maurice Neme of Oranjestad, Aruba, formed a joint venture to create a luxurious private community on Bonaire. On June 3, 1966, the construction of the neighbourhood started which was named Belnem after Belafonte and Neme.[120] The neighbourhood is managed by the Bel-Nem Caribbean Development Corporation. Belafonte and Neme served as its first directors.[121] In 2017, Belnem was home to 717 people.[122]

Personal life

 
Second wife Julie Robinson in 1998
 
Belafonte with third wife Pamela in April 2011

Belafonte and Marguerite Byrd were married from 1948 to 1957. They had two daughters: Adrienne and Shari Belafonte. They separated when Byrd was pregnant with Shari.[68] Adrienne and her daughter Rachel Blue founded the Anir Foundation/Experience, focused on humanitarian work in southern Africa.[123]

In 1953, Belafonte was financially able to move from Washington Heights, Manhattan, "into a white neighborhood in Elmhurst, Queens."[124]

Belafonte had an affair with actress Joan Collins during the filming of Island in the Sun.[125]

On March 8, 1957, Belafonte married his second wife Julie Robinson, a former dancer with the Katherine Dunham Company who was of Jewish descent.[126]

After 47 years of marriage,[127] Belafonte and Robinson divorced in 2004. In April 2008, Belafonte married photographer Pamela Frank.[128]

Belafonte had five grandchildren, Rachel and Brian, through his children with Marguerite Byrd, and Maria, Sarafina, and Amadeus through his children with Julie Robinson. In October 1998, Belafonte contributed a letter to Liv Ullmann's book Letter to My Grandchild.[129]

Death

On April 25, 2023, Belafonte died from congestive heart failure at home on the Upper West Side of Manhattan at age 96.[13]

Discography

Further information: Harry Belafonte discography

Belafonte released 30 studio albums and eight live albums, and achieved critical and commercial success.

Filmography

Television work

 
Appearing (second from left) on British television discussion programme After Dark in 1988

Concert videos

Stage work

  • John Murray Anderson's Almanac (1953)[169]
  • 3 for Tonight (1955)[170][171]
  • Moonbirds (1959) (producer)[172]
  • Belafonte at the Palace (1959)[173]
  • Asinamali! (1987) (producer)[172]

Legacy

Belafonte celebrated his 93rd birthday on March 1, 2020, at Harlem's Apollo Theater in a tribute event that concluded "with a thunderous audience singalong" with rapper Doug E. Fresh to 1956's "Banana Boat Song". Soon after, the New York Public Library's Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture announced it had acquired Belafonte's vast personal archive of "photographs, recordings, films, letters, artwork, clipping albums," and other content.[174]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Harry Belafonte – Calypso". AllMusic (All Media Network). Retrieved December 10, 2013.
  2. ^ "ACLU Ambassadors – Harry Belafonte". American Civil Liberties Union. Retrieved January 5, 2015.
  3. ^ a b "Awards search for Harry Belafonte". Emmys. Retrieved December 10, 2013.
  4. ^ Sinha-Roy, Piya (August 28, 2014). "Belafonte, Miyazaki to receive Academy's Governors Awards". Reuters. Retrieved August 28, 2014.
  5. ^ "Artist: Harry Belafonte: Early Influence Award". WKYC. 2022. Retrieved May 4, 2022.
  6. ^ . Sing Your Song. S2BN Belafonte Productions. Archived from the original on October 14, 2016. Retrieved February 20, 2012.
  7. ^ Genia Fogelson (1996). Harry Belafonte. Holloway House Publishing. p. 13. ISBN 0-87067-772-1.
  8. ^ Hardy, Phil; Dave Laing (1990). The Faber Companion to Twentieth Century Music. Faber. p. 54. ISBN 0-571-16848-5.
  9. ^ "Harry Belafonte Biography (1927–)". Film Reference. Retrieved November 5, 2013.
  10. ^ a b The African American Registry Harry Belafonte, an entertainer of truth July 16, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  11. ^ . Calypso World. February 8, 2009. Archived from the original on February 8, 2009. Retrieved November 5, 2013.
  12. ^ Fogelson, Genia (1996). Harry Belafonte. ISBN 978-0-87067-772-4.
  13. ^ a b c Keepnews, Peter (April 25, 2023). "Harry Belafonte, 96, Dies; Barrier-Breaking Singer, Actor and Activist". The New York Times. Retrieved April 25, 2023.
  14. ^ Keillor, Garrison (October 21, 2011). "The Radical Entertainment of Harry Belafonte (Published 2011)". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved March 1, 2021.
  15. ^ Arenson, Karen W. "Commencements; Belafonte Lauds Diversity Of Baruch College Class", The New York Times, June 2, 2000. Retrieved April 16, 2008. "(He said that he had not gotten past the first year at George Washington High School, and that the only college degrees he had were honorary ones.)"
  16. ^ Belafonte, Harry (October 12, 2011). "Harry Belafonte: Out Of Struggle, A Beautiful Voice". NPR. Retrieved November 5, 2013.
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Further reading

  • Sharlet, Jeff (2013). "Voice and Hammer". Virginia Quarterly Review (Fall 2013): 24–41. Retrieved October 4, 2013.
  • Smith, Judith. Becoming Belafonte: Black Artist, Public Radical. University of Texas Press, 2014. ISBN 0292729146, ISBN 9780292729148.
  • Wise, James. Stars in Blue: Movie Actors in America's Sea Services. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1997. ISBN 1557509379. OCLC 36824724.

External links

 
Wikiquote has quotations related to Harry Belafonte.
 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Harry Belafonte.
  • SNCC Digital Gateway: Harry Belafonte, Documentary website created by the SNCC Legacy Project and Duke University, telling the story of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee & grassroots organizing from the inside-out
  • Harry Belafonte at IMDb  
  • Harry Belafonte at the TCM Movie Database
  • Harry Belafonte at the Internet Broadway Database  
  • Harry Belafonte at the Internet Off-Broadway Database  
  • Harry Belafonte discography at Discogs
  • Appearances on C-SPAN  

