The Bantawa Language (also referred to as An Yüng, Bantaba, Bantawa Dum, Bantawa Yong, Bantawa Yüng, Bontawa, Kirawa Yüng), is a Kiranti language spoken in the eastern Himalayan hills of eastern Nepal by Kirati Bantawa ethnic groups. They use a syllabic alphabet system known as Kirat Rai script . Among the Khambu or Rai people of Eastern Nepal, Sikkim, Darjeeling and Kalimpong in India. Bantawa is the largest language spoken.[3] According to the 2001 National Census, at least 1.63% of the Nepal's total population speaks Bantawa. About 370,000 speak Bantawa Language mostly in eastern hilly regions of Nepal (2001). Although Bantawa is among the more widely used variety of the Bantawa language, it falls in the below-100,000 category of endangered languages.[4] It is experiencing language shift to Nepali, especially in the northern region.[5]
Bantawa
बान्तावा
The word :Bantawa language written in Kirat Rai script
Most of the Bantawa clan are now settled in Bhojpur, Dharan, Illam, and Dhankuta. Recent figures show most of them are settled in Dharan. Bantawa is spoken in the following districts of Nepal (Ethnologue).
Amchaucke dialects: Sorung, Saharaja, Lulam, and Sukita
Wana Bantawa (also called simply Bantawa), spoken by the Bantawa subcaste. The Amchoke dialect is spoken in the Limbu area, especially in Ilam district.
Bantawa is also considered as a superior clan in the Kiranti family. Bantawa is also reportedly in use as a lingua franca among Rai minorities in Himalayan Sikkim, DarjeelingKalimpong In India and Bhutan. Meanwhile, the language is just being introduced in a few schools at the primary level (Year 1- Year 5)[7] using Devanagari script.[8][9]
The extinct Waling language attested from the late 19th century may have been a variety of Bantawa, or a closely related language, if not the Hatuwali dialect the Waling people speak today.
^Jadranka Gvozdanovic (2004). Morphosyntactic transparency in Bantawa(.pdf). Himalayan Languages: Past and Present, by Anju Saxena. ISBN9783110178418. Retrieved 2007-09-12.
^ . Archived from the original on 2008-03-05. Retrieved 2007-09-12.
^"Bantawa, A language of Nepal". from the original on December 1, 2007. Retrieved 2007-09-12.
Further reading
Winter, Werner. 2003. A Bantawa Dictionary. Trends in Linguistics - Documentation 20. Mouton de Gruyter: New York.
Doornenbal, Marius. 2009. A Grammar of Bantawa. Leiden University PhD Thesis. LOT Dissertation Series: Utrecht.
Nishi 西, Yoshio 義郎 (1992b). "バンタワ語" [Bantawa, Bantāwā, Bāntāwā, Bantava; Bontawa, Bontāwā; Buntāwā, Bāntuwā]. In 亀井 Kamei, 孝 Takashi; 河野 Kōno, 六郎 Rokurō; 千野 Chino, 栄一 Eichi (eds.). 三省堂言語学大辞典 The Sanseido Encyclopaedia of Linguistics (in Japanese). Vol. 3. Tokyo: 三省堂 Sanseido Press. pp. 380a–391a. ISBN4385152179.
