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Eugene, Oregon

May 08, 2024

Eugene (/juːˈdʒiːn/ yoo-JEEN) is a city in and the county seat of Lane County, Oregon, United States. It is located at the southern end of the Willamette Valley, near the confluence of the McKenzie and Willamette rivers, about 50 miles (80 km) east of the Oregon Coast.[9]

Eugene, Oregon
City

Clockwise from top: Panorama taken from Skinner Butte, the Lane County Farmers Market, Whilamut Passage Bridge, University of Oregon Autzen Stadium
Seal
Nicknames: 
Emerald Valley, The Emerald City, Track Town USA
Motto(s): 
A Great City for the Arts and Outdoors
Interactive map of Eugene
Eugene, Oregon
Eugene, Oregon
Eugene, Oregon
Coordinates: 44°3′8″N 123°5′33″W / 44.05222°N 123.09250°W / 44.05222; -123.09250
Country United States
State Oregon
CountyLane
Founded1846
IncorporatedOctober 17, 1862
Government
 • TypeCouncil–manager
 • MayorLucy Vinis (D)
 • City managerSarah Medary[citation needed]
Area
[1]
 • City44.29 sq mi (114.70 km2)
 • Land44.22 sq mi (114.52 km2)
 • Water0.07 sq mi (0.18 km2)
Elevation
[3]
413 ft (126 m)
Population
 (2020)[4]
 • City176,654
 • RankUS: 155th
 • Density3,995.07/sq mi (1,542.50/km2)
 • Urban
270,179 (US: 151st)[2]
 • Urban density3,676.6/sq mi (1,419.6/km2)
 • Metro
382,971 (US: 146th)
Demonym(s)Eugenean; Eugenian; Eugenite[5][6][7][8]
Time zoneUTC−08:00 (PST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−07:00 (PDT)
ZIP Codes
97401–97405, 97408, 97440
Area code(s)458 and 541
FIPS code41-23850
GNIS feature ID2410460[3]
Websitewww.eugene-or.gov

The second-most populous city in Oregon, Eugene had a population of 176,654 as of the 2020 United States census[10] and it covers city area of 44.21 sq mi (114.5 km2). The Eugene-Springfield metropolitan statistical area is the second largest in Oregon after Portland.[11] In 2022, Eugene's population was estimated to have reached 179,887.

Eugene is home to the University of Oregon, Bushnell University, and Lane Community College.[12][13][14] The city is noted for its natural environment, recreational opportunities (especially bicycling, running/jogging, rafting, and kayaking), and focus on the arts, along with its history of civil unrest, riots, and green activism. Eugene's official slogan is "A Great City for the Arts and Outdoors".[15] It is also referred to as the "Emerald City" and as "Track Town, USA".[16] The Nike corporation had its beginnings in Eugene.[17] In July 2022, the city hosted the 18th World Athletics Championship.[18]

History edit

Indigenous presence edit

The first people to settle in the Eugene area were the Kalapuyans, also written Calapooia or Calapooya. They made "seasonal rounds," moving around the countryside to collect and preserve local foods, including acorns, the bulbs of the wapato and camas plants, and berries. They stored these foods in their permanent winter village. When crop activities waned, they returned to their winter villages and took up hunting, fishing, and trading.[19][20] They were known as the Chifin Kalapuyans and called the Eugene area where they lived "Chifin", sometimes recorded as "Chafin" or "Chiffin".[21][22]

 
Camas flower

Other Kalapuyan tribes occupied villages that are also now within Eugene city limits. Pee-you or Mohawk Calapooians, Winefelly or Pleasant Hill Calapooians, and the Lungtum or Long Tom. They were close-neighbors to the Chifin, intermarried, and were political allies. Some authorities suggest the Brownsville Kalapuyans (Calapooia Kalapuyans) were related to the Pee-you. It is likely that since the Santiam had an alliance with the Brownsville Kalapuyans that the Santiam influence also went as far at Eugene.[23]

According to archeological evidence, the ancestors of the Kalapuyans may have been in Eugene for as long as 10,000 years.[24] In the 1800s their traditional way of life faced significant changes due to devastating epidemics and settlement, first by French fur traders and later by an overwhelming number of American settlers.[25]

Settlement and impact edit

 
Kalapuya man, c. 1840

French fur traders had settled seasonally in the Willamette Valley by the beginning of the 19th century. Their settlements were concentrated in the "French Prairie" community in Northern Marion County but may have extended south to the Eugene area. Having already developed relationships with Native communities through intermarriage and trade, they negotiated for land from the Kalapuyans. By 1828 to 1830 they and their Native wives began year-round occupation of the land, raising crops and tending animals. In this process, the mixed race families began to impact Native access to land, food supply, and traditional materials for trade and religious practices.[26]

In July 1830, "intermittent fever" struck the lower Columbia region and a year later, the Willamette Valley. Natives traced the arrival of the disease, then new to the Pacific Northwest, to the USS Owyhee, captained by John Dominis. "Intermittent fever" is thought by researchers now to be malaria.[27] According to Robert T. Boyd, an anthropologist at Portland State University, the first three years of the epidemic, "probably constitute the single most important epidemiological event in the recorded history of what would eventually become the state of Oregon". In his book The Coming of the Spirit Pestilence Boyd reports there was a 92% population loss for the Kalapuyans between 1830 and 1841.[28] This catastrophic event shattered the social fabric of Kalapuyan society and altered the demographic balance in the Valley. This balance was further altered over the next few years by the arrival of Anglo-American settlers, beginning in 1840 with 13 people and growing steadily each year until within 20 years more than 11,000 American settlers, including Eugene Skinner, had arrived.[29]

As the demographic pressure from the settlers grew, the remaining Kalapuyans were forcibly removed to Indian reservations. Though some Natives avoided transfer into the reservation, most were moved to the Grand Ronde reservation in 1856.[30][31] Strict racial segregation was enforced and mixed race people, known as Métis in French, had to make a choice between the reservation and Anglo-American society. Native Americans could not leave the reservation without traveling papers and white people could not enter the reservation.[32]

 
Replica of Skinner's original cabin

Eugene Franklin Skinner, after whom Eugene is named, arrived in the Willamette Valley in 1846 with 1,200 other settlers that year. Advised by the Kalapuyans to build on high ground to avoid flooding, he erected the first pioneer cabin[33] on south or west slope of what the Kalapuyans called Ya-po-ah. The "isolated hill" is now known as Skinner's Butte.[34] The cabin was used as a trading post and was registered as an official post office on January 8, 1850.[35]

At this time the settlement was known by settlers as Skinner's Mudhole. It was relocated in 1853 and named Eugene City in 1853.[36] Formally incorporated as a city in 1862, it was named simply Eugene in 1889.[37][36] Skinner ran a ferry service across the Willamette River where the Ferry Street Bridge now stands.

Educational institutions edit

The first major educational institution in the area was Columbia College, founded a few years earlier than the University of Oregon. It fell victim to two major fires in four years, and after the second fire, the college decided not to rebuild again.[38] The part of south Eugene known as College Hill was the former location of Columbia College. There is no college there today.[39]

The town raised the initial funding to start a public university, which later became the University of Oregon, with the hope of turning the small town into a center of learning. In 1872, the Legislative Assembly passed a bill creating the University of Oregon as a state institution. Eugene bested the nearby town of Albany in the competition for the state university. In 1873, community member J.H.D. Henderson donated the hilltop land for the campus, overlooking the city.[40] The university first opened in 1876 with the regents electing the first faculty and naming John Wesley Johnson as president. The first students registered on October 16, 1876. The first building was completed in 1877; it was named Deady Hall in honor of the first Board of Regents President and community leader Judge Matthew P. Deady.[41]

Other universities in Eugene include Bushnell University and New Hope Christian College.

Twentieth century edit

 
Downtown Eugene in 1925

Eugene grew rapidly throughout most of the twentieth century, with the exception being the early 1980s when a downturn in the timber industry caused high unemployment. By 1985, the industry had recovered and Eugene began to attract more high-tech industries, earning it the moniker the "Emerald Shire". In 2012, Eugene and the surrounding metro area was dubbed the Silicon shire.

The first Nike shoe was used in 1972 during the US Olympic trials held in Eugene.[42]

Activism edit

Main article: Community activism in Eugene, Oregon

The 1970s saw an increase in community activism. Local activists stopped a proposed freeway and lobbied for the construction of the Washington Jefferson Park beneath the Washington-Jefferson Street Bridge. Community Councils soon began to form as a result of these efforts.[43] A notable impact of the turn to community-organized politics came with Eugene Local Measure 51, a ballot measure in 1978 that repealed a gay rights ordinance approved by the Eugene City Council in 1977 that prohibited discrimination by sexual orientation. Eugene is also home to Beyond Toxics, a nonprofit environmental justice organization founded in 2000.[44]

One hotspot for protest activity since the 1990s has been the Whitaker district, located in the northwest of downtown Eugene. Whitaker is primarily a working-class neighborhood that has become a cultural hub, center of community and activism and home to alternative artists. It saw an increase of activity in the 1990s after many young people drawn to Eugene's political climate relocated there.[45] Animal rights groups have had a heavy presence in the Whiteaker, and several vegan restaurants are located there. According to David Samuels, the Animal Liberation Front and the Earth Liberation Front have had an underground presence in the neighborhood.[46] The neighborhood is home to a number of communal apartment buildings, which are often organized by anarchist or environmentalist groups. Local activists have also produced independent films and started art galleries, community gardens, and independent media outlets. Copwatch, Food Not Bombs, and Critical Mass are also active in the neighborhood.[47]

Geography edit

 
Spencer Butte can be seen from much of the city.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 43.74 square miles (113.29 km2), of which 43.72 square miles (113.23 km2) is land and 0.02 square miles (0.05 km2) is water.[48] Eugene is at an elevation of 426 feet (130 m).

To the north of downtown is Skinner Butte. Northeast of the city are the Coburg Hills. Spencer Butte is a prominent landmark south of the city. Mount Pisgah is southeast of Eugene and includes the Mount Pisgah Arboretum and the Howard Buford Recreation Area, a Lane County Park. Eugene is surrounded by foothills and forests to the south, east, and west, while to the north the land levels out into the Willamette Valley and consists of mostly farmland.

The Willamette and McKenzie Rivers run through Eugene and its neighboring city, Springfield. Another important stream is Amazon Creek, whose headwaters are near Spencer Butte. The creek discharges into the Long Tom River north Fern Ridge Reservoir, maintained for winter flood control by the Army Corps of Engineers. The Eugene Yacht Club hosts a sailing school and sailing regattas at Fern Ridge during summer months.[49]

Neighborhoods edit

Eugene has 23[50] neighborhood associations:

  • Active Bethel Citizens
  • Amazon Neighbors Association
  • Cal Young Neighborhood Association
  • Churchill Area Neighbors
  • Downtown Neighborhood Association
  • Fairmount Neighbors Association
  • Far West Neighborhood Association
  • Friendly Area Neighbors
  • Goodpasture Island Neighbors
  • Harlow
  • Industrial Corridor Community Organization
  • Jefferson Westside Neighbors
  • Laurel Hill Valley Citizens
  • Northeast Neighbors
  • River Road Community
  • Santa Clara Community (including Irving)
  • South University Neighborhood Association
  • Southeast Neighbors
  • Southwest Hills Neighborhood Association
  • Trainsong Neighbors
  • West Eugene Community
  • West University Neighbors
  • Whiteaker Community Council

The River Road and Santa Clara sections, which make up the northwestern part of the city, are within the urban growth boundary and generally perceived as part of Eugene, but are largely outside of the city limits.

Climate edit

Like the rest of the Willamette Valley, Eugene lies in the Marine West Coast climate zone, with Mediterranean characteristics. Under the Köppen climate classification scheme, Eugene has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen: Csb). Temperatures can vary from cool to warm, with warm, dry summers and cool, wet winters. Spring and fall are also moist seasons, with light rain falling for long periods. The average rainfall is 40.83 inches (1,040 mm), with the wettest "rain year" being from July 1973 to June 1974 with 75.59 inches (1,920.0 mm) and the driest from July 2000 to June 2001 with 20.40 inches (518.2 mm).[51] Measurements taken by NOAA over the past four decades have indicated a significant decline in average annual precipitation. From 1981 to 2010 inclusive, the reported annual average precipitation was 46.1 inches (1,170 mm),[52][53] but for the thirty-year period ending in 2020, the annual average had declined 5.27 inches (134 mm), to 40.83 inches (1,040 mm).[54] The figures from the second half of that period, or 2006 - 2020 inclusive, pointed to a further decline of more than 4 inches (102 mm), down to an annual average of 36.58 inches (929 mm).[53]

Winter snowfall does occur, but it is sporadic and rarely accumulates in large amounts: the normal seasonal amount is 4.9 inches (12 cm), but the median is zero.[51] The record snowfall was 41.7 inches (106 cm) of accumulation due to a pineapple express on January 25–29, 1969.[51] Ice storms, like snowfall, are rare, but occur sporadically.

The hottest months are July and August, with a normal monthly mean temperature of 67.8 to 67.9 °F (19.9 to 19.9 °C), with an average of 16 days per year reaching 90 °F (32 °C). The coolest month is December, with a mean temperature of 40.6 °F (4.8 °C), and there are 52 mornings per year with a low at or below freezing, and 2 afternoons with highs not exceeding the freezing mark.[51] The coldest daytime high of the year averages 32 °F (0 °C), reaching the freezing point.[51]

 
The result of rare heavy snow in January 2008

Eugene's average annual temperature is 53.1 °F (11.7 °C), and annual precipitation at 40.83 inches (1,040 mm).[55] Eugene is slightly cooler on average than Portland. Despite being located about 100 miles (160 km) south and at an only slightly higher elevation, Eugene has a more continental climate than Portland, less subject to the maritime air that blows inland from the Pacific Ocean via the Columbia River. Eugene's normal annual mean minimum is 41.9 °F (5.5 °C),[51] compared to 46.2 °F (7.9 °C) in Portland;[56] in August, the gap in the normal mean minimum widens to 51.1 and 58.0 °F (10.6 and 14.4 °C) for Eugene and Portland, respectively.[51] Eugene's warmest night annually averages a modest 62 °F (17 °C).[51] Average winter temperatures (and summer high temperatures) are similar for the two cities.

