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The Nightmare Before Christmas

January 01, 1970

This article is about the film. For other uses, see The Nightmare Before Christmas (disambiguation).

The Nightmare Before Christmas (also known as Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas) is a 1993 American stop-motion animated musical fantasy film directed by Henry Selick in his feature directorial debut and produced and conceived by Tim Burton. It tells the story of Jack Skellington, the King of "Halloween Town", who stumbles upon "Christmas Town" and schemes to take over the holiday. Danny Elfman wrote the songs and score and provided the singing voice of Jack.[6] The principal voice cast includes Chris Sarandon, Catherine O'Hara, William Hickey, Ken Page, Paul Reubens, Glenn Shadix, and Ed Ivory.

The Nightmare Before Christmas
Theatrical release poster
Directed byHenry Selick
Screenplay byCaroline Thompson
Adaptation byMichael McDowell
Story byTim Burton
Based onCharacters
by Tim Burton
Produced by
Starring
CinematographyPete Kozachik
Edited byStan Webb
Music byDanny Elfman
Production
companies
Distributed byBuena Vista Pictures Distribution[2]
Release dates
Running time
76 minutes[3]
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Budget$24 million[4]
Box office$101.2 million[5]

The Nightmare Before Christmas originated from a poem written by Burton in 1982 while he was working as an animator at Walt Disney Productions. With the critical success of Vincent that same year, Burton began to consider developing the film as either a short film or a half-hour television special, to no avail. Over the years, Burton's thoughts regularly returned to the project, and, in 1990, he made a development deal with Walt Disney Studios. Production started in July 1991 in San Francisco; Disney initially released the film through the Touchstone Pictures label because the studio believed the film would be "too dark and scary for kids".[1]

The Nightmare Before Christmas premiered at the New York Film Festival on October 9, 1993, and was given a limited release on October 13, before its wide theatrical release on October 29. The film was met with commercial and critical success upon release, earning praise for its animation, particularly the innovation of stop-motion as an art form, as well as its characters, songs, and score. While initially a modest box office hit, it has since garnered a large cult following and is widely regarded as one of the greatest animated films of all time.[7][8][9][10][11] It was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects, a first for an animated film, but lost to Jurassic Park.[12] The film has been reissued by Walt Disney Pictures and was re-released annually in Disney Digital 3-D from 2006 until 2010.

In 2023, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically or aesthetically significant."[13]

Plot edit

Halloween Town is a fantasy world populated by various monsters and beings associated with the holiday ("This is Halloween"). Jack Skellington, the well-respected "Pumpkin King," leads the town in organizing the annual Halloween celebrations. Unknown to the citizens, however, he has grown tired of the same annual routine this year and wants something new ("Jack's Lament"). Wandering in the woods the next morning, he discovers several trees containing doors, which lead to other holiday-themed worlds (Christmas, Easter, Thanksgiving, Independence Day, Valentine's Day and Saint Patrick's Day). Stumbling through the one leading to Christmas Town and awed by the unfamiliar holiday, Jack develops an obsession for it ("What's This").

Jack returns home to share his discovery with his friends and neighbors. They relate to Christmas Town's ruler, Santa Claus (whom Jack mistakenly calls "Sandy Claws"), but are unfamiliar with the concept of Christmas and conflate its customs with the Halloween traditions that they are used to ("Town Meeting Song"). Frustrated, Jack isolates himself in his house and studies Christmas further, intent upon finding a way to rationally explain it ("Jack's Obsession"). When days of study and experimentation accomplish nothing, however, Jack abandons his attempts to understand Christmas and decides to "improve" the holiday instead.

Jack announces that Halloween Town will take over Christmas this year and assigns Christmas-themed jobs, such as singing carols, making presents ("Making Christmas") and building a sleigh pulled by skeletal reindeer, to various residents. Sally, a feminine creation of local mad scientist Doctor Finkelstein, experiences a vision detailing that their efforts will end in disaster. Jack, whom she secretly loves, dismisses her warnings and instructs her to make a Santa Claus suit for him. He also tasks a mischievous trick-or-treating trio named Lock, Shock and Barrel with abducting Santa ("Kidnap the Sandy Claws"); however, he orders the youngsters not to involve his long-time rival Oogie Boogie, a bogeyman with a passion for gambling, in their plot.

When Lock, Shock and Barrel bring Santa to Halloween Town (after mistakenly kidnapping the Easter Bunny first), Jack tells Santa that he will take care of Christmas this year and orders the trio to keep Santa safe. However, they disobey Jack's orders and bring Santa to Oogie, who plots to play a game with Santa's life at stake ("Oogie Boogie's Song"). Meanwhile, despite her best efforts, Sally is unable to stop Jack from proceeding with his plan ("Sally's Song"). As Jack departs to deliver presents in the real world, she attempts to rescue Santa from Oogie, only to be captured herself.

Unknown to Jack at first, his presents terrify the real world's populace, who contact the authorities and are instructed by them to lock down their homes and residences for protection. When word spreads about Jack's actions, he is shot down by military forces, causing him to crash in a cemetery. While the residents of Halloween Town believe him to be dead, Jack actually survived the ordeal. Bemoaning the disaster that he has caused ("Poor Jack"), he realizes that he enjoyed the experience nonetheless, reigniting his love for Halloween, but must act fast to fix the mess he had caused.

Upon returning home, Jack rescues Santa and Sally, then confronts Oogie and defeats him by unraveling a thread holding his cloth form together, causing all of the bugs inside Oogie to spill out and reduce him to nothing. Jack then apologizes to Santa, who scolds him for the chaos that he caused and for ignoring Sally's warnings. As Santa departs, however, both he and Sally assure Jack that Christmas can still be saved.

Santa resumes his yearly duties as he replaces Jack's presents with genuine ones, while all of Halloween Town celebrates Jack's survival and return ("Finale / Reprise"). To assure Jack that there are no hard feelings between them, Santa brings a snowfall to the town, thereby bringing the Christmas spirit upon it and, in a way, fulfilling Jack's original dream. The citizens finally realize the true meaning of Christmas, while Jack and Sally declare their love for each other and share a kiss.

Voice cast edit

Main article: List of The Nightmare Before Christmas characters
 
Chris Sarandon (2017)
 
Catherine O'Hara (2005)
The voices for Jack Skellington's spoken lines and Sally were respectively provided by Sarandon and O'Hara.
  • Chris Sarandon (speaking voice) and Danny Elfman (singing voice) as Jack Skellington, a skeleton known as the "Pumpkin King" of Halloween Town. Elfman was initially cast as Jack's singing voice and, after the songs were recorded, Sarandon was cast to match Elfman's voice style.[14][15]
    • Elfman also voices:
      • Barrel, one of the trick-or-treaters working for Oogie Boogie.
      • The Clown with the Tear-Away Face, a self-described clown who rides a unicycle.
  • Catherine O'Hara as Sally, a rag doll/Frankenstein's monster-like creation of Finkelstein and Jack's love interest. She is a toxicologist who uses various types of poison to liberate herself from the captivity of her "father." She is also psychic and has premonitions when anything bad is about to happen. O'Hara had previously co-starred in Burton's Beetlejuice.
    • O'Hara also voices Shock, one of the trick-or-treaters working for Oogie Boogie.
  • William Hickey as Doctor Finkelstein, a mad scientist and the loving but overbearing "father" of Sally. He is listed in the credits only as "Evil Scientist" and is only mentioned by name twice in the film.
  • Glenn Shadix as the Mayor of Halloween Town, an enthusiastic leader who conducts town meetings. His head spins between a "happy" and "sad" face, mirroring his wild mood swings; where some career politicians are described as figuratively two-faced, the mayor is literally so. Shadix and Burton had previously worked on Beetlejuice.
  • Ken Page as Oogie Boogie, a villainous bogeyman in Halloween Town, who has a passion for gambling and rivalry with Jack.
  • Ed Ivory as Santa Claus, the ruler of Christmas Town. Santa is responsible for the annual celebration of Christmas, in which he delivers presents to children in the real world. He is also referred to by Jack and Halloween Town's residents as "Sandy Claws." Ivory also provides the brief narration at the start of the film.
  • Joe Ranft as Igor, one of Dr Finkelstein's creations and his lab assistant.
  • Paul Reubens as Lock, one of the trick-or-treaters working for Oogie Boogie. Reubens and Burton had previously worked on Pee-wee's Big Adventure and Batman Returns.

The cast also features Kerry Katz, Carmen Twillie, Randy Crenshaw, Lisa Donovan Lukas, Debi Durst, Glenn Walters, Sherwood Ball, John Morris and Greg Proops voicing various characters. Patrick Stewart recorded narration for a prologue and epilogue. While not used in the final film, the narration is included on the soundtrack album.[16]

Production edit

Development edit

 
 
Director Henry Selick and producer/creator Tim Burton.