April 26, 2023
harry, belafonte, belafonte, redirects, here, album, belafonte, album, other, uses, belafonte, disambiguation, born, harold, george, bellanfanti, march, 1927, april, 2023, jamaican, american, singer, actor, activist, popularized, calypso, music, with, internat. Belafonte redirects here For his album see Belafonte album For other uses see Belafonte disambiguation Harry Belafonte born Harold George Bellanfanti Jr March 1 1927 April 25 2023 was a Jamaican American singer actor and activist who popularized calypso music with international audiences in the 1950s His breakthrough album Calypso 1956 was the first million selling LP by a single artist 1 Harry BelafonteBelafonte in 1954BornHarold George Bellanfanti Jr 1927 03 01 March 1 1927Manhattan New York U S DiedApril 25 2023 2023 04 25 aged 96 Manhattan New York U S Other namesHarold George Belafonte Jr Harry Bellanfanti Jr OccupationsSingeractoractivistYears active1949 2023Political partyDemocraticSpousesMarguerite Byrd m 1948 div 1957 wbr Julie Robinson m 1957 div 2004 wbr Pamela Frank m 2008 wbr Children4 including ShariMusical careerGenresCalypsomentopopfolkworldInstrument s VocalsBelafonte was best known for his recordings of Day O The Banana Boat Song Jump in the Line Shake Senora Jamaica Farewell and Mary s Boy Child He recorded and performed in many genres including blues folk gospel show tunes and American standards He also starred in films such as Carmen Jones 1954 Island in the Sun 1957 and Odds Against Tomorrow 1959 Belafonte considered the actor singer and activist Paul Robeson a mentor and he was a close confidant of Martin Luther King Jr during the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s He was a vocal critic of the policies of the George W Bush and Donald Trump administrations Belafonte acted as the American Civil Liberties Union celebrity ambassador for juvenile justice issues 2 Belafonte won three Grammy Awards including a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award an Emmy Award 3 and a Tony Award In 1989 he received the Kennedy Center Honors He was awarded the National Medal of Arts in 1994 In 2014 he received the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award at the Academy s 6th Annual Governors Awards 4 and in 2022 was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in the Early Influence category 5 Contents 1 Early life 2 Musical career 2 1 Calypso 2 2 Middle career 2 3 Later recordings and other activities 3 Film career 4 Political and humanitarian activism 4 1 Involvement in the Civil Rights Movement 4 2 Humanitarian activism 4 3 Political activism 4 4 Opposition to the George W Bush administration 4 5 Obama administration 4 6 New York City Pride 4 7 2016 presidential election 4 8 The Sanders Institute 5 Business career 6 Personal life 6 1 Death 7 Discography 8 Filmography 9 Television work 10 Concert videos 11 Stage work 12 Legacy 13 See also 14 References 15 Further reading 16 External linksEarly life EditBelafonte was born Harold George Bellanfanti Jr 6 on March 1 1927 at Lying in Hospital in Harlem New York the son of Jamaican born parents Harold George Bellanfanti Sr who worked as a chef and Melvine nee Love a housekeeper 7 8 9 10 11 12 There are disputed claims of his father s place of birth which is also stated as Martinique then a French colony 13 His mother was the child of a Scottish Jamaican mother and an Afro Jamaican father and his father was the child of a Black American mother and a Dutch Jewish father of Sephardic Jewish descent Harry Jr was raised Catholic 14 From 1932 to 1940 Belafonte lived with one of his grandmothers in her native country of Jamaica where he attended Wolmer s Schools Upon returning to New York City he attended George Washington High School 15 after which he joined the U S Navy and served during World War II 10 In the 1940s he was working as a janitor s assistant when a tenant gave him as a gratuity two tickets to see the American Negro Theater He fell in love with the art form and also became friends with Sidney Poitier The financially struggling pair regularly purchased a single seat to local plays trading places in between acts after informing the other about the progression of the play 16 At the end of the 1940s Belafonte took classes in acting at the Dramatic Workshop of The New School in New York City with the influential German director Erwin Piscator alongside Marlon Brando Tony Curtis Walter Matthau Bea Arthur and Poitier while performing with the American Negro Theater 17 He subsequently received a Tony Award for his participation in the Broadway revue John Murray Anderson s Almanac 1954 18 He also starred in the 1955 Broadway revue 3 for Tonight with Gower Champion 19 Musical career EditBelafonte started his career in music as a club singer in New York to pay for his acting classes 20 The first time he appeared in front of an audience he was backed by the Charlie Parker band which included Charlie Parker himself Max Roach and Miles Davis among others 21 He launched his recording career as a pop singer on the Roost label in 1949 but quickly developed a keen interest in folk music learning material through the Library of Congress American folk songs archives With guitarist and friend Millard Thomas Belafonte soon made his debut at the legendary jazz club The Village Vanguard 22 He signed a contract with RCA Victor in 1953 recording regularly for the label until 1974 23 Belafonte also performed during the Rat Pack era in Las Vegas 24 Calypso Edit Belafonte s first widely released single which went on to become his signature audience participation song in virtually all his live performances was Matilda recorded April 27 1953 23 His breakthrough album Calypso 1956 became the first LP in the world to sell over 1 million copies within a year 25 He stated that it was the first million selling album ever in England The album is number four on Billboard s Top 100 Album list for having spent 31 weeks at number 1 58 weeks in the top ten and 99 weeks on the U S chart 26 The album introduced American audiences to calypso music which had originated in Trinidad and Tobago in the early 19th century and Belafonte was dubbed the King of Calypso a title he wore with reservations since he had no claims to any Calypso Monarch titles 27 One of the songs included in the album is the now famous Banana Boat Song listed as Day O on the Calypso LP which reached number five on the pop chart and featured its signature lyric Day O 28 Many of the compositions recorded for Calypso including Banana Boat Song and Jamaica Farewell gave songwriting credit to Irving Burgie 29 Middle career Edit With Julie Andrews on the NBC special An Evening with Julie Andrews and Harry Belafonte 1969 While primarily known for calypso Belafonte recorded in many different genres including blues folk gospel show tunes and American standards His second most popular hit which came immediately after The Banana Boat Song was the comedic tune Mama Look at Bubu also known as Mama Look a Boo Boo originally recorded by Lord Melody in 1955 30 in which he sings humorously about misbehaving and disrespectful children It reached number eleven on the pop chart In 1959 Belafonte starred in Tonight With Belafonte a nationally televised special that featured Odetta who sang Water Boy and who performed a duet with Belafonte of There s a Hole in My Bucket that hit the national charts in 1961 31 Belafonte was the first Jamaican American to win an Emmy for Revlon Revue Tonight with Belafonte 1959 3 Two live albums both