External links
A Grammar of Bantawa
Bantawa: observations of a threatened language
May 21, 2023
bantawa, language, bantawa, language, also, referred, yüng, bantaba, bantawa, bantawa, yong, bantawa, yüng, bontawa, kirawa, yüng, kiranti, language, spoken, eastern, himalayan, hills, eastern, nepal, kirati, bantawa, ethnic, groups, they, syllabic, alphabet, . The Bantawa Language also referred to as An Yung Bantaba Bantawa Dum Bantawa Yong Bantawa Yung Bontawa Kirawa Yung is a Kiranti language spoken in the eastern Himalayan hills of eastern Nepal by Kirati Bantawa ethnic groups They use a syllabic alphabet system known as Kirat Rai script Among the Khambu or Rai people of Eastern Nepal Sikkim Darjeeling and Kalimpong in India Bantawa is the largest language spoken 3 According to the 2001 National Census at least 1 63 of the Nepal s total population speaks Bantawa About 370 000 speak Bantawa Language mostly in eastern hilly regions of Nepal 2001 Although Bantawa is among the more widely used variety of the Bantawa language it falls in the below 100 000 category of endangered languages 4 It is experiencing language shift to Nepali especially in the northern region 5 Bantawaब न त व The word Bantawa language written in Kirat Rai scriptRegionNepal and Sikkim Darjeeling Kalimpong in IndiaEthnicityBantawa Kirawa natively Native speakers170 000 2001 amp 2011 censuses 1 Language familySino Tibetan Mahakiranti KirantiBantawaWriting systemKirat Rai 2 DevanagariOfficial statusOfficial language in Nepal Province No 1 additional India Sikkim additional Language codesISO 639 3 a href https iso639 3 sil org code bap class extiw title iso639 3 bap bap a inclusive codeIndividual code a href https iso639 3 sil org code wly class extiw title iso639 3 wly wly a WalingGlottologbant1280ELPBantawaBantawa is classified as Vulnerable by the UNESCO Atlas of the World s Languages in DangerBantawa is spoken in subject object verb order and has no noun classes or genders 6 Contents 1 Dialects 2 Bantawa language 3 Phonology 3 1 Vowels 3 2 Consonants 4 References 5 Further reading 6 External linksDialects EditThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed October 2021 Learn how and when to remove this template message Most of the Bantawa clan are now settled in Bhojpur Dharan Illam and Dhankuta Recent figures show most of them are settled in Dharan Bantawa is spoken in the following districts of Nepal Ethnologue Province No 1 Bhojpur District Dhankuta District Ilam District Jhapa District Khotang District Morang District Okhaldhunga District Panchthar District Sunsari District Taplejung District and Udayapur District Sikkim Darjeeling Kalimpong of IndiaDialects are as follows Ethnologue Northern Bantawa Dilpali Northern subdialects Mangpahang Raipachha Awaichha Rungchenbung and Yangma dd Southern Bantawa Chewali Okhreli Hatuwali Hangkhim Southern and Northern Bantawa similar could be united as Intermediate Bantawa dd Eastern Bantawa Dhankuta Eastern dialect is the most divergent It is most closely related to Dungmali language though also related to Puma language Sampang language and Chhintange language dd Western Bantawa Amchoke Amchauke Amchaucke dialects Sorung Saharaja Lulam and Sukita dd Wana Bantawa also called simply Bantawa spoken by the Bantawa subcaste The Amchoke dialect is spoken in the Limbu area especially in Ilam district Bantawa is also considered as a superior clan in the Kiranti family Bantawa is also reportedly in use as a lingua franca among Rai minorities in Himalayan Sikkim Darjeeling Kalimpong In India and Bhutan Meanwhile the language is just being introduced in a few schools at the primary level Year 1 Year 5 7 using Devanagari script 8 9 The extinct Waling language attested from the late 19th century may have been a variety of Bantawa or a closely related language if not the Hatuwali dialect the Waling