As writer Burton's upbringing in Burbank, California, was associated with the feeling of solitude, the filmmaker was largely fascinated by holidays during his childhood. "Anytime there was Christmas or Halloween, […] it was great. It gave you some sort of texture all of a sudden that wasn't there before," Burton would later recall.[17] After completing his short film Vincent in 1982,[17] Burton, who was then employed at Walt Disney Feature Animation, wrote a three-page poem titled The Nightmare Before Christmas, drawing inspiration from television specials of Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer, How the Grinch Stole Christmas! and the poem A Visit from St. Nicholas.[18] Burton intended to adapt the poem into a television special with the narration spoken by his favorite actor, Vincent Price,[19] but also considered other options such as a children's book.[20] He created concept art and storyboards for the project in collaboration with Rick Heinrichs, who also sculpted character models;[21][22] Burton later showed his and Heinrichs' works-in-progress to Henry Selick, also a Disney animator at the time.[23] After the success of Vincent in 1982, Disney started to consider developing The Nightmare Before Christmas as either a short film or 30-minute holiday television special.[21] However, the project's development eventually stalled, as its tone seemed "too weird" to the company.[24] As Disney was unable to "offer his nocturnal loners enough scope", Burton was fired from the studio in 1984[19] and went on to direct the commercially successful films Beetlejuice (1988) and Batman (1989) for Warner Bros. Pictures.[24]

Over the years, Burton regularly thought about the project. In 1990, Burton found out that Disney still owned the film rights.[25] He and Selick committed to produce a full-length film with the latter as director.[23] Burton's own success with live-action films piqued the interest of Walt Disney Studios chairman Jeffrey Katzenberg, who saw the film as an opportunity to continue the studio's streak of recent successes in feature animation.[26] Disney was looking forward to Nightmare "to show capabilities of technical and storytelling achievements that were present in Who Framed Roger Rabbit."[27] Walt Disney Pictures president David Hoberman believed the film would prove to be a creative achievement for Disney's image, elaborating "we can think outside the envelope. We can do different and unusual things."[26]

Nightmare marked Burton's third consecutive film with a Christmas setting. Burton could not direct because of his commitment to Batman Returns, and he did not want to be involved with "the painstakingly slow process of stop motion".[23] To adapt his poem into a screenplay, Burton approached Michael McDowell, his collaborator on Beetlejuice. McDowell and Burton experienced creative differences, which convinced Burton to make the film as a musical with lyrics and compositions by frequent collaborator Danny Elfman. Elfman and Burton created a rough storyline and two-thirds of the film's songs.[4] Elfman found writing Nightmare's eleven songs to be "one of the easiest jobs I've ever had. I had a lot in common with Jack Skellington."[21] Caroline Thompson had yet to be hired to write the screenplay.[4] With Thompson's screenplay, Selick stated, "there are very few lines of dialogue that are Caroline's. She became busy on other films and we were constantly rewriting, re-configuring and developing the film visually."[28]

Filming edit

Selick and his team of animators began production in July 1991 in San Francisco, California, with a crew of over 120 workers, utilizing 20 sound stages for filming.[23][29] Joe Ranft was hired from Disney as a storyboard supervisor, while Eric Leighton was hired to supervise animation.[30] At the peak of production, 20 individual stages were simultaneously being used for filming.[31] In total, there were 109,440 frames taken for the film. The work of Ray Harryhausen, Ladislas Starevich, Edward Gorey, Étienne Delessert, Gahan Wilson, Charles Addams, Jan Lenica, Francis Bacon, and Wassily Kandinsky influenced the filmmakers. Selick described the production design as akin to a pop-up book.[21][28] In addition, Selick stated, "When we reach Halloween Town, it's entirely German Expressionism. When Jack enters Christmas Town, it's an outrageous Dr. Seuss-esque setpiece. Finally, when Jack is delivering presents in the 'Real World', everything is plain, simple and perfectly aligned."[32] Vincent Price, Don Ameche, and James Earl Jones were considered to provide the narration for the film's prologue; however, all proved difficult to cast, and the producers instead hired local voice artist Ed Ivory.[14] Patrick Stewart provided the prologue narration for the film's soundtrack.

On the direction of the film, Selick reflected, "It's as though he [Burton] laid the egg, and I sat on it and hatched it. He wasn't involved in a hands-on way, but his hand is in it. It was my job to make it look like 'a Tim Burton film', which is not so different from my own films."[28] When asked about Burton's involvement, Selick claimed, "I don't want to take away from Tim, but he was not in San Francisco when we made it. He came up five times over two years, and spent no more than eight or ten days in total."[28] Walt Disney Feature Animation contributed with digital effects and some second-layering traditional animation.[23] Burton found production somewhat difficult, because he was simultaneously filming Batman Returns and pre-production of Ed Wood.[4]

The filmmakers constructed 227 puppets to represent the characters in the movie, with Jack Skellington having "around four hundred heads", allowing the expression of every possible emotion.[33] Sally's mouth movements "were animated through the replacement method. During the animation process, […] only Sally's face 'mask' was removed in order to preserve the order of her long, red hair. Sally had ten types of faces, each made with a series of eleven expressions (e.g. eyes open and closed, and various facial poses) and synchronized mouth movements."[34] The stop-motion figurine of Jack was reused in James and the Giant Peach (also directed by Selick) as Captain Jack.[35]

Soundtracks edit

Main articles: The Nightmare Before Christmas (soundtrack) and Nightmare Revisited
 
Composer Danny Elfman.

The film's soundtrack album was released in 1993 on Walt Disney Records. The film's soundtrack contains bonus tracks, including a longer prologue and an extra epilogue, both narrated by Sir Patrick Stewart. For the film's 2006 re-release in Disney Digital 3-D, a special edition of the soundtrack was released, featuring a bonus disc that contained covers of five of the film's songs by Fall Out Boy, Panic! at the Disco, Marilyn Manson, Fiona Apple, and She Wants Revenge. Four original demo tracks by Elfman were also included.[36] On September 30, 2008, Disney released the cover album Nightmare Revisited, featuring artists such as Amy Lee, Flyleaf, Korn, Rise Against, Plain White T's, The All-American Rejects, and many more.[37]

American gothic rock band London After Midnight featured a cover of "Sally's Song" on their 1998 album Oddities.

LiLi Roquelin performed a French cover of "Sally's Song" on her album Will you hate the rest of the world or will you renew your life? in 2010.

Pentatonix released a cover of "Making Christmas" for their 2018 Christmas album Christmas Is Here!.[38]

In 2003, the Disneyland Haunted Mansion Holiday soundtrack CD was released. Although most of the album's songs are not original ones from the film, one song is a medley of "Making Christmas", "What's This?", and "Kidnap the Sandy Claws". Other songs included are original holiday songs changed to incorporate the theme of the film. However, the last song is the soundtrack for the Disneyland Haunted Mansion Holiday ride.

Release edit

The Nightmare Before Christmas was originally going to be released under Walt Disney Pictures as part of the Walt Disney Feature Animation lineup, but Disney decided to release the film under the studio's adult-oriented Touchstone Pictures banner, because the studio thought the film would be "too dark and scary for kids," Selick remembered. "Their biggest fear, and why it was kind of a stepchild project, [was] they were afraid of their core audience hating the film and not coming."[39] To convey Burton's involvement and attract a wider audience, Disney marketed the film as Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas.[26] Burton explained that, "…it turned more into more of a brand-name thing, it turned into something else, which I'm not quite sure about."[4] The film made its world premiere on the opening day celebration of the New York Film Festival on October 9, 1993,[40] and was given a limited release on October 13, 1993, before its wide theatrical release on October 29, 1993.

The Nightmare Before Christmas was reissued under the Walt Disney Pictures label and re-released on October 20, 2006, with conversion to Disney Digital 3-D, and was accompanied by Pixar's short film Knick Knack.[1] Industrial Light & Magic assisted in the process.[30] The film subsequently received three re-releases on October 19, 2007, October 24, 2008, and October 23, 2009.[41] The El Capitan Theatre in Hollywood, California, has been showing the film in 4-D screenings annually in October, ending on Halloween, since 2010.[42] The reissues have led to a reemergence of 3-D films and advances in RealD Cinema.[43][44]

In October 2020, The Nightmare Before Christmas was re-released in 2,194 theaters. It made $1.323 million over the weekend, finishing fourth behind Tenet.[45] For the film's 30th anniversary and in commemoration of The Walt Disney Company's centennial, it was re-released in theaters across the United States and Canada on October 20, 2023, including engagements in 4DX.[46]

Home media edit

With years of successful home video sales, The Nightmare Before Christmas later achieved the ranks of a cult film.[30] Touchstone Home Video first released the film on VHS on September 30, 1994, and on DVD on December 2, 1997.[47] The Nightmare Before Christmas was released on DVD a second time on October 3, 2000, as a special edition. The release included an audio commentary by Selick and cinematographer Pete Kozachik, a 28-minute making-of documentary, a gallery of concept art, storyboards, test footage and deleted scenes. Burton's Vincent and Frankenweenie were also included.[48] Both DVDs were non-anamorphic widescreen releases. The film was released on UMD for PlayStation Portable on October 25, 2005.[49]

Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment released the film on DVD again (this time with an anamorphic transfer) and on Blu-ray Disc (for the first time) on August 26, 2008, as a two-disc digitally remastered "collector's edition", but still containing the same special features.[50][51]

Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment released The Nightmare Before Christmas on Blu-ray 3D on August 30, 2011. The release included a Blu-ray 3D disc, Blu-ray disc and a DVD that includes both a DVD and digital copy of the film.

In 2018, Disney issued a singalong version of the film, accompanied by the theatrical cut and a Movies Anywhere copy, as a single-disc version for the film's 25th anniversary.[52] The singalong version was also released on Disney+ on September 30, 2022.

In celebration of 30th anniversary, the film was remastered in 4K and was released on 4K Blu-ray, including extra content, on August 22, 2023.[53][54]

Marketing edit

Disney has extensively marketed the film and its characters across many forms of media and memorabilia, including action figures, books, games, art crafts, and fashion products. Jack Skellington, Sally, Pajama Jack, and the Mayor have been made into bendable figures,[55] while Jack and Sally even appear in fine art.[56] Sally has been made into an action figure and a Halloween costume.[57]

Various Disneyland and the branching theme parks host attractions featuring Nightmare characters, particularly during Halloween and Christmas seasons. Since 2001, Disneyland has given its Haunted Mansion Holiday attraction a Nightmare Before Christmas theme for the holiday season. It features characters, decorations and music from the film, in addition to Mickey's Not-So-Scary Halloween Party and Mickey's Halloween Party featuring the film's characters.[58] Additionally, Jack hosts the Halloween Screams, HalloWishes, and Not So Spooky Spectacular! fireworks shows at Magic Kingdom (where the host is Ghost Host) and Disneyland (where the host is Jack himself), as well as the Frightfully Fun Parade.[59]

Reception edit

Box office edit

Around the release of the film, Hoberman was quoted, "I hope Nightmare goes out and makes a fortune. If it does, great. If it doesn't, that doesn't negate the validity of the process. The budget was less than any Disney blockbuster so it doesn't have to earn Aladdin-sized grosses to satisfy us."[21] The film earned $50 million in the United States in its initial theatrical run[41] and was regarded as a moderate sleeper hit.