recorded at Carnegie Hall in 1959 and 1960 enjoyed critical and commercial success From his 1959 album Hava Nagila became part of his regular routine and one of his signature songs 32 He was one of many entertainers recruited by Frank Sinatra to perform at the inaugural gala of President John F Kennedy in 1961 which included Ella Fitzgerald Mahalia Jackson and others 33 Later that year RCA Victor released another calypso album Jump Up Calypso which went on to become another million seller During the 1960s he introduced several artists to U S audiences most notably South African singer Miriam Makeba and Greek singer Nana Mouskouri His album Midnight Special 1962 included a young harmonica player named Bob Dylan 34 As the Beatles and other stars from Britain began to dominate the U S pop charts Belafonte s commercial success diminished 1964 s Belafonte at The Greek Theatre was his last album to appear in Billboard s Top 40 His last hit single A Strange Song was released in 1967 and peaked at number 5 on the adult contemporary music charts Belafonte received Grammy Awards for the albums Swing Dat Hammer 1960 and An Evening with Belafonte Makeba 1965 The latter album dealt with the political plight of black South Africans under apartheid He earned six Gold Records 35 During the 1960s Belafonte appeared on TV specials alongside such artists as Julie Andrews Petula Clark Lena Horne and Nana Mouskouri In 1967 Belafonte was the first non classical artist to perform at the prestigious Saratoga Performing Arts Center SPAC in Upstate New York 36 soon to be followed by concerts there by the Doors the 5th Dimension the Who and Janis Joplin From February 5 to 9 1968 Belafonte guest hosted The Tonight Show substituting for Johnny Carson 37 Among his interview guests were Martin Luther King Jr and Sen Robert F Kennedy 37 38 Later recordings and other activities Edit Belafonte s fifth and final calypso album Calypso Carnival was issued by RCA in 1971 39 Belafonte s recording activity slowed considerably after releasing his final album for RCA in 1974 From the mid 1970s to early 1980s Belafonte spent the greater part of his time on tour which included concerts in Japan Europe and Cuba 40 In 1977 Columbia Records released the album Turn the World Around with a strong focus on world music 41 In 1978 he was a guest star on an episode of The Muppet Show on which he performed his signature song Day O 42 However the episode is best known for Belafonte s rendition of the spiritual song Turn the World Around from the album of the same name which he performed with specially made Muppets that resembled African tribal masks 43 44 It became one of the series most famous performances and was reportedly Jim Henson s favorite episode After Henson s death in May 1990 Belafonte was asked to perform the song at Henson s memorial service 44 45 Turn the World Around was also included in the 2005 official hymnal supplement of the Unitarian Universalist Association Singing the Journey 46 Belafonte performing in 1983 Belafonte released his first album of original material in over a decade Paradise in Gazankulu in 1988 and contained ten protest songs against the South African former Apartheid policy and was his last studio album 47 In the same year Belafonte as UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador attended a symposium in Harare Zimbabwe to focus attention on child survival and development in Southern African countries As part of the symposium he performed a concert for UNICEF A Kodak video crew filmed the concert which was released as a 60 minute concert video titled Global Carnival 48 Following a lengthy recording hiatus An Evening with Harry Belafonte and Friends a soundtrack and video of a televised concert were released in 1997 by Island Records 49 The Long Road to Freedom An Anthology of Black Music a huge multi artist project recorded by RCA during the 1960s and 1970s was finally released by the label in 2001 Belafonte went on the Today Show to promote the album on September 11 2001 and was interviewed by Katie Couric just minutes before the first plane hit the World Trade Center 50 The album was nominated for the 2002 Grammy Awards for Best Boxed Recording Package for Best Album Notes and for Best Historical Album 51 Belafonte in 1996 Belafonte received the Kennedy Center Honors in 1989 52 He was awarded the National Medal of Arts in 1994 and he won a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 2000 He performed sold out concerts globally through the 1950s to the 2000s His last concert was a benefit concert for the Atlanta Opera on October 25 2003 In a 2007 interview he stated that he had since retired from performing 53 On January 29 2013 Belafonte was the Keynote Speaker and 2013 Honoree for the MLK Celebration Series at the Rhode Island School of Design Belafonte used his career and experiences with Dr King to speak on the role of artists as activists 54 Belafonte was inducted as an honorary member of Phi Beta Sigma fraternity on January 11 2014 55 In March 2014 Belafonte was awarded an honorary doctorate from Berklee College of Music in Boston 56 In 2017 Belafonte released When Colors Come Together an anthology of some of Belafonte s earlier recordings produced by his son David who wrote lyrics for an updated version of Island In The Sun arranged by longtime Belafonte musical director Richard Cummings and featuring Harry Belafonte s grandchildren Sarafina and Amadeus and a children s choir 57 Film career Edit Belafonte at the 2011 Berlin Film Festival Belafonte starred in numerous films His first film role was in Bright Road 1953 in which he supported female lead Dorothy Dandridge 58 The two subsequently starred in Otto Preminger s hit musical Carmen Jones 1954 Ironically Belafonte s singing in the film was dubbed by an opera singer as was Dandridge s both voices being deemed unsuitable for their roles 17 58 Using his star clout Belafonte was subsequently able to realize several then controversial film roles In 1957 s Island in the Sun there are hints of an affair between Belafonte s character and the character played by Joan Fontaine 59 The film also starred James Mason Dandridge Joan Collins Michael Rennie and John Justin In 1959 he starred in and produced through his company HarBel Productions Robert Wise s Odds Against Tomorrow in which he plays a bank robber uncomfortably teamed with a racist partner Robert Ryan He also co starred with Inger Stevens in The World the Flesh and the Devil 60 Belafonte was offered the role of Porgy in Preminger s Porgy and Bess where he would have once again starred opposite Dandridge but refused the role because he objected to its racial stereotyping Sidney Poitier played the role instead 61 62 Belafonte at the 2011 Viennale Dissatisfied with most of the film roles offered to him during the 1960s Belafonte concentrated on music In the early 1970s Belafonte appeared in more films among which are two with Poitier Buck and the Preacher 1972 and Uptown Saturday Night 1974 63 In 1984 Belafonte produced and scored the musical film Beat Street dealing with the rise of hip hop culture 64 Together with Arthur Baker he produced the gold certified soundtrack of the same name 65 Belafonte next starred in a major film in the mid 1990s appearing with John Travolta in the race reverse drama White Man s Burden 1995 66 and in Robert Altman s jazz age drama Kansas City 1996 the latter of which garnered him the New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Supporting Actor 67 He also starred