Extreme temperatures range from −12 °F (−24 °C), recorded on December 8, 1972, to 111 °F (44 °C) on June 27, 2021; the record cold daily maximum is 19 °F (−7 °C), recorded on December 13, 1919, while, conversely, the record warm daily minimum is 71 °F (22 °C) on July 22, 2006.[51]

Climate data for Eugene Airport, Oregon (1991–2020 normals,[a] snow & sun 1981–2010, extremes 1892–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 69
(21) 		78
(26) 		80
(27) 		89
(32) 		95
(35) 		111
(44) 		106
(41) 		108
(42) 		103
(39) 		94
(34) 		76
(24) 		68
(20) 		111
(44)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 60.2
(15.7) 		61.9
(16.6) 		69.8
(21.0) 		76.3
(24.6) 		83.4
(28.6) 		89.7
(32.1) 		97.6
(36.4) 		97.8
(36.6) 		92.2
(33.4) 		78.5
(25.8) 		65.8
(18.8) 		59.1
(15.1) 		100.6
(38.1)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 48.1
(8.9) 		51.5
(10.8) 		56.6
(13.7) 		61.3
(16.3) 		68.1
(20.1) 		74.2
(23.4) 		84.0
(28.9) 		84.3
(29.1) 		78.0
(25.6) 		64.9
(18.3) 		53.2
(11.8) 		46.8
(8.2) 		64.3
(17.9)
Daily mean °F (°C) 41.4
(5.2) 		43.3
(6.3) 		46.9
(8.3) 		50.7
(10.4) 		56.1
(13.4) 		60.9
(16.1) 		67.8
(19.9) 		67.9
(19.9) 		62.9
(17.2) 		53.4
(11.9) 		45.5
(7.5) 		40.6
(4.8) 		53.1
(11.7)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 34.7
(1.5) 		35.0
(1.7) 		37.2
(2.9) 		40.0
(4.4) 		44.0
(6.7) 		47.6
(8.7) 		51.7
(10.9) 		51.5
(10.8) 		47.8
(8.8) 		41.8
(5.4) 		37.7
(3.2) 		34.3
(1.3) 		41.9
(5.5)
Mean minimum °F (°C) 22.7
(−5.2) 		24.6
(−4.1) 		28.5
(−1.9) 		31.8
(−0.1) 		34.5
(1.4) 		38.3
(3.5) 		44.3
(6.8) 		43.3
(6.3) 		38.5
(3.6) 		29.2
(−1.6) 		24.9
(−3.9) 		21.9
(−5.6) 		17.1
(−8.3)
Record low °F (°C) −4
(−20) 		−3
(−19) 		18
(−8) 		25
(−4) 		28
(−2) 		32
(0) 		39
(4) 		35
(2) 		30
(−1) 		17
(−8) 		12
(−11) 		−10
(−23) 		−10
(−23)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 6.05
(154) 		4.67
(119) 		4.64
(118) 		3.32
(84) 		2.46
(62) 		1.23
(31) 		0.32
(8.1) 		0.39
(9.9) 		1.39
(35) 		3.17
(81) 		5.98
(152) 		7.21
(183) 		40.83
(1,037)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 1.3
(3.3) 		4.3
(11) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		1.5
(3.8) 		7.1
(18.1)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 17.9 15.5 17.6 15.5 11.9 7.9 2.6 2.8 5.9 11.9 17.5 18.7 145.7
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) 0.6 1.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 2.4
Mean monthly sunshine hours 133.3 115.8 167.4 201 254.2 270.0 337.9 341 276.0 167.4 138.0 130.2 2,532.2
Average ultraviolet index 2 2 3 3 4 5 6 5 4 3 2 2 3
Source 1: NOAA[51][57][55]
Source 2: Weather Atlas (UV)[58]

Air quality and allergies edit

Eugene is downwind of Willamette Valley grass seed farms.[59] The combination of summer grass pollen and the confining shape of the hills around Eugene make it "the area of the highest grass pollen counts in the USA (>1,500 pollen grains/m3 of air)."[60] These high pollen counts have led to difficulties for some track athletes who compete in Eugene. In the Olympic trials in 1972, "Jim Ryun won the 1,500 after being flown in by helicopter because he was allergic to Eugene's grass seed pollen."[61] Further, six-time Olympian Maria Mutola abandoned Eugene as a training area "in part to avoid allergies".[62]

Demographics edit

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
18601,183—
1870861−27.2%
18801,11729.7%
19003,236—
19109,009178.4%
192010,59317.6%
193018,90178.4%
194020,83810.2%
195035,87972.2%
196050,97742.1%
197079,02855.0%
1980105,66433.7%
1990112,6696.6%
2000137,89322.4%
2010156,18513.3%
2020176,65413.1%
2022 (est.)179,887[63]1.8%
Sources:[64][65][4]

2020 census edit

Eugene, Oregon – Racial and ethnic composition
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 2000[66] Pop 2010[67] Pop 2020[68] % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 118,563 128,031 132,159 85.98% 81.97% 74.81%
Black or African American alone (NH) 1,644 1,955 2,935 1.19% 1.25% 1.66%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 1,115 1,267 1,351 0.81% 0.81% 0.76%
Asian alone (NH) 4,872 6,205 7,083 3.53% 3.97% 4.01%
Pacific Islander alone (NH) 284 341 516 0.21% 0.22% 0.29%
Other race alone (NH) 315 308 1,157 0.23% 0.20% 0.65%
Mixed Race or Multi-Racial (NH) 4,257 5,878 12,724 3.09% 3.76% 7.20%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 6,843 12,200 18,729 4.96% 7.81% 10.60%
Total 137,893 156,185 176,654 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

2010 census edit

According to the 2010 census, Eugene's population was 156,185.[69] The population density was 3,572.2 people per square mile. There were 69,951 housing units at an average density of 1,600 per square mile.[70] Those age 18 and over accounted for 81.8% of the total population.[70]

The racial makeup of the city was 85.8% White, 4.0% Asian, 1.4% Black or African American, 1.0% Native American, 0.2% Pacific Islander, and 4.7% from other races.[70]

Hispanics and Latinos of any race accounted for 7.8% of the total population.[71] Of the non-Hispanics, 82% were White, 1.3% Black or African American, 0.8% Native American, 4% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 0.2% some other race alone, and 3.4% were of two or more races.[70]

Females represented 51.1% of the total population, and males represented 48.9%. The median age in the city was 33.8 years.[72]

2000 census edit

The census of 2000 showed there were 137,893 people, 58,110 households, and 31,321 families residing in the city of Eugene. The population density was 3,404.8 people per square mile (1,314.6 people/km2). There were 61,444 housing units at an average density of 1,516.4 per square mile (585.5/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 88.15% White, down from 99.5% in 1950,[73] 3.57% Asian, 1.25% Black or African American, 0.93% Native American, 0.21% Pacific Islander, 2.18% from other races, and 3.72% from two or more races. 4.96% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 58,110 households, of which 25.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.6% were married couples living together, 9.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 46.1% were non-families. 31.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.27 and the average family size was 2.87. In the city, the population was 20.3% under the age of 18, 17.3% from 18 to 24, 28.5% from 25 to 44, 21.8% from 45 to 64, and 12.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.0 males. The median income for a household in the city was $35,850, and the median income for a family was $48,527. Males had a median income of $35,549 versus $26,721 for females. The per capita income for the city was $21,315. About 8.7% of families and 17.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.8% of those under age 18 and 7.1% of those age 65 or over.

Economy edit

Eugene's largest employers are PeaceHealth Medical Group, the University of Oregon, and the Eugene School District.[74] Eugene's largest industries are wood products manufacturing and recreational vehicle manufacturing.[75]

Corporate headquarters for the employee-owned Bi-Mart corporation and family-owned supermarket Market of Choice remain in Eugene.

 
Sarvery Winery courtesy of Eugene, Cascades & Coast

Many multinational businesses were launched in Eugene. Some of the most famous include Nike,[17] Taco Time,[76] and Brøderbund Software.[77]

The footwear repair product Shoe Goo is manufactured by Eclectic Products, based in Eugene.

Run Gum, an energy gum created for runners, also began its life in Eugene. Run Gum was created by track athlete Nick Symmonds and track and field coach Sam Lapray in 2014.[78]

Burley Design LLC produces bicycle trailers and was founded in Eugene by Alan Scholz out of a Saturday Market business in 1978. Eugene is also the birthplace and home of Bike Friday bicycle manufacturer Green Gear Cycling.

Organically Grown Company, the largest distributor of organic fruits and vegetables in the northwest, started in Eugene in 1978 as a non-profit co-op for organic farmers. Notable local food processors, many of whom manufacture certified organic products, include Golden Temple (Yogi Tea), Merry Hempsters, Springfield Creamery (Nancy's Yogurt), and Mountain Rose Herbs.

Until July 2008, Hynix Semiconductor America had operated a large semiconductor plant in west Eugene. In late September 2009, Uni-Chem of South Korea announced its intention to purchase the Hynix site for solar cell manufacturing.[79] However, this deal fell through and as of late 2012, is no longer planned.[80] In 2015, semiconductor manufacturer Broadcom purchased the plant with plans to upgrade and reopen it. The company abandoned these plans and put it up for sale in November 2016.[81]

Luckey's Club Cigar Store is one of the oldest bars in Oregon. Tad Luckey Sr. purchased it in 1911, making it one of the oldest businesses in Eugene. The "Club Cigar", as it was called in the late 19th century, was for many years a men-only salon. It survived both the Great Depression and Prohibition, partly because Eugene was a "dry town" before the end of Prohibition.[82]

The city has over 25 breweries, offers a variety of dining options with a local focus; the city is surrounded by wineries. The most notable fungi here is the truffle; Eugene hosts the annual Oregon Truffle Festival in January.[83]

In 2012, the Eugene metro region was dubbed the Silicon Shire for its growing tech industry.

Top employers edit

According to Eugene's 2017 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[84] the city's top employers are:

# Employer Number of employees
1 PeaceHealth Medical Group 5,808
2 University of Oregon 5,549
3 Eugene School District 4J 2,553
4 U.S. Government 1,750
5 Lane Community College 1,650
6 Springfield School District 1,610
7 State of Oregon 1,594
8 Lane County 1,567
9 City of Eugene 1,417
10 McKenzie-Willamette Medical Center 898
 
Homeless camp in Eugene, Oregon

Homelessness edit

Eugene has a growing problem with homelessness.[85] The problem has been referenced in popular culture, including in the episode The 30% Iron Chef in Futurama.[86] During the COVID-19 pandemic, the city experienced a controversy over its continuing policy of homeless removal, despite CDC guidelines to not engage in homeless removal.[87]

Arts and culture edit

 
A vendor's craft booth at the Eugene Saturday Market

Eugene has a significant population of people in pursuit of alternative ideas and a large original hippie population.[88] Beginning in the 1960s, the countercultural ideas and viewpoints espoused by area native Ken Kesey became established as the seminal elements of the vibrant social tapestry that continue to define Eugene.[89] The Merry Prankster, as Kesey was known, has arguably left the most indelible imprint of any cultural icon in his hometown. He is best known as the author of One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest and as the male protagonist in Tom Wolfe's The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test.[89]

In 2005, the city council unanimously approved a new slogan for the city: "World's Greatest City for the Arts & Outdoors". While Eugene has a vibrant arts community for a city its size, and is well situated near many outdoor opportunities, this slogan was frequently criticized by locals as embarrassing and ludicrous.[90] In early 2010, the slogan was changed to "A Great City for the Arts & Outdoors."

Eugene's Saturday Market, open every Saturday from April through November,[91] was founded in 1970 as the first "Saturday Market" in the United States.[92] It is adjacent to the Lane County Farmer's Market in downtown Eugene. All vendors must create or grow all their own products. The market reappears as the "Holiday Market" between Thanksgiving and New Year's in the Lane County Events Center at the fairgrounds.

Community edit

Eugene is noted for its "community inventiveness." Many U.S. trends in community development originated in Eugene. The University of Oregon's participatory planning process, known as The Oregon Experiment, was the result of student protests in the early 1970s. The book of the same name is a major document in modern enlightenment thinking in planning and architectural circles. The process, still used by the university in modified form, was created by Christopher Alexander, whose works also directly inspired the creation of the Wiki. Some research for the book A Pattern Language, which inspired the Design Patterns movement and Extreme Programming, was done by Alexander in Eugene. Not coincidentally, those engineering movements also had origins here. Decades after its publication, A Pattern Language is still one of the best-selling books on urban design.[93]

In the 1970s, Eugene was packed with cooperative and community projects. It still has small natural food stores in many neighborhoods, some of the oldest student cooperatives in the country, and alternative schools have been part of the school district since 1971. The old Grower's Market, downtown near the Amtrak depot, is the only food cooperative in the U.S. with no employees. It is possible to see Eugene's trend-setting non-profit tendencies in much newer projects, such as Square One Villages and the Center for Appropriate Transport. In 2006, an initiative began to create a tenant-run development process for downtown Eugene.

In the fall of 2003, neighbors noticed "an unassuming two-acre remnant orchard tucked into the Friendly Area Neighborhood"[94] had been put up for sale by its owner, a resident of New York City.[95] Learning a prospective buyer had plans to build several houses on the property, they formed a nonprofit organization called Madison Meadow[96][97] in June 2004 in order to buy the property and "preserve it as undeveloped space in perpetuity."[96] In 2007 their effort was named Third Best Community Effort by the Eugene Weekly,[98] and by the end of 2008 they had raised enough money to purchase the property.[94]

The City of Eugene has an active Neighborhood Program. Several neighborhoods are known for their green activism. Friendly Neighborhood has a highly popular neighborhood garden established on the right of way of a street never built. There are a number of community gardens on public property. Amazon Neighborhood has a former church turned into a community center. Whiteaker hosts a housing co-op that dates from the early 1970s that has re-purposed both their parking lots into food production and play space. An unusual eco-village with natural building techniques and large shared garden can be found in Jefferson Westside neighborhood. A several block area in the River Road Neighborhood is known as a permaculture hotspot with an increasing number of suburban homes trading grass for garden, installing rain water catchment systems, food producing landscapes and solar retrofits. Several sites have planted gardens by removing driveways. Citizen volunteers are working with the City of Eugene to restore a 65-tree filbert grove on public property. There are deepening social and economic networks in the neighborhood.

Annual cultural events edit

  • Asian Celebration,[99] presented by the Asian Council of Eugene and Springfield, takes place in late July at Alton Baker Park. The festival was changed to an outdoor venue after the start of the COVID-19 Pandemic.
  • The KLCC Microbrew Festival[100] is held in February at the Lane County Fairgrounds. It provides participants with an introduction to a large range of microbrewery and craft beers, which play an important role in Pacific Northwest culture and the economy.[101][100]
  • Mount Pisgah Arboretum, which resides at the base of Mount Pisgah, holds a Wildflower Festival in May and a Mushroom Festival and Plant Sale in October.[102]
  • Oregon Festival of American Music,[103] or OFAM is held annually in the early summer.
  • The Oregon Bach Festival is a major international festival in July,[104] hosted by the University of Oregon.[105]
  • The nonprofit Oregon Country Fair[106] takes place in July in nearby Veneta.
  • The Lane County Fair[107] occurs in July at the Lane County Fairgrounds.
  • The Eugene/Springfield Pride Festival[108] is held annually on the second Saturday in August from noon to 7:00 p.m. at Alton Baker Park. A part of Eugene LGBT culture since 1993, it provides a lighthearted and supportive social venue for the LGBT community, families, and friends.
  • Eugene Celebration[109] is a three-day block party that usually takes place in the downtown area in August or September. The SLUG Queen coronation in August, a pageant with a campy spin, crowns a new SLUG Queen who "rains" over the Eugene Celebration Parade and is an unofficial ambassador of Eugene.[110]

Museums edit

Eugene museums include the University of Oregon's Jordan Schnitzer Museum of Art and Museum of Natural and Cultural History, the Oregon Air and Space Museum, Lane County History Museum,[111] Maude Kerns Art Center, Shelton McMurphey Johnson House, and the Eugene Science Center.

Performing arts edit

 
The Hult Center for the Performing Arts

Eugene is home to numerous cultural organizations, including the Eugene Symphony (whose previous music directors include Marin Alsop, Giancarlo Guerrero, and Miguel Harth-Bedoya); the Eugene Ballet, a professional full-time touring company; the Eugene Opera, the Eugene Concert Choir, the Bushnell University Community Choir, the Oregon Mozart Players, the Oregon Bach Festival, the Oregon Children's Choir, the Eugene-Springfield Youth Orchestras, Ballet Fantastique and Oregon Festival of American Music. Principal performing arts venues include the Hult Center for the Performing Arts, The John G. Shedd Institute for the Arts ("The Shedd"), the McDonald Theatre, and W.O.W. Hall.

The University of Oregon School of Music and Dance also attracts world class performers and teaching artists throughout the year, many of whom perform at Beall Concert Hall. The university campus also frequently hosts performances at Matthew Knight Arena and the Erb Memorial Union ballroom.

A number of live theater groups are based in Eugene, including Free Shakespeare in the Park, Oregon Contemporary Theatre, The Very Little Theatre, Actors Cabaret, LCC Theatre, Rose Children's Theatre, and University Theatre.[112] Each has its own performance venue.

Music edit

Main article: Music of Oregon § Eugene

Because of its status as a college town, Eugene has been home to many music genres, musicians and bands, ranging from electronic dance music such as dubstep and drum and bass to garage rock, hip hop, folk and heavy metal. Eugene also has growing reggae and street-performing bluegrass and jug band scenes. Multi-genre act the Cherry Poppin' Daddies became a prominent figure in Eugene's music scene and became the house band at Eugene's W.O.W. Hall. In the late 1990s, their contributions to the swing revival movement propelled them to national stardom. Rock band Floater originated in Eugene as did the Robert Cray blues band. Doom metal band YOB is among the leaders of the Eugene heavy music scene.

Eugene is home to "Classical Gas" Composer and two-time Grammy award winner Mason Williams who spent his years as a youth living between his parents in Oakridge, Oregon and Oklahoma. Mason Williams puts on a yearly Christmas show at the Hult center for performing arts with a full orchestra produced by author, audio engineer and University of Oregon professor Don Latarski.[113]

Dick Hyman, noted jazz pianist and musical director for many of Woody Allen's films, designs and hosts the annual Now Hear This! jazz festival at the Oregon Festival of American Music (OFAM). OFAM and the Hult Center routinely draw major jazz talent for concerts.[114][115]

Eugene is also home to a large Zimbabwean music community. Kutsinhira Cultural Arts Center, which is "dedicated to the music and people of Zimbabwe," is based in Eugene.

