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List of largest cities

The United Nations uses three definitions for what constitutes a city, as not all cities in all jurisdictions are classified using the same criteria. Cities may be defined as the cities proper, the extent of their urban area, or their metropolitan regions.

Definitions

City proper (administrative)

 
The municipality of Chongqing, China, whose administrative jurisdictional area is approximately the size of Austria, has the largest population of any city proper; over 70% of its residents live in rural areas.

A city can be defined by its administrative boundaries, otherwise known as city proper. UNICEF defines city proper as, "the population living within the administrative boundaries of a city or controlled directly from the city by a single authority." A city proper is a locality defined according to legal or political boundaries and an administratively recognised urban status that is usually characterised by some form of local government.[1][2][3] Cities proper and their boundaries and population data may not include suburbs.[4]

The use of city proper as defined by administrative boundaries may not include suburban areas where an important proportion of the population working or studying in the city lives.[4] Because of this definition, the city proper population figure may differ greatly from the urban area population figure, as many cities are amalgamations of smaller municipalities (Australia), and conversely, many Chinese cities govern territories that extend well beyond the core urban area into suburban and rural areas.[5] The Chinese municipality of Chongqing, which is the largest city proper in the world by population, comprises a huge administrative area of 82,403 km2, around the size of Austria. However, more than 70% of its 30-million population are actually agricultural workers living in a rural setting.[6][7]

Urban area

A city can be defined as a conditionally contiguous urban area, without regard to territorial or other boundaries inside an urban area. UNICEF defines urban area as follows:

The definition of "urban" varies from country to country, and, with periodic reclassification, can also vary within one country over time, making direct comparisons difficult. An urban area can be defined by one or more of the following: administrative criteria or political boundaries (e.g., area within the jurisdiction of a municipality or town committee), a threshold population size (where the minimum for an urban settlement is typically in the region of 2,000 people, although this varies globally between 200 and 50,000), population density, economic function (e.g., where a significant majority of the population is not primarily engaged in agriculture, or where there is surplus employment) or the presence of urban characteristics (e.g., paved streets, electric lighting, sewerage).

According to Demographia, an urban area is a continuously built up land mass of urban development that is within a labor market (metropolitan area or metropolitan region) and contains no rural land.[8]

Metropolitan area

 
Tokyo, the world's largest city and metropolitan area

A city can be defined by the inhabitants of its demographic population, as by metropolitan area, or labour market area. UNICEF defines metropolitan area as follows:

A formal local government area comprising the urban area as a whole and its primary commuter areas, typically formed around a city with a large concentration of people (i.e., a population of at least 100,000). In addition to the city proper, a metropolitan area includes both the surrounding territory with urban levels of residential density and some additional lower-density areas that are adjacent to and linked to the city (e.g., through frequent transport, road linkages or commuting facilities).

In many countries, metropolitan areas are established either with an official organisation or only for statistical purposes. In the United States, metropolitan statistical area (MSA) is defined by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB).[9] In the Philippines, metropolitan areas have an official agency, such as Metropolitan Manila Development Authority (MMDA), which manages Manila metropolitan area.[10] Similar agencies exist in Indonesia, such as Jabodetabekjur Development Cooperation Agency for Jakarta metropolitan area.[11]

List

There are 81 cities in the world with a population exceeding 5 million people, according to 2018 estimates by the United Nations. The U.N. figures include a mixture of city proper, metropolitan area, and urban area.[12]