as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States in the TV drama Swing Vote 1999 66 In 2006 Belafonte appeared in Bobby Emilio Estevez s ensemble drama about the assassination of Robert F Kennedy he played Nelson a friend of an employee of the Ambassador Hotel Anthony Hopkins 63 His final film appearance was in Spike Lee s Academy Award winning BlacKkKlansman 2018 as an elderly civil rights pioneer 13 Political and humanitarian activism Edit Belafonte with King Gustav VI Adolf and Martin Luther King Jr in 1964 Belafonte is said to have married politics and pop culture 68 Belafonte s political beliefs were greatly inspired by the singer actor and civil rights activist Paul Robeson who mentored him 69 Robeson opposed not only racial prejudice in the United States but also western colonialism in Africa Belafonte refused to perform in the American South from 1954 until 1961 70 In 1960 Belafonte appeared in a campaign commercial for Democratic Presidential candidate John F Kennedy 71 Kennedy later named Belafonte cultural advisor to the Peace Corps Belafonte supported Lyndon B Johnson for the 1964 United States presidential election 72 Belafonte gave the keynote address at the ACLU of Northern California s annual Bill of Rights Day Celebration In December 2007 and was awarded the Chief Justice Earl Warren Civil Liberties Award The 2011 Sundance Film Festival featured the documentary film Sing Your Song a biographical film focusing on Belafonte s contribution to and his leadership in the civil rights movement in America and his endeavors to promote social justice globally 73 In 2011 Belafonte s memoir My Song was published by Knopf Books 74 Involvement in the Civil Rights Movement Edit Belafonte center at the 1963 Civil Rights March on Washington D C with Sidney Poitier left and Charlton Heston Belafonte supported the Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s and 1960s and was one of Martin Luther King Jr s confidants 75 He provided for King s family since King made only 8 000 a year as a preacher Like many other civil rights activists Belafonte was blacklisted during the McCarthy era During the 1963 Birmingham Campaign Belafonte bailed King out of Birmingham Alabama City Jail and raised 50 000 76 to release other civil rights protesters He contributed to the 1961 Freedom Rides supported voter registration drives and helped to organize the 1963 March on Washington 77 He later recalled Paul Robeson had been my first great formative influence you might say he gave me my backbone Martin King was the second he nourished my soul 78 Throughout his career Belafonte was an advocate for political and humanitarian causes such as the Anti Apartheid Movement and USA for Africa From 1987 until his death he was a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador 79 During the Mississippi Freedom Summer of 1964 Belafonte bankrolled the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee flying to Mississippi that August with Sidney Poitier and 60 000 in cash and entertaining crowds in Greenwood In 1968 Belafonte appeared on a Petula Clark primetime television special on NBC In the middle of a duet of On the Path of Glory Clark smiled and briefly touched Belafonte s arm 80 which prompted complaints from Doyle Lott the advertising manager of the show s sponsor Plymouth Motors 81 Lott wanted to retape the segment 82 but Clark who had ownership of the special told NBC that the performance would be shown intact or she would not allow it to be aired at all Newspapers reported the controversy 83 84 Lott was relieved of his responsibilities 85 and when the special aired it attracted high ratings Belafonte taped an appearance on an episode of The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour to be aired on September 29 1968 performing a controversial Mardi Gras number intercut with footage from the 1968 Democratic National Convention riots CBS censors deleted the segment The full unedited content was broadcast in 1993 as part of a complete Smothers Brothers Hour syndication package Humanitarian activism Edit Belafonte left with activist and opera star Stacey Robinson in 1988 In 1985 Belafonte helped organize the Grammy Award winning song We Are the World a multi artist effort to raise funds for Africa He performed in the Live Aid concert that same year In 1987 he received an appointment to UNICEF as a goodwill ambassador Following his appointment Belafonte traveled to Dakar Senegal where he served as chairman of the International Symposium of Artists and Intellectuals for African Children He also helped to raise funds alongside more than 20 other artists in the largest concert ever held in sub Saharan Africa In 1994 he went on a mission to Rwanda and launched a media campaign to raise awareness of the needs of Rwandan children 22 In 2001 Belafonte went to South Africa to support the campaign against HIV AIDS 86 In 2002 Africare awarded him the Bishop John T Walker Distinguished Humanitarian Service Award for his efforts to assist Africa 43 In 2004 Belafonte went to Kenya to stress the importance of educating children in the region 87 Belafonte had been involved in prostate cancer advocacy since 1996 when he was diagnosed and successfully treated for the disease 88 On June 27 2006 Belafonte was the recipient of the BET Humanitarian Award at the 2006 BET Awards He was named one of nine 2006 Impact Award recipients by AARP The Magazine 89 On October 19 2007 Belafonte represented UNICEF on Norwegian television to support the annual telethon TV Aksjonen in support of that charity and helped raise a world record of 10 per inhabitant of Norway 90 Belafonte was also an ambassador for the Bahamas 91 He sat on the board of directors of the Advancement Project 92 He also served on the Advisory Council of the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation Political activism Edit Belafonte was a longtime critic of U S foreign policy He began making controversial political statements on this subject in the early 1980s At various times he made statements opposing the U S embargo on Cuba praising Soviet peace initiatives attacking the U S invasion of Grenada praising the Abraham Lincoln Brigade honoring Ethel and Julius Rosenberg and praising Fidel Castro 58 93 Belafonte is additionally known for his visit to Cuba which helped ensure hip hop s place in Cuban society According to Geoffrey Baker s article Hip hop Revolucion Nationalizing Rap in Cuba in 1999 Belafonte met with representatives of the rap community immediately before meeting with Fidel Castro This meeting resulted in Castro s personal approval of and hence the government s involvement in the incorporation of rap into his country s culture 94 In a 2003 interview Belafonte reflected upon this meeting s influence Belafonte speaking at the 1963 Civil Rights March on Washington D C When I went back to Havana a couple years later the people in the hip hop community came to see me and we hung out for a bit They thanked me profusely and I said Why and they said Because your little conversation with Fidel and the Minister of Culture on hip hop led to there being a special division within the ministry and we ve got our own studio 95 Belafonte was active in the Anti Apartheid Movement He was the master of ceremonies at a reception honoring African National Congress President Oliver Tambo at Roosevelt House Hunter College in New York City The reception was held by the American Committee on Africa ACOA and The Africa Fund 96 He was a board member of the TransAfrica Forum