fbpx
Wikipedia

Bureau International des Expositions

January 06, 2023

The Bureau international des expositions (BIE; English: International Bureau of Expositions) is an intergovernmental organization created to supervise international exhibitions (also known as expos or world expos) falling under the jurisdiction of the Convention Relating to International Exhibitions.

Bureau international des expositions
International Bureau of Expositions
Formation22 November 1928
TypeInternational Exhibitions
HeadquartersParis, France
Membership
170 members
Choi Jai-chul
Dimitri S. Kerkentzes
Websitewww.bie-paris.org

Founding and purpose

The BIE was established by the Convention Relating to International Exhibitions, signed in Paris on 22 November 1928, with the following goals:

  • to oversee the calendar, the bidding, the selection and the organization of World Expositions; and
  • to establish a regulatory framework under which Expo organizers and participants may work together under the best conditions.

Today, 170 member countries have adhered to the BIE Convention.

The BIE regulates two types of expositions: Registered Exhibitions (commonly called World Expos) and Recognized Exhibitions (commonly called Specialized Expositions). Horticultural Exhibitions with an A1 grade, regulated by the International Association of Horticultural Producers, are recognized since 1960.

The Bureau International des Expositions also recognises the Milan Triennial Exhibition of Decorative Arts and Modern Architecture, on grounds of historical precedence, provided that it retains its original features.

Expo categories

History

Since the creation of the BIE in 1928, different protocols have governed Expo categories, which are generally split between World Expos and Specialised Expos. The rules for each category define the duration, the frequency, the size, and the construction attributes of each Expo.[1]

Under the original protocol of the 1928 Paris Convention, the BIE recognised two types of Expos:

  • General Exhibitions (also known as World Expos), which were divided into:
    • 1st category
    • 2nd category
  • Special Exhibitions (also known as Specialised Expos)

The Protocol of 30 November 1972 revised the original Convention, entering into force in 1980. Under these new rules, two types of Expos were recognised:

  • World Exhibitions (also known as World Expos)
  • Specialised Exhibitions (also known as Specialised Expos)

A new amendment was adopted in 1988 and ratified in 1996, further distinguishing the two types of Expos:

  • International Registered Exhibitions (commonly referred to as World Expos)
  • International Recognised Exhibitions (commonly referred to as Specialised Expos)

Expo 2008 Zaragoza was the first Specialised Expo to be organised under these new rules, which continue to be in force to this day.

The BIE may also grant recognition to A1 Horticultural Exhibitions approved by the International Association of Horticultural Producers (AIPH) since 1960, and to the Triennale di Milano since 1933.

World Expos

According to the 1988 Amendment of the Convention on International Exhibitions, World Expos (formally known as International Registered Exhibitions) may occur every five years, and may last up to six months.[2] Countries, international organizations, civil societies, and corporations are allowed to participate in World Expos. The themes of World Expos address a universal challenge facing humanity, and international participants may design and build their own pavilions. Participants may also opt to customise a pavilion provided by the Organiser or to participate within a joint pavilion, which has lower participation costs. Examples of themes of recent World Expos include "Man and His World" for Expo '67 in Montreal, and "Discovery" for Seville Expo '92, and examples of joint pavilion buildings for a Registered Exposition is the Plaza of America at Seville's Expo '92, which was constructed by the Seville Expo Authority to maximize participation at the World Expo by South American nations. The Plaza of Africa at Seville was constructed for the same purpose.

World Expos are also massive in scale, sometimes 300 or 400 hectares in size (Montreal's Expo 67 was 410 hectares, Osaka's Expo 70 was 330 hectares, Seville's Expo '92 was 215 hectares and Shanghai's Expo 2010, 528 hectares). Pavilions participating at a World Expo can also be large, sometimes 5,000 to 10,000 square metres in size, mini city blocks in themselves and sometimes more than several stories in height. (The Australia Pavilion for Shanghai 2010 was 5,000 square metres, the British Pavilion sat on a 6,000 square metres lot, as did the Canadian Pavilion. The flagship Chinese National Pavilion had 20,000 square metres of exhibition space.)