Gallery

See also

Notes

  1. ^ For urban/metropolitan areas that have more than one core city, the figure for their city proper should use either the most populous one (e.g. Dallas for Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex) or the best-known one (e.g. Manila for Metro Manila, instead of Quezon City).
  2. ^ UN figures for each cities are varied between city proper, metropolitan area, and urban agglomeration.[12]
  3. ^ Figures taken from official census when possible
  4. ^ Figures taken from official census when possible
  5. ^ Includes large areas Tokyo, Kanagawa, Chiba and Saitama prefectures and smaller areas of Gunma, Tochigi and Ibaraki prefectures.
  6. ^ Includes Faridabad, Ghaziabad, Noida, Gurgaon and Bahadurgarh urban areas and New Delhi.
  7. ^ Includes Taicang
  8. ^ Includes Francisco Morato
  9. ^ Includes Kalyan and urban areas of Panvel, Bhiwandi and Vasai-Virar.
  10. ^ Includes major cities of Kobe and Kyoto, collectively also known as Keihanshin area.
  11. ^ Includes Bridgeport, New Haven, Trenton, Danbury, Waterbury and Twin Rivers urban areas.
  12. ^ The continuous urbanization of Manila extends outward its Metro Manila into other neighbouring provinces such as Bulacan, Cavite, Laguna, Rizal, Pampanga and Batangas provinces.
  13. ^ Includes the city of Foshan.
  14. ^ Includes Tangerang, South Tangerang, Bogor, Bekasi and Karawang.
  15. ^ Included in Guangzhou
  16. ^ Includes the city of Fushun.
  17. ^ Includes the city of Fort Worth, collectively known as Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex.
  18. ^ Includes Pretoria
  19. ^ Includes the city of Baltimore.

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External links

  • UNSD Demographics Statistics – City population by sex, city and city type
  • Nordpil World Database of Large Urban Areas, 1950–2050