and the Institute for Policy Studies 97 Opposition to the George W Bush administration Edit Belafonte achieved widespread attention for his political views in 2002 when he began making a series of comments about President George W Bush his administration and the Iraq War During an interview with Ted Leitner for San Diego s 760 KFMB on October 10 2002 Belafonte referred to Malcolm X 98 Belafonte said There is an old saying in the days of slavery There were those slaves who lived on the plantation and there were those slaves who lived in the house You got the privilege of living in the house if you served the master do exactly the way the master intended to have you serve him That gave you privilege Colin Powell is committed to come into the house of the master as long as he would serve the master according to the master s purpose And when Colin Powell dares to suggest something other than what the master wants to hear he will be turned back out to pasture And you don t hear much from those who live in the pasture Belafonte used the quotation to characterize former United States Secretaries of State Colin Powell and Condoleezza Rice Powell and Rice both responded with Powell calling the remarks unfortunate 98 and Rice saying I don t need Harry Belafonte to tell me what it means to be black 99 Belafonte in 2003 The comment was brought up again in an interview with Amy Goodman for Democracy Now in 2006 100 In January 2006 Belafonte led a delegation of activists including actor Danny Glover and activist professor Cornel West to meet with President of Venezuela Hugo Chavez In 2005 Chavez an outspoken Bush critic initiated a program to provide cheaper heating oil for poor people in several areas of the United States Belafonte supported this initiative 101 He was quoted as saying during the meeting with Chavez No matter what the greatest tyrant in the world the greatest terrorist in the world George W Bush says we re here to tell you Not hundreds not thousands but millions of the American people support your revolution 102 Belafonte and Glover met again with Chavez in 2006 103 The comment ignited a great deal of controversy Hillary Clinton refused to acknowledge Belafonte s presence at an awards ceremony that featured both of them 104 AARP which had just named him one of its 10 Impact Award honorees 2006 released this statement following the remarks AARP does not condone the manner and tone which he has chosen and finds his comments completely unacceptable 105 During a Martin Luther King Jr Day speech at Duke University in 2006 Belafonte compared the American government to the hijackers of the September 11 attacks saying What is the difference between that terrorist and other terrorists 106 In response to criticism about his remarks Belafonte asked What do you call Bush when the war he put us in to date has killed almost as many Americans as died on 9 11 and the number of Americans wounded in war is almost triple By most definitions Bush can be considered a terrorist When he was asked about his expectation of criticism for his remarks on the war in Iraq Belafonte responded Bring it on Dissent is central to any democracy 107 In another interview Belafonte remarked that while his comments may have been hasty he felt the Bush administration suffered from arrogance wedded to ignorance and its policies around the world were morally bankrupt 108 In January 2006 in a speech to the annual meeting of the Arts Presenters Members Conference Belafonte referred to the new Gestapo of Homeland Security saying You can be arrested and have no right to counsel 109 During the Martin Luther King Jr Day speech at Duke University in Durham North Carolina in January 2006 Belafonte said that if he could choose his epitaph it would be Harry Belafonte Patriot 110 In 2004 he was awarded the Domestic Human Rights Award in San Francisco by Global Exchange Obama administration Edit Belafonte in 2013 In the 1950s Belafonte was a supporter of the African American Students Foundation which gave a grant to Barack Obama Sr the late father of the 44th US president Barack Obama to study at the University of Hawaii in 1959 111 In 2011 Belafonte commented on the Obama administration and the role which popular opinion played in shaping its policies I think Obama plays the game that he plays because he sees no threat from evidencing concerns for the poor 112 On December 9 2012 in an interview with Al Sharpton on MSNBC Belafonte expressed dismay that many political leaders in the United States continue to oppose Obama s policies even after his re election The only thing left for Barack Obama to do is to work like a third world dictator and just put all of these guys in jail You re violating the American desire 113 On February 1 2013 Belafonte received the NAACP s Spingarn Medal and in the televised ceremony he counted Constance L Rice among those previous recipients of the award whom he regarded highly for speaking up to remedy the ills of the nation 114 New York City Pride Edit In 2013 Belafonte was named a Grand Marshal of the New York City Pride Parade alongside Edie Windsor and Earl Fowlkes 115 2016 presidential election Edit In 2016 Belafonte endorsed Vermont U S Senator Bernie Sanders for the Democratic primaries saying I think he represents opportunity I think he represents a moral imperative I think he represents a certain kind of truth that s not often evidenced in the course of politics 116 Belafonte was an honorary co chair of the Women s March on Washington which took place on January 21 2017 the day after the inauguration of Donald Trump as president 117 The Sanders Institute Edit Belafonte was a fellow at The Sanders Institute 118 Business career EditBelafonte liked and often visited the Caribbean island of Bonaire 119 He and Maurice Neme of Oranjestad Aruba formed a joint venture to create a luxurious private community on Bonaire On June 3 1966 the construction of the neighbourhood started which was named Belnem after Belafonte and Neme 120 The neighbourhood is managed by the Bel Nem Caribbean Development Corporation Belafonte and Neme served as its first directors 121 In 2017 Belnem was home to 717 people 122 Personal life Edit Second wife Julie Robinson in 1998 Belafonte with third wife Pamela in April 2011 Belafonte and Marguerite Byrd were married from 1948 to 1957 They had two daughters Adrienne and Shari Belafonte They separated when Byrd was pregnant with Shari 68 Adrienne and her daughter Rachel Blue founded the Anir Foundation Experience focused on humanitarian work in southern Africa 123 In 1953 Belafonte was financially able to move from Washington Heights Manhattan into a white neighborhood in Elmhurst Queens 124 Belafonte had an affair with actress Joan Collins during the filming of Island in the Sun 125 On March 8 1957 Belafonte married his second wife Julie Robinson a former dancer with the Katherine Dunham Company who was of Jewish descent 126 After 47 years of marriage 127 Belafonte and Robinson divorced in 2004 In April 2008 Belafonte married photographer Pamela Frank 128 Belafonte had five grandchildren Rachel and Brian through his children with Marguerite Byrd and Maria Sarafina and Amadeus through his children with Julie Robinson In October 1998 Belafonte contributed a letter to Liv Ullmann s book Letter to My Grandchild 129 Death Edit On April 25 2023 Belafonte died from congestive heart failure at home on the Upper West Side of Manhattan at age 96 13 Discography EditFurther information Harry Belafonte discography Belafonte released 