World Expos have been known to average 200,000 persons per day of visitors - or more - and some 50 to 70 million visitors during their six-month duration. Montreal's Expo 67 attracted 54 million visitors, Osaka's Expo '70, 64 million visitors, the Seville Expo '92, 41 million visitors and Shanghai's Expo 2010 attracted 70 million visitors.

As a result, transport and other infrastructure at a Registered Exposition is an important concern (Seville's World Expo of 1992 boasted cable car, monorail, boat, and bus) and the overall cost for hosting and being represented at a World Expos is quite high, compared to the smaller-scale Specialised Expos.

Specialised Expos

Specialised Expos (formally known as International Recognised Exhibitions) may occur between World Expos and may have a duration of between three weeks and three months. Countries, international organizations, civil societies, and corporations are allowed to participate but the theme of the Expo must address a precise challenge, e.g. Future Energy (Expo 2017 Astana), or Living Oceans and the Coast (Expo 2012 Yeosu). The pavilions are built by the Organiser and made available to participants who may customise them. The largest pavilion may be no larger than 1,000 square meters, and the Expo site must not exceed an area of twenty-five hectares. For this reason Specialised Expos are cheaper to run than World Expos.

There are blurred lines between Specialized and World Expositions prior to the 1996 amendment of the BIE's constitution. Some Specialized Expos, such as Expo 86 in Vancouver, Expo '85 in Tsukuba, or Hemisfair '68, ran for six months and pulled in greater attendance numbers than their 'World Expo' relatives. Many of these specialized expos also had individual pavilions for their participants or covered a greater exhibition site than other World Expos of the era. According to the new amendment, there were only two World Expos between 1970 and 1992 with over 12 Specialized Expos in that same period. Most of these indeed are smaller exhibitions on a focused theme, but some, such as Expo 86 and Expo 88, were intended as full-fledged World Expos. Others, such as Expo 74, the 1982 World's Fair in Knoxville, or Expo '85, were specialized exhibitions that were promoted as full World Expos.

Member states

170 countries are member states of the BIE:[3]

2021 joiners

Zimbabwe joined on 5 July 2021, becoming the 170th member.[10]

Former members

Australia

Australia was a signatory to the treaty[11] and won the right to hold the 1988 World Exposition. In 2015 the Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry requested that the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (Australia) reconsider membership, as the cost was too high and "difficult to demonstrate an appropriate return on investment", and that membership be withdrawn temporarily in 2015.[12] Australia is no longer listed as a member of BIE.[3]

Canada

On October 16, 2012, the Conservative government ended Canada's membership of the BIE when the federal government cancelled its $25,000 per year membership fee as part of “reviewing all spending across government with the aim of reducing the deficit and returning to balanced budgets."[13]

Rejoined members

United States (non-member 2001–2017)

Five International Exhibitions have been sanctioned by the BIE in the United States since World War II: one in the World Expo category – the Century 21 Exposition in Seattle (1962) – and four in the Specialized Expo category – HemisFair '68 in San Antonio, Expo '74 in Spokane, Washington, the 1982 World's Fair in Knoxville, Tennessee and the 1984 Louisiana World Exposition in New Orleans.[14]

The United States' membership in the BIE was revoked in June 2001[15] due to non-allocation of funds by the U.S. Congress for two years. The withdrawal of the United States from the BIE had a limited impact on the BIE and on the participation of the United States in International Exhibitions: the country hosted pavilions at World Expo 2005 in Aichi Prefecture, Japan, World Expo 2010 in Shanghai, China, Specialised Expo 2012 in Yeosu, South Korea, and World Expo 2015 in Milan, Italy. However, the withdrawal "had strong, adverse consequences for states and localities that wish to host an exposition on U.S. soil. Organizers in at least four states have prepared bids, or are exploring the possibility of preparing bids to host a BIE-affiliated expo." In each case, the bid project was unsuccessful, with non-membership of the BIE hurting the chances of a U.S. bid moving forward.[15]

The U.S. rejoined the organization on 10 May 2017[16] after President Trump signed the "U.S. Wants to Compete for a World Expo Act" (HR534) into law (Pub.L. 115-32)[17] as Minnesota was looking to host a Specialized Expo in 2023.