list, largest, cities, this, article, needs, updated, please, help, update, this, article, reflect, recent, events, newly, available, information, november, 2023, united, nations, uses, three, definitions, what, constitutes, city, cities, jurisdictions, classi. This article needs to be updated Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information November 2023 The United Nations uses three definitions for what constitutes a city as not all cities in all jurisdictions are classified using the same criteria Cities may be defined as the cities proper the extent of their urban area or their metropolitan regions Contents 1 Definitions 1 1 City proper administrative 1 2 Urban area 1 3 Metropolitan area 2 List 3 Gallery 4 See also 5 Notes 6 References 7 External linksDefinitionsCity proper administrative Main article City proper nbsp The municipality of Chongqing China whose administrative jurisdictional area is approximately the size of Austria has the largest population of any city proper over 70 of its residents live in rural areas A city can be defined by its administrative boundaries otherwise known as city proper UNICEF defines city proper as the population living within the administrative boundaries of a city or controlled directly from the city by a single authority A city proper is a locality defined according to legal or political boundaries and an administratively recognised urban status that is usually characterised by some form of local government 1 2 3 Cities proper and their boundaries and population data may not include suburbs 4 The use of city proper as defined by administrative boundaries may not include suburban areas where an important proportion of the population working or studying in the city lives 4 Because of this definition the city proper population figure may differ greatly from the urban area population figure as many cities are amalgamations of smaller municipalities Australia and conversely many Chinese cities govern territories that extend well beyond the core urban area into suburban and rural areas 5 The Chinese municipality of Chongqing which is the largest city proper in the world by population comprises a huge administrative area of 82 403 km2 around the size of Austria However more than 70 of its 30 million population are actually agricultural workers living in a rural setting 6 7 Urban area Main article Urban area A city can be defined as a conditionally contiguous urban area without regard to territorial or other boundaries inside an urban area UNICEF defines urban area as follows The definition of urban varies from country to country and with periodic reclassification can also vary within one country over time making direct comparisons difficult An urban area can be defined by one or more of the following administrative criteria or political boundaries e g area within the jurisdiction of a municipality or town committee a threshold population size where the minimum for an urban settlement is typically in the region of 2 000 people although this varies globally between 200 and 50 000 population density economic function e g where a significant majority of the population is not primarily engaged in agriculture or where there is surplus employment or the presence of urban characteristics e g paved streets electric lighting sewerage According to Demographia an urban area is a continuously built up land mass of urban development that is within a labor market metropolitan area or metropolitan region and contains no rural land 8 Metropolitan area Main article Metropolitan area nbsp Tokyo the world s largest city and metropolitan areaA city can be defined by the inhabitants of its demographic population as by metropolitan area or labour market area UNICEF defines metropolitan area as follows A formal local government area comprising the urban area as a whole and its primary commuter areas typically formed around a city with a large concentration of people i e a population of at least 100 000 In addition to the city proper a metropolitan area includes both