The Nightmare Before Christmas made an additional $11.1 million in box office gross in its 2006 reissue.[60] The 2007, 2008, 2009, 2020, and 2023 reissues earned $15.8 million, $2.5 million, $2.3 million, and $10 million, respectively[clarification needed], increasing the film's total box office gross to $101.2 million.[41][61]

Critical response edit

On Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds a rating of 95% based on 106 reviews, with an average rating of 8.4/10. The site's critics consensus reads, "The Nightmare Before Christmas is a stunningly original and visually delightful work of stop-motion animation."[62] On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 82 out of 100, based on 30 critics, indicating "universal acclaim".[63] Audiences surveyed by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade "B+" on an A+ to F scale.[64]

Roger Ebert praised the film's visual inventiveness: "One of the many pleasures of Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas is that there is not a single recognizable landscape in it. Everything looks strange and haunting. Even Santa Claus would be difficult to recognize without his red-and-white uniform." He wrote that it presented a world "that is as completely new as the worlds we saw for the first time in such films as Metropolis, The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari and Star Wars. What all of these films have in common is a visual richness, so abundant they deserve more than one viewing." He wrote that "The songs by Danny Elfman are fun too, a couple of them using lyrics so clever they could be updated from Gilbert & Sullivan. And the choreography, liberated from gravity and reality, has an energy of its own, as when the furniture, the architecture, and the very landscape itself gets in on the act." He notes that "some of the Halloween creatures might be a tad scary for smaller children, but this is the kind of movie older kids will eat up; it has the kind of offbeat, subversive energy that tells them wonderful things are likely to happen."[65]

Peter Travers of Rolling Stone called it a restoration of "originality and daring to the Halloween genre. This dazzling mix of fun and fright also explodes the notion that animation is kid stuff. … It's 74 minutes of timeless movie magic."[66] James Berardinelli stated "The Nightmare Before Christmas has something to offer just about everyone. For the kids, it's a fantasy celebrating two holidays. For the adults, it's an opportunity to experience some light entertainment while marveling at how adept Hollywood has become at these techniques. There are songs, laughs, and a little romance. In short, The Nightmare Before Christmas does what it intends to: entertain."[67] Desson Thomson of The Washington Post enjoyed the film's similarities to the writings of Oscar Wilde and the Brothers Grimm, as well as The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari and other German Expressionist films.[68]

Michael A. Morrison discusses the influence of Dr. Seuss' How the Grinch Stole Christmas! on the film, writing that Jack parallels the Grinch and Zero parallels Max, the Grinch's dog.[69] Philip Nel writes that the film "challenges the wisdom of adults through its trickster characters", contrasting Jack as a "good trickster" with Oogie Boogie, whom he also compares with Seuss' Dr. Terwilliker as a bad trickster.[70] Entertainment Weekly reports that fan reception of these characters borders on obsession, profiling Laurie and Myk Rudnick, a couple whose "degree of obsession with [the] film is so great that … they named their son after the real-life person that a character in the film is based on."[71] This enthusiasm for the characters has also been profiled as having spread beyond North America to Japan.[72] Yvonne Tasker notes "the complex characterization seen in The Nightmare Before Christmas".[73]

Accolades edit

The film was nominated for both the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects and the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation. Nightmare won the Saturn Award for Best Fantasy Film, while Elfman won Best Music. Selick and the animators were also nominated for their work. Elfman was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score. Most recently, the film ranked #1 on Rotten Tomatoes' "Top 25 Best Christmas Movies" list.[74]

Legacy edit

Blink 182's 2003 song "I Miss You" makes reference to the film.[75][76]

The third and fourth episodes of the fifth season of Fargo feature a group of characters that wear masks depicting characters from the movie, including Jack Skellington.

Possible sequel edit

In 2002, Disney began to consider producing a sequel, but rather than using stop motion, they wanted to use computer animation.[77] Burton convinced Disney to drop the idea. "I was always very protective of [The Nightmare Before Christmas], not to do sequels or things of that kind," Burton explained. "You know, Jack visits Thanksgiving world or other kinds of things just because I felt the movie had a purity to it and the people that like it, because it's a mass-market kind of thing, it was important to kind of keep that purity of it."[44] The 2004 video game The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge did serve as a sequel of the film, with Capcom's crew of developers going after Burton for advice[78] and having the collaboration of the film's art director, Deane Taylor.[79] In 2009, Selick said he would do a film sequel if he and Burton could create a good story for it.[80]

In February 2019, it was reported that a new Nightmare Before Christmas film was in the works with Disney considering either a stop-motion sequel or live-action remake.[81] In October 2019, Chris Sarandon expressed interest on reprising his role as Jack Skellington if a sequel film ever materializes.[82]

On February 22, 2021, it was announced by Disney Publishing that a sequel was given to the 1993 film in the form of a young adult novel, released as Long Live the Pumpkin Queen. It was written by Shea Ernshaw and features Sally as the main character, told through her point-of-view, with events taking place after the film.[83] The book was released on August 2, 2022.[84]

In October 2023, Selick stated that he would like to do a prequel film about how Jack became king of Halloween Town.[85][86] The following month, however, Burton claimed that he did not want to see any further projects in that universe.[87]

Related media edit

Toys and games edit

A collectible card game based on the film called The Nightmare Before Christmas TCG was released in 2005 by NECA. The game was designed by Quixotic Games founder Andrew Parks[88] and Zev Shlasinger. It consists of a Premiere set and 4 Starter Decks based on four characters, Jack Skellington, the Mayor, Oogie Boogie, and Doctor Finkelstein. Each Starter Deck contains a rule book, a Pumpkin King card, a Pumpkin Points card, and a 48-card deck. The game has four card types: Characters, Locales, Creations, and Surprises. The Cards' rarities are separated into four categories: Common, Uncommon, Rare, Ultra Rare.

Quixotic Games also developed The Nightmare Before Christmas Party Game that was released in 2007 by NECA.[89]

A collector's edition The Nightmare Before Christmas-themed Jenga game was issued with orange, purple and black blocks with Jack Skellington heads on them. The set comes in a coffin-shaped box instead of the normal rectangular box.[90]

A 168-card Munchkin Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas-themed Munchkin was developed by USAopoly featuring the citizens of Halloween Town such as Jack Skellington, Oogie Boogie, Doctor Finkelstein, and Lock, Shock and Barrel. The game comes with a custom die similar to the ones used by Oogie Boogie in the film.[91][92]

On September 15, 2020, a Nightmare Before Christmas-themed tarot card deck and guidebook was released and the illustration was done by Abigail Larson.[93] On October 27, 2023, Disney partnered with Mattel to produce a Jack and Sally doll under their Monster High toyline.[94]

Books, comics, and manga edit

In 1993, a pop-up book based on the film was released on October 1.[95] Another pop-up book calendar titled Nightmare Before Christmas Pop-Up Book and Advent Calendar was released September 29, 2020.[96][97] Jack is the titular character in the short story "Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas: Jack's Story".[98] Disney Press released a Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas Party Cookbook: Recipes and Crafts for the Perfect Spooky Party on August 21, 2017.[99] A behind-the-scenes art book titled Tim Burton's Nightmare Before Christmas: The Film, the Art, the Vision was released on October 14, 1993, and a Disney Editions Deluxe edition was published July 28, 2009.[100][101]

In 2006, a picture book containing the poem Tim Burton wrote that originated the film was released on August 15.[102] In celebration of the film's 20th anniversary, the poem was re-released with a hardcover edition in 2013.[103] On July 20, 2009, an illustrated book covering a rendition of "The Twelve Days of Christmas" song titled Nightmare Before Christmas: The 13 Days of Christmas was published. In celebration of the film's 25th anniversary, a book and CD, featuring narration and sound effects, was released on July 3, 2018.[104]

In honor of the film's 25th anniversary, a Cinestory Comic made by Disney and published by Joe Books LTD was released on September 26, 2017.[105] A graphic novel retelling of the film by Joe Books LTD was released on July 31, 2018, and digital and hardcover versions were released August 25, 2020.[106][107] On November 26, 2020, a novel retelling of the film version was released as part of the Disney Animated Classics series.[108] In 2021, another version of Nightmare Before Christmas 13 Days of Christmas came out on July 6 and was soon followed by Little Golden Books's release of their adaptation of Nightmare Before Christmas on July 13, 2021.[109][110]

In 2017, Tokyopop secured exclusive licensing for two manga adaptions for Nightmare Before Christmas, with the first manga being an adaptation of the film's plot line, with art by Jun Asuka, released October 17.[111][112] The second manga, a fully colored series illustrated by Kei Ishiyama and titled Zero's Journey, chronicles the adventures of Jack's dog, Zero, in his experiences beginning in Christmas Town after accidentally getting separated from Jack, who tries to find him, and acts as a sequel to the film, with Tim Burton's story approval.[113] The 20 issues were first published monthly, starting on October 2, and then collected into four full-color graphic novels, with a black-and-white collector's edition manga edition as well.[114][115] Starting on July 21, 2021, Tokyopop released another sequel manga centered around Sally, titled The Nightmare Before Christmas: Mirror Moon, written by Mallory Reaves and fully-colored series illustrated by Gabriella Chianello, and Nataliya Torretta. The first two issues will be collected into a graphic novel that is slated to be released on October 26.[116][117][118]

A novelization of the film written by Daphne Skinner was published on January 1, 1994.[119] On August 2, 2022, a young adult novel titled Long Live the Pumpkin Queen by Shea Ernshaw was released. With Sally as the protagonist, with the premise described as "...takes place shortly after the movie ends. It's the yet-to-be-told love story of Sally and Jack. But it's also a coming-of-age story for Sally, as we see her navigate her new royal title as the Pumpkin Queen of Halloween Town". The novel introduced new characters and explored Sally's past, as well as exploring other holiday worlds as Sally and Jack tackle a mysterious villain Sally has accidentally unleashed.[83][120][121][122]

On November 1, 2022, Tokyopop announced a full-colored graphic novel series titled Disney Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas: The Battle for Pumpkin King, which centers around the friendship and rivalry between a young Jack Skellington and Oogie Boogie. The graphic novel consisted of five issues, starting with the first release in May 2023, and the full graphic novel edition is available in September 2023.[123][124][125]

A novelization for The Nightmare Before Christmas, written by Megan Shepherd was released on July 4, 2023, to celebrate the 30th anniversary.[126] On July 20, 2023, Shepherd also revealed that she will be writing a sequel to Ernshaw's Pumpkin Queen book and is expected to be released in 2024.[127][128]

On July 19, 2023, Disney announced that it is partnering with Dynamite Entertainment to publish new comics based on the film, with the first project being written by Torunn Grønbekk.[129][130][131]

On August 22, 2023, Epic Ink published a cultural book titled "Disney Tim Burton’s The Nightmare Before Christmas Beyond Halloween Town: The Story, the Characters, and the Legacy'" by writer Emily Zemler.[132]

Video games edit

The Nightmare Before Christmas has inspired video game spin-offs, including Oogie's Revenge and The Pumpkin King.