Expo mascots

Main article: Expo mascots

Fictional characters serving as mascots have been used since 1984, starting with Seymore D. Fair as the official mascot of the 1984 Louisiana World Exposition (the name being a pun on "see more of the fair," stemming from the local New Orleans dialect). Seymore D. Fair was followed by many more character mascots over the years, including Curro in Seville Expo '92; Twipsy at Expo 2000 in Hanover; and Haibao at Expo 2010 in Shanghai. The names and designs of Expo mascots are often intended to reflect the exposition's host city in some way.

Symbols

 
Dvořák Symphony No. 9, "From the New World," Movement IV: "Allegro con fuoco"
Problems playing this file? See media help.

The anthem of the Bureau International des Expositions (BIE) is the starting part of the 4th Movement of Dvořák's Symphony No. 9 in E Minor "From the New World".[citation needed]

See also

  • List of world expositions – an annotated list of all Expos sanctioned by the Bureau International des Expositions (BIE)
  • List of world's fairs – comprehensive chronological list of world's fairs including fairs not sanctioned by the Bureau International des Expositions (BIE)

References

  1. ^ "Our history". www.bie-paris.org.
  2. ^ "How is an Expo organised?". www.bie-paris.org. Retrieved 2019-05-01.
  3. ^ a b "The Member States". www.bie-paris.org. Retrieved 20 July 2017.
  4. ^ "Cameroon is now a Member State of the BIE". www.bie-paris.org. Retrieved 20 July 2017.
  5. ^ a b c d e "BIE Member States - june 2013.pdf". Retrieved July 3, 2013.
  6. ^ Kosovo joins the International Exhibitions Bureau (BIE), Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2016-03-18
  7. ^ "Two more countries become BIE member states". Retrieved 25 September 2012.
  8. ^ "The BIE welcomes South Sudan as its 168th Member State". Retrieved 14 November 2013.
  9. ^ "The BIE recognizes the Second Accession of the United States of America into the BIE". Retrieved 16 June 2017.
  10. ^ "Zimbabwe becomes a Member State of the BIE". www.bie-paris.org.
  11. ^ . www3.austlii.edu.au. Archived from the original on 15 April 2017. Retrieved 20 July 2017.
  12. ^ (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-04-15. Retrieved 2017-04-15.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  13. ^ Rider, David (April 29, 2012). "Toronto's World Expo 2025 bid dead after Prime Minister Stephen Harper government says no". The Star. Toronto. Retrieved April 30, 2014.
  14. ^ "Expo Details". Retrieved 2014-05-15.
  15. ^ a b https://dukespace.lib.duke.edu/dspace/bitstream/handle/10161/9708/Opening%20the%20X-Files-%20A%20Case%20for%20Rejoining%20the%20BIE.pdf%3Bsequence=1[bare URL PDF]
  16. ^ "The United States becomes the 170th Member State of the BIE".
  17. ^ "H.R.534 – 115th Congress (2017–2018): U.S. Wants to Compete for a World Expo Act". 8 May 2017.