the surrounding territory with urban levels of residential density and some additional lower density areas that are adjacent to and linked to the city e g through frequent transport road linkages or commuting facilities In many countries metropolitan areas are established either with an official organisation or only for statistical purposes In the United States metropolitan statistical area MSA is defined by the U S Office of Management and Budget OMB 9 In the Philippines metropolitan areas have an official agency such as Metropolitan Manila Development Authority MMDA which manages Manila metropolitan area 10 Similar agencies exist in Indonesia such as Jabodetabekjur Development Cooperation Agency for Jakarta metropolitan area 11 ListThere are 81 cities in the world with a population exceeding 5 million people according to 2018 estimates by the United Nations The U N figures include a mixture of city proper metropolitan area and urban area 12 City a Country UN 2018 population estimates b City proper c Urban area 8 Metropolitan area d Definition Population Area km2 Density km2 Population Area km2 Density km2 Population Area km2 Density km2 Tokyo nbsp Japan 37 468 000 Metropolis prefecture 13 515 271 2 191 6 169 13 37 732 000 8 231 4 584 e 37 274 000 13 452 2 771 14 Delhi nbsp India 28 514 000 Municipal corporation 16 753 235 1 484 11 289 15 32 226 000 2 344 13 748 f 29 000 000 3 483 8 326 16 Shanghai nbsp China 25 582 000 Municipality 24 870 895 6 341 3 922 17 18 24 073 000 4 333 5 556 g Sao Paulo nbsp Brazil 21 650 000 Municipality 12 252 023 1 521 8 055 19 23 086 000 3 649 6 327 h 21 734 682 7 947 2 735 20 Mexico City nbsp Mexico 21 581 000 City state 9 209 944 1 485 6 202 21 21 804 000 2 530 8 618 21 804 515 7 866 2 772 22 Cairo nbsp Egypt 20 076 000 Urban governorate 10 044 894 3 085 3 256 23 20 296 000 2 010 10 098 Mumbai nbsp India 19 980 000 Municipal corporation 12 478 447 603 20 694 24 24 973 000 976 25 587 i 24 400 000 4 355 5 603 25 Beijing nbsp China 19 618 000 Municipality 21 893 095 16 411 1 334 17 18 18 522 000 4 284 4 324 Dhaka nbsp Bangladesh 19 578 000 Capital city 10 295 407 338 30 460 26 27 18 627 000 619 30 092 14 543 124 28 Osaka nbsp Japan 19 281 000 Designated city 2 725 006 225 12 111 13 15 126 000 3 020 5 009 j 19 303 000 13 228 1 459 14 New York City nbsp United States 18 819 000 City 8 804 190 778 11 316 29 21 509 000 12 093 1 779 k MSA 19 557 311 CSA 23 143 097 30 12 093 1 665Karachi nbsp Pakistan 15 400 000 Metropolitan city 20 382 881 3 530 5 774 31 32 15 738 000 1 124 14 002 20 382 000 3 780 5 392 33 34 Buenos Aires nbsp Argentina 14 967 000 Autonomous city 3 054 300 203 15 046 35 16 710 000 3 437 4 862 12 806 866 36 Chongqing nbsp China 14 838 000 Municipality 32 054 159 82 403 389 37 18 12 135 000 1 580 7 680 Istanbul nbsp Turkey 14 751 000 Metropolitan municipality 15 519 267 5 196 2 987 38 14 441 000 1 471 9 817 Kolkata nbsp India 15 333 000 Municipal corporation 4 496 694 206 21 829 39 21 747 000 1 352 16 085 15 333 000 1 887 8 126 40 Manila nbsp Philippines 13 482 000 Capital city 1 780 148 43 41 399 41 24 922 000 1 911 13 041 l 12 877 253 620 20 770 41 Lagos nbsp Nigeria 13 463 000 Metropolitan city 16 637 000 1 966 8 462 21 000 000 1 171 17 933 42 Rio de Janeiro nbsp Brazil 13 293 000 Municipality 6 520 000 1 221 5 340 43 12 592 000 2 020 6 234 12 644 321 5 327 2 374 44 Tianjin nbsp China 13 215 000 Municipality 13 866 009 11 920 1 163 17 18 10 368 000 2 813 3 686 Kinshasa nbsp DR Congo 13 171 000 City province 14 565 700 9 965 1 462 45 12 836 000 474 27 080 Guangzhou nbsp China 12 638 000 City sub provincial 18 676 605 7 434 2 512 17 26 940 000 4 535 5 940 m Los Angeles nbsp United States 12 458 000 City 3 990 456 1 214 3 287 29 15 204 000 6 351 2 394 MSA 13 291 486 CSA 18 372 485 46 12 559 1 058Moscow nbsp Russia 12 410 000 Federal city 13 200 000 2 511 5 257 47 48 17 332 000 6 154 2 816 20 004 462 49 Shenzhen nbsp China 11 908 000 City sub provincial 17 494 398 2 050 8 534 17 17 619 000 1 803 9 772 Lahore nbsp Pakistan 13 004 135 Metropolitan city 