30 studio albums and eight live albums and achieved critical and commercial success Filmography EditBright Road 1953 130 Carmen Jones 1954 130 Island in the Sun 1957 130 The Heart of Show Business 1957 short 131 The World the Flesh and the Devil 1959 130 Odds Against Tomorrow 1959 130 King A Filmed Record Montgomery to Memphis 1970 documentary narrator 132 The Angel Levine 1970 130 Buck and the Preacher 1972 130 Uptown Saturday Night 1974 130 Fundi The Story of Ella Baker 1981 documentary 133 A veces miro mi vida 1982 134 Drei Lieder 1983 short 135 Sag nein 1983 documentary 134 Der Schonste Traum 1984 documentary 136 We Shall Overcome 1989 documentary narrator 134 The Player 1992 cameo 134 Ready to Wear 1994 cameo 137 Hank Aaron Chasing the Dream 1995 138 White Man s Burden 1995 130 Jazz 34 1996 130 Kansas City 1996 130 Scandalize My Name Stories from the Blacklist 1998 documentary 134 Swing Vote 1999 TV movie 130 Fidel 2001 documentary 134 XXI Century 2003 documentary 138 Conakry Kas 2003 documentary 139 Ladders 2004 documentary narrator 140 Bobby 2006 130 Motherland 2009 documentary 141 Sing Your Song 2011 documentary 130 Hava Nagila The Movie 2013 documentary 130 BlacKkKlansman 2018 130 The Sit In Harry Belafonte hosts the Tonight Show 2020 documentary 130 Television work Edit Appearing second from left on British television discussion programme After Dark in 1988 Sugar Hill Times 1949 1950 142 The Ed Sullivan Show 1953 1964 143 The Nat King Cole Show 1957 144 The Steve Allen Show 1958 145 Tonight With Belafonte 1959 146 Round Table on March on Washington 1963 147 The Danny Kaye Show 1965 148 Petula 1968 149 The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour 1968 150 The Tonight Show 1968 151 A World in Music 1969 152 Harry amp Lena For The Love Of Life 1969 153 A World in Love 1970 152 The Flip Wilson Show 1973 154 Free to Be You and Me 1974 155 The Muppet Show 1978 156 Grambling s White Tiger 1981 130 Don t Stop The Carnival 1985 157 After Dark 1988 extended appearance on political discussion programme more here 158 An Evening with Harry Belafonte and Friends 1997 159 Swing Vote 1999 160 PB amp J Otter The Ice Moose 1999 161 Tanner on Tanner 2004 162 That s What I m Talking About 2006 miniseries 163 When the Levees Broke A Requiem in Four Acts 2006 miniseries 164 Speakeasy interviewing Carlos Santana 2015 165 Concert videos EditEn Granslos Kvall Pa Operan 1966 166 Don t Stop The Carnival 1985 167 Global Carnival 1988 168 An Evening with Harry Belafonte and Friends 1997 159 Stage work EditJohn Murray Anderson s Almanac 1953 169 3 for Tonight 1955 170 171 Moonbirds 1959 producer 172 Belafonte at the Palace 1959 173 Asinamali 1987 producer 172 Legacy EditBelafonte celebrated his 93rd birthday on March 1 2020 at Harlem s Apollo Theater in a tribute event that concluded with a thunderous audience singalong with rapper Doug E Fresh to 1956 s Banana Boat Song Soon after the New York Public Library s Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture announced it had acquired Belafonte s vast personal archive of photographs recordings films letters artwork clipping albums and other content 174 See also EditList of peace activistsReferences Edit Harry Belafonte Calypso AllMusic All Media Network Retrieved December 10 2013 ACLU Ambassadors Harry Belafonte American Civil Liberties Union Retrieved January 5 2015 a b Awards search for Harry Belafonte Emmys Retrieved December 10 2013 Sinha Roy Piya August 28 2014 Belafonte Miyazaki to receive Academy s Governors Awards Reuters Retrieved August 28 2014 Artist Harry Belafonte Early Influence Award WKYC 2022 Retrieved May 4 2022 Life in Harlem Sing Your Song S2BN Belafonte Productions Archived from the original on October 14 2016 Retrieved February 20 2012 Genia Fogelson 1996 Harry Belafonte Holloway House Publishing p 13 ISBN 0 87067 772 1 Hardy Phil Dave Laing 1990 The Faber Companion to Twentieth Century Music Faber p 54 ISBN 0 571 16848 5 Harry Belafonte Biography 1927 Film Reference Retrieved November 5 2013 a b The African American Registry Harry Belafonte an entertainer of truth Archived July 16 2011 at the Wayback Machine Calypso Artists Harry Belafonte Calypso World February 8 2009 Archived from the original on February 8 2009 Retrieved November 5 2013 Fogelson Genia 1996 Harry Belafonte ISBN 978 0 87067 772 4 a b c Keepnews Peter April 25 2023 Harry Belafonte 96 Dies Barrier Breaking Singer Actor and Activist The New York Times Retrieved April 25 2023 Keillor Garrison October 21 2011 The Radical Entertainment of Harry Belafonte Published 2011 The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved March 1 2021 Arenson Karen W Commencements Belafonte Lauds Diversity Of Baruch College Class The New York Times June 2 2000 Retrieved April 16 2008 He said that he had not gotten past the first year at George Washington High School and that the only college degrees he had were honorary ones Belafonte Harry October 12 2011 Harry Belafonte Out Of Struggle A Beautiful Voice NPR Retrieved November 5 2013 a b Susman Gary April 25 2023 Harry Belafonte Singer Actor and Activist Has Died at 96 Vanity Fair Retrieved April 25 2023 Beaumonth Thomas Ben April 25 2023 Harry Belafonte singer actor and tireless activist dies aged 96 The Guardian Retrieved April 25 2023 Hall Margaret April 25 2023 Tony Winner Harry Belafonte Passes Away at 96 Playbill Retrieved April 25 2023 Chad October 25 2019 Harry Belafonte Hollywood Walk of Fame Retrieved April 25 2023 Myers Marc February 15 2017 Jazz news Harry Belafonte 1949 All About Jazz Retrieved April 25 2023 a b Iconic Voices of Black History Harry Belafonte VocaliD Retrieved April 25 2023 a b Johnson Alex Dasrath Diana April 25 2023 Harry Belafonte calypso star and civil rights champion dies at 96 NBC News Retrieved April 25 2023 Singer activist Harry Belafonte dies at 96 due to heart failure Free Press Journal Retrieved April 25 2023 Harry Belafonte singer actor activist dies at 96 WCPO 9 Cincinnati April 25 2023 Retrieved April 25 2023 Calypso Harry Belafonte 1956 PDF Library of Congress 2017 Puente Maria Harry Belafonte trailblazing singer actor and activist dies at 96 USA Today Retrieved April 25 2023 Gilliland John 1969 Show 18 Blowin in the Wind Pop discovers folk music Part 1 UNT Digital Library Pop Chronicles Retrieved November 4 2013 Kennedy Mark Irving Burgie songwriter of calypso hit Day O dies at 95 USA Today Retrieved April 25 2023 Boo Boo Man Mama Look a Boo Boo by Caribbean Allstars Lord Melody Track Info AllMusic retrieved April 25 2023 Odetta WordPress Retrieved December 10 2013 Grossman Roberta 2011 Video What does Hava Nagila mean YouTube Archived from the original on December 11 2021 President elect and Mrs Kennedy arrive at the Inaugural Gala January 19 1961 JFK Library Retrieved April 25 2023 Harry Belafonte civil rights activist and trailblazing artist dead at 96 Yahoo News Retrieved April 25 2023 Gold amp Platinum RIAA Retrieved December 10 2013 Levith Will July 12 2018 5 Most Memorable Music Moments In SPAC History Saratoga Living Retrieved April 25 2023 a b Bianculli David September 8 2020 The Sit In Revisits A Landmark Week With Harry Belafonte As Tonight Show Host NPR Retrieved April 25 2023 MLK Appears on Tonight Show with Harry Belafonte The Martin Luther King Jr Center for Nonviolent Social Change February 2 1968 Retrieved November 5 2013 Harry Belafonte Calypso Carnival Album Reviews Songs amp More AllMusic retrieved April 25 2023 Harry Belafonte Day O The Banana Boat Song Live Scranton Times Tribune