The Kingdom Hearts series includes Halloween Town as a world, appearing in the titles Kingdom Hearts, Chain of Memories, Kingdom Hearts II, and 358/2 Days, with Christmas Town also as a major area in Kingdom Hearts II. Jack Skellington appears as a party member of the protagonist, Sora, while other important characters from the film appear as supporting characters in the world. The games adapt parts of the plot of The Nightmare Before Christmas.

A Jack Skellington figurine is available for the Disney Infinity video game, allowing the character to be playable in the game's "Toy Box Mode".[133] The main characters of the film (except Santa Claus) appear as playable characters in the video game Disney Magic Kingdoms, as well as in some attractions based on locations of the film, in new storylines in which the characters are involved.[134][135][136][137] Jack and Oogie Boogie are featured as playable units in many Disney-related mobile games, such as Disney Heroes: Battle Mode, Disney Sorcerer's Arena, and Disney Mirrorverse.

In December 2021, a collaboration between Disney and Fall Guys released a seasonal challenge themed after The Nightmare Before Christmas, which was available from December 16 through December 27.[138][139]

In September 2023, Disney Dreamlight Valley released a patch update featuring furniture, clothing and motifs inspired by the film.

In October 2023, Fortnite collaborated with Disney to make the Jack Skellington costume and other The Nightmare Before Christmas-themed cosmetics for the Fortnitemares 2023 event.[140]

Rocket League released The Nightmare Before Christmas-themed cosmetics and items for their Haunted Hallows Event from October 18 to November 1, 2023.[141][142]

Concerts edit

 
Elfman's The Nightmare Before Christmas live at the Hollywood Bowl, 2015.

A live concert, produced by Disney Concerts, was held at the Hollywood Bowl in October 2015 and was followed by subsequent performances in 2016 and 2018. The shows featured Elfman, O'Hara, and Page reprising their roles from the film. In December 2019, this show came to Europe, with dates in Edinburgh, Glasgow, London and Dublin.[143]

A one-night-only virtual benefit concert presentation of the film, presented by The Actors Fund and produced by James Monroe Iglehart with the cooperation of Burton, Elfman, Disney and Actors' Equity Association, streamed on October 31, 2020. 100% of the proceeds will benefit the Lymphoma Research Foundation, as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on the performing arts. The cast included Iglehart as Oogie Boogie, along with Rafael Casal as Jack Skellington, Adrienne Warren as Sally, Danny Burstein as Santa Claus and the Narrator, Nik Walker as Lock, Lesli Margherita as Shock and Rob McClure as Barrel. Rounding out the cast were Kathryn Allison, Jenni Barber, Erin Elizabeth Clemons, Fergie L. Phillipe, Jawan M. Jackson and Brian Gonzalez.[144][145]

In October 2021, Disney hosted a live-to-film concert of Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas for two nights at LA's Banc of California Stadium on October 29 and 31. The show featured Billie Eilish singing as Sally and Danny Elfman reprising his role as Jack. Ken Page reprised the role of Oogie Boogie, while "Weird Al" Yankovic sang as Shock. The concert included a full orchestra led by acclaimed conductor John Mauceri to perform the film's score and songs live.[146][147][148][149]

In October 2021, Disney announced that they were hosting another live-to-film concert at the OVO Arena Wembley in London on December 9 and 10, 2022. The show featured Elfman and Page reprising their respective roles, while John Mauceri returned as conductor alongside the BBC Concert Orchestra. Acclaimed singer and songwriter Phoebe Bridgers took on the role of Sally.[150]

In October 2023, Disney hosted another concert from October 27–29 at the Hollywood Bowl. Elfman, Page, Catherine O'Hara, and other guest stars are set to appear, including Halsey, who is sharing the role of Sally with O'Hara.[151][152] However, days before the concert, Halsey dropped out from her role due to a "scheduling conflict".[153][154] The 2023 concert series was dedicated to Paul Reubens, the original voice of Lock, who died in July that year.

Other media edit

Disney Interactive Studios released an As Told by Emoji animated adaptation of The Nightmare Before Christmas in 2016, which can be found on their official YouTube channel.[155]

In 2019, a behind-the-scenes podcast series about The Nightmare Before Christmas was made, featuring the animators, producers and other crew discussing the making of the movie, totaling 38 episodes.[156]

See also edit

References edit

Notes
  1. ^ The Nightmare Before Christmas has been reissued as a Walt Disney Pictures release since 2006.[1]
Footnotes
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Further reading edit

External links edit

 
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  • Official website
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  • The Nightmare Before Christmas at Rotten Tomatoes
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  • Scalzi, John (August 28, 2008). . AMC. Archived from the original on September 12, 2008.
  • Nightmare Before Christmas Behind The Scenes A time lapse of the stop-motion animation process.