13 004 135 1 772 7 339 50 12 306 000 945 13 022 Bangalore nbsp India 11 440 000 Municipal corporation 8 443 675 709 11 909 51 15 386 000 1 401 10 982 Paris nbsp France 10 901 000 Commune 2 148 271 105 20 460 52 11 060 000 2 853 3 877 12 244 807 18 941 646Bogota nbsp Colombia 10 574 000 Capital District 7 963 000 1 587 5 018 53 10 085 000 562 17 945 12 545 272 5 934 2 114 54 Jakarta nbsp Indonesia 10 517 000 Special capital region 10 154 134 664 15 292 55 33 756 000 3 546 9 519 n 33 430 285 7 063 4 733 56 Chennai nbsp India 10 456 000 Municipal corporation 6 727 000 426 15 791 57 58 12 395 000 1 085 11 424 11 564 000 2 280 5 072 59 Lima nbsp Peru 10 391 000 Metropolitan municipality 8 894 000 2 672 3 329 60 10 320 000 891 11 582 9 569 468 2 819 3 395 61 Bangkok nbsp Thailand 10 156 000 Special administrative area 8 305 218 1 569 5 293 62 18 007 000 3 199 5 629 16 255 900 7 762 2 094 63 Seoul nbsp South Korea 9 963 000 Special city 10 013 781 605 16 552 64 23 016 000 2 769 8 312 25 514 000 11 704 2 180 64 Nagoya nbsp Japan 9 507 000 Designated city 2 320 361 326 7 118 13 9 197 000 3 704 2 483 9 363 000 7 271 1 288 14 Hyderabad nbsp India 9 482 000 Municipal corporation 6 993 262 650 10 759 65 66 10 494 000 1 404 7 474 London nbsp United Kingdom 9 046 000 Capital city 8 825 001 1 572 5 614 67 11 262 000 1 738 6 480 14 372 596 68 8 382 1 715Tehran nbsp Iran 8 896 000 Capital city 9 033 003 751 12 028 69 70 14 148 000 1 704 8 303 Chicago nbsp United States 8 864 000 City 2 746 388 589 4 663 29 9 057 000 7 006 1 293 MSA 9 618 502 CSA 9 806 184 71 18 640 516Chengdu nbsp China 8 813 000 City sub provincial 20 937 757 14 378 1 456 17 20 937 757 1 935 10 821 Nanjing nbsp China 8 245 000 City sub provincial 9 314 685 6 582 1 415 17 8 422 000 1 614 5 218 Wuhan nbsp China 8 176 000 City sub provincial 12 447 718 8 494 1 465 17 12 447 718 1 722 7 229 Ho Chi Minh City nbsp Vietnam 8 145 000 Municipality 7 431 000 2 061 3 606 72 15 136 000 2 165 6 991 Luanda nbsp Angola 7 774 000 Municipality 2 165 867 116 18 671 73 9 051 000 1 005 9 006 Ahmedabad nbsp India 7 681 000 Municipal corporation 5 570 585 464 12 006 74 8 009 000 404 19 824 6 300 000 75 Kuala Lumpur nbsp Malaysia 7 564 000 City 1 768 000 243 7 276 76 8 911 000 2 163 4 120 7 200 000 2 793 2 578 77 Xi an nbsp China 7 444 000 City sub provincial 12 183 280 10 135 1 202 17 12 328 000 1 826 6 751 Hong Kong nbsp China 7 429 000 Special administrative region 7 298 600 1 104 6 611 78 79 7 450 000 290 25 690 Dongguan nbsp China 7 360 000 Prefecture level city 10 466 625 2 465 4 246 17 10 646 000 1 759 6 052 Hangzhou nbsp China 7 236 000 City sub provincial 11 936 010 16 596 719 17 9 523 000 1 344 7 086 Foshan nbsp China 7 236 000 Prefecture level city 9 498 863 3 848 2 469 17 o Shenyang nbsp China 6 921 000 City sub provincial 8 294 000 12 980 639 17 7 964 000 1 551 5 135 p Riyadh nbsp Saudi Arabia 6 907 000 Municipality 6 694 000 1 913 3 499 80 7 237 000 1 673 4 326 Baghdad nbsp Iraq 6 812 000 Urban governorate 8 126 755 5 200 1 563 81 6 183 000 694 8 909 Santiago nbsp Chile 6 680 000 City commune 236 453 22 10 748 82 7 171 000 1 147 6 252 7 112 808 15 403 462 83 Surat nbsp India 6 564 000 Municipal corporation 4 466 826 327 13 660 84 6 538 000 238 27 471 Madrid nbsp Spain 6 497 000 Municipality 3 266 126 606 5 390 85 6 211 000 1 365 4 550 6 641 649 Suzhou nbsp China 6 339 000 Prefecture level city 12 748 262 8 488 1 502 17 6 031 000 1 386 4 351 Pune nbsp India 6 276 000 Municipal corporation 3 124 458 276 11 321 86 8 231 000 650 12 663 7 276 000 7 256 1 003 87 Harbin nbsp China 6 115 000 City sub provincial 10 635 971 53 068 200 17 3 830 000 671 5 708 Houston nbsp United States 6 115 000 City 2 325 502 1 553 1 497 29 6 500 000 4 931 1 318 6 997 384 21 395 327 88 Dallas nbsp United States 6 099 000 City 1 345 047 882 1 525 29 6 950 000 5 278 1 317 q 7 470 158 22 463 333 89 Toronto nbsp Canada 6 082 000 City 2 731 571 630 4 336 90 91 6 771 000 2 344 2 889 5 928 040 5 906 1 004 92 Dar es Salaam nbsp Tanzania 6 048 000 City 5 383 728 1 393 3 865 93 7 962 