Visual arts edit

Eugene's visual arts community is supported by over 20 private art galleries and several organizations, including Maude Kerns Art Center,[116] Lane Arts Council,[117] DIVA (the Downtown Initiative for the Visual Arts) and the Eugene Glass School.

In 2015 installations from a group of Eugene-based artists known as Light At Play were showcased in several events around the world as part of the International Year of Light, including displays at the Smithsonian and the National Academy of Sciences.[118][119]

Film edit

The Eugene area has been used as a filming location for several Hollywood films, most famously for 1978's National Lampoon's Animal House, which was also filmed in nearby Cottage Grove. John Belushi had the idea for the film The Blues Brothers during filming of Animal House when he happened to meet Curtis Salgado at what was then the Eugene Hotel.[120]

Getting Straight, starring Elliott Gould and Candice Bergen, was filmed at Lane Community College in 1969. As the campus was still under construction at the time, the "occupation scenes" were easier to shoot.[121]

The "Chicken Salad on Toast" scene in the 1970 Jack Nicholson movie Five Easy Pieces was filmed at the Denny's restaurant at the southern I-5 freeway interchange near Glenwood. Nicholson directed the 1971 film Drive, He Said in Eugene.

How to Beat the High Cost of Living, starring Jane Curtin, Jessica Lange and Susan St. James, was filmed in Eugene in the fall of 1979. Locations visible in the film include Valley River Center (which is a driving force in the plot), Skinner Butte and Ya-Po-Ah Terrace, the Willamette River and River Road Hardware.

Several track and field movies have used Eugene as a setting and/or a filming location. Personal Best, starring Mariel Hemingway, was filmed in Eugene in 1982. The film centered on a group of women who are trying to qualify for the Olympic track and field team. Two track and field movies about the life of Steve Prefontaine, Prefontaine and Without Limits, were released within a year of each other in 1997–1998. Kenny Moore, Eugene-trained Olympic runner and co-star in Prefontaine, co-wrote the screenplay for Without Limits. Prefontaine was filmed in Washington because the Without Limits production bought out Hayward Field for the summer to prevent its competition from shooting there.[122] Kenny Moore also wrote a biography of Bill Bowerman, played in Without Limits by Donald Sutherland back in Eugene 20 years after he had appeared in Animal House. Moore had also had a role in Personal Best.

Stealing Time, a 2003 independent film, was partially filmed in Eugene. When the film premiered in June 2001 at the Seattle International Film Festival, it was titled Rennie's Landing after a popular bar near the University of Oregon campus. The title was changed for its DVD release. Zerophilia was filmed in Eugene in 2006.

The 2016 Tracktown was about a distance runner training for the Olympics in Eugene.

Religion edit

Religious institutions of higher learning in Eugene include Bushnell University and New Hope Christian College. Bushnell University (formerly Northwest Christian University), founded in 1895, has ties with the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ). New Hope Christian College (formerly Eugene Bible College) originated with the Bible Standard Conference in 1915, which joined with Open Bible Evangelistic Association to create Open Bible Standard Churches in 1932. Eugene Bible College was started from this movement by Fred Hornshuh in 1925.[123]

There are two Eastern Orthodox Church parishes in Eugene: St John the Wonderworker Orthodox Christian Church in the Historic Whiteaker Neighborhood[124][125] and Saint George Greek Orthodox Church.[126]

There are six Roman Catholic parishes in Eugene as well: St. Mary Catholic Church,[127] St. Jude Catholic Church, St. Mark Catholic Church, St. Peter Catholic Church, St. Paul Catholic Church, and St. Thomas More Catholic Church.[128]

Eugene also has a Ukrainian Catholic Church named Nativity of the Mother of God.[129]

There is a mainline Protestant contingency in the city as well—such as the largest of the Lutheran Churches, Central Lutheran[130] near the U of O Campus and the Episcopal Church of the Resurrection.[131]

The Eugene area has a sizeable LDS Church presence, with three stakes, consisting of 23 congregations (wards and branches).[132] The Church of Jesus Christ announced plans in April 2020 to build a temple in Eugene.[133]

The greater Eugene-Springfield area also has a Jehovah's Witnesses presence with five Kingdom Halls, several having multiple congregations in one Kingdom Hall.

The Reconstructionist Temple Beth Israel is Eugene's largest Jewish congregation.[134] It was also, for many decades, Eugene's only synagogue,[135][136] until Orthodox members broke away in 1992 and formed "Congregation Ahavas Torah".[137][138]

Eugene has a community of some 140 Sikhs, who have established a Sikh temple.[139]

The 340-member congregation of the Unitarian Universalist Church in Eugene (UUCE)[140] purchased the former Eugene Scottish Rite Temple in May 2010, renovated it, and began services there in September 2012.

Saraha Nyingma Buddhist Temple in Eugene[141] opened in 2012 in the former site of the Unitarian Universalist Church.

The First Congregational Church, UCC is a large progressive Christian Church with a long history of justice focused ministries and a very active membership. Three years ago, the congregation coordinated with the Connections Program of the St Vincent DePaul organization to provide transitional homes for two unhoused families on the church's property. Through life - skills support and training and a more stable housing situation these families are then able to make their way into independent living.[142]

Sports edit

 
"Welcome to Track Town USA" sign in Eugene

Eugene markets itself as "Track Town USA".[143] There are close links between the University of Oregon's successful track & field program, the Oregon Track Club, and Nike, Inc, who were founded by University of Oregon track athlete Phil Knight and his coach, Bill Bowerman.[144][145]

Eugene's miles of running trails, through its unusually large park system, are among the most extensive in the U.S.[citation needed] Notable trails include Pre's Trail in Alton Baker Park, Rexius Trail, the Adidas Oregon Trail, and the Ridgeline Trail. There is also an extensive network of trails along the Willamette River that reaches into neighboring Springfield, as well as along Amazon Creek in the southern and western parts of town.

Jogging was introduced to the U.S. through Eugene, brought from New Zealand by Bill Bowerman, who wrote the best-selling book "Jogging", and coached the champion University of Oregon track and cross country teams. During Bowerman's tenure, his "Men of Oregon" won 24 individual NCAA titles, including titles in 15 out of the 19 events contested. During Bowerman's 24 years at Oregon, his track teams finished in the top ten at the NCAA championships 16 times, including four team titles (1962, '64, '65, '70), and two second-place trophies. His teams also posted a dual meet record of 114–20.

Bowerman also invented the waffle sole for running shoes in Eugene, and with Oregon alumnus Phil Knight founded shoe giant Nike. The city has dozens of running clubs. The climate is cool and temperate, good both for jogging and record-setting. Eugene is home to the University of Oregon's Hayward Field track, which hosts numerous collegiate and amateur track and field meets throughout the year, most notably the Prefontaine Classic. Hayward Field was host to the 2004 AAU Junior Olympic Games, the 1989 World Masters Athletics Championships, the track and field events of the 1998 World Masters Games, the 2006 Pacific-10 track and field championships, the 1971, 1975, 1986, 1993, 1999, 2001, 2009, and 2011 USA Track & Field Outdoor Championships and the 1972, 1976, 1980, 2008, 2012, and 2016 U.S. Olympic trials. Eugene is the host of the delayed 2021 World Athletics Championships.[146] The city bid for the 2019 event but lost narrowly to Doha, Qatar.

Eugene's Oregon Ducks are part of the Pac-12 Conference (Pac-12). American football is especially popular, with intense rivalries between the Ducks and both the Oregon State University Beavers and the University of Washington Huskies.[147] Autzen Stadium is home to Duck football, with a seating capacity of 54,000 but has had over 60,000 with standing room only.[148] The basketball arena, McArthur Court, was built in 1926.[149] The arena was replaced by the Matthew Knight Arena in late 2010.[150]

The Nationwide Tour's golfing event Oregon Classic takes place at Shadow Hills Country Club, just north of Eugene. The event has been played every year since 1998, except in 2001 when it was slated to begin the day after the 9/11 terrorist attacks. The top 20 players from the Nationwide Tour are promoted to the PGA Tour for the following year.[151]

Eugene is also home to the Eugene Emeralds, a short-season Class A minor-league baseball team. The "Ems" play their home games in PK Park, also the home of the University of Oregon baseball team. The Eugene Jr. Generals, a Tier III Junior "A" ice hockey team belonging to the Northern Pacific Hockey League (NPHL) consisting of 8 teams throughout Oregon and Washington, plays at the Lane County Ice Center. Lane United FC, a soccer club that participates in the Northwest Division of USL League Two, was founded in 2013 and plays its home games at Civic Park.

The following table lists some sports clubs in Eugene and their usual home venue:

Club Sport Founded League Venue
University of Oregon Ducks Football, Basketball, Track and Field, Softball, Volleyball, Golf, Tennis, Baseball, Lacrosse, Ice hockey, Soccer, Ultimate 1876 National Collegiate Athletic Association: Pac-12 Conference Autzen Stadium, Matthew Knight Arena, PK Park, Hayward Field
Bushnell University Beacons Baseball, Basketball, Beach Volleyball, Cross Country, Distance Track, Golf, Soccer, Softball, Volleyball 1895 National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics, Cascade Collegiate Conference Morse Event Center
New Hope Christian College Deacons Basketball, Soccer, Volleyball 1925 Rexius Event Center
Eugene Emeralds Baseball 1955 Northwest League PK Park
Lane Community College Titans Basketball, Cross Country, Track and Field, Soccer, Baseball 1965 Northwest Athletic Association of Community Colleges Lane Community College
Eugene Gentlemen Rugby 1973 Pacific Northwest Rugby Football Union
Eugene Chargers Basketball 2006 International Basketball League Morse Event Center
Eugene Generals Ice hockey 2005 Junior A Tier III-League Hockey: Northern Pacific Hockey League Lane County Ice Center
Lane United FC Soccer 2013 USL League Two Civic Park

Parks and recreation edit

 
Hendricks Park

Spencer Butte Park at the southern edge of town provides access to Spencer Butte, a dominant feature of Eugene's skyline. Hendricks Park, situated on a knoll to the east of downtown, is known for its rhododendron garden and nearby memorial to Steve Prefontaine, known as Pre's Rock, where the legendary University of Oregon runner was killed in an auto accident. Alton Baker Park, next to the Willamette River, contains Pre's Trail. Also next to the Willamette are Skinner Butte Park[152] and the Owen Memorial Rose Garden, which contains more than 4,500 roses of over 400 varieties,[153] as well as the 150-year-old Black Tartarian Cherry tree,[154] an Oregon Heritage Tree.[155]

The city of Eugene maintains an urban forest. The University of Oregon campus is an arboretum, with over 500 species of trees. The city operates and maintains scenic hiking trails that pass through and across the ridges of a cluster of hills in the southern portion of the city, on the fringe of residential neighborhoods. Some trails allow biking, and others are for hikers and runners only.

The nearest ski resort, Willamette Pass, is one hour from Eugene by car. On the way, along Oregon Route 58, are several reservoirs and lakes, the Oakridge mountain bike trails, hot springs, and waterfalls within Willamette National Forest. Eugene residents also frequent the Hoodoo and Mount Bachelor ski resorts. The Three Sisters Wilderness, the Oregon Dunes National Recreation Area, and Smith Rock are just a short drive away.

Government edit

In 1944, Eugene adopted a council–manager form of government, replacing the day-to-day management of city affairs by the part-time mayor and volunteer city council with a full-time professional city manager. The subsequent history of Eugene city government has largely been one of the dynamics—often contentious—between the city manager, the mayor and city council.

According to statute, all Eugene and Lane County elections are officially non-partisan, with a primary containing all candidates in May. If a candidate gets more than 50% of the vote in the primary, they win the election outright, otherwise the top two candidates face off in a November runoff. This allows candidates to win seats during the lower-turnout primary election.

The mayor of Eugene is Lucy Vinis, who has been in office since winning the popular vote in May 2016, and who was re-elected in May 2020. Recent mayors include Edwin Cone (1958–69), Les Anderson (1969–77) Gus Keller (1977–84), Brian Obie (1985–88), Jeff Miller (1989–92), Ruth Bascom (1993–96), Jim Torrey (1997–2004) and Kitty Piercy (2005-2017).

Eugene City Council edit

Mayor: Lucy Vinis

  • Ward 1 – Emily Semple
  • Ward 2 – Matt Keating
  • Ward 3 – Alan Zelenka
  • Ward 4 – Jennifer Yeh
  • Ward 5 – Mike Clark
  • Ward 6 – Greg Evans
  • Ward 7 – Lyndsey Leech
  • Ward 8 – Randy Groves[156]

Public safety edit

The Eugene Police Department is the city's law enforcement and public safety agency.[157] The Lane County Sheriff's Office also has its headquarters in Eugene.[158]

The University of Oregon is served by the University of Oregon Police Department,[159][160] and Eugene Police Department also has a police station in the West University District near campus. Lane Community College is served by the Lane Community College Public Safety Department.[161] The Oregon State Police have a presence in the rural areas and highways around the Eugene metro area.[162] The LTD downtown station, and the EmX lines are patrolled by LTD Transit Officers. Since 1989 the mental health crisis intervention non-governmental agency CAHOOTS has responded to Eugene's mental health 911 calls.[163][164]

Eugene-Springfield Fire Department is the agency responsible for emergency medical services, fire suppression, HAZMAT operations and water/Confined spaces rescues in the combined Eugene-Springfield metropolitan area.[165]

Eugene used to have an ordinance which prohibited car horn usage for non-driving purposes. After several residents were cited for this offense during the anti-Gulf War demonstrations in January 1991, the city was taken to court and in 1992 the Oregon Court of Appeals overturned the ordinance, finding it unconstitutionally vague.[166] Eugene City Hall was abandoned in 2012 for reasons of structural integrity, energy efficiency, and obsolete size. Various offices of city government became tenants in eight other buildings.

Politics edit

Being the largest city by far in Lane County, Eugene's voters almost always decide the county's partisan tilt. While Eugene has historically been a counter-culture-heavy and left-leaning college town, the county's partisan leanings have intensified in recent decades, mirroring the general polarization of Oregon voters along urban (pro-Democratic) and rural (pro-Republican) lines.[167]

Lane County voted for Bernie Sanders over eventual 2016 nominee Hillary Clinton by 60.6-38.1%, and Eugene offered Sanders an even larger share of its vote.[168]

Education edit

Tertiary education edit

 
Johnson Hall, University of Oregon

Eugene is home to the University of Oregon. Other institutions of higher learning include Bushnell University, Lane Community College, New Hope Christian College, Gutenberg College, and Pacific University's Eugene campus.

All of Lane County is in the Lane Community College district.[169]

Schools edit

The Eugene School District covers around 85% of the Eugene city limits.[170] The remainder of Eugene's northwestern neighborhoods are in the Bethel School District.[171]

The Eugene School District includes four full-service high schools (Churchill, North Eugene, Sheldon, and South Eugene) and many alternative education programs, such as international schools and charter schools. Foreign language immersion programs in the district are available in Spanish, French, Chinese, and Japanese.

The Bethel School District serves children in the Bethel neighborhood on the northwest edge of Eugene. The district is home to the traditional Willamette High School and the alternative Kalapuya High School. There are 11 schools in this district.

Eugene also has several private schools, including the Eugene Waldorf School,[172] the Outdoor High School, Eugene Montessori, Far Horizon Montessori, Eugene Sudbury School,[173] Wellsprings Friends School,[174] Oak Hill School,[175] and The Little French School.[176]

Parochial schools in Eugene include Marist Catholic High School, O'Hara Catholic Elementary School, Eugene Christian School, and St. Paul Parish School.[177]

Libraries edit

 
The Eugene Public Library

The largest library in Oregon is the University of Oregon's Knight Library, with collections totaling more than 3 million volumes and over 100,000 audio and video items.[178] The Eugene Public Library[179] moved into a new, larger building downtown in 2002. The four-story library is an increase from 38,000 to 130,000 square feet (3,500 to 12,100 m2).[180] There are also two branches of the Eugene Public Library, the Sheldon Branch Library in the neighborhood of Cal Young/Sheldon, and the Bethel Branch Library, in the neighborhood of Bethel. Eugene also has the Lane County Law Library.