External links

  • Official website
  • ExpoMuseum
  • ExpoMuseum Mascots

January 06, 2023
bureau, international, expositions, bureau, international, expositions, english, international, bureau, expositions, intergovernmental, organization, created, supervise, international, exhibitions, also, known, expos, world, expos, falling, under, jurisdiction. The Bureau international des expositions BIE English International Bureau of Expositions is an intergovernmental organization created to supervise international exhibitions also known as expos or world expos falling under the jurisdiction of the Convention Relating to International Exhibitions Bureau international des expositions International Bureau of ExpositionsFormation22 November 1928TypeInternational ExhibitionsHeadquartersParis FranceMembership170 membersPresidentChoi Jai chulSecretary GeneralDimitri S KerkentzesWebsitewww wbr bie paris wbr org Contents 1 Founding and purpose 2 Expo categories 2 1 History 2 2 World Expos 2 3 Specialised Expos 3 Member states 3 1 2021 joiners 3 2 Former members 3 2 1 Australia 3 2 2 Canada 3 3 Rejoined members 3 3 1 United States non member 2001 2017 4 Expo mascots 5 Symbols 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksFounding and purpose EditThe BIE was established by the Convention Relating to International Exhibitions signed in Paris on 22 November 1928 with the following goals to oversee the calendar the bidding the selection and the organization of World Expositions and to establish a regulatory framework under which Expo organizers and participants may work together under the best conditions Today 170 member countries have adhered to the BIE Convention The BIE regulates two types of expositions Registered Exhibitions commonly called World Expos and Recognized Exhibitions commonly called Specialized Expositions Horticultural Exhibitions with an A1 grade regulated by the International Association of Horticultural Producers are recognized since 1960 The Bureau International des Expositions also recognises the Milan Triennial Exhibition of Decorative Arts and Modern Architecture on grounds of historical precedence provided that it retains its original features Expo categories EditHistory Edit Since the creation of the BIE in 1928 different protocols have governed Expo categories which are generally split between World Expos and Specialised Expos The rules for each category define the duration the frequency the size and the construction attributes of each Expo 1 Under the original protocol of the 1928 Paris Convention the BIE recognised two types of Expos General Exhibitions also known as World Expos which were divided into 1st category 2nd category Special Exhibitions also known as Specialised Expos The Protocol of 30 November 1972 revised the original Convention entering into force in 1980 Under these new rules two types of Expos were recognised World Exhibitions also known as World Expos Specialised Exhibitions also known as Specialised Expos A new amendment was adopted in 1988 and ratified in 1996 further distinguishing the two types of Expos International Registered Exhibitions commonly referred to as World Expos International Recognised Exhibitions commonly referred to as Specialised Expos Expo 2008 Zaragoza was the first Specialised Expo to be organised under these new rules which continue to be in force to this day The BIE may also grant recognition to A1 Horticultural Exhibitions approved by the International Association of Horticultural Producers AIPH since 1960 and to the Triennale di Milano since 1933 World Expos Edit According to the 1988 Amendment of the Convention on International Exhibitions World Expos formally known as International Registered Exhibitions may occur every five years and may last up to six months 2 Countries international organizations civil societies and corporations are allowed to participate in World Expos The themes of World Expos address a universal challenge facing humanity and international participants may design and build their own pavilions Participants may also opt to customise a pavilion provided by the Organiser or to participate within a joint pavilion which has lower participation costs Examples of themes of recent World Expos include Man and His World for Expo 67 in Montreal and Discovery for Seville Expo 92 and examples of joint pavilion buildings for a Registered Exposition is the Plaza of America at Seville s Expo 92 which was constructed by the Seville Expo Authority to maximize participation at the World Expo by South American nations The Plaza of Africa at Seville was constructed for the same purpose World Expos are also massive in scale sometimes 300 or 400 hectares in size Montreal s Expo 67 was 410 hectares Osaka s Expo 70 was 330 hectares Seville s Expo 92 was 215 hectares and Shanghai s Expo 2010 528 hectares Pavilions participating at a World Expo can also be large sometimes 5 000 to 10 000 square