people speak today Bantawa language EditThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed October 2021 Learn how and when to remove this template message Bantawa Nepali EnglishSewa आल ङ स व नमस त Good Morning Afternoon Evening Kok क क भ त Food RiceKhan ख न तरक र CurryManachi मन च म न सहर PeopleDiwa द व ब ज GrandfatherDima द म बज Grandmotherpapa प प ब ब Fathermama म म आम MotherNana न न द द Elder sisterNichhama न छ म बह न Little SisterDewa द व ठ ल ब ब Uncle elder to dadDema द म बड आम Aunt Elder to Dad Dad s elder sister in lawBaŋa ब ङ क क Uncle younger to DadChhɘna छ न क क Younger uncle wifebuwa ब व द ज Elder BrotherNichha Duwachha न छ द व छ भ इ Younger BrotherNichha O Chhachi न छ ओ छ च भ इ बह न क छ र छ र Brothers children Son DaughterAachhuwa आछ व म म Mother s Brother ChhuwaPhepwa फ प व प स Money Phekwa YaangTeet त त ल ग ClothsChaeˀwa च व प न Water ChakwaMe म आग FireThuli थ ल प ठ FlourSampicha स म प च क द MilletKhawat Wachhon ख व त व छ न ज र Locally brew wineHengmawa ह ङम व रक स Rum Whisky BrandySaa स म स Meatchhuna छ न फ प Aunt Father s sister chunaaDiwa Dima द व द म हज रब व हज रआम Grandfather GrandmotherOyatni ओय त न यह HereMoyatni म य त न त यह ThereKhadatni ख द त न कह WhereDemni द म न कत HowMonni म न न यत म त र This muchChama च म ख न to EatTacha तच ख न ह Do you want to eat Koke Tacha क क तच ख न ख न ह Do you eat rice munima ब र ल CatPhonology EditVowels Edit Vowel phonemes Front Central BackunroundedClose i ɨ e uClose mid e oOpen mid ʌOpen aʌ vowel comes in Bantawa due to influence of Nepali language and it is rarely used like in other Tibetan Burmese language nowadays some dialect or in region may pronounce ɨ as ʌ u or e Example mɨk eye pronounce as mʌk pɨ snake as pʌ Consonants Edit Bantawa consonant phonemes Bilabial Dental Apico alveolar Lamino alveolar Palatal Velar GlottalNasal m म n न ŋ ङ Plosive Affricate voiceless unaspirated p प t त t ट t s च k क ʔ aspirated pʰ फ t ʰ थ tʰ ठ t sʰ छ kʰ ख voiced unaspirated b ब d द d ड d z ज ɡ ग aspirated bʱ भ d ʱ ध dʱ ढ d zʱ झ ɡʱ घ Fricative s स ɦ ह Trill r र Lateral l ल Approximant w व j य Glotta stop ʔ is one of the consonants of Bantawa language which is represent by using Dental consonant and Apico alveolar does not make any difference while speaking To write Bantawa language either Kirat Rai script or Devanagari lipi is being used in Nepal References Edit Bantawa at Ethnologue 18th ed 2015 subscription required Waling at Ethnologue 18th ed 2015 subscription required Kirat Rai script Omniglot Language use among the Bantawa Homogeneity education access and relative prestige SIL International 2013 01 28 Retrieved 2017 02 10 Bantawa observations of a threatened language robbie eugraph com Retrieved 2017 02 10 Bantawa Ethnologue Retrieved 2017 02 10 Bantawa Ethnologue Retrieved 2017 02 10 Jadranka Gvozdanovic 2004 Morphosyntactic transparency in Bantawa pdf Himalayan Languages Past and Present by Anju Saxena ISBN 9783110178418 Retrieved 2007 09 12 The Bantawa Rai of Nepal Archived from the original on 2008 03 05 Retrieved 2007 09 12 Bantawa A language of Nepal Archived from the original on December 1 2007 Retrieved 2007 09 12 Further reading EditWinter Werner 2003 A Bantawa Dictionary Trends in Linguistics Documentation 20 Mouton de Gruyter New York Doornenbal Marius 2009 A Grammar of Bantawa Leiden University PhD Thesis LOT Dissertation Series Utrecht Nishi 西 Yoshio 義郎 1992b バンタワ語 Bantawa Bantawa Bantawa Bantava Bontawa Bontawa Buntawa Bantuwa In 亀井 Kamei 孝 Takashi 河野 Kōno 六郎 Rokurō 千野 Chino 栄一 Eichi eds 三省堂言語学大辞典 The Sanseido Encyclopaedia of Linguistics in Japanese Vol 3 Tokyo 三省堂 Sanseido Press pp 380a 391a ISBN 4385152179 External links EditA Grammar of Bantawa Bantawa observations of a threatened language Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bantawa language amp oldid 1145475730, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