Media edit

Print edit

 
The Register-Guard building

The largest newspaper serving the area is The Register-Guard, a daily newspaper with a circulation of about 70,000, published independently by the Baker family of Eugene until 2018, before being acquired by GateHouse Media, (now owned by Gannett Company).[181] Other newspapers serving the area include the Eugene Weekly, the Emerald, the student-run independent newspaper at the University of Oregon, now published on Mondays and Thursdays;The Torch, the student-run newspaper at Lane Community College, the Ignite, the newspaper at New Hope Christian College and The Beacon Bolt, the student-run newspaper at Bushnell University. Eugene Magazine, Lifestyle Quarterly, Eugene Living, and Sustainable Home and Garden magazines also serve the area. Adelante Latino is a Spanish language newspaper in Eugene that serves all of Lane County.

Television edit

Local television stations include KMTR (NBC/The CW), KVAL (CBS), KLSR-TV (Fox), KEVU-CD, KEZI (ABC), KEPB (PBS), and KTVC (independent).

Radio edit

The local NPR affiliates are KOPB, and KLCC. Radio station KRVM-AM is an affiliate of Jefferson Public Radio, based at Southern Oregon University. The Pacifica Radio affiliate is the University of Oregon student-run radio station, KWVA. Additionally, the community supports two other radio stations: KWAX (classical) and KRVM-FM (alternative).

AM stations

  • KOAC 550 Corvallis – NPR News/Talk (Oregon Public Broadcasting)
  • KUGN 590 Eugene – NEWS/TALK (Cumulus)
  • KXOR 660 Junction City – Spanish Religious (Zion Media)
  • KKNX 840 Eugene – Classic Hits (Mielke Broadcasting)
  • KORE 1050 Springfield – FOX Sports Radio
  • KPNW 1120 Eugene – NEWS/TALK (Bicostal Media)
  • KRVM 1280 Eugene – NPR News/Talk (Eugene School District) (JPR affiliate)
  • KNND 1400 Cottage Grove – Classic Country (Reiten Communications Inc)
  • KEED 1450 Eugene – Classic Country (Mielke Broadcasting)
  • KOPB 1600 Eugene – NPR News/Talk (Oregon Public Broadcasting)

FM stations

  • KWVA 88.1 Eugene – Freeform (University of Oregon)
  • KPIJ 88.5 Junction City – Christian (Calvary Satellite Network) (Calvary Chapel)
  • KQFE 88.9 Springfield – Christian (Family Radio)
  • KLCC 89.7 Eugene – NPR News/Talk/Jazz (Lane Community College)
  • KWAX 91.1 Eugene – Classical (University of Oregon)
  • KRVM 91.9 Eugene – Adult Album Alternative (AAA) (Eugene School District)
  • KKNU 93.3 Springfield – Country (McKenzie River Broadcasting)
  • KMGE 94.5 Eugene – Adult Contemporary (McKenzie River Broadcasting)
  • KUJZ 95.3 Creswell – Sports (Cumulus)
  • KZEL 96.1 Eugene – Classic Rock (Cumulus)
  • KEPW-LP 97.3 Eugene - PeaceWorks Community Radio (Eugene PeaceWorks)
  • KEQB 97.7 Coburg - Regional Mexican (McKenzie River Broadcasting)
  • KODZ 99.1 Eugene – '90s/'00s Hits (Bicoastal Media)
  • KRKT 99.9 Albany – Country (Bicoastal Media)
  • KMME 100.5 Cottage Grove – Catholic Program (Catholic Radio Northwest)
  • KFLY 101.5 Corvallis - Country (Bicoastal Media)
  • KEHK 102.3 Brownsville – Hot Adult Contemporary (Cumulus)
  • KNRQ 103.7 Harrisburg – Alternative Rock (Cumulus)
  • KDUK 104.7 Florence – Top 40 (CHR) (Bicoastal Media)
  • KEUG 105.5 Veneta – Adult Hits (McKenzie River Broadcasting)
  • KLOO 106.3 Corvallis – Classic Rock (Bicoastal Media)
  • KLVU 107.1 Sweet Home – Contemporary Christian Music (K-LOVE) Educational Media Foundation
  • KHPE 107.9 Albany – Contemporary Christian Music (Extra Mile Media)

Infrastructure edit

Transportation edit

Bus edit

 
Lane Transit District's Eugene Station

Lane Transit District (LTD), a public transportation agency formed in 1970, covers 240 square miles (620 km2) of Lane County, including Creswell, Cottage Grove, Junction City, Veneta, and Blue River. Operating more than 90 buses during peak hours, LTD carries riders on 3.7 million trips every year. LTD also operates a bus rapid transit line that runs between Eugene and Springfield—Emerald Express (EmX)—much of which runs in its own lane, with stations providing for off-board fare payment. LTD's main terminus in Eugene is at the Eugene Station. LTD also offers paratransit.

Greyhound Lines provides service between Los Angeles and Portland on the I-5 corridor.

Cycling edit

Cycling is popular in Eugene and many people commute via bicycle. Summertime events and festivals frequently have valet bicycle parking corrals that are often filled to capacity by three hundred or more bikes. Many people commute to work by bicycle every month of the year. PeaceHealth Rides, a bike share system formerly operated by Uber subsidiary JUMP, and currently operated by non-profit Cascadia Mobility, offers 300 city-owned bicycles available to the public for a small fee. Bike trails take commuting and recreational bikers along the Willamette River past a scenic rose garden, along Amazon Creek, through the downtown, and through the University of Oregon campus. Eugene is close to many popular mountain bike trails, and Disciples of Dirt is the local mountain bike club that organizes group rides and promotes trail stewardship.[182]

 
The North Bank Bike Path is a popular trail for cyclists.

In 2009, the League of American Bicyclists cited Eugene as 1 of 10 "Gold-level" cities in the U.S. because of its "remarkable commitments to bicycling."[183][184][185] In 2010, Bicycling magazine named Eugene the 5th most bike-friendly city in America.[186][187] The U.S. Census Bureau's annual American Community Survey reported that Eugene had a bicycle commuting mode share of 7.3% in 2011, the fifth highest percentage nationwide among U.S. cities with 65,000 people or more, and 13 times higher than the national average of 0.56%.[188]

Rail edit

The 1908 Amtrak depot downtown was restored in 2004; it is the southern terminus for two daily runs of the Amtrak Cascades, and a stop along the route in each direction for the daily Coast Starlight.

Air travel edit

Air travel is served by the Eugene Airport, also known as Mahlon Sweet Field, which is the fifth largest airport in the Northwest and second largest airport in Oregon. The Eugene Metro area also has numerous private airports.[189] The Eugene Metro area also has several heliports, such as the Sacred Heart Medical Center Heliport and Mahlon Sweet Field Heliport, and many single helipads.

Highways edit

Highways traveling within and through Eugene include:

  • Interstate 5: Interstate 5 forms much of the eastern city limit, acting as an effective, though unofficial boundary between Eugene and Springfield. To the north, I-5 leads to the Willamette Valley and Portland. To the south, I-5 leads to Roseburg, Medford, and the southwestern portion of the state. In full, Interstate 5 continues north to the Canada–US border at Blaine, Washington and Vancouver, British Columbia and extends south to the Mexico–US border at Tijuana and San Diego.
  • Officer Chris Kilcullen Memorial Highway: Oregon Route 126 is routed along the Eugene-Springfield Highway, a limited-access freeway. The Eugene portion of this highway begins at an interchange with Interstate 5 and ends two miles (3.2 km) west at a freeway terminus. This portion of Oregon Route 126 is also signed Interstate 105, a spur route of Interstate 5. Oregon Route 126 continues west, a portion shared with Oregon Route 99, and continues west to Florence. Eastward, Oregon Route 126 crosses the Cascades and leads to central and eastern Oregon.
  • Randy Papé Beltline: Beltline is a limited-access freeway which runs along the northern and western edges of incorporated Eugene.
  • Delta Highway: The Delta Highway forms a connector of less than 2 miles (3.2 km) between Interstate 105 and Beltline Highway.
  • Oregon Route 99: Oregon Route 99 forks off Interstate 5 south of Eugene, and forms a major surface artery in Eugene. It continues north into the Willamette valley, parallel to I-5. It is sometimes called the "scenic route" since it has a great view of the Coast Range and also stretches through many scenic farmlands of the Willamette Valley.

Utilities edit

Eugene is the home of Oregon's largest publicly owned water and power utility, the Eugene Water & Electric Board (EWEB). EWEB got its start in the first decade of the 20th century, after an epidemic of typhoid found in the groundwater supply.[190] The City of Eugene condemned Eugene's private water utility and began treating river water (first the Willamette; later the McKenzie) for domestic use. EWEB got into the electric business when power was needed for the water pumps. Excess electricity generated by the EWEB's hydropower plants was used for street lighting.

Natural gas service is provided by NW Natural.

Wastewater treatment services are provided by the Metropolitan Wastewater Management Commission, a partnership between the Cities of Eugene and Springfield and Lane County.

Healthcare edit

Three hospitals serve the Eugene-Springfield area. Sacred Heart Medical Center University District is the only one within Eugene city limits. McKenzie-Willamette Medical Center and Sacred Heart Medical Center at RiverBend are in Springfield. Oregon Medical Group, a primary care based multi-specialty group, operates several clinics in Eugene,[191] as does PeaceHealth Medical Group.[192] White Bird Clinic provides a broad range of health and human services, including low-cost clinics.[193][194] The Volunteers in Medicine & Occupy Medical clinics provide free medical and mental care to low-income adults without health insurance.[195][196]

Eugene is one of the few municipalities in the US that does not fluoridate its water supply.[197]

In popular culture edit

Notable people edit

Main article: List of people from Eugene, Oregon

Sister cities edit

Eugene has four sister cities:[201]

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the highest and lowest temperature readings during an entire month or year) calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020.

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Further reading edit

  • Stan Bettis, Market Days; An Informal History of the Eugene Producers' Public Market. Eugene, OR: Lane Pomona Grange Fraternal Society, 1969.
  • Anderson, Wendell (2002). Eugene-Springfield: a contemporary portrait (1st ed.). Montgomery, Ala.: Community Communications. ISBN 1-58192-055-5. OCLC 50612315.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Eugene, Oregon.
 
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Eugene, Oregon.
  • Official website
  • Entry for Eugene in the Oregon Blue Book
  • Eugene Register-Guard, Google news archive. —PDFs for 35,126 issues, dating from 1867 through 2008.
  • "Eugene" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). 1911.
  • "Eugene, Oregon". C-SPAN Cities Tour. June 2017.