January 01, 1970
nightmare, before, christmas, this, article, about, film, other, uses, disambiguation, also, known, burton, 1993, american, stop, motion, animated, musical, fantasy, film, directed, henry, selick, feature, directorial, debut, produced, conceived, burton, tells. This article is about the film For other uses see The Nightmare Before Christmas disambiguation The Nightmare Before Christmas also known as Tim Burton s The Nightmare Before Christmas is a 1993 American stop motion animated musical fantasy film directed by Henry Selick in his feature directorial debut and produced and conceived by Tim Burton It tells the story of Jack Skellington the King of Halloween Town who stumbles upon Christmas Town and schemes to take over the holiday Danny Elfman wrote the songs and score and provided the singing voice of Jack 6 The principal voice cast includes Chris Sarandon Catherine O Hara William Hickey Ken Page Paul Reubens Glenn Shadix and Ed Ivory The Nightmare Before ChristmasTheatrical release posterDirected byHenry SelickScreenplay byCaroline ThompsonAdaptation byMichael McDowellStory byTim BurtonBased onCharactersby Tim BurtonProduced byTim Burton Denise Di NoviStarringDanny Elfman Chris Sarandon Catherine O Hara William Hickey Glenn Shadix Paul Reubens Ken Page Ed IvoryCinematographyPete KozachikEdited byStan WebbMusic byDanny ElfmanProductioncompaniesTouchstone Pictures note 1 Skellington Productions 2 Distributed byBuena Vista Pictures Distribution 2 Release datesOctober 9 1993 1993 10 09 New York Film Festival October 29 1993 1993 10 29 United States Running time76 minutes 3 CountryUnited StatesLanguageEnglishBudget 24 million 4 Box office 101 2 million 5 The Nightmare Before Christmas originated from a poem written by Burton in 1982 while he was working as an animator at Walt Disney Productions With the critical success of Vincent that same year Burton began to consider developing the film as either a short film or a half hour television special to no avail Over the years Burton s thoughts regularly returned to the project and in 1990 he made a development deal with Walt Disney Studios Production started in July 1991 in San Francisco Disney initially released the film through the Touchstone Pictures label because the studio believed the film would be too dark and scary for kids 1 The Nightmare Before Christmas premiered at the New York Film Festival on October 9 1993 and was given a limited release on October 13 before its wide theatrical release on October 29 The film was met with commercial and critical success upon release earning praise for its animation particularly the innovation of stop motion as an art form as well as its characters songs and score While initially a modest box office hit it has since garnered a large cult following and is widely regarded as one of the greatest animated films of all time 7 8 9 10 11 It was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects a first for an animated film but lost to Jurassic Park 12 The film has been reissued by Walt Disney Pictures and was re released annually in Disney Digital 3 D from 2006 until 2010 In 2023 the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being culturally historically or aesthetically significant 13 Contents 1 Plot 2 Voice cast 3 Production 3 1 Development 3 2 Filming 4 Soundtracks 5 Release 5 1 Home media 5 2 Marketing 6 Reception 6 1 Box office 6 2 Critical response 6 3 Accolades 7 Legacy 8 Possible sequel 9 Related media 9 1 Toys and games 9 2 Books comics and manga 9 3 Video games 9 4 Concerts 9 5 Other media 10 See also 11 References 12 Further reading 13 External linksPlot editHalloween Town is a fantasy world populated by various monsters and beings associated with the holiday This is Halloween Jack Skellington the well respected Pumpkin King leads the town in organizing the annual Halloween celebrations Unknown to the citizens however he has grown tired of the same annual routine this year and wants something new Jack s Lament Wandering in the woods the next morning he discovers several trees containing doors which lead to other holiday themed worlds Christmas Easter Thanksgiving Independence Day Valentine s Day and Saint Patrick s Day Stumbling through the one leading to Christmas Town and awed by the unfamiliar holiday Jack develops an obsession for it What s This Jack returns home to share his discovery with his friends and neighbors They relate to Christmas Town s ruler Santa Claus whom Jack mistakenly calls Sandy Claws but are unfamiliar with the concept of Christmas and conflate its customs with the Halloween traditions that they are used to Town Meeting Song Frustrated Jack isolates himself in his house and studies Christmas further intent upon finding a way to rationally explain it Jack s Obsession When days of study and experimentation accomplish nothing however Jack abandons his attempts to understand Christmas and decides to improve the holiday instead Jack announces that Halloween Town will take over Christmas this year and assigns Christmas themed jobs such as singing carols making presents Making Christmas and building a sleigh pulled by skeletal reindeer to various residents Sally a feminine creation of local mad scientist Doctor Finkelstein experiences a vision detailing that their efforts will end in disaster Jack whom she secretly loves dismisses her warnings and instructs her to make a Santa Claus suit for him He also tasks a mischievous trick or treating trio named Lock Shock and Barrel with abducting Santa Kidnap the Sandy Claws however he orders the youngsters not to involve his long time rival Oogie Boogie a bogeyman with a passion for gambling in their plot When Lock Shock and Barrel bring Santa to Halloween Town after mistakenly kidnapping the Easter Bunny first Jack tells Santa that he will take care of Christmas this year and orders the trio to keep Santa safe However they disobey Jack s orders and bring Santa to Oogie who plots to play a game with Santa s life at stake Oogie Boogie s Song Meanwhile despite her best efforts Sally is unable to stop Jack from proceeding with his plan Sally s Song As Jack departs to deliver presents in the real world she attempts to rescue Santa from Oogie only to be captured herself Unknown to Jack at first his presents terrify the real world s populace who contact the authorities and are instructed by them to lock down their homes and residences for protection When word spreads about Jack s actions he is shot down by military forces causing him to crash in a cemetery While the residents of Halloween Town believe him to be dead Jack actually survived the ordeal Bemoaning the disaster that he has caused Poor Jack he realizes that he enjoyed the experience nonetheless reigniting his love for Halloween but must act fast to fix the mess he had caused Upon returning home Jack rescues Santa and Sally then confronts Oogie and defeats him by unraveling a thread holding his cloth form together causing all of the bugs inside Oogie to spill out and reduce him to nothing Jack then apologizes to Santa who scolds him for the chaos that he caused and for ignoring Sally s warnings As Santa departs however both he and Sally assure Jack that Christmas can still be saved Santa resumes his yearly duties as he replaces Jack s presents with genuine ones while all of Halloween Town celebrates Jack s survival and return Finale Reprise To assure Jack that there are no hard feelings between them Santa brings a snowfall to the town thereby bringing the Christmas spirit upon it and in a way fulfilling Jack s original dream The citizens finally realize the true meaning of Christmas while Jack and Sally declare their love for each other and share a kiss Voice cast editMain article List of The Nightmare Before Christmas characters nbsp Chris Sarandon 2017 nbsp Catherine O Hara 2005 The voices for Jack Skellington s spoken lines and Sally were respectively provided by Sarandon and O Hara Chris Sarandon speaking voice and Danny Elfman singing voice as Jack Skellington a skeleton known as the Pumpkin King of Halloween Town Elfman was initially cast as Jack s singing voice and after the songs were recorded Sarandon was cast to match Elfman s voice style 14 15 Elfman also voices Barrel one of the trick or treaters working for Oogie Boogie The Clown with the Tear Away Face a self described clown who rides a unicycle Catherine O Hara as Sally a rag doll Frankenstein s monster like creation of Finkelstein and Jack s love interest She is a toxicologist who uses various types of poison to liberate herself from the captivity of her father She is also psychic and has premonitions when anything bad is about to happen O Hara had previously co starred in Burton s Beetlejuice O Hara also voices Shock one of the trick or treaters working for Oogie Boogie William Hickey as Doctor Finkelstein a mad scientist and the loving but overbearing father of Sally He is listed in the credits only as Evil Scientist and is only mentioned by name twice in the film Glenn Shadix as the Mayor of Halloween Town an enthusiastic leader who conducts town meetings His head spins between a happy and sad face mirroring his wild mood swings where some career politicians are described as figuratively two faced the mayor is literally so Shadix and Burton had previously worked on Beetlejuice Ken Page as Oogie Boogie a villainous bogeyman in Halloween Town who has a passion for gambling and rivalry with Jack Ed Ivory as Santa Claus the ruler of Christmas Town Santa is responsible for the annual celebration of Christmas in which he delivers presents to children in the real world He is also referred to by Jack and Halloween Town s residents as Sandy Claws Ivory also provides the brief narration at the start of the film Joe Ranft as Igor one of Dr Finkelstein s creations and his lab assistant Paul Reubens as Lock one of the trick or treaters working for Oogie Boogie Reubens and Burton had previously worked on Pee wee s Big Adventure and Batman Returns The cast also features Kerry Katz Carmen Twillie Randy Crenshaw Lisa Donovan Lukas Debi Durst Glenn Walters Sherwood Ball John Morris and Greg Proops voicing various characters Patrick Stewart recorded narration for a prologue and epilogue While not used in the final film the narration is included on the soundtrack album 16 Production editDevelopment edit nbsp nbsp Director Henry Selick and producer creator Tim Burton As writer Burton s upbringing in Burbank California was associated with the feeling of solitude the filmmaker was largely fascinated by holidays during his childhood Anytime there was Christmas or Halloween it was great It gave you some sort of texture all of a sudden that wasn t there before Burton would later recall 17 After completing his short film Vincent in 1982 17 Burton who was then employed at Walt Disney Feature Animation wrote a three page poem titled The Nightmare Before Christmas drawing inspiration from television specials of Rudolph the Red Nosed Reindeer How the Grinch Stole Christmas and the poem A Visit from St Nicholas 18 Burton intended to adapt the poem into a television special with the narration spoken by his favorite actor Vincent Price 19 but also considered other options such as a children s book 20 He created concept art and storyboards for the project in collaboration with Rick Heinrichs who also sculpted character models 21 22 Burton later showed his and Heinrichs works in progress to Henry Selick also a Disney animator at the time 23 After the success of Vincent in 1982 Disney started to consider developing The Nightmare Before Christmas as either a short film or 30 minute holiday television special 21 However the project s development eventually stalled as its tone seemed too weird to the company 24 As Disney was unable to offer his nocturnal loners enough scope Burton was fired from the studio in 1984 19 and went on to direct the commercially successful films Beetlejuice 1988 and Batman 1989 for Warner Bros Pictures 24 Over the years Burton regularly thought about the project In 1990 Burton found out that Disney still owned the film rights 25 He and Selick committed to produce a full length film with the latter as director 23 Burton s own success with live action films piqued the interest of Walt Disney Studios chairman Jeffrey Katzenberg who saw the film as an opportunity to continue the studio s streak of recent successes in feature animation 26 Disney was looking forward to Nightmare to show capabilities of technical and storytelling achievements that were present in Who Framed Roger Rabbit 27 Walt Disney Pictures president David Hoberman believed the film would prove to be a creative achievement for Disney s image elaborating we can think outside the envelope We can do different and unusual things 26 Nightmare marked Burton s third consecutive film with a Christmas setting Burton could not direct because of his commitment to Batman Returns and he did not want to be involved with the painstakingly slow process of stop motion 23 To adapt his poem into a screenplay Burton approached Michael McDowell his collaborator on Beetlejuice McDowell and Burton experienced creative