Retrieved April 25 2023 Harry Belafonte Turn the World Around Album Reviews Songs amp More AllMusic retrieved April 25 2023 Hennes Joe April 25 2023 RIP Muppet Show Guest Harry Belafonte ToughPigs Retrieved April 25 2023 a b Chow Andrew R April 25 2023 Harry Belafonte Trailblazing Performer and Fierce Civil Rights Activist Dies Time Retrieved April 25 2023 a b Duquette Michael April 25 2023 Harry Belafonte The Icon s Life In Music Movies and TV Observer Retrieved April 25 2023 McLevy Alex April 25 2023 R I P Harry Belafonte actor singer and Civil Rights icon The A V Club Retrieved April 25 2023 Song Information UUA April 9 2012 Archived from the original on October 12 2010 Retrieved November 5 2013 Harry Belafonte Paradise in Gazankulu Album Reviews Songs amp More AllMusic retrieved April 25 2023 Harry Belafonte in Concert Global Carnival 1988 retrieved April 25 2023 Heckman Don March 1 1997 Forever the Renaissance Man Los Angeles Times Retrieved April 25 2023 NBC Sept 11 2001 8 31 am 9 12 am Internet Archive September 11 2001 Retrieved January 10 2016 Appreciation Harry Belafonte dead at 96 championed Long Road to Freedom in his music and his life San Diego Union Tribune April 25 2023 Retrieved April 25 2023 Kennedy Center Announces 89 Awards The New York Times August 8 1989 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 25 2023 kostenloses PR und Pressemitteilungen Pr inside com Archived from the original on July 8 2012 Retrieved November 5 2013 2013 MLK Series Keynote Address Harry Belafonte Artist as Activist RISD January 29 2013 Brown DeNeen L January 12 2014 Harry Belafonte challenges Phi Beta Sigma to join movement to stop oppression of women The Washington Post Retrieved January 14 2014 ACLU Ambassador Project American Civil Liberties Union Retrieved July 16 2019 Robertson Iyana February 15 2017 Harry Belafonte s When Colors Come Together Proves the Truth About Children and Race BET Retrieved April 25 2023 a b c Morris Chris April 25 2023 Harry Belafonte Calypso King Who Worked for African American Rights Dies at 96 Variety Retrieved April 25 2023 Harry Belafonte obituary A US icon of music film and civil rights BBC News April 25 2023 Retrieved April 25 2023 Staff Variety January 1 1959 The World the Flesh and the Devil Variety Retrieved April 25 2023 Jnpickens February 25 2019 Musical Monday Porgy and Bess 1959 Comet Over Hollywood Retrieved April 25 2023 Harry Belafonte the Activist Who Became an Artist Dies at 96 autos yahoo com Retrieved April 25 2023 a b Obenson Tambay April 25 2023 Harry Belafonte the Activist Who Became an Artist Dies at 96 IndieWire Retrieved April 25 2023 Staff AllHipHop April 25 2023 Harry Belafonte Influenced Hip Hop From Beat Street To Social Justice In The Genre AllHipHop Retrieved April 25 2023 The Story of How Beat Street Went From a Box Office Failure to One of Hip Hop s Most Important Movies www okayplayer com June 6 2019 Retrieved April 25 2023 a b Insider Martin Holmes TV Harry Belafonte Dies Singer Actor amp Activist Was 96 WFMZ com Retrieved April 25 2023 Harry Belafonte barrier smashing entertainer and activist dies at 96 Washington Post April 25 2023 Retrieved April 25 2023 a b A Tribute to Black Icons from Harry Belafonte to Whitney Houston by the Family Members Who Know Them Best People February 21 2022 Passarella Christine July 31 2022 Harry Belafonte Humanitarian Social Justice Leader and Artist Extraordinaire All About Jazz Retrieved April 25 2023 Simmons Charlotte April 25 2023 Actor singer and activist Harry Belafonte dies at 96 We Got This Covered Retrieved April 25 2023 Commercials 1960 Harry Belafonte The Living Room Candidate Retrieved November 5 2013 Jet October 1 1964 Macdonald Moira Movies Sing Your Song recounts Harry Belafonte s life The Seattle Times Retrieved November 5 2013 Haygood Wil November 25 2011 Book review My Song a memoir by Harry Belafonte The Washington Post Retrieved April 25 2023 Trott Bill April 25 2023 Harry Belafonte who mixed music acting and activism dies at 96 NY Times Nasdaq Reuters King Martin Luther Jr 2001 The Autobiography of Martin Luther King Jr p 185 ISBN 978 0 446 67650 2 Settle Tracy Wilson WaTeasa Freeman Alexis Clark amp Jimmy Bigger than music How Harry Belafonte contributed to Freedom Rides The Leaf Chronicle Retrieved April 25 2023 Belafonte Harry Shnayerson Michael 2011 My Song A Memoir New York Knopf p 297 ISBN 978 0 307 27226 3 Unicef Names Belafonte Good Will Ambassador The New York Times March 9 1987 via ProQuest Historical Newspapers Harry Belafonte with Petula Clark On The Path Of Glory on YouTube Tempest in TV Tube Is Sparked by Touch Spokane Daily Chronicle AP March 5 1968 Retrieved July 25 2016 Bellafonte Hollers Chrysler Says Everything s All Right The Dispatch Lexington North Carolina UPI March 7 1968 Retrieved July 25 2016 Chrysler Rejects Charges Of Discrimination In Show The Morning Record Meriden Wallingford Connecticut AP March 7 1968 Retrieved July 25 2016 Belafonte says apologies can t change heart color The Afro American March 16 1968 Retrieved July 25 2016 Belafonte Ire Brings Penalty Chrysler Official Apologizes To Star Toledo Blade AP March 11 1968 Retrieved July 25 2016 CNN com Harry Belafonte on the AIDS crisis in Africa June 26 2001 www cnn com Retrieved April 25 2023 Harry Belafonte urges all countries to end school fees UNICEF reports UN News news un org February 16 2004 Retrieved April 25 2023 Harry Belafonte and prostate cancer Phoenix5 org April 21 1997 Retrieved November 5 2013 Feel Great Save Money Have Fun AARP The Magazine May 26 2013 Retrieved November 5 2013 Harry Belafonte UNICEF www unicef org Retrieved April 25 2023 Harry Belafonte EGOT Winner and Activist Dead at 96 Entertainment Tonight www etonline com Retrieved April 25 2023 Advancement Project Advancement Project Retrieved November 5 2013 World Special to People s February 28 2017 This week in history Singer activist Harry Belafonte thriving at 90 People s World Retrieved April 25 2023 Baker Geoffrey Fall 2005 Hip Hop Revolucion Nationalizing Rap in Cuba Ethnomusicology 49 3 368 402 JSTOR 20174403 Levinson Sandra An exclusive interview with Harry Belafonte on Cuba Cuba Now Retrieved October 25 2003 Reception Honoring Oliver R Tambo President The African National Congress South Africa African Activist Archive Matrix Retrieved December 10 2013 Institute for Policy Studies Trustees Ips dc org Archived from the original on March 11 2008 Retrieved November 5 2013 a b Belafonte won t back down from Powell slave reference CNN October 14 2002 Archived from the original on December 25 2009 Retrieved May 4 2010 Powell Rice Accused of Toeing the Line Fox News October 22 2002 Harry Belafonte on Bush Iraq Hurricane Katrina and Having His Conversations with Martin Luther King Wiretapped by the FBI Democracy Now Archived from the original on November 16 2007 Retrieved November 5 2013 Venezuela plans to expand program to provide cheap heating oil to US poor Taipei Times October 29 2013 Retrieved November 5 2013 Belafonte calls Bush greatest terrorist World news Americas NBC News January 8 2006 Retrieved November 5 2013 Chavez Repeats Devil Comment at Harlem Event Fox News September 21 2006 Thomson Katherine January 12 2006 Hillary s not wild about Harry Daily News New York Archived from the original on February 18 2007 Harry Belafonte Comments Press release AARP org November 1 2013 Retrieved November 5 2013 Harry Belafonte on Bush Iraq Hurricane Katrina and Having His Conversations with Martin Luther King Wiretapped by the FBI Democracy Now