May 08, 2024
eugene, oregon, eugene, jeen, city, county, seat, lane, county, oregon, united, states, located, southern, willamette, valley, near, confluence, mckenzie, willamette, rivers, about, miles, east, oregon, coast, cityclockwise, from, panorama, taken, from, skinne. Eugene j uː ˈ dʒ iː n yoo JEEN is a city in and the county seat of Lane County Oregon United States It is located at the southern end of the Willamette Valley near the confluence of the McKenzie and Willamette rivers about 50 miles 80 km east of the Oregon Coast 9 Eugene OregonCityClockwise from top Panorama taken from Skinner Butte the Lane County Farmers Market Whilamut Passage Bridge University of Oregon Autzen StadiumSealNicknames Emerald Valley The Emerald City Track Town USAMotto s A Great City for the Arts and OutdoorsInteractive map of EugeneEugene OregonShow map of OregonEugene OregonShow map of the United StatesEugene OregonShow map of North AmericaCoordinates 44 3 8 N 123 5 33 W 44 05222 N 123 09250 W 44 05222 123 09250Country United StatesState OregonCountyLaneFounded1846IncorporatedOctober 17 1862Government TypeCouncil manager MayorLucy Vinis D City managerSarah Medary citation needed Area 1 City44 29 sq mi 114 70 km2 Land44 22 sq mi 114 52 km2 Water0 07 sq mi 0 18 km2 Elevation 3 413 ft 126 m Population 2020 4 City176 654 RankUS 155th Density3 995 07 sq mi 1 542 50 km2 Urban270 179 US 151st 2 Urban density3 676 6 sq mi 1 419 6 km2 Metro382 971 US 146th Demonym s Eugenean Eugenian Eugenite 5 6 7 8 Time zoneUTC 08 00 PST Summer DST UTC 07 00 PDT ZIP Codes97401 97405 97408 97440Area code s 458 and 541FIPS code41 23850GNIS feature ID2410460 3 Websitewww wbr eugene or wbr gov The second most populous city in Oregon Eugene had a population of 176 654 as of the 2020 United States census 10 and it covers city area of 44 21 sq mi 114 5 km2 The Eugene Springfield metropolitan statistical area is the second largest in Oregon after Portland 11 In 2022 Eugene s population was estimated to have reached 179 887 Eugene is home to the University of Oregon Bushnell University and Lane Community College 12 13 14 The city is noted for its natural environment recreational opportunities especially bicycling running jogging rafting and kayaking and focus on the arts along with its history of civil unrest riots and green activism Eugene s official slogan is A Great City for the Arts and Outdoors 15 It is also referred to as the Emerald City and as Track Town USA 16 The Nike corporation had its beginnings in Eugene 17 In July 2022 the city hosted the 18th World Athletics Championship 18 Contents 1 History 1 1 Indigenous presence 1 2 Settlement and impact 1 3 Educational institutions 1 4 Twentieth century 1 5 Activism 2 Geography 2 1 Neighborhoods 2 2 Climate 2 2 1 Air quality and allergies 3 Demographics 3 1 2020 census 3 2 2010 census 3 3 2000 census 4 Economy 4 1 Top employers 4 2 Homelessness 5 Arts and culture 5 1 Community 5 2 Annual cultural events 5 3 Museums 5 4 Performing arts 5 4 1 Music 5 5 Visual arts 5 5 1 Film 5 6 Religion 6 Sports 7 Parks and recreation 8 Government 8 1 Eugene City Council 8 2 Public safety 8 3 Politics 9 Education 9 1 Tertiary education 9 2 Schools 9 3 Libraries 10 Media 10 1 Print 10 2 Television 10 3 Radio 11 Infrastructure 11 1 Transportation 11 1 1 Bus 11 1 2 Cycling 11 1 3 Rail 11 1 4 Air travel 11 1 5 Highways 11 2 Utilities 11 3 Healthcare 12 In popular culture 13 Notable people 14 Sister cities 15 See also 16 Notes 17 References 18 Further reading 19 External linksHistory editIndigenous presence edit The first people to settle in the Eugene area were the Kalapuyans also written Calapooia or Calapooya They made seasonal rounds moving around the countryside to collect and preserve local foods including acorns the bulbs of the wapato and camas plants and berries They stored these foods in their permanent winter village When crop activities waned they returned to their winter villages and took up hunting fishing and trading 19 20 They were known as the Chifin Kalapuyans and called the Eugene area where they lived Chifin sometimes recorded as Chafin or Chiffin 21 22 nbsp Camas flower Other Kalapuyan tribes occupied villages that are also now within Eugene city limits Pee you or Mohawk Calapooians Winefelly or Pleasant Hill Calapooians and the Lungtum or Long Tom They were close neighbors to the Chifin intermarried and were political allies Some authorities suggest the Brownsville Kalapuyans Calapooia Kalapuyans were related to the Pee you It is likely that since the Santiam had an alliance with the Brownsville Kalapuyans that the Santiam influence also went as far at Eugene 23 According to archeological evidence the ancestors of the Kalapuyans may have been in Eugene for as long as 10 000 years 24 In the 1800s their traditional way of life faced significant changes due to devastating epidemics and settlement first by French fur traders and later by an overwhelming number of American settlers 25 Settlement and impact edit nbsp Kalapuya man c 1840 French fur traders had settled seasonally in the Willamette Valley by the beginning of the 19th century Their settlements were concentrated in the French Prairie community in Northern Marion County but may have extended south to the Eugene area Having already developed relationships with Native communities through intermarriage and trade they negotiated for land from the Kalapuyans By 1828 to 1830 they and their Native wives began year round occupation of the land raising crops and tending animals In this process the mixed race families began to impact Native access to land food supply and traditional materials for trade and religious practices 26 In July 1830 intermittent fever struck the lower Columbia region and a year later the Willamette Valley Natives traced the arrival of the disease then new to the Pacific Northwest to the USS Owyhee captained by John Dominis Intermittent fever is thought by researchers now to be malaria 27 According to Robert T Boyd an anthropologist at Portland State University the first three years of the epidemic probably constitute the single most important epidemiological event in the recorded history of what would eventually become the state of Oregon In his book The Coming of the Spirit Pestilence Boyd reports there was a 92 population loss for the Kalapuyans between 1830 and 1841 28 This catastrophic event shattered the social fabric of Kalapuyan society and altered the demographic balance in the Valley This balance was further altered over the next few years by the arrival of Anglo American settlers beginning in 1840 with 13 people and growing steadily each year until within 20 years more than 11 000 American settlers including Eugene Skinner had arrived 29 As the demographic pressure from the settlers grew the remaining Kalapuyans were forcibly removed to Indian reservations Though some Natives avoided transfer into the reservation most were moved to the Grand Ronde reservation in 1856 30 31 Strict racial segregation was enforced and mixed race people known as Metis in French had to make a choice between the reservation and Anglo American society Native Americans could not leave the reservation without traveling papers and white people could not enter the reservation 32 nbsp Replica of Skinner s original cabin Eugene Franklin Skinner after whom Eugene is named arrived in the Willamette Valley in 1846 with 1 200 other settlers that year Advised by the Kalapuyans to build on high ground to avoid flooding he erected the first pioneer cabin 33 on south or west slope of what the Kalapuyans called Ya po ah The isolated hill is now known as Skinner s Butte 34 The cabin was used as a trading post and was registered as an official post office on January 8 1850 35 At this time the settlement was known by settlers as Skinner s Mudhole It was relocated in 1853 and named Eugene City in 1853 36 Formally incorporated as a city in 1862 it was named simply Eugene in 1889 37 36 Skinner ran a ferry service across the Willamette River where the Ferry Street Bridge now stands Educational institutions edit The first major educational institution in the area was Columbia College founded a few years earlier than the University of Oregon It fell victim to two major fires in four years and after the second fire the college decided not to rebuild again 38 The part of south Eugene known as College Hill was the former location of Columbia College There is no college there today 39 The town raised the initial funding to start a public university which later became the University of Oregon with the hope of turning the small town into a center of learning In 1872 the Legislative Assembly passed a bill creating the University of Oregon as a state institution Eugene bested the nearby town of Albany in the competition for the state university In 1873 community member J H D Henderson donated the hilltop land for the campus overlooking the city 40 The university first opened in 1876 with the regents electing the first faculty and naming John Wesley Johnson as president The first students registered on October 16 1876 The first building was completed in 1877 it was named Deady Hall in honor of the first Board of Regents President and community leader Judge Matthew P Deady 41 Other universities in Eugene include Bushnell University and New Hope Christian College Twentieth century edit nbsp Downtown Eugene in 1925 Eugene grew rapidly throughout most of the twentieth century with the exception being the early 1980s when a downturn in the timber industry caused high unemployment By 1985 the industry had recovered and Eugene began to attract more high tech industries earning it the moniker the Emerald Shire In 2012 Eugene and the surrounding metro area was dubbed the Silicon shire The first Nike shoe was used in 1972 during the US Olympic trials held in Eugene 42 Activism edit Main article Community activism in Eugene Oregon The 1970s saw an increase in community activism Local activists stopped a proposed freeway and lobbied for the construction of the Washington Jefferson Park beneath the Washington Jefferson Street Bridge Community Councils soon began to form as a result of these efforts 43 A notable impact of the turn to community organized politics came with Eugene Local Measure 51 a ballot measure in 1978 that repealed a gay rights ordinance approved by the Eugene City Council in 1977 that prohibited discrimination by sexual orientation Eugene is also home to Beyond Toxics a nonprofit environmental justice organization founded in 2000 44 One hotspot for protest activity since the 1990s has been the Whitaker district located in the northwest of downtown Eugene Whitaker is primarily a working class neighborhood that has become a cultural hub center of community and activism and home to alternative artists It saw an increase of activity in the 1990s after many young people drawn to Eugene s political climate relocated there 45 Animal rights groups have had a heavy presence in the Whiteaker and several vegan restaurants are located there According to David Samuels the Animal Liberation Front and the Earth Liberation Front have had an underground presence in the neighborhood 46 The neighborhood is home to a number of communal apartment buildings which are often organized by anarchist or environmentalist groups Local activists have also produced independent films and started art galleries community gardens and independent media outlets Copwatch Food Not Bombs and Critical Mass are also active in the neighborhood 47 Geography edit nbsp Spencer Butte can be seen from much of the city According to the United States Census Bureau the city has a total area of 43 74 square miles 113 29 km2 of which 43 72 square miles 113 23 km2 is land and 0 02 square miles 0 05 km2 is water 48 Eugene is at an elevation of 426 feet 130 m To the north of downtown is Skinner Butte Northeast of the city are the Coburg Hills Spencer Butte is a prominent landmark south of the city Mount Pisgah is southeast of Eugene and includes the Mount Pisgah Arboretum and the Howard Buford Recreation Area a Lane County Park Eugene is surrounded by foothills and forests to the south east and west while to the north the land levels out into the Willamette Valley and consists of mostly farmland The Willamette and McKenzie Rivers run through Eugene and its neighboring city Springfield Another important stream is Amazon Creek whose headwaters are near Spencer Butte The creek discharges into the Long Tom River north Fern Ridge Reservoir maintained for winter flood control by the Army Corps of Engineers The Eugene Yacht Club hosts a sailing school and sailing regattas at Fern Ridge during summer months 49 Neighborhoods edit Eugene has 23 50 neighborhood associations Active Bethel Citizens Amazon Neighbors Association Cal Young Neighborhood Association Churchill Area Neighbors Downtown Neighborhood Association Fairmount Neighbors Association Far West Neighborhood Association Friendly Area Neighbors Goodpasture Island Neighbors Harlow Industrial Corridor Community Organization Jefferson Westside Neighbors Laurel Hill Valley Citizens Northeast Neighbors River Road Community Santa Clara Community including Irving South University Neighborhood Association Southeast Neighbors Southwest Hills Neighborhood Association Trainsong Neighbors West Eugene Community West University Neighbors Whiteaker Community Council The River Road and Santa Clara sections which make up the northwestern part of the city are within the urban growth boundary and generally perceived as part of Eugene but are largely outside of the city limits Climate edit Like the rest of the Willamette Valley Eugene lies in the Marine West Coast climate zone with Mediterranean characteristics Under the Koppen climate classification scheme Eugene has a warm summer Mediterranean climate Koppen Csb Temperatures can vary from cool to warm with warm dry summers and cool wet winters Spring and fall are also moist seasons with light rain falling for long periods The average rainfall is 40 83 inches 1 040 mm with the wettest rain year being from July 1973 to June 1974 with 75 59 inches 1 920 0 mm and the driest from July 2000 to June 2001 with 20 40 inches 518 2 mm 51 Measurements taken by NOAA over the past four decades have indicated a significant decline in average annual precipitation From 1981 to 2010 inclusive the reported annual average precipitation was 46 1 inches 1 170 mm 52 53 but for the thirty year period ending in 2020 the annual average had declined 5 27 inches 134 mm to 40 83 inches 1 040 mm 54 The figures from the second half of that period or 2006 2020 inclusive pointed to a further decline of more than 4 inches 102 mm down to an annual average of 36 58 inches 929 mm 53 Winter snowfall does occur but it is sporadic and rarely accumulates in large amounts the normal seasonal amount is 4 9 inches 12 cm but the median is zero 51 The record snowfall was 41 7 inches 106 cm of accumulation due to a pineapple express on January 25 29 1969 51 Ice storms like snowfall are rare but occur sporadically The hottest months are July and August with a normal monthly mean temperature of 67 8 to 67 9 F 19 9 to 19 9 C with an average of 16 days per year reaching 90 F 32 C The coolest month is December with a mean temperature of 40 6 F 4 8 C and there are 52 mornings per year with a low at or below freezing and 2 afternoons with highs not exceeding the freezing mark 51 The coldest daytime high of the year averages 32 F 0 C reaching the freezing point 51 nbsp The result of rare heavy snow in January 2008 Eugene s average annual temperature is 53 1 F 11 7 C and annual precipitation at 40 83 inches 1 040 mm 55 Eugene is slightly cooler on average than Portland Despite being located about 100 miles 160 km south and at an only slightly higher elevation Eugene has a more continental climate than Portland less subject to the maritime air that blows inland from the Pacific Ocean via the Columbia River Eugene s normal annual mean minimum is 41 9 F 5 5 C 51 compared to 46 2 F 7 9 C in Portland 56 in August the gap in the normal mean minimum widens to 51 1 and 58 0 F 10 6 and 14 4 C for Eugene and Portland respectively 51 Eugene s warmest night annually averages a modest 62 F 17 C 51 Average winter temperatures and summer high temperatures are similar for the two cities Extreme temperatures range from 12 F 24 C recorded on December 8 1972 to 111 F 44 C on June 27 2021 the record cold daily maximum is 19 F 7 C recorded on December 13 1919 while conversely the record warm daily minimum is 71 F 22 C on July 22 2006 51 Climate data for Eugene Airport Oregon 1991 2020 normals a snow amp sun 1981 2010 extremes 1892 present Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high F C 69 21 78 26 80 27 89 32 95 35 111 44 106 41 108 42 103 39 94 34 76 24 68 20 111 44 Mean maximum F C 60 2 15 7 61 9 16 6 69 8 21 0 76 3 24 6 83 4 28 6 89 7 32 1 97 6 36 4 97 8 36 6 92 2 33 4 78 5 25 8 65 8 18 8 59 1 15 1 100 6 38 1 Mean daily maximum F C 48 1 8 9 51 5 10 8 56 6 13 7 61 3 16 3 68 1 20 1 74 2 23 4 84 0 28 9 84 3 29 1 78 0 25 6 64 9 18 3 53 2 11 8 46 8 8 2 64 3 17 9 Daily mean F C 41 4 5 2 43 3 6 3 46 9 8 3 50 7 10 4 56 1 13 4 60 9 16 1 67 8 19 9 67 9 19 9 62 9 17 2 53 4 11 9 45 5 7 5 40 6 4 8 53 1 11 7 Mean daily minimum F C 34 7 1 5 35 0 1 7 37 2 2 9 40 0 4 4 44 0 6 7 47 6 8 7 51 7 10 9 51 5 10 8 47 8 8 8 41 8 5 4 37 7 3 2 34 3 1 3 41 9 5 5 Mean minimum F C 22 7 5 2 24 6 4 1 28 5 1 9 31 8 0 1 34 5 1 4 38 3 3 5 44 3 6 8 43 3 6 3 38 5 3 6 29 2 1 6 24 9 3 9 21 9 5 6 17 1 8 3 Record low F C 4 20 3 19 18 8 25 4 28 2 32 0 39 4 35 2 30 1 17 8 12 11 10 23 10 23 Average precipitation inches mm 6 05 154 4 67 119 4 64 118 3 32 84 2 46 62 1 23 31 0 32 8 1 0 39 9 9 1 39 35 3 17 81 5 98 152 7 21 183 40 83 1 037 Average snowfall inches cm 1 3 3 3 4 3 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 5 3 8 7 1 18 1 Average precipitation days 0 01 in 17 9 15 5 17 6 15 5 11 9 7 9 2 6 2 8 5 9 11 9 17 5 18 7 145 7 Average snowy days 0 1 in 0 6 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 2 4 Mean monthly sunshine hours 133 3 115 8 167 4 201 254 2 270 0 337 9 341 276 0 167 4 138 0 130 2 2 532 2 Average ultraviolet index 2 2 3 3 4 5 6 5 4 3 2 2 3 Source 1 NOAA 51 57 55 Source 2 Weather Atlas UV 58 Air quality and allergies edit Eugene is downwind of Willamette Valley grass seed farms 59 The combination of summer grass pollen and the confining shape of the hills around Eugene make it the area of the highest grass pollen counts in the USA gt 1 500 pollen grains m3 of air 60 These high pollen counts have led to difficulties for some track athletes who compete in Eugene In the Olympic trials in 1972 Jim Ryun won the 1 500 after being flown in by helicopter because he was allergic to Eugene s grass seed pollen 61 Further six time Olympian Maria Mutola abandoned Eugene as a training area in part to avoid allergies 62 Demographics editHistorical population CensusPop Note 18601 183 1870861 27 2 18801 11729 7 19003 236 19109 009178 4 192010 59317 6 193018 90178 4 194020 83810 2 195035 87972 2 196050 97742 1 197079 02855 0 1980105 66433 7 1990112 6696 6 2000137 89322 4 2010156 18513 3 2020176 65413 1 2022 est 179 887 63 1 8 Sources 64 65 4 2020 census edit Eugene Oregon Racial and ethnic compositionNote the US Census treats Hispanic Latino as an ethnic category This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category Hispanics Latinos may be of any race Race Ethnicity NH Non Hispanic Pop 2000 66 Pop 2010 67 Pop 2020 68 2000 