differences which convinced Burton to make the film as a musical with lyrics and compositions by frequent collaborator Danny Elfman Elfman and Burton created a rough storyline and two thirds of the film s songs 4 Elfman found writing Nightmare s eleven songs to be one of the easiest jobs I ve ever had I had a lot in common with Jack Skellington 21 Caroline Thompson had yet to be hired to write the screenplay 4 With Thompson s screenplay Selick stated there are very few lines of dialogue that are Caroline s She became busy on other films and we were constantly rewriting re configuring and developing the film visually 28 Filming edit Selick and his team of animators began production in July 1991 in San Francisco California with a crew of over 120 workers utilizing 20 sound stages for filming 23 29 Joe Ranft was hired from Disney as a storyboard supervisor while Eric Leighton was hired to supervise animation 30 At the peak of production 20 individual stages were simultaneously being used for filming 31 In total there were 109 440 frames taken for the film The work of Ray Harryhausen Ladislas Starevich Edward Gorey Etienne Delessert Gahan Wilson Charles Addams Jan Lenica Francis Bacon and Wassily Kandinsky influenced the filmmakers Selick described the production design as akin to a pop up book 21 28 In addition Selick stated When we reach Halloween Town it s entirely German Expressionism When Jack enters Christmas Town it s an outrageous Dr Seuss esque setpiece Finally when Jack is delivering presents in the Real World everything is plain simple and perfectly aligned 32 Vincent Price Don Ameche and James Earl Jones were considered to provide the narration for the film s prologue however all proved difficult to cast and the producers instead hired local voice artist Ed Ivory 14 Patrick Stewart provided the prologue narration for the film s soundtrack On the direction of the film Selick reflected It s as though he Burton laid the egg and I sat on it and hatched it He wasn t involved in a hands on way but his hand is in it It was my job to make it look like a Tim Burton film which is not so different from my own films 28 When asked about Burton s involvement Selick claimed I don t want to take away from Tim but he was not in San Francisco when we made it He came up five times over two years and spent no more than eight or ten days in total 28 Walt Disney Feature Animation contributed with digital effects and some second layering traditional animation 23 Burton found production somewhat difficult because he was simultaneously filming Batman Returns and pre production of Ed Wood 4 The filmmakers constructed 227 puppets to represent the characters in the movie with Jack Skellington having around four hundred heads allowing the expression of every possible emotion 33 Sally s mouth movements were animated through the replacement method During the animation process only Sally s face mask was removed in order to preserve the order of her long red hair Sally had ten types of faces each made with a series of eleven expressions e g eyes open and closed and various facial poses and synchronized mouth movements 34 The stop motion figurine of Jack was reused in James and the Giant Peach also directed by Selick as Captain Jack 35 Soundtracks editMain articles The Nightmare Before Christmas soundtrack and Nightmare Revisited nbsp Composer Danny Elfman The film s soundtrack album was released in 1993 on Walt Disney Records The film s soundtrack contains bonus tracks including a longer prologue and an extra epilogue both narrated by Sir Patrick Stewart For the film s 2006 re release in Disney Digital 3 D a special edition of the soundtrack was released featuring a bonus disc that contained covers of five of the film s songs by Fall Out Boy Panic at the Disco Marilyn Manson Fiona Apple and She Wants Revenge Four original demo tracks by Elfman were also included 36 On September 30 2008 Disney released the cover album Nightmare Revisited featuring artists such as Amy Lee Flyleaf Korn Rise Against Plain White T s The All American Rejects and many more 37 American gothic rock band London After Midnight featured a cover of Sally s Song on their 1998 album Oddities LiLi Roquelin performed a French cover of Sally s Song on her album Will you hate the rest of the world or will you renew your life in 2010 Pentatonix released a cover of Making Christmas for their 2018 Christmas album Christmas Is Here 38 In 2003 the Disneyland Haunted Mansion Holiday soundtrack CD was released Although most of the album s songs are not original ones from the film one song is a medley of Making Christmas What s This and Kidnap the Sandy Claws Other songs included are original holiday songs changed to incorporate the theme of the film However the last song is the soundtrack for the Disneyland Haunted Mansion Holiday ride Release editThe Nightmare Before Christmas was originally going to be released under Walt Disney Pictures as part of the Walt Disney Feature Animation lineup but Disney decided to release the film under the studio s adult oriented Touchstone Pictures banner because the studio thought the film would be too dark and scary for kids Selick remembered Their biggest fear and why it was kind of a stepchild project was they were afraid of their core audience hating the film and not coming 39 To convey Burton s involvement and attract a wider audience Disney marketed the film as Tim Burton s The Nightmare Before Christmas 26 Burton explained that it turned more into more of a brand name thing it turned into something else which I m not quite sure about 4 The film made its world premiere on the opening day celebration of the New York Film Festival on October 9 1993 40 and was given a limited release on October 13 1993 before its wide theatrical release on October 29 1993 The Nightmare Before Christmas was reissued under the Walt Disney Pictures label and re released on October 20 2006 with conversion to Disney Digital 3 D and was accompanied by Pixar s short film Knick Knack 1 Industrial Light amp Magic assisted in the process 30 The film subsequently received three re releases on October 19 2007 October 24 2008 and October 23 2009 41 The El Capitan Theatre in Hollywood California has been showing the film in 4 D screenings annually in October ending on Halloween since 2010 42 The reissues have led to a reemergence of 3 D films and advances in RealD Cinema 43 44 In October 2020 The Nightmare Before Christmas was re released in 2 194 theaters It made 1 323 million over the weekend finishing fourth behind Tenet 45 For the film s 30th anniversary and in commemoration of The Walt Disney Company s centennial it was re released in theaters across the United States and Canada on October 20 2023 including engagements in 4DX 46 Home media edit With years of successful home video sales The Nightmare Before Christmas later achieved the ranks of a cult film 30 Touchstone Home Video first released the film on VHS on September 30 1994 and on DVD on December 2 1997 47 The Nightmare Before Christmas was released on DVD a second time on October 3 2000 as a special edition The release included an audio commentary by Selick and cinematographer Pete Kozachik a 28 minute making of documentary a gallery of concept art storyboards test footage and deleted scenes Burton s Vincent and Frankenweenie were also included 48 Both DVDs were non anamorphic widescreen releases The film was released on UMD for PlayStation Portable on October 25 2005 49 Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment released the film on DVD again this time with an anamorphic transfer and on Blu ray Disc for the first time on August 26 2008 as a two disc digitally remastered collector s edition but still containing the same special features 50 51 Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment released The Nightmare Before Christmas on Blu ray 3D on August 30 2011 The release included a Blu ray 3D disc Blu ray disc and a DVD that includes both a DVD and digital copy of the film In 2018 Disney issued a singalong version of the film accompanied by the theatrical cut and a Movies Anywhere copy as a single disc version for the film s 25th anniversary 52 The singalong version was also released on Disney on September 30 2022 In celebration of 30th anniversary the film was remastered in 4K and was released on 4K Blu ray including extra content on August 22 2023 53 54 Marketing edit Disney has extensively marketed the film and its characters across many forms of media and memorabilia including action figures books games art crafts and fashion products Jack Skellington Sally Pajama Jack and the Mayor have been made into bendable figures 55 while Jack and Sally even appear in fine art 56 Sally has been made into an action figure and a Halloween costume 57 Various Disneyland and the branching theme parks host attractions featuring Nightmare characters particularly during Halloween and Christmas seasons Since 2001 Disneyland has given its Haunted Mansion Holiday attraction a Nightmare Before Christmas theme for the holiday season It features characters decorations and music from the film in addition to Mickey s Not So Scary Halloween Party and Mickey s Halloween Party featuring the film s characters 58 Additionally Jack hosts the Halloween Screams HalloWishes and Not So Spooky Spectacular fireworks shows at Magic Kingdom where the host is Ghost Host and Disneyland where the host is Jack himself as well as the Frightfully Fun Parade 59 Reception editBox office edit Around the release of the film Hoberman was quoted I hope Nightmare goes out and makes a fortune If it does great If it doesn t that doesn t negate the validity of the process The budget was less than any Disney blockbuster so it doesn t have to earn Aladdin sized grosses to satisfy us 21 The film earned 50 million in the United States in its initial theatrical run 41 and was regarded as a moderate sleeper hit The Nightmare Before Christmas made an additional 11 1 million in box office gross in its 2006 reissue 60 The 2007 2008 2009 2020 and 2023 reissues earned 15 8 million 2 5 million 2 3 million and 10 million respectively clarification needed increasing the film s total box office gross to 101 2 million 41 61 Critical response edit On Rotten Tomatoes the film holds a rating of 95 based on 106 reviews with an average rating of 8 4 10 The site s critics consensus reads The Nightmare Before Christmas is a stunningly original and visually delightful work of stop motion animation 62 On Metacritic the film has a weighted average score of 82 out of 100 based on 30 critics indicating universal acclaim 63 Audiences surveyed by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade B on an A to F scale 64 Roger Ebert praised the film s visual inventiveness One of the many pleasures of Tim Burton s The Nightmare Before Christmas is that there is not a single recognizable landscape in it Everything looks strange and haunting Even Santa Claus would be difficult to recognize without his red and white uniform He wrote that it presented a world that is as completely new as the worlds we saw for the first time in such films as Metropolis The Cabinet of Dr Caligari and Star Wars What all of these films have in common is a visual richness so abundant they deserve more than one viewing He wrote that The songs by Danny Elfman are fun too a couple of them using lyrics so clever they could be updated from Gilbert amp Sullivan And the choreography liberated from gravity and reality has an energy of its own as when the furniture the architecture and the very landscape itself gets in on the act He notes that some of the Halloween creatures might be a tad scary for smaller children but this is the kind of movie older kids will eat up it has the kind of offbeat subversive energy that tells them wonderful things are likely to happen 65 Peter Travers of Rolling Stone called it a restoration of originality and daring to the Halloween genre This dazzling mix of fun and fright also explodes the notion that animation is kid stuff It s 74 minutes of timeless movie magic 66 James Berardinelli stated The Nightmare Before Christmas has something to offer just about everyone For the kids it s a fantasy celebrating two holidays For the adults it s an opportunity to experience some light entertainment while marveling at how adept Hollywood has become at these techniques There are songs laughs and a little romance In short The Nightmare Before Christmas does what it intends to entertain 67 Desson Thomson of The Washington Post enjoyed the film s similarities to the writings of Oscar Wilde and the Brothers Grimm as well as The Cabinet of Dr Caligari and other German Expressionist films 68 Michael A Morrison discusses the influence of Dr Seuss How the Grinch Stole Christmas on the film writing that Jack parallels the Grinch and Zero parallels Max the Grinch s dog 69 Philip Nel writes that the film challenges the wisdom of adults through its trickster characters contrasting Jack as a good trickster with Oogie Boogie whom he also compares with Seuss Dr Terwilliker as a bad trickster 70 Entertainment Weekly reports