000 961 8 285 Miami nbsp United States 6 036 000 City 470 914 93 5 069 29 6 058 000 3 313 1 829 6 158 824 15 890 388Belo Horizonte nbsp Brazil 5 972 000 City 2 502 557 331 7 563 5 328 000 1 287 4 140 5 156 217 9 459 545Singapore nbsp Singapore 5 792 000 Country 5 638 700 726 7 770 5 983 000 523 11 440 Philadelphia nbsp United States 5 695 000 Consolidated city county 1 526 006 370 4 129 5 799 000 5 429 1 068 MSA 6 096 120 CSA 7 381 187 Atlanta nbsp United States 5 572 000 City 498 715 354 1 408 5 478 000 7 400 740 5 949 951 21 690 274Fukuoka nbsp Japan 5 551 000 Designated city 1 588 924 343 4 627 2 286 000 505 4 527 Khartoum nbsp Sudan 5 534 000 1 410 858 94 7 869 000 1 031 7 632 Barcelona nbsp Spain 5 494 000 Municipality 1 620 343 101 15 980 95 4 800 000 1 072 4 478 5 474 482 96 Johannesburg nbsp South Africa 5 486 000 Metropolitan municipality 4 803 262 1 643 2 924 97 14 586 000 4 040 3 610 r Saint Petersburg nbsp Russia 5 383 000 Federal city 5 601 911 1 400 4 001 98 5 445 000 1 510 3 606 Qingdao nbsp China 5 381 000 City sub provincial 10 071 722 11 229 897 99 6 229 000 1 759 3 541 Dalian nbsp China 5 300 000 City sub provincial 7 450 785 13 742 542 100 4 135 000 1 044 3 961 Washington nbsp United States 5 207 000 Federal district 702 455 177 3 969 29 7 631 000 5 501 1 387 s 6 263 245 17 009 368 101 Yangon nbsp Myanmar 5 157 000 City 4 728 524 102 6 874 000 666 10 321 Alexandria nbsp Egypt 5 086 000 Urban governorate 5 441 866 2 300 2 366 103 4 712 000 293 16 082 Jinan nbsp China 5 052 000 City sub provincial 9 202 432 10 244 898 17 18 4 017 000 932 4 310 Guadalajara nbsp Mexico 5 023 000 Municipality 1 385 621 151 9 176 21 5 525 000 816 6 771 5 286 642 3 560 1 485Gallery nbsp Tokyo Japan 39 1 million people urban area nbsp Jakarta Indonesia 34 5 million people urban area nbsp Delhi India 32 2 million people urban area nbsp Seoul South Korea 26 million people metropolitan area nbsp Shanghai China 24 8 million people municipal area nbsp Manila Philippines 24 1 million people urban area nbsp Sao Paulo Brazil 22 million people metropolitan area nbsp Beijing China 21 9 million people municipal area nbsp Mexico City Mexico 21 8 million people metropolitan area nbsp Mumbai India 20 7 million people metropolitan area nbsp New York City U S 19 4 million people urban area See also nbsp Cities portal nbsp Geography portal nbsp Lists portal nbsp World portalHistorical urban community sizes List of largest cities throughout history List of cities with a million or more inhabitants List of towns and cities with 100 000 or more inhabitants List of largest cities by areaNotes For urban metropolitan areas that have more than one core city the figure for their city proper should use either the most populous one e g Dallas for Dallas Fort Worth metroplex or the best known one e g Manila for Metro Manila instead of Quezon City UN figures for each cities are varied between city proper metropolitan area and urban agglomeration 12 Figures taken from official census when possible Figures taken from official census when possible Includes large areas Tokyo Kanagawa Chiba and Saitama prefectures and smaller areas of Gunma Tochigi and Ibaraki prefectures Includes Faridabad Ghaziabad Noida Gurgaon and Bahadurgarh urban areas and New Delhi Includes Taicang Includes Francisco Morato Includes Kalyan and urban areas of Panvel Bhiwandi and Vasai Virar Includes major cities of Kobe and Kyoto collectively also known as Keihanshin area Includes Bridgeport New Haven Trenton Danbury Waterbury and Twin Rivers urban areas The continuous urbanization of Manila extends outward its Metro Manila into other neighbouring provinces such as Bulacan Cavite Laguna Rizal Pampanga and Batangas provinces Includes the city of Foshan Includes Tangerang South Tangerang Bogor Bekasi and Karawang Included in Guangzhou Includes the city of Fushun Includes the city of Fort Worth collectively known as Dallas Fort Worth metroplex Includes Pretoria Includes the city of Baltimore References World 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