metres in size mini city blocks in themselves and sometimes more than several stories in height The Australia Pavilion for Shanghai 2010 was 5 000 square metres the British Pavilion sat on a 6 000 square metres lot as did the Canadian Pavilion The flagship Chinese National Pavilion had 20 000 square metres of exhibition space World Expos have been known to average 200 000 persons per day of visitors or more and some 50 to 70 million visitors during their six month duration Montreal s Expo 67 attracted 54 million visitors Osaka s Expo 70 64 million visitors the Seville Expo 92 41 million visitors and Shanghai s Expo 2010 attracted 70 million visitors As a result transport and other infrastructure at a Registered Exposition is an important concern Seville s World Expo of 1992 boasted cable car monorail boat and bus and the overall cost for hosting and being represented at a World Expos is quite high compared to the smaller scale Specialised Expos Specialised Expos Edit Specialised Expos formally known as International Recognised Exhibitions may occur between World Expos and may have a duration of between three weeks and three months Countries international organizations civil societies and corporations are allowed to participate but the theme of the Expo must address a precise challenge e g Future Energy Expo 2017 Astana or Living Oceans and the Coast Expo 2012 Yeosu The pavilions are built by the Organiser and made available to participants who may customise them The largest pavilion may be no larger than 1 000 square meters and the Expo site must not exceed an area of twenty five hectares For this reason Specialised Expos are cheaper to run than World Expos There are blurred lines between Specialized and World Expositions prior to the 1996 amendment of the BIE s constitution Some Specialized Expos such as Expo 86 in Vancouver Expo 85 in Tsukuba or Hemisfair 68 ran for six months and pulled in greater attendance numbers than their World Expo relatives Many of these specialized expos also had individual pavilions for their participants or covered a greater exhibition site than other World Expos of the era According to the new amendment there were only two World Expos between 1970 and 1992 with over 12 Specialized Expos in that same period Most of these indeed are smaller exhibitions on a focused theme but some such as Expo 86 and Expo 88 were intended as full fledged World Expos Others such as Expo 74 the 1982 World s Fair in Knoxville or Expo 85 were specialized exhibitions that were promoted as full World Expos Member states Edit170 countries are member states of the BIE 3 Afghanistan Albania Algeria Andorra Angola Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bosnia and Herzegovina Brazil Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cameroon 4 Central African Republic Chad 5 Chile China Colombia Comoros Republic of the Congo Democratic Republic of the Congo Costa Rica Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Djibouti Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Estonia Fiji Finland France Gabon Gambia Georgia Germany Ghana Greece Grenada Guatemala Guinea Guinea Bissau Guyana Haiti Honduras Hungary Iceland Indonesia Iran Israel Italy Ivory Coast Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kosovo 6 Kiribati North Korea South Korea Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Laos Lebanon Lesotho Liberia Libya Lithuania Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Malta Marshall Islands Mauritania Mauritius Mexico Monaco Mongolia Montenegro 7 Morocco Mozambique 5 Namibia Nauru Nepal Netherlands New Zealand 5 Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Norway Oman Pakistan Palau Panama Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Qatar Romania Russia Rwanda San Marino Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Samoa Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia Seychelles Sierra Leone Slovakia Slovenia Solomon Islands South Africa Spain Somalia 5 Sri Lanka Sudan South Sudan 8 Suriname Eswatini Sweden Switzerland Syria Tajikistan Tanzania Thailand Timor Leste Togo Tonga Tunisia Turkey Turkmenistan 5 Tuvalu Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States 9 Uruguay Uzbekistan Vanuatu Venezuela Vietnam Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe 2021 joiners Edit Zimbabwe joined on 5 July 2021 becoming the 170th member 10 Former members Edit Australia Edit Australia was a signatory to the treaty 11 and won the right to hold the 1988 World Exposition In 2015 the Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry requested that the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade Australia reconsider membership as the cost was too high and difficult to demonstrate an appropriate return on investment and that membership be withdrawn temporarily in 2015 12 Australia is no longer listed as a member of BIE 3 Canada Edit On October 16 2012 the Conservative