that fan reception of these characters borders on obsession profiling Laurie and Myk Rudnick a couple whose degree of obsession with the film is so great that they named their son after the real life person that a character in the film is based on 71 This enthusiasm for the characters has also been profiled as having spread beyond North America to Japan 72 Yvonne Tasker notes the complex characterization seen in The Nightmare Before Christmas 73 Accolades edit The film was nominated for both the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects and the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation Nightmare won the Saturn Award for Best Fantasy Film while Elfman won Best Music Selick and the animators were also nominated for their work Elfman was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score Most recently the film ranked 1 on Rotten Tomatoes Top 25 Best Christmas Movies list 74 Legacy editBlink 182 s 2003 song I Miss You makes reference to the film 75 76 The third and fourth episodes of the fifth season of Fargo feature a group of characters that wear masks depicting characters from the movie including Jack Skellington Possible sequel editIn 2002 Disney began to consider producing a sequel but rather than using stop motion they wanted to use computer animation 77 Burton convinced Disney to drop the idea I was always very protective of The Nightmare Before Christmas not to do sequels or things of that kind Burton explained You know Jack visits Thanksgiving world or other kinds of things just because I felt the movie had a purity to it and the people that like it because it s a mass market kind of thing it was important to kind of keep that purity of it 44 The 2004 video game The Nightmare Before Christmas Oogie s Revenge did serve as a sequel of the film with Capcom s crew of developers going after Burton for advice 78 and having the collaboration of the film s art director Deane Taylor 79 In 2009 Selick said he would do a film sequel if he and Burton could create a good story for it 80 In February 2019 it was reported that a new Nightmare Before Christmas film was in the works with Disney considering either a stop motion sequel or live action remake 81 In October 2019 Chris Sarandon expressed interest on reprising his role as Jack Skellington if a sequel film ever materializes 82 On February 22 2021 it was announced by Disney Publishing that a sequel was given to the 1993 film in the form of a young adult novel released as Long Live the Pumpkin Queen It was written by Shea Ernshaw and features Sally as the main character told through her point of view with events taking place after the film 83 The book was released on August 2 2022 84 In October 2023 Selick stated that he would like to do a prequel film about how Jack became king of Halloween Town 85 86 The following month however Burton claimed that he did not want to see any further projects in that universe 87 Related media editToys and games edit A collectible card game based on the film called The Nightmare Before Christmas TCG was released in 2005 by NECA The game was designed by Quixotic Games founder Andrew Parks 88 and Zev Shlasinger It consists of a Premiere set and 4 Starter Decks based on four characters Jack Skellington the Mayor Oogie Boogie and Doctor Finkelstein Each Starter Deck contains a rule book a Pumpkin King card a Pumpkin Points card and a 48 card deck The game has four card types Characters Locales Creations and Surprises The Cards rarities are separated into four categories Common Uncommon Rare Ultra Rare Quixotic Games also developed The Nightmare Before Christmas Party Game that was released in 2007 by NECA 89 A collector s edition The Nightmare Before Christmas themed Jenga game was issued with orange purple and black blocks with Jack Skellington heads on them The set comes in a coffin shaped box instead of the normal rectangular box 90 A 168 card Munchkin Tim Burton s The Nightmare Before Christmas themed Munchkin was developed by USAopoly featuring the citizens of Halloween Town such as Jack Skellington Oogie Boogie Doctor Finkelstein and Lock Shock and Barrel The game comes with a custom die similar to the ones used by Oogie Boogie in the film 91 92 On September 15 2020 a Nightmare Before Christmas themed tarot card deck and guidebook was released and the illustration was done by Abigail Larson 93 On October 27 2023 Disney partnered with Mattel to produce a Jack and Sally doll under their Monster High toyline 94 Books comics and manga edit In 1993 a pop up book based on the film was released on October 1 95 Another pop up book calendar titled Nightmare Before Christmas Pop Up Book and Advent Calendar was released September 29 2020 96 97 Jack is the titular character in the short story Tim Burton s The Nightmare Before Christmas Jack s Story 98 Disney Press released a Tim Burton s The Nightmare Before Christmas Party Cookbook Recipes and Crafts for the Perfect Spooky Party on August 21 2017 99 A behind the scenes art book titled Tim Burton s Nightmare Before Christmas The Film the Art the Vision was released on October 14 1993 and a Disney Editions Deluxe edition was published July 28 2009 100 101 In 2006 a picture book containing the poem Tim Burton wrote that originated the film was released on August 15 102 In celebration of the film s 20th anniversary the poem was re released with a hardcover edition in 2013 103 On July 20 2009 an illustrated book covering a rendition of The Twelve Days of Christmas song titled Nightmare Before Christmas The 13 Days of Christmas was published In celebration of the film s 25th anniversary a book and CD featuring narration and sound effects was released on July 3 2018 104 In honor of the film s 25th anniversary a Cinestory Comic made by Disney and published by Joe Books LTD was released on September 26 2017 105 A graphic novel retelling of the film by Joe Books LTD was released on July 31 2018 and digital and hardcover versions were released August 25 2020 106 107 On November 26 2020 a novel retelling of the film version was released as part of the Disney Animated Classics series 108 In 2021 another version of Nightmare Before Christmas 13 Days of Christmas came out on July 6 and was soon followed by Little Golden Books s release of their adaptation of Nightmare Before Christmas on July 13 2021 109 110 In 2017 Tokyopop secured exclusive licensing for two manga adaptions for Nightmare Before Christmas with the first manga being an adaptation of the film s plot line with art by Jun Asuka released October 17 111 112 The second manga a fully colored series illustrated by Kei Ishiyama and titled Zero s Journey chronicles the adventures of Jack s dog Zero in his experiences beginning in Christmas Town after accidentally getting separated from Jack who tries to find him and acts as a sequel to the film with Tim Burton s story approval 113 The 20 issues were first published monthly starting on October 2 and then collected into four full color graphic novels with a black and white collector s edition manga edition as well 114 115 Starting on July 21 2021 Tokyopop released another sequel manga centered around Sally titled The Nightmare Before Christmas Mirror Moon written by Mallory Reaves and fully colored series illustrated by Gabriella Chianello and Nataliya Torretta The first two issues will be collected into a graphic novel that is slated to be released on October 26 116 117 118 A novelization of the film written by Daphne Skinner was published on January 1 1994 119 On August 2 2022 a young adult novel titled Long Live the Pumpkin Queen by Shea Ernshaw was released With Sally as the protagonist with the premise described as takes place shortly after the movie ends It s the yet to be told love story of Sally and Jack But it s also a coming of age story for Sally as we see her navigate her new royal title as the Pumpkin Queen of Halloween Town The novel introduced new characters and explored Sally s past as well as exploring other holiday worlds as Sally and Jack tackle a mysterious villain Sally has accidentally unleashed 83 120 121 122 On November 1 2022 Tokyopop announced a full colored graphic novel series titled Disney Tim Burton s The Nightmare Before Christmas The Battle for Pumpkin King which centers around the friendship and rivalry between a young Jack Skellington and Oogie Boogie The graphic novel consisted of five issues starting with the first release in May 2023 and the full graphic novel edition is available in September 2023 123 124 125 A novelization for The Nightmare Before Christmas written by Megan Shepherd was released on July 4 2023 to celebrate the 30th anniversary 126 On July 20 2023 Shepherd also revealed that she will be writing a sequel to Ernshaw s Pumpkin Queen book and is expected to be released in 2024 127 128 On July 19 2023 Disney announced that it is partnering with Dynamite Entertainment to publish new comics based on the film with the first project being written by Torunn Gronbekk 129 130 131 On August 22 2023 Epic Ink published a cultural book titled Disney Tim Burton s The Nightmare Before Christmas Beyond Halloween Town The Story the Characters and the Legacy by writer Emily Zemler 132 Video games edit The Nightmare Before Christmas has inspired video game spin offs including Oogie s Revenge and The Pumpkin King The Kingdom Hearts series includes Halloween Town as a world appearing in the titles Kingdom Hearts Chain of Memories Kingdom Hearts II and 358 2 Days with Christmas Town also as a major area in Kingdom Hearts II Jack Skellington appears as a party member of the protagonist Sora while other important characters from the film appear as supporting characters in the world The games adapt parts of the plot of The Nightmare Before Christmas A Jack Skellington figurine is available for the Disney Infinity video game allowing the character to be playable in the game s Toy Box Mode 133 The main characters of the film except Santa Claus appear as playable characters in the video game Disney Magic Kingdoms as well as in some attractions based on locations of the film in new storylines in which the characters are involved 134 135 136 137 Jack and Oogie Boogie are featured as playable units in many Disney related mobile games such as Disney Heroes Battle Mode Disney Sorcerer s Arena and Disney Mirrorverse In December 2021 a collaboration between Disney and Fall Guys released a seasonal challenge themed after The Nightmare Before Christmas which was available from December 16 through December 27 138 139 In September 2023 Disney Dreamlight Valley released a patch update featuring furniture clothing and motifs inspired by the film In October 2023 Fortnite collaborated with Disney to make the Jack Skellington costume and other The Nightmare Before Christmas themed cosmetics for the Fortnitemares 2023 event 140 Rocket League released The Nightmare Before Christmas themed cosmetics and items for their Haunted Hallows Event from October 18 to November 1 2023 141 142 Concerts edit nbsp Elfman s The Nightmare Before Christmas live at the Hollywood Bowl 2015 A live concert produced by Disney Concerts was held at the Hollywood Bowl in October 2015 and was followed by subsequent performances in 2016 and 2018 The shows featured Elfman O Hara and Page reprising their roles from the film In December 2019 this show came to Europe with dates in Edinburgh Glasgow London and Dublin 143 A one night only virtual benefit concert presentation of the film presented by The Actors Fund and produced by James Monroe Iglehart with the cooperation of Burton Elfman Disney and Actors Equity Association streamed on October 31 2020 100 of the proceeds will benefit the Lymphoma Research Foundation as a response to the COVID 19 pandemic and its impact on the performing arts The cast included Iglehart as Oogie Boogie along with Rafael Casal as Jack Skellington Adrienne Warren as Sally Danny Burstein as Santa Claus and the Narrator Nik Walker as Lock Lesli Margherita as Shock and Rob McClure as Barrel Rounding out the cast were Kathryn Allison Jenni Barber Erin Elizabeth Clemons Fergie L Phillipe Jawan M Jackson and Brian Gonzalez 144 145 In October 2021 Disney hosted a live to film concert of Tim Burton s The Nightmare Before Christmas for two nights at LA s Banc of California Stadium on October 29 and 31 The show featured Billie Eilish singing as Sally and Danny Elfman reprising his role as Jack Ken Page reprised the role of Oogie Boogie while Weird Al Yankovic sang as Shock The concert included a full orchestra led by acclaimed conductor John Mauceri to perform the film s score and songs live 146 147 148 149 In October 2021 Disney announced that they were hosting another live to film concert at the OVO Arena Wembley in London on December 9 and 10 2022 The show featured Elfman and Page reprising their respective roles while John Mauceri returned as conductor alongside the BBC Concert Orchestra Acclaimed singer and songwriter Phoebe Bridgers took on the role of Sally 150 In October 2023 Disney hosted another concert from October 27 29 at the Hollywood Bowl Elfman Page Catherine O Hara and other guest stars are