2010 2020 White alone NH 118 563 128 031 132 159 85 98 81 97 74 81 Black or African American alone NH 1 644 1 955 2 935 1 19 1 25 1 66 Native American or Alaska Native alone NH 1 115 1 267 1 351 0 81 0 81 0 76 Asian alone NH 4 872 6 205 7 083 3 53 3 97 4 01 Pacific Islander alone NH 284 341 516 0 21 0 22 0 29 Other race alone NH 315 308 1 157 0 23 0 20 0 65 Mixed Race or Multi Racial NH 4 257 5 878 12 724 3 09 3 76 7 20 Hispanic or Latino any race 6 843 12 200 18 729 4 96 7 81 10 60 Total 137 893 156 185 176 654 100 00 100 00 100 00 2010 census edit According to the 2010 census Eugene s population was 156 185 69 The population density was 3 572 2 people per square mile There were 69 951 housing units at an average density of 1 600 per square mile 70 Those age 18 and over accounted for 81 8 of the total population 70 The racial makeup of the city was 85 8 White 4 0 Asian 1 4 Black or African American 1 0 Native American 0 2 Pacific Islander and 4 7 from other races 70 Hispanics and Latinos of any race accounted for 7 8 of the total population 71 Of the non Hispanics 82 were White 1 3 Black or African American 0 8 Native American 4 Asian 0 2 Pacific Islander 0 2 some other race alone and 3 4 were of two or more races 70 Females represented 51 1 of the total population and males represented 48 9 The median age in the city was 33 8 years 72 2000 census edit The census of 2000 showed there were 137 893 people 58 110 households and 31 321 families residing in the city of Eugene The population density was 3 404 8 people per square mile 1 314 6 people km2 There were 61 444 housing units at an average density of 1 516 4 per square mile 585 5 km2 The racial makeup of the city was 88 15 White down from 99 5 in 1950 73 3 57 Asian 1 25 Black or African American 0 93 Native American 0 21 Pacific Islander 2 18 from other races and 3 72 from two or more races 4 96 of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race There were 58 110 households of which 25 8 had children under the age of 18 living with them 40 6 were married couples living together 9 7 had a female householder with no husband present and 46 1 were non families 31 7 of all households were made up of individuals and 9 4 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older The average household size was 2 27 and the average family size was 2 87 In the city the population was 20 3 under the age of 18 17 3 from 18 to 24 28 5 from 25 to 44 21 8 from 45 to 64 and 12 1 who were 65 years of age or older The median age was 33 years For every 100 females there were 96 0 males For every 100 females age 18 and over there were 94 0 males The median income for a household in the city was 35 850 and the median income for a family was 48 527 Males had a median income of 35 549 versus 26 721 for females The per capita income for the city was 21 315 About 8 7 of families and 17 1 of the population were below the poverty line including 14 8 of those under age 18 and 7 1 of those age 65 or over Economy editEugene s largest employers are PeaceHealth Medical Group the University of Oregon and the Eugene School District 74 Eugene s largest industries are wood products manufacturing and recreational vehicle manufacturing 75 Corporate headquarters for the employee owned Bi Mart corporation and family owned supermarket Market of Choice remain in Eugene nbsp Sarvery Winery courtesy of Eugene Cascades amp Coast Many multinational businesses were launched in Eugene Some of the most famous include Nike 17 Taco Time 76 and Broderbund Software 77 The footwear repair product Shoe Goo is manufactured by Eclectic Products based in Eugene Run Gum an energy gum created for runners also began its life in Eugene Run Gum was created by track athlete Nick Symmonds and track and field coach Sam Lapray in 2014 78 Burley Design LLC produces bicycle trailers and was founded in Eugene by Alan Scholz out of a Saturday Market business in 1978 Eugene is also the birthplace and home of Bike Friday bicycle manufacturer Green Gear Cycling Organically Grown Company the largest distributor of organic fruits and vegetables in the northwest started in Eugene in 1978 as a non profit co op for organic farmers Notable local food processors many of whom manufacture certified organic products include Golden Temple Yogi Tea Merry Hempsters Springfield Creamery Nancy s Yogurt and Mountain Rose Herbs Until July 2008 Hynix Semiconductor America had operated a large semiconductor plant in west Eugene In late September 2009 Uni Chem of South Korea announced its intention to purchase the Hynix site for solar cell manufacturing 79 However this deal fell through and as of late 2012 is no longer planned 80 In 2015 semiconductor manufacturer Broadcom purchased the plant with plans to upgrade and reopen it The company abandoned these plans and put it up for sale in November 2016 81 Luckey s Club Cigar Store is one of the oldest bars in Oregon Tad Luckey Sr purchased it in 1911 making it one of the oldest businesses in Eugene The Club Cigar as it was called in the late 19th century was for many years a men only salon It survived both the Great Depression and Prohibition partly because Eugene was a dry town before the end of Prohibition 82 The city has over 25 breweries offers a variety of dining options with a local focus the city is surrounded by wineries The most notable fungi here is the truffle Eugene hosts the annual Oregon Truffle Festival in January 83 In 2012 the Eugene metro region was dubbed the Silicon Shire for its growing tech industry Top employers edit According to Eugene s 2017 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report 84 the city s top employers are Employer Number of employees 1 PeaceHealth Medical Group 5 808 2 University of Oregon 5 549 3 Eugene School District 4J 2 553 4 U S Government 1 750 5 Lane Community College 1 650 6 Springfield School District 1 610 7 State of Oregon 1 594 8 Lane County 1 567 9 City of Eugene 1 417 10 McKenzie Willamette Medical Center 898 nbsp Homeless camp in Eugene Oregon Homelessness edit Eugene has a growing problem with homelessness 85 The problem has been referenced in popular culture including in the episode The 30 Iron Chef in Futurama 86 During the COVID 19 pandemic the city experienced a controversy over its continuing policy of homeless removal despite CDC guidelines to not engage in homeless removal 87 Arts and culture edit nbsp A vendor s craft booth at the Eugene Saturday Market Eugene has a significant population of people in pursuit of alternative ideas and a large original hippie population 88 Beginning in the 1960s the countercultural ideas and viewpoints espoused by area native Ken Kesey became established as the seminal elements of the vibrant social tapestry that continue to define Eugene 89 The Merry Prankster as Kesey was known has arguably left the most indelible imprint of any cultural icon in his hometown He is best known as the author of One Flew Over the Cuckoo s Nest and as the male protagonist in Tom Wolfe s The Electric Kool Aid Acid Test 89 In 2005 the city council unanimously approved a new slogan for the city World s Greatest City for the Arts amp Outdoors While Eugene has a vibrant arts community for a city its size and is well situated near many outdoor opportunities this slogan was frequently criticized by locals as embarrassing and ludicrous 90 In early 2010 the slogan was changed to A Great City for the Arts amp Outdoors Eugene s Saturday Market open every Saturday from April through November 91 was founded in 1970 as the first Saturday Market in the United States 92 It is adjacent to the Lane County Farmer s Market in downtown Eugene All vendors must create or grow all their own products The market reappears as the Holiday Market between Thanksgiving and New Year s in the Lane County Events Center at the fairgrounds Community edit Eugene is noted for its community inventiveness Many U S trends in community development originated in Eugene The University of Oregon s participatory planning process known as The Oregon Experiment was the result of student protests in the early 1970s The book of the same name is a major document in modern enlightenment thinking in planning and architectural circles The process still used by the university in modified form was created by Christopher Alexander whose works also directly inspired the creation of the Wiki Some research for the book A Pattern Language which inspired the Design Patterns movement and Extreme Programming was done by Alexander in Eugene Not coincidentally those engineering movements also had origins here Decades after its publication A Pattern Language is still one of the best selling books on urban design 93 In the 1970s Eugene was packed with cooperative and community projects It still has small natural food stores in many neighborhoods some of the oldest student cooperatives in the country and alternative schools have been part of the school district since 1971 The old Grower s Market downtown near the Amtrak depot is the only food cooperative in the U S with no employees It is possible to see Eugene s trend setting non profit tendencies in much newer projects such as Square One Villages and the Center for Appropriate Transport In 2006 an initiative began to create a tenant run development process for downtown Eugene In the fall of 2003 neighbors noticed an unassuming two acre remnant orchard tucked into the Friendly Area Neighborhood 94 had been put up for sale by its owner a resident of New York City 95 Learning a prospective buyer had plans to build several houses on the property they formed a nonprofit organization called Madison Meadow 96 97 in June 2004 in order to buy the property and preserve it as undeveloped space in perpetuity 96 In 2007 their effort was named Third Best Community Effort by the Eugene Weekly 98 and by the end of 2008 they had raised enough money to purchase the property 94 The City of Eugene has an active Neighborhood Program Several neighborhoods are known for their green activism Friendly Neighborhood has a highly popular neighborhood garden established on the right of way of a street never built There are a number of community gardens on public property Amazon Neighborhood has a former church turned into a community center Whiteaker hosts a housing co op that dates from the early 1970s that has re purposed both their parking lots into food production and play space An unusual eco village with natural building techniques and large shared garden can be found in Jefferson Westside neighborhood A several block area in the River Road Neighborhood is known as a permaculture hotspot with an increasing number of suburban homes trading grass for garden installing rain water catchment systems food producing landscapes and solar retrofits Several sites have planted gardens by removing driveways Citizen volunteers are working with the City of Eugene to restore a 65 tree filbert grove on public property There are deepening social and economic networks in the neighborhood Annual cultural events edit Asian Celebration 99 presented by the Asian Council of Eugene and Springfield takes place in late July at Alton Baker Park The festival was changed to an outdoor venue after the start of the COVID 19 Pandemic The KLCC Microbrew Festival 100 is held in February at the Lane County Fairgrounds It provides participants with an introduction to a large range of microbrewery and craft beers which play an important role in Pacific Northwest culture and the economy 101 100 Mount Pisgah Arboretum which resides at the base of Mount Pisgah holds a Wildflower Festival in May and a Mushroom Festival and Plant Sale in October 102 Oregon Festival of American Music 103 or OFAM is held annually in the early summer The Oregon Bach Festival is a major international festival in July 104 hosted by the University of Oregon 105 The nonprofit Oregon Country Fair 106 takes place in July in nearby Veneta The Lane County Fair 107 occurs in July at the Lane County Fairgrounds The Eugene Springfield Pride Festival 108 is held annually on the second Saturday in August from noon to 7 00 p m at Alton Baker Park A part of Eugene LGBT culture since 1993 it provides a lighthearted and supportive social venue for the LGBT community families and friends Eugene Celebration 109 is a three day block party that usually takes place in the downtown area in August or September The SLUG Queen coronation in August a pageant with a campy spin crowns a new SLUG Queen who rains over the Eugene Celebration Parade and is an unofficial ambassador of Eugene 110 Museums edit Eugene museums include the University of Oregon s Jordan Schnitzer Museum of Art and Museum of Natural and Cultural History the Oregon Air and Space Museum Lane County History Museum 111 Maude Kerns Art Center Shelton McMurphey Johnson House and the Eugene Science Center Performing arts edit nbsp The Hult Center for the Performing Arts Eugene is home to numerous cultural organizations including the Eugene Symphony whose previous music directors include Marin Alsop Giancarlo Guerrero and Miguel Harth Bedoya the Eugene Ballet a professional full time touring company the Eugene Opera the Eugene Concert Choir the Bushnell University Community Choir the Oregon Mozart Players the Oregon Bach Festival the Oregon Children s Choir the Eugene Springfield Youth Orchestras Ballet Fantastique and Oregon Festival of American Music Principal performing arts venues include the Hult Center for the Performing Arts The John G Shedd Institute for the Arts The Shedd the McDonald Theatre and W O W Hall The University of Oregon School of Music and Dance also attracts world class performers and teaching artists throughout the year many of whom perform at Beall Concert Hall The university campus also frequently hosts performances at Matthew Knight Arena and the Erb Memorial Union ballroom A number of live theater groups are based in Eugene including Free Shakespeare in the Park Oregon Contemporary Theatre The Very Little Theatre Actors Cabaret LCC Theatre Rose Children s Theatre and University Theatre 112 Each has its own performance venue Music edit Main article Music of Oregon Eugene Because of its status as a college town Eugene has been home to many music genres musicians and bands ranging from electronic dance music such as dubstep and drum and bass to garage rock hip hop folk and heavy metal Eugene also has growing reggae and street performing bluegrass and jug band scenes Multi genre act the Cherry Poppin Daddies became a prominent figure in Eugene s music scene and became the house band at Eugene s W O W Hall In the late 1990s their contributions to the swing revival movement propelled them to national stardom Rock band Floater originated in Eugene as did the Robert Cray blues band Doom metal band YOB is among the leaders of the Eugene heavy music scene Eugene is home to Classical Gas Composer and two time Grammy award winner Mason Williams who spent his years as a youth living between his parents in Oakridge Oregon and Oklahoma Mason Williams puts on a yearly Christmas show at the Hult center for performing arts with a full orchestra produced by author audio engineer and University of Oregon professor Don Latarski 113 Dick Hyman noted jazz pianist and musical director for many of Woody Allen s films designs and hosts the annual Now Hear This jazz festival at the Oregon Festival of American Music OFAM OFAM and the Hult Center routinely draw major jazz talent for concerts 114 115 Eugene is also home to a large Zimbabwean music community Kutsinhira Cultural Arts Center which is dedicated to the music and people of Zimbabwe is based in Eugene Visual arts edit Eugene s visual arts community is supported by over 20 private art galleries and several organizations including Maude Kerns Art Center 116 Lane Arts Council 117 DIVA the Downtown Initiative for the Visual Arts and the Eugene Glass School In 2015 installations from a group of Eugene based artists known as Light At Play were showcased in several events around the world as part of the International Year of Light including displays at the Smithsonian and the National Academy of Sciences 118 119 Film edit The Eugene area has been used as a filming location for several Hollywood films most famously for 1978 s National Lampoon s Animal House which was also filmed in nearby Cottage Grove John Belushi had the idea for the film The Blues Brothers during filming of Animal House when he happened to meet Curtis Salgado at what was then the Eugene Hotel 120 Getting Straight starring Elliott Gould and Candice Bergen was filmed at Lane Community College in 1969 As the campus was still under construction at the time the occupation scenes were easier to shoot 121 The Chicken Salad on Toast scene in the 1970 Jack Nicholson movie Five Easy Pieces was filmed at the Denny s restaurant at the southern I 5 freeway interchange near Glenwood Nicholson directed the 1971 film Drive He Said in Eugene How to Beat the High Cost of Living starring Jane Curtin Jessica Lange and Susan St James was filmed in Eugene in the fall of 1979 Locations visible in the film include Valley River Center which is a driving force in the plot Skinner Butte and Ya Po Ah Terrace the Willamette River and River Road Hardware Several track and field movies have used Eugene as a setting and or a filming location Personal Best starring Mariel Hemingway was filmed in Eugene in 1982 The film centered on a group of women who are trying to qualify for the Olympic track and field team Two track and field movies about the life of Steve Prefontaine Prefontaine and Without Limits were released within a year of each other in 1997 1998 Kenny Moore Eugene trained Olympic runner and co star in Prefontaine co wrote the screenplay for Without Limits Prefontaine was filmed in Washington because the Without Limits production bought out Hayward Field for the summer to prevent its competition from shooting there 122 Kenny Moore also wrote a biography of Bill Bowerman played in Without Limits by Donald Sutherland back in Eugene 20 years after he had appeared in Animal House Moore had also had a role in Personal Best Stealing Time a 2003 independent film was partially filmed in Eugene When the film premiered in June 2001 at the Seattle International Film Festival it was titled Rennie s Landing after a popular bar near the University of Oregon campus The title was changed for its DVD release Zerophilia was filmed in Eugene in 2006 The 2016 Tracktown was about a distance runner training for the Olympics in Eugene Religion edit Religious institutions of higher learning in Eugene include Bushnell University and New Hope Christian College Bushnell University formerly Northwest Christian University founded in 1895 has ties with the Christian Church Disciples of Christ New Hope Christian College formerly Eugene Bible College originated with the Bible Standard Conference in 1915 which joined with Open Bible Evangelistic Association to create Open Bible Standard Churches in 1932 Eugene Bible College was started from this movement by Fred Hornshuh in 1925 123 There are two Eastern Orthodox Church parishes in Eugene St John the Wonderworker Orthodox Christian Church in the Historic Whiteaker Neighborhood 124 125 and Saint George Greek Orthodox Church 126 There are six Roman Catholic parishes in Eugene as well St Mary Catholic Church 127 St Jude Catholic Church St Mark Catholic Church St Peter Catholic Church St Paul Catholic Church and St Thomas More Catholic Church 128 Eugene also has a