Archived from the original on November 14 2007 Retrieved November 5 2013 Williams Brad September 13 2006 Audience applauds Belafonte The Daily Beacon University of Tennessee Knoxville Archived from the original on October 16 2007 Retrieved November 5 2013 Politics US Belafonte on Thinking Outside the Ballot Box Ipsnews net Archived from the original on February 20 2012 Retrieved November 4 2013 Belafonte Blasts Gestapo Security Fox News January 23 2006 Goodman Amy May 16 2011 Sing Your Song Harry Belafonte on Art amp Politics Civil Rights amp His Critique of President Obama Democracy Now Retrieved December 10 2013 Norton Taylor Richard April 17 2012 Barack Obama s father on colonial list of Kenyan students in US The Guardian Retrieved June 17 2020 Harry Belafonte on Obama He Plays the Game that He Plays Because He Sees No Threat from Evidencing Concerns for the Poor Democracy Now January 26 2011 Francis Marquise December 14 2012 Harry Belafonte Obama should work like a third world dictator The Grio MSNBC Retrieved June 20 2013 NAACP Image Awards Harry Belafonte Speaks on Gun Control in Acceptance Speech Feb 1 2013 February 2 2013 Archived from the original on December 11 2021 Retrieved February 19 2013 via YouTube NYC Pride Press Release PDF Nycpride org Bernie 2016 February 11 2016 Harry Belafonte Endorses Bernie Sanders for President retrieved February 11 2016 Aneja Arpita January 21 2017 Gloria Steinem Harry Belafonte March on Washington VIDEO Time Retrieved March 30 2017 Harry Belafonte The Sanders Institute sandersinstitute com Ode aan Bonaire een ongrijpbare liefde in de Caraibische branding ThePostOnline via Knipselkrant Curacao in Dutch Retrieved May 3 2021 Belnemproject Amigoe via Delpher nl in Dutch April 21 1981 Retrieved May 3 2021 Statuten Bel Nem goedgekeurd Amigoe di Curacao via Delpher nl in Dutch June 29 1966 Retrieved May 3 2021 Bonaire bevolkingscijfers per buurt Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek in Dutch 2017 Retrieved May 3 2021 Welcome to the Anir Experience Anir Foundation Archived from the original on September 4 2011 Retrieved April 26 2023 Gates Jr Henry Louis Belafonte s Balancing Act The New Yorker August 26 1996 Accessed March 19 2019 In 1953 enjoying his first real taste of affluence Belafonte moved from Washington Heights into a white neighborhood in Elmhurst Queens Hill Erin October 14 2013 Joan Collins Shares Steamy Details of Affairs with Harry Belafonte and Warren Beatty Parade Bloom Nate November 17 2011 Jewish Stars 11 18 Cleveland Jewish News His second wife dancer Julie Robinson to whom he was married from 1958 2004 is Jewish They had a daughter Gina 50 and a son David 54 Mottran James May 27 2012 Interview Harry Belafonte singer The Scotsman Harry Belafonte Fast Facts CNN July 7 2013 Retrieved December 10 2013 Ullmann Liv 1998 Letter to My Grandchild Atlantic Monthly Press ISBN 0 87113 728 3 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Harry Belafonte Rotten Tomatoes www rottentomatoes com The Heart of Show Business TMC Retrieved April 25 2023 King A Filmed Record Montgomery to Memphis NMAAHC Retrieved April 25 2023 The Story of Ella Baker TV Guide Retrieved April 25 2023 a b c d e f Harry Belafonte TV Guide Retrieved April 25 2023 Drei Lieder Youtuber Retrieved April 25 2023 Harry Belafonte BFI org Retrieved April 25 2023 Harry Belafonte civil rights and entertainment giant dies at 96 PBS Retrieved April 25 2023 a b Harry Belafonte Google Books Retrieved April 25 2023 Conakry Kas Retrieved April 25 2023 Kalipso Krali Harry Belafonte 96 yasinda hayatini kaybetti Kronos36 Retrieved April 25 2023 Motherland Mubi Retrieved April 25 2023 Sugar Hill Times Video Detective Retrieved April 25 2023 Celebrating the Activism of Harry Belafonte Ed Sullivan com Retrieved April 25 2023 Remembering Harry Belafonte Retrieved April 25 2023 Cast Harry Belafonte and the Belafonte Singers Johnny Carson Martha Raye The Steve Allen Show Season 4 Episode 9 Tonight with Belafonte TMC Retrieved April 25 2023 Roundtable on March on Washington C SPAN Retrieved April 25 2023 Harry Belafonte Rotten Tomatoes Retrieved April 25 2023 How Petula Clark and Harry Belafonte Fought Racism Arm in Arm The Guardian Retrieved April 25 2023 The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour Paley Center Retrieved April 25 2023 Documentary looks at Harry Belafonte s historic week hosting The Tonight Show in 1968 WUWM Retrieved April 25 2023 a b Harry Belafonte amp Julie Andrews A World in Music 1969 via www youtube com Harry Belafonte Lena Horne Harry amp Lena Album Reviews Songs amp More AllMusic via www allmusic com The Flip Wilson Show Harry Belafonte Burns and Schreiber 1973 Synopsis Characteristics Moods Themes and Related AllMovie via www allmovie com Morris Wesley April 25 2023 Harry Belafonte Folk Hero via NYTimes com Hennes Joe April 25 2023 RIP Muppet Show Guest Harry Belafonte ToughPigs Harry Belafonte Don t Stop The Carnival prod www tcm com Harry Belafonte South Africa After Dark Late night live talk show 1988 via www youtube com a b Heckman Don March 1 1997 Forever the Renaissance Man Los Angeles Times Swing Vote TVGuide com PB amp J Otter Season 2 Episode 26 Video Detective December 6 1999 via www videodetective com Harry Belafonte Dead at 96 The Washington Post Retrieved April 25 2023 That s What I m Talking About Youtube Retrieved April 25 2023 Holden Stephen August 21 2006 When the Levees Broke Spike Lee s Tales From a Broken City via NYTimes com Grow Kory January 8 2015 Roger Waters John Mellencamp Choose Interviewers for Speakeasy TV Show Rolling Stone Retrieved January 27 2015 Harry Belafonte Belafonte En Granslos Kvall Pa Operan An Evening Without Borders at the Operahouse Album Reviews Songs amp More AllMusic via www allmusic com Harry Belafonte Don t Stop the Carnival TCM Harry Belafonte in Concert Global Carnival 1988 via www youtube com John Murray Anderson s Almanac Broadway World Retrieved April 25 2023 3 for Tonight The New York Times Retrieved April 25 2023 3 for Tonight Harry Belafonte and the Champions in an Informal The New York Times Retrieved April 25 2023 a b Tony Winner Harry Belafonte Passes Away at 96 Playbill Retrieved April 25 2023 Belafonte at the Palace Theatre Vault Playbill Retrieved April 25 2023 Schuessler Jennifer March 14 2020 A Great Day O for Black Culture The New York Times No Arts pp C1 C3 Further reading EditSharlet Jeff 2013 Voice and Hammer Virginia Quarterly Review Fall 2013 24 41 Retrieved October 4 2013 Smith Judith Becoming Belafonte Black Artist Public Radical University of Texas Press 2014 ISBN 0292729146 ISBN 9780292729148 Wise James Stars in Blue Movie Actors in America s Sea Services Annapolis MD Naval Institute Press 1997 ISBN 1557509379 OCLC 36824724 External links Edit Wikiquote has quotations related to Harry Belafonte Wikimedia Commons has media related to Harry Belafonte SNCC Digital Gateway Harry Belafonte Documentary website created by the SNCC Legacy Project and Duke University telling the story of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee amp grassroots organizing from the inside out Harry Belafonte at IMDb Harry Belafonte at the TCM Movie Database Harry Belafonte at the Internet Broadway Database Harry Belafonte at the Internet Off Broadway Database Harry Belafonte discography at Discogs Appearances on C SPAN Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Harry Belafonte amp oldid 1151791168, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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