set to appear including Halsey who is sharing the role of Sally with O Hara 151 152 However days before the concert Halsey dropped out from her role due to a scheduling conflict 153 154 The 2023 concert series was dedicated to Paul Reubens the original voice of Lock who died in July that year Other media edit Disney Interactive Studios released an As Told by Emoji animated adaptation of The Nightmare Before Christmas in 2016 which can be found on their official YouTube channel 155 In 2019 a behind the scenes podcast series about The Nightmare Before Christmas was made featuring the animators producers and other crew discussing the making of the movie totaling 38 episodes 156 See also editList of ghost films List of Christmas films Santa Claus in filmReferences editNotes The Nightmare Before Christmas has been reissued as a Walt Disney Pictures release since 2006 1 Footnotes a b c Mendelson Scott October 15 2013 Nightmare Before Christmas Turns 20 From Shameful Spawn To Disney s Pride Forbes Archived from the original on December 23 2013 Retrieved December 14 2013 a b The Nightmare Before Christmas American Film Institute Archived from the original on December 26 2020 Retrieved September 3 2020 The Nightmare Before Christmas PG British Board of Film Classification March 18 1994 Archived from the original on December 20 2016 Retrieved December 7 2016 a b c d e Mark Salisbury Tim Burton 2006 Burton on Burton London Faber and Faber pp 121 127 ISBN 0 571 22926 3 Tim Burton s The Nightmare Before Christmas 1993 Box Office Mojo Archived from the original on November 1 2020 Retrieved October 18 2020 Ng David October 24 2015 Danny Elfman can relate to Nightmare Before Christmas hero Jack Skellington Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on October 14 2019 Retrieved October 14 2019 Vonder Holly January 21 2022 The 20 Best Animated Movies of All Time CBR Archived from the original on August 26 2023 Retrieved November 22 2023 Bagamery Jonathan December 25 2022 15 Best Christmas Horror Movies CBR Archived from the original on September 9 2023 Retrieved November 22 2023 The Nightmare Before Christmas A Hit That Initially Unnerved Disney The New York Times Archived from the original on October 30 2023 Retrieved November 22 2023 VanDenburgh Barbara Top 10 stop motion animated movies The Arizona Republic Archived from the original on October 30 2023 Retrieved November 22 2023 Hathaway Benjamin Mahler Matt October 12 2023 30 Best Halloween Movies of All Time MovieWeb Archived from the original on October 31 2023 Retrieved November 22 2023 Jurassic Park another Spielberg movie also has good night with 3 awards The Orlando Sentinel March 22 1994 p 6 Archived from the original on September 21 2022 Retrieved September 21 2022 via Newspapers com nbsp Saperstein Pat December 13 2023 Home Alone Terminator 2 12 Years a Slave Among 25 Titles Joining National Film Registry Variety Archived from the original on December 13 2023 Retrieved December 13 2023 a b Stern Marlow October 29 2013 Henry Selick on Directing The Nightmare Before Christmas The Daily Beast Archived from the original on September 27 2016 Retrieved September 25 2016 Lammers Tim October 29 2013 Sarandon remains proud of Nightmare Before Christmas as film classic turns 20 Strictly Cinema Archived from the original on September 27 2016 Retrieved September 25 2016 Patrick Stewart Reads The Nightmare Before Christmas Poem The Mary Sue December 16 2013 Archived from the original on October 14 2019 Retrieved October 14 2019 a b Simpson Blaise October 10 1993 The Concept Jack o Santa Tim Burton s new movie for Disney isn t exactly a steal Christmas kind of thing It s more like a borrow it and give it a weird twist kind of thing Los Angeles Times pp 1 4 Archived from the original on November 29 2017 Retrieved April 20 2020 Tim Burton Henry Selick The Making of Tim Burton s The Nightmare Before Christmas Archived February 10 2017 at the Wayback Machine 2000 Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment a b Carr Jay October 17 1993 Tim Burton s Big Adventure The Boston Globe Thompson Frank T October 14 1993 Tim Burton s The Nightmare Before Christmas The Film The Art The Vision Disney Editions p 8 ISBN 9780786880669 OCLC 28294626 a b c d e Avins Mimi November 1993 Ghoul World Premiere pp 24 30 Retrieved on September 26 2008 Topel Fred August 25 2008 Director Henry Selick Interview The Nightmare Before Christmas About com Archived from the original on September 25 2008 Retrieved May 27 2012 a b c d e Salisbury Burton p 115 120 a b Broeske Pat H January 20 1991 Dusting Off Burton Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on October 18 2013 Retrieved May 26 2012 Simpson Blaise October 10 1993 The Concept Jack o Santa Tim Burton s new movie for Disney isn t exactly a steal Christmas kind of thing It s more like a borrow it and give it a weird twist kind of thing Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on March 5 2016 Retrieved September 25 2016 a b c Korkis Jim September 5 2018 The Making of Tim Burton s The Nightmare Before Christmas Part One Mouse Planet com Retrieved September 5 2018 BV toons up down under Variety February 18 1993 Archived from the original on November 5 2012 Retrieved September 26 2008 a b c d David Helpern December 1994 Animated Dreams Sight amp Sound pp 33 37 Retrieved on September 26 2008 Jones Bill October 22 1993 He Kept His Nightmare Alive The Phoenix Gazette a b c Collura Scott October 21 2006 The Nightmare Before Christmas 3 D 13 Years and Three Dimensions Later IGN Archived from the original on August 25 2012 Retrieved 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2019 Pentatonix Release Making Christmas Video Billboard Archived from the original on October 14 2019 Retrieved October 14 2019 Collura Scott October 21 2006 The Nightmare Before Christmas 3 D 13 Years and Three Dimensions Later IGN Archived from the original on August 25 2012 Retrieved March 22 2021 John Evan Prook August 18 1993 Christmas comes to N Y Film Fest Variety Archived from the original on November 5 2012 Retrieved September 26 2008 a b c Tim Burton s The Nightmare Before Christmas Archived April 21 2019 at the Wayback Machine Releases Box Office Mojo Retrieved September 18 2009 Tim Burton s The Nightmare Before Christmas To Use 4D in Special Event Geeksofdoom com October 12 2010 Retrieved October 14 2010 Shea Cam April 27 2007 Real D The Future of Cinema IGN Archived from the original on September 18 2008 Retrieved September 26 2008 a b Adler Shawn Carroll Larry October 20 2006 How Burton s Fever Dream Spawned Nightmare Before Christmas MTV Archived from the original on 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Christmas 1993 Rank 1 Rotten Tomatoes Archived from the original on December 24 2008 Retrieved December 20 2008 The Meaning of blink 182 s I Miss You extrachill com September 1 2022 Archived from the original on December 4 2023 Retrieved December 4 2023 Medlen D R October 13 2023 The Nightmare Before Christmas Has Been Turning Kids Goth for 30 Years extrachill com Archived from the original on December 4 2023 Retrieved December 4 2023 Topel Fred August 25 2008 Director Henry Selick Interview The Nightmare Before Christmas About com Archived from the original on September 25 2008 Retrieved September 27 2008 CYNAMATIC EXCLUSIVE Masato Yoshino Gets Oogie s Revenge MovieWeb October 7 2005 Archived from the original on June 20 2023 Retrieved January 6 2011 Tim Burton s The Nightmare Before Christmas Oogie s Revenge Deane Taylor Interview TeamXbox September 19 2005 Archived from the original on July 16 2011 Retrieved January 6 2011 Otto Jack February 1 2009 How possible is a sequel to 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Haring Bruce October 14 2023 The Nightmare Before Christmas Prequel Is Batted Around By Director Henry Selick Deadline Archived from the original on October 14 2023 Retrieved November 22 2023 Travis Ben November 21 2023 Tim Burton Doesn t Want Sequels Or A Reboot For The Nightmare Before Christmas Get Off Of My Land Exclusive Empire Bauer Publishing Quixotic Games About Quixotic quixoticgames com Archived from the original on April 16 2016 Retrieved April 27 2016 Quixotic Games Ludography quixoticgames com Archived from the original on April 14 2016 Retrieved April 27 2016 Nightmare Before Christmas Jenga Craziestgadgets com Archived from the original on August 1 2012 Retrieved July 31 2012 Munchkin The Nightmare Before Christmas Worldofmunchkin com Archived from the original on April 23 2016 Retrieved April 27 2016 MUNCHKIN Tim Burton s The Nightmare Before Christmas Usaopoly com Retrieved April 27 2016 permanent dead link Siegel Minerva September 15 2020 The Nightmare Before Christmas Tarot Deck and Guidebook Simon and Schuster ISBN 978 1683839699 Coulson Josh September 21 2023 Mattel Shows Off Two Disney Halloween Themed Little People Collector Sets TheGamer Archived from the original on November 3 2023 Retrieved November 22 2023 Burton Tim 1993 Tim Burton s Nightmare Before Christmas A Super Pop up Book Mouse Works ISBN 0453031323 Sussman Hillary August 26 2020 Tim Burton s The Nightmare Before Christmas Gets a Ghoulish Pop Up Advent Calendar CBR Archived from the original on November 2 2020 Retrieved October 13 2021 The Nightmare Before Christmas Advent Calendar and Pop Up Book Insight Editions September 29 2020 ISBN 978 1683839682 tk Tim Burton s The Nightmare Before Christmas Jack s story Disney Scary Storybook Collection New York Disney Press 2003 5 Tim Burton s The Nightmare Before Christmas Party Cookbook Recipes and Crafts for the Perfect Spooky Party B amp N Exclusive barnesandnoble com Archived from the original on October 19 2020 Retrieved 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of the Movie in Comics Dark Horse Comics ISBN 978 1506717425 Easton Marilyn November 26 2020 Disney Animated Classics The Nightmare Before Christmas Simon and Schuster ISBN 9780794448257 Davison Steven July 6 2021 Nightmare Before Christmas 13 Days of Christmas Disney Press ISBN 9781368064576 Arroyo Jeannette July 13 2021 The Nightmare Before Christmas Random House Children s Books ISBN 9780736441698 Allen Todd August 1 2017 A Nightmare Before Christmas Sequel TokyoPop Re Emerges With Disney Licenses Comicsbeat Archived from the original on January 17 2022 Retrieved October 13 2021 Asuka Jun 2017 Tim Burton s the Nightmare Before Christmas TOKYOPOP Incorporated ISBN 978 1427857248 Holub Christian October 31 2017 Jack and Zero get redesigned for Nightmare Before Christmas sequel comic Entertainment Weekly Archived from the original on October 23 2021 Retrieved October 13 2021 Zero s Journey Tokyopop com Archived from the original on November 19 2021 Retrieved October 13 2021 Diaz Eric 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Christmas Live to Film Concert Details Billboard Archived from the original on October 17 2021 Retrieved October 16 2021 Kreps Daniel October 1 2021 Billie Eilish to Play Sally at Nightmare Before Christmas Concert Event Because of Course Rolling Stone Archived from the original on October 16 2021 Retrieved October 16 2021 Willman Chris October 1 2021 Billie Eilish to Join Nightmare Before Christmas Shows in L A Alongside Danny Elfman Archived from the original on October 16 2021 Retrieved October 16 2021 Lash Jolie Billie Eilish joins Nightmare Before Christmas concerts film as Sally Ew com Archived from the original on October 16 2021 Retrieved October 16 2021 Corcoran Nina October 17 2022 Phoebe Bridgers Joins Danny Elfman s The Nightmare Before Christmas Concerts Pitchfork Archived from the original on October 18 2022 Retrieved October 18 2022 DISNEY Tim Burton s The Nightmare Before Christmas IN CONCERT Hollywood Bowl Archived from the original on October 9 2023 Retrieved November 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Film the Art and the Vision Paperback Hyperion ISBN 978 0 7868 5378 6 Asaga Jun July 2002 Tim Burton s The Nightmare Before Christmas Paperback Disney Press ISBN 978 0 7868 3849 3 Manga adaptation of the film External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to The Nightmare Before Christmas nbsp Wikiquote has quotations related to The Nightmare Before Christmas Official website The Nightmare Before Christmas at IMDb nbsp The Nightmare Before Christmas at the TCM Movie Database The Nightmare Before Christmas at AllMovie The Nightmare Before Christmas at Box Office Mojo The Nightmare Before Christmas at Rotten Tomatoes The Nightmare Before Christmas at The Tim Burton Collective Scalzi John August 28 2008 Why Tim Burton s Recurring Nightmare Remains So Popular AMC Archived from the original on September 12 2008 Nightmare Before Christmas Behind The Scenes A time lapse of the stop motion animation process Portals nbsp Film nbsp United States nbsp 1990s nbsp Cartoon nbsp Animation nbsp Speculative fiction nbsp Fantasy nbsp Holidays nbsp Disney Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title The Nightmare Before Christmas amp oldid 1220014431, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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