Ukrainian Catholic Church named Nativity of the Mother of God 129 There is a mainline Protestant contingency in the city as well such as the largest of the Lutheran Churches Central Lutheran 130 near the U of O Campus and the Episcopal Church of the Resurrection 131 The Eugene area has a sizeable LDS Church presence with three stakes consisting of 23 congregations wards and branches 132 The Church of Jesus Christ announced plans in April 2020 to build a temple in Eugene 133 The greater Eugene Springfield area also has a Jehovah s Witnesses presence with five Kingdom Halls several having multiple congregations in one Kingdom Hall The Reconstructionist Temple Beth Israel is Eugene s largest Jewish congregation 134 It was also for many decades Eugene s only synagogue 135 136 until Orthodox members broke away in 1992 and formed Congregation Ahavas Torah 137 138 Eugene has a community of some 140 Sikhs who have established a Sikh temple 139 The 340 member congregation of the Unitarian Universalist Church in Eugene UUCE 140 purchased the former Eugene Scottish Rite Temple in May 2010 renovated it and began services there in September 2012 Saraha Nyingma Buddhist Temple in Eugene 141 opened in 2012 in the former site of the Unitarian Universalist Church The First Congregational Church UCC is a large progressive Christian Church with a long history of justice focused ministries and a very active membership Three years ago the congregation coordinated with the Connections Program of the St Vincent DePaul organization to provide transitional homes for two unhoused families on the church s property Through life skills support and training and a more stable housing situation these families are then able to make their way into independent living 142 Sports edit nbsp Welcome to Track Town USA sign in Eugene Eugene markets itself as Track Town USA 143 There are close links between the University of Oregon s successful track amp field program the Oregon Track Club and Nike Inc who were founded by University of Oregon track athlete Phil Knight and his coach Bill Bowerman 144 145 Eugene s miles of running trails through its unusually large park system are among the most extensive in the U S citation needed Notable trails include Pre s Trail in Alton Baker Park Rexius Trail the Adidas Oregon Trail and the Ridgeline Trail There is also an extensive network of trails along the Willamette River that reaches into neighboring Springfield as well as along Amazon Creek in the southern and western parts of town Jogging was introduced to the U S through Eugene brought from New Zealand by Bill Bowerman who wrote the best selling book Jogging and coached the champion University of Oregon track and cross country teams During Bowerman s tenure his Men of Oregon won 24 individual NCAA titles including titles in 15 out of the 19 events contested During Bowerman s 24 years at Oregon his track teams finished in the top ten at the NCAA championships 16 times including four team titles 1962 64 65 70 and two second place trophies His teams also posted a dual meet record of 114 20 Bowerman also invented the waffle sole for running shoes in Eugene and with Oregon alumnus Phil Knight founded shoe giant Nike The city has dozens of running clubs The climate is cool and temperate good both for jogging and record setting Eugene is home to the University of Oregon s Hayward Field track which hosts numerous collegiate and amateur track and field meets throughout the year most notably the Prefontaine Classic Hayward Field was host to the 2004 AAU Junior Olympic Games the 1989 World Masters Athletics Championships the track and field events of the 1998 World Masters Games the 2006 Pacific 10 track and field championships the 1971 1975 1986 1993 1999 2001 2009 and 2011 USA Track amp Field Outdoor Championships and the 1972 1976 1980 2008 2012 and 2016 U S Olympic trials Eugene is the host of the delayed 2021 World Athletics Championships 146 The city bid for the 2019 event but lost narrowly to Doha Qatar Eugene s Oregon Ducks are part of the Pac 12 Conference Pac 12 American football is especially popular with intense rivalries between the Ducks and both the Oregon State University Beavers and the University of Washington Huskies 147 Autzen Stadium is home to Duck football with a seating capacity of 54 000 but has had over 60 000 with standing room only 148 The basketball arena McArthur Court was built in 1926 149 The arena was replaced by the Matthew Knight Arena in late 2010 150 The Nationwide Tour s golfing event Oregon Classic takes place at Shadow Hills Country Club just north of Eugene The event has been played every year since 1998 except in 2001 when it was slated to begin the day after the 9 11 terrorist attacks The top 20 players from the Nationwide Tour are promoted to the PGA Tour for the following year 151 Eugene is also home to the Eugene Emeralds a short season Class A minor league baseball team The Ems play their home games in PK Park also the home of the University of Oregon baseball team The Eugene Jr Generals a Tier III Junior A ice hockey team belonging to the Northern Pacific Hockey League NPHL consisting of 8 teams throughout Oregon and Washington plays at the Lane County Ice Center Lane United FC a soccer club that participates in the Northwest Division of USL League Two was founded in 2013 and plays its home games at Civic Park The following table lists some sports clubs in Eugene and their usual home venue Club Sport Founded League Venue University of Oregon Ducks Football Basketball Track and Field Softball Volleyball Golf Tennis Baseball Lacrosse Ice hockey Soccer Ultimate 1876 National Collegiate Athletic Association Pac 12 Conference Autzen Stadium Matthew Knight Arena PK Park Hayward Field Bushnell University Beacons Baseball Basketball Beach Volleyball Cross Country Distance Track Golf Soccer Softball Volleyball 1895 National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics Cascade Collegiate Conference Morse Event Center New Hope Christian College Deacons Basketball Soccer Volleyball 1925 Rexius Event Center Eugene Emeralds Baseball 1955 Northwest League PK Park Lane Community College Titans Basketball Cross Country Track and Field Soccer Baseball 1965 Northwest Athletic Association of Community Colleges Lane Community College Eugene Gentlemen Rugby 1973 Pacific Northwest Rugby Football Union Eugene Chargers Basketball 2006 International Basketball League Morse Event Center Eugene Generals Ice hockey 2005 Junior A Tier III League Hockey Northern Pacific Hockey League Lane County Ice Center Lane United FC Soccer 2013 USL League Two Civic ParkParks and recreation edit nbsp Hendricks Park Spencer Butte Park at the southern edge of town provides access to Spencer Butte a dominant feature of Eugene s skyline Hendricks Park situated on a knoll to the east of downtown is known for its rhododendron garden and nearby memorial to Steve Prefontaine known as Pre s Rock where the legendary University of Oregon runner was killed in an auto accident Alton Baker Park next to the Willamette River contains Pre s Trail Also next to the Willamette are Skinner Butte Park 152 and the Owen Memorial Rose Garden which contains more than 4 500 roses of over 400 varieties 153 as well as the 150 year old Black Tartarian Cherry tree 154 an Oregon Heritage Tree 155 The city of Eugene maintains an urban forest The University of Oregon campus is an arboretum with over 500 species of trees The city operates and maintains scenic hiking trails that pass through and across the ridges of a cluster of hills in the southern portion of the city on the fringe of residential neighborhoods Some trails allow biking and others are for hikers and runners only The nearest ski resort Willamette Pass is one hour from Eugene by car On the way along Oregon Route 58 are several reservoirs and lakes the Oakridge mountain bike trails hot springs and waterfalls within Willamette National Forest Eugene residents also frequent the Hoodoo and Mount Bachelor ski resorts The Three Sisters Wilderness the Oregon Dunes National Recreation Area and Smith Rock are just a short drive away Government editIn 1944 Eugene adopted a council manager form of government replacing the day to day management of city affairs by the part time mayor and volunteer city council with a full time professional city manager The subsequent history of Eugene city government has largely been one of the dynamics often contentious between the city manager the mayor and city council According to statute all Eugene and Lane County elections are officially non partisan with a primary containing all candidates in May If a candidate gets more than 50 of the vote in the primary they win the election outright otherwise the top two candidates face off in a November runoff This allows candidates to win seats during the lower turnout primary election The mayor of Eugene is Lucy Vinis who has been in office since winning the popular vote in May 2016 and who was re elected in May 2020 Recent mayors include Edwin Cone 1958 69 Les Anderson 1969 77 Gus Keller 1977 84 Brian Obie 1985 88 Jeff Miller 1989 92 Ruth Bascom 1993 96 Jim Torrey 1997 2004 and Kitty Piercy 2005 2017 Eugene City Council edit Mayor Lucy Vinis Ward 1 Emily Semple Ward 2 Matt Keating Ward 3 Alan Zelenka Ward 4 Jennifer Yeh Ward 5 Mike Clark Ward 6 Greg Evans Ward 7 Lyndsey Leech Ward 8 Randy Groves 156 Public safety edit The Eugene Police Department is the city s law enforcement and public safety agency 157 The Lane County Sheriff s Office also has its headquarters in Eugene 158 The University of Oregon is served by the University of Oregon Police Department 159 160 and Eugene Police Department also has a police station in the West University District near campus Lane Community College is served by the Lane Community College Public Safety Department 161 The Oregon State Police have a presence in the rural areas and highways around the Eugene metro area 162 The LTD downtown station and the EmX lines are patrolled by LTD Transit Officers Since 1989 the mental health crisis intervention non governmental agency CAHOOTS has responded to Eugene s mental health 911 calls 163 164 Eugene Springfield Fire Department is the agency responsible for emergency medical services fire suppression HAZMAT operations and water Confined spaces rescues in the combined Eugene Springfield metropolitan area 165 Eugene used to have an ordinance which prohibited car horn usage for non driving purposes After several residents were cited for this offense during the anti Gulf War demonstrations in January 1991 the city was taken to court and in 1992 the Oregon Court of Appeals overturned the ordinance finding it unconstitutionally vague 166 Eugene City Hall was abandoned in 2012 for reasons of structural integrity energy efficiency and obsolete size Various offices of city government became tenants in eight other buildings Politics edit Being the largest city by far in Lane County Eugene s voters almost always decide the county s partisan tilt While Eugene has historically been a counter culture heavy and left leaning college town the county s partisan leanings have intensified in recent decades mirroring the general polarization of Oregon voters along urban pro Democratic and rural pro Republican lines 167 Lane County voted for Bernie Sanders over eventual 2016 nominee Hillary Clinton by 60 6 38 1 and Eugene offered Sanders an even larger share of its vote 168 Education editTertiary education edit nbsp Johnson Hall University of Oregon Eugene is home to the University of Oregon Other institutions of higher learning include Bushnell University Lane Community College New Hope Christian College Gutenberg College and Pacific University s Eugene campus All of Lane County is in the Lane Community College district 169 Schools edit The Eugene School District covers around 85 of the Eugene city limits 170 The remainder of Eugene s northwestern neighborhoods are in the Bethel School District 171 The Eugene School District includes four full service high schools Churchill North Eugene Sheldon and South Eugene and many alternative education programs such as international schools and charter schools Foreign language immersion programs in the district are available in Spanish French Chinese and Japanese The Bethel School District serves children in the Bethel neighborhood on the northwest edge of Eugene The district is home to the traditional Willamette High School and the alternative Kalapuya High School There are 11 schools in this district Eugene also has several private schools including the Eugene Waldorf School 172 the Outdoor High School Eugene Montessori Far Horizon Montessori Eugene Sudbury School 173 Wellsprings Friends School 174 Oak Hill School 175 and The Little French School 176 Parochial schools in Eugene include Marist Catholic High School O Hara Catholic Elementary School Eugene Christian School and St Paul Parish School 177 Libraries edit nbsp The Eugene Public Library The largest library in Oregon is the University of Oregon s Knight Library with collections totaling more than 3 million volumes and over 100 000 audio and video items 178 The Eugene Public Library 179 moved into a new larger building downtown in 2002 The four story library is an increase from 38 000 to 130 000 square feet 3 500 to 12 100 m2 180 There are also two branches of the Eugene Public Library the Sheldon Branch Library in the neighborhood of Cal Young Sheldon and the Bethel Branch Library in the neighborhood of Bethel Eugene also has the Lane County Law Library Media editPrint edit nbsp The Register Guard building The largest newspaper serving the area is The Register Guard a daily newspaper with a circulation of about 70 000 published independently by the Baker family of Eugene until 2018 before being acquired by GateHouse Media now owned by Gannett Company 181 Other newspapers serving the area include the Eugene Weekly the Emerald the student run independent newspaper at the University of Oregon now published on Mondays and Thursdays The Torch the student run newspaper at Lane Community College the Ignite the newspaper at New Hope Christian College and The Beacon Bolt the student run newspaper at Bushnell University Eugene Magazine Lifestyle Quarterly Eugene Living and Sustainable Home and Garden magazines also serve the area Adelante Latino is a Spanish language newspaper in Eugene that serves all of Lane County Television edit Local television stations include KMTR NBC The CW KVAL CBS KLSR TV Fox KEVU CD KEZI ABC KEPB PBS and KTVC independent KEZI channel 9 ABC KVAL channel 13 CBS KMTR channel 16 NBC The CW KEVU CD channel 23 KEPB channel 28 PBS KLSR channel 34 Fox KTVC channel 36 independent KHWB LD channel 38 TBN Radio edit The local NPR affiliates are KOPB and KLCC Radio station KRVM AM is an affiliate of Jefferson Public Radio based at Southern Oregon University The Pacifica Radio affiliate is the University of Oregon student run radio station KWVA Additionally the community supports two other radio stations KWAX classical and KRVM FM alternative AM stations KOAC 550 Corvallis NPR News Talk Oregon Public Broadcasting KUGN 590 Eugene NEWS TALK Cumulus KXOR 660 Junction City Spanish Religious Zion Media KKNX 840 Eugene Classic Hits Mielke Broadcasting KORE 1050 Springfield FOX Sports Radio KPNW 1120 Eugene NEWS TALK Bicostal Media KRVM 1280 Eugene NPR News Talk Eugene School District JPR affiliate KNND 1400 Cottage Grove Classic Country Reiten Communications Inc KEED 1450 Eugene Classic Country Mielke Broadcasting KOPB 1600 Eugene NPR News Talk Oregon Public Broadcasting FM stations KWVA 88 1 Eugene Freeform University of Oregon KPIJ 88 5 Junction City Christian Calvary Satellite Network Calvary Chapel KQFE 88 9 Springfield Christian Family Radio KLCC 89 7 Eugene NPR News Talk Jazz Lane Community College KWAX 91 1 Eugene Classical University of Oregon KRVM 91 9 Eugene Adult Album Alternative AAA Eugene School District KKNU 93 3 Springfield Country McKenzie River Broadcasting KMGE 94 5 Eugene Adult Contemporary McKenzie River Broadcasting KUJZ 95 3 Creswell Sports Cumulus KZEL 96 1 Eugene Classic Rock Cumulus KEPW LP 97 3 Eugene PeaceWorks Community Radio Eugene PeaceWorks KEQB 97 7 Coburg Regional Mexican McKenzie River Broadcasting KODZ 99 1 Eugene 90s 00s Hits Bicoastal Media KRKT 99 9 Albany Country Bicoastal Media KMME 100 5 Cottage Grove Catholic Program Catholic Radio Northwest KFLY 101 5 Corvallis Country Bicoastal Media KEHK 102 3 Brownsville Hot Adult Contemporary Cumulus KNRQ 103 7 Harrisburg Alternative Rock Cumulus KDUK 104 7 Florence Top 40 CHR Bicoastal Media KEUG 105 5 Veneta Adult Hits McKenzie River Broadcasting KLOO 106 3 Corvallis Classic Rock Bicoastal Media KLVU 107 1 Sweet Home Contemporary Christian Music K LOVE Educational Media Foundation KHPE 107 9 Albany Contemporary Christian Music Extra Mile Media Infrastructure editTransportation edit Bus edit nbsp Lane Transit District s Eugene Station Lane Transit District LTD a public transportation agency formed in 1970 covers 240 square miles 620 km2 of Lane County including Creswell Cottage Grove Junction City Veneta and Blue River Operating more than 90 buses during peak hours LTD carries riders on 3 7 million trips every year LTD also operates a bus rapid transit line that runs between Eugene and Springfield Emerald Express EmX much of which runs in its own lane with stations providing for off board fare payment LTD s main terminus in Eugene is at the Eugene Station LTD also offers paratransit Greyhound Lines provides service between Los Angeles and Portland on the I 5 corridor Cycling edit Cycling is popular in Eugene and many people commute via bicycle Summertime events and festivals frequently have valet bicycle parking corrals that are often filled to capacity by three hundred or more bikes Many people commute to work by bicycle every month of the year PeaceHealth Rides a bike share system formerly operated by Uber subsidiary JUMP and currently operated by non profit Cascadia Mobility offers 300 city owned bicycles available to the public for a small fee Bike trails take commuting and recreational bikers along the Willamette River past a scenic rose garden along Amazon Creek through the downtown and through the University of Oregon campus Eugene is close to many popular mountain bike trails and Disciples of Dirt is the local mountain bike club that organizes group rides and promotes trail stewardship 182 nbsp The North Bank Bike Path is a popular trail for cyclists In 2009 the League of American Bicyclists cited Eugene as 1 of 10 Gold level cities in the U S because of its remarkable commitments to bicycling 183 184 185 In 2010 Bicycling magazine named Eugene the 5th most bike friendly city in America 186 187 The U S Census Bureau s annual American Community Survey reported that Eugene had a bicycle commuting mode share of 7 3 in 2011 the fifth highest percentage nationwide among U S cities with 65 000 people or more and 13 times higher than the national average of 0 56 188 Rail edit The 1908 Amtrak depot downtown was restored in 2004 it is the southern terminus for two daily runs of the Amtrak Cascades and a stop along the route in each direction for the daily Coast Starlight Air travel edit Air travel is served by the Eugene Airport also known as Mahlon Sweet Field which is the fifth largest airport in the Northwest and second largest airport in Oregon The Eugene Metro area also has numerous private airports 189 The Eugene Metro area also