government ended Canada s membership of the BIE when the federal government cancelled its 25 000 per year membership fee as part of reviewing all spending across government with the aim of reducing the deficit and returning to balanced budgets 13 Rejoined members Edit United States non member 2001 2017 Edit Five International Exhibitions have been sanctioned by the BIE in the United States since World War II one in the World Expo category the Century 21 Exposition in Seattle 1962 and four in the Specialized Expo category HemisFair 68 in San Antonio Expo 74 in Spokane Washington the 1982 World s Fair in Knoxville Tennessee and the 1984 Louisiana World Exposition in New Orleans 14 The United States membership in the BIE was revoked in June 2001 15 due to non allocation of funds by the U S Congress for two years The withdrawal of the United States from the BIE had a limited impact on the BIE and on the participation of the United States in International Exhibitions the country hosted pavilions at World Expo 2005 in Aichi Prefecture Japan World Expo 2010 in Shanghai China Specialised Expo 2012 in Yeosu South Korea and World Expo 2015 in Milan Italy However the withdrawal had strong adverse consequences for states and localities that wish to host an exposition on U S soil Organizers in at least four states have prepared bids or are exploring the possibility of preparing bids to host a BIE affiliated expo In each case the bid project was unsuccessful with non membership of the BIE hurting the chances of a U S bid moving forward 15 The U S rejoined the organization on 10 May 2017 16 after President Trump signed the U S Wants to Compete for a World Expo Act HR534 into law Pub L 115 32 17 as Minnesota was looking to host a Specialized Expo in 2023 Expo mascots EditMain article Expo mascots Fictional characters serving as mascots have been used since 1984 starting with Seymore D Fair as the official mascot of the 1984 Louisiana World Exposition the name being a pun on see more of the fair stemming from the local New Orleans dialect Seymore D Fair was followed by many more character mascots over the years including Curro in Seville Expo 92 Twipsy at Expo 2000 in Hanover and Haibao at Expo 2010 in Shanghai The names and designs of Expo mascots are often intended to reflect the exposition s host city in some way Symbols Edit Dvorak Symphony No 9 From the New World Movement IV Allegro con fuoco source source Problems playing this file See media help The anthem of the Bureau International des Expositions BIE is the starting part of the 4th Movement of Dvorak s Symphony No 9 in E Minor From the New World citation needed See also EditList of world expositions an annotated list of all Expos sanctioned by the Bureau International des Expositions BIE List of world s fairs comprehensive chronological list of world s fairs including fairs not sanctioned by the Bureau International des Expositions BIE References Edit Our history www bie paris org How is an Expo organised www bie paris org Retrieved 2019 05 01 a b The Member States www bie paris org Retrieved 20 July 2017 Cameroon is now a Member State of the BIE www bie paris org Retrieved 20 July 2017 a b c d e BIE Member States june 2013 pdf Retrieved July 3 2013 Kosovo joins the International Exhibitions Bureau BIE Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo 2016 03 18 Two more countries become BIE member states Retrieved 25 September 2012 The BIE welcomes South Sudan as its 168th Member State Retrieved 14 November 2013 The BIE recognizes the Second Accession of the United States of America into the BIE Retrieved 16 June 2017 Zimbabwe becomes a Member State of the BIE www bie paris org Agreement concerning the Voluntary Contributions to be Given for the Execution of the Project to Preserve Borobudur 1973 ATS 34 www3 austlii edu au Archived from the original on 15 April 2017 Retrieved 20 July 2017 Archived copy PDF Archived from the original PDF on 2017 04 15 Retrieved 2017 04 15 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint archived copy as title link Rider David April 29 2012 Toronto s World Expo 2025 bid dead after Prime Minister Stephen Harper government says no The Star Toronto Retrieved April 30 2014 Expo Details Retrieved 2014 05 15 a b https dukespace lib duke edu dspace bitstream handle 10161 9708 Opening 20the 20X Files 20A 20Case 20for 20Rejoining 20the 20BIE pdf 3Bsequence 1 bare URL PDF The United States becomes the 170th Member State of the BIE H R 534 115th Congress 2017 2018 U S Wants to Compete for a World Expo Act 8 May 2017 External links EditOfficial website Site advocating restoration of USA membership in the BIE Session of the BIE for Expo 2012 and 2015 presentations on December 19 2006 ExpoMuseum ExpoMuseum Mascots Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bureau International des Expositions amp oldid 1123192766, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.