has several heliports such as the Sacred Heart Medical Center Heliport and Mahlon Sweet Field Heliport and many single helipads Highways edit Highways traveling within and through Eugene include Interstate 5 Interstate 5 forms much of the eastern city limit acting as an effective though unofficial boundary between Eugene and Springfield To the north I 5 leads to the Willamette Valley and Portland To the south I 5 leads to Roseburg Medford and the southwestern portion of the state In full Interstate 5 continues north to the Canada US border at Blaine Washington and Vancouver British Columbia and extends south to the Mexico US border at Tijuana and San Diego Officer Chris Kilcullen Memorial Highway Oregon Route 126 is routed along the Eugene Springfield Highway a limited access freeway The Eugene portion of this highway begins at an interchange with Interstate 5 and ends two miles 3 2 km west at a freeway terminus This portion of Oregon Route 126 is also signed Interstate 105 a spur route of Interstate 5 Oregon Route 126 continues west a portion shared with Oregon Route 99 and continues west to Florence Eastward Oregon Route 126 crosses the Cascades and leads to central and eastern Oregon Randy Pape Beltline Beltline is a limited access freeway which runs along the northern and western edges of incorporated Eugene Delta Highway The Delta Highway forms a connector of less than 2 miles 3 2 km between Interstate 105 and Beltline Highway Oregon Route 99 Oregon Route 99 forks off Interstate 5 south of Eugene and forms a major surface artery in Eugene It continues north into the Willamette valley parallel to I 5 It is sometimes called the scenic route since it has a great view of the Coast Range and also stretches through many scenic farmlands of the Willamette Valley Utilities edit Eugene is the home of Oregon s largest publicly owned water and power utility the Eugene Water amp Electric Board EWEB EWEB got its start in the first decade of the 20th century after an epidemic of typhoid found in the groundwater supply 190 The City of Eugene condemned Eugene s private water utility and began treating river water first the Willamette later the McKenzie for domestic use EWEB got into the electric business when power was needed for the water pumps Excess electricity generated by the EWEB s hydropower plants was used for street lighting Natural gas service is provided by NW Natural Wastewater treatment services are provided by the Metropolitan Wastewater Management Commission a partnership between the Cities of Eugene and Springfield and Lane County Healthcare edit Three hospitals serve the Eugene Springfield area Sacred Heart Medical Center University District is the only one within Eugene city limits McKenzie Willamette Medical Center and Sacred Heart Medical Center at RiverBend are in Springfield Oregon Medical Group a primary care based multi specialty group operates several clinics in Eugene 191 as does PeaceHealth Medical Group 192 White Bird Clinic provides a broad range of health and human services including low cost clinics 193 194 The Volunteers in Medicine amp Occupy Medical clinics provide free medical and mental care to low income adults without health insurance 195 196 Eugene is one of the few municipalities in the US that does not fluoridate its water supply 197 In popular culture editThe DC Vertigo comic book series iZombie is set in Eugene 198 Eugene is mentioned in The Simpsons episode Margical History Tour and the Futurama episode The 30 Iron Chef 199 200 Notable people editMain article List of people from Eugene OregonSister cities editEugene has four sister cities 201 nbsp Irkutsk Russia suspended in 2022 202 nbsp Jinju South Korea nbsp Kakegawa Japan nbsp Kathmandu NepalSee also edit nbsp Oregon portal nbsp Pacific Northwest portalNotes edit Mean monthly maxima and minima i e the highest and lowest temperature readings during an entire month or year calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020 References edit ArcGIS REST Services Directory United States Census Bureau Archived from the original on February 13 2023 Retrieved October 12 2022 List of 2020 Census Urban Areas census gov United States Census Bureau Archived from the original on January 14 2023 Retrieved January 7 2023 a b U S Geological Survey Geographic Names Information 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on July 1 2021 Retrieved May 21 2020 Number of Inhabitants Oregon PDF 18th Census of the United States U S Census Bureau Archived PDF from the original on August 18 2017 Retrieved November 22 2013 Oregon Population and Housing Unit Counts PDF U S Census Bureau Archived PDF from the original on July 24 2017 Retrieved November 22 2013 P004 Hispanic or Latino and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race 2000 DEC Summary File 1 Eugene city Oregon United States Census Bureau Retrieved February 25 2024 P2 Hispanic or Latino and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race 2010 DEC Redistricting Data PL 94 171 Eugene city Oregon United States Census Bureau Archived from the original on February 25 2024 Retrieved February 25 2024 P2 Hispanic or Latino and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race 2020 DEC Redistricting Data PL 94 171 Eugene city Oregon United States Census Bureau Archived from the original on February 25 2024 Retrieved February 25 2024 U S Census Bureau Delivers Oregon s 2010 Census Population Totals 2010 census gov February 23 2011 Archived from the original on December 29 2012 Retrieved December 31 2012 a b c d 2010 Census profiles Oregon cities alphabetically D G PDF Portland State University Archived from the original PDF on September 23 2013 Retrieved May 8 2011 Eugene city Oregon State amp County QuickFacts U S Census Bureau Archived from the original on May 21 2012 Retrieved May 17 2012 U S Census website United States Census Bureau Archived from the original on July 9 2021 Retrieved May 14 2011 Oregon Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Cities and Other Places Earliest Census to 1990 U S Census Bureau Archived from the original on August 12 2012 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report Fiscal Year Ended June 30 2010 City of Eugene Archived from the original PDF on December 1 2017 Retrieved December 31 2012 Eugene Zip Archived January 10 2011 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved October 9 2010 Taco Time Archived August 22 2010 at the Wayback Machine Entrepreneur Retrieved June 7 2010 Uston Ken September 1984 A family affair behind the scenes at Broderbund Archived December 4 2009 at the Wayback Machine Creative Computing 10 9 1 Retrieved June 7 2010 Run Gum Energy Run Gum Archived from the original on November 17 2018 Retrieved November 16 2018 Buri McDonald Sherri September 29 2009 Quick hynix deal planned Archived August 2 2014 at the Wayback Machine The Register Guard p A1 1 Archived August 2 2014 at the Wayback Machine The Register Guard Russo Ed and Sherri Buri McDonald November 2 2016 Broadcom to put former Hynix plant up for sale permanent dead link The Register Guard Luckey s History Luckey s Club Cigar Store 2014 Archived from the original on August 12 2014 Retrieved August 10 2014 Eugene and Willamette Valley Truffle Country Oregon Truffle Festival Oregon Truffle Festival Archived from the original on November 17 2018 Retrieved November 16 2018 FY17 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report City of Eugene Archived from the original on February 17 2017 Retrieved April 4 2017 Lueneburg Chris Rise in urban camping prompts short and long term change in homelessness strategy KEZI News Archived from the original on June 4 2021 Retrieved June 4 2021 Hughart Ron Westbrook Jeff April 14 2002 The 30 Iron Chef Futurama Season 3 Episode 22 Fox Gus Welcome to Bumbase Alpha the biggest hobo jungle in the quadrant Bender I ve seen bigger Oh wait I m thinking of Eugene Oregon Mann Joanna Pendleton Jennah Peterson Addie Sloan Silas June 17 2021 Swept Away Eugene Weekly Vol 40 no 24 pp 8 9 Ossie Bladine Philip April 20 2006 Hippie Culture s Still Alive Man Oregon Daily Emerald Archived from the original on August 20 2012 Retrieved May 28 2007 a b Pumper Molly December 15 2001 Remembering Ken Kesey Eugene Oregon USA BootsnAll Archived from the original on August 26 2016 Retrieved May 28 2007 Dietz Diane December 21 2006 Not the World s Greatest Slogan Eugene Wonders The Register Guard Archived from the original on June 2 2022 Retrieved December 31 2012 Eugene Oregon s Saturday Market Eugenesaturdaymarket org Archived from the original on November 4 2012 Retrieved November 13 2012 The history of the original Saturday Market Archived from the original on December 1 2008 Retrieved November 13 2007 Levinson David M Krizek Kevin J 2008 Place and Plexus Metropolitan Land Use and Transport Routledge p 232 ISBN 9781135974565 Retrieved November 10 2014 a b Hirst Jessica December 18 2008 Madison Meadow Saved Eugene Weekly Archived from the original on March 6 2017 Retrieved September 14 2009 Russo Edward April 5 2007 Clock ticking on Madison Meadow The Register Guard p C1 Archived from the original on November 7 2012 Retrieved August 1 2009 a b Madison Meadow Madison Meadow April 17 2008 Archived from the original on June 5 2013 Retrieved November 13 2012 Eugene OR 97405 Tax Exempt Organizations and 97405 Eugene Oregon Non Profit Organizations Taxexemptworld com August 21 2012 Archived from the original on February 17 2012 Retrieved November 13 2012 BEST OF EUGENE 2007 Tightrope Walkers and Trapeze Artists Eugene Weekly October 25 2007 Archived from the original on January 22 2016 Retrieved September 14 2009 Oregon Asian Celebration Asian Celebration 2014 Archived from the original on August 12 2014 Retrieved August 10 2014 a b KLCC Microbrew Festival KLCC Archived from the original on July 8 2017 Retrieved July 10 2017 Fiona Watkins Corrigan February 7 2018 Brewfest hops to the beat The Torch Archived from the original on April 7 2018 Retrieved April 6 2018 Upcoming Events and Festivals Archived from the original on August 12 2016 Retrieved October 8 2010 Oregon Festival of American Music 2014 The Shedd Institute 2014 Archived from the original on June 8 2016 Retrieved August 10 2014 Bash James July 10 2007 How Eugene turned into Bach Mecca Crosscut Archived from the original on October 4 2011 Retrieved August 20 2011 Oregon Bach Festival Archived from the original on July 30 2013 Retrieved December 27 2012 Oregon Country Fair Oregon Country Fair 2014 Archived from the original on July 5 2014 Retrieved August 10 2014 Lane County Fair Lane County Fair 2014 Archived from the original on August 12 2014 Retrieved August 10 2014 Eugene Springfield PRIDE Festival eugenepride org 2014 Archived from the original on August 12 2014 Retrieved August 10 2014 Eugene Celebration Parade and Evening Concert eugenecelebration com 2014 Archived from the original on August 14 2014 Retrieved August 10 2014 Feehan Jim August 26 2006 New queen gets a slug of r e s p e c t The Register Guard p D1 Archived from the original on March 15 2013 Retrieved July 15 2011 Lane County History Museum Lane County Historical Society amp Museum 2017 Archived from the original on January 2 2019 Retrieved December 3 2017 University Theatre Archived August 18 2011 at the Wayback Machine University of Oregon Mason Williams biography PDF MasonWilliams online com January 2005 pp 2 11 Archived PDF from the original on November 15 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from the original on April 4 2017 Retrieved July 1 2018 Steve Prefontaine and Running Legends Eugene Cascades amp Coast Archived from the original on February 3 2014 Retrieved March 11 2013 Discover Open Bible Churches Open Bible Churches Archived from the original on September 28 2011 Retrieved August 11 2011 Carter Paul September 8 2010 St John the Wonderworker A little church in Eugene carries on ancient traditions Eugene Register Guard Archived from the original on September 11 2010 Retrieved January 4 2012 Bjornstad Randi September 5 2010 Spiritual quest A Eugene man pursues the priesthood in the Serbian Orthodox Church Eugene Register Guard Archived from the original on August 2 2014 Retrieved January 4 2012 Bjornstad Randi July 13 2005 In Greek Families Food Takes Center Stage The Register Guard Retrieved March 25 2013 permanent dead link St Mary Catholic Church 2015 Archived from the original on June 26 2015 Retrieved June 13 2015 Archdiocese of Portland 2015 Archived from the 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Archived from the original on June 2 2014 Retrieved June 1 2014 New Saraha Nyingma Temple Opens in Eugene Northwest Dharma News 2012 Archived from the original on July 7 2017 Retrieved June 1 2014 First Congregational UCC Congregational Meeting February 24 2019 PDF First Congregational United Church of Christ of Eugene February 24 2019 Archived PDF from the original on December 29 2021 Retrieved December 29 2021 Fred Kerley runs down astonishing gold as US men sweep 100m at Worlds The Guardian July 17 2022 Archived from the original on July 25 2022 Retrieved July 18 2022 TRACKTOWN HISTORY amp LEGACY NEWS WCH 22 World Athletics worldathletics org Archived from the original on July 16 2022 Retrieved July 18 2022 Morse Parker June 3 2011 Why Eugene is TrackTown U S A Runner s World Archived from the original on July 11 2022 Retrieved July 18 2022 Eugene awarded 2021 IAAF World Championships Archived from the original on September 27 2019 Retrieved April 16 2015 Raley Dan October 28 2004 Nothing neighborly about Huskies vs Ducks Seattle Post Intelligencer Archived from the original on October 18 2012 Retrieved June 14 2011 Autzen Stadium GoDucks com Archived from the original on September 15 2015 Retrieved October 29 2007 Baker Mark February 18 2007 What counts about The Pit The Register Guard p G1 Archived from the original on April 27 2021 Retrieved February 20 2007 Matthew Knight Arena ready for debut KMTR com January 13 2011 Archived from the original on July 27 2011 Retrieved January 13 2011 The history of the Oregon Classic Oregon Classic Archived from the original on July 19 2011 Retrieved October 9 2010 City Facilities Skinner Butte Park Eugene OR 2014 Archived from the original on August 26 2014 Retrieved August 24 2014 Owen Rose Garden City of Eugene Archived from the original on October 25 2012 Retrieved December 31 2012 Black Tartarian Cherry at Owen Memorial Rose Garden Waymark com Archived from the original on June 6 2011 Retrieved February 11 2009 Oregon 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District Reference Map Lane County OR PDF Map 1 150 000 United States Census Bureau December 18 2020 Sheet 1 of 2 Archived PDF from the original on March 11 2024 Retrieved March 10 2024 Eugene Waldorf School Archived from the original on March 10 2013 Retrieved December 27 2012 Eugene Sudbury School Eugene Sudbury School Archived from the original on August 1 2012 Retrieved November 13 2012 Wellsprings Friends School Archived from the original on December 16 2008 Retrieved January 16 2009 Oak Hill School Archived from the original on September 4 2011 Retrieved November 27 2011 The Little French School Archived from the original on August 27 2011 Retrieved September 17 2011 Parochial Schools of Oregon Parochial School Directory Archived from the original on June 11 2009 Retrieved July 21 2009 UO Libraries quick facts University of Oregon March 12 2009 Archived from the original on January 17 2013 Retrieved May 1 2009 City of Eugene Public Library home page Archived from the original on December 25 2012 Retrieved December 31 2012 Miyazaki Noriko January 12 2004 New Eugene public library celebrates its first birthday The Daily Emerald Archived from the original on August 14 2012 Retrieved May 28 2007 The Register Guard Oregon Newspaper Publishers Association Archived from the original on October 6 2007 Retrieved February 27 2007 Stewart Jade May 17 2019 Disciples of Dirt makes trailwork and mountain biking a blast Daily Emerald Archived from the original on April 27 2021 Retrieved January 27 2021 Eugene one of top cities in nation for bicycling KVAL com October 20 2009 Archived from the original on April 10 2010 Retrieved March 10 2010 Bicycle Friendly Community Master List October 2009 PDF League of American Bicyclists October 20 2009 Archived from the original PDF on March 31 2010 Retrieved March 10 2010 Eugene OR Receives Gold Level from LAB Archived from the original on January 5 2010 Retrieved April 22 2010 Eugene Earns Top Five Ranking in List of Most Bike Friendly Cities in America PDF City of Eugene April 6 2010 Archived from the original PDF on April 24 2014 Retrieved December 31 2012 Bicycling s top 50 www bicycling com Archived from the original on March 18 2015 Retrieved September 17 2011 Maciag Mike October 16 2012 New Data Shows Where Americans Bike to Work Governing Archived from the original on July 5 2013 Retrieved April 24 2013 City of Eugene Announcement of Opening Airport Manager PDF City of Eugene Archived from the original PDF on July 21 2011 History of EWEB Archived September 19 2010 at the Wayback Machine Eugene Water amp Electric Board Retrieved October 9 2010 About Oregon Medical Group Archived from the original on April 6 2010 Retrieved April 28 2010 PeaceHealth Medical Group Archived from the original on August 21 2011 Retrieved August 11 2011 White Bird Clinic Archived from the original on April 12 2010 Retrieved April 28 2010 Doctors and Hospitals Health Care Resources PlanetEugene com Archived from the original on July 21 2010 Retrieved April 28 2010 Volunteers in Medicine Archived from the original on March 8 2010 Retrieved April 28 2010 Occupy Medical Archived from the original on April 3 2017 Retrieved April 4 2017 Oregon s fluoride phobia Portland like Eugene rejects water additive The Register Guard May 29 2013 Archived from the original on June 2 2019 Retrieved June 2 2019 Templeton Molly I Zombie The undead roam Eugene in a new comic series Eugene Weekly Archived from the original on September 18 2021 Retrieved September 18 2021 Palmer Susan February 10 2004 It s No Joke Eugene Gets a Plug on The Simpsons The Register Guard Archived from the original on September 18 2021 Retrieved September 18 2021 Lundin Ben July 14 2009 The Oregon bum Vanguard Archived from the original on September 18 2021 Retrieved September 18 2021 Sister Cities City of Eugene Archived from the original on September 27 2023 Retrieved November 12 2020 Eugene suspends sister city in Russia KLCC Archived from the original on October 30 2023 Retrieved February 4 2020 Further reading editStan Bettis Market Days An Informal History of the Eugene Producers Public Market Eugene OR Lane Pomona Grange Fraternal Society 1969 Anderson Wendell 2002 Eugene Springfield a contemporary portrait 1st ed Montgomery Ala Community Communications ISBN 1 58192 055 5 OCLC 50612315 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Eugene Oregon nbsp Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Eugene Oregon Official website Entry for Eugene in the Oregon Blue Book Eugene Register Guard Google news archive PDFs for 35 126 issues dating from 1867 through 2008 Eugene Encyclopaedia Britannica 11th ed 1911 Eugene Oregon C SPAN Cities Tour June 2017 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